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Liu Q, Wu P, Lei J, Bai P, Zhong P, Yang M, Wei P. Old concepts, new tricks: How peptide vaccines are reshaping cancer immunotherapy? Int J Biol Macromol 2024:135541. [PMID: 39270889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, research on cancer immunotherapy has firmly established immune cells as key players in effective cancer treatment. Peptide vaccines directly targeting immune cells have demonstrated immense potential due to their specificity and applicability. However, developing peptide vaccines to generate tumor-reactive T cells remains challenging, primarily due to suboptimal immunogenicity and overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we discuss various elements of effective peptide vaccines, including antigen selection, peptide epitope optimization, vaccine adjuvants, and the combination of multiple immunotherapies, in addition to recent advances in tumor neoantigens as well as epitopes bound by non-classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, to increase the understanding of cancer peptide vaccines and provide multiple references for the design of subsequent T cell-based peptide vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Peihua Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jun Lei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Department of Clinical Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Bai
- In Vivo Pharmacology Unit, WuXi AppTec, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peiluan Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Min Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Pengcheng Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Kanneganti TD. Yin and Yang of innate immune cell death. Cell Res 2024:10.1038/s41422-024-01007-1. [PMID: 39060646 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-01007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiu Wang
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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3
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Su B, Ren Y, Yao W, Su Y, He Q. Mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome: key players in kidney stone formation. BJU Int 2024. [PMID: 38967108 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The mitochondrion serves as a critical intracellular organelle, engaging in essential roles in the regulation of energy production, oxidative stress management, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. One such disease that has been particularly associated with these functions is kidney stone disease (KSD), specifically calcium oxalate (CaOx). It is underpinned by oxidative stress and tissue inflammation. Recent studies have shed light on the vital involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction, the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent cell death in CaOx crystal retention and aggregation. These processes are pivotal in the pathogenesis of kidney stone formation. This review focuses on the pivotal roles of mitochondria in renal cell functions and provides an overview of the intricate interconnectedness between mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the context of KSD. It is essential to recognise the utmost significance of gaining a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that safeguard mitochondrial function and regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Such knowledge carries significant scientific implications and opens up promising avenues for the development of innovative strategies to prevent the formation of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Su
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Disease of Urological Systems, Gansu Nepho-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - YaLin Ren
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Disease of Urological Systems, Gansu Nepho-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical College Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Su
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiqi He
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Disease of Urological Systems, Gansu Nepho-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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4
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Lavelle EC, McEntee CP. Vaccine adjuvants: Tailoring innate recognition to send the right message. Immunity 2024; 57:772-789. [PMID: 38599170 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants play pivotal roles in vaccine development, enhancing immunization efficacy through prolonged retention and sustained release of antigen, lymph node targeting, and regulation of dendritic cell activation. Adjuvant-induced activation of innate immunity is achieved via diverse mechanisms: for example, adjuvants can serve as direct ligands for pathogen recognition receptors or as inducers of cell stress and death, leading to the release of immunostimulatory-damage-associated molecular patterns. Adjuvant systems increasingly stimulate multiple innate pathways to induce greater potency. Increased understanding of the principles dictating adjuvant-induced innate immunity will subsequently lead to programming specific types of adaptive immune responses. This tailored optimization is fundamental to next-generation vaccines capable of inducing robust and sustained adaptive immune memory across different cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ed C Lavelle
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Craig P McEntee
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Kinoshita M, Muranishi K, Kawaguchi K, Sudo K, Inoue K, Ishikura H, Sawa T. Immunological Response to Subcutaneous and Intranasal Administration of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:343. [PMID: 38675726 PMCID: PMC11053469 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the outbreak of acute lung injury due to trans-airway infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the starting point of severe disease. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need for a vaccine that prevents not only the disease but also its infection. Currently, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is administered via intramuscular injection and is generally not immunogenic to the mucosa. As a result, current vaccinations fail to reduce viral shedding and transmission and ultimately do not prevent infection. We established a mouse vaccine model in which a single dose of S1 protein and aluminum oxide gel (alum) subcutaneous vaccine was followed by a booster dose of S1 protein and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide intranasal vaccine. The group that received two doses of the intranasal vaccine booster showed a significant increase in IgG and IgA antibody titers against S1 and RBD in serum and BAL, and a significant difference in neutralizing antibody titers, particularly in BAL. One intranasal vaccine booster did not induce sufficient immunity, and the vaccine strategy with two booster intranasal doses produced systemic neutralizing antibodies and mucus-neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. It will be an important tool against the emergence of new viruses and the next pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Kinoshita
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.K.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Kentaro Muranishi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0133, Japan; (K.M.); (H.I.)
| | - Ken Kawaguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.K.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Kazuki Sudo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.K.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Keita Inoue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.K.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Hiroyasu Ishikura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0133, Japan; (K.M.); (H.I.)
| | - Teiji Sawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.K.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (T.S.)
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6
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Muranishi K, Kinoshita M, Inoue K, Ohara J, Mihara T, Sudo K, Ishii KJ, Sawa T, Ishikura H. Antibody Response Following the Intranasal Administration of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-CpG Oligonucleotide Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:5. [PMID: 38276664 PMCID: PMC10818492 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The new coronavirus infection causes severe respiratory failure following respiratory tract infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). All currently approved vaccines are administered intramuscularly; however, intranasal administration enhances mucosal immunity, facilitating the production of a less invasive vaccine with fewer adverse events. Herein, a recombinant vaccine combining the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), or S1 protein, with CpG-deoxyoligonucleotide (ODN) or aluminum hydroxide (alum) adjuvants was administered intranasally or subcutaneously to mice. Serum-specific IgG titers, IgA titers in the alveolar lavage fluid, and neutralizing antibody titers were analyzed. The nasal administration of RBD protein did not increase serum IgG or IgA titers in the alveolar lavage fluid. However, a significant increase in serum IgG was observed in the intranasal group administered with S1 protein with CpG-ODN and the subcutaneous group administered with S1 protein with alum. The IgA and IgG levels increased significantly in the alveolar lavage fluid only after the intranasal administration of the S1 protein with CpG-ODN. The neutralizing antibody titers in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage were significantly higher in the intranasal S1-CpG group than in every other group. Hence, the nasal administration of the S1 protein vaccine with CpG adjuvant might represent an effective vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Muranishi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0133, Japan; (K.M.); (H.I.)
| | - Mao Kinoshita
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.I.); (J.O.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Keita Inoue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.I.); (J.O.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Junya Ohara
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.I.); (J.O.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Toshihito Mihara
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.I.); (J.O.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Kazuki Sudo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.I.); (J.O.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Ken J. Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;
| | - Teiji Sawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (K.I.); (J.O.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Hiroyasu Ishikura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0133, Japan; (K.M.); (H.I.)
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Kopp EB, Agaronyan K, Licona-Limón I, Nish SA, Medzhitov R. Modes of type 2 immune response initiation. Immunity 2023; 56:687-694. [PMID: 37044059 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity defends against macro-parasites and can cause allergic diseases. Our understanding of the mechanisms governing the initiation of type 2 immunity is limited, whereas we know more about type 1 immune responses. Type 2 immunity can be triggered by a wide array of inducers that do not share common features and via diverse pathways and mechanisms. To address the complexity of the type 2 initiation pathways, we suggest a framework that conceptualizes different modes of induction of type 2 immunity. We discuss categories of type 2 inducers and their immunogenicity, types of tissue perturbations that are caused by these inducers, sensing strategies for the initiation of Th2 immune responses, and categorization of the signals that are produced in response to type 2 challenges. We describe tissue-specific examples of functional disruption that could lead to type 2 inflammation and propose that different sensing strategies that operate at the tissue level converge on the initiation of type 2 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Kopp
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Karen Agaronyan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ileana Licona-Limón
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Simone A Nish
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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El-Mageed TAA, Semida WM, Abdou NM, El-Mageed SAA. Coupling Effects of Potassium Fertilization Rate and Application Time on Growth and Grain Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plants Grown Under Cd-Contaminated Saline Soil. JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 2023; 23:1070-1084. [DOI: 10.1007/s42729-022-01104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Potassium is an essential macronutrient, where its availability regulates numerous biochemical, phenological, and physiological responses in plants. Synchronizing potassium supply with plant demand is a key factor to enhance growth and grain production of wheat grown in cadmium-contaminated saline soils. Field experiments were conducted in El Fayoum province, Egypt, between latitudes 29° 02′ and 29° 35′ N and longitudes 30° 23′ and 31° 05′ E, during the cropping seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 to determine the influence of different applied potassium rates and times on nutrient uptake and wheat yield grown under Cd-contaminated saline soil (ECe = 8.53 dS m−1 and Cd = 18 mg kg−1 soil). Four K levels (K0, K40, K80, and K120 representing 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1) were applied at different application times [full dose (basal) at sowing (100% S), two equal split doses at sowing and flowering stage (50% S + 50% F), and full dose at flowering stage (100% F)]. The experimental treatments were arranged in a randomized split complete block design and replicated three times. The applied K rates, times, and their interaction induced significant differences in nutrient uptake and physiological responses which in turn improved the growth and yield of the wheat crop. Potassium addition with 120 kg ha−1 at two equal split doses (50% S + 50% F) resulted in the highest values of plant height (97 cm), Fv/Fm (0.83), PI (5.49), SPAD (58.63), MSI (34.57), seed yield (5.04 t ha−1), straw yield (9.04 t ha−1), and water productivity (0.99 kg m−3). Similarly, the uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn was increased, while the uptake of Na and Cd decreased as the K supply increased under the split application. The addition of potassium by 120 kg ha−1 in two equal split doses at the sowing and flowering stage could be a valuable approach to improve yield and yield quality of wheat crop grown under cadmium-contaminated saline soils.
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Nooraei S, Sarkar Lotfabadi A, Akbarzadehmoallemkolaei M, Rezaei N. Immunogenicity of Different Types of Adjuvants and Nano-Adjuvants in Veterinary Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020453. [PMID: 36851331 PMCID: PMC9962389 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the best way to prevent and reduce the damage caused by infectious diseases in animals and humans. So, several vaccines are used for prophylactic purposes before the pathogen infects, while therapeutic vaccines strengthen the immune system after infection with the pathogen. Adjuvants are molecules, compounds, or macromolecules that enhance non-specific immunity and, in collaboration with antigen(s), can improve the body's immune responses and change the type of immune response. The potential and toxicity of adjuvants must be balanced to provide the safest stimulation with the fewest side effects. In order to overcome the limitations of adjuvants and the effective and controlled delivery of antigens, attention has been drawn to nano-carriers that can be a promising platform for better presenting and stimulating the immune system. Some studies show that nanoparticles have a more remarkable ability to act as adjuvants than microparticles. Because nano-adjuvants inactively target antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and change their chemical surface, nanoparticles also perform better in targeted antigen delivery because they cross biological barriers more easily. We collected and reviewed various types of nano-adjuvants with their specific roles in immunogenicity as a prominent strategy used in veterinary vaccines in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren Nooraei
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord 8818634141, Iran
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkar Lotfabadi
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Milad Akbarzadehmoallemkolaei
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1419733151, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Gharib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran 1419733151, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417653761, Iran
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Self-adjuvanting vaccines, covalent conjugates between antigens and adjuvants, are chemically well-defined compared with conventional vaccines formulated through mixing antigens with adjuvants. Innate immune receptor ligands effectively induce acquired immunity through the activation of innate immunity, thereby enhancing host immune responses. Thus, innate immune receptor ligands are often used as adjuvants in self-adjuvanting vaccines. In a self-adjuvanting vaccine, the covalent linkage of antigen and adjuvant enables their simultaneous uptake into immune cells where the adjuvant consequently induces antigen-specific immune responses. Importantly, self-adjuvanting vaccines do not require immobilization to carrier proteins or co-administration of additional adjuvants and thus avoid inducing undesired immune responses. Because of these excellent properties, self-adjuvanting vaccines are expected to be candidates for next-generation vaccines. Here, we take an overview of vaccine adjuvants, mainly focusing on those utilized in self-adjuvanting vaccines and then we review recent reports on self-adjuvanting conjugate vaccines.
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Mohammed MM, Okasha AMM, Naiem AHA, Mohamed RF, Abdelwahab SF, Mohamed HA. Cyclosporine Ameliorates Silica-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis in Rat Model by Altering the Expression of Toll-Like Receptor-4, Interleukin-2, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:87-95. [PMID: 34994326 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220106154111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory liver disease that is characterized histologically by interface hepatitis, biochemically by elevated transaminase levels, and serologically by the presence of autoantibodies. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 is a TLR family member that, upon activation in hepatocytes, initiates a cascade of events. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are potent inflammatory cytokines secreted in AIH, playing an important role in the early development of inflammation and hepatocyte damage. OBJECTIVES This study examined the role of cyclosporine in AIH and illustrated its actions on altered hepatic function in the silica-induced AIH model. METHODS AIH was induced in Wistar rats using sodium silicate. The rats were divided into four groups: the control group, silica-AIH group, cyclosporine-treated group, and prevention group. TLR-4 and IL-2 mRNA expressions in liver tissues were tested by RTPCR. RESULTS AIH was associated with up-regulation of liver enzymes, IL-2 and TLR-4 gene expression, while cyclosporine significantly down-regulated the expression of both. The relative quantity of TLR-4 mRNA was 1±0, 13.57±1.91, 4±0.38, and 2±0 in control, AIH, cyclosporine, and prevention groups, respectively (p<0.001). Also, the relative quantity of IL-2 mRNA was 1±0, 14.79±1.42, 7.07±0.96, and 3.4±0.55 in control, AIH, cyclosporine, and prevention groups, respectively (p<0.001). Additionally, immunohistochemical staining for TNF-α in liver sections was increased in the silica-AIH group but was found to decrease in the cyclosporine-treated and prevention groups. CONCLUSION This study advocates the therapeutic role of cyclosporine in treating immune-mediated hepatic diseases. Cyclosporine improves histological alterations in the liver and inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed M M Okasha
- Departments of Biochemistry, Minia University Minia 61511, Egypt
| | | | - Reham F Mohamed
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Sayed F Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Mohamed
- Departments of Biochemistry, Minia University Minia 61511, Egypt
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12
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Djouina M, Waxin C, Leprêtre F, Tardivel M, Tillement O, Vasseur F, Figeac M, Bongiovanni A, Sebda S, Desreumaux P, Launay D, Dubuquoy L, Body-Malapel M, Vignal C. Gene/environment interaction in the susceptibility of Crohn's disease patients to aluminum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:158017. [PMID: 35973536 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM The key role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is recognized. Aluminum is suspected to be a risk factor for IBD. However, mechanisms linking aluminum exposure to disease development are unknown. We examined the role of aluminum transport and subcellular localisation on human colon susceptibility to aluminum-induced inflammation. METHODS Human colon biopsies isolated from Crohn's disease (CD) or control patients and Caco-2 cells were incubated with aluminum. The effects of aluminum were evaluated on cytokine secretion and transporter expression. The role of aluminum kinetics parameters was studied in Caco-2 using transport inhibitors and in human colon biopsies by assessing genetic polymorphisms of transporters. RESULTS Aluminum exposure was shown to induce cytokine secretion in colon of CD but not healthy patients. In Caco-2 cells, aluminum internalisation was correlated with inflammatory status. In human colon, analysis of genetic polymorphisms and expression of ABCB1 and SLC26A3 transporters showed that their decreased activity was involved in aluminum-induced inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that alteration in detoxifying response would lead to a deregulation of intestinal homeostasis and to the expression of IBD. Our study emphasizes the complexity of gene/environment interaction for aluminum adverse health effect, highlighting at risk populations or subtypes of patients. A better understanding of correlations between gene expression or SNP and xenobiotic kinetics parameters would shift the medical paradigm to more personalized disease management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madjid Djouina
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286- INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Waxin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286- INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Leprêtre
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Meryem Tardivel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut Lumière Matière, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5306, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francis Vasseur
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS : Évaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Martin Figeac
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Antonino Bongiovanni
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Shéhérazade Sebda
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Desreumaux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286- INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - David Launay
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286- INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurent Dubuquoy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286- INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Mathilde Body-Malapel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286- INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Cécile Vignal
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286- INFINITE - Institute for translational research in inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France.
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13
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Huang Z, Li Y, Yi H, Wu Z, Li C, Du T, Yang J, Wang Y, Jiang Q, Fan S, Liao Y, Zhang Y, Jiang G, Ma K, Li Q. Absence of active systemic anaphylaxis in guinea pigs upon intramuscular injection of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cells). Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:633-640. [PMID: 35506627 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2073889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: The safety of novel vaccines against COVID-19 is currently a major focus of preclinical research. As a part of the safety evaluation testing package, 24 healthy guinea pigs were used to determine whether repeated administration of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could induce active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), and to evaluate its degree of severity.Method: According to sex and body weight, the animals were randomly divided into three experimental groups (eight animals per group). The negative control group received 0.9% sodium chloride (priming dose: 0.5 mL/animal; challenge dose: 1 mL/animal); the positive control group received 10% ovalbumin (priming dose: 0.5 mL/animal; challenge dose: 1 mL/animal); and the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine group received inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (priming dose: 100 U in 0.5 mL/animal; challenge dose: 200 U in 1 mL/animal). Priming dose administration was conducted by multi-point injection into the muscles of the hind limbs, three times, once every other day. On days 14 and 21 after the final priming injection, a challenge test was conducted. Half of the animals in each group were injected intravenously with twice the dose and volume of the tested substance used for immunization. During the experimental course, the injection site, general clinical symptoms, body weight, and systemic allergic reaction symptoms were monitored.Result: After intramuscular injection of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, there were no abnormal reactions at the injection site, clinical symptoms, or deaths. There was no difference in body weight between the groups, and there were no allergic reactions. Conclusion: Thus, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine injected intramuscularly in guinea pigs did not produce ASA and had a good safety profile, which can provide actual data on vaccine risks and important reference data for clinical research on this vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangqiong Huang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Hongkun Yi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengcun Wu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Cong Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Tingfu Du
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Jinling Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Qinfang Jiang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Shengtao Fan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Liao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Guorun Jiang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Kaili Ma
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Qihan Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
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14
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Matsui Y, Takemura N, Shirasaki Y, Takahama M, Noguchi Y, Ikoma K, Pan Y, Nishida S, Taura M, Nakayama A, Funatsu T, Misawa T, Harada Y, Sunazuka T, Saitoh T. Nanaomycin E inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Int Immunol 2022; 34:505-518. [PMID: 35759801 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is a cytosolic innate immune receptor that senses organelle dysfunction induced by various stimuli, such as infectious, environmental, metabolic, and drug stresses. Upon activation, NLRP3 forms an inflammasome with its adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) and caspase-1, to trigger the release of inflammatory cytokines. The development of effective anti-inflammatory drugs targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome is in high demand as its aberrant activation often causes inflammatory diseases. Here, we found that nanaomycin A (NNM-A), a quinone-based antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces, effectively inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory responses induced by imidazoquinolines, including imiquimod. Interestingly, its epoxy derivative nanaomycin E (NNM-E) showed a comparable inhibitory effect against the NLRP3 inflammasome-induced release of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 from macrophages, with a much lower toxicity than NNM-A. NNM-E inhibited ASC oligomerization and caspase-1 cleavage, both of which are hallmarks of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. NNM-E reduced mitochondrial damage and the production of reactive oxygen species, thereby preventing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. NNM-E treatment markedly alleviated psoriasis-like skin inflammation induced by imiquimod. Collectively, NNM-E inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction with little toxicity and showed an anti-inflammatory effect in vivo. Thus, NNM-E could be a potential lead compound for developing effective and safe anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Matsui
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Takemura
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Shirasaki
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Takahama
- Division of Inflammation Biology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yoshihiko Noguchi
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences & Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.,Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Ikoma
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yixi Pan
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nishida
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Taura
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Nakayama
- Division of Inflammation Biology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Funatsu
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Misawa
- Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshie Harada
- Laboratory for Nanobiology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sunazuka
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences & Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.,Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Saitoh
- Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Division of Inflammation Biology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine adjuvanted with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: A phase 1 clinical trial. Vaccine 2022; 40:4150-4159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Miyashita Y, Yoshida T, Takagi Y, Tsukamoto H, Takashima K, Kouwaki T, Makino K, Fukushima S, Nakamura K, Oshiumi H. Circulating extracellular vesicle microRNAs associated with adverse reactions, proinflammatory cytokine, and antibody production after COVID-19 vaccination. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:16. [PMID: 35136071 PMCID: PMC8826357 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00439-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNA-based vaccines have been used globally to eradicate the coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Vaccine efficacy and adverse reactions depend on immune responses, such as proinflammatory cytokine production and lymphocyte activation. We conducted a prospective cohort study to investigate relationships among specific antibody titers, adverse reactions, proinflammatory cytokine production, and immune-regulatory microRNA (miRNA) levels in serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) after COVID-19 vaccination (BNT162b2). Local adverse reactions after the second dose, such as local pain and swelling, were less correlated with those of systemic symptoms, such as fever and muscle pain, whereas serum TNF-α levels were associated with systemic adverse reactions and with specific antibody titers. Interestingly, EV miR-92a-2-5p levels in sera were negatively correlated with degrees of adverse reactions, and EV miR-148a levels were associated with specific antibody titers. Our data suggest a potential of circulating EV miRNAs as biomarkers for vaccine efficacy and adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyashita
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yoshida
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuriko Takagi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hirotake Tsukamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Division of Clinical Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Takashima
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kouwaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Katsunari Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oshiumi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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17
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Virtanen T. Inhalant Mammal-Derived Lipocalin Allergens and the Innate Immunity. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 2:824736. [PMID: 35387007 PMCID: PMC8974866 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.824736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A major part of important mammalian respiratory allergens belongs to the lipocalin family of proteins. By this time, 19 respiratory mammalian lipocalin allergens have been registered in the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Database. Originally, lipocalins, small extracellular proteins (molecular mass ca. 20 kDa), were characterized as transport proteins but they are currently known to exert a variety of biological functions. The three-dimensional structure of lipocalins is well-preserved, and lipocalin allergens can exhibit high amino acid identities, in several cases more than 50%. Lipocalins contain an internal ligand-binding site where they can harbor small principally hydrophobic molecules. Another characteristic feature is their capacity to bind to specific cell-surface receptors. In all, the physicochemical properties of lipocalin allergens do not offer any straightforward explanations for their allergenicity. Allergic sensitization begins at epithelial barriers where diverse insults through pattern recognition receptors awaken innate immunity. This front-line response is manifested by epithelial barrier-associated cytokines which together with other components of immunity can initiate the sensitization process. In the following, the crucial factor in allergic sensitization is interleukin (IL)-4 which is needed for stabilizing and promoting the type 2 immune response. The source for IL-4 has been searched widely. Candidates for it may be non-professional antigen-presenting cells, such as basophils or mast cells, as well as CD4+ T cells. The synthesis of IL-4 by CD4+ T cells requires T cell receptor engagement, i.e., the recognition of allergen peptides, which also provides the specificity for sensitization. Lipocalin and innate immunity-associated cell-surface receptors are implicated in facilitating the access of lipocalin allergens into the immune system. However, the significance of this for allergic sensitization is unclear, as the recognition by these receptors has been found to produce conflicting results. As to potential adjuvants associated with mammalian lipocalin allergens, the hydrophobic ligands transported by lipocalins have not been reported to enhance sensitization while it is justified to suppose that lipopolysaccharide plays a role in it. Taken together, type 2 immunity to lipocalin allergens appears to be a harmful immune response resulting from a combination of signals involving both the innate and adaptive immunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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18
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Eto SI, Higashisaka K, Koshida A, Sato K, Ogura M, Sakurai M, Tsujino H, Nagano K, Tsutsumi Y. Amorphous silica nanoparticles (nSP50) exacerbate hepatic damage through the activation of acquired cell-mediated immunity. NANO EXPRESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac4bb0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Due to their innovative functions, the use of nanoparticles in various industries has been expanding. However, a key concern is whether nanoparticles induce unexpected biological effects. Although many studies have focused on innate immunity, information on whether nanoparticles induce biological responses through effects on acquired immunity is sparse. Here, to assess the effects of amorphous silica nanoparticles on acquired immunity, we analyzed changes in acute toxicities after pretreatment with amorphous silica nanoparticles (50 nm in diameter; nSP50). Pretreatment with nSP50 biochemically and pathologically exacerbated nSP50-induced hepatic damage in immunocompetent mice. However, pretreatment with nSP50 did not exacerbate hepatic damage in immunodeficient mice. Consistent with this, the depletion of CD8+ cells with an anti-CD8 antibody in animals pretreated with nSP50 resulted in lower plasma levels of hepatic injury markers such as ALT and AST after an intravenous administration than treatment with an isotype-matched control antibody. Finally, stimulation of splenocytes promoted the release of IFN-γ in nSP50-pretreated mice regardless of the stimulator used. Moreover, the blockade of IFN-γ decreased plasma levels of ALT and AST levels in nSP50-pretreated mice. Collectively, these data show that nSP50-induced acquired immunity leads to exacerbation of hepatic damage through the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
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19
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Zhu G, Yang YG, Sun T. Engineering Optimal Vaccination Strategies: Effects of Physical Properties of the Delivery System on Functions. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1408-1422. [PMID: 35137771 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00011c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With rapid developments in medical science and technology, vaccinations have become the key to solving public health problems. Various diseases can be prevented by vaccinations, which mimic a disease by...
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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20
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Orsini Delgado ML, Sambuelli A, Negreira S, Gil A, D Elia L, Smaldini PL, Docena GH. Volcanic ash-driven worsening of mucosal inflammation in an experimental colitis model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118351. [PMID: 34637830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter exposure and related chemical changes in drinking water have been associated with health problems and inflammatory disorders. This study aimed to examine the effect of orally administered ash-water dilution on the gut of mice under normal and inflammatory conditions. Balb/c mice received ash-released soluble and dust-suspended components in the drinking water for 14 days. On day 7, animals were intrarectally instilled with TNBS in ethanol or flagellin from Salmonella typhimurium in PBS. At sacrifice, colon segments were collected and histologic damage, mRNA expression and cytokine levels in tissue were evaluated. In addition, these parameters were also evaluated in IL-10 null mice. We found that mice that received 5% w. fine-ash dilution in the drinking water worsened colitis signs. Weight loss, shortening of the colon, tissue edema with mucosa and submucosa cell infiltration and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were enhanced compared to control mice. A more pronounced inflammation was observed in IL-10 null mice. In addition, markers of NLRP3-dependent inflammasome activation were found in animals exposed to ash. In conclusion, ingestion of contaminated water with dust-suspended particulate matter enhanced the inflammatory response in the gut, probably due to alteration of the gut barrier and promoting an intense contact with the luminal content. This study critically appraises the response for fine particulate matter in uncommon illnesses reported for volcanic ash pollution. We suggest actions to enable better prediction and assessment the health impacts of volcanic eruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lucía Orsini Delgado
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), CONICET y Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Alicia Sambuelli
- Servicio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Hospital de Gastroenterología Bonorino Udaondo, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Silvia Negreira
- Servicio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Hospital de Gastroenterología Bonorino Udaondo, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Anibal Gil
- Servicio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Hospital de Gastroenterología Bonorino Udaondo, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Leandro D Elia
- Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas (CIG), CONICET y Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Paola L Smaldini
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), CONICET y Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Guillermo H Docena
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), CONICET y Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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21
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Kim E, Bonnegarde-Bernard A, Opiyo SO, Joldrichsen MR, Attia Z, Ahmer BH, Cormet-Boyaka E, Boyaka PN. Pollutants enhance IgE sensitization in the gut via local alteration of vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:143-153. [PMID: 34504311 PMCID: PMC10655957 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms linking ingested pollutants to increased incidence of allergy are poorly understood. We report that mice exposed to low doses of cadmium develop higher IgE responses following oral allergen sensitization and more severe allergic symptoms upon allergen challenge. The environmentally relevant doses of this pollutant also induced oxidative/inflammatory responses in the gut of SPF, but not germ-free mice. Interestingly, the increased IgE responses correlated with stimulation of the vitamin D3-metabolizing enzymes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 in the gut and increased luminal levels of oxidized vitamin D3 metabolites that are not ligands of the vitamin D receptor. Inhibition of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 via oral administration of pharmacological inhibitors reduced IgE responses induced in mice orally exposed to cadmium. Our findings identify local alteration of vitamin D signaling as a new mechanism for induction of IgE responses by environmental pollutants. They also identify vitamin D3-metabolizing enzymes as therapeutic targets for the treatment of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Stephen O Opiyo
- Molecular, Cellular Imaging Center-Columbus, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marisa R Joldrichsen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zayed Attia
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brian H Ahmer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Prosper N Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Infection Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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22
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Kim Y, Hong K, Kim H, Nam J. Influenza vaccines: Past, present, and future. Rev Med Virol 2022; 32:e2243. [PMID: 33949021 PMCID: PMC8209895 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Globally, infection by seasonal influenza viruses causes 3-5 million cases of severe illness and 290,000-650,000 respiratory deaths each year. Various influenza vaccines, including inactivated split- and subunit-type, recombinant and live attenuated vaccines, have been developed since the 1930s when it was discovered that influenza viruses could be cultivated in embryonated eggs. However, the protection rate offered by these vaccines is rather low, especially in very young children and the elderly. In this review, we describe the history of influenza vaccine development, the immune responses induced by the vaccines and the adjuvants applied. Further, we suggest future directions for improving the effectiveness of influenza vaccines in all age groups. This includes the development of an influenza vaccine that induces a balanced T helper cell type 1 and type 2 immune responses based on the understanding of the immune system, and the development of a broad-spectrum influenza vaccine that can increase effectiveness despite antigen shifts and drifts, which are characteristics of the influenza virus. A brighter future can be envisaged if the development of an adjuvant that is safe and effective is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Hee Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological SciencesThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheonRepublic of Korea
- Department of R&DSK BioscienceBundang‐guRepublic of Korea
| | - Kee‐Jong Hong
- UIC FoundationKonkuk UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Department of R&DSK BioscienceBundang‐guRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological SciencesThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheonRepublic of Korea
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23
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Favor OK, Pestka JJ, Bates MA, Lee KSS. Centrality of Myeloid-Lineage Phagocytes in Particle-Triggered Inflammation and Autoimmunity. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 3:777768. [PMID: 35295146 PMCID: PMC8915915 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.777768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to exogenous particles found as airborne contaminants or endogenous particles that form by crystallization of certain nutrients can activate inflammatory pathways and potentially accelerate autoimmunity onset and progression in genetically predisposed individuals. The first line of innate immunological defense against particles are myeloid-lineage phagocytes, namely macrophages and neutrophils, which recognize/internalize the particles, release inflammatory mediators, undergo programmed/unprogrammed death, and recruit/activate other leukocytes to clear the particles and resolve inflammation. However, immunogenic cell death and release of damage-associated molecules, collectively referred to as "danger signals," coupled with failure to efficiently clear dead/dying cells, can elicit unresolved inflammation, accumulation of self-antigens, and adaptive leukocyte recruitment/activation. Collectively, these events can promote loss of immunological self-tolerance and onset/progression of autoimmunity. This review discusses critical molecular mechanisms by which exogenous particles (i.e., silica, asbestos, carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, aluminum-containing salts) and endogenous particles (i.e., monosodium urate, cholesterol crystals, calcium-containing salts) may promote unresolved inflammation and autoimmunity by inducing toxic responses in myeloid-lineage phagocytes with emphases on inflammasome activation and necrotic and programmed cell death pathways. A prototypical example is occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica, which is etiologically linked to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other human autoimmune diseases. Importantly, airway instillation of SLE-prone mice with crystalline silica elicits severe pulmonary pathology involving accumulation of particle-laden alveolar macrophages, dying and dead cells, nuclear and cytoplasmic debris, and neutrophilic inflammation that drive cytokine, chemokine, and interferon-regulated gene expression. Silica-induced immunogenic cell death and danger signal release triggers accumulation of T and B cells, along with IgG-secreting plasma cells, indicative of ectopic lymphoid tissue neogenesis, and broad-spectrum autoantibody production in the lung. These events drive early autoimmunity onset and accelerate end-stage autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Intriguingly, dietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids have been demonstrated to be an intervention against silica-triggered murine autoimmunity. Taken together, further insight into how particles drive immunogenic cell death and danger signaling in myeloid-lineage phagocytes and how these responses are influenced by the genome will be essential for identification of novel interventions for preventing and treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases associated with these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K. Favor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James J. Pestka
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Melissa A. Bates
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Heterologous administration of HPV16 E7 epitope-loaded nanocomplexes inhibits tumor growth in mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108298. [PMID: 34739928 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The nanostructured complexes can result in enhanced vaccine efficacy by facilitating the distribution and uptake of antigens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), thereby stimulating immune responses. Here, we hypothesized that either directly coating of nanoadjuvants including aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) and adenovirus (Ad) with a modified HPV16 E7 MHC-I specific epitope, RAHYNIVTF49-57, or mixing the CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) with the cationic epitope to form nanocomlexes, and their combinational therapy would enhance their anti-tumor effects in a TC-1 mouse model. The positively-charged HPV16 E7 epitope was attracted to the oppositely-charged adjuvants by electrostatic interaction to generate epitope/adjuvant nanocomplexes. We showed that coating the nanosized adjuvants with the cationic epitope increased the particles' surface charge without significant change in their size. We then tested the cellular immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy of nanocomplexes by measuring IL-10 and IFN-γ production, the expression of CD107a as a marker of CTL response, and tumor growth inhibition. The nanocomplexes were administered either in homologous or heterologous prime-boost regimens, and heterologous immunizations including Ad/Pep-CpG/Pep, CpG/Pep-Ad/Pep, Ad/Pep-Alum/Pep, and Alum/Pep-Ad/Pep induced significantly higher levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, and CD107a-expressing CD8 T cells compared with homologous administrations. Furthermore, the tumor growth was significantly suppressed in mice receiving nanostructured complexes in the heterologous immunizations. Our study highlights the potential of the heterologous prime-boost administration of the epitope-coated nanostructures as an effective immunization strategy.
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25
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Liu T, Wang L, Liang P, Wang X, Liu Y, Cai J, She Y, Wang D, Wang Z, Guo Z, Bates S, Xia X, Huang J, Cui J. USP19 suppresses inflammation and promotes M2-like macrophage polarization by manipulating NLRP3 function via autophagy. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2431-2442. [PMID: 33097834 PMCID: PMC8484569 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization to proinflammatory M1-like or anti-inflammatory M2-like cells is critical to mount a host defense or repair tissue. The exact molecular mechanisms controlling this process are still elusive. Here, we report that ubiquitin-specific protease 19 (USP19) acts as an anti-inflammatory switch that inhibits inflammatory responses and promotes M2-like macrophage polarization. USP19 inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation by increasing autophagy flux and decreasing the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. In addition, USP19 inhibited the proteasomal degradation of inflammasome-independent NLRP3 by cleaving its polyubiquitin chains. USP19-stabilized NLRP3 promoted M2-like macrophage polarization by direct association with interferon regulatory factor 4, thereby preventing its p62-mediated selective autophagic degradation. Consistent with these observations, compared to wild-type mice, Usp19-/- mice had decreased M2-like macrophage polarization and increased interleukin-1β secretion, in response to alum and chitin injections. Thus, we have uncovered an unexpected mechanism by which USP19 switches the proinflammatory function of NLRP3 into an anti-inflammatory function, and suggest that USP19 is a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiu Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Puping Liang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Experimental Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukun Liu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Cai
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanchu She
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Experimental Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XGuanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510060 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XOrgan Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Samuel Bates
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XChanning Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Experimental Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjiu Huang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Cui
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XMOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Experimental Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Inhibition of elastase enhances the adjuvanticity of alum and promotes anti-SARS-CoV-2 systemic and mucosal immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2102435118. [PMID: 34353890 PMCID: PMC8403952 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102435118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report that suppression of the serine protease elastase reshapes innate responses induced by injected vaccines containing alum adjuvant. This reprogramming improves the induction of protective antibodies in the bloodstream and stimulates innate signals, which support the development of antibody responses in mucosal tissues. Our findings identify elastase as the innate regulator that blunts the adjuvant activity of alum. They also demonstrate that vaccination via mucosal routes is not an absolute requirement for antibody responses in mucosal tissues and secretions. Supplementation of an alum-based vaccine containing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit 1 as antigen increased anti–SARS-CoV-2 immunity in the blood and mucosal secretions in mice. Thus, this strategy could help in the development of future protein-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Alum, used as an adjuvant in injected vaccines, promotes T helper 2 (Th2) and serum antibody (Ab) responses. However, it fails to induce secretory immunoglobulin (Ig) A (SIgA) in mucosal tissues and is poor in inducing Th1 and cell-mediated immunity. Alum stimulates interleukin 1 (IL-1) and the recruitment of myeloid cells, including neutrophils. We investigated whether neutrophil elastase regulates the adjuvanticity of alum, and whether a strategy targeting neutrophil elastase could improve responses to injected vaccines. Mice coadministered a pharmacological inhibitor of elastase, or lacking elastase, developed high-affinity serum IgG and IgA antibodies after immunization with alum-adsorbed protein vaccines, including the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). These mice also developed broader antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses, including high Th1 and T follicular helper (Tfh) responses. Interestingly, in the absence of elastase activity, mucosal SIgA responses were induced after systemic immunization with alum as adjuvant. Importantly, lack or suppression of elastase activity enhanced the magnitude of anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit 1 (S1) antibodies, and these antibodies reacted with the same epitopes of spike 1 protein as sera from COVID-19 patients. Therefore, suppression of neutrophil elastase could represent an attractive strategy for improving the efficacy of alum-based injected vaccines for the induction of broad immunity, including mucosal immunity.
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27
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Ali SA, Saifi MA, Godugu C, Talla V. Silibinin alleviates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis: Potential role in modulating inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5290-5304. [PMID: 34250649 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a devastating interstitial lung disease resulting from indefinite causes with very few limited, those too ineffective therapeutic options. Earlier evidence reported inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are the major threats in PF. The present study was aimed to examine the anti-fibrotic activity of silibinin (SB) in PF. PF was induced by administering oropharyngeal 1.5 mg/mice silica on day 1, followed by treatment with and without oral SB for 14 days. Lung injury was assessed by x-ray analysis on day 14 and all the animals were sacrificed on day 15. The results showed that silica remarkably altered the histoarchitecture and induced the expression of inflammatory components in BALF and pulmonary tissue. Immunoblotting investigation quantified the expression of TGF-β, p-smad2/3, collagen-I, fibronectin, and α-SMA in the pulmonary tissue. To this end, treatment with SB alleviated inflammatory components, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the fibrotic tissue. Moreover, SB harnessed the tissue architecture, improved diffusive scattering of x-ray signals, and modulated epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypic alterations, including TGF-β, p-smad2/3, and collagen-I. Altogether, the significant reduction of inflammatory signaling, collagen deposition, and epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation by SB suggested that it could be used as a potential therapeutic candidate to treat pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Afroz Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-(NIPER), Hyderabad, India.,Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-(NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Saifi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-(NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-(NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Venu Talla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-(NIPER), Hyderabad, India
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28
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Chitin induces steroid-resistant airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in mice. Allergol Int 2021; 70:343-350. [PMID: 33640239 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous reports have shown that pathogen-associated patterns (PAMPs) induce the production of interleukin (IL)-1β in macrophages. Moreover, studies using mouse models also suggest that chitin, which acts as a PAMP, induces adjuvant effects and eosinophilic infiltration in the lung. Thus, we investigated the effects of inhaled chitin in mouse models. METHODS We developed mouse models of inhaled chitin particle-induced airway inflammation and steroid-resistant ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation. Some experimental groups of mice were treated additionally with dexamethasone (DEX). Murine alveolar macrophages (AMs), which were purified from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids, were incubated with chitin, and treated with or without DEX. RESULTS The numbers of total cells, AMs, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils among BAL-derived cells, as well as the IL-1β levels in BAL fluids and the numbers of IL-1β-positive cells in lung, were significantly increased by chitin stimulation. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was aggravated in mice of the chitin inflammation model compared to control animals. The production of IL-1β was significantly increased in murine AMs by chitin treatment, but DEX administration did not inhibit this chitin-induced IL-1β production. Furthermore, in mouse models, DEX treatment inhibited the OVA-induced airway inflammation and AHR but not the airway inflammation and AHR induced by chitin or the combination of OVA and chitin. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that inhaled chitin induces airway inflammation, AHR, and the production of IL-1β. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate for the first time that inhaled chitin induces steroid-resistant airway inflammation and AHR. Inhaled chitin may contribute to features of steroid-resistant asthma.
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29
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El-Naccache DW, Haskó G, Gause WC. Early Events Triggering the Initiation of a Type 2 Immune Response. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:151-164. [PMID: 33386241 PMCID: PMC9813923 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses are typically associated with protection against helminth infections and also with harmful inflammation in response to allergens. Recent advances have revealed that type 2 immunity also contributes to sterile inflammation, cancer, and microbial infections. However, the early events that initiate type 2 immune responses remain poorly defined. New insights reveal major contributions from danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the initiation of type 2 immune responses. In this review, we examine the molecules released by the host and pathogens and the role they play in mediating the initiation of mammalian innate type 2 immune responses under a variety of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darine W El-Naccache
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - William C Gause
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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30
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Manabe Y, Chang TC, Fukase K. Recent advances in self-adjuvanting glycoconjugate vaccines. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2020; 37:61-71. [PMID: 34895656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Compared to traditional vaccines that are formulated into mixtures of an adjuvant and an antigen, a self-adjuvanting vaccine consists of an antigen that is covalently conjugated to a well-defined adjuvant. In self-adjuvanting vaccines, innate immune receptor ligands are usually used as adjuvants. Innate immune receptor ligands effectively trigger acquired immunity through the activation of innate immunity to enhance host immune responses to antigens. When a self-adjuvanting vaccine is used, immune cells simultaneously uptake the antigen and the adjuvant because they are covalently linked. Consequently, the adjuvant can specifically induce immune responses against the conjugated antigen. Importantly, self-adjuvanting vaccines do not require co-administration of additional adjuvants or immobilization to carrier proteins, which enables avoidance of the use of highly toxic adjuvants or the induction of undesired immune responses. Given these excellent properties, self-adjuvanting vaccines are expected to serve as candidates for the next generation of vaccines. Herein, we review vaccine adjuvants, with a focus on the adjuvants used in self-adjuvanting vaccines, and then overview recent advances made with self-adjuvanting conjugate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan; Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan.
| | - Tsung-Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan; Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan.
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31
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Co-Administration of Aluminium Hydroxide Nanoparticles and Protective Antigen Domain 4 Encapsulated Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles Show Enhanced Immune Response and Superior Protection against Anthrax. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040571. [PMID: 33019545 PMCID: PMC7711981 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminium salts have been the adjuvant of choice in more than 100 licensed vaccines. Here, we have studied the synergistic effect of aluminium hydroxide nanoparticles (AH np) and non-ionic surfactant-based vesicles (NISV) in modulating the immune response against protective antigen domain 4 (D4) of Bacillus anthracis. NISV was prepared from Span 60 and cholesterol, while AH np was prepared from aluminium chloride and sodium hydroxide. AH np was co-administered with NISV encapsulating D4 (NISV-D4) to formulate AHnp/NISV-D4. The antigen-specific immune response of AHnp/NISV-D4 was compared with that of commercial alhydrogel (alhy) co-administered with NISV-D4 (alhydrogel/NISV-D4), NISV-D4, AHnp/D4, and alhydrogel/D4. Co-administration of NISV-D4 with AH np greatly improved the D4-specific antibody titer as compared to the control groups. Based on IgG isotyping and ex vivo cytokine analysis, AHnp/NISV-D4 generated a balanced Th1/Th2 response. Furthermore, AH np/NISV-D4 showed superior protection against anthrax spore challenge in comparison to other groups. Thus, we demonstrate the possibility of developing a novel combinatorial nanoformulation capable of augmenting both humoral and cellular response, paving the way for adjuvant research.
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32
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Heterogeneity in the initiation, development and function of type 2 immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:603-614. [PMID: 32367051 PMCID: PMC9773851 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses operate under varying conditions in distinct tissue environments and are crucial for protection against helminth infections and for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Here we explore how different layers of heterogeneity influence type 2 immunity. Distinct insults, such as allergens or infections, can induce type 2 immune responses through diverse mechanisms, and this can have heterogeneous consequences, ranging from acute or chronic inflammation to deficits in immune regulation and tissue repair. Technological advances have provided new insights into the molecular heterogeneity of different developmental lineages of type 2 immune cells. Genetic and environmental heterogeneity also contributes to the varying magnitude and quality of the type 2 immune response during infection, which is an important determinant of the balance between pathology and disease resolution. Hence, understanding the mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of type 2 immune responses between individuals and between different tissues will be crucial for treating diseases in which type 2 immunity is an important component.
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33
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Adachi T, Yasuda K, Muto T, Serada S, Yoshimoto T, Ishii KJ, Kuroda E, Araki K, Ohmuraya M, Naka T, Nakanishi K. Lung fibroblasts produce IL-33 in response to stimulation with retinoblastoma-binding protein 9 via production of prostaglandin E2. Int Immunol 2020; 32:637-652. [PMID: 32484881 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal nematode infection induces pulmonary eosinophilia via IL-33, although the mechanism of pulmonary IL-33 induction remains unclear. Because nematode migration damages lungs, we speculated that lung-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) possess an IL-33-inducing activity (IL33ia). Indeed, intra-nasal administration of a lung extract induced IL-33 production in lungs. Additionally, lung extracts increased Il33 mRNA expression in primary lung fibroblasts. Proteomic analysis identified retinoblastoma-binding protein 9 (RBBP9) as a major DAMP with IL33ia. RBBP9 was originally discovered as a protein that provides cells with resistance to the growth inhibitory effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Here, we found that stimulation by RBBP9 induced primary fibroblasts to produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) that, in turn, induced fibroblasts to produce IL-33. RBBP9-activated fibroblasts expressed mRNAs of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and PGE2 synthase-1 that convert arachidonic acid to PGE2. Furthermore, they expressed PGE2 receptors E-prostanoid (EP) 2 and EP4. Thus, treatment with a COX-2 inhibitor or EP2 and/or EP4 receptor antagonists inhibited RBBP9-induced IL-33 production. Nematode infection induced pulmonary Il33 mRNA expression, which was inhibited by the COX-2 inhibitor or EP2 and EP4 antagonists, suggesting that nematode infection induced pulmonary Il33 mRNA via PGE2. RBBP9 was expressed constitutively in the lung in the steady state, which did not increase after nematode infection. Finally, we found that Rbbp9-deficient mice had a significantly diminished capacity to increase pulmonary Il33 mRNA expression following nematode infection. Thus, the PGE2-EP2/EP4 pathway activated by RBBP9 released from damaged lungs is important for pulmonary IL-33 production in nematode-infected animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Adachi
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koubun Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Taichiro Muto
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Serada
- Laboratory of Immune Signal, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kuroda
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohmuraya
- Department of Genetics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Naka
- Laboratory of Immune Signal, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakanishi
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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34
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Inflammasome-Mediated Immunogenicity of Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Adjuvants. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030554. [PMID: 32971761 PMCID: PMC7565252 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern vaccines, adjuvants can be sophisticated immunological tools to promote robust and long-lasting protection against prevalent diseases. However, there is an urgent need to improve immunogenicity of vaccines in order to protect mankind from life-threatening diseases such as AIDS, malaria or, most recently, COVID-19. Therefore, it is important to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of vaccine adjuvants, which generally trigger the innate immune system to enhance signal transition to adaptive immunity, resulting in pathogen-specific protection. Thus, improved understanding of vaccine adjuvant mechanisms may aid in the design of “intelligent” vaccines to provide robust protection from pathogens. Various commonly used clinical adjuvants, such as aluminium salts, saponins or emulsions, have been identified as activators of inflammasomes - multiprotein signalling platforms that drive activation of inflammatory caspases, resulting in secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines of the IL-1 family. Importantly, these cytokines affect the cellular and humoral arms of adaptive immunity, which indicates that inflammasomes represent a valuable target of vaccine adjuvants. In this review, we highlight the impact of different inflammasomes on vaccine adjuvant-induced immune responses regarding their mechanisms and immunogenicity. In this context, we focus on clinically relevant adjuvants that have been shown to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and also present various experimental adjuvants that activate the NLRP3-, NLRC4-, AIM2-, pyrin-, or non-canonical inflammasomes and could have the potential to improve future vaccines. Together, we provide a comprehensive overview on vaccine adjuvants that are known, or suggested, to promote immunogenicity through inflammasome-mediated signalling.
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Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Particles from the Echinococcus granulosus Laminated Layer. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00190-20. [PMID: 32571988 PMCID: PMC7440765 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00190-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of dendritic cells and macrophages with a variety of rigid noncellular particles triggers activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and consequent secretion of interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Noncellular particles can also be generated in the context of helminth infection, since these large pathogens often shed their outermost structures during growth and/or molting. One such structure is the massive, mucin-based, soft, flexible laminated layer (LL), which protects the larval stages of cestodes of the genus Echinococcus. The interaction of dendritic cells and macrophages with a variety of rigid noncellular particles triggers activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and consequent secretion of interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Noncellular particles can also be generated in the context of helminth infection, since these large pathogens often shed their outermost structures during growth and/or molting. One such structure is the massive, mucin-based, soft, flexible laminated layer (LL), which protects the larval stages of cestodes of the genus Echinococcus. We show that particles from the Echinococcus granulosus LL (pLL) trigger NLRP3- and caspase-1-dependent IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC). This response can be elicited by pLL too large for phagocytosis and nonetheless requires actin dynamics, Syk, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). These three requirements had already been observed in our previous study on the alteration by pLL of CD86, CD40, IL-10, and IL-12 responses to LPS in BMDC; however, we now show that these alterations are independent of NLRP3 and caspase-1. In other words, an initial interaction with particles requiring actin dynamics, Syk, and PI3K, but not phagocytosis, elicits both NLRP3-dependent and NLRP3-independent responses. Intraperitoneal injection of pLL induced IL-1β, suggesting that contact with LL materials induces IL-1β in the E. granulosus infection setting. Our results extend our understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by noncellular particulate materials both to helminth-derived materials and to flexible/soft materials.
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Colombo SAP, Grencis RK. Immunity to Soil-Transmitted Helminths: Evidence From the Field and Laboratory Models. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1286. [PMID: 32655568 PMCID: PMC7324686 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with soil-transmitted helminths (STH) remains a major burden on global health and agriculture. Our understanding of the immunological mechanisms that govern whether an individual is resistant or susceptible to infection is derived primarily from model infections in rodents. Typically, experimental infections employ an artificially high, single bolus of parasites that leads to rapid expulsion of the primary infection and robust immunity to subsequent challenges. However, immunity in natura is generated slowly, and is only partially effective, with individuals in endemic areas retaining low-level infections throughout their lives. Therefore, there is a gap between traditional model STH systems and observations in the field. Here, we review the immune response to traditional model STH infections in the laboratory. We compare these data to studies of natural infection in humans and rodents in endemic areas, highlighting crucial differences between experimental and natural infection. We then detail the literature to date on the use of "trickle" infections to experimentally model the kinetics of natural infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano A. P. Colombo
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Richard K. Grencis
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Itazawa T, Kanatani KT, Hamazaki K, Inadera H, Tsuchida A, Tanaka T, Nakayama T, Go T, Onishi K, Kurozawa Y, Adachi Y, Konishi I, Heike T, Konishi Y, Sato K, Egawa M, Takahashi Y, Watanabe M, Yasumi R, Hirabayashi K, Morita M, Konishi K, Hirooka Y, Fukumoto S, Teshima R, Inoue T, Harada T, Kanzaki S, Maegaki Y, Ohno K, Koeda T, Amano H, Masumoto T. The impact of exposure to desert dust on infants' symptoms and countermeasures to reduce the effects. Allergy 2020; 75:1435-1445. [PMID: 31886894 DOI: 10.1111/all.14166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between particulate matter (PM), including desert dust, and allergic symptoms has not been well studied. We examined whether PM exacerbated nose/eye/respiratory symptoms in infants, with a focus on the desert dust element, and assessed possible countermeasures. METHODS We conducted a panel study of 1492 infants from October 2014 to July 2016 in 3 regions in Japan as an adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Infants' daily symptom scores and behaviors were acquired by web-based questionnaires sent to mothers, who answered within a day using mobile phones. Odds ratios (OR) for symptom development per increased fine PM or desert dust exposure were estimated. Regular use of medications and behaviors on the day of exposure were investigated as possible effect modifiers. RESULTS Infants developed nose/eye/respiratory symptoms significantly more often in accordance with fine particulate levels (adjusted OR per 10 µg/m3 increase: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.07). A model including both fine particulates and desert dust showed reduced OR for fine particulates and robust OR for desert dust (adjusted OR per 0.1/km increase: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.23). An increased OR was observed both in infants who had previously wheezed and in those who had never wheezed. Receiving information on the particulate forecast, reducing time outdoors, closing windows, and regular use of leukotriene receptor antagonists were significant effect modifiers. CONCLUSIONS Transborder desert dust arrival increased the risk of nose/eye/respiratory symptoms development in infants. Regular use of leukotriene receptor antagonists and other countermeasures reduced the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiko Itazawa
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Kumiko T. Kanatani
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Kyoto Regional Center Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Hidekuni Inadera
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Tomomi Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Takeo Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics Kyoto University School of Public Health Kyoto Japan
| | - Tohshin Go
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Kyoto Regional Center Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazunari Onishi
- Division of Environmental Health Graduate School of Public Health St.Luke's International University Tokyo Japan
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Tottori Japan
| | - Yoichi Kurozawa
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Tottori Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
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Ma J, Xu Y, Li W, Zhou Y, Wang D, Yang M, Wang B, Chen W. High-mobility group box 1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in crystalline silica induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Toxicol Lett 2020; 330:134-143. [PMID: 32428545 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Silicosis is an inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease caused by prolonged inhalation of silica. The potential role of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) and its underlying mechanisms in silicosis remain unclear. In this study, intratracheal instillation of a silica suspension was used to establish silicosis in male C57BL/6 mice. To elucidate the effects of HMGB-1 on the pathogenesis of silicosis, we used HMGB-1 neutralizing antibody (anti-HMGB-1) and recombinant HMGB-1 (rmHMGB-1) to abrogate or increase the HMGB-1 levels, respectively. At days 7, 28, and 84, the accumulation of macrophages and neutrophils decreased by anti-HMGB-1 treatment. The expression levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in lung increased in response to silica exposure across three time points; anti-HMGB-1 could alleviate those expressions at day 28 and 84. In contrast, rmHMGB-1 aggravated this process. At days 28 and 84, the protein expression of fibronectin and col1a1 decreased in the silica + anti-HMGB-1 groups but increased in silica + rmHMGB-1 groups compared to mice with silica alone. Further study suggested that HMGB-1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition participated in the development of silicosis. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate that HMGB-1 participates in the pathogenesis of silicosis and may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yiju Xu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Dai MY, Chen FF, Wang Y, Wang MZ, Lv YX, Liu RY. Particulate matters induce acute exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation via the TLR2/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Toxicol Lett 2019; 321:146-154. [PMID: 31836503 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to particulate matters (PMs) can lead to an acute exacerbation of allergic airway diseases, increasing the severity of symptoms and mortality. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PMs on acute exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation and seek potential therapeutic targets. METHODS Non-allergic control and ovalbumin (OVA)-allergic wide-type (WT) and Toll-like receptor 2 knockout (Tlr2-/-) mice were exposed to 100 μg of PM (diameter 5.85 μm) or saline by the oropharyngeal instillation. The responses were examined three days after exposure. In the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, Tlr2 was knocked down by small-interfering RNA or the NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23 was used, and then the cells were stimulated with PMs for 12 h before comparison of the inflammatory responses. RESULTS PM exposure led to increased inflammatory cell recruitment and airway intensity of PAS + staining in OVA-allergic WT mice, accompanied with an accumulation of inflammatory cells and elevated inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-18, in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, the protein levels of TLR2 and the NLRP3 inflammasome were elevated concomitantly with the airway inflammation post-OVA/PMs challenge. Tlr2 deficiency effectively inhibited the airway inflammation, including pulmonary inflammatory cell recruitment, mucus secretion, serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), and BALF inflammatory cytokine production. Additionally, the P-induced NLRP3 activation in the RAW 264.7 cell line was diminished by the knockdown of Tlr2 or JSH-23 treatment in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that PMs exacerbate the allergic airway inflammation mediated by the TLR2/ NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Inhibition of NF-κB seems to be a possible treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Anhui Geriatric Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fang-Fang Chen
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Anhui Geriatric Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mu-Zi Wang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Anhui Geriatric Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yun-Xiang Lv
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Anhui Geriatric Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rong-Yu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Anhui Geriatric Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Different types of adjuvants in prophylactic and therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccines in laboratory animals: a systematic review. Arch Virol 2019; 165:263-284. [PMID: 31802228 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical carcinoma, which and is the third most common cancer, accounting for 275,000 deaths annually worldwide. Adjuvants have a key role in promotion of vaccine efficacy; therefore, using prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines combined with adjuvant could be of great benefit in prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. There are different types of adjuvants, including MF59TM adjuvants, RNA-based, JY (interleukin2/chitosan), cholera toxin (CT), heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), Freund's adjuvant, alum, SA-4-1BBL, λ-carrageenan (λ-CGN), heat shock proteins (HSPs), juzen-taiho-to (JTT) and hochu-ekki-to (HET), ISCOM and ISCOMATRIX™, very small size proteoliposomes (VSSPs), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Adjuvants have various functions, especially in therapeutic vaccines, and they lead to an increase in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), so they are important in the design of vaccines. Here, we review the currently used adjuvants and their combinations with HPV protein vaccines in order to introduce an appropriate adjuvant for HPV vaccines.
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Moloudizargari M, Moradkhani F, Asghari N, Fallah M, Asghari MH, Moghadamnia AA, Abdollahi M. NLRP inflammasome as a key role player in the pathogenesis of environmental toxicants. Life Sci 2019; 231:116585. [PMID: 31226415 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental toxicants (ET) results in specific organ damage and auto-immune diseases, mostly mediated by inflammatory responses. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been found to be the major initiator of the associated pathologic inflammation. It has been found that ETs can trigger all the signals required for an NLRP3-mediated response. The exaggerated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its end product IL-1β, is responsible for the pathogenesis caused by many ETs including pesticides, organic pollutants, heavy metals, and crystalline compounds. Therefore, an extensive study of these chemicals and their mechanisms of inflammasome (INF) activation may provide the scientific evidence for possible targeting of this pathway by proposing possible protective agents that have been previously shown to affect INF compartments and its activation. Melatonin and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are among the safest and the most studied of these agents, which affect a wide variety of cellular and physiological processes. These molecules have been shown to suppress the NLRP3 inflammasome mostly through the regulation of cellular redox status and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, rendering them potential promising compounds to overcome ET-mediated organ damage. In the present review, we have made an effort to extensively review the ETs that exert their pathogenesis via the stimulation of inflammation, their precise mechanisms of action and the possible protective agents that could be potentially used to protect against such toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradkhani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Asghari
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Role of Nephronectin in Pathophysiology of Silicosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102581. [PMID: 31130697 PMCID: PMC6566895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a typical form of pneumoconiosis and is characterized as a type of lung fibrosis. Silica particles are captured and recognized upon by alveolar macrophages via the macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) scavenger receptor, and thereafter the inflammasome is activated. Thereafter, various chemokines/cytokines play their roles to eventually form fibrosis. Additionally, silica particles chronically activate T helper cells which sets the background for the formation of silicosis-associated autoimmune disturbances. The occurrence and progression of lung fibrosis, the extracellular matrix-related molecules such as integrins and their ligands including fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, and collagens, all play important roles. Here, the roles of these molecules in silicosis-related lung fibrosis are reviewed from the literature. Additionally, the measurement of serum nephronectin (Npnt), a new member of the integrin family of ligands, is discussed, together with investigations attempting to delineate the role of Npnt in silica-induced lung fibrosis. Serum Npnt was found to be higher in silicosis patients compared to healthy volunteers and seems to play a role in the progression of fibrosis with other cytokines. Therefore, serum Npnt levels may be employed as a suitable marker to monitor the progression of fibrosis in silicosis patients.
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Lee MSJ, Natsume-Kitatani Y, Temizoz B, Fujita Y, Konishi A, Matsuda K, Igari Y, Tsukui T, Kobiyama K, Kuroda E, Onishi M, Marichal T, Ise W, Inoue T, Kurosaki T, Mizuguchi K, Akira S, Ishii KJ, Coban C. B cell-intrinsic MyD88 signaling controls IFN-γ-mediated early IgG2c class switching in mice in response to a particulate adjuvant. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:1433-1440. [PMID: 31087643 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvants improve the potency of vaccines, but the modes of action (MOAs) of most adjuvants are largely unknown. TLR-dependent and -independent innate immune signaling through the adaptor molecule MyD88 has been shown to be pivotal to the effects of most adjuvants; however, MyD88's involvement in the TLR-independent MOAs of adjuvants is poorly understood. Here, using the T-dependent antigen NIPOVA and a unique particulate adjuvant called synthetic hemozoin (sHZ), we show that MyD88 is required for early GC formation and enhanced antibody class-switch recombination (CSR) in mice. Using cell-type-specific MyD88 KO mice, we found that IgG2c class switching, but not IgG1 class switching, was controlled by B cell-intrinsic MyD88 signaling. Notably, IFN-γ produced by various cells including T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells was the primary cytokine for IgG2c CSR and B-cell intrinsic MyD88 is required for IFN-γ production. Moreover, IFN-γ receptor (IFNγR) deficiency abolished sHZ-induced IgG2c production, while recombinant IFN-γ administration successfully rescued IgG2c CSR impairment in mice lacking B-cell intrinsic MyD88. Together, our results show that B cell-intrinsic MyD88 signaling is involved in the MOA of certain particulate adjuvants and this may enhance our specific understanding of how adjuvants and vaccines work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Sue Jann Lee
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yayoi Natsume-Kitatani
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Burcu Temizoz
- Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Fujita
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aki Konishi
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kyoko Matsuda
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Igari
- ZENOAQ, Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Co. Ltd., Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tsukui
- ZENOAQ, Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Co. Ltd., Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kouji Kobiyama
- Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kuroda
- Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoyasu Onishi
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Institute, and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Wataru Ise
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Cevayir Coban
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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44
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McHugh BJ, Wang R, Li HN, Beaumont PE, Kells R, Stevens H, Young L, Rossi AG, Gray RD, Dorin JR, Gwyer Findlay EL, Brough D, Davidson DJ. Cathelicidin is a "fire alarm", generating protective NLRP3-dependent airway epithelial cell inflammatory responses during infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007694. [PMID: 30978238 PMCID: PMC6481867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary infections are a major global cause of morbidity, exacerbated by an increasing threat from antibiotic-resistant pathogens. In this context, therapeutic interventions aimed at protectively modulating host responses, to enhance defence against infection, take on ever greater significance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important multidrug-resistant, opportunistic respiratory pathogen, the clearance of which can be enhanced in vivo by the innate immune modulatory properties of antimicrobial host defence peptides from the cathelicidin family, including human LL-37. Initially described primarily as bactericidal agents, cathelicidins are now recognised as multifunctional antimicrobial immunomodulators, modifying host responses to pathogens, but the key mechanisms involved in these protective functions are not yet defined. We demonstrate that P. aeruginosa infection of airway epithelial cells promotes extensive infected cell internalisation of LL-37, in a manner that is dependent upon epithelial cell interaction with live bacteria, but does not require bacterial Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS). Internalised LL-37 acts as a second signal to induce inflammasome activation in airway epithelial cells, which, in contrast to myeloid cells, are relatively unresponsive to P. aeruginosa. We demonstrate that this is mechanistically dependent upon cathepsin B release, and NLRP3-dependent activation of caspase 1. These result in LL-37-mediated release of IL-1β and IL-18 in a manner that is synergistic with P. aeruginosa infection, and can induce caspase 1-dependent death of infected epithelial cells, and promote neutrophil chemotaxis. We propose that cathelicidin can therefore act as a second signal, required by P. aeruginosa infected epithelial cells to promote an inflammasome-mediated altruistic cell death of infection-compromised epithelial cells and act as a "fire alarm" to enhance rapid escalation of protective inflammatory responses to an uncontrolled infection. Understanding this novel modulatory role for cathelicidins, has the potential to inform development of novel therapeutic strategies to antibiotic-resistant pathogens, harnessing innate immunity as a complementation or alternative to current interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. McHugh
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rongling Wang
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hsin-Ni Li
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paula E. Beaumont
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekah Kells
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Stevens
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Young
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adriano G. Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Robert D. Gray
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Julia R. Dorin
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Emily L. Gwyer Findlay
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David Brough
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Donald J. Davidson
- Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Queens’ Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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45
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A comparison between adjuvant and delivering functions of calcium phosphate, aluminum hydroxide and chitosan nanoparticles, using a model protein of Brucella melitensis Omp31. Immunol Lett 2019; 207:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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46
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Mishra PK, Palma M, Buechel B, Moore J, Davra V, Chu N, Millman A, Hallab NJ, Kanneganti TD, Birge RB, Behrens EM, Rivera A, Beebe KS, Benevenia J, Gause WC. Sterile particle-induced inflammation is mediated by macrophages releasing IL-33 through a Bruton's tyrosine kinase-dependent pathway. NATURE MATERIALS 2019; 18:289-297. [PMID: 30664693 PMCID: PMC6581031 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Initiation of the innate sterile inflammatory response that can develop in response to microparticle exposure is little understood. Here, we report that a potent type 2 immune response associated with the accumulation of neutrophils, eosinophils and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages was observed in response to sterile microparticles similar in size to wear debris associated with prosthetic implants. Although elevations in interleukin-33 (IL-33) and type 2 cytokines occurred independently of caspase-1 inflammasome signalling, the response was dependent on Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). IL-33 was produced by macrophages and BTK-dependent expression of IL-33 by macrophages was sufficient to initiate the type 2 response. Analysis of inflammation in patient periprosthetic tissue also revealed type 2 responses under aseptic conditions in patients undergoing revision surgery. These findings indicate that microparticle-induced sterile inflammation is initiated by macrophages activated to produce IL-33. They further suggest that both BTK and IL-33 may provide therapeutic targets for wear debris-induced periprosthetic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj K. Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
- Correspondence should be addressed to W.C.G ()
| | - Mark Palma
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
- Correspondence should be addressed to W.C.G ()
| | - Bonnie Buechel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
| | - Jeffrey Moore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seton Hall University – St. Joseph’s Regional Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, 07503
| | - Viralkumar Davra
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
| | - Niansheng Chu
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Ariel Millman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
| | - Nadim J. Hallab
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | | | - Raymond B. Birge
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Cancer Center, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
| | - Edward M. Behrens
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Amariliz Rivera
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
| | - Kathleen S. Beebe
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
| | - Joseph Benevenia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
| | - William C. Gause
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103
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47
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Naito Y, Hamaoka S, Kinoshita M, Kainuma A, Shimizu M, Katoh H, Moriyama K, Ishii KJ, Sawa T. The protective effects of nasal PcrV-CpG oligonucleotide vaccination against Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Microbiol Immunol 2019; 62:774-785. [PMID: 30378708 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An effective vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa would be hugely beneficial to people who are susceptible to the serious infections it can cause. Vaccination against PcrV of the P. aeruginosa type III secretion system is a potential prophylactic strategy for improving the incidence and prognosis of P. aeruginosa pneumonia. Here, the effect of nasal PcrV adjuvanted with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG) was compared with a nasal PcrV/aluminum hydroxide gel (alum) vaccine. Seven groups of mice were vaccinated intranasally with one of the following: 1, PcrV-CpG; 2, PcrV-alum; 3, PcrV alone; 4, CpG alone; 5, alum alone; 6 and 7, saline control. Fifty days after the first immunization, anti-PcrV IgG, IgA and IgG isotype titers were measured; significant increases in these titers were detected only in the PcrV-CpG vaccinated mice. The vaccinated mice were then intratracheally infected with a lethal dose of P. aeruginosa and their body temperatures and survival monitored for 24 hr, edema, bacteria, myeloperoxidase activity and lung histology also being evaluated at 24 hr post-infection. It was found that 73% of the PcrV-CpG-vaccinated mice survived, whereas fewer than 30% of the mice vaccinated with PcrV-alum or adjuvant alone survived. Lung edema and other inflammation-related variables were less severe in the PcrV-CpG group. The significant increase in PcrV-specific IgA titers detected following PcrV-CpG vaccination is probably a component of the disease protection mechanism. Overall, our data show that intranasal PcrV-CpG vaccination has potential efficacy for clinical application against P. aeruginosa pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Naito
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Saeko Hamaoka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mao Kinoshita
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kainuma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masaru Shimizu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hideya Katoh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Moriyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Asagi, Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.,Laboratory of Vaccine Science, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier International Research Center, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Teiji Sawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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48
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Rodríguez-Alcázar JF, Ataide MA, Engels G, Schmitt-Mabmunyo C, Garbi N, Kastenmüller W, Latz E, Franklin BS. Charcot-Leyden Crystals Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Cause IL-1β Inflammation in Human Macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 202:550-558. [PMID: 30559319 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs) are Galectin-10 protein crystals that can form after eosinophils degranulate. CLCs can appear and persist in tissues from patients with eosinophilic disorders, such as asthma, allergic reactions, and fungal and helminthic infections. Despite abundant reports of their occurrence in human disease, the inflammatory potential of CLCs has remained unknown. In this article, we show that CLCs induce the release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β upon their phagocytosis by primary human macrophages in vitro. Chemical inhibition and small interfering RNA knockdown of NLRP3 in primary human macrophages abrogated their IL-1β response to CLCs. Using C57BL/6 ASC-mCitrine transgenic inflammasome reporter mice, we showed that the instillation of CLCs into the lungs promoted the assembly of ASC complexes in infiltrating immune cells (neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes) and resulted in IL-1β accumulation into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Our findings reveal that CLCs are recognized by the NLRP3 inflammasome, which may sustain inflammation that follows eosinophilic inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Antonio Ataide
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Gudrun Engels
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | | | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655; and.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Bernardo S Franklin
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany;
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49
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Shirasuna K, Karasawa T, Takahashi M. Exogenous nanoparticles and endogenous crystalline molecules as danger signals for the NLRP3 inflammasomes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5436-5450. [PMID: 30370619 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasome mechanisms are involved as some of the pathways of sterile inflammation. Inflammasomes are large multiprotein complexes in the cytosol and are a key system for the production of the pivotal inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. Although a number of inflammasomes have been described, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is the most extensively investigated inflammasome. Exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns released during infection and endogenous crystalline danger/damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are well-known activators of NLRP3 inflammasomes. In addition, nanoparticle-associated molecular patterns (NAMPs), which are mediated by synthetic materials, including nanomaterials and nanoparticles, are proposed to be new danger signals of NLRP3 inflammasomes. Importantly, NAMP- and DAMP-triggered inflammation, a defining characteristic in inflammatory diseases, is termed as sterile inflammation because it occurs in the absence of foreign pathogens. This review focuses on the role of inflammasomes in exogenous NAMP- and endogenous crystalline DAMP-mediated sterile inflammation. Moreover, many regulatory mechanisms have been identified to attenuate NLRP3 inflammasomes. Therefore, we also summarize endogenous negative regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, particularly induced by NAMPs or crystalline DAMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koumei Shirasuna
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Karasawa
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
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50
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IL-6, IL-17 and Stat3 are required for auto-inflammatory syndrome development in mouse. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15783. [PMID: 30361689 PMCID: PMC6202393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Auto-inflammatory syndrome, a condition clinically distinct from rheumatoid arthritis, is characterized by systemic inflammation in tissues such as major joints, skin, and internal organs. Autonomous innate-immune activation is thought to promote this inflammation, but underlying pathological mechanisms have not been clarified nor are treatment strategies established. Here, we newly established a mouse model in which IL-1 signaling is conditionally activated in adult mice (hIL-1 cTg) and observed phenotypes similar to those seen in auto-inflammatory syndrome patients. In serum of hIL-1 cTg mice, IL-6 and IL-17 levels significantly increased, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) was activated in joints. When we crossed hIL-1 cTg with either IL-6- or IL-17-deficient mice or with Stat3 conditional knockout mice, phenotypes seen in hIL-1 cTg mice were significantly ameliorated. Thus, IL-6, IL-17 and Stat3 all represent potential therapeutic targets for this syndrome.
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