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Saurin S, Meineck M, Claßen P, Boedecker-Lips SC, Pautz A, Weinmann-Menke J. Sex-specific differences in SLE - Significance in the experimental setting of inflammation and kidney damage in MRL-Fas lpr mice. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2377098. [PMID: 39004847 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2024.2377098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Animal models are an important tool in the research of chronic autoimmune diseases, like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). MRL-Faslpr mice are one of different lupus models that develop spontaneously an SLE-like disease with autoantibodies and immune complex deposition that leads into damage of different organs. In contrast to human SLE, both sexes of MRL-Faslpr mice develop a similar autoimmune disease. Due to the sex bias in human and the delayed disease progression in male MRL-Faslpr mice, the majority of studies have been performed in female mice. To determine the suitability of male MRL-Faslpr mice for SLE research, especially with regard to the 3 R-principle and animal welfare, analyses of phenotype, inflammation and damage with focus on kidney and spleen were performed in mice of both sexes. Female mice developed lymphadenopathy and skin lesions earlier as males. At an age of 3.5 month, more immune cells infiltrated kidney and spleen in females compared to males. At the age of 5 months, however, substantially less sex-specific differences were detected. Since other studies have shown differences between both sexes on other manifestations like autoimmune pancreatitis and Sjögren syndrome in MRL-Faslpr mice, the use of male mice as part of 3 R-principle and animal welfare must be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Saurin
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Center of Immunotherapy, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Myriam Meineck
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Center of Immunotherapy, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Claßen
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Center of Immunotherapy, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simone Cosima Boedecker-Lips
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Center of Immunotherapy, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Pautz
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Weinmann-Menke
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Center of Immunotherapy, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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Cho SW, Malick H, Kim SJ, Grattoni A. Advances in Skin-on-a-Chip Technologies for Dermatological Disease Modeling. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1707-1715. [PMID: 38493383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Skin-on-a-chip (SoC) technologies are emerging as a paradigm shift in dermatology research by replicating human physiology in a dynamic manner not achievable by current animal models. Although animal models have contributed to successful clinical trials, their ability to predict human outcomes remains questionable, owing to inherent differences in skin anatomy and immune response. Covering areas including infectious diseases, autoimmune skin conditions, wound healing, drug toxicity, aging, and antiaging, SoC aims to circumvent the inherent disparities created by traditional models. In this paper, we review current SoC technologies, highlighting their potential as an alternative to animal models for a deeper understanding of complex skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Won Cho
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA; Texas A&M University School of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Hamza Malick
- Texas A&M University School of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Soo Jung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Gu H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ding L, Huan W, Yang Y, Fang F, Cui W. Global Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis of Research on Lactoferrin from 1978 to 2024. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400379. [PMID: 39044343 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-bound protein with a molecular weight of about 80 kDa. LF has many biological functions such as antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anticancer. The purpose of this study is to explore the research trend of LF through bibliometric analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS The search is conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection database, and then the publications information of LF related literature is exported. Based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, countries, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and so on are analyzed. Since 1987, a total of 9382 literature have been included, and the number of papers related to LF has increased year by year. These publications come mainly from 124 countries and 725 institutions. Of the 1256 authors analyzed, Valenti Piera is the one with the most publications. The burst strength of gut microbiota, antioxidant, nanoparticles, and in vitro digestion are 21.3, 15.63, 23.03, and 13.51, respectively. They represent the frontier of research in this field and are developing rapidly. CONCLUSION This study shows that LF has important research value. The study of LF nanoparticles and the effects of LF on the gut microbiota are an emerging field that helps to explore new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yating Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Liyi Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenru Huan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Weiwei Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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Hu A, Li R, Chen G, Chen S. Impact of Respiratory Dust on Health: A Comparison Based on the Toxicity of PM2.5, Silica, and Nanosilica. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7654. [PMID: 39062897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory dust of different particle sizes in the environment causes diverse health effects when entering the human body and makes acute or chronic damage through multiple systems and organs. However, the precise toxic effects and potential mechanisms induced by dust of different particle sizes have not been systematically summarized. In this study, we described the sources and characteristics of three different particle sizes of dust: PM2.5 (<2.5 μm), silica (<5 μm), and nanosilica (<100 nm). Based on their respective characteristics, we further explored the main toxicity induced by silica, PM2.5, and nanosilica in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated the health implications of respiratory dust on the human body, and especially proposed potential synergistic effects, considering current studies. In summary, this review summarized the health hazards and toxic mechanisms associated with respiratory dust of different particle sizes. It could provide new insights for investigating the synergistic effects of co-exposure to respiratory dust of different particle sizes in mixed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Rou Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
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Rivi V, Batabyal A, Lukowiak K. The multifaceted effects of flavonoids on neuroplasticity. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2024:RNN230150. [PMID: 38995810 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-230150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
There has been a significant increase in the incidence of multiple neurodegenerative and terminal diseases in the human population with life expectancy increasing in the current times. This highlights the urgent need for a more comprehensive understanding of how different aspects of lifestyle, in particular diet, may affect neural functioning and consequently cognitive performance as well as in enhancing overall health. Flavonoids, found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and derived beverages, provide a new avenue of research that shows a promising influence on different aspects of brain function. However, despite the promising evidence, most bioactive compounds lack strong clinical research efficacy. In the current scoping review, we highlight the effects of Flavonoids on cognition and neural plasticity across vertebrates and invertebrates with special emphasis on the studies conducted in the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, which has emerged to be a functionally dynamic model for studies on learning and memory. In conclusion, we suggest future research directions and discuss the social, cultural, and ethnic dependencies of bioactive compounds that influence how these compounds are used and accepted globally. Bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical studies about the effects of bioactive natural compounds on brain health will surely lead to lifestyle choices such as dietary Flavonoids being used complementarily rather than as replacements to classical drugs bringing about a healthier future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Rivi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anuradha Batabyal
- Department of Physical and Natural Sciences, FLAME University, India
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ken Lukowiak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Chen X, Bahramimehr F, Shahhamzehei N, Fu H, Lin S, Wang H, Li C, Efferth T, Hong C. Anti-aging effects of medicinal plants and their rapid screening using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155665. [PMID: 38768535 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is the primary risk factor of most chronic diseases in humans, including cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases, which extensively damage the quality of life for elderly individuals. Aging is a multifaceted process with numerous factors affecting it. Efficient model organisms are essential for the research and development of anti-aging agents, particularly when investigating pharmacological mechanisms are needed. PURPOSE This review discusses the application of Caenorhabditis elegans for studying aging and its related signaling pathways, and presents an overview of studies exploring the mechanism and screening of anti-aging agents in C. elegans. Additionally, the review summarizes related clinical trials of anti-aging agents to inspire the development of new medications. METHOD Literature was searched, analyzed, and collected using PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The search terms used were "anti-aging", "medicinal plants", "synthetic compounds", "C. elegans", "signal pathway", etc. Several combinations of these keywords were used. Studies conducted in C. elegans or humans were included. Articles were excluded, if they were on studies conducted in silico or in vitro or could not offer effective data. RESULTS Four compounds mainly derived through synthesis (metformin, rapamycin, nicotinamide mononucleotide, alpha-ketoglutarate) and four active ingredients chiefly obtained from plants (resveratrol, quercetin, Astragalus polysaccharide, ginsenosides) are introduced emphatically. These compounds and active ingredients exhibit potential anti-aging effects in preclinical and clinical studies. The screening of these anti-aging agents and the investigation of their pharmacological mechanisms can benefit from the use of C. elegans. CONCLUSION Medicinal plants provide valuable resource for the treatment of diseases. A wide source of raw materials for the particular plant medicinal compounds having anti-aging effects meet diverse pharmaceutical requirements, such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammation and alleviating oxidative stress. C. elegans possesses advantages in scientific research including short life cycle, small size, easy maintenance, genetic tractability and conserved biological processes related to aging. C. elegans can be used for the efficient and rapid evaluation of compounds with the potential to slow down aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Faranak Bahramimehr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nasim Shahhamzehei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Huangjie Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Siyi Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Hanxiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Changyu Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Chunlan Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Zhao T, Guo H, Yang J, Cai A, Liu J, Zheng J, Xiao Y, Zhao P, Li Y, Luo X, Zhang X, Zhu R, Wang J, Wang F. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reversing Abnormal Brain Function in Mood Disorders with Early Life Stress: from preclinical models to clinical applications. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 97:104092. [PMID: 38823081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life stress (ELS) significantly increases the risk of mood disorders and affects the neurodevelopment of the primary cortex. HYPOTHESIS Modulating the primary cortex through neural intervention can ameliorate the impact of ELS on brain development and consequently alleviate its effects on mood disorders. METHOD We induced the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model in adolescent rats, followed by applying repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to their primary cortex in early adulthood. To assess the applicability of primary cortex rTMS in humans, we recruited individuals aged 17-25 with mood disorders who had experienced ELS and performed primary cortex rTMS on them. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and depression-related behavioral and clinical symptoms were conducted in both rats and human subjects before and after the rTMS. RESULTS In animals, fMRI analysis revealed increased activation in the primary cortex of CUMS rats and decrease subcortical activation. Following the intervention of primary cortex rTMS, the abnormal functional activity was reversed. Similarly, in mood disorders patients with ELS, increased activation in the primary cortex and decreased activation in the frontal cortex were observed. During rTMS intervention, similar neuroimaging improvements were noted, particularly decreased activation in the primary cortex. This suggests that targeted rTMS in the primary cortex can reverse the abnormal neuroimaging. CONCLUSION This cross-species translational study has identified the primary cortex as a key region in mood disorders patients with ELS. Targeting the primary cortex with rTMS can correct abnormal functional activity while improving symptoms. Our study provides translational evidence for therapeutics targeting the ELS factor of mood disorders patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhao
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Huiling Guo
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Aoling Cai
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Changzhou Medical Center, Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Junjie Zheng
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xiongjian Luo
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Afffliated Third People's Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Sarkar P, Pugazhendhi AS, Coathup M, Mukhopadhyay K. Antibacterial sponge for rapid noncompressible hemostatic treatment: spatiotemporal studies using a noninvasive model. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 38916074 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00506f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of preventable death. While minor injuries can be treated mainly by conventional methods, deep and irregular wounds with profuse bleeding present significant challenges, some of which can be life-threatening and fatal. This underscores the need to develop easily applicable FDA-approved hemostatic treatments that can effectively stanch blood loss at the point of care before professional medical care. A silicone-based bandage system (SilFoam), a non-compressible, self-expanding, antibacterial hemostatic treatment, is reported here. Its two-component system reacts in situ upon mixing to form a stretchable sponge that acts as a 'tamponade' by expanding within seconds with the evolution of oxygen gas from the interaction of the reactive components present in the formulation. This generates autogenous pressure on the wound that can effectively arrest heavy bleeding within minutes. Possessing optimal adhesive properties, the expanded sponge can be easily removed, rendering it optimal for hemostatic wound dressing. With recent advances in biotechnological research, there is a growing awareness of the potential issues associated with in vivo trials, spanning ethical, psychological, economic, and physiological concerns like burnout and fatigue. Bearing this in mind, a unique manikin system simulating a deep abdominal wound has been employed to investigate SilFoam's hemostatic efficacy with different blood-flow rates using a non-invasive model that aims to provide an easy, fast, and economical route to test hemostatic treatments before in vivo studies. This is the first time an Ag2O-based oxygen-induced foaming system has been reported as a hemostatic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Sarkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA.
| | | | - Melanie Coathup
- Biionix Cluster and College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA
| | - Kausik Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA.
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Cheng K, Zhu H, Peng Y, Wen X, Ding H. Computer-aided design and 3D printing for a stable construction of segmental bone defect model in Beagles: a short term observation. 3D Print Med 2024; 10:20. [PMID: 38914872 PMCID: PMC11197206 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-024-00217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Segmental bone defect animal studies require stable fixation which is a continuous experimental challenge. Large animal models are comparable to the human bone, but with obvious drawbacks of housing and costs. Our study aims to utilize CAD and 3D printing in the construction of a stable and reproducible segmental bone defect animal mode. METHODS CAD-aided 3D printed surgical instruments were incorporated into the construction of the animal model through preoperative surgical emulation. 20 3D printed femurs were divided into either experimental group using 3D surgical instruments or control group. In Vitro surgical time and accuracy of fixation were analysed and compared between the two groups. A mature surgical plan using the surgical instruments was then utilized in the construction of 3 segmental bone defect Beagle models in vivo. The Beagles were postoperatively assessed through limb function and imaging at 1, 2 and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS In vitro experiments showed a significant reduction in surgical time from 40.6 ± 14.1 (23-68 min) to 26 ± 4.6 (19-36 min) (n = 10, p < 0.05) and the accuracy of intramedullary fixation placement increased from 71.6 ± 23.6 (33.3-100) % to 98.3 ± 5.37 (83-100) %, (n = 30, p < 0.05) with the use of CAD and 3D printed instruments. All Beagles were load-bearing within 1 week, and postoperative radiographs showed no evidence of implant failure. CONCLUSION Incorporation of CAD and 3D printing significantly increases stability, while reducing the surgical time in the construction of the animal model, significantly affecting the success of the segmental bone defect model in Beagles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Haotian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510180, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuanhao Peng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xinghua Wen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Huanwen Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Cau MF, Ferraresso F, Seadler M, Badior K, Zhang Y, Ketelboeter LM, Rodriguez GG, Chen T, Ferraresso M, Wietrzny A, Robertson M, Haugen A, Cullis PR, de Moya M, Dyer M, Kastrup CJ. siRNA-mediated reduction of a circulating protein in swine using lipid nanoparticles. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101258. [PMID: 38779336 PMCID: PMC11109470 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Genetic manipulation of animal models is a fundamental research tool in biology and medicine but is challenging in large animals. In rodents, models can be readily developed by knocking out genes in embryonic stem cells or by knocking down genes through in vivo delivery of nucleic acids. Swine are a preferred animal model for studying the cardiovascular and immune systems, but there are limited strategies for genetic manipulation. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) efficiently deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down circulating proteins, but swine are sensitive to LNP-induced complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA). We hypothesized that appropriately administering optimized siRNA-LNPs could knock down circulating levels of plasminogen, a blood protein synthesized in the liver. siRNA-LNPs against plasminogen (siPLG) reduced plasma plasminogen protein and hepatic plasminogen mRNA levels to below 5% of baseline values. Functional assays showed that reducing plasminogen levels modulated systemic blood coagulation. Clinical signs of CARPA were not observed, and occasional mild and transient hepatotoxicity was present in siPLG-treated animals at 5 h post-infusion, which returned to baseline by 7 days. These findings advance siRNA-LNPs in swine models, enabling genetic engineering of blood and hepatic proteins, which can likely expand to proteins in other tissues in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo F. Cau
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Francesca Ferraresso
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Monica Seadler
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | - Youjie Zhang
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | | | - Taylor Chen
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | | | - Madelaine Robertson
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Amber Haugen
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Pieter R. Cullis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Marc de Moya
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mitchell Dyer
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Christian J. Kastrup
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry, Biomedical Engineering, and Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Osawa R, Fukuda I, Shirai Y. Evaluating functionalities of food components by a model simulating human intestinal microbiota constructed at Kobe University. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103103. [PMID: 38447326 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In this era of pandemics, reducing the risk of lifestyle-related diseases (LRD) by functional foods is of paramount importance. The conventional process of functional food development almost invariably involves in vitro, animal, and human intervention trials, but differences in intestinal environments between humans and experimental animals make it difficult to develop functional foods that are truly effective in humans. Thus, it is necessary to construct a model that simulates the human intestinal environment to evaluate the functionality of any food component before subjecting it to a human intervention trial. In this review, we provide an overview of a model simulating human intestinal microbiota constructed at Kobe University and its use as a tool to identify food components that contribute to the prevention and treatment of LRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ro Osawa
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Itsuko Fukuda
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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12
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Bernardini C, Nesci S, La Mantia D, Salaroli R, Nauwelaerts N, Ventrella D, Elmi A, Trombetti F, Zannoni A, Forni M. Isolation and characterization of mammary epithelial cells derived from Göttingen Minipigs: A comparative study versus hybrid pig cells from the IMI-ConcePTION Project. Res Vet Sci 2024; 172:105244. [PMID: 38554548 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The value of pig as "large animal model" is a well-known tool for translational medicine, but it can also be beneficial in studying animal health in a one-health vision. The ConcePTION Project aims to provide new information about the risks associated with medication use during breastfeeding, as this information is not available for most commonly used drugs. In the IMI-Conception context, Göttingen Minipigs have been preferred to hybrid pigs for their genetic stability and microbiological control. For the first time, in the present research, three primary cell cultures of mammary epithelial cells were isolated and characterized from Göttingen Minipigs (mpMECs), including their ability to create the epithelial barrier. In addition, a comparative analysis between Göttingen Minipigs and commercial hybrid pig mammary epithelial cells (pMECs) was conducted. Epithelial markers: CKs, CK18, E-CAD, ZO-1 and OCL, were expressed in both mpMECs and pMECs. RT2 Profiler PCR Array Pig Drug Transporters showed a similar profile in mRNA drug transporters. No difference in energy production under basal metabolic condition was evidenced, while under stressed state, a different metabolic behaviour was shown between mpMECs vs pMECs. TEER measurement and sodium fluorescein transport, indicated that mpMECs were able to create an epithelial barrier, although, this turned out to be less compact than pMECs. By comparing mpMECs with mammary epithelial cells isolated from Hybrid pigs (pMECs), although both cell lines have morphological and phenotypic characteristics that make them both useful in barrier studies, some specific differences exist and must be considered in a translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Debora La Mantia
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nina Nauwelaerts
- KU Leuven Drug Delivery and Disposition Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven University, Belgium.
| | - Domenico Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Alberto Elmi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Trombetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell 'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Monica Forni
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
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13
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Araya X, Okumu M, Durán G, Gómez A, Gutiérrez JM, León G. Assessment of the Artemia salina toxicity assay as a substitute of the mouse lethality assay in the determination of venom-induced toxicity and preclinical efficacy of antivenom. Toxicon X 2024; 22:100195. [PMID: 38606385 PMCID: PMC11004356 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2024.100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mice are routinely used in snake venom research but are costly and subject to pain and suffering. The crustacean Artemia salina could be an alternative to mice, but data to support its adoption in snake venom research is limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the suitability of A. salina as a surrogate of mice in assessing the toxicity of venoms and the preclinical efficacy of antivenoms. The toxicity of venoms from 22 snakes of medical importance in sub-Saharan Africa was evaluated in mice (intraperitoneally; i.p. and intravenously; i.v.) and in A. salina. Subsequently, the capacity of a commercial antivenom to neutralize the toxicity of these venoms in mice and A. salina was investigated. There was a positive correlation between the i.v. median lethal doses (LD50s) and the i.p. LD50s in mice (r = 0.804; p < 0.0001), a moderate correlation between the i.v. LD50s in mice and the median lethal concentrations (LC50s) in A. salina (r = 0.606; p = 0.003), and a moderate correlation between the i.p. LD50s in mice and the LC50s in A. salina (r = 0.426; p = 0.048). Moreover, there was a strong correlation between the i.p. median effective doses (ED50s) and the i.v. ED50s in mice (r = 0.941, p < 0.0001), between the i.p. ED50s in mice and the ED50s in A. salina (r = 0.818, p < 0.0001), and between the i.v. ED50s in mice and the ED50s in A. salina (r = 0.972, p < 0.0001). These findings present A. salina as a promising candidate for reducing reliance on mice in snake venom research. Future investigations should build upon these findings, addressing potential limitations and expanding the scope of A. salina in venom research and antivenom development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Araya
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mitchel Okumu
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gina Durán
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Aarón Gómez
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - José María Gutiérrez
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Guillermo León
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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14
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Liu X, Deng S, Li X, Liu H, Li Z, Wu Y, Luo P, Zhong X, Huang R, Liu R, Wu X, Huang B, Chen Z, Chen Z, Chen S. A Standardized Rat Model to Study Peri-implantitis of Transmucosal Osseointegrated Implants. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0021. [PMID: 38828365 PMCID: PMC11142924 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
With the high incidence rate, distinctive implant characteristic and unique infection pattern, peri-implantitis (PI) requires a specially designed implant animal model for the researches on the pathogenesis and treatments. Previous small-animal PI models exhibit variability in implant site selection, design, and surgical procedures resulting in unnecessary tissue damage and less effectivity. Herein, a quantitative-analysis-based standardized rat model for transmucosal PI-related research was proposed. After dissecting the anatomic structures of the rat maxilla, we determined that placing the implant anterior to the molars in the rat maxilla streamlined the experimental period and enhanced animal welfare. We standardized the model by controlling the rat strain, gender, and size. The customized implant and a series of matched surgical instruments were appropriately designed. A clear, step-by-step surgical process was established. These designs ensured the success rate, stability, and replicability of the model. Each validation method confirmed the successful construction of the model. This study proposed a quantitative-analysis-based standardized transmucosal PI rat model with improved animal welfare and reliable procedures. This model could provide efficient in vivo insights to study the pathogenesis and treatments of PI and preliminary screening data for further large-animal and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Shudan Deng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xiyan Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Haiwen Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - You Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Pu Luo
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xinyi Zhong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Ruoxuan Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Runheng Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xiayi Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Baoxin Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Zhuofan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Shoucheng Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Guangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material Engineering, Guangzhou, 510055, China
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15
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Redl M, Shayegan A, Rollinger JM. Application of 3Rs in Caenorhabditis elegans Research for the Identification of Health-Promoting Natural Products. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:576-587. [PMID: 38843797 DOI: 10.1055/a-2254-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The average age of the population is increasing worldwide, which has a profound impact on our society. This leads to an increasing demand for medicines and requires the development of new strategies to promote health during the additional years. In the search for resources and therapeutics for improved health during an extended life span, attention has to be paid to environmental exposure and ecosystem burdens that inevitably emerge with the extended consumption of medicines and drug development, even in the preclinical stage. The hereby introduced sustainable strategy for drug discovery is built on 3Rs, "R: obustness, R: eliability, and saving R: esources", inspired by both the 3Rs used in animal experiments and environmental protection, and centers on the usefulness and the variety of the small model organism Caenorhabditis elegans for detecting health-promoting natural products. A workflow encompassing a multilevel screening approach is presented to maximize the amount of information on health-promoting samples, while considering the 3Rs. A detailed, methodology- and praxis-oriented compilation and discussion of proposed C. elegans health span assays and more disease-specific assays are presented to offer guidance for scientists intending to work with C. elegans, thus facilitating the initial steps towards the integration of C. elegans assays in their laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Redl
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anusha Shayegan
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Roohi TF, Faizan S, Shaikh MF, Krishna KL, Mehdi S, Kinattingal N, Arulsamy A. Beyond drug discovery: Exploring the physiological and methodological dimensions of zebrafish in diabetes research. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:847-872. [PMID: 38279951 PMCID: PMC11140176 DOI: 10.1113/ep091587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is now considered a global epidemic. Chronic diabetes conditions include type 1 and type 2 diabetes, both of which are normally irreversible. As a result of long-term uncontrolled high levels of glucose, diabetes can progress to hyperglycaemic pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, among many other complications. The complete mechanism underlying diabetes remains unclear due to its complexity. In this scenario, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have arisen as a versatile and promising animal model due to their good reproducibility, simplicity, and time- and cost-effectiveness. The Zebrafish model allows us to make progress in the investigation and comprehension of the root cause of diabetes, which in turn would aid in the development of pharmacological and surgical approaches for its management. The current review provides valuable reference information on zebrafish models, from the first zebrafish diabetes models using genetic, disease induction and chemical approaches, to the newest ones that further allow for drug screening and testing. This review aims to update our knowledge related to diabetes mellitus by gathering the most authoritative studies on zebrafish as a chemical, dietary and insulin induction, and genetic model for diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of PharmacologyJSS College of PharmacyJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysuruKarnatakaIndia
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryJSS College of PharmacyJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysuruKarnatakaIndia
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- School of Dentistry and Medical SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityOrangeNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kamsagara Linganna Krishna
- Department of PharmacologyJSS College of PharmacyJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysuruKarnatakaIndia
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of PharmacologyJSS College of PharmacyJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysuruKarnatakaIndia
| | - Nabeel Kinattingal
- Department of PharmacologyJSS College of PharmacyJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysuruKarnatakaIndia
| | - Alina Arulsamy
- Neuropharmacology Research LaboratoryJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia
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17
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Jia H, Chang Y, Song J. The pig as an optimal animal model for cardiovascular research. Lab Anim (NY) 2024; 53:136-147. [PMID: 38773343 DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a worldwide health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Preclinical cardiovascular research using animals is needed to explore potential targets and therapeutic options. Compared with rodents, pigs have many advantages, with their anatomy, physiology, metabolism and immune system being more similar to humans. Here we present an overview of the available pig models for cardiovascular diseases, discuss their advantages over other models and propose the concept of standardized models to improve translation to the clinical setting and control research costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China.
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18
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Rui Y, Zhang X, Min X, Xie H, Ma X, Geng F, Liu R. Unlocking renal Restoration: Mesaconine from Aconitum plants restore mitochondrial function to halt cell apoptosis in acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112170. [PMID: 38691919 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a sudden decline in renal function. Traditional Chinese medicine has employed Fuzi for kidney diseases; however, concerns about neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity have constrained its clinical use. This study explored mesaconine, derived from processed Fuzi, as a promising low-toxicity alternative for AKI treatment. In this study, we assessed the protective effects of mesaconine in gentamicin (GM)-induced NRK-52E cells and AKI rat models in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Mesaconine promotes the proliferation of damaged NRK-52E cells and down-regulates intracellular transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) to promote renal cell repair. Concurrently, mesaconine restored mitochondrial morphology and permeability transition pores, reversed the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, mitigated mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased ATP production, inhibited inflammatory factor release, and reduced early apoptosis rates. In vivo, GM-induced AKI rat models exhibited elevated AKI biomarkers, in which mesaconine was effectively reduced, indicating improved renal function. Mesaconine enhanced superoxide dismutase activity, reduced malondialdehyde content, alleviated inflammatory infiltrate, mitigated tubular and glomerular lesions, and downregulated NF-κB (nuclear factor-κb) p65 expression, leading to decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β (interleukin-1β) levels in GM-induced AKI animals. Furthermore, mesaconine inhibited the expression of renal pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved-caspase 9, and cleaved-caspase 3) and induced the release of the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2, further suppressing apoptosis. This study highlighted the therapeutic potential of mesaconine in GM-induced AKI. Its multifaceted mechanisms, including the restoration of mitochondrial dysfunction, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and apoptosis mitigation, make mesaconine a promising candidate for further exploration in AKI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Xiumeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Xinran Min
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Hongxiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Xiuying Ma
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Animals, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Funeng Geng
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Animals, Sichuan 611137, China; Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical, Guizhou 510000, China.
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
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19
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Pagani E, Ropke CD, Soares CM, Perez SAC, Benevides PJC, Barbosa BS, Carvalho ACB, Behrens MD. Technology Readiness Level Roadmap for Developing Innovative Herbal Medicinal Products. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:703. [PMID: 38931370 PMCID: PMC11206302 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the vast global botanical diversity, the pharmaceutical development of herbal medicinal products (HMPs) remains underexploited. Of over 370,000 described plant species, only a few hundred are utilized in HMPs. Most of these have originated from traditional use, and only a minority come from megadiverse countries. Exploiting the pharmacological synergies of the hundreds of compounds found in poorly studied plant species may unlock new therapeutic possibilities, enhance megadiverse countries' scientific and socio-economic development, and help conserve biodiversity. However, extensive constraints in the development process of HMPs pose significant barriers to transforming this unsatisfactory socio-economic landscape. This paper proposes a roadmap to overcome these challenges, based on the technology readiness levels (TRLs) introduced by NASA to assess the maturity of technologies. It aims to assist research entities, manufacturers, and funding agencies from megadiverse countries in the discovery, development, and global market authorization of innovative HMPs that comply with regulatory standards from ANVISA, EMA, and FDA, as well as WHO and ICH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Pagani
- Medical Department, Azidus Brasil, Valinhos 13271-130, SP, Brazil
- Centroflora Group, Innovation Department, Campinas 06460-040, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Mota Soares
- Project Management Office, Vice Direction of Education, Research and Innovation, Institute of Drug Technology Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sandra Aurora Chavez Perez
- Project Management Office, Vice Direction of Education, Research and Innovation, Institute of Drug Technology Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Cecilia Bezerra Carvalho
- GMESP, Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), Brasília 71205-050, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria Dutra Behrens
- Natural Products Department, Vice Direction of Education, Research and Innovation, Institute of Drug Technology Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
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20
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Dowling P, Gargan S, Zweyer M, Henry M, Meleady P, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Proteomic reference map for sarcopenia research: mass spectrometric identification of key muscle proteins located in the sarcomere, cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. Eur J Transl Myol 2024; 34:12564. [PMID: 38787300 PMCID: PMC11264229 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2024.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia of old age is characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and concomitant decrease in contractile strength. Age-related skeletal muscle dysfunctions play a key pathophysiological role in the frailty syndrome and can result in a drastically diminished quality of life in the elderly. Here we have used mass spectrometric analysis of the mouse hindlimb musculature to establish the muscle protein constellation at advanced age of a widely used sarcopenic animal model. Proteomic results were further analyzed by systems bioinformatics of voluntary muscles. In this report, the proteomic survey of aged muscles has focused on the expression patterns of proteins involved in the contraction-relaxation cycle, membrane cytoskeletal maintenance and the formation of the extracellular matrix. This includes proteomic markers of the fast versus slow phenotypes of myosin-containing thick filaments and actin-containing thin filaments, as well as proteins that are associated with the non-sarcomeric cytoskeleton and various matrisomal layers. The bioanalytical usefulness of the newly established reference map was demonstrated by the comparative screening of normal versus dystrophic muscles of old age, and findings were verified by immunoblot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare.
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare.
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn.
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin.
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin.
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn.
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare.
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21
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Matye D, Leak J, Woolbright BL, Taylor JA. Preclinical models of bladder cancer: BBN and beyond. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00885-9. [PMID: 38769130 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical modelling is a crucial component of advancing the understanding of cancer biology and therapeutic development. Several models exist for understanding the pathobiology of bladder cancer and evaluating therapeutics. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN)-induced bladder cancer is a commonly used model that recapitulates many of the features of human disease. Particularly in mice, BBN is a preferred laboratory model owing to a high level of reproducibility, high genetic fidelity to the human condition, and its relative ease of use. However, important aspects of the model are often overlooked in laboratory studies. Moreover, the advent of new models has yielded a variety of methodologies that complement the use of BBN. Toxicokinetics, histopathology, molecular genetics and sex can differ between available models and are important factors to consider in bladder cancer modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Matye
- School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Juliann Leak
- School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Benjamin L Woolbright
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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22
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Pan R, Lin C, Yang X, Xie Y, Gao L, Yu L. The influence of spheroid maturity on fusion dynamics and micro-tissue assembly in 3D tumor models. Biofabrication 2024; 16:035016. [PMID: 38663395 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture has been used in many fields of biology because of its unique advantages. As a representative of the 3D systems, 3D spheroids are used as building blocks for tissue construction. Larger tumor aggregates can be assembled by manipulating or stacking the tumor spheroids. The motivation of this study is to investigate the behavior of the cells distributed at different locations of the spheroids in the fusion process and the mechanism behind it. To this aim, spheroids with varying grades of maturity or age were generated for fusion to assemble micro-tumor tissues. The dynamics of the fusion process, the motility of the cells distributed in different heterogeneous architecture sites, and their reactive oxygen species profiles were studied. We found that the larger the spheroid necrotic core, the slower the fusion rate of the spheroid. The cells that move were mainly distributed on the spheroid's surface during fusion. In addition to dense microfilament distribution and low microtubule content, the reactive oxygen content was high in the fusion site, while the non-fusion site was the opposite. Last, multi-spheroids with different maturities were fused to complex micro-tissues to mimic solid tumors and evaluate Doxorubicin's anti-tumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyu Lin
- Institute for Developmental and Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Gao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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23
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Pasdelou MP, Byelyayeva L, Malmström S, Pucheu S, Peytavy M, Laullier H, Hodges DB, Tzafriri AR, Naert G. Ototoxicity: a high risk to auditory function that needs to be monitored in drug development. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1379743. [PMID: 38756707 PMCID: PMC11096496 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1379743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss constitutes a major global health concern impacting approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide. Its incidence is undergoing a substantial surge with some projecting that by 2050, a quarter of the global population will experience varying degrees of hearing deficiency. Environmental factors such as aging, exposure to loud noise, and the intake of ototoxic medications are implicated in the onset of acquired hearing loss. Ototoxicity resulting in inner ear damage is a leading cause of acquired hearing loss worldwide. This could be minimized or avoided by early testing of hearing functions in the preclinical phase of drug development. While the assessment of ototoxicity is well defined for drug candidates in the hearing field - required for drugs that are administered by the otic route and expected to reach the middle or inner ear during clinical use - ototoxicity testing is not required for all other therapeutic areas. Unfortunately, this has resulted in more than 200 ototoxic marketed medications. The aim of this publication is to raise awareness of drug-induced ototoxicity and to formulate some recommendations based on available guidelines and own experience. Ototoxicity testing programs should be adapted to the type of therapy, its indication (targeting the ear or part of other medications classes being potentially ototoxic), and the number of assets to test. For multiple molecules and/or multiple doses, screening options are available: in vitro (otic cell assays), ex vivo (cochlear explant), and in vivo (in zebrafish). In assessing the ototoxicity of a candidate drug, it is good practice to compare its ototoxicity to that of a well-known control drug of a similar class. Screening assays provide a streamlined and rapid method to know whether a drug is generally safe for inner ear structures. Mammalian animal models provide a more detailed characterization of drug ototoxicity, with a possibility to localize and quantify the damage using functional, behavioral, and morphological read-outs. Complementary histological measures are routinely conducted notably to quantify hair cells loss with cochleogram. Ototoxicity studies can be performed in rodents (mice, rats), guinea pigs and large species. However, in undertaking, or at the very least attempting, all preclinical investigations within the same species, is crucial. This encompasses starting with pharmacokinetics and pharmacology efficacy studies and extending through to toxicity studies. In life read-outs include Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and Distortion Product OtoAcoustic Emissions (DPOAE) measurements that assess the activity and integrity of sensory cells and the auditory nerve, reflecting sensorineural hearing loss. Accurate, reproducible, and high throughput ABR measures are fundamental to the quality and success of these preclinical trials. As in humans, in vivo otoscopic evaluations are routinely carried out to observe the tympanic membrane and auditory canal. This is often done to detect signs of inflammation. The cochlea is a tonotopic structure. Hair cell responsiveness is position and frequency dependent, with hair cells located close to the cochlea apex transducing low frequencies and those at the base transducing high frequencies. The cochleogram aims to quantify hair cells all along the cochlea and consequently determine hair cell loss related to specific frequencies. This measure is then correlated with the ABR & DPOAE results. Ototoxicity assessments evaluate the impact of drug candidates on the auditory and vestibular systems, de-risk hearing loss and balance disorders, define a safe dose, and optimize therapeutic benefits. These types of studies can be initiated during early development of a therapeutic solution, with ABR and otoscopic evaluations. Depending on the mechanism of action of the compound, studies can include DPOAE and cochleogram. Later in the development, a GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) ototoxicity study may be required based on otic related route of administration, target, or known potential otic toxicity.
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24
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Bossini L, Sessa A. Need of orthogonal approaches in neurological disease modeling in mouse. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1399953. [PMID: 38756706 PMCID: PMC11096479 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1399953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the years, advancements in modeling neurological diseases have revealed innovative strategies aimed at gaining deeper insights and developing more effective treatments for these complex conditions. However, these progresses have recently been overshadowed by an increasing number of failures in clinical trials, raising doubts about the reliability and translatability of this type of disease modeling. This mini-review does not aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in disease mouse modeling. Instead, it offers a brief excursus over some recent approaches in modeling neurological diseases to pinpoint a few intriguing strategies applied in the field that may serve as sources of inspiration for improving currently available animal models. In particular, we aim to guide the reader toward the potential success of adopting a more orthogonal approach in the study of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Bossini
- Neuroepigenetics Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- “Vita e Salute” San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sessa
- Neuroepigenetics Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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25
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Liu Y, Koch JC, Arregui L, Oune A, Bodenstein S, Gutierrez-Wing MT, Tiersch TR. Exploring pathways toward open-hardware ecosystems to safeguard genetic resources for biomedical research communities using aquatic model species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2024; 342:278-290. [PMID: 38185943 PMCID: PMC11099901 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Development of reliable germplasm repositories is critical for preservation of genetic resources of aquatic species, which are widely utilized to support biomedical innovation by providing a foundational source for naturally occurring variation and development of new variants through genetic manipulations. A significant barrier in repository development is the lack of cryopreservation capability and reproducibility across the research community, posing great risks of losing advances developed from billions of dollars of research investment. The emergence of open scientific hardware has fueled a new movement across biomedical research communities. With the increasing accessibility of consumer-level fabrication technologies, such as three-dimensional printers, open hardware devices can be custom designed, and design files distributed to community members for enhancing rigor, reproducibility, and standardization. The overall goal of this review is to explore pathways to create open-hardware ecosystems among the communities using aquatic model resources for biomedical research. To gain feedback and insights from community members, an interactive workshop focusing on open-hardware applications in germplasm repository development was held at the 2022 Aquatic Models for Human Disease Conference, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. This work integrates conceptual strategies with practical insights derived from workshop interactions using examples of germplasm repository development. These insights can be generalized for establishment of open-hardware ecosystems for a broad biomedical research community. The specific objectives were to: (1) introduce an open-hardware ecosystem concept to support biomedical research; (2) explore pathways toward open-hardware ecosystems through four major areas, and (3) identify opportunities and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jack C Koch
- Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lucía Arregui
- Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Allyssa Oune
- Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sarah Bodenstein
- Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Maria T Gutierrez-Wing
- Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Terrence R Tiersch
- Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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26
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Żuchowska A, Baranowska P, Flont M, Brzózka Z, Jastrzębska E. Review: 3D cell models for organ-on-a-chip applications. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1301:342413. [PMID: 38553129 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cultures do not fully reflect the human organs' physiology and the real effectiveness of the used therapy. Therefore, three-dimensional (3D) models are increasingly used in bioanalytical science. Organ-on-a-chip systems are used to obtain cellular in vitro models, better reflecting the human body's in vivo characteristics and allowing us to obtain more reliable results than standard preclinical models. Such 3D models can be used to understand the behavior of tissues/organs in response to selected biophysical and biochemical factors, pathological conditions (the mechanisms of their formation), drug screening, or inter-organ interactions. This review characterizes 3D models obtained in microfluidic systems. These include spheroids/aggregates, hydrogel cultures, multilayers, organoids, or cultures on biomaterials. Next, the methods of formation of different 3D cultures in Organ-on-a-chip systems are presented, and examples of such Organ-on-a-chip systems are discussed. Finally, current applications of 3D cell-on-a-chip systems and future perspectives are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Żuchowska
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Baranowska
- Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Flont
- Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Brzózka
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jastrzębska
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
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27
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Li X, Li W, Wang J, Wang Q, Liang M, Chen S, Ba W, Fang J. Establishment of a novel microfluidic co-culture system for simultaneous analysis of multiple indicators of gefitinib sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:279. [PMID: 38647729 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of gefitinib on colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear, but it has been reported that stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment may have an impact on drug sensitivity. Herein, we established a microfluidic co-culture system and explored the sensitivity of CRC cells co-cultured with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to gefitinib. The system consisted of a multichannel chip and a Petri dish. The chambers in the chip and dish were designed to continuously supply nutrients for long-term cell survival and create chemokine gradients for driving cell invasion without any external equipment. Using this system, the proliferation and invasiveness of cells were simultaneously evaluated by quantifying the area of cells and the migration distance of cells. In addition, the system combined with live cell workstation could evaluate the dynamic drug response of co-cultured cells and track individual cell trajectories in real-time. When CRC cells were co-cultured with CAFs, CAFs promoted CRC cell proliferation and invasion and reduced the sensitivity of cells to gefitinib through the exosomes secreted by CAFs. Furthermore, the cells that migrated out of the chip were collected, and EMT-related markers were determined by immunofluorescent and western blot assays. The results demonstrated that CAFs affected the response of CRC cells to gefitinib by inducing EMT, providing new ideas for further research on the resistance mechanism of gefitinib. This suggests that targeting CAFs or exosomes might be a new approach to enhance CRC sensitivity to gefitinib, and our system could be a novel platform for investigating the crosstalk between tumor cells and CAFs and understanding multiple biological changes of the tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Wanming Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Menghu Liang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Wei Ba
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Jin Fang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
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28
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Neves MM, Guerra RF, de Lima IL, Arrais TS, Guevara-Vega M, Ferreira FB, Rosa RB, Vieira MS, Fonseca BB, Sabino da Silva R, da Silva MV. Perspectives of FTIR as Promising Tool for Pathogen Diagnosis, Sanitary and Welfare Monitoring in Animal Experimentation Models: A Review Based on Pertinent Literature. Microorganisms 2024; 12:833. [PMID: 38674777 PMCID: PMC11052489 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a wide application in the literature of the use of the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. This basic tool has also proven to be efficient for detecting molecules associated with hosts and pathogens in infections, as well as other molecules present in humans and animals' biological samples. However, there is a crisis in science data reproducibility. This crisis can also be observed in data from experimental animal models (EAMs). When it comes to rodents, a major challenge is to carry out sanitary monitoring, which is currently expensive and requires a large volume of biological samples, generating ethical, legal, and psychological conflicts for professionals and researchers. We carried out a survey of data from the relevant literature on the use of this technique in different diagnostic protocols and combined the data with the aim of presenting the technique as a promising tool for use in EAM. Since FTIR can detect molecules associated with different diseases and has advantages such as the low volume of samples required, low cost, sustainability, and provides diagnostic tests with high specificity and sensitivity, we believe that the technique is highly promising for the sanitary and stress and the detection of molecules of interest of infectious or non-infectious origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Morais Neves
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory—LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-330, MG, Brazil; (M.M.N.); (R.F.G.); (I.L.d.L.); (T.S.A.); (F.B.F.)
| | - Renan Faria Guerra
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory—LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-330, MG, Brazil; (M.M.N.); (R.F.G.); (I.L.d.L.); (T.S.A.); (F.B.F.)
- Rodents Animal Facilities Complex, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
| | - Isabela Lemos de Lima
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory—LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-330, MG, Brazil; (M.M.N.); (R.F.G.); (I.L.d.L.); (T.S.A.); (F.B.F.)
| | - Thomas Santos Arrais
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory—LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-330, MG, Brazil; (M.M.N.); (R.F.G.); (I.L.d.L.); (T.S.A.); (F.B.F.)
| | - Marco Guevara-Vega
- Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostic and Nanotheranostics, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38408-100, MG, Brazil; (M.G.-V.); (R.S.d.S.)
| | - Flávia Batista Ferreira
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory—LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-330, MG, Brazil; (M.M.N.); (R.F.G.); (I.L.d.L.); (T.S.A.); (F.B.F.)
| | - Rafael Borges Rosa
- Rodents Animal Facilities Complex, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
| | - Mylla Spirandelli Vieira
- Faculty of Medicine, Maria Ranulfa Institute, Av. Vasconselos Costa 321, Uberlândia 38400-448, MG, Brazil;
| | | | - Robinson Sabino da Silva
- Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostic and Nanotheranostics, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38408-100, MG, Brazil; (M.G.-V.); (R.S.d.S.)
| | - Murilo Vieira da Silva
- Biotechnology in Experimental Models Laboratory—LABME, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-330, MG, Brazil; (M.M.N.); (R.F.G.); (I.L.d.L.); (T.S.A.); (F.B.F.)
- Rodents Animal Facilities Complex, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
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29
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Park G, Rim YA, Sohn Y, Nam Y, Ju JH. Replacing Animal Testing with Stem Cell-Organoids : Advantages and Limitations. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10723-5. [PMID: 38639829 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Various groups including animal protection organizations, medical organizations, research centers, and even federal agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, are working to minimize animal use in scientific experiments. This movement primarily stems from animal welfare and ethical concerns. However, recent advances in technology and new studies in medicine have contributed to an increase in animal experiments throughout the years. With the rapid increase in animal testing, concerns arise including ethical issues, high cost, complex procedures, and potential inaccuracies.Alternative solutions have recently been investigated to address the problems of animal testing. Some of these technologies are related to stem cell technologies, such as organ-on-a-chip, organoids, and induced pluripotent stem cell models. The aim of the review is to focus on stem cell related methodologies, such as organoids, that can serve as an alternative to animal testing and discuss its advantages and limitations, alongside regulatory considerations.Although stem cell related methodologies has shortcomings, it has potential to replace animal testing. Achieving this requires further research on stem cells, with potential societal and technological benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyoung Park
- School of Biopharmaceutical and Medical Sciences, Health & Wellness College, Sungshin Women's University, 55, Dobong-ro 76ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeri Alice Rim
- CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 4 3, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeowon Sohn
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yoojun Nam
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- Yipscell Inc, L2 Omnibus Park, Banpo-dearo 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 4 3, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
- Yipscell Inc, L2 Omnibus Park, Banpo-dearo 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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30
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Huang KC, Chuang PY, Yang TY, Tsai YH, Li YY, Chang SF. Diabetic Rats Induced Using a High-Fat Diet and Low-Dose Streptozotocin Treatment Exhibit Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Osteoporotic Bone Pathologies. Nutrients 2024; 16:1220. [PMID: 38674910 PMCID: PMC11054352 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presents a challenge for individuals today, affecting their health and life quality. Besides its known complications, T2DM has been found to contribute to bone/mineral abnormalities, thereby increasing the vulnerability to bone fragility/fractures. However, there is still a need for appropriate diagnostic approaches and targeted medications to address T2DM-associated bone diseases. This study aims to investigate the relationship between changes in gut microbiota, T2DM, and osteoporosis. To explore this, a T2DM rat model was induced by combining a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin treatment. Our findings reveal that T2DM rats have lower bone mass and reduced levels of bone turnover markers compared to control rats. We also observe significant alterations in gut microbiota in T2DM rats, characterized by a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes (F) and Proteobacteria (P), but a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (B) at the phylum level. Further analysis indicates a correlation between the F/B ratio and bone turnover levels, as well as between the B/P ratio and HbA1c levels. Additionally, at the genus level, we observe an inverse correlation in the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae. These findings show promise for the development of new strategies to diagnose and treat T2DM-associated bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chin Huang
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (K.-C.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (Y.-H.T.); (Y.-Y.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City 61363, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yao Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (K.-C.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (Y.-H.T.); (Y.-Y.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City 61363, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Yang
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (K.-C.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (Y.-H.T.); (Y.-Y.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City 61363, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hung Tsai
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (K.-C.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (Y.-H.T.); (Y.-Y.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City 61363, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yao Li
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (K.-C.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (Y.-H.T.); (Y.-Y.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City 61363, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Research and Development, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City 61363, Taiwan
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Pose F, Videla C, Campanini G, Ciarrocchi N, Redelico FO. Using EEG total energy as a noninvasively tracking of intracranial (and cerebral perfussion) pressure in an animal model: A pilot study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28544. [PMID: 38601571 PMCID: PMC11004541 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to describe the total EEG energy during episodes of intracranial hypertension (IH) and evaluate its potential as a classification feature for IH. NEW METHODS We computed the sample correlation coefficient between intracranial pressure (ICP) and the total EEG energy. Additionally, a generalized additive model was employed to assess the relationship between arterial blood pressure (ABP), total EEG energy, and the odds of IH. RESULTS The median sample cross-correlation between total EEG energy and ICP was 0.7, and for cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) was 0.55. Moreover, the proposed model exhibited an accuracy of 0.70, sensitivity of 0.53, specificity of 0.79, precision of 0.54, F1-score of 0.54, and an AUC of 0.7. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS The only existing comparable methods, up to our knowledge, use 13 variables as predictor of IH, our model uses only 3, our model, as it is an extension of the generalized model is interpretable and it achieves the same performance. CONCLUSION These findings hold promise for the advancement of multimodal monitoring systems in neurocritical care and the development of a non-invasive ICP monitoring tool, particularly in resource-constrained environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pose
- Instituto de Medicina Translacional e Ingeniería Biomédica, CONICET-Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires - Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Potosi 4265, Buenos Aires, C1199ACL, Argentina
| | - Carlos Videla
- Servicio de Terapia Intensiva de Adultos, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, Buenos Aires, C1199ACL, Argentina
| | - Giovanni Campanini
- Instituto de Medicina Translacional e Ingeniería Biomédica, CONICET-Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires - Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Potosi 4265, Buenos Aires, C1199ACL, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Ciarrocchi
- Servicio de Terapia Intensiva de Adultos, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, Buenos Aires, C1199ACL, Argentina
| | - Francisco O. Redelico
- Instituto de Medicina Translacional e Ingeniería Biomédica, CONICET-Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires - Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Potosi 4265, Buenos Aires, C1199ACL, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Pcia de Buenos Aires, B1876BXD, Argentina
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Mariano CG, de Oliveira VC, Ambrósio CE. Gene editing in small and large animals for translational medicine: a review. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20230089. [PMID: 38628493 PMCID: PMC11019828 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a simpler and more versatile method compared to other engineered nucleases such as Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) and Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), and since its discovery, the efficiency of CRISPR-based genome editing has increased to the point that multiple and different types of edits can be made simultaneously. These advances in gene editing have revolutionized biotechnology by enabling precise genome editing with greater simplicity and efficacy than ever before. This tool has been successfully applied to a wide range of animal species, including cattle, pigs, dogs, and other small animals. Engineered nucleases cut the genome at specific target positions, triggering the cell's mechanisms to repair the damage and introduce a mutation to a specific genomic site. This review discusses novel genome-based CRISPR/Cas9 editing tools, methods developed to improve efficiency and specificity, the use of gene-editing on animal models and translational medicine, and the main challenges and limitations of CRISPR-based gene-editing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clésio Gomes Mariano
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Cristina de Oliveira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
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Fuller J, Lefferts KS, Shah P, Cottrell JA. Methodology and Characterization of a 3D Bone Organoid Model Derived from Murine Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4225. [PMID: 38673812 PMCID: PMC11050018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we report on the development of a cost-effective, well-characterized three-dimensional (3D) model of bone homeostasis derived from commonly available stocks of immortalized murine cell lines and laboratory reagents. This 3D murine-cell-derived bone organoid model (3D-mcBOM) is adaptable to a range of contexts and can be used in conjunction with surrogates of osteoblast and osteoclast function to study cellular and molecular mechanisms that affect bone homeostasis in vitro or to augment in vivo models of physiology or disease. The 3D-mcBOM was established using a pre-osteoblast murine cell line, which was seeded into a hydrogel extracellular matrix (ECM) and differentiated into functional osteoblasts (OBs). The OBs mineralized the hydrogel ECM, leading to the deposition and consolidation of hydroxyapatite into bone-like organoids. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that the mineralized matrix formed in the 3D-mcBOM was bone. The histological staining of 3D-mcBOM samples indicated a consistent rate of ECM mineralization. Type I collagen C-telopeptide (CTX1) analysis was used to evaluate the dynamics of OC differentiation and activity. Reliable 3D models of bone formation and homeostasis align with current ethical trends to reduce the use of animal models. This functional model of bone homeostasis provides a cost-effective model system using immortalized cell lines and easily procured supplemental compounds, which can be assessed by measuring surrogates of OB and OC function to study the effects of various stimuli in future experimental evaluations of bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jessica A. Cottrell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA; (J.F.); (K.S.L.); (P.S.)
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Jannot M, Attal JP, Marteleur VL, Le-Goff S, Colombier ML, Gouze H, Dursun E, Brun A, François P. Perceptions regarding the use of a three-dimensionally-printed manufactured educational simulator for periodontal treatment of intraosseous and interradicular lesions. J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38572587 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Treating intraosseous lesions (IOLs) and interradicular bone lesions (IRLs) is an extremely technical dental procedure in periodontics. Instrumentation of these lesions is often perceived as difficult by students and inexperienced dentists before they perform a certain number of procedures on patients in the clinic. The aim of this article is to evaluate a cost-effective three-dimensional (3D)-printed educational simulator for the periodontal treatment of IOLs/IRLs (including scaling, incisions and sutures). METHODS The simulators were first developed digitally, and then manufactured using printable resins and specific materials; finally, they were assembled using different bonding systems. To evaluate the simulators, assessments were gathered from two target populations: undergraduate students and periodontics experts. These individuals tested the simulator and completed a cross-sectional questionnaire based on a Likert scale with comparative and pedagogical items scored from one to five. The purpose of the questionnaire was to compare our simulator to clinical reality (i.e., operation on human jaws) and to an animal simulator (i.e., simulation of porcine jaws). The results are expressed as the mean and standard deviation and were statistically analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS Overall, the results were satisfactory for both groups of testers (4.70 and 4.61 out of five for students and experts, respectively, for global satisfaction). CONCLUSIONS The overall educational relevance of the simulator designed herein highlights the fact that 3D-printed educational simulators could enable efficient cognitive-functional learning for clinical IOL/IRL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Jannot
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Attal
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Le Marteleur
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Le-Goff
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Colombier
- Division of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Helene Gouze
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, CESP-INSERM, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Elisabeth Dursun
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Adrian Brun
- Division of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Philippe François
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Shen J, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Lu C, Cao J, Chen M, Zheng B, Yang J. Simulation training of laparoscopic biliary-enteric anastomosis with a three-dimensional-printed model leads to better skill transfer: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Surg 2024; 110:2134-2140. [PMID: 38466083 PMCID: PMC11019998 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
AIM A new simulation model and training curriculum for laparoscopic bilioenteric anastomosis has been developed. Currently, this concept lacks evidence for the transfer of skills from simulation to clinical settings. This study was conducted to determine whether training with a three-dimensional (3D) bilioenteric anastomosis model result in greater transfer of skills than traditional training methods involving video observation and a general suture model. METHODS Fifteen general surgeons with no prior experience in laparoscopic biliary-enteric anastomosis were included in this study and randomised into three training groups: video observation only, practice using a general suture model, and practice using a 3D-printed biliary-enteric anastomosis model. Following five training sessions, each surgeon was asked to perform a laparoscopic biliary-enteric anastomosis procedure on an isolated swine organ model. The operative time and performance scores of the procedure were recorded and compared among the three training groups. RESULTS The operation time in the 3D-printed model group was significantly shorter than the suture and video observation groups ( P =0.040). Furthermore, the performance score of the 3D-printed model group was significantly higher than those of the suture and video observation groups ( P =0.001). Finally, the goal score for laparoscopic biliary-enteric anastomosis in the isolated swine organ model was significantly higher in the 3D model group than in the suture and video observation groups ( P =0.004). CONCLUSIONS The utilisation of a novel 3D-printed model for simulation training in laparoscopic biliary-enteric anastomosis facilitates improved skill acquisition and transferability to an animal setting compared with traditional training techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Jiasheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Bin Zheng
- Surgical Simulation Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
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Hong Y, Xu H, Liu Y, Zhu S, Tian C, Chen G, Zhu F, Tao L. DDID: a comprehensive resource for visualization and analysis of diet-drug interactions. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae212. [PMID: 38711369 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-drug interactions (DDIs) are pivotal in drug discovery and pharmacovigilance. DDIs can modify the systemic bioavailability/pharmacokinetics of drugs, posing a threat to public health and patient safety. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a platform to reveal the correlation between diets and drugs. Accordingly, we have established a publicly accessible online platform, known as Diet-Drug Interactions Database (DDID, https://bddg.hznu.edu.cn/ddid/), to systematically detail the correlation and corresponding mechanisms of DDIs. The platform comprises 1338 foods/herbs, encompassing flora and fauna, alongside 1516 widely used drugs and 23 950 interaction records. All interactions are meticulously scrutinized and segmented into five categories, thereby resulting in evaluations (positive, negative, no effect, harmful and possible). Besides, cross-linkages between foods/herbs, drugs and other databases are furnished. In conclusion, DDID is a useful resource for comprehending the correlation between foods, herbs and drugs and holds a promise to enhance drug utilization and research on drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hongquan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Sisi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Gongxing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Affiliated Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 330110, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Li Z, Niu K, Zhou C, Wang F, Lu K, Liu Y, Xuan L, Wang X. Multifunctional cardiac microphysiological system based on transparent ITO electrodes for simultaneous optical measurement and electrical signal monitoring. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1903-1917. [PMID: 38385159 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00908d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a significant contributor to drug recalls, primarily attributed to limitations in existing drug screening platforms. Traditional heart-on-a-chip platforms often employ metallic electrodes to record cardiomyocyte electrical signals. However, this approach hinders direct cardiomyocyte morphology observation and typically yields limited functionality. Consequently, this limitation may lead to an incomplete understanding of cardiomyocyte characteristics. To address these challenges, we introduce a multifunctional cardiac microphysiological system featuring transparent indium tin oxide electrodes. This innovative design aims to overcome the limitations of conventional heart-on-a-chip systems where metal electrodes interfere with the observation of cells and increase the difficulty of subsequent image processing of cell images. In addition to facilitating optical measurement combined with image processing capabilities, this system integrates a range of electrodes with diverse functionalities. These electrodes can realize cellular electrical stimulation, field potential monitoring, and impedance change tracking, enabling a comprehensive investigation of various cardiomyocyte traits. To demonstrate its versatility, we investigate the effects of four cardiac drugs with distinct pharmacological profiles on cardiomyocytes using this system. This platform provides a means for quantitatively and predictively assessing cardiac toxicity, which could be applied to conduct a comprehensive evaluation during the drug discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjie Li
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Kai Niu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Chenyang Zhou
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Feifan Wang
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Kangyi Lu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yijun Liu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Lian Xuan
- Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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Marriott AE, Casewell NR, Lilley E, Gutiérrez JM, Ainsworth S. Improving in vivo assays in snake venom and antivenom research: A community discussion. F1000Res 2024; 13:192. [PMID: 38708289 PMCID: PMC11066530 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.148223.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
On the 26 th January 2023, a free to attend, 'improving in vivo snake venom research: a community discussion' meeting was held virtually. This webinar brought together researchers from around the world to discuss current neutralisation of venom lethality mouse assays that are used globally to assess the efficacy of therapies for snakebite envenoming. The assay's strengths and weaknesses were highlighted, and we discussed what improvements could be made to refine and reduce animal testing, whilst supporting preclinical antivenom and drug discovery for snakebite envenoming. This report summarises the issues highlighted, the discussions held, with additional commentary on key perspectives provided by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Marriott
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, L3 5RF, UK
- Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Nicholas R Casewell
- Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Elliot Lilley
- National Centre for the Replacement, Reduction and Refinement of Animals in Research, London, NW1 2BE, UK
| | - José-María Gutiérrez
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Stuart Ainsworth
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, L3 5RF, UK
- Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
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Lai L, Xie L, Chen Y, Du W, Yang X, Liu W, Shangguan P, Xu J, Lan P. The establishment and evaluation of a swine model of deinagkistrodon acutus snakebite envenomation. Toxicon 2024; 241:107683. [PMID: 38460604 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a preclinical large-animal model of Deinagkistrodon acutus snakebite envenomation and evaluate its feasibility. METHODS The venom of D. acutus (0 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, or 10 mg/kg) was injected into the left biceps femoris of 11 male pigs. Then, the circumferences of the limbs were regularly measured, and changes in muscle injury biomarkers, blood parameters, coagulation function, vital organ function and injury biomarkers were regularly detected. At 24 h after venom injection, the animals were euthanized, and the pathological damage to the vital organs mentioned above was evaluated. RESULTS The two pigs receiving 10 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg snake venom died at 8 h and 12 h after injection, respectively. The remaining pigs were equally divided into 0 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, and 2 mg/kg snake venom groups, and all of them survived to 24 h after injection. Compared with the pigs receiving 0 mg/kg snake venom, the pigs receiving 1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg snake venom exhibited significant abnormities, including limb swelling; increased muscle injury biomarker creatine kinase (CK) and coagulation function indicators prothrombin time and D-dimer; and decreased blood routine indicator platelet and coagulation function indicator fibrinogen. Moreover, significant abnormalities in myocardial and cerebral function and injury biomarkers in the heart, brain, liver, kidney and intestine were also observed. In particular, the abnormalities mentioned above were significantly obvious in those pigs receiving 2 mg/kg snake venom. Pathological evaluation revealed that the morphology of muscle, heart, brain, liver, kidney, and intestine in those pigs receiving 0 mg/kg snake venom was normal; however, pathological damage was observed in those pigs receiving 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg snake venom. Similarly, the pathological damage was more severe in those pigs receiving 2 mg/kg snake venom. CONCLUSION The intramuscular injection of 2 mg/kg D. acutus venom seems to be an optimal dose for examining the preclinical efficacy of existing and novel therapeutics for treating D. acutus envenomation in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Lai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
| | - Lutao Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
| | - Wang Du
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
| | - Xuelin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
| | - Wanjuan Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
| | - Peixin Shangguan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
| | - Jiefeng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Pin Lan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
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Ai Y, Peng K, Li C, Zhang J, Wang G, Wang B, Huang E. Assessment of Reference Genes Stability in Cortical Bone of Obese and Diabetic Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1081-1091. [PMID: 38455760 PMCID: PMC10917645 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s453458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone, a pivotal structural organ, is susceptible to disorders with profound health implications. The investigation of gene expression in bone tissue is imperative, particularly within the context of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes that augment the susceptibility to bone fractures. The objective of this study is to identify a set of internal control genes for the analysis of gene expression. Methods This study employs reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to assess gene expression in bone tissue. We selected fourteen housekeeping genes and assessed their stability in the cortical bone of mouse models for obesity and diabetes using four well-established algorithms (GeNorm, BestKeeper, NormFinder, and the comparative Delta Ct method). Results and Conclusion We identified Rpl13a as the mostly stably expressed reference gene in cortical bone tissue from mouse models of obesity and diabetes (db/db), while Gapdh was found to be the most stable reference gene in another diabetes model, KKAy mice. Additionally, Ef1a, Ppia, Rplp0, and Rpl22 were identified as alternative genes suitable for normalizing gene expression in cortical bone from obesity and diabetes mouse models. These findings enhance RT-qPCR accuracy and reliability, offering a strategic guide to select reference gene for studying bone tissue gene expression in metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Ai
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Peng
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunli Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enyi Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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41
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Wiegand C, Fink S, Mogrovejo DC, Ruhlandt M, Wiencke V, Eberlein T, Brill FHH, Tittelbach J. A standardized wound infection model for antimicrobial testing of wound dressings in vitro. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14811. [PMID: 38477866 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents against wound infections, experiments using either 2D cultures with planktonic microorganisms or animal infection models are frequently carried out. However, the transferability of the results to human skin is limited by the lack of complexity of the 2D models or by the poor translation of the results from animal models. Hence, there is a need for wound infection models capable of assessing antimicrobial agents. In this study, an easily standardized wound infection model was established. This model consists of a mechanically wounded human skin model on a collagen matrix infected with various clinically relevant bacteria. Infection of the model led to recognition of the pathogens and induction of an inflammatory response. The untreated infection spread over time, causing significant tissue damage. By applying an antimicrobial-releasing wound dressing, the bacterial load could be reduced and the success of the treatment could be further measured by a decrease in the inflammatory reaction. In conclusion, this wound infection model can be used to evaluate new antimicrobial therapeutics as well as to study host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sarah Fink
- Department of Dermatology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Diana C Mogrovejo
- Dr. Brill + Partner GmbH, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marina Ruhlandt
- Dr. Brill + Partner GmbH, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Wiencke
- Dr. Brill + Partner GmbH, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Florian H H Brill
- Dr. Brill + Partner GmbH, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Tittelbach
- Department of Dermatology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Mulder PPG, Hooijmans CR, Vlig M, Middelkoop E, Joosten I, Koenen HJPM, Boekema BKHL. Kinetics of Inflammatory Mediators in the Immune Response to Burn Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:669-696.e10. [PMID: 37806443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Burns are often accompanied by a dysfunctional immune response, which can lead to systemic inflammation, shock, and excessive scarring. The objective of this study was to provide insight into inflammatory pathways associated with burn-related complications. Because detailed information on the various inflammatory mediators is scattered over individual studies, we systematically reviewed animal experimental data for all reported inflammatory mediators. Meta-analyses of 352 studies revealed a strong increase in cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, particularly 19 mediators in blood and 12 in burn tissue. Temporal kinetics showed long-lasting surges of proinflammatory cytokines in blood and burn tissue. Significant time-dependent effects were seen for IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and CCL2. The response of anti-inflammatory mediators was limited. Burn technique had a profound impact on systemic response levels. Large burn size and scalds further increased systemic, but not local inflammation. Animal characteristics greatly affected inflammation, for example, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were highest in young, male rats. Time-dependent effects and dissimilarities in response demonstrate the importance of appropriate study design. Collectively, this review presents a general overview of the burn-induced immune response exposing inflammatory pathways that could be targeted through immunotherapy for burn patients and provides guidance for experimental set-ups to advance burn research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick P G Mulder
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Carlijn R Hooijmans
- Meta-Research Team, Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Vlig
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Middelkoop
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Tissue Function and Regeneration, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J P M Koenen
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bouke K H L Boekema
- Preclinical Research, Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Pu F, Guo H, Shi D, Chen F, Peng Y, Huang X, Liu J, Zhang Z, Shao Z. The generation and use of animal models of osteosarcoma in cancer research. Genes Dis 2024; 11:664-674. [PMID: 37692517 PMCID: PMC10491873 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor affecting children and adolescents. Currently, the most common treatment is surgery combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Although the survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma has improved in recent years, it remains poor when the tumor(s) progress and distant metastases develop. Therefore, better animal models that more accurately replicate the natural progression of the disease are needed to develop improved prognostic and diagnostic markers, as well as targeted therapies for both primary and metastatic osteosarcoma. The present review described animal models currently being used in research investigating osteosarcoma, and their characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. These models may help elucidate the pathogenic mechanism(s) of osteosarcoma and provide evidence to support and develop clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Pu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (Wuhan No.1 Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Haoyu Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Deyao Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Fengxia Chen
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Jianxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
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Malaisé Y, Casale E, Pettes-Duler A, Cartier C, Gaultier E, Martins Breyner N, Houdeau E, Evariste L, Lamas B. Validating Enteroid-Derived Monolayers from Murine Gut Organoids for Toxicological Testing of Inorganic Particles: Proof-of-Concept with Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2635. [PMID: 38473881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Human exposure to foodborne inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) is a growing concern. However, identifying potential hazards linked to NP ingestion often requires long-term exposure in animals. Owing these constraints, intestinal organoids are a promising alternative to in vivo experiments; as such, an in vitro approach should enable a rapid and reliable assessment of the effects of ingested chemicals on the gut. However, this remains to be validated for inorganic substances. In our study, a transcriptomic analysis and immunofluorescence staining were performed to compare the effects of food-grade TiO2 (fg-TiO2) on enteroid-derived monolayers (EDMs) from murine intestinal organoids to the known impacts of TiO2 on intestinal epithelium. After their ability to respond to a pro-inflammatory cytokine cocktail was validated, EDMs were exposed to 0, 0.1, 1, or 10 µg fg-TiO2/mL for 24 h. A dose-related increase of the muc2, vilin 1, and chromogranin A gene markers of cell differentiation was observed. In addition, fg-TiO2 induced apoptosis and dose-dependent genotoxicity, while a decreased expression of genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides, and of genes related to tight junction function, was observed. These results validated the use of EDMs as a reliable model for the toxicity testing of foodborne NPs likely to affect the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Malaisé
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Eva Casale
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Pettes-Duler
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Christel Cartier
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Gaultier
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Natalia Martins Breyner
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Lauris Evariste
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Lamas
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
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Kaplan BLF, Hoberman AM, Slikker W, Smith MA, Corsini E, Knudsen TB, Marty MS, Sobrian SK, Fitzpatrick SC, Ratner MH, Mendrick DL. Protecting Human and Animal Health: The Road from Animal Models to New Approach Methods. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:251-266. [PMID: 38351072 PMCID: PMC10877708 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals and animal models have been invaluable for our current understanding of human and animal biology, including physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, and disease pathology. However, there are increasing concerns with continued use of animals in basic biomedical, pharmacological, and regulatory research to provide safety assessments for drugs and chemicals. There are concerns that animals do not provide sufficient information on toxicity and/or efficacy to protect the target population, so scientists are utilizing the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (the 3Rs) and increasing the development and application of new approach methods (NAMs). NAMs are any technology, methodology, approach, or assay used to understand the effects and mechanisms of drugs or chemicals, with specific focus on applying the 3Rs. Although progress has been made in several areas with NAMs, complete replacement of animal models with NAMs is not yet attainable. The road to NAMs requires additional development, increased use, and, for regulatory decision making, usually formal validation. Moreover, it is likely that replacement of animal models with NAMs will require multiple assays to ensure sufficient biologic coverage. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a balanced view of the current state of the use of animal models and NAMs as approaches to development, safety, efficacy, and toxicity testing of drugs and chemicals. Animals do not provide all needed information nor do NAMs, but each can elucidate key pieces of the puzzle of human and animal biology and contribute to the goal of protecting human and animal health. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Data from traditional animal studies have predominantly been used to inform human health safety and efficacy. Although it is unlikely that all animal studies will be able to be replaced, with the continued advancement in new approach methods (NAMs), it is possible that sometime in the future, NAMs will likely be an important component by which the discovery, efficacy, and toxicity testing of drugs and chemicals is conducted and regulatory decisions are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L F Kaplan
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Alan M Hoberman
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - William Slikker
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Mary Alice Smith
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Thomas B Knudsen
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - M Sue Marty
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Sonya K Sobrian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Suzanne C Fitzpatrick
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Marcia H Ratner
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Donna L Mendrick
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
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Yan S, Li H, Lin J, Chen H, Liu S, Diao H. An investigation of the perceptions of laboratory animal welfare issues among undergraduate and graduate veterinary students in southeastern China. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1335484. [PMID: 38410119 PMCID: PMC10894965 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1335484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal experiments have played a significant role in advancing scientific knowledge and enhancing people's quality of life. In order to better understand the opinions and knowledge of veterinary students in the domain of laboratory animal welfare and to explore and advance the teaching methods used in animal ethics education, a questionnaire was designed and used to conduct a survey among undergraduate and postgraduate students majoring in veterinary medicine. The survey encompassed various topics, such as students' level of knowledge about animal welfare, their perspectives on laboratory animals, their proficiency with animal experiments, and their opinions on teaching methods and content. The respondents were a total of 150 undergraduate students and 148 graduate students. The survey results indicated that most students expressed a strong sense of responsibility for the safeguarding of the welfare of experimental animals. However, there were a few students who lacked compassion for animals. Additionally, there was a general lack of basic theoretical knowledge of animal ethics and an inadequate grasp of experimental techniques among current students. Furthermore, most of the participants expressed a strong sense of responsibility to advocate for animal welfare. Although a substantial number of students were unaware of the existence of agencies for the supervision of work involving laboratory animals, they supported teaching and supervision in the domain of animal welfare and were open to various teaching methods and topics of content. In conclusion, targeted training and education regarding laboratory animal welfare and ethics should be conducted in the future to address the specific needs of students. This study provides a foundation for future animal welfare education and will help to improve the professional skills and humanistic qualities of veterinary students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Prevention and Control of Fujian-Nepal, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Prevention and Control of Fujian-Nepal, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Prevention and Control of Fujian-Nepal, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Prevention and Control of Fujian-Nepal, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Prevention and Control of Fujian-Nepal, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongxiu Diao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Prevention and Control of Fujian-Nepal, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Troutman AD, Arroyo E, Sheridan EM, D'Amico DJ, Brandt PR, Hinrichs R, Chen X, Lim K, Avin KG. Skeletal muscle atrophy in clinical and preclinical models of chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:21-35. [PMID: 38062879 PMCID: PMC10834351 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are often regarded as experiencing wasting of muscle mass and declining muscle strength and function, collectively termed sarcopenia. The extent of skeletal muscle wasting in clinical and preclinical CKD populations is unclear. We evaluated skeletal muscle atrophy in preclinical and clinical models of CKD, with multiple sub-analyses for muscle mass assessment methods, CKD severity, sex and across the different preclinical models of CKD. We performed a systematic literature review of clinical and preclinical studies that measured muscle mass/size using the following databases: Ovid Medline, Embase and Scopus. A random effects meta-analysis was utilized to determine standard mean difference (SMD; Hedges' g) between healthy and CKD. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic. Preclinical study quality was assessed via the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation and clinical studies quality was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020180737) prior to initiation of the search. A total of 111 studies were included in this analysis using the following subgroups: 106 studies in the primary CKD analysis, 18 studies that accounted for diabetes and 7 kidney transplant studies. Significant atrophy was demonstrated in 78% of the preclinical studies and 49% of the clinical studies. The random effects model demonstrated a medium overall SMD (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.52-0.64) when combining clinical and preclinical studies, a medium SMD for the clinical population (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.42-0.55; all stages) and a large SMD for preclinical CKD (SMD = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.76-1.14). Further sub-analyses were performed based upon assessment methods, disease status and animal model. Muscle atrophy was reported in 49% of the clinical studies, paired with small mean differences. Preclinical studies reported significant atrophy in 78% of studies, with large mean differences. Across multiple clinical sub-analyses such as severity of CKD, dialysis modality and diabetes, a medium mean difference was found. Sub-analyses in both clinical and preclinical studies found a large mean difference for males and medium for females suggesting sex-specific implications. Muscle atrophy differences varied based upon assessment method for clinical and preclinical studies. Limitations in study design prevented conclusions to be made about the extent of muscle loss with disease progression, or the impact of dialysis. Future work would benefit from the use of standardized measurement methods and consistent clinical staging to improve our understanding of atrophy changes in CKD progression, and analysis of biological sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley D Troutman
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eliott Arroyo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Sheridan
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Duncan J D'Amico
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Peyton R Brandt
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rachel Hinrichs
- University Library, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Xiwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Kenneth Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Keith G Avin
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Rizzo SM, Vergna LM, Alessandri G, Lee C, Fontana F, Lugli GA, Carnevali L, Bianchi MG, Barbetti M, Taurino G, Sgoifo A, Bussolati O, Turroni F, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. GH136-encoding gene (perB) is involved in gut colonization and persistence by Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14406. [PMID: 38271233 PMCID: PMC10884991 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are commensal microorganisms that typically inhabit the mammalian gut, including that of humans. As they may be vertically transmitted, they commonly colonize the human intestine from the very first day following birth and may persist until adulthood and old age, although generally at a reduced relative abundance and prevalence compared to infancy. The ability of bifidobacteria to persist in the human intestinal environment has been attributed to genes involved in adhesion to epithelial cells and the encoding of complex carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. Recently, a putative mucin-degrading glycosyl hydrolase belonging to the GH136 family and encoded by the perB gene has been implicated in gut persistence of certain bifidobacterial strains. In the current study, to better characterize the function of this gene, a comparative genomic analysis was performed, revealing the presence of perB homologues in just eight bifidobacterial species known to colonize the human gut, including Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum strains, or in non-human primates. Mucin-mediated growth and adhesion to human intestinal cells, in addition to a rodent model colonization assay, were performed using B. bifidum PRL2010 as a perB prototype and its isogenic perB-insertion mutant. These results demonstrate that perB inactivation reduces the ability of B. bifidum PRL2010 to grow on and adhere to mucin, as well as to persist in the rodent gut niche. These results corroborate the notion that the perB gene is one of the genetic determinants involved in the persistence of B. bifidum PRL2010 in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mirjam Rizzo
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Laura Maria Vergna
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Ciaran Lee
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience InstituteNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- GenProbio srlParmaItaly
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Luca Carnevali
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Margherita Barbetti
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Taurino
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Andrea Sgoifo
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience InstituteNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
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Wang H, Lu F, Tian Y, Zhang S, Han S, Fu Y, Li J, Feng P, Shi Z, Chen H, Hou H. Evaluation of toxicity of heated tobacco products aerosol and cigarette smoke to BEAS-2B cells based on 3D biomimetic chip model. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 94:105708. [PMID: 37806364 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
It is still a controversial topic about evaluating whether heated tobacco products (HTP) really reduce harm, which involves the choice of an experimental model. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic chip model was used to evaluate the toxicity of aerosols came from HTP and smoke produced by cigarettes (Cig). Based on cell-related experiments, we found that the toxicity of Cig smoke extract diluted four times was also much higher than that of undiluted HTP, showing higher oxidative stress response and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. Meanwhile, both tobacco products all affect the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), which is manifested by a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of TCA key rate-limiting enzymes. Summarily, 3D Biomimetic chip technology can be used as an ideal model to evaluate HTP. It can provide important data for tobacco risk assessment when 3D chip model was used. Our experimental results showed that HTP may be less harmful than tobacco cigarettes, but it does show significant cytotoxicity with the increase of dose. Therefore, the potential clinical effects of HTP on targeted organs such as lung should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjun Lu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yushan Tian
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Shulei Han
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
| | - Yaning Fu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
| | - Pengxia Feng
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Shi
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongwei Hou
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China.
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50
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Hasham MG, Sargent JK, Warner MA, Farley SR, Hoffmann BR, Stodola TJ, Brunton CJ, Munger SC. Methods to study xenografted human cancer in genetically diverse mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.23.576906. [PMID: 38328145 PMCID: PMC10849620 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.23.576906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Xenografting human cancer tissues into mice to test new cures against cancers is critical for understanding and treating the disease. However, only a few inbred strains of mice are used to study cancers, and derivatives of mainly one strain, mostly NOD/ShiLtJ, are used for therapy efficacy studies. As it has been demonstrated when human cancer cell lines or patient-derived tissues (PDX) are xenografted into mice, the neoplastic cells are human but the supporting cells that comprise the tumor (the stroma) are from the mouse. Therefore, results of studies of xenografted tissues are influenced by the host strain. We previously published that when the same neoplastic cells are xenografted into different mouse strains, the pattern of tumor growth, histology of the tumor, number of immune cells infiltrating the tumor, and types of circulating cytokines differ depending on the strain. Therefore, to better comprehend the behavior of cancer in vivo, one must xenograft multiple mouse strains. Here we describe and report a series of methods that we used to reveal the genes and proteins expressed when the same cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, is xenografted in different hosts. First, using proteomic analysis, we show how to use the same cell line in vivo to reveal the protein changes in the neoplastic cell that help it adapt to its host. Then, we show how different hosts respond molecularly to the same cell line. We also find that using multiple strains can reveal a more suitable host than those traditionally used for a "difficult to xenograft" PDX. In addition, using complex trait genetics, we illustrate a feasible method for uncovering the alleles of the host that support tumor growth. Finally, we demonstrate that Diversity Outbred mice, the epitome of a model of mouse-strain genetic diversity, can be xenografted with human cell lines or PDX using 2-deoxy-D-glucose treatment.
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