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Sudheshwar A, Apel C, Kümmerer K, Wang Z, Soeteman-Hernández LG, Valsami-Jones E, Som C, Nowack B. Learning from Safe-by-Design for Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design: Mapping the current landscape of Safe-by-Design reviews, case studies, and frameworks. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108305. [PMID: 38048736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
With the introduction of the European Commission's "Safe and Sustainable-by-Design" (SSbD) framework, the interest in understanding the implications of safety and sustainability assessments of chemicals, materials, and processes at early-innovation stages has skyrocketed. Our study focuses on the "Safe-by-Design" (SbD) approach from the nanomaterials sector, which predates the SSbD framework. In this assessment, SbD studies have been compiled and categorized into reviews, case studies, and frameworks. Reviews of SbD tools have been further classified as quantitative, qualitative, or toolboxes and repositories. We assessed the SbD case studies and classified them into three categories: safe(r)-by-modeling, safe(r)-by-selection, or safe(r)-by-redesign. This classification enabled us to understand past SbD work and subsequently use it to define future SSbD work so as to avoid confusion and possibilities of "SSbD-washing" (similar to greenwashing). Finally, the preexisting SbD frameworks have been studied and contextualized against the SSbD framework. Several key recommendations for SSbD based on our analysis can be made. Knowledge gained from existing approaches such as SbD, green and sustainable chemistry, and benign-by-design approaches needs to be preserved and effectively transferred to SSbD. Better incorporation of chemical and material functionality into the SSbD framework is required. The concept of lifecycle thinking and the stage-gate innovation model need to be reconciled for SSbD. The development of high-throughput screening models is critical for the operationalization of SSbD. We conclude that the rapid pace of both SbD and SSbD development necessitates a regular mapping of the newly published literature that is relevant to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshat Sudheshwar
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christina Apel
- Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Institute of Sustainable Chemistry, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kümmerer
- Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Institute of Sustainable Chemistry, Lüneburg, Germany; International Sustainable Chemistry Collaborative Centre (ISC3), Bonn, Germany
| | - Zhanyun Wang
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lya G Soeteman-Hernández
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Claudia Som
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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2
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Scholtz L, Tavernaro I, Eckert JG, Lutowski M, Geißler D, Hertwig A, Hidde G, Bigall NC, Resch-Genger U. Influence of nanoparticle encapsulation and encoding on the surface chemistry of polymer carrier beads. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11957. [PMID: 37488159 PMCID: PMC10366211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface-functionalized polymer beads encoded with molecular luminophores and nanocrystalline emitters such as semiconductor nanocrystals, often referred to as quantum dots (QDs), or magnetic nanoparticles are broadly used in the life sciences as reporters and carrier beads. Many of these applications require a profound knowledge of the chemical nature and total number of their surface functional groups (FGs), that control bead charge, colloidal stability, hydrophobicity, and the interaction with the environment and biological systems. For bioanalytical applications, also the number of groups accessible for the subsequent functionalization with, e.g., biomolecules or targeting ligands is relevant. In this study, we explore the influence of QD encoding on the amount of carboxylic acid (COOH) surface FGs of 2 µm polystyrene microparticles (PSMPs). This is done for frequently employed oleic acid and oleylamine stabilized, luminescent core/shell CdSe QDs and two commonly used encoding procedures. This included QD addition during bead formation by a thermally induced polymerization reaction and a post synthetic swelling procedure. The accessible number of COOH groups on the surface of QD-encoded and pristine beads was quantified by two colorimetric assays, utilizing differently sized reporters and electrostatic and covalent interactions. The results were compared to the total number of FGs obtained by a conductometric titration and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, a comparison of the impact of QD and dye encoding on the bead surface chemistry was performed. Our results demonstrate the influence of QD encoding and the QD-encoding strategy on the number of surface FG that is ascribed to an interaction of the QDs with the carboxylic acid groups on the bead surface. These findings are of considerable relevance for applications of nanoparticle-encoded beads and safe-by-design concepts for nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Scholtz
- Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabella Tavernaro
- Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Gerrit Eckert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Lutowski
- Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Geißler
- Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- PolyAn GmbH, Schkopauer Ring 6, 12681, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hertwig
- Division 6.1 Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gundula Hidde
- Division 6.1 Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadja C Bigall
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines), 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division 1.2 Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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Fernández-Pampín N, González Plaza JJ, García-Gómez A, Peña E, Garroni S, Poddighe M, Rumbo C, Barros R, Martel-Martín S, Aparicio S, Tamayo-Ramos JA. Toxicological assessment of pristine and degraded forms of graphene functionalized with MnOx nanoparticles using human in vitro models representing different exposure routes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11846. [PMID: 37481626 PMCID: PMC10363126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel advanced nanomaterials (NMs) with outstanding characteristics for their use in distinct applications needs to be accompanied by the generation of knowledge on their potential toxicological impact, in particular, that derived from different occupational risk exposure routes, such as inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. The harmful effects of novel graphene-metal oxide composites on human health are not well understood, many toxicological properties have not been investigated yet. The present study has evaluated several toxicological effects associated with graphene decorated with manganese oxide nanoparticles (GNA15), in a comparative assessment with those induced by simple graphene (G2), on human models representing inhalation (A549 cell line), ingestion (HT29 cell line) and dermal routes (3D reconstructed skin). Pristine and degraded forms of these NMs were included in the study, showing to have different physicochemical and toxicological properties. The degraded version of GNA15 (GNA15d) and G2 (G2d) exhibited clear structural differences with their pristine counterparts, as well as a higher release of metal ions. The viability of respiratory and gastrointestinal models was reduced in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of both GNA15 and G2 pristine and degraded forms. Besides this, all NMs induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both models. However, the degraded forms showed to induce a higher cytotoxicity effect. In addition, we found that none of the materials produced irritant effects on 3D reconstructed skin when present in aqueous suspensions. These results provide novel insights into the potentially harmful effects of novel multicomponent NMs in a comprehensive manner. Furthermore, the integrity of the NMs can play a role in their toxicity, which can vary depending on their composition and the exposure route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Fernández-Pampín
- International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Juan José González Plaza
- International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | | | - Elisa Peña
- Gnanomat, C/Faraday 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastiano Garroni
- Department of Chemical, Physics, Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Matteo Poddighe
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (LMNT), Department of Chemical, Physics, Mathematics and Natural Science, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlos Rumbo
- International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Rocío Barros
- International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Sonia Martel-Martín
- International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Santiago Aparicio
- International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Tamayo-Ramos
- International Research Centre in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
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Mirzaei M, Furxhi I, Murphy F, Mullins M. Employing Supervised Algorithms for the Prediction of Nanomaterial's Antioxidant Efficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032792. [PMID: 36769135 PMCID: PMC9918003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are compounds that readily transform into free radicals. Excessive exposure to ROS depletes antioxidant enzymes that protect cells, leading to oxidative stress and cellular damage. Nanomaterials (NMs) exhibit free radical scavenging efficiency representing a potential solution for oxidative stress-induced disorders. This study aims to demonstrate the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms for predicting the antioxidant efficiency of NMs. We manually compiled a comprehensive dataset based on a literature review of 62 in vitro studies. We extracted NMs' physico-chemical (P-chem) properties, the NMs' synthesis technique and various experimental conditions as input features to predict the antioxidant efficiency measured by a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Following data pre-processing, various regression models were trained and validated. The random forest model showed the highest predictive performance reaching an R2 = 0.83. The attribute importance analysis revealed that the NM's type, core-size and dosage are the most important attributes influencing the prediction. Our findings corroborate with those of the prior research landscape regarding the importance of P-chem characteristics. This study expands the application of ML in the nano-domain beyond safety-related outcomes by capturing the functional performance. Accordingly, this study has two objectives: (1) to develop a model to forecast the antioxidant efficiency of NMs to complement conventional in vitro assays and (2) to underline the lack of a comprehensive database and the scarcity of relevant data and/or data management practices in the nanotechnology field, especially with regards to functionality assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mirzaei
- Department of Accounting and Finance, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, V94PH93 Limerick, Ireland
| | - Irini Furxhi
- Department of Accounting and Finance, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, V94PH93 Limerick, Ireland
- Transgero Limited, Newcastle West, V42V384 Limerick, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-85-106-9771
| | - Finbarr Murphy
- Department of Accounting and Finance, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, V94PH93 Limerick, Ireland
| | - Martin Mullins
- Department of Accounting and Finance, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, V94PH93 Limerick, Ireland
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5
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Cazzagon V, Giubilato E, Bonetto A, Blosi M, Zanoni I, Costa AL, Vineis C, Varesano A, Marcomini A, Hristozov D, Semenzin E, Badetti E. Identification of the safe(r) by design alternatives for nanosilver-enabled wound dressings. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:987650. [PMID: 36312555 PMCID: PMC9614711 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.987650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in medical devices is constantly increasing due to their excellent antimicrobial properties. In wound dressings, Ag NPs are commonly added in large excess to exert a long-term and constant antimicrobial effect, provoking an instantaneous release of Ag ions during their use or the persistence of unused NPs in the wound dressing that can cause a release of Ag during the end-of-life of the product. For this reason, a Safe-by-Design procedure has been developed to reduce potential environmental risks while optimizing functionality and costs of wound dressings containing Ag NPs. The SbD procedure is based on ad-hoc criteria (e.g., mechanical strength, antibacterial effect, leaching of Ag from the product immersed in environmental media) and permits to identify the best one among five pre-market alternatives. A ranking of the SbD alternatives was obtained and the safer solution was selected based on the selected SbD criteria. The SbD framework was also applied to commercial wound dressings to compare the SbD alternatives with products already on the market. The iterative procedure permitted to exclude one of the alternatives (based on its low mechanical strength) and proved to be an effective approach that can be replicated to support the ranking, prioritisation, and selection of the most promising options early in the innovation process of nano-enabled medical devices as well as to encourage the production of medical devices safer for the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Cazzagon
- Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - E. Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Mestre, Italy
- GreenDecision Srl, Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - A. Bonetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - M. Blosi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy
| | - I. Zanoni
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy
| | - A. L. Costa
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy
| | - C. Vineis
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing (CNR-STIIMA), National Research Council of Italy, Biella, Italy
| | - A. Varesano
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing (CNR-STIIMA), National Research Council of Italy, Biella, Italy
| | - A. Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - D. Hristozov
- Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Mestre, Italy
- GreenDecision Srl, Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - E. Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Mestre, Italy
- *Correspondence: E. Semenzin, ; E. Badetti,
| | - E. Badetti
- Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Mestre, Italy
- *Correspondence: E. Semenzin, ; E. Badetti,
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Collection of Controlled Nanosafety Data—The CoCoN-Database, a Tool to Assess Nanomaterial Hazard. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030441. [PMID: 35159786 PMCID: PMC8839907 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hazard assessment is the first step in nanomaterial risk assessment. The overall number of studies on the biological effects of nanomaterials or innovative materials is steadily increasing and is above 40,000. Several databases have been established to make the amount of data manageable, but these are often highly specialized or can be used only by experts. This paper describes a new database which uses an already existing data collection of about 35,000 publications. The collection from the first phase between the years 2000 and 2013 contains about 11,000 articles and this number has been reduced by specific selection criteria. The resulting publications have been evaluated for their quality regarding the toxicological content and the experimental data have been extracted. In addition to material properties, the most important value to be extracted is the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) for in vivo and the no-observed-effect-concentration (NOEC) for in vitro studies. The correlation of the NOAEL/NOEC values with the nanomaterial properties and the investigated endpoints has been tested in projects such as the OECD-AOP project, where the available data for inflammatory responses have been analysed. In addition, special attention was paid to titanium dioxide particles and this example is used to show with searches for in vitro and in vivo experiments on possible lung toxicity what a typical result of a database query can look like. In this review, an emerging database is described that contains valuable information for nanomaterial hazard estimation and should aid in the progress of nanosafety research.
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Sánchez Jiménez A, Puelles R, Perez-Fernandez M, Barruetabeña L, Jacobsen NR, Suarez-Merino B, Micheletti C, Manier N, Salieri B, Hischier R, Tsekovska R, Handzhiyski Y, Bouillard J, Oudart Y, Galea KS, Kelly S, Shandilya N, Goede H, Gomez-Cordon J, Jensen KA, van Tongeren M, Apostolova MD, Llopis IR. Safe(r) by design guidelines for the nanotechnology industry. NANOIMPACT 2022; 25:100385. [PMID: 35559891 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Expectations for safer and sustainable chemicals and products are growing to comply with the United Nations and European strategies for sustainability. The application of Safe(r) by Design (SbD) in nanotechnology implies an iterative process where functionality, human health and safety, environmental and economic impact and cost are assessed and balanced as early as possible in the innovation process and updated at each step. The EU H2020 NanoReg2 project was the first European project to implement SbD in six companies handling and/or manufacturing nanomaterials (NMs) and nano-enabled products (NEP). The results from this experience have been used to develop these guidelines on the practical application of SbD. The SbD approach foresees the identification, estimation, and reduction of human and environmental risks as early as possible in the development of a NM or NEP, and it is based on three pillars: (i) safer NMs and NEP; (ii) safer use and end of life and (iii) safer industrial production. The presented guidelines include a set of information and tools that will help deciding at each step of the innovation process whether to continue, apply SbD measures or carry out further tests to reduce uncertainty. It does not intend to be a prescriptive protocol where all suggested steps have to be followed to achieve a SbD NM/NEP or process. Rather, the guidelines are designed to identify risks at an early state and information to be considered to identify those risks. Each company adapts the approach to its specific needs and circumstances as company decisions influence the way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Puelles
- Avanzare Innovación Tecnológica S.L., Av. Lentiscares, 4-6, 26370 Navarrete, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Marta Perez-Fernandez
- Avanzare Innovación Tecnológica S.L., Av. Lentiscares, 4-6, 26370 Navarrete, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Leire Barruetabeña
- GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, E-48170 Zamudio, Spain
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersoe Park Alle 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Nicolas Manier
- Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte 60550, France
| | - Beatrice Salieri
- TEMAS AG, 8048 Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Technology and Society Lab (TSL), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hischier
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Technology and Society Lab (TSL), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Rositsa Tsekovska
- Roumen Tsanev Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yordan Handzhiyski
- Roumen Tsanev Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jacques Bouillard
- Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte 60550, France
| | - Yohan Oudart
- Nanomakers, 1 Rue de Clairefontaine, 78 120 Rambouillet, France
| | - Karen S Galea
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sean Kelly
- Nanotechnology Industries Association (NIA), Avenue Tervueren 143, 1150 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Henk Goede
- TNO, Princetonlaan 6, 3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Julio Gomez-Cordon
- Avanzare Innovación Tecnológica S.L., Av. Lentiscares, 4-6, 26370 Navarrete, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersoe Park Alle 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL,UK
| | - Margarita D Apostolova
- Roumen Tsanev Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Isabel Rodríguez Llopis
- GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, E-48170 Zamudio, Spain
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8
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Geißler D, Nirmalananthan-Budau N, Scholtz L, Tavernaro I, Resch-Genger U. Analyzing the surface of functional nanomaterials-how to quantify the total and derivatizable number of functional groups and ligands. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:321. [PMID: 34482449 PMCID: PMC8418596 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials (NM) of different size, shape, chemical composition, and surface chemistry are of increasing relevance for many key technologies of the twenty-first century. This includes polymer and silica or silica-coated nanoparticles (NP) with covalently bound surface groups, semiconductor quantum dots (QD), metal and metal oxide NP, and lanthanide-based NP with coordinatively or electrostatically bound ligands, as well as surface-coated nanostructures like micellar encapsulated NP. The surface chemistry can significantly affect the physicochemical properties of NM, their charge, their processability and performance, as well as their impact on human health and the environment. Thus, analytical methods for the characterization of NM surface chemistry regarding chemical identification, quantification, and accessibility of functional groups (FG) and surface ligands bearing such FG are of increasing importance for quality control of NM synthesis up to nanosafety. Here, we provide an overview of analytical methods for FG analysis and quantification with special emphasis on bioanalytically relevant FG broadly utilized for the covalent attachment of biomolecules like proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides and address method- and material-related challenges and limitations. Analytical techniques reviewed include electrochemical titration methods, optical assays, nuclear magnetic resonance and vibrational spectroscopy, as well as X-ray based and thermal analysis methods, covering the last 5-10 years. Criteria for method classification and evaluation include the need for a signal-generating label, provision of either the total or derivatizable number of FG, need for expensive instrumentation, and suitability for process and production control during NM synthesis and functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geißler
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nithiya Nirmalananthan-Budau
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Scholtz
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabella Tavernaro
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Salieri B, Barruetabeña L, Rodríguez-Llopis I, Jacobsen NR, Manier N, Trouiller B, Chapon V, Hadrup N, Jiménez AS, Micheletti C, Merino BS, Brignon JM, Bouillard J, Hischier R. Integrative approach in a safe by design context combining risk, life cycle and socio-economic assessment for safer and sustainable nanomaterials. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100335. [PMID: 35559836 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Moving towards safe and sustainable innovations is an international policy ambition. In the on-hand manuscript, a concept combining safe by design and sustainability was implemented through the integration of human and environmental risk assessment, life cycle assessment as well as an assessment of the economic viability. The result is a nested and iterative process in form of a decision tree that integrates these three elements in order to achieve sustainable, safe and competitive materials, products or services. This approach, embedded into the stage-gate-model for safe by design, allows to reduce the uncertainty related to the assessment of risks and impacts by improving the quality of the data collected along each stage. In the second part of the manuscript, the application is shown for a case study dealing with the application of nanoparticles for Li-Ion batteries. One of the general conclusions out of this case study is that data gaps are a key aspect in view of the reliability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Salieri
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Technology and Society Lab, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; TEMAS Solutions GmbH, Lätterweg 5, 5212 Hausen, Switzerland.
| | - Leire Barruetabeña
- GAIKER-IK4 Technology Centre, Parque Tecnológico, Ed. 20248.170, Zamudio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Park Alle 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Manier
- INERIS, Parc Alata, BP 2, 60550 Vernueil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | | | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Park Alle 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roland Hischier
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Technology and Society Lab, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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