1
|
Borgia F, Li Pomi F, Alessandrello C, Vaccaro M, Gangemi S. Potential Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Skin Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12083043. [PMID: 37109379 PMCID: PMC10144013 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12083043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are lymphoid cells that are resident in mucosal tissues, especially the skin, which, once stimulated by epithelial cell-derived cytokines, release IL-5, IL-13, and IL-4, as the effectors of type 2 immune responses. This research aims to evaluate the role of ILC2s in the pathogenesis of skin diseases, with a particular focus on inflammatory cutaneous disorders, in order to also elucidate potential therapeutic perspectives. The research has been conducted in articles, excluding reviews and meta-analyses, on both animals and humans. The results showed that ILC2s play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of systemic skin manifestations, prognosis, and severity, while a potential antimelanoma role is emerging from the new research. Future perspectives could include the development of new antibodies targeting or stimulating ILC2 release. This evidence could add a new therapeutic approach to inflammatory cutaneous conditions, including allergic ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Borgia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Li Pomi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Clara Alessandrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kheradmand F, Zhang Y, Corry DB. Contribution of adaptive immunity to human COPD and experimental models of emphysema. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1059-1093. [PMID: 36201635 PMCID: PMC9886356 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the undisputed role of innate immune cells in this condition have dominated the field in the basic research arena for many years. Recently, however, compelling data suggesting that adaptive immune cells may also contribute to the progressive nature of lung destruction associated with COPD in smokers have gained considerable attention. The histopathological changes in the lungs of smokers can be limited to the large or small airways, but alveolar loss leading to emphysema, which occurs in some individuals, remains its most significant and irreversible outcome. Critically, however, the question of why emphysema progresses in a subset of former smokers remained a mystery for many years. The recognition of activated and organized tertiary T- and B-lymphoid aggregates in emphysematous lungs provided the first clue that adaptive immune cells may play a crucial role in COPD pathophysiology. Based on these findings from human translational studies, experimental animal models of emphysema were used to determine the mechanisms through which smoke exposure initiates and orchestrates adaptive autoreactive inflammation in the lungs. These models have revealed that T helper (Th)1 and Th17 subsets promote a positive feedback loop that activates innate immune cells, confirming their role in emphysema pathogenesis. Results from genetic studies and immune-based discoveries have further provided strong evidence for autoimmunity induction in smokers with emphysema. These new findings offer a novel opportunity to explore the mechanisms underlying the inflammatory landscape in the COPD lung and offer insights for development of precision-based treatment to halt lung destruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - David B Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu Y, Su J, Zhang P, Deng M, Wu R, Liu Y, Su Y, Li S. The dysregulation of circulating innate lymphoid cells is related to autoantibodies in pemphigus vulgaris. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109921. [PMID: 36841156 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a typical autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are non-antigen-dependent populations composed of different subsets, also known as "mirror cells" of T cells, which play a crucial role in immune inflammatory diseases. However, the characteristics of ILCs in PV are unclear. METHODS Patients diagnosed with PV along with healthy controls in Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were studied. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of ILC subsets in the peripheral blood. Anti-desmoglein (DSG) 1 and anti-DSG3 antibody levels of PV patients were detected. RESULTS Thirty-eight PV patients and 37 healthy controls were enrolled. There were no differences in sex or age between the two groups. Compared with controls, ILCs/CD45+ lymphocytes were significantly decreased in patients with PV. The frequency of ILC1s increased in patients with PV and was positively correlated with anti-DSG3 antibodies. However, the frequency of ILC3s decreased in patients with PV and was negatively correlated with anti-DSG1 antibodies. After methylprednisolone treatment, ILC1/ILC levels significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS Circulating ILC subsets are associated with PV pathogenesis. Upregulated ILC1s seem to correlate positively with PV severity and can be restored after treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jian Su
- School of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ruifang Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yidan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yuwen Su
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Siying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu M, Li C, Yang J, Ye A, Yan L, Yeoh BS, Shi L, Kim YS, Kang J, Vijay-Kumar M, Xiong N. Activation of CD81 + skin ILC2s by cold-sensing TRPM8 + neuron-derived signals maintains cutaneous thermal homeostasis. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabe0584. [PMID: 35714201 PMCID: PMC9327500 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As the outermost barrier tissue of the body, the skin harbors a large number of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) that help maintain local homeostasis in the face of changing environments. How skin-resident ILCs are regulated and function in local homeostatic maintenance is poorly understood. We here report the discovery of a cold-sensing neuron-initiated pathway that activates skin group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) to help maintain thermal homeostasis. In stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) knockout mice whose skin is defective in heat maintenance, chronic cold stress induced excessive activation of CCR10-CD81+ST2+ skin ILC2s and associated inflammation. Mechanistically, stimulation of the cold-sensing receptor TRPM8 expressed in sensory neurons of the skin led to increased production of IL-18, which, in turn, activated skin ILC2s to promote thermogenesis. Our findings reveal a neuroimmune link that regulates activation of skin ILC2s to support thermal homeostasis and promotes skin inflammation after hyperactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA,Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China
Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Amy Ye
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Liping Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of
Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Lai Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yu Shin Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial surgery, University
of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio,
TX 78229
| | - Joonsoo Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts
Medical School, Albert Sherman Center Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of
Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA,Department of Medicine-Division of Dermatology and
Cutaneous Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San
Antonio, TX 78229, USA,Correspondence to N.X.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pelletier A, Stockmann C. The Metabolic Basis of ILC Plasticity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:858051. [PMID: 35572512 PMCID: PMC9099248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.858051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) are the innate counterpart of adaptive lymphoid T cells. They are key players in the regulation of tissues homeostasis and early inflammatory host responses. ILCs are divided into three groups, and further subdivided into five subsets, that are characterised by distinct transcription factors, surface markers and their cytokine expression profiles. Group 1 ILCs, including natural killer (NK) cells and non-NK cell ILC1s, express T-bet and produce IFN-γ. Group 2 ILCs depend on GATA3 and produce IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Group 3 ILCs, composed of ILC3s and Lymphoid Tissue Inducer (LTi) cells, express RORγt and produce IL-17 and IL-22. Even though, the phenotype of each subset is well defined, environmental signals can trigger the interconversion of phenotypes and the plasticity of ILCs, in both mice and humans. Several extrinsic and intrinsic drivers of ILC plasticity have been described. However, the changes in cellular metabolism that underlie ILC plasticity remain largely unexplored. Given that metabolic changes critically affect fate and effector function of several immune cell types, we, here, review recent findings on ILC metabolism and discuss the implications for ILC plasticity.
Collapse
|
6
|
Das A, Harly C, Ding Y, Bhandoola A. ILC Differentiation from Progenitors in the Bone Marrow. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1365:7-24. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8387-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
7
|
Tissue-resident immunity in the female and male reproductive tract. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:785-799. [PMID: 35488095 PMCID: PMC9053558 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The conception of how the immune system is organized has been significantly challenged over the last years. It became evident that not all lymphocytes are mobile and recirculate through secondary lymphoid organs. Instead, subsets of immune cells continuously reside in tissues until being reactivated, e.g., by a recurring pathogen or other stimuli. Consequently, the concept of tissue-resident immunity has emerged, and substantial evidence is now available to support its pivotal function in maintaining tissue homeostasis, sensing challenges and providing antimicrobial protection. Surprisingly, insights on tissue-resident immunity in the barrier tissues of the female reproductive tract are sparse and only slowly emerging. The need for protection from vaginal and amniotic infections, the uniqueness of periodic tissue shedding and renewal of the endometrial barrier tissue, and the demand for a tailored decidual immune adaptation during pregnancy highlight that tissue-resident immunity may play a crucial role in distinct compartments of the female reproductive tract. This review accentuates the characteristics of tissue-resident immune cells in the vagina, endometrium, and the decidua during pregnancy and discusses their functional role in modulating the risk for infertility, pregnancy complications, infections, or cancer. We here also review data published to date on tissue-resident immunity in the male reproductive organs, which is still a largely uncharted territory.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu T, Zhao Y, Zhang P, Shao Y, He J, Xue P, Zheng W, Qu W, Jia X, Zhou Z, Lu R, He M, Zhang Y. Lead Impairs the Development of Innate Lymphoid Cells by Impeding the Differentiation of Their Progenitors. Toxicol Sci 2021; 176:410-422. [PMID: 32428222 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal toxic to the immune system, yet the influence of Pb on innate lymphoid cells (ILC) remains to be defined. In this study, we found that occupationally relevant level of Pb exposure impaired ILC development at the progenitor level by activating Janus Kinase1. C57BL/6 mice treated with 1250 ppm, but not 125 ppm Pb acetic via drinking water for 8 weeks had reduced number of mature ILC, which was not caused by increased apoptosis or suppressed proliferation. Conversely, Pb increased the number of innate lymphoid cell progenitors (ILCP) in the bone marrow. The discordant observation indicated that an obstruction of ILCP differentiation into mature ILC during Pb exposure existed. Pb directly acted on ILCP to suppress their proliferation, indicating that ILCP were less activated during Pb exposure. Reciprocal ILCP transplantation assay confirmed that Pb impeded the differentiation of ILCP into mature ILC, as ILCP gave rise to fewer mature ILC in Pb-treated recipients compared with control recipients. In vitro assays suggested that the obstruction of ILCP differentiation by Pb exposure was due to increased activation of Janus Kinase1. Thus, Pb impeded ILCP differentiation into mature ILC to result in an accumulation of ILCP in the bone marrow and the resultant decreased number of mature ILC in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues in mice. Moreover, by analyses of ILC and ILCP in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of human subjects occupationally exposed to Pb, we revealed that Pb might also impede the development of ILC in human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinyi He
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Xue
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weidong Qu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaodong Jia
- Shanghai Chemical Industry Park Medical Center, Shanghai 201507, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongzhu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Miao He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ghaedi M, Takei F. Innate lymphoid cell development. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:1549-1560. [PMID: 33965092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) mainly reside at barrier surfaces and regulate tissue homeostasis and immunity. ILCs are divided into 3 groups, group 1 ILCs, group 2 ILCs, and group 3 ILC3, on the basis of their similar effector programs to T cells. The development of ILCs from lymphoid progenitors in adult mouse bone marrow has been studied in detail, and multiple ILC progenitors have been characterized. ILCs are mostly tissue-resident cells that develop in the perinatal period. More recently, ILC progenitors have also been identified in peripheral tissues. In this review, we discuss the stepwise transcription factor-directed differentiation of mouse ILC progenitors into mature ILCs, the critical time windows in ILC development, and the contribution of bone marrow versus tissue ILC progenitors to the pool of mature ILCs in tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghaedi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fumio Takei
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Terry Fox Laboratory, B.C. Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The recognition that IL-17 is produced by many lymphoid-like cells other than CD4+ T helper (Th17) cells raises the potential for new pathogenic pathways in IBD/psoriasis/SpA. We review recent knowledge concerning the role of unconventional and conventional lymphocytes expressing IL-17 in human PsA and axSpA. RECENT FINDINGS Innate-like lymphoid cells, namely gamma delta (γδ) T-cells, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, together with innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are found at sites of disease in PsA/SpA. These cells are often skewed to Type-17 profiles and may significantly contribute to IL-17 production. Non-IL-23 dependent IL-17 production pathways, utilising cytokines such as IL-7 and IL-9, also characterise these cells. Both conventional CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes show pathogenic phenotypes at sites of disease. A variety of innate-like lymphoid cells and conventional lymphocytes contribute towards IL-17-mediated pathology in PsA/SpA. The responses of these cells to non-conventional immune and non-immune stimuli may explain characteristic clinical features of these diseases and potential therapeutic mechanisms of therapies such as Jak inhibitors.
Collapse
|
11
|
van de Pavert SA. Lymphoid Tissue inducer (LTi) cell ontogeny and functioning in embryo and adult. Biomed J 2021; 44:123-132. [PMID: 33849806 PMCID: PMC8178546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC) are involved in homeostasis and immunity. Their dynamic differentiation and characterization depend on their tissue of residency and is adapted to their role within these tissues. Lymphoid Tissue inducer (LTi) cells are an ILC member and essential for embryonic lymph node (LN) formation. LNs are formed at pre-defined and strategic positions throughout the body and how LTi cells are initially attracted towards these areas is under debate. Besides their role in LN formation, LTi-like and the closely related ILC type 3 (ILC3) cells have been observed within the embryonic gut. New studies have now shown more information on their origin and differentiation within the embryo. This review will evaluate the embryonic LTi cell origin from a specific embryonic hemogenic wave, which has recently been described in mouse. Moreover, I will discuss their differentiation and similarities with the closely related ILC3 cells in embryo and adult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge A van de Pavert
- Aix-Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rethacker L, Roelens M, Bejar C, Maubec E, Moins-Teisserenc H, Caignard A. Specific Patterns of Blood ILCs in Metastatic Melanoma Patients and Their Modulations in Response to Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061446. [PMID: 33810032 PMCID: PMC8004602 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic melanoma patients, leading to durable responses. However, some patients still not respond to this clinically used immunotherapies and there is a lack of biomarkers leading to the choice of first-line therapies. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) express immune checkpoint receptors and are involved in anti-melanoma immune response. The aim of this article is to study ILCs from peripheral blood of melanoma patients receiving Ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA-4 treatment, and their association with clinical responses to this therapy. Our results show an impact of Ipilimumab on ILCs proportions and phenotype in blood. Moreover, the presence of anergic CD56dimCD16−DNAM-1− NK cells were associated with progression of the disease. These findings demonstrate the important role of ILC in the response to ICI. Abstract Immunotherapy targeting immune checkpoint receptors brought a breakthrough in the treatment of metastatic melanoma patients. However, a number of patients still resist these immunotherapies. Present on CD8+T cells, immune checkpoint receptors are expressed by innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which may contribute to the clinical response. ILCs are composed of natural killer (NK) cells, which are cytotoxic effectors involved in tumor immunosurveillance. NK cell activation is regulated by a balance between activating receptors that detect stress molecules on tumor cells and HLA-I-specific inhibitory receptors. Helper ILCs (h-ILCs) are newly characterized ILCs that secrete cytokines and regulate the immune homeostasis of tissue. We investigated the modulation of blood ILCs in melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab. Circulating ILCs from metastatic stage IV melanoma patients and healthy donors were studied for their complete phenotypic status. Patients were studied before and at 3, 6, and 12 weeks of ipilimumab treatment. A comparison of blood ILC populations from donors and melanoma patients before treatment showed changes in proportions of ILC subsets, and a significant inverse correlation of CD56dim NK cells and h-ILC subsets was identified in patients. During treatment with ipilimumab, percentages of all ILC subsets were reduced. Ipilimumab also impacted the expression of the CD96/TIGIT/DNAM-1 pathway in all ILCs and increased CD161 and CTLA-4 expression by h-ILCs. When considering the response to the treatment, patients without disease control were characterized by higher percentages of CD56bright NK cells and ILC1. Patients with disease control displayed larger populations of activated CD56dimCD16+ DNAM-1+ NK cells, while anergic CD56dimCD16−DNAM-1− NK cells were prominent in patients without disease control. These results provide original findings on the distribution of ILC subsets in advanced melanoma patients and their modulation through immunotherapy. The effects of ipilimumab on these ILC subsets may critically influence therapeutic outcomes. These data indicate the importance of considering these innate cell subsets in immunotherapeutic strategies for melanoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Rethacker
- INSERM UMRS1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France; (L.R.); (M.R.)
| | - Marie Roelens
- INSERM UMRS1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France; (L.R.); (M.R.)
| | - Claudia Bejar
- Dermatology department, AP-HP Hôpital Avicenne and University Paris 13, 93008 Bobigny, France; (C.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Eve Maubec
- Dermatology department, AP-HP Hôpital Avicenne and University Paris 13, 93008 Bobigny, France; (C.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Hélène Moins-Teisserenc
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, AP-HP hopital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Anne Caignard
- INSERM UMRS1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France; (L.R.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-4249-4889; Fax: +33-1-4238-5345
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tufa DM, Yingst AM, Trahan GD, Shank T, Jones D, Shim S, Lake J, Winkler K, Cobb L, Woods R, Jones K, Verneris MR. Human innate lymphoid cell precursors express CD48 that modulates ILC differentiation through 2B4 signaling. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:eaay4218. [PMID: 33219153 PMCID: PMC8294935 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aay4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) develop from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), which further differentiate into the common ILC progenitor (CILP) that can give rise to both ILCs and natural killer (NK) cells. Murine ILC intermediates have recently been characterized, but the human counterparts and their developmental trajectories have not yet been identified, largely due to the lack of homologous surface receptors in both organisms. Here, we show that human CILPs (CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin-) acquire CD48 and CD52, which define NK progenitors (NKPs) and ILC precursors (ILCPs). Two distinct NK cell subsets were generated in vitro from CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin-CD48-CD52+ and CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin-CD48+CD52+ NKPs, respectively. Independent of NKPs, ILCPs exist in the CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin-CD48+CD52+ subset and give rise to ILC1s, ILC2s, and NCR+ ILC3s, whereas CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin-CD48+CD52- ILCPs give rise to a distinct subset of ILC3s that have lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi)-like properties. In addition, CD48-expressing CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin- precursors give rise to tissue-associated ILCs in vivo. We also observed that the interaction of 2B4 with CD48 induced differentiation of ILC2s, and together, these findings show that expression of CD48 by human ILCPs modulates ILC differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dejene M Tufa
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ashley M Yingst
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - George Devon Trahan
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tyler Shank
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dallas Jones
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Seonhui Shim
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jessica Lake
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kevin Winkler
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Laura Cobb
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Renee Woods
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth Jones
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael R Verneris
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Apraiz A, Benedicto A, Marquez J, Agüera-Lorente A, Asumendi A, Olaso E, Arteta B. Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113177. [PMID: 33138017 PMCID: PMC7692065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the innate counterparts of adaptive immune cells. Emerging data indicate that they are also key players in the progression of multiple tumors. In this review we briefly describe ILCs’ functions in the skin, lungs and liver. Next, we analyze the role of ILCs in primary cutaneous melanoma and in its most frequent and deadly metastases, those in liver and lung. We focus on their dual anti– and pro-tumoral functions, depending on the cross-interactions among them and with the surrounding stromal cells that form the tumor microenvironment (TME) in each organ. Next, we detail the role of extracellular vesicles secreted to the TME by ILCs and melanoma on both cell populations. We conclude that the identification of markers and tools to allow the modulation of individual ILC subsets, in addition to the development of standardized protocols, is essential for addressing the therapeutic modulation of ILCs. Abstract The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in cancer progression has been uncovered in recent years. ILCs are classified as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 ILCs, which are characterized by the transcription factors necessary for their development and the cytokines and chemokines they produce. ILCs are a highly heterogeneous cell population, showing both anti– and protumoral properties and capable of adapting their phenotypes and functions depending on the signals they receive from their surrounding environment. ILCs are considered the innate counterparts of the adaptive immune cells during physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, and as such, ILC subsets reflect different types of T cells. In cancer, each ILC subset plays a crucial role, not only in innate immunity but also as regulators of the tumor microenvironment. ILCs’ interplay with other immune and stromal cells in the metastatic microenvironment further dictates and influences this dichotomy, further strengthening the seed-and-soil theory and supporting the formation of more suitable and organ-specific metastatic environments. Here, we review the present knowledge on the different ILC subsets, focusing on their interplay with components of the tumor environment during the development of primary melanoma as well as on metastatic progression to organs, such as the liver or lung.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Although, as the major organ of gas exchange, the lung is considered a nonlymphoid organ, an interconnected network of lung-resident innate cells, including epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells is crucial for its protection. These cells provide defense against a daily assault by airborne bacteria, viruses, and fungi, as well as prevent the development of cancer, allergy, and the outgrowth of commensals. Our understanding of this innate immune environment has recently changed with the discovery of a family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs): ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s. All lack adaptive antigen receptors but can provide a substantial and rapid source of IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-13, and IL-17A or IL-22, respectively. Their ability to afford immediate protection to the lung and to influence subsequent adaptive immune responses highlights the importance of understanding ILC-regulated immunity for the design of future therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian L Barlow
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge University, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH, United Kingdom;
| | - Andrew N J McKenzie
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge University, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Molecular characteristics and possible functions of innate lymphoid cells in the uterus and gut. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 52:15-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
17
|
Stabile H, Scarno G, Fionda C, Gismondi A, Santoni A, Gadina M, Sciumè G. JAK/STAT signaling in regulation of innate lymphoid cells: The gods before the guardians. Immunol Rev 2019; 286:148-159. [PMID: 30294965 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunity to pathogens is ensured through integration of early responses mediated by innate cells and late effector functions taking place after terminal differentiation of adaptive lymphocytes. In this context, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and adaptive T cells represent a clear example of how prototypical effector functions, including polarized expression of cytokines and/or cytotoxic activity, can occur with overlapping modalities but different timing. The ability of ILCs to provide early protection relies on their poised epigenetic state, which determines their propensity to quickly respond to cytokines and to activate specific patterns of signal-dependent transcription factors. Cytokines activating the Janus kinases (JAKs) and members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway are key regulators of lymphoid development and sustain the processes underlying T-cell activation and differentiation. The role of the JAK/STAT pathway has been recently extended to several aspects of ILC biology. Here, we discuss how JAK/STAT signals affect ILC development and effector functions in the context of immune responses, highlighting the molecular mechanisms involved in regulation of gene expression as well as the potential of targeting the JAK/STAT pathway in inflammatory pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Scarno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science Technology (OST), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wenink MH, Leijten EFA, Cupedo T, Radstake TRDJ. Review: Innate Lymphoid Cells: Sparking Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease? Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 69:885-897. [PMID: 28217945 DOI: 10.1002/art.40068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tom Cupedo
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Stamatiades EG, Li MO. Tissue-resident cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells in tumor immunosurveillance. Semin Immunol 2019; 41:101269. [PMID: 30904283 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphocytes play an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis at steady state and during inflammation. The population of innate lymphocytes is incredibly diverse and heterogeneous with the successive identification of new subsets including innate lymphoid cells that arise from progenitors distinct from those of natural killer cells. Although generally considered as T helper-like lymphocytes, innate lymphoid cells with cytotoxic potential can be identified in many tissues. The tissue-resident cytotoxic innate lymphocytes derived from innate lymphoid cell and/or natural killer cell lineages are well positioned in sensing malignant transformation and initiating antitumor immunity. This review provides an overview of innate lymphocyte biology and discuss their roles in tumor immunosurveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sciumè G, Fionda C, Stabile H, Gismondi A, Santoni A. Negative regulation of innate lymphoid cell responses in inflammation and cancer. Immunol Lett 2019; 215:28-34. [PMID: 30711614 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The immune system employs an array of effector cells to ensure tissue homeostasis and protection against pathogens. Lymphocytes belonging to both the adaptive and innate branches share several functions, comprising the ability to directly kill stressed or transformed cells, and to provide helper responses through specific production of cytokines. These properties are regulated by distinct sets of soluble molecules, receptors, and intracellular factors, which altogether tune the functional output of effector lymphocytes and their final activation state. In contrast to adaptive T cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) do not require antigen receptors and are characterized for their ability to provide rapid immune responses. While the factors underlying functional diversification and the main principles leading to ILC activation have been dissected, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying termination of ILC effector functions is still in its infancy. Herein, we discuss the recent findings describing how ILC responses are turned off in the context of inflammation and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Adel-Patient K, Lezmi G, Castelli FA, Blanc S, Bernard H, Soulaines P, Dumond P, Ah-Leung S, Lageix F, de Boissieu D, Cortes-Perez N, Hazebrouck S, Fenaille F, Junot C, Dupont C. Deep analysis of immune response and metabolic signature in children with food protein induced enterocolitis to cow's milk. Clin Transl Allergy 2018; 8:38. [PMID: 30275944 PMCID: PMC6161449 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-018-0224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) is considered to be a non-IgE mediated food allergy. However, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood and biomarkers are lacking. We aimed to perform in-depth characterization of humoral and cellular immune responses in children with cow’s milk (CM)-FPIES and investigated whether there is a FPIES metabolomic signature. Methods Children with CM-FPIES and control subjects with an IgE-mediated CM allergy (IgE-CMA), both avoiding CM, were recruited on the day of an oral food challenge. Blood samples were collected before the challenge. Total and specific levels of IgE, IgG1-4, IgA, IgM and IgD to various whey and casein allergens and to their gastroduodenal digestion products were measured in plasma, using plasma from CM-tolerant peanut allergic patients (IgE-PA, not avoiding CM) as additional controls. Cytokine secretion and cellular proliferation were analyzed after stimulation of PBMC with different CM allergens. Metabolomic profiles were obtained for plasma samples using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results Nine children with CM-FPIES and 12 control subjects (6 IgE-CMA and 6 IgE-PA) were included. In children with CM-FPIES, total Ig concentrations were lower than in control subjects, specific Ig against CM components were weak to undetectable, and no specific IgE against CM digestion products were detected. Moreover, in CM-FPIES patients, we did not find any Th cell proliferation or associated cytokine secretion after allergen reactivation, whereas such responses were clearly found in children with IgE-CMA. Plasma metabolic profiles were different between CM allergic patients, with significantly lower concentrations of various fatty acids and higher concentrations of primary metabolites such as amino acids in CM-FPIES compared to IgE-CMA patients. Conclusions In CM-FPIES, both humoral and cellular specific immune responses are weak or absent, and this is not related to CM avoidance. A metabolomic signature was identified in patients with CM-FPIES that may be useful for the diagnosis and management of this disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13601-018-0224-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Adel-Patient
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Lezmi
- 2APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Florence Anne Castelli
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sibylle Blanc
- 2APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France.,Nice Pediatric Hospital, CHU Lenval, 06200 Nice, France
| | - Hervé Bernard
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascale Soulaines
- 2APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pascale Dumond
- 3Pediatric Allergology Service, Hôpital d'Enfants, 54511 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Sandrine Ah-Leung
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florence Lageix
- 2APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Delphine de Boissieu
- 2APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Naima Cortes-Perez
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Stéphane Hazebrouck
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Fenaille
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christophe Junot
- 1Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christophe Dupont
- 2APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The Making of Hematopoiesis: Developmental Ancestry and Environmental Nurture. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072122. [PMID: 30037064 PMCID: PMC6073875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from studies of the behaviour of stem and progenitor cells and of the influence of cytokines on their fate determination, has recently led to a revised view of the process by which hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny give rise to the many different types of blood and immune cells. The new scenario abandons the classical view of a rigidly demarcated lineage tree and replaces it with a much more continuum-like view of the spectrum of fate options open to hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny. This is in contrast to previous lineage diagrams, which envisaged stem cells progressing stepwise through a series of fairly-precisely described intermediate progenitors in order to close down alternative developmental options. Instead, stem and progenitor cells retain some capacity to step sideways and adopt alternative, closely related, fates, even after they have “made a lineage choice.” The stem and progenitor cells are more inherently versatile than previously thought and perhaps sensitive to lineage guidance by environmental cues. Here we examine the evidence that supports these views and reconsider the meaning of cell lineages in the context of a continuum model of stem cell fate determination and environmental modulation.
Collapse
|
23
|
Reinhardt A, Prinz I. Whodunit? The Contribution of Interleukin (IL)-17/IL-22-Producing γδ T Cells, αβ T Cells, and Innate Lymphoid Cells to the Pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:885. [PMID: 29922283 PMCID: PMC5996894 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells, αβ T cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are capable of producing interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22. Among these three families of lymphocytes, it is emerging that γδ T cells are, at least in rodents, the main source of these key pro-inflammatory cytokines. γδ T cells were implicated in multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and uveitis, colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Recent findings pointed toward a central role of γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA), a group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases affecting the axial skeleton. SpA primarily manifests as inflammation and new bone formation at the entheses, which are connecting tendons or ligaments with bone. In SpA patients, joint inflammation is frequently accompanied by extra-articular manifestations, such as inflammatory bowel disease or psoriasis. In humans, genome-wide association studies could link the IL-23/IL-17 cytokine axis to SpA. Accordingly, antibodies targeting IL-23/IL-17 for SpA treatment already showed promising results in clinical studies. However, the contribution of IL-17-producing γδ T cells to SpA pathogenesis is certainly not an open-and-shut case. Indeed, the cell types that are chiefly involved in local inflammation in human SpA still remain largely unclear. Some studies focusing on blood or synovium from SpA patients reported augmented IL-17-producing and IL-23 receptor-expressing γδ T cells, but other cell types might contribute as well. Here, we summarize the current understanding of how γδ T cells, αβ T cells, and ILCs contribute to the pathogenesis of human and experimental SpA.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Interleukin-17/immunology
- Interleukin-17/metabolism
- Interleukins/immunology
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Spondylarthritis/immunology
- Interleukin-22
Collapse
|
24
|
Alabbas SY, Begun J, Florin TH, Oancea I. The role of IL-22 in the resolution of sterile and nonsterile inflammation. Clin Transl Immunology 2018; 7:e1017. [PMID: 29713472 PMCID: PMC5905349 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a broad sense, inflammation can be conveniently characterised by two phases: the first phase, which is a pro-inflammatory, has evolved to clear infection and/or injured tissue; and the second phase concerns regeneration of normal tissue and restitution of normal physiology. Innate immune cell-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines activate and recruit nonresident immune cells to the site of infection, thereby amplifying the inflammatory responses to clear infection or injury. This phase is followed by a cytokine milieu that promotes tissue regeneration. There is no absolute temporal distinction between these two phases, and cytokines may have dual pleiotropic effects depending on the timing of release, inflammatory microenvironment or concentrations. IL-22 is a cytokine with reported pro- and anti-inflammatory roles; in this review, we contend that this protein has primarily a function in restitution of normal tissue and physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Y Alabbas
- Faculty of MedicineSchool of Clinical MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Chronic Disease Biology and Care Group at Mater Research InstituteTranslational Research InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Chronic Disease Biology and Care Group at Mater Research InstituteTranslational Research InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Timothy H Florin
- Chronic Disease Biology and Care Group at Mater Research InstituteTranslational Research InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Iulia Oancea
- Faculty of MedicineSchool of Clinical MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Chronic Disease Biology and Care Group at Mater Research InstituteTranslational Research InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Salimi M, Wang R, Yao X, Li X, Wang X, Hu Y, Chang X, Fan P, Dong T, Ogg G. Activated innate lymphoid cell populations accumulate in human tumour tissues. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:341. [PMID: 29587679 PMCID: PMC5870240 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are part of a heterogeneous family of haematopoietic effector cells which lack re-arranged antigen-specific receptors. They promote host defense and contribute to tissue and metabolic homeostasis, wound healing and immune surveillance. Their role in human cancer immunity is less defined, and therefore we aimed to identify the frequency and phenotype of distinct ILC groups in various types of cancer. Methods Tissue samples and peripheral blood were collected from patients undergoing surgical resection of gastrointestinal and breast tumours. Single cell suspension of tumour tissue was immediately obtained following surgery using tumour dissociation. Results We observed significantly higher frequencies of ILC2 (p value: 0.04) in malignant breast cancer tissue and significantly higher frequencies of group 1 ILC (p value: 0.001) in malignant gastrointestinal tumours. Tumour infiltrating ILC were found to show an activated phenotype with higher expression of MHC-II, KLRG1, early activation marker CD69 and CD44. Conclusions Activated innate lymphoid cells infiltrate tumours dependent on tumour type and location. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4262-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salimi
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ruozheng Wang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunity and Radiotherapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Xi Li
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunity and Radiotherapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Yuhui Hu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunity and Radiotherapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xumei Chang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunity and Radiotherapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Peiwen Fan
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunity and Radiotherapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Tao Dong
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunity and Radiotherapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ürümqi, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences-Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Graham Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunity and Radiotherapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ürümqi, China. .,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences-Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Horsburgh S, Todryk S, Ramming A, Distler JH, O’Reilly S. Innate lymphoid cells and fibrotic regulation. Immunol Lett 2018; 195:38-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
27
|
Hartl D, Tirouvanziam R, Laval J, Greene CM, Habiel D, Sharma L, Yildirim AÖ, Dela Cruz CS, Hogaboam CM. Innate Immunity of the Lung: From Basic Mechanisms to Translational Medicine. J Innate Immun 2018; 10:487-501. [PMID: 29439264 DOI: 10.1159/000487057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract is faced daily with 10,000 L of inhaled air. While the majority of air contains harmless environmental components, the pulmonary immune system also has to cope with harmful microbial or sterile threats and react rapidly to protect the host at this intimate barrier zone. The airways are endowed with a broad armamentarium of cellular and humoral host defense mechanisms, most of which belong to the innate arm of the immune system. The complex interplay between resident and infiltrating immune cells and secreted innate immune proteins shapes the outcome of host-pathogen, host-allergen, and host-particle interactions within the mucosal airway compartment. Here, we summarize and discuss recent findings on pulmonary innate immunity and highlight key pathways relevant for biomarker and therapeutic targeting strategies for acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Hartl
- Department of Pediatrics I, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, .,Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases (I3) Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel,
| | - Rabindra Tirouvanziam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Julie Laval
- Department of Pediatrics I, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Catherine M Greene
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Habiel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Cory M Hogaboam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Das A, Harly C, Yang Q, Bhandoola A. Lineage specification in innate lymphocytes. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 42:20-26. [PMID: 29373198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are immune cells that lack specific antigen receptors but possess similar effector functions as T cells. Concordantly, ILCs express many transcription factors known to be important for T cell effector function. ILCs develop from lymphoid progenitors in fetal liver and adult bone marrow. However, the identification of ILC progenitor (ILCP) and other precursors in peripheral tissues raises the question of whether ILC development might occur at extramedullary sites. We discuss central and local generation in maintaining ILC abundance at peripheral sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arundhoti Das
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christelle Harly
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shah SV, Manickam C, Ram DR, Reeves RK. Innate Lymphoid Cells in HIV/SIV Infections. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1818. [PMID: 29326704 PMCID: PMC5733347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past several years, new populations of innate lymphocytes have been described in mice and primates that are critical for mucosal homeostasis, microbial regulation, and immune defense. Generally conserved from mice to humans, innate lymphoid cells (ILC) have been divided primarily into three subpopulations based on phenotypic and functional repertoires: ILC1 bear similarities to natural killer cells; ILC2 have overlapping functions with TH2 cells; and ILC3 that share many functions with TH17/TH22 cells. ILC are specifically enriched at mucosal surfaces and are possibly one of the earliest responders during viral infections besides being involved in the homeostasis of gut-associated lymphoid tissue and maintenance of gut epithelial barrier integrity. Burgeoning evidence also suggests that there is an early and sustained abrogation of ILC function and numbers during HIV and pathogenic SIV infections, most notably ILC3 in the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to disruption of the mucosal barrier and dysregulation of the local immune system. A better understanding of the direct or indirect mechanisms of loss and dysfunction will be critical to immunotherapeutics aimed at restoring these cells. Herein, we review the current literature on ILC with a particular emphasis on ILC3 and their role(s) in mucosal immunology and the significance of disrupting the ILC niche during HIV and SIV infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spandan V Shah
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cordelia Manickam
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel R Ram
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - R Keith Reeves
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sciumè G, Shih HY, Mikami Y, O'Shea JJ. Epigenomic Views of Innate Lymphoid Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1579. [PMID: 29250060 PMCID: PMC5715337 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) with selective production of cytokines typically attributed to subsets of T helper cells forces immunologists to reassess the mechanisms by which selective effector functions arise. The parallelism between ILCs and T cells extends beyond these two cell types and comprises other innate-like T lymphocytes. Beyond the recognition of specialized effector functionalities in diverse lymphocytes, features typical of T cells, such as plasticity and memory, are also relevant for innate lymphocytes. Herein, we review what we have learned in terms of the molecular mechanisms underlying these shared functions, focusing on insights provided by next generation sequencing technologies. We review data on the role of lineage-defining- and signal-dependent transcription factors (TFs). ILC regulomes emerge developmentally whereas the much of the open chromatin regions of T cells are generated acutely, in an activation-dependent manner. And yet, these regions of open chromatin in T cells and ILCs have remarkable overlaps, suggesting that though accessibility is acquired by distinct modes, the end result is that convergent signaling pathways may be involved. Although much is left to be learned, substantial progress has been made in understanding how TFs and epigenomic status contribute to ILC biology in terms of differentiation, specification, and plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Han-Yu Shih
- Lymphocyte and Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Lymphocyte and Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John J O'Shea
- Lymphocyte and Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Affect and emotion are defined as “an essential part of the process of an organism's interaction with stimuli.” Similar to affect, the immune response is the “tool” the body uses to interact with the external environment. Thanks to the emotional and immunological response, we learn to distinguish between what we like and what we do not like, to counteract a broad range of challenges, and to adjust to the environment we are living in. Recent compelling evidence has shown that the emotional and immunological systems share more than a similarity of functions. This review article will discuss the crosstalk between these two systems and the need for a new scientific area of research called affective immunology. Research in this field will allow a better understanding and appreciation of the immunological basis of mental disorders and the emotional side of immune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio D'Acquisto
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
López MC. Chronic alcohol consumption regulates the expression of poly immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) and secretory IgA in the gut. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 333:84-91. [PMID: 28843478 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ethanol (EtOH) on the gut immune system was analyzed using an experimental model previously described, where EtOH was provided ad libitum in the drinking water in a 20% w/v concentration for up to 12weeks. Dendritic cells, T cells and macrophages were analyzed in Peyer's patches and the small intestines using flow cytometry. Cytokine and immunoglobulin levels were analyzed in sera, feces, and homogenates from small and large intestines and lungs. Decreases in the proportion of T cells and alterations in dendritic cells and macrophages were observed after EtOH treatment. Levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) increased in tissue homogenates but decreased in small intestine fecal contents. Meanwhile poly-immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) levels decreased in tissue homogenates and fecal contents. Levels of cytokines associated with the regulation of pIgR expression decreased for IL-10 and TGF-β, and increased for IFN-γ and IL-17 in the small intestine. The data indicate that chronic EtOH consumption disrupts the homeostasis of the mucosal immune system by altering the phenotype and functionality of multiple immune cell types, leading to a diminished secretion of SIgA, due to pIgR expression decreased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María C López
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave., Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Izzo AA. Tuberculosis vaccines - perspectives from the NIH/NIAID Mycobacteria vaccine testing program. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 47:78-84. [PMID: 28750280 PMCID: PMC5626602 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel vaccine candidates against infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis has highlighted our limited understanding of immune mechanisms required to kill M. tuberculosis. The induction of a Th1 immunity is vital, but new studies are required to identify other mechanisms that may be necessary. Novel vaccines formulations that invoke effector cells such as innate lymphoid cells may provide an environment that promote effector mechanisms including T cell and B cell mediated immunity. Identifying pathways associated with killing this highly successful infectious agent has become critical to achieving the goal of reducing the global tuberculosis burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo A Izzo
- Colorado State University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, 1682 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
de Araújo EF, Feriotti C, Galdino NADL, Preite NW, Calich VLG, Loures FV. The IDO-AhR Axis Controls Th17/Treg Immunity in a Pulmonary Model of Fungal Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:880. [PMID: 28791025 PMCID: PMC5523665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In infectious diseases, the enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) that catalyzes the tryptophan (Trp) degradation along the kynurenines (Kyn) pathway has two main functions, the control of pathogen growth by reducing available Trp and immune regulation mediated by the Kyn-mediated expansion of regulatory T (Treg) cells via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, IDO1 was shown to control the disease severity of both resistant and susceptible mice to the infection; however, only in resistant mice, IDO1 is induced by TGF-β signaling that confers a stable tolerogenic phenotype to dendritic cells (DCs). In addition, in pulmonary PCM, the tolerogenic function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells was linked to the IDO1 activity. To further evaluate the function of IDO1 in pulmonary PCM, IDO1-deficient (IDO1-/-) C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally infected with P. brasiliensis yeasts and the infection analyzed at three postinfection periods regarding several parameters of disease severity and immune response. The fungal loads and tissue pathology of IDO1-/- mice were higher than their wild-type controls resulting in increased mortality rates. The evaluation of innate lymphoid cells showed an upregulated differentiation of the innate lymphoid cell 3 phenotype accompanied by a decreased expansion of ILC1 and NK cells in the lungs of infected IDO1-/- mice. DCs from these mice expressed elevated levels of costimulatory molecules and cytokine IL-6 associated with reduced production of IL-12, TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, and IL-10. This response was concomitant with a marked reduction in AhR production. The absence of IDO1 expression caused an increased influx of activated Th17 cells to the lungs with a simultaneous reduction in Th1 and Treg cells. Accordingly, the suppressive cytokines IL-10, TGF-β, IL-27, and IL-35 appeared in reduced levels in the lungs of IDO1-/- mice. In conclusion, the immunological balance mediated by the axis IDO/AhR is fundamental to determine the balance between Th17/Treg cells and control the severity of pulmonary PCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliseu Frank de Araújo
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Feriotti
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nycolas Willian Preite
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Garcia Calich
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávio Vieira Loures
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Crinier A, Viant C, Girard-Madoux M, Vivier É. Les cellules lymphoïdes innées. Med Sci (Paris) 2017; 33:534-542. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20173305018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|
36
|
Liu M, Zhang C. The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Immune-Mediated Liver Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:695. [PMID: 28659927 PMCID: PMC5468686 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently identified group of innate immune cells lacking antigen-specific receptors that can mediate immune responses and regulate tissue homeostasis and inflammation. ILCs comprise group 1 ILCs, group 2 ILCs, and group 3 ILCs. These ILCs usually localize at mucosal surfaces and combat pathogens by the rapid release of certain cytokines. However, the uncontrolled activation of ILCs can also lead to damaging inflammation, especially in the gut, lung, and skin. Although the physiological and pathogenic roles of ILCs in liver diseases have been attracting increasing attention recently, there has been no systematic review regarding the roles of ILCs in immune-mediated liver diseases. Here, we review the relationships between the ILC subsets and their functions in immune-mediated liver diseases, and discuss their therapeutic potential based on current knowledge about the functional roles of these cells in liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Immunopharmacology and Immunotherapy, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Immunopharmacology and Immunotherapy, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sciumè G, Le MT, Gadina M. HiJAKing Innate Lymphoid Cells? Front Immunol 2017; 8:438. [PMID: 28450869 PMCID: PMC5390009 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italy
| | - Mimi T Le
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science Technology (OST), NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science Technology (OST), NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gasteiger G, D'Osualdo A, Schubert DA, Weber A, Bruscia EM, Hartl D. Cellular Innate Immunity: An Old Game with New Players. J Innate Immun 2016; 9:111-125. [PMID: 28006777 DOI: 10.1159/000453397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is a rapidly evolving field with novel cell types and molecular pathways being discovered and paradigms changing continuously. Innate and adaptive immune responses are traditionally viewed as separate from each other, but emerging evidence suggests that they overlap and mutually interact. Recently discovered cell types, particularly innate lymphoid cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, are gaining increasing attention. Here, we summarize and highlight current concepts in the field, focusing on innate immune cells as well as the inflammasome and DNA sensing which appear to be critical for the activation and orchestration of innate immunity, and may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for treating autoimmune, autoinflammatory, and infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Gasteiger
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Freiburg, Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Moretta L, Locatelli F. Innate lymphoid cells in normal and disease: An introductory overview. Immunol Lett 2016; 179:1. [PMID: 27400678 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) represent a novel group of lymphocytes that, different from T and B-lymphocytes lack recombinant activating genes (RAG-1 or RAG-2) and thus do not express rearranged antigen-specific receptors. Members of this family, i.e. NK cells, have been known since long time, while the other ILCs have been discovered only in recent years, possibly because of their predominant localization in tissues, primarily in mucosal tissues, skin and mucosa-associated lymphoid organs. ILC have been grouped in three major subsets on the basis of their phenotypic and functional features as well as of their dependency on given transcription factors (TF). Briefly, ILC-1 are dependent on T-bet TF and produce interferon (IFN)-γ. Group 2 ILC (ILC2) express GATA-3 TF and produce IL-5, IL-4 and IL-13 (Type 2) cytokines while group 3 ILC (ILC3) express RORγt TF and produce IL-17 and IL-22. ILC provide early defenses against pathogens and intervene in the repair of damaged tissues. ILC activation is mediated by cytokines (specifically acting on different ILC groups) and/or by activating receptors that are, at least in part, the same that had been previously identified in NK cells [1].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Moretta
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Viale S. Paolo 15, 00146, Roma, Italy.
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Viale S. Paolo 15, 00146, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|