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Kawashima-Sonoyama Y, Hotsubo T, Hamajima T, Hamajima N, Fujimoto M, Namba N, Kanzaki S. Various phenotypes of short stature with heterozygous IGF-1 receptor ( IGF1R) mutations. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2022; 31:59-67. [PMID: 35431446 PMCID: PMC8981046 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.2021-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawashima-Sonoyama
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Hamajima
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Aichi Children’s Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
| | - Naoki Hamajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanobu Fujimoto
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Namba
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
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2
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Isojima T, Kato N, Ito Y, Kanzaki S, Murata M. Corrigendum to "Growth standard charts for Japanese children with mean and standard deviation (SD) values based on the year 2000 national survey". Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2022; 31:209. [PMID: 35928378 PMCID: PMC9297166 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.31.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Isojima
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Kato
- Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education, Jumonji University, Niiza, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan
- Faculty of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Kitami, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Murata
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan
- Health Center, Wayo Women's University, Chiba, Japan
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Fukushima K, Itaba N, Kono Y, Okazaki S, Enokida S, Kuranobu N, Murakami J, Enokida M, Nagashima H, Kanzaki S, Namba N, Shiota G. Secreted matrix metalloproteinase-14 is a predictor for antifibrotic effect of IC-2-engineered mesenchymal stem cell sheets on liver fibrosis in mice. Regen Ther 2021; 18:292-301. [PMID: 34504910 PMCID: PMC8399086 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transplantation of IC-2-engineered bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) sheets (IC-2 sheets) was previously reported to potentially reduce liver fibrosis. Methods This study prepared IC-2-engineered cell sheets from multiple lots of BM-MSCs and examined the therapeutic effects of these cell sheets on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. The predictive factors for antifibrotic effect on liver fibrosis were tried to identify in advance. Results Secreted matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-14 was found to be a useful predictive factor to reduce liver fibrosis. Moreover, the cutoff index of MMP-14 for 30% reduction of liver fibrosis was 0.918 fg/cell, judging from univariate analysis and receiver operating curve analysis. In addition, MMP-13 activity and thioredoxin contents in IC-2 sheets were also inversely correlated with hepatic hydroxyproline contents. Finally, IC-2 was also found to promote MMP-14 secretion from BM-MSCs of elderly patients. Surprisingly, the values of secreted MMP-14 from BM-MSCs of elderly patients were much higher than those of young persons. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the IC-2 sheets would be applicable to clinical use in autologous transplantation for patients with cirrhosis regardless of the patient's age. IC-2- sheets from multiple lots of BM-MSCs ameliorate liver fibrosis in mice. Secreted MMP-14 is a useful predictive marker to reduce liver fibrosis. MMP-13 and thioredoxin in IC-2 sheets were also associated with liver fibrosis. IC-2 also promotes MMP-14 secretion from BM-MSCs of elderly patients.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- BM-MSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- C3, complement C3
- CCl4, carbon tetrachloride
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EDTA, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid
- FACS, Fluorescence-activated cell sorter
- FALD, fontan-associated liver disease
- GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HCC, hepatic cellular carcinoma
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HSCs, hepatic stellate cells
- Hepatic cell sheets
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- LC, liver cirrhosis
- MMP-14, matrix metalloproteinase
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Matrix metalloproteinase-14
- Mesenchymal stem cells
- Wnt/β-catenin signal inhibitor
- chronic liver injury
- hBM-MNCs, human bone marrow mononuclear cells
- iPS cells, induced pluripotent stem cells
- αSMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Fukushima
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Noriko Itaba
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yohei Kono
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Shizuma Okazaki
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Shinpei Enokida
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Naomi Kuranobu
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Jun Murakami
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Makoto Enokida
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hideki Nagashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
- Asahigawaso Rehabilitation & Medical Center, Okayama, 703-8555, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Namba
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Goshi Shiota
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
- Corresponding author. Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan. Fax: +81-859-38-6430.
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Hosoe J, Kawashima-Sonoyama Y, Miya F, Kadowaki H, Suzuki K, Kato T, Matsuzawa F, Aikawa SI, Okada Y, Tsunoda T, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S, Shojima N, Yamauchi T, Kadowaki T. Genotype-Structure-Phenotype Correlations of Disease-Associated IGF1R Variants and Similarities to Those of INSR Variants. Diabetes 2021; 70:1874-1884. [PMID: 34074726 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported genotype-phenotype correlations in 12 missense variants causing severe insulin resistance, located in the second and third fibronectin type III (FnIII) domains of the insulin receptor (INSR), containing the α-β cleavage and part of insulin-binding sites. This study aimed to identify genotype-phenotype correlations in FnIII domain variants of IGF1R, a structurally related homolog of INSR, which may be associated with growth retardation, using the recently reported crystal structures of IGF1R. A structural bioinformatics analysis of five previously reported disease-associated heterozygous missense variants and a likely benign variant in the FnIII domains of IGF1R predicted that the disease-associated variants would severely impair the hydrophobic core formation and stability of the FnIII domains or affect the α-β cleavage site, while the likely benign variant would not affect the folding of the domains. A functional analysis of these variants in CHO cells showed impaired receptor processing and autophosphorylation in cells expressing the disease-associated variants but not in those expressing the wild-type form or the likely benign variant. These results demonstrated genotype-phenotype correlations in the FnIII domain variants of IGF1R, which are presumably consistent with those of INSR and would help in the early diagnosis of patients with disease-associated IGF1R variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hosoe
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawashima-Sonoyama
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo
| | | | - Ken Suzuki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hanaki
- School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Asahigawaso Rehabilitation and Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Shojima
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Yokoyama H, Okada S, Yamada Y, Kitamoto K, Inaga S, Nakane H, Kaidoh T, Honda K, Kanzaki S, Namba N. Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy may allow early diagnosis of human renal transplant antibody-mediated rejection. Biomed Res 2021; 41:81-90. [PMID: 32307401 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.41.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is an important cause of both short- and long-term injury to renal allografts. Transplant glomerulopathy (TG) is strongly associated with ABMR and reduced graft survival. Ultrastructural changes in early-stage ABMR include TG as a duplication of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), which can be observed only by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) is a new technique that allows comparatively inexpensive, rapid, and convenient observations with high magnification. We analyzed human renal transplants using LVSEM and evaluated the ultrastructural changes representing TG in ABMR. GBM duplication was more clearly visible in the LVSEM images than in the light microscopy (LM) images. In the ABMR group, the cg score of the Banff classification was higher in 54% (7/13) of specimens for LVSEM images than for LM images. And 4 specimens exhibited duplication of the GBM analyzed by LVSEM, but not by LM. In addition, three-dimensional ultrastructural changes, such as coarse meshwork structures of GBM, were observed in ABMR specimens. The ABMR group also exhibited ultrastructural changes in the peritubular capillary basement membranes. In conclusion, analyses of renal transplant tissues using LVSEM allows the identification of GBM duplication and ultrastructural changes of basement membranes at the electron microscopic level, and is useful for early-stage diagnosis of ABMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yokoyama
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Shinichi Okada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Yuko Yamada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Koichi Kitamoto
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Sumire Inaga
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Hironobu Nakane
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | | | - Kazuho Honda
- Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Noriyuki Namba
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
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Itazawa T, Kanatani KT, Hamazaki K, Inadera H, Tsuchida A, Tanaka T, Nakayama T, Go T, Onishi K, Kurozawa Y, Adachi Y, Konishi I, Heike T, Konishi Y, Sato K, Egawa M, Takahashi Y, Watanabe M, Yasumi R, Hirabayashi K, Morita M, Konishi K, Hirooka Y, Fukumoto S, Teshima R, Inoue T, Harada T, Kanzaki S, Maegaki Y, Ohno K, Koeda T, Amano H, Masumoto T. The impact of exposure to desert dust on infants' symptoms and countermeasures to reduce the effects. Allergy 2020; 75:1435-1445. [PMID: 31886894 DOI: 10.1111/all.14166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between particulate matter (PM), including desert dust, and allergic symptoms has not been well studied. We examined whether PM exacerbated nose/eye/respiratory symptoms in infants, with a focus on the desert dust element, and assessed possible countermeasures. METHODS We conducted a panel study of 1492 infants from October 2014 to July 2016 in 3 regions in Japan as an adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Infants' daily symptom scores and behaviors were acquired by web-based questionnaires sent to mothers, who answered within a day using mobile phones. Odds ratios (OR) for symptom development per increased fine PM or desert dust exposure were estimated. Regular use of medications and behaviors on the day of exposure were investigated as possible effect modifiers. RESULTS Infants developed nose/eye/respiratory symptoms significantly more often in accordance with fine particulate levels (adjusted OR per 10 µg/m3 increase: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.07). A model including both fine particulates and desert dust showed reduced OR for fine particulates and robust OR for desert dust (adjusted OR per 0.1/km increase: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.23). An increased OR was observed both in infants who had previously wheezed and in those who had never wheezed. Receiving information on the particulate forecast, reducing time outdoors, closing windows, and regular use of leukotriene receptor antagonists were significant effect modifiers. CONCLUSIONS Transborder desert dust arrival increased the risk of nose/eye/respiratory symptoms development in infants. Regular use of leukotriene receptor antagonists and other countermeasures reduced the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiko Itazawa
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Kumiko T. Kanatani
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Kyoto Regional Center Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Hidekuni Inadera
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Tomomi Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Takeo Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics Kyoto University School of Public Health Kyoto Japan
| | - Tohshin Go
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Kyoto Regional Center Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazunari Onishi
- Division of Environmental Health Graduate School of Public Health St.Luke's International University Tokyo Japan
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Tottori Japan
| | - Yoichi Kurozawa
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Tottori Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan
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7
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Yokoyama H, Sakaguchi M, Yamada Y, Kitamoto K, Okada S, Kanzaki S, Namba N. Successful Treatment of Cyst Infection in an Infant With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Using Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:216. [PMID: 32582581 PMCID: PMC7280440 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease causing renal cysts. Reports on kidney cyst infection in children are rare despite cyst infections being important complications of ADPKD. Here, we report a case of a child without any medical history who had a urinary tract infection with sepsis at 7 months. Leukocyturia persisted despite antibiotic therapy because the infection was treatment-resistant. Initial ultrasound and contrast computed tomography were inconclusive because cysts could not be detected clearly, and a family history of renal cysts was not determined. Subsequently, history of paternal renal cysts, thick walls in infectious cystic lesions on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and multiple small lesions with high signals on T2-weighted imaging in both kidneys became apparent. Upon diagnosis of ADPKD with cyst infection, antibiotic therapy was switched from cefotaxime to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole to achieve better cyst penetration, which successfully resolved the infection. In this patient, MRI was effective for clear visualization and diagnosis of infectious lesions and small cysts in undiagnosed ADPKD with cyst infection. Administering antibiotics with better cyst penetration is important. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is an option for use in children. This is the first case report that describes ADPKD with cyst infection in an infant in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yokoyama
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Mayumi Sakaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yuko Yamada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Koichi Kitamoto
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Shinichi Okada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Asahigawaso Rehabilitation and Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Namba
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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8
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Okuno K, Yoneda N, Nishimura R, Sano H, Ueyama JI, Komatsu H, Harada T, Matsushita M, Kuwamoto S, Horie Y, Kanzaki S. Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor with Elevated Peripheral Interleukin-6 Level Shows Prolonged Fever and Delayed Puberty. Yonago Acta Med 2019; 62:263-267. [PMID: 31582893 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT), classified as a sex cord-stromal tumor, is a rare neoplasm. This is an instructive case report of JGCT accompanied by augmented interleukin (IL)-6 secretion. A 13-year-old girl with prolonged fever and delayed puberty was diagnosed with JGCT of the left ovary based on an imaging study and pathological investigation. Although it was not clear whether IL-6 was secreted from the tumor cells, her serum level of IL-6 was very high. After tumorectomy, the patient's symptoms immediately disappeared, her IL-6 level decreased, and she entered puberty. Therefore, augmented IL-6 secretion production induced by tumors should be considered a potential cause of prolonged fever and/or delayed puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Okuno
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yoneda
- Department of Pediatrics, Matsue City Hospital, Matsue 690-8509, Japan
| | - Rei Nishimura
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sano
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Ueyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Matsue City Hospital, Matsue 690-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Japanese Red Cross Yamaguchi Hospital, Yamaguchi 753-0092, Japan
| | - Tasuku Harada
- Division of Reproductive-Perinatal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Michiko Matsushita
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwamoto
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yasushi Horie
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Yokoya S, Hasegawa T, Ozono K, Tanaka H, Kanzaki S, Tanaka T, Chihara K, Jia N, Child CJ, Ihara K, Funai J, Iwamoto N, Seino Y. Responses to the Letter to the Editor "Does growth-hormone treatment affect patients with and without a mitochondrial disorder differentially ?" (Vol. 27, No. 2, p. 107-108, 2018). Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2018; 27:201-202. [PMID: 30083039 PMCID: PMC6073060 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.27.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Yokoya
- Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Kazuo Chihara
- Hyogo Prefectural Kakogawa Medical Center, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Nan Jia
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | - Jumpei Funai
- Scientific Communications, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kobe, Japan
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Yokoya S, Hasegawa T, Ozono K, Tanaka H, Kanzaki S, Tanaka T, Chihara K, Jia N, Child CJ, Ihara K, Funai J, Iwamoto N, Seino Y. Incidence of diabetes mellitus and neoplasia in Japanese short-statured children treated with growth hormone in the Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short Stature International Study (GeNeSIS). Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2017; 26:229-241. [PMID: 29026272 PMCID: PMC5627224 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.26.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of the Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short Stature International
Study (GeNeSIS) was to assess the safety and effectiveness of Humatrope®, a GH
preparation, in the treatment of pediatric patients with short stature. We report our
findings in the GH-treated Japanese pediatric population focusing on the incidence of type
2 diabetes (T2D) and occurrence of neoplasms. A total of 2,345 Japanese patients were
assessed for safety. During a mean observation period of 3.2 yr, T2D occurred in 3
patients (0.13%) and slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM)
related to underlying mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like
episodes (MELAS) in 1 patient (0.04%). Neoplasms were reported in 13 patients (0.56%),
including 1 patient with brain tumor (germinoma) and 5 with craniopharyngiomas (4
recurrences); the remainder were benign, typically dermatological, neoplasms. The
incidence of diabetes mellitus determined in the study did not differ from previous
reports in GH-treated pediatric patients, and there was no apparent increase in the risk
of new neoplastic lesions or malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Yokoya
- Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Kazuo Chihara
- Hyogo Prefectural Kakogawa Medical Center, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Nan Jia
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | - Jumpei Funai
- Scientific Communications, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kobe, Japan
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11
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Fujimoto M, Sonoyama YK, Fukushima K, Imamoto A, Miyahara F, Miyahara N, Nishimura R, Yamada Y, Miura M, Adachi K, Nanba E, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S. Increased IRS2 mRNA Expression in SGA Neonates: PCR Analysis of Insulin/IGF Signaling in Cord Blood. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:1408-1416. [PMID: 29264464 PMCID: PMC5695653 DOI: 10.1210/js.2017-00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic problem among small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates. However, the pathological mechanism and insulin/ insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling axis in neonates remain unknown. Objective: To determine the insulin/IGF axis in neonates, we analyzed the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of insulin/IGF signaling in fetal umbilical cord blood. Setting: The Perinatal Medical Center of Tottori University Hospital. Participants: Fifty-two [42 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) and 10 SGA] neonates. Interventions: Immediately collected cord blood was placed into a PAXgene Blood RNA Tube. Total RNA from the blood was purified using reagents provided in the PAXgene Blood RNA Kit within 4 days, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. Main Outcome Measure: Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was applied to evaluate the mRNA expression of insulin receptor (INSR), IGF-I receptor (IGF1R), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), IRS2, and glucose transporters (SLC2A2 and SLC2A4). β-Actin was used as a control gene. Results: Serum glucose and IGF-I levels in SGA neonates were significantly lower. The cord serum insulin levels were similar between AGA and SGA neonates. The IRS2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in SGA than in AGA neonates (P < 0.05). The IRS2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in hypoglycemic SGA neonates than in normoglycemic SGA neonates. Conclusions: We determined that intrauterine growth restriction induces increased IRS2 mRNA expression in cord blood, without hyperinsulinemia. The increased expression of IRS2 mRNA might be associated with abnormal glucose metabolism in SGA neonates. Our findings might lead to the elucidation of abnormal glucose metabolism in SGA neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Fujimoto
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Yuki Kawashima Sonoyama
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Kenji Fukushima
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Aya Imamoto
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Fumiko Miyahara
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Naoki Miyahara
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Rei Nishimura
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Yuko Yamada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Mazumi Miura
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Kaori Adachi
- Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Eiji Nanba
- Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Keiichi Hanaki
- Department of Women's and Children's Family Nursing, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan 683-8504
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12
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Ihara K, Fukano C, Ayabe T, Fukami M, Ogata T, Kawamura T, Urakami T, Kikuchi N, Yokota I, Takemoto K, Mukai T, Nishii A, Kikuchi T, Mori T, Shimura N, Sasaki G, Kizu R, Takubo N, Soneda S, Fujisawa T, Takaya R, Kizaki Z, Kanzaki S, Hanaki K, Matsuura N, Kasahara Y, Kosaka K, Takahashi T, Minamitani K, Matsuo S, Mochizuki H, Kobayashi K, Koike A, Horikawa R, Teno S, Tsubouchi K, Mochizuki T, Igarashi Y, Amemiya S, Sugihara S. FUT2 non-secretor status is associated with Type 1 diabetes susceptibility in Japanese children. Diabet Med 2017; 34:586-589. [PMID: 27859559 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the contribution of the FUT2 gene and ABO blood type to the development of Type 1 diabetes in Japanese children. METHODS We analysed FUT2 variants and ABO genotypes in a total of 531 Japanese children diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes and 448 control subjects. The possible association of FUT2 variants and ABO genotypes with the onset of Type 1 diabetes was statistically examined. RESULTS The se2 genotype (c.385A>T) of the FUT2 gene was found to confer susceptibility to Type 1A diabetes in a recessive effects model [odds ratio for se2/se2, 1.68 (95% CI 1.20-2.35); corrected P value = 0.0075]. CONCLUSIONS The FUT2 gene contributed to the development of Type 1 diabetes in the present cohort of Japanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ihara
- Department of Paediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Oita University School of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - C Fukano
- Department of Paediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Ayabe
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Ogata
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - T Kawamura
- Department of Paediatrics, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Urakami
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Kikuchi
- Department of Paediatrics, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - I Yokota
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuji, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Takemoto
- Department of Paediatrics, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Sumitomo Besshi Hospital, Niihama, Japan
| | - T Mukai
- Department of Paediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - A Nishii
- Department of Paediatrics, JR Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - T Kikuchi
- Department of Paediatrics, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Mori
- Department of Paediatrics, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Nagano, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Shinshu Ueda Medical Centre, Ueda, Japan
| | - N Shimura
- Department of Paediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuga, Japan
| | - G Sasaki
- Department of Paediatrics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - R Kizu
- Department of Paediatrics, Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - N Takubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Soneda
- Department of Paediatrics, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - T Fujisawa
- Department of Paediatrics, National Mie Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - R Takaya
- Department of Paediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Z Kizaki
- Department of Paediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Kanzaki
- Department of Paediatrics, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - K Hanaki
- Department of Paediatrics, Tottori Prefectural Kousei Hospital, Kurayoshi, Japan
| | - N Matsuura
- Department of Paediatrics, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Early Childhood Care and Education, Seitoku University Junior College, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Y Kasahara
- Department of Paediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - K Kosaka
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - K Minamitani
- Department of Paediatrics, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - S Matsuo
- Matsuo Kodomo Clinic, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Mochizuki
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Saitama Children's Medical Centre, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Kobayashi
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo, Japan
| | - A Koike
- Miyanosawa Koike Child Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - R Horikawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Medical Centre for Children and Mothers, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Teno
- Teno Clinic, Izumo, Japan
| | - K Tsubouchi
- Department of Paediatrics, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Japan
| | - T Mochizuki
- Department of Paediatrics, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Igarashi
- Igarashi Children's Clinic, Sendai, Japan
| | - S Amemiya
- Department of Paediatrics, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Sugihara
- Department of Paediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Centre East, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Kawashima Sonoyama Y, Tajima T, Fujimoto M, Hasegawa A, Miyahara N, Nishimura R, Hashida Y, Hayashi A, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S. A novel frameshift mutation in NR3C2 leads to decreased expression of mineralocorticoid receptor: a family with renal pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1. Endocr J 2017; 64:83-90. [PMID: 27725360 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej16-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA1) is a rare genetic disease characterized by resistance to aldosterone, and the renal form of PHA1 is associated with heterozygous inactivating mutations in NR3C2, which encodes mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Here we report a case of renal PHA1 due to a novel frameshift mutation in NR3C2. A 10-day-old Japanese male infant, born at 39 weeks gestation (birth weight, 2,946 g), was admitted to our hospital because of lethargy and vomiting, with a 6.7% weight loss since birth. Laboratory test results were: Na+, 132 mEq/L; K+, 6.6 mEq/L; Cl+, 93 mEq/L. Both plasma aldosterone level and plasma renin activity were markedly elevated at diagnosis, 2,940 ng/dL (normal range: 26.9-75.8 ng/dL) and 560 ng/mL/h (normal range 3.66-12.05 ng/mL/h), respectively. Direct sequence analysis of NR3C2 revealed a novel heterozygous mutation (c.3252delC) in the patient and his father. The mutation causes a frameshift starting at amino acid I 963 within the C terminal ligand-binding domain of MR and results in a putative abnormal stop codon at amino acid 994, with an extension of 10 amino acids compared to normal MR. We performed cell culture experiments to determine the levels of mutant NR3C2 mRNA and MR, and evaluate the effects of the mutation on MR response to aldosterone. The mutation decreased the expression of MR, but not NR3C2 mRNA, and led to decreased MR function, with no dominant negative effect. These results provide important information about MR function and NR3C2 mutation in PHA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawashima Sonoyama
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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14
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Ayabe T, Fukami M, Ogata T, Kawamura T, Urakami T, Kikuchi N, Yokota I, Ihara K, Takemoto K, Mukai T, Nishii A, Kikuchi T, Mori T, Shimura N, Sasaki G, Kizu R, Takubo N, Soneda S, Fujisawa T, Takaya R, Kizaki Z, Kanzaki S, Hanaki K, Matsuura N, Kasahara Y, Kosaka K, Takahashi T, Minamitani K, Matsuo S, Mochizuki H, Kobayashi K, Koike A, Horikawa R, Teno S, Tsubouchi K, Mochizuki T, Igarashi Y, Amemiya S, Sugihara S. Variants associated with autoimmune Type 1 diabetes in Japanese children: implications for age-specific effects of cis-regulatory haplotypes at 17q12-q21. Diabet Med 2016; 33:1717-1722. [PMID: 27352912 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of previously reported susceptibility variants in the development of autoimmune Type 1 diabetes in non-white children. Tested variants included rs2290400, which has been linked to Type 1 diabetes only in one study on white people. Haplotypes at 17q12-q21 encompassing rs2290400 are known to determine the susceptibility of early-onset asthma by affecting the expression of flanking genes. METHODS We genotyped 63 variants in 428 Japanese people with childhood-onset autoimmune Type 1 diabetes and 457 individuals without diabetes. Possible association between variants and age at diabetes onset was examined using age-specific quantitative trait locus analysis and ordered-subset regression analysis. RESULTS Ten variants, including rs2290400 in GSDMB, were more frequent among the people with Type 1 diabetes than those without diabetes. Of these, rs689 in INS and rs231775 in CTLA4 yielded particularly high odds ratios of 5.58 (corrected P value 0.001; 95% CI 2.15-14.47) and 1.64 (corrected P value 5.3 × 10-5 ; 95% CI 1.34-2.01), respectively. Age-specific effects on diabetes susceptibility were suggested for rs2290400; heterozygosity of the risk alleles was associated with relatively early onset of diabetes, and the allele was linked to the phenotype exclusively in the subgroup of age at onset ≤ 5.0 years. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that rs2290400 in GSDMB and polymorphisms in INS and CTLA4 are associated with the risk of Type 1 diabetes in Japanese children. Importantly, cis-regulatory haplotypes at 17q12-q21 encompassing rs2290400 probably determine the risk of autoimmune Type 1 diabetes predominantly in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ayabe
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Ogata
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - T Kawamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Urakami
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - I Yokota
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuji, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Ihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Hospital, Yufu, Japan
| | - K Takemoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Sumitomo Besshi Hospital, Niihama, Japan
| | - T Mukai
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - A Nishii
- Department of Pediatrics, JR Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - T Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Nagano, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu Ueda Medical Center, Ueda, Japan
| | - N Shimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuga, Japan
| | - G Sasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - R Kizu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - N Takubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Soneda
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - T Fujisawa
- Department of Pediatrics, National Mie Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - R Takaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Z Kizaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Kanzaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - K Hanaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Tottori Prefectural Kousei Hospital, Kurayoshi, Japan
| | - N Matsuura
- Department of Pediatrics, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Early Childhood Care and Education, Seitoku University Junior College, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Y Kasahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - K Kosaka
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - K Minamitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - S Matsuo
- Matsuo Kodomo Clinic, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Mochizuki
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo, Japan
| | - A Koike
- Miyanosawa Koike Child Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - R Horikawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Medical Center for Children and Mothers, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Teno
- Teno Clinic, Izumo, Japan
| | - K Tsubouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Japan
| | - T Mochizuki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Igarashi
- Igarashi Children's Clinic, Sendai, Japan
| | - S Amemiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Sugihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Kuranobu H, Murakami J, Kuranobu N, Okamoto K, Murayama K, Kanzaki S. Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I deficiency causes intractable gastrointestinal symptoms. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:1337-1340. [PMID: 28008731 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 13-month-old girl with frequent vomiting, intractable diarrhea, hyperlactatemia, and liver dysfunction. Although the symptoms were treatment resistant, enteral nutrition formula containing medium-chain triglycerides reduced the weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea. Immunostaining of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes of the colonic mucosa confirmed the diagnosis of MRC complex I deficiency. This case shows that this disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of hyperlactatemia and intractable, cryptogenic gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, the mucosa of the affected gastrointestinal organ should be analyzed on immunostaining or electron microscopy for MRC complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kuranobu
- Division of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Jun Murakami
- Division of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Naomi Kuranobu
- Division of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Ken Okamoto
- Division of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
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16
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Maeda E, Higashi T, Hasegawa T, Yokoya S, Mochizuki T, Ishii T, Ito J, Kanzaki S, Shimatsu A, Takano K, Tajima T, Tanaka H, Tanahashi Y, Teramoto A, Nagai T, Hanew K, Horikawa R, Yorifuji T, Wada N, Tanaka T. Effects of financial support on treatment of adolescents with growth hormone deficiency: a retrospective study in Japan. BMC Health Serv Res 2016; 16:602. [PMID: 27769307 PMCID: PMC5073827 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-016-1854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment costs for children with growth hormone (GH) deficiency are subsidized by the government in Japan if the children meet clinical criteria, including height limits (boys: 156.4 cm; girls: 145.4 cm). However, several funding programs, such as a subsidy provided by local governments, can be used by those who exceed the height limits. In this study, we explored the impacts of financial support on GH treatment using this natural allocation. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 696 adolescent patients (451 boys and 245 girls) who reached the height limits was conducted. Associations between financial support and continuing treatment were assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, height, growth velocity, bone age, and adverse effects. RESULTS Of the 696 children in the analysis, 108 (15.5 %) were still eligible for financial support. The proportion of children who continued GH treatment was higher among those who were eligible for support than among those who were not (75.9 % vs. 52.0 %, P < 0.001). The odds ratios of financial support to continuing treatment were 4.04 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.86-8.78) in boys and 1.72 (95 % CI: 0.80-3.70) in girls, after adjusting for demographic characteristics and clinical factors. CONCLUSIONS Financial support affected decisions on treatment continuation for children with GH deficiency. Geographic variations in eligibility for financial support pose an ethical problem that needs policy attention. An appropriate balance between public spending on continuation of therapy and improved quality of life derived from it should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Maeda
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita-shi, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Takahiro Higashi
- Division of Health Services Research, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, The National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan. .,GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Susumu Yokoya
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mochizuki
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishii
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junko Ito
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akira Shimatsu
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koji Takano
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tajima
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tanahashi
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akira Teramoto
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshiro Nagai
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Hanew
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Reiko Horikawa
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toru Yorifuji
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naohiro Wada
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- GH Treatment Study Committee, The Foundation for Growth Science, 5-1-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Isojima T, Kato N, Ito Y, Kanzaki S, Murata M. Growth standard charts for Japanese children with mean and standard deviation (SD) values based on the year 2000 national survey. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2016; 25:71-6. [PMID: 27212799 PMCID: PMC4860518 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.25.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Isojima
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Kato
- Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education, Jumonji University, Niiza, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan; Faculty of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Kitami, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Murata
- The Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan; Health Center, Wayo Women's University, Chiba, Japan
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18
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Shima H, Tanaka T, Kamimaki T, Dateki S, Muroya K, Horikawa R, Kanno J, Adachi M, Naiki Y, Tanaka H, Mabe H, Yagasaki H, Kure S, Matsubara Y, Tajima T, Kashimada K, Ishii T, Asakura Y, Fujiwara I, Soneda S, Nagasaki K, Hamajima T, Kanzaki S, Jinno T, Ogata T, Fukami M. Systematic molecular analyses of SHOX in Japanese patients with idiopathic short stature and Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis. J Hum Genet 2016; 61:585-91. [PMID: 26984564 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of idiopathic short stature (ISS) and Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD) in European patients is known to include SHOX mutations and copy-number variations (CNVs) involving SHOX and/or the highly evolutionarily conserved non-coding DNA elements (CNEs) flanking the gene. However, the frequency and types of SHOX abnormalities in non-European patients and the clinical importance of mutations in the CNEs remains to be clarified. Here, we performed systematic molecular analyses of SHOX for 328 Japanese patients with ISS or LWD. SHOX abnormalities accounted for 3.8% of ISS and 50% of LWD cases. CNVs around SHOX were identified in 16 cases, although the ~47 kb deletion frequently reported in European patients was absent in our cases. Probably damaging mutations and benign/silent substitutions were detected in four cases, respectively. Although CNE-linked substitutions were detected in 15 cases, most of them affected poorly conserved nucleotides and were shared by unaffected individuals. These results suggest that the frequency and mutation spectrum of SHOX abnormalities are comparable between Asian and European patients, with the exception of a European-specific downstream deletion. Furthermore, this study highlights the clinical importance and genetic heterogeneity of the SHOX-flanking CNVs, and indicates a limited clinical significance of point mutations in the CNEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Shima
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pediatric Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tsutomu Kamimaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Shizuoka City Shimizu Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sumito Dateki
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Muroya
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Reiko Horikawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Kanno
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masanori Adachi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Naiki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Mabe
- Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yagasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsubara
- Department of Advanced Pediatric Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kashimada
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Asakura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ikuma Fujiwara
- Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shun Soneda
- Department of Pediatrics, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nagasaki
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Homeostatic Regulation and Development, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Hamajima
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Tomoko Jinno
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Kuranobu N, Murakami J, Okamoto K, Nishimura R, Murayama K, Takamura A, Umeda T, Eto Y, Kanzaki S. Cholesterol ester storage disease with a novel LIPA mutation (L264P) that presented massive hepatomegaly: A case report. Hepatol Res 2016; 46:477-82. [PMID: 26385844 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol ester storage disease (CESD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficient lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) activity, resulting in cholesteryl ester (CE) accumulation. CESD patients have liver disease associated with mixed dyslipidemia leading to liver failure. We here report the case of an 11-year-old male CESD patient with a novel mutation who had the chief complaint of massive hepatomegaly. The patient's liver reached to his pelvis, and his spleen was 2 cm below the costal margin. The patient had elevated serum liver enzymes and mixed dyslipidemia. The liver biopsy tissue showed characteristic CESD pathology, which included microvesicular steatosis, mild fibrosis and foamy macrophages. Electron microscopy showed a remnant cleft of CE crystals, and dried blood spot testing showed reduced LAL activity. We identified compound heterozygous mutations in the LIPA gene in this patient, namely, c.607G>C and c.791T>C. The former mutation was previously reported only in a Japanese patient, whereas the latter mutation is novel. The findings of this study suggest that LIPA gene mutations in Japanese CESD patients are different from those in Western patients. Although CESD is rare, it is likely that many patients are unrecognized or misdiagnosed, and thus the possibility of CESD should be considered in patients with hepatosplenomegaly and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Kuranobu
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Jun Murakami
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Ken Okamoto
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Rei Nishimura
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayumi Takamura
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshiko Umeda
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Eto
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
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20
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Tamaki H, Miura M, Nakamoto S, Horie T, Kanzaki S, Shimizu E, Amisaki T, Burioka N. Approximate Entropy of Respiratory Movements in Human Newborns during Different Sleep States. Yonago Acta Med 2016; 59:89-91. [PMID: 27046955 PMCID: PMC4816753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that the respiratory cycle of healthy newborns is more irregular during active sleep. This study aimed to apply non-linear analysis to examine the irregularity of respiratory movement in newborns at different sleep states. The respiratory movement signals from an abdominal band during quiet and active sleep were analyzed using approximate entropy (ApEn). The breathing interval of active sleep was significantly shorter than that of quiet sleep [1.30 (0.17) s vs. 1.58 (0.11) s; (P < 0.03)]. The ApEn of respiratory movements during active sleep were significantly larger than that during quiet sleep [0.785 (0.135) s vs. 0.678 (0.083) s; (P < 0.05)]. We found that the ApEn of respiratory movement in healthy newborns could detect irregularities in respiration during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Tamaki
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Mazumi Miura
- †Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Sachiko Nakamoto
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Takuya Horie
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- †Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Eiji Shimizu
- ‡Division of Medical Oncology and Molecular Respirology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takashi Amisaki
- §Department of Biological Regulation, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Naoto Burioka
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
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21
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Fujimoto M, Kawashima Sonoyama Y, Hamajima N, Hamajima T, Kumura Y, Miyahara N, Nishimura R, Adachi K, Nanba E, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S. Heterozygous nonsense mutations near the C-terminal region of IGF1R in two patients with small-for-gestational-age-related short stature. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015; 83:834-41. [PMID: 25866162 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The type I insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF1R) plays an important role in growth. We aimed to evaluate the detailed mechanism underlying the effect of IGF1R on human growth. PATIENTS AND METHODS We have performed sequence analysis of IGF1R in 55 patients with SGA short stature in Japan, since 2004, and identified novel heterozygous nonsense mutations in 2 patients: an 8-year-old Japanese boy (case 1), with a birthweight of 2228 g (-3·3 SDS) and height of 46 cm (-2·1 SDS), and a 3-year-old Japanese girl (case 2), with a birthweight of 2110 g (-3·0 SDS) and height of 44·3 cm (-2·8 SDS). Both patients had a short stature (-3·2 SDS, -3·1 SDS). We determined the protein expression of mutated IGF1R, assessed the effect of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway on mutated IGF1R, assessed the dominant-negative effect of IGF1R and performed quantitative RT-PCR analysis of IGF1R mRNA expression in whole blood cells. RESULTS Two novel heterozygous nonsense mutations (case 1: p.Q1250X and case 2: p.W1249X) were identified. Although these mutations did not affect blood IGF1R mRNA levels, they significantly decreased the expression of IGF1R protein in transiently transfected cells. Treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 showed significantly increased IGF1R protein. CONCLUSIONS Heterozygous nonsense mutations affecting the C-terminal region (p.Q1250X, p.W1249X) of IGF1R decreased the expression of IGF1R through the ERAD pathway. Our study revealed the importance of the C-terminal region and the dosage of this receptor for growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Fujimoto
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawashima Sonoyama
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Naoki Hamajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Hamajima
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kumura
- Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyahara
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Rei Nishimura
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kaori Adachi
- Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Eiji Nanba
- Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hanaki
- Department of Women's & Children's Family Nursing, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
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22
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Tanaka T, Igarashi Y, Ozono K, Ohyama K, Ogawa M, Osada H, Onigata K, Kanzaki S, Kohno H, Seino Y, Takahashi H, Tajima T, Tachibana K, Tanaka H, Nishi Y, Hasegawa T, Fujita K, Yorifuji T, Horikawa R, Yokoya S. Frequencies of spontaneous breast development and spontaneous menarche in Turner syndrome in Japan. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2015; 24:167-73. [PMID: 26568657 PMCID: PMC4628951 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.24.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Growject® database on human GH treatment in Turner syndrome was analyzed in the
Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, and the relationships of the frequencies of
spontaneous breast development and spontaneous menarche with karyotype and GH treatment
were investigated. One hundred and three cases started GH treatment with 0.5 IU/kg/ week
(0.5 IU group), and their dose was increased to 0.35 mg/kg/wk midway through the treatment
course. Another 109 cases started GH at a dose of 0.35 mg/kg/wk (0.35 mg group).
Spontaneous breast development was observed in 77 (36.3%) of the 212 patients, and
spontaneous menarche occurred in 31 patients (14.6%). The frequency of spontaneous breast
development was significantly lower in patients with the 45,X karyotype and significantly
higher in patients with a structural abnormality of the second X chromosome. The frequency
of spontaneous menarche was significantly higher in patients with mosaicism characterized
by X monosomy and a cellular line with no structural abnormality of the X chromosome. No
significant differences in frequencies of spontaneous breast development and spontaneous
menarche were observed between the two dose groups, indicating that GH treatment does not
increase the frequency of spontaneous puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Tanaka
- Tanaka Growth Clinic, Tokyo, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Igarashi
- Igarashi Children's Clinic, Sendai, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ozono
- Osaka University, Osaka, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohyama
- University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamichi Ogawa
- Ogawa Clinic, Nagoya, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisao Osada
- J.F. Oberlin University, Machida, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Onigata
- Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kohno
- Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan ; Present: Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Kasuga, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Seino
- JCHO Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takahashi
- Chiba City Ryoiku Center, Chiba, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tajima
- Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tachibana
- JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Ashiya, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Nishi
- Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Keio University, Tokyo, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keinosuke Fujita
- Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Yorifuji
- Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Horikawa
- National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Yokoya
- National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan ; Turner Syndrome Research Collaboration, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Nagata K, Okuno K, Ochi M, Kumata K, Sano H, Yoneda N, Ueyama JI, Matsushita M, Kuwamoto S, Kato M, Murakami I, Kanzaki S, Hayashi K. Production of thyrotropin receptor antibodies in acute phase of infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein-Barr virus primary infection: a case report of a child. Springerplus 2015; 4:456. [PMID: 26322262 PMCID: PMC4549369 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Various autoantibodies have been reported to be detected during the progression of infectious mononucleosis. We observed a case of infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein–Barr virus primary infection for 2 months, and noticed the transiently increased titer of thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies detected at the acute phase on the 3rd day after admission. At that time, real-time quantitative PCR also revealed the mRNA expressions of an immediate early lytic gene, BZLF1, and a latent gene, EBNA2. The expression of BZLF1 mRNA means that Epstein–Barr virus infects lytically, and EBNA2 protein has an important role in antibody production as well as the establishment of Epstein–Barr virus latency. These results suggest that Epstein–Barr virus lytic infection is relevant to thyrotropin receptor autoantibody production. Thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies stimulate thyroid follicular cells to produce excessive thyroid hormones and cause Graves’ disease. Recently, we reported the thyrotropin receptor autoantibody production from thyrotropin receptor autoantibody-predisposed Epstein–Barr virus-infected B cells by the induction of Epstein–Barr virus lytic infection in vitro. This case showed in vivo findings consistent with our previous reports, and is important to consider the pathophysiology of Graves’ disease and one of the mechanisms of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Nagata
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Keisuke Okuno
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504 Japan
| | - Marika Ochi
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Keisuke Kumata
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sano
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504 Japan
| | - Naohiro Yoneda
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504 Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Ueyama
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504 Japan
| | - Michiko Matsushita
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwamoto
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Masako Kato
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Ichiro Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hayashi
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
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24
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Okada S, Inaga S, Kitamoto K, Kawaba Y, Nakane H, Naguro T, Kaidoh T, Kanzaki S. Morphological diagnosis of Alport syndrome and thin basement membrane nephropathy by low vacuum scanning electron microscopy. Biomed Res 2015; 35:345-50. [PMID: 25355442 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.35.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alport syndrome (AS) and thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) are genetic disorders caused by mutations of the type IV collagen genes COL4A3, COL4A4, and/or COL4A5. We here aimed to investigate the three-dimensional ultrastructure of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in order to introduce a novel method of diagnosing AS and TBMN. The subjects were 4 patients with AS and 6 patients with TBMN. Conventional renal biopsy paraffin sections from AS and TBMN patients were stained with periodic acid methenamine silver (PAM) and observed directly under low vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM). The PAM-positive GBMs were clearly visible under LVSEM through the overlying cellular components. The GBMs showed characteristic coarse meshwork appearances in AS, and thin and sheet-like appearances in TBMN. At the cut side view of the capillary wall, the GBMs in AS appeared as fibrous inclusions between a podocyte and an endothelial cell, while the GBMs in TBMN showed thin linear appearances. These different findings of GBMs between AS and TBMN were easily observed under LVSEM. Thus, we conclude that three-dimensional morphological evaluation by LVSEM using conventional renal biopsy paraffin sections will likely be useful for the diagnosis of AS and TBMN, including for retrospective investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Okada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
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Murakami I, Oh Y, Morimoto A, Sano H, Kanzaki S, Matsushita M, Iwasaki T, Kuwamoto S, Kato M, Nagata K, Hayashi K, Imashuku S, Gogusev J, Jaubert F, Oka T, Yoshino T. Acute-phase ITIH4 levels distinguish multi-system from single-system Langerhans cell histiocytosis via plasma peptidomics. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:16. [PMID: 26097443 PMCID: PMC4475324 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a proliferative disorder in which abnormal Langerhans cell (LC)-like cells (LCH cells) intermingle with inflammatory cells. Whether LCH is reactive or neoplastic remains a controversial matter. We recently described Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) as a possible causative agent of LCH and proposed interleukin-1 loop model: LCH is a reactive disorder with an underlying oncogenic potential and we now propose to test this theory by looking for acute markers of inflammation. We detected MCPyV-DNA in the peripheral blood cells of patients with high-risk organ-type (LCH-risk organ (RO) (+)) but not those with non-high-risk organ-type LCH (LCH-RO (-)); this difference was significant. LCH-RO (-) is further classified by its involvement of either a single organ system (SS-LCH) or multiple organ systems (MS-LCH). In patients with LCH-RO (-), MCPyV-DNA sequences were present in LCH tissues, and significant differences were observed between LCH tissues and control tissues associated with conditions such as dermatopathic lymphadenopathy and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Although MCPyV causes subclinical infection in nearly all people and 22 % of healthy adults will harbor MCPyV in their buffy coats, circulating monocytes could serve as MCPyV reservoirs and cause disseminated skin lesions. METHODS Plasma sample from 12 patients with LCH-RO (-) (5 MS-LCH and 7 SS-LCH) and 5 non-LCH patients were analyzed by peptidomics. Mass spectrometry (MS) spectra were acquired and peptides exhibiting quantitative differences between MS-LCH and SS-LCH patients were targeted. RESULTS One new candidate biomarker, m/z 3145 was selected and identified after obtaining a MS/MS fragmentation pattern using liquid chromatography-MS/MS. This peak was identified as a proteolytic fragment derived from inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4, [PDB: Q14624]). CONCLUSIONS Peptidomics of LCH have revealed that the level of acute-phase ITIH4 distinguishes MS-LCH-RO (-) from SS-LCH-RO (-). Acute-phase proteins serve non-specific, physiological immune functions within the innate immune system. LCH may be a reactive disorder with both underlying neoplastic potential of antigen presenting cells harboring BRAF mutations and hyper-immunity of other inflammatory cells against MCPyV infection. Among LCH-RO (-), MCPyV-DNA sequences were present in both MS-LCH tissues and SS-LCH tissues without significant differences. ITIH4 may show that LCH activity or LCH subtypes correlates with the systemic or localized reactions of MCPyV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Murakami
- />Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago-shi, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Yukiko Oh
- />Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
| | - Akira Morimoto
- />Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sano
- />Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- />Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Michiko Matsushita
- />Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasaki
- />Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago-shi, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwamoto
- />Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago-shi, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Masako Kato
- />Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago-shi, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Keiko Nagata
- />Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago-shi, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hayashi
- />Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago-shi, Tottori 683-8503 Japan
| | - Shinsaku Imashuku
- />Division of Pediatrics and Hematology, Takasago-seibu Hospital, Takasago, Hyogo 676-0812 Japan
| | - Jean Gogusev
- />Inserm U507 and U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Francis Jaubert
- />AP-HP Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, University Paris Descartes (Paris 5), 75006 Paris, France
| | - Takashi Oka
- />Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshino
- />Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530 Japan
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Okada S, Inaga S, Kawaba Y, Hanada T, Hayashi A, Nakane H, Naguro T, Kaidoh T, Kanzaki S. A novel approach to the histological diagnosis of pediatric nephrotic syndrome by low vacuum scanning electron microscopy. Biomed Res 2015; 35:227-36. [PMID: 25152031 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.35.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite intensive treatment, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (NS) often progresses to endstage renal disease. Therefore, a more accurate and quick histological diagnosis is required to properly treat such patients. The aim of this study was to introduce a novel approach to the histological diagnosis of pediatric NS by low vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) and to describe the morphological differences in glomeruli between steroid-sensitive and steroid-resistant NS specimens. The subjects were three patients with steroid-sensitive NS and four patients with steroid-resistant NS. Conventional renal biopsy paraffin sections were stained with platinum-blue (Pt-blue) or periodic acid methenamine silver (PAM) and directly observed under LVSEM at magnifications between ×50 and ×10,000. The Pt-blue-stained sections showed three-dimensional structural alterations in glomerular podocytes and foot processes. PAM-stained sections showed changes in the structure and thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Consequently, many round-shaped podocytes and elongated primary foot processes were exclusively recognized in steroid-resistant NS, although irregularities in foot process interdigitation, fusions, effacements, and microvillus transformations were observed in both steroid-sensitive and steroidresistant NS. Irregularities in thickness and the wrinkling of GBMs were clearly detected in steroid-resistant NS. The evaluation by LVSEM is probably useful for the renal histological diagnosis of pediatric NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Okada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
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Maegaki Y, Kurozawa Y, Tamasaki A, Togawa M, Tamura A, Hirao M, Nagao A, Kouda T, Okada T, Hayashibara H, Harada Y, Urushibara M, Sugiura C, Sejima H, Tanaka Y, Matsuda-Ohtahara H, Kasai T, Kishi K, Kaji S, Toyoshima M, Kanzaki S, Ohno K. Early predictors of status epilepticus-associated mortality and morbidity in children. Brain Dev 2015; 37:478-86. [PMID: 25193404 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early predictors of status epilepticus (SE)-associated mortality and morbidity have not been systematically studied in children, considerably impeding the identification of patients at risk. OBJECTIVES To determine reliable early predictors of SE-associated mortality and morbidity and identify the etiology of SE-associated sequelae in Japanese children. METHODS We conducted a prospective multicenter study of clinical findings and initial laboratory data acquired at SE onset, and assessed outcomes at the last follow-up examination. In-hospital death during the acute period and neurological sequelae were classified as poor outcomes. RESULTS Of the 201 children who experienced their first SE episode, 16 exhibited poor outcome that was most commonly associated with acute encephalopathy. Univariate analysis revealed that the following were associated with poor outcomes: young age (⩽24 months); seizure duration >90 min; seizure intractability (failure of the second anticonvulsive drug); biphasic seizures; abnormal blood glucose levels (<61 or >250 mg/dL); serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ⩾56 U/L; and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels >2.00 mg/dL. Multivariate analysis revealed that young age, seizure intractability, abnormal blood glucose levels, and elevated AST and CRP levels were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Young age and seizure intractability were highly predictive of poor outcomes in pediatric SE. Moreover, abnormal blood glucose levels and elevated AST and CRP levels were predictors that might be closely associated with the etiology, especially acute encephalopathy and severe bacterial infection (sepsis and meningitis) in Japanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Maegaki
- Division of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
| | - Youichi Kurozawa
- Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamasaki
- Division of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | | | - Akiko Tamura
- Tottori Prefecture Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Makoto Urushibara
- Tottori Prefecture Saiseikai Sakaiminato General Hospital, Sakaiminato, Japan
| | - Chitose Sugiura
- Tottori Prefectural Rehabilitation Center for Disabled Children, Yonago, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kazuko Kishi
- Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | | | | | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohno
- Division of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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Okada S, Inaga S, Yamada Y, Kitamoto K, Kawaba Y, Nakane H, Kaidoh T, Kanzaki S. SP893MORPHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS OF PODOCYTES IN ALPORT SYNDROME BY LOW VACUUM SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv203.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kawashima Y, Usui T, Fujimoto M, Miyahara N, Nishimura R, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S. A rare CYP 21 mutation (p.E431K) induced deactivation of CYP 21A2 and resulted in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocr J 2015; 62:101-6. [PMID: 25319875 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej14-0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is caused by mutations in the CYP21A2 gene. The residual enzyme activity is strongly associated with the phenotype. We describe a rare case of CAH with a rare CYP21A2 mutation. The patient was a one-year-old Japanese boy. At 16 days old, he was referred to our hospital because of elevated serum 17-OH-progesterone (17-OHP) levels in neonatal screening. The compound heterozygous mutations (IVS2-13 A/C>G, and p.E431K) in CYP21A2 were identified at 2 months old, and we diagnosed non-classical CAH, since he did not have significant physical signs (pigmentation and salt-wasting). However, his body weight decreased, and his serum 17-OHP level (99.5 ng/mL) was elevated at 3 months old. Steroid replacement therapy was started at 3 months old. Our patient's clinical course resembled simple virilizing (SV) CAH, but classification was difficult because the patient showed increased renin activity indicating an aldosterone deficiency, and late onset of symptoms. While the IVS 2-13 A/C>G mutation is common in the classical form of CAH, p.E431K is a rare point mutation. Functional analysis revealed that the residual enzyme activity of p.E431L was 5.08±2.55% for 17-OHP and 4.12±2.37% for progesterone, which is consistent with SV CAH. p.E431 is localized in the L-helix near the heme-binding site. The mutation might interfere with heme binding, leading to deactivation of CYP21A2. This report showed that CYP21A2 p.E431 has an important effect on enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawashima
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Sano H, Fujimoto M, Okuno K, Ueyama JI, Takano S, Hayashi K, Kanzaki S. Epstein-Barr virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder involving the central nervous system following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for neuroblastoma. Springerplus 2014; 3:582. [PMID: 25332882 PMCID: PMC4194306 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious complication following solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although extranodal involvement of PTLD is common, its isolated involvement in the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare. To date, primary CNS-PTLD has been reported in 13 patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT, but no cases have been reported in autologous HSCT recipients. Case Description Herein, we report the first report of a patient with neuroblastoma that progressed to CNS-PTLD after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT). A 27-month-old boy with stage IV neuroblastoma of the left adrenal gland received auto-PBSCT after intensive chemotherapy, tumor resection, and radiation of tumor bed and regional lymph node. An intracranial tumor in his left parietal lobe was detected by magnetic resonance imaging 99 days posttransplantation, and the tumor was completely resected. The histological diagnosis of the intracranial tumor was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with latency type III Epstein-Barr virus infection. The patient has maintained tumor free status 3 years after auto-PBSCT. Discussion and Evaluation Given the rarity of CNS-PTLD, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment. Historically, the outcome of CNS-PTLD has been very poor. However, our patient remains free from PTLD after only total resection. The prognosis for PTLD following auto-HSCT may depend upon the underlying malignancy, immune state, EBV immune status, and treatments. Conclusions The outcome of PTLD following auto-HSCT is not necessarily poor prognosis. Further research is required to establish the optimal treatment strategy for CNS-PTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Sano
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8504 Japan ; Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, Yonago, Japan
| | - Masanobu Fujimoto
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8504 Japan
| | - Keisuke Okuno
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8504 Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Ueyama
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8504 Japan
| | - Shuichi Takano
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hayashi
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, Yonago, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tottori, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8504 Japan
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Izumi Y, Suzuki E, Kanzaki S, Yatsuga S, Kinjo S, Igarashi M, Maruyama T, Sano S, Horikawa R, Sato N, Nakabayashi K, Hata K, Umezawa A, Ogata T, Yoshimura Y, Fukami M. Genome-wide copy number analysis and systematic mutation screening in 58 patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:1130-1136.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tanaka T, Hasegawa T, Ozono K, Tanaka H, Kanzaki S, Yokoya S, Chihara K, Iwamoto N, Seino Y. Effect of growth hormone treatment on quality of life in Japanese children with growth hormone deficiency: an analysis from a prospective observational study. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2014; 23:83-92. [PMID: 25110392 PMCID: PMC4125600 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.23.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess changes in quality of life (QoL) in Japanese children
with GH deficiency (GHD) after 12 mo of GH treatment or with idiopathic short stature
(ISS) after 12 mo without treatment. Children with GHD were treated with GH after
enrollment. Outcome measures included the parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL),
the Youth Self-Report Form (YSR), and height standard deviation scores (SDS). Total CBCL
scores significantly decreased in children with GHD (n = 152, mean change (standard
deviation [SD]) = –3.42 [11.21]) and ISS (n = 129, mean change = –4.82 [10.09]) after 12
mo (p < 0.001). Total YSR scores (mean change = –9.21 [14.07]) and height SDS (mean
change = 0.35 [0.38]) significantly decreased in children with GHD (p < 0.001), but
were unchanged in children with ISS. The change in total YSR score was significantly
correlated with the change in height SDS in children with GHD (r = –0.516, p = 0.003). Our
findings demonstrate that GH treatment can improve QoL in Japanese children with GHD. The
correlation between the changes in total YSR score and height SDS demonstrated that
increased height resulted in improved QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan
| | - Susumu Yokoya
- Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Chihara
- Hyogo Prefectural Kakogawa Medical Center, Kakogawa, Japan
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Kawashima Y, Hakuno F, Okada SI, Hotsubo T, Kinoshita T, Fujimoto M, Nishimura R, Fukushima T, Hanaki K, Takahashi SI, Kanzaki S. Familial short stature is associated with a novel dominant-negative heterozygous insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) mutation. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 81:312-4. [PMID: 24033502 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawashima
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan.
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Kimura S, Endo Y, Minamimae K, Kanzaki S, Hanaki K. Gender differences in childhood food preference: evaluation using a subjective picture choice method. Pediatr Int 2014; 56:389-94. [PMID: 24920454 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A preference for calorie-dense food in men seems to be closely linked with a considerably higher incidence of obesity in adulthood for men than women, but it is not clear in which life stage the gender differences in food preference begin to appear. In order to clarify this, a picture choice method has been developed that is designed to evaluate food preferences or interests in children based on their subjective choices. METHODS In total, 486 children aged 6-12 years were enrolled. To evaluate food interest, children were instructed to choose any 10 from 36 pictures in the panel showing 10 different foods and 26 other things. The number of foods chosen was set as the food interest score. For food preference, they were also instructed to choose any 10 from 36 pictures in the other panel depicting 36 different foods. For the 10 foods chosen, Japanese food score, energy density, fat energy content, and saturated fatty acid score were calculated. These indices were compared for sex, age group and body mass index. RESULTS Indices reflecting food interest or fat preference were significantly higher in boys than girls both in the 7-9- and 10-12-year-old age groups. Positive correlations were found between food interest score and energy density, fat energy content, and saturated fatty acid score. CONCLUSIONS Using the picture choice method, definite gender differences in food preference were identified in early elementary school children. This information could be useful for dietary therapy in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kimura
- Division of Women's and Children's Family Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan; Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
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Fujimoto M, Okada SI, Kawashima Y, Nishimura R, Miyahara N, Kawaba Y, Hanaki K, Nanba E, Kondo Y, Igarashi T, Kanzaki S. Clinical overview of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus based on a nationwide survey in Japan. Yonago Acta Med 2014; 57:85-91. [PMID: 25324589 PMCID: PMC4198574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare disease whose complications include polyuria, renal dysfunction, growth disorder and mental retardation. The details of NDI's clinical course have been unclear. To address this uncertainty, we performed a large investigation of the clinical course of NDI in Japan. METHODS Between December 2009 and March 2011, we provided a primary questionnaire to 26,282 members of the Japan Endocrine Society, the Japanese Urological Association, the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, the Japanese Society for Pediatric Nephrology, the Japanese Society of Nephrology, the Japanese Society of Neurology and the Japanese Society of Pediatric Urology. In addition, we provided a secondary questionnaire to 121 members who reported experience with cases of NDI. We asked about patient's age at onset, diagnosis, complications, effect of treatment and patient's genotype. RESULTS We enrolled 173 patients with NDI in our study. Of these NDI patients, 143 were congenital and 30 were acquired. Of the 173, 73 patients (42%) experienced urologic complications. Among the 143 with congenital NDI, 20 patients (14%) had mental retardation. Patients with NDI mainly received thiazide diuretics, and some patients responded to treatment with desmopressin acetate (DDAVP). Gene analyses were performed in 87 patients (61%) with congenital NDI, revealing that 65 patients had an arginine vasopressin receptor type 2 (AVPR2) gene mutation and that 8 patients (9.2%) had an aquaporin 2 (AQP2) gene mutation. Patients with the AVPR2 mutation (D85N) generally showed a mild phenotype, and we found that DDAVP was generally an effective treatment for NDI among these patients. CONCLUSION We suggest that adequate diagnosis and treatment are the most important factors for improving prognoses. We further suggest that gene analysis should be performed for optimal treatment selection and the early detection of NDI among siblings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Fujimoto
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Okada
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawashima
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Rei Nishimura
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyahara
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kawaba
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hanaki
- †Department of Women's and Children's Family Nursing, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Eiji Nanba
- ‡Division of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kondo
- §Health Care Services Management, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0032, Japan
| | - Takashi Igarashi
- ‖Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Sano H, Nagata K, Kato K, Kanai K, Yamamoto K, Okuno K, Kuwamoto S, Higaki-Mori H, Sugihara H, Kato M, Murakami I, Kanzaki S, Hayashi K. EBNA-2 -deleted Epstein-Barr virus from P3HR-1 can infect rabbits with lower efficiency than prototype Epstein-Barr virus from B95-8. Intervirology 2013; 56:114-21. [PMID: 23295915 DOI: 10.1159/000343753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify characteristics on rabbit in vivo infection with type 2 EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA-2)-deleted Epstein-Barr virus (P3HR-1-EBV) and compare infectious efficacy of P3HR-1-EBV with previously reported prototype type 1 EBV from B95-8. METHODS Twelve Japanese White rabbits were inoculated with P3HR-1-EBV via intranasal or intravenous routes and autopsied on day 70-84. RESULTS In only 2 of 12 P3HR-1-EBV-inoculated rabbits, EBV-DNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). BamHI M rightward reading frame (BMRF)-1, EBNA-1 and BamHI Z leftward reading frame (BZLF)-1-mRNA were intermittently expressed in PBMCs. In 1 infected rabbit with continuous detection of EBV-DNA in PBMCs, many EBER-1-positive lymphocytes were observed in germinal centers and/or marginal zones in some follicles of the appendix, and for the first time a lymphocyte with EBER-1 expression infiltrating in the squamous cell layer of the tonsils was found. The other rabbit with a transient detection of EBV-DNA in PBMCs had no EBER-1-positive lymphocytes in the tissues examined. Few EBER-1-positive lymphocytes were detected in some rabbits without detection of EBV-DNA in PBMCs. CONCLUSIONS P3HR-1-EBV showed less efficient infection in rabbits than EBV from the B95-8 cell line. However, a P3HR-1-EBV-inoculated animal model is meaningful because this is the first study of EBNA-2 function on in vivo EBV infection and it demonstrated the in vivo infectivity with lytic-type infection by EBNA-2-deleted EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Sano
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
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Tai S, Tanaka T, Hasegawa T, Ozono K, Tanaka H, Kanzaki S, Yokoya S, Fujieda K, Chihara K, Seino Y. An observational study of the effectiveness and safety of growth hormone (Humatrope(®)) treatment in Japanese children with growth hormone deficiency or Turner syndrome. Endocr J 2013; 60:57-64. [PMID: 23001148 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej11-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of growth hormone (GH; Humatrope(®)) therapy in Japanese children with GH deficiency (GHD) or Turner syndrome (TS) enrolled in the Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short Stature International Study (GeNeSIS). GeNeSIS is an open-label, multinational, multicenter, observational study conducted in 30 countries. In this interim report, there were 1129 GH treatment-naïve children with GHD, with a mean chronological age (± standard deviation) of 8.75 (3.32) years, and 90 girls with TS, with a mean chronological age of 8.93 (3.67) years. The mean height standard deviation score (SDS) increased from -2.73 (0.63) SD and -2.71 (0.63) SD at study entry to -2.22 (0.68) SD and -2.20 (0.60) SD after 1 year of treatment in the GHD and TS groups, respectively. In both groups, mean height SDS increased further with each year of treatment to 4 years; however, the magnitude of change in height SDS declined with time. The mean insulin-like growth factor-I SDS increased from below the mean of the reference population at study entry to a level similar to (GHD group) or higher than (TS group) the mean of the reference population during the 4-year treatment period. The incidence of serious adverse events (AEs), treatment-related AEs, and AEs related to glucose intolerance was low in both groups (0.1% to 3.0%). In conclusion, GH treatment in Japanese children with GHD or TS resulted in increased growth over a 4-year treatment period with a favorable safety profile; however, the improvements in growth declined with time.
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Kawashima Y, Nishimura R, Utsunomiya A, Kagawa R, Funata H, Fujimoto M, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S. Leprechaunism (Donohue syndrome): a case bearing novel compound heterozygous mutations in the insulin receptor gene. Endocr J 2013; 60:107-12. [PMID: 22972224 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej12-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Leprechaunism (Donohue syndrome) is the most severe type of insulin receptor (INSR) gene anomaly with the majority of patients surviving for only 2 years. We report a surviving 2 -year-old male with leprechaunism, bearing novel compound heterozygous mutations in the INSR. The patient is a Japanese boy with acanthosis nigricans, lack of subcutaneous fat, hirsutism, thick lips, gum hypertrophy and extremely high insulin levels (6702 mU/mL). He was as having identified novel compound heterozygous mutations in INSR (p.T910M and p. E1047K). At 24 day-old, recombinant human insulin-like growth factor 1 (rh-IGF1) treatment was started because of poor weight gain. At 2 years old, the patient's serum glucose level and HbA1C value had worsened, and both a bolus of rh-IGF-1 and a subcutaneous injection of a rapid-acting insulin analog after meals, in addition to α-glycosidase inhibitor, were initiated from 2 years onward. Oxygen administration and biphasic positive airway pressure treatment were also initiated from 2 years old due to upper airway obstruction with adenoidal hypertrophy. In the experiments conducted using COS7 cells homozygously transfected with the INSR mutation, T910M INSR failed to process the proreceptor and decreased insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation. E1047K INSR resulted in a complete absence of insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation. These findings suggest the near absence of INSR in this patient. We consider that the rhIGF1 treatment contributed to his long survival, but it was not able to prevent his diabetic condition. Our report provides important insights into the function of INSR, and for the treatment of leprechaunism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawashima
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan.
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Hanada T, Okuno K, Okada SI, Fujimoto M, Kuranobu H, Hashida Y, Ueyama JI, Murakami J, Hayashi A, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S. Castleman disease in a child with short stature. Pediatr Int 2012; 54:720-4. [PMID: 23005908 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2012.03589.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a 14-year-old boy with Castleman disease in this article. He complained of short stature, and his body height was 133.8 cm (<3rd percentile; z score -4.5). There was marked delay in the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. He was found to have a remittent fever and a lower mid-abdominal tumor. Blood test revealed microcytic hypochromic anemia, thrombocytosis, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The serum IL-6 and C-reactive protein levels were increased. The mass was found to be mixed hyaline vascular and plasma cell type of Castleman disease through a pathological examination. Lymph nodes affected by Castleman disease cause overproduction of IL-6. It decreases IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and serum testosterone levels. As a result of tumorectomy, his short stature and delay in the development of secondary sexual characteristics were improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hanada
- Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
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Kawashima Y, Higaki K, Fukushima T, Hakuno F, Nagaishi JI, Hanaki K, Nanba E, Takahashi SI, Kanzaki S. Novel missense mutation in the IGF-I receptor L2 domain results in intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012; 77:246-54. [PMID: 22309212 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IGFs play key roles in intrauterine and postnatal growth through the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR). We identified a family bearing a new heterozygous missense mutation at the L2 domain of IGF-IR (R431L). METHOD We analysed the nucleotide sequences of the IGF1R gene of the family. We prepared R(-) cells (fibroblasts with targeted disruption of the IGF-IR gene) expressing wild-type or R431L IGF-IR and performed functional analyses by evaluating IGF-I binding, IGF-I-stimulated DNA synthesis, tyrosine phosphorylation of IGF-IR and its substrates, and internalization by measuring [(125) I]IGF-I internalization. We also performed confocal microscopy analysis. RESULTS We identified a family bearing a new heterozygous missense mutation at the L2 domain of IGF-IR (R431L) through an 8-year-old girl and her mother, both born with intrauterine growth retardation. In experiments conducted using cells homozygously transfected with the IGF-IR R431L mutation; (i) IGF-I binding was not affected; (ii) DNA synthesis induced by IGF-I was decreased; (iii) IGF-IR internalization stimulated by IGF-I was decreased and (iv) IGF-I-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation was reduced IGF-IR by low concentrations of IGF-I and on insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and IRS-2. CONCLUSION A missense mutation (R431L) leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation, attenuation of IGF signalling and decrease in internalization of IGF-IR. The results of this study suggest a novel link between a mutation at the IGF-IR L2 domain and intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawashima
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan.
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Murakami J, Nagata I, Iitsuka T, Okamoto M, Kaji S, Hoshika T, Matsuda R, Kanzaki S, Shiraki K, Suyama A, Hino S. Risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus: Maternal high viral load and fetal exposure in the birth canal. Hepatol Res 2012; 42:648-57. [PMID: 22404371 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2012.00968.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the major transmission pathway of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in children. However, its risk factors remain unsettled for introduction of putative intervention. METHODS Pregnant women screened for HCV and MTCT in children born to antibody-positive mothers were prospectively studied in Tottori, Japan. RESULTS Among 41 856 screened women, 188 (0.45%) were HCV antibody-positive, of whom 61% had detectable HCV RNA. While 10 of the 34 children (29%) born to high viral load (HVL: ≥6.0 × 10(5) IU/mL) mothers were infected, none born to RNA-detectable but non-HVL mothers were infected (P < 0.001). MTCT among vaginally delivered children born to HVL mothers was analyzed. Children delivered after 4 h or more of labor were more frequently infected than were those born within 4 h of labor (P = 0.019). Premature rupture of fetal membranes was significantly more common in infected children than in uninfected children (P < 0.001). Durations of membrane rupture and labor were longer in infected children than in uninfected children (P = 0.008 and P = 0.040, respectively). Elective cesarean section that eliminates these risk factors, other than HVL, significantly reduced MTCT from nine of 22 (41%) to none of nine children (0%) (P = 0.032). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that contamination of the fetus in the birth canal with infected maternal blood is a major risk factor for HCV MTCT, in addition to maternal HVL. To rationalize intervention by elective cesarean section, the natural history of infected children should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Murakami
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago Tsuyama Central Hospital, Tsuyama Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori Matsuda Pediatric Clinic, Kurayoshi St. Luke's College of Nursing, Tokyo Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Nagasaki, Japan
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Kohno H, Igarashi Y, Ozono K, Ohyama K, Ogawa M, Osada H, Onigata K, Kanzaki S, Seino Y, Takahashi H, Tajima T, Tachibana K, Tanaka H, Nishi Y, Hasegawa T, Fujieda K, Fujita K, Horikawa R, Yokoya S, Yorifuji T, Tanaka T. Favorable impact of growth hormone treatment on cholesterol levels in turner syndrome. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2012; 21:29-34. [PMID: 23926408 PMCID: PMC3698903 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.21.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) are prone to having metabolic
abnormalities, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia and type 2
diabetes mellitus, resulting in increased risks of developing atherosclerotic diseases.
Objective: To determine the effect of growth hormone (GH) therapy on serum cholesterol
levels in prepubertal girls with TS enrolled in the Turner syndrome Research Collaboration
(TRC) in Japan. Patients and methods: Eighty-one girls with TS were enrolled in the TRC,
and their total cholesterol (TC) levels before GH therapy were compared with reported
levels of healthy school-aged Japanese girls. TC levels after 1, 2 and 3 yr of GH
treatment were available for 28 of the 81 patients with TS. GH was administered by daily
subcutaneous injections, 6 or 7 times/wk, with a weekly dose of 0.35 mg/kg body weight.
Results: Baseline TC levels revealed an age-related increase in TS that was in contrast to
healthy girls showing unchanged levels. During GH therapy, TC decreased significantly
after 1 yr of GH treatment and remained low thereafter. Conclusions: Girls with untreated
TS showed an age-related increase in TC that was a striking contrast to healthy girls, who
showed unchanged levels. GH therapy in girls with TS brought about a favorable change in
TC that indicates the beneficial impact of GH on atherogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Kohno
- Department of Pediatrics, Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan ; Igarashi Children's Clinic, Sendai, Japan
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Ueyama JI, Kure A, Okuno K, Sano H, Tamoto N, Kanzaki S. [Treatment with a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor of for c-KIT mutation and AML1-ETO double positive refractory acute myeloid leukemia]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2012; 53:460-464. [PMID: 22687981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Translocation (8;21)/AML1-ETO is considered a favorable cytogenetic abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the outcomes associated with KIT mutations in AML1-ETO have not been elucidated. A 16-year-old boy was diagnosed with recurrent AML. Although he underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) twice, the leukemia relapsed and grew resistant to several chemotherapies. We began to treat him with imatinib, but stopped on the 31st day as it did not show any effects. Later, we administered dasatinib. However, we discontinued this because he showed severe nasal hemorrhage 87 days after administration of dasatinib. The therapeutic benefit of tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) was estimated by quantitative analysis of AML1-ETO and the patient's clinical impression. We did not conduct analyses to determine the effective concentration of TKI. The patient has not yet shown any major molecular response. Therefore, we conclude that TKI may be useful for slight palliation of symptoms in KIT-positive AML. However, patients with refractory AML associated KIT mutations in AML1-ETO should not be considered for TKI monotherapy.
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Sugihara S, Ogata T, Kawamura T, Urakami T, Takemoto K, Kikuchi N, Takubo N, Tsubouchi K, Horikawa R, Kobayashi K, Kasahara Y, Kikuchi T, Koike A, Mochizuki T, Minamitani K, Takaya R, Mochizuki H, Nishii A, Yokota I, Kizaki Z, Mori T, Shimura N, Mukai T, Matsuura N, Fujisawa T, Ihara K, Kosaka K, Kizu R, Takahashi T, Matsuo S, Hanaki K, Igarashi Y, Sasaki G, Soneda S, Teno S, Kanzaki S, Saji H, Tokunaga K, Amemiya S. HLA-class II and class I genotypes among Japanese children with Type 1A diabetes and their families. Pediatr Diabetes 2012; 13:33-44. [PMID: 22128760 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2011.00833.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the HLA-DRB1, DQB1, DPB1, A, C, and B genotypes among Japanese children with autoimmune type 1 diabetes. METHODS Four hundred and thirty patients who were GADAb and/or IA-2Ab-positive (Type 1A) were recruited from 37 medical centers as part of a nationwide multicenter collaborative study. DNA samples from 83 siblings of the children with Type 1A diabetes and 149 parent-child trios were also analyzed. A case-control study and a transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) were then performed. RESULTS The susceptible and protective DRB1 and DQB1 alleles and haplotypes were confirmed. DPB1 alleles unique to the Japanese population and those common to multiple ethnic groups were also present. A linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed both susceptible and protective haplotypes. The TDT did not reveal any alleles that were transmitted preferentially from the mother or father to children with Type 1A. Homozygosity for DRB1-09:01-DQB1-03:03 and heterozygosity for DRB1-04:05-DQB1-04:01 and DRB1-08:02-DQB1-03:02 were associated with an extremely high risk of Type 1A. A comparison of children with Type 1A and their parents and siblings suggested a dose effect of susceptible DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes and an effect of protective alleles on immunological pathogenesis. DRB1-09:01 appeared to be strongly associated with an early onset in preschool children with Type 1A diabetes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the characteristic association of HLA-class II and class I genes with Type 1A diabetes among Japanese children. A TDT did not reveal the genomic imprinting of HLA-class II and class I genes in Type 1A diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigetaka Sugihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
Type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) is widely expressed across many cell types in fetal and postnatal tissues. The activation of this receptor after the binding of secreted IGF-I and IGF-II promotes cell differentiation and proliferation. IGF-IR has an important role in normal fetal and postnatal growth and development. IGF-IR gene anomalies presenting with intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation have recently been reported in some families. Familial short stature with IGF-IR gene anomaly is considered rare, and the clinical condition and features remain unknown. IGF-IR gene anomaly such as heterozygous IGF-IR mutation or haploinsufficiency of the IGF-IR gene should be investigated in those patients presenting with 1) low birth weight and birth height (< -1.5 SD), 2) a familial history of low birth weight, 3) a normal or increased IGF-I level, 4) a normal or increased GH response to the GH stimulation test, and/or 5) less response to GH treatment than common small for gestational age (SGA) short-stature patients. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge of familial short stature with IGF-IR gene anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawashima
- Division of Pediatrics & Perinatology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan.
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Fukami M, Shozu M, Soneda S, Kato F, Inagaki A, Takagi H, Hanaki K, Kanzaki S, Ohyama K, Sano T, Nishigaki T, Yokoya S, Binder G, Horikawa R, Ogata T. Aromatase excess syndrome: identification of cryptic duplications and deletions leading to gain of function of CYP19A1 and assessment of phenotypic determinants. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:E1035-43. [PMID: 21470988 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by gynecomastia. Although cryptic inversions leading to abnormal fusions between CYP19A1 encoding aromatase and its neighboring genes have been identified in a few patients, the molecular basis remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to examine the genetic causes and phenotypic determinants in AEXS. PATIENTS Eighteen affected males from six families participated in the study. RESULTS We identified three types of heterozygous genomic rearrangements, i.e. a 79,156-bp tandem duplication involving seven of 11 noncoding CYP19A1 exons 1, a 211,631-bp deletion involving exons 2-43 of DMXL2 and exons 5-10 of GLDN, and a 165,901-bp deletion involving exons 2-43 of DMXL2. The duplicated exon 1 functioned as transcription start sites, and the two types of deletions produced the same chimeric mRNA consisting of DMXL2 exon 1 and CYP19A1 coding exons. The DMXL2 exon 1 harbored a translation start codon, and the DMXL2/CYP19A1 chimeric mRNA was identified in only 2-5% of CYP19A1-positive transcripts. This was in contrast to the inversion-mediated chimeric mRNA that had no coding sequence on the fused exon 1 and accounted for greater than 80% of CYP19A1-positive transcripts. CYP19A1 was expressed in a limited number of tissues, whereas its neighboring genes involved in the chimeric mRNA formation were expressed widely. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel mechanisms leading to gain of function of CYP19A1. Furthermore, it appears that clinical severity of AEXS is primarily determined by the tissue expression pattern of relevant genes and by the structural property of promoter-associated exons of chimeric mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Ohkura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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Okada S, Saito M, Kinoshita Y, Satoh I, Kawaba Y, Hayashi A, Oite T, Satoh K, Kanzaki S. Effects of cyclohexenonic long-chain fatty alcohol in type 2 diabetic rat nephropathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 31:219-30. [PMID: 20834179 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.31.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We attempted to clarify the effects of cyclohexenonic long-chain fatty alcohol (CHLFA) on the alterations of type 2 diabetes-induced nephropathy. Forty-week-old male Goto-Kakizaki (GK) and Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 6 to 8 animals. Group A consisted of eight Wistar rats and served as an age-matched control group. Group B (7 GK rats) received no treatment and served as a diabetic group. Group C (6 GK rats) was treated daily with low-dose CHLFA (2 mg/ kg/body weight, subcutaneously) for 30 weeks, and Group D (6 GK rats) with high-dose CHLFA (8 mg/kg/body weight) for 30 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, urinary protein excretion, blood chemistry, renal histological, and immunohistological analyses were conducted. Although CHLFA administration did not influence serum glucose or insulin levels, it reversed diabetes-induced increases in urinary protein excretion and serum creatinine. Light microscopically, CHLFA treatment ameliorated the otherwise elevated glomerular sclerotic scores in the diabetic group.Immunohistochemically, increased expression of desmin and decreased expression of rat endothelial cell antigen-1 in the group with untreated diabetes both showed a reversal to control levels in the high-dose CHLFA treatment group. In conclusion, CHLFA may ameliorate type 2 diabetes-induced nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Okada
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
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Abstract
AIM The lack of a nationwide survey on hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in Japan led us to investigate the epidemiological profiles of these infections among Japanese children. METHODS We conducted a questionnaire survey of children (<20 years of age) infected with either HBV (n = 136) or HCV (n = 114), who visited 636 pediatric institutions in Japan from 2003 through 2005. Most HBV-infected subjects (94%) were born in 1986 or after when a nationwide immunization program for infants born to HBe antigen-positive carriers was initiated. The transmission routes were divided into five groups: maternal, horizontal (subdivided into intrafamilial, iatrogenic and other horizontal), and unknown transmission. RESULTS Comparison of subjects born in 1990 or after and those born in 1989 or before, when anti-HBc and anti-HCV (c100-3) screening tests of blood donors began, showed a shift in the relative proportions of maternal, intrafamilial, iatrogenic, other horizontal, and unknown transmission from 52%, 19%, 4%, 7% and 19% to 70%, 14%, 6%, 1% and 9%, respectively, for HBV, which was statistically insignificant (P = 0.120), and from 14%, 0%, 76%, 4% and 7% to 89%, 2%, 4%, 0% and 5%, respectively, for HCV, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). HBV horizontal transmission did not decrease in proportion. No transfusion-acquired HCV infection was reported in subjects born in 1993 or after. CONCLUSION Maternal transmission is a prominent source of HCV infection among Japanese children. The implementation of measures to prevent HBV horizontal infection is also essential, and the present system of selective vaccination should be expanded to universal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Iitsuka
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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Okuno K, Takashima K, Kanai K, Ohashi M, Hyuga R, Sugihara H, Kuwamoto S, Kato M, Sano H, Sairenji T, Kanzaki S, Hayashi K. Epstein-Barr virus can infect rabbits by the intranasal or peroral route: an animal model for natural primary EBV infection in humans. J Med Virol 2010; 82:977-86. [PMID: 20419811 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is spread universally in humans, and it causes infectious mononucleosis and sometimes induces serious EBV-associated disease. The detailed mechanism of primary infection in humans has remained unclear, because it is difficult to examine the dynamics of EBV in vivo. In this study, a natural EBV-infection rabbit model by intranasal or peroral inoculation is described. Ten male rabbits were examined for EBV-DNA or mRNA expression and anti-EBV antibodies in blood. Four of 10 rabbits showed the evidence of EBV infection; detection of EBV-DNA or EBV-related genes mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, increased EBV antibodies in the plasma, and the presence of lymphocytes expressing EBER1 and EBV-related gene proteins in the lymphoid tissues of a rabbit. Three of four infected rabbits were detected transiently EBV-DNA and/or mRNA of EBV-related genes such as EBNA1, EBNA2, BZLF1, and EA in blood, while in one of four, EBV-DNA and/or mRNA were detected for more than 200 days after viral inoculation. The level of EA-IgG increased and its level was maintained in all infected rabbits, whereas those of VCA-IgM and VCA-IgG increased transiently, and EBNA-IgG was not elevated. Pathological examination of a rabbit infected transiently revealed some scattered lymphocytes expressing EBER1, LMP1, and EBNA2 in the spleen and lymph nodes. EA expression was also observed in the spleen. These findings suggest that EBV can infect the rabbit by the intranasal or peroral route, and that this rabbit model is useful for examining the pathophysiology of natural primary EBV infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Okuno
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
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Montassir H, Maegaki Y, Ogura K, Kurozawa Y, Nagata I, Kanzaki S, Ohno K. Associated factors in neonatal hypoglycemic brain injury. Brain Dev 2009; 31:649-56. [PMID: 19059741 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although associated factors are important for the occurrence of neural damage in neonatal hypoglycemia, they are not fully understood. Sixty patients with neonatal hypoglycemia were studied through a review of their medical records in Tottori University Hospital. The patients were classified into two main groups: Group I were patients who had mental retardation, developmental delay, cerebral palsy or epilepsy while Group II were those who were normal in their follow-up. Group I consisted of 12 patients while Group II consisted of 48 patients. The median gestational age was 38 weeks in Group I and 36.7 weeks in Group II. The frequencies of small for gestational age were similar in both groups. Blood glucose levels less than 15 mg/dl were more frequent in Group 1 (50.0%) than in Group 2 (14.6%) (P=0.015). Duration of hypoglycemia was longer in Group I (median, 14 h) than in Group II (median, 1.75 h) (p<0.001). The following factors were more frequent in Group I than in Group II: toxemia (33.3% and 8.3%, p=0.043), fetal distress (58.3% and 14.5%, p=0.004), an Apgar score of less than 5 at 1 min (33.3% and 6.4%, p=0.025), neonatal seizure (53.8% and 4.3%, p<0.001) and pathological jaundice (41.7% and 6.4%, p=0.006). Cranial CT or MRI revealed cerebral lesions in 8 of the 9 Group I patients in follow-up examinations. This study indicates that severe and prolonged neonatal hypoglycemia can cause cerebral lesions and other perinatal risk factors, such as hypoxia, neonatal seizure and pathological jaundice, would exacerbate hypoglycemic brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Montassir
- Division of Child Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
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