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Joshi NP, Madiwale SD, Sundrani DP, Joshi SR. Fatty acids, inflammation and angiogenesis in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Biochimie 2023; 212:31-40. [PMID: 37059350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder in pregnancy whose prevalence is on the rise. Reports suggest a likely association between inflammation and maternal GDM. A balance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines is necessary for the regulation of maternal inflammation system throughout pregnancy. Along with various inflammatory markers, fatty acids also act as pro-inflammatory molecules. However, studies reporting the role of inflammatory markers in GDM are contradictory, suggesting the need of more studies to better understand the role of inflammation in pregnancies complicated by GDM. Inflammatory response can be regulated by angiopoietins suggesting a link between inflammation and angiogenesis. Placental angiogenesis is a normal physiological process which is tightly regulated during pregnancy. Various pro and anti-angiogenic factors influence the regulation of the feto-placental vascular development. Studies evaluating the levels of angiogenic markers in women with GDM are limited and the findings are inconsistent. This review summarizes the available literature on fatty acids, inflammatory markers and angiogenesis in women with GDM. We also discuss the possible link between them and their influence on placental development in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita P Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Shweta D Madiwale
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Deepali P Sundrani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India.
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2
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Alfaro GF, Palombo V, D'Andrea M, Cao W, Zhang Y, Beever J, Muntifering RB, Pacheco WJ, Rodning SP, Wang X, Moisá SJ. Hepatic transcript profiling in beef cattle: Effects of rumen-protected niacin supplementation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289409. [PMID: 37535643 PMCID: PMC10399858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to assess the effect of rumen-protected niacin supplementation on the transcriptome of liver tissue in growing Angus × Simmental steers and heifers through RNA-seq analysis. Consequently, we wanted to assess the known role of niacin in the physiological processes of vasodilation, detoxification, and immune function in beef hepatic tissue. Normal weaned calves (~8 months old) were provided either a control diet or a diet supplemented with rumen-protected niacin (6 g/hd/d) for a 30-day period, followed by a liver biopsy. We observed a significant list of changes at the transcriptome level due to rumen-protected niacin supplementation. Several metabolic pathways revealed potential positive effects to the animal's liver metabolism due to administration of rumen-protected niacin; for example, a decrease in lipolysis, apoptosis, inflammatory responses, atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and vasodilation-related pathways. Therefore, results from our study showed that the liver transcriptional machinery switched several metabolic pathways to a condition that could potentially benefit the health status of animals supplemented with rumen-protected niacin. In conclusion, based on the results of our study, we can suggest the utilization of rumen-protected niacin supplementation as a nutritional strategy could improve the health status of growing beef cattle in different beef production stages, such as backgrounding operations or new arrivals to a feedlot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón F Alfaro
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Valentino Palombo
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariasilvia D'Andrea
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Wenqi Cao
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Beever
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Russell B Muntifering
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
- Cooperative Extension Service, University of Kentucky, Kentucky, Lexington, United States of America
| | - Wilmer J Pacheco
- Department of Poultry Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Soren P Rodning
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, United States of America
| | - Sonia J Moisá
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
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3
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Kumar N, Vyas A, Agnihotri SK, Chattopadhyay N, Sachdev M. Small secretory proteins of immune cells can modulate gynecological cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:513-531. [PMID: 35150864 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Small secretory proteins of immune cells are mostly Cytokines, which include chemokines, interleukins, interferons, lymphokines and tumor necrosis factors but not hormones or growth factors. These secretory proteins are the molecular messengers and primarily involved in autocrine, paracrine and endocrine signaling as immunomodulating agents. Hence, these proteins actually regulate the cells of immune system to communicate with one another to produce a synchronized, robust, still self-regulated response to a specific antigen. Chemokines are smaller secreted proteins that control overall immune cell movement and location; these chemokines are divided into 4 subgroups, namely, CXC, CC, CX3C and C according to the position of 4 conserved cysteine residues. Complete characterization of cytokines and chemokines can exploit their vast signaling networks to develop cancer treatments. These secretory proteins like IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNFα, CCL2, CXCL4 & CXCL8 are predominantly expressed in most of the gynecological cancers, which directly stimulate immune effector cells and stromal cells at the tumor site and augment tumor cell recognition by cytotoxic T-cells. Hence; these secretory proteins are the major regulators, which can actually modulate all kinds of gynecological cancers. Furthermore, advancements in adoptive T-cell treatment have relied on the use of multiple cytokines/chemokines to establish a highly regulated environment for anti-tumor T cell growth. A number of in vitro studies as well as animal models and clinical subjects have also shown that cytokines/chemokines have broad antitumor activity, which has been translated into a number of cancer therapy approaches. This review will focus on the foremost cytokines & chemokines involved in the majority of the gynecological malignancies and discuss their basic biology as well as clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Akanksha Vyas
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - Monika Sachdev
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
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4
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Gholiof M, Adamson-De Luca E, Wessels JM. The female reproductive tract microbiotas, inflammation, and gynecological conditions. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 4:963752. [PMID: 36303679 PMCID: PMC9580710 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2022.963752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The intricate interactions between the host cells, bacteria, and immune components that reside in the female reproductive tract (FRT) are essential in maintaining reproductive tract homeostasis. Much of our current knowledge surrounding the FRT microbiota relates to the vaginal microbiota, where ‘health’ has long been associated with low bacterial diversity and Lactobacillus dominance. This concept has recently been challenged as women can have a diverse vaginal microbial composition in the absence of symptomatic disease. The structures of the upper FRT (the endocervix, uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries) have distinct, lower biomass microbiotas than the vagina; however, the existence of permanent microbiotas at these sites is disputed. During homeostasis, a balance exists between the FRT bacteria and the immune system that maintains immune quiescence. Alterations in the bacteria, immune system, or local environment may result in perturbances to the FRT microbiota, defined as dysbiosis. The inflammatory signature of a perturbed or “dysbiotic” FRT microbiota is characterized by elevated concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cervical and vaginal fluid. It appears that vaginal homeostasis can be disrupted by two different mechanisms: first, a shift toward increased bacterial diversity can trigger vaginal inflammation, and second, local immunity is altered in some manner, which disrupts the microbiota in response to an environmental change. FRT dysbiosis can have negative effects on reproductive health. This review will examine the increasing evidence for the involvement of the FRT microbiotas and inflammation in gynecologic conditions such as endometriosis, infertility, and endometrial and ovarian cancer; however, the precise mechanisms by which bacteria are involved in these conditions remains speculative at present. While only in their infancy, the use of antibiotics and probiotics to therapeutically alter the FRT microbiota is being studied and is discussed herein. Our current understanding of the intimate relationship between immunity and the FRT microbiota is in its early days, and more research is needed to deepen our mechanistic understanding of this relationship and to assess how our present knowledge can be harnessed to assist in diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Gholiof
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Adamson-De Luca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- AIMA Laboratories Inc., Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jocelyn M. Wessels
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- AIMA Laboratories Inc., Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jocelyn M. Wessels
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5
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Liu CP, Li X, Lai GN, Li JH, Jia WY, Cao YY, Xu WX, Tan QL, Zhou CY, Luo M, Zhang XY, Yuan DQ, Tian JY, Zhang X, Zeng X. Mechanisms of Macrophage Immunomodulatory Activity Induced by a New Polysaccharide Isolated From Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries. Front Chem 2020; 8:581. [PMID: 32850623 PMCID: PMC7399574 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most malignant tumors closely associated with macrophage immune dysfunction. The Chinese medicine polyporus has shown excellent efficacy in treating bladder cancer, with minimal side effects. However, its material basis and mechanism of action remain unclear. A new water-soluble polysaccharide (HPP) with strong immunomodulatory activity was isolated from the fungus Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries. HPP had an average molecular weight of 6.88 kDa and was composed mainly of an <-(1 → 4)-linked D-galactan backbone. The immunomodulatory activity of HPP was determined in vitro, and the results revealed that it could obviously increase the secretion of immune factors by IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages, including nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), RANTES and interleukin-23 (IL-23), and the expression of the cell membrane molecule CD80. In addition, HPP was recognized by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and activated the signaling pathways of NF-κB and NLRP3 in a bladder cancer microenvironment model, indicating that HPP could enhance host immune system function. These findings demonstrated that HPP may be a potential immune modulator in the treatment of immunological diseases or bladder cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ping Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge-Na Lai
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Hua Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Yu Jia
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Cao
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xing Xu
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Long Tan
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dao-Qing Yuan
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ying Tian
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zeng
- Department of Integrated Chinese Medicine Immunization, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Hornung RS, Benton WL, Tongkhuya S, Uphouse L, Kramer PR, Averitt DL. Progesterone and Allopregnanolone Rapidly Attenuate Estrogen-Associated Mechanical Allodynia in Rats with Persistent Temporomandibular Joint Inflammation. Front Integr Neurosci 2020; 14:26. [PMID: 32457584 PMCID: PMC7225267 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is associated with pain in the joint (temporomandibular joint, TMJ) and muscles involved in mastication. TMD pain dissipates following menopause but returns in some women undergoing estrogen replacement therapy. Progesterone has both anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties, while estrogen's effects on nociception are variable and highly dependent on both natural hormone fluctuations and estrogen dosage during pharmacological treatments, with high doses increasing pain. Allopregnanolone, a progesterone metabolite and positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, also has antinociceptive properties. While progesterone and allopregnanolone are antinociceptive, their effect on estrogen-exacerbated TMD pain has not been determined. We hypothesized that removing the source of endogenous ovarian hormones would reduce inflammatory allodynia in the TMJ of rats and both progesterone and allopregnanolone would attenuate the estrogen-provoked return of allodynia. Baseline mechanical sensitivity was measured in female Sprague-Dawley rats (150-175 g) using the von Frey filament method followed by a unilateral injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the TMJ. Mechanical allodynia was confirmed 24 h later; then rats were ovariectomized or received sham surgery. Two weeks later, allodynia was reassessed and rats received one of the following subcutaneous hormone treatments over 5 days: a daily pharmacological dose of estradiol benzoate (E2; 50 μg/kg), daily E2 and pharmacological to sub-physiological doses of progesterone (P4; 16 mg/kg, 16 μg/kg, or 16 ng/kg), E2 daily and interrupted P4 given every other day, daily P4, or daily vehicle control. A separate group of animals received allopregnanolone (0.16 mg/kg) instead of P4. Allodynia was reassessed 1 h following injections. Here, we report that CFA-evoked mechanical allodynia was attenuated following ovariectomy and daily high E2 treatment triggered the return of allodynia, which was rapidly attenuated when P4 was also administered either daily or every other day. Allopregnanolone treatment, whether daily or every other day, also attenuated estrogen-exacerbated allodynia within 1 h of treatment, but only on the first treatment day. These data indicate that when gonadal hormone levels have diminished, treatment with a lower dose of progesterone may be effective at rapidly reducing the estrogen-evoked recurrence of inflammatory mechanical allodynia in the TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S. Hornung
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - William L. Benton
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Sirima Tongkhuya
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Lynda Uphouse
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Phillip R. Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Dayna Loyd Averitt
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, United States
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7
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Tuku B, Stanelle-Bertram S, Sellau J, Beck S, Bai T, Kouassi NM, Preuß A, Hoenow S, Renné T, Lotter H, Gabriel G. Testosterone Protects Against Severe Influenza by Reducing the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Response in the Murine Lung. Front Immunol 2020; 11:697. [PMID: 32431696 PMCID: PMC7216738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus pathogenesis may differ between men and women. The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic resulted in more documented hospitalizations in women compared to men. In this study, we analyzed the impact of male sex hormones on pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus disease outcome. In a murine infection model, we could mimic the clinical findings with female mice undergoing severe and even fatal 2009 H1N1 influenza compared to male mice. Treatment of female mice with testosterone could rescue the majority of mice from lethal influenza. Improved disease outcome in testosterone treated female mice upon 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus infection did not affect virus titers in the lung compared to carrier-treated females. However, reduction in IL-1β cytokine expression levels strongly correlated with reduced lung damage and improved influenza disease outcome in female mice upon testosterone treatment. In contrast, influenza disease outcome was not affected between castrated male mice and non-castrated controls. Here, influenza infection resulted in reduction of testosterone expression in male mice. These findings show that testosterone has protective functions on the influenza infection course. However, 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses seem to have evolved yet unknown mechanisms to reduce testosterone expression in males. These data will support future antiviral strategies to treat influenza taking sex-dependent immunopathologies into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berfin Tuku
- Department Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Stanelle-Bertram
- Department Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julie Sellau
- Research Group Molecular Infection Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beck
- Department Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tian Bai
- Department Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Mounogou Kouassi
- Department Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annette Preuß
- Department Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hoenow
- Research Group Molecular Infection Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Lotter
- Research Group Molecular Infection Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Department Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
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8
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Téllez-Bañuelos MC, González-Ochoa S, Ortiz-Lazareno PC, Rosas-Gonzalez VC, Gómez-Villela J, Haramati J. Low-dose endosulfan inhibits proliferation and induces senescence and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in human lymphocytes, preferentially impacting cytotoxic cells. J Immunotoxicol 2019; 16:173-181. [PMID: 31589084 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2019.1668513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosulfan is a DDT-era organochlorine pesticide. Due to past and current environmental contamination, investigation of endosulfan exposure is of current importance. Acute high dose exposure precipitates neural/endocrine system damage, but the effects on the immune system and of lower doses are not well-characterized. Two relatively low concentrations of endosulfan (i.e. 0.1 and 17 µM ENDO) were investigated in an in vitro study using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to understand effects of relatively low doses (0.1-25.0 µM [≈0.04-10 ppm/40-10,000 ppb]) of ENDO upon normal human T- and B-lymphocytes and NK cells. The study here found that 17 µM ENDO inhibited phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA)-induced human PBMC proliferation. It was also seen that senescence and apoptosis among non-stimulated cells was increased, specifically within CD8 and NK populations, and that CD4:CD8 ratios also were increased. Treatment of non-stimulated PBMC with ENDO led to overall increases in production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, -4, and -6, and decreased production of anti-inflammatory IL-10, suggesting an immunosenescence secretory phenotype. Interestingly, when the cells were pre-stimulated with mitogen (PHA), ENDO became inhibitory against the mitogen-induced proliferation and cytokine formation - with the exception of that of TNFα and IL-6, suggesting differential effects of ENDO on activated cells. Thus, at the organismal level, ENDO might also display differential effects during states of autoimmune disease or chronic viral infection in the exposed host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Cecilia Téllez-Bañuelos
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara , México.,Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara , México
| | - Salvador González-Ochoa
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara , México.,División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS , Guadalajara , México.,Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara , México
| | - Pablo Cesar Ortiz-Lazareno
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS , Guadalajara , México.,Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara , México
| | - Vida Celeste Rosas-Gonzalez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS , Guadalajara , México.,Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara , México
| | - Jaime Gómez-Villela
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara , México
| | - Jesse Haramati
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara , México.,Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara , México
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9
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Luo P, Jiang C, Ji P, Wang M, Xu J. Exosomes of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth as an anti-inflammatory agent in temporomandibular joint chondrocytes via miR-100-5p/mTOR. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:216. [PMID: 31358056 PMCID: PMC6664713 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is an inflammatory joint disease. This study investigated whether exosomes (Exos) of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) have a therapeutic effect on TMJ inflammation and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Materials and methods SHEDs were verified by flow cytometry. SHED-Exos were identified by western blotting, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of SHED-Exos. MicroRNA (miRNA) array analysis was conducted to determine the miRNA expression profiles of SHED-Exos, and the key pathways were analyzed. After chondrocytes were treated with an miR-100-5p mimic or rapamycin, relative expression of genes was measured by RT-qPCR and western blotting. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to reveal the molecular role of the exosomal miR-100 target, mTOR. Results MiR-100-5p was enriched in the SHED-Exos. Treatment with SHED-Exos suppressed the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, and disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5). Chondrocytes treated with the miR-100 mimic showed lower expression of MMP1, MMP9, MMP13, ADAMTS5, and mTOR. In contrast, miR-100 downregulation upregulated the MMPs and mTOR. Rapamycin treatment upregulated miR-100 and downregulated MMPs and ADAMTS5. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-100-5p directly targeted the mTOR 3′ untranslated region and that SHED-Exos miR-100-5p repressed mTOR expression. Conclusions This study demonstrated that SHED-Exos suppress inflammation in TMJ chondrocytes and may thus be a novel therapeutic agent for TMJ inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Luo
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Ji
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Menghong Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China. .,Pediatric Dentistry Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 426, North Songshi Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 426, North Songshi Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
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Tomato Powder Modulates NF- κB, mTOR, and Nrf2 Pathways during Aging in Healthy Rats. J Aging Res 2019; 2019:1643243. [PMID: 30719353 PMCID: PMC6334329 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1643243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of tomato powder (TP) on glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as oxidative stress and the NF-κB, mTOR, and Nrf2 pathways during the aging process in healthy rats. Methods and Results Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups as follows: (i) Control group 1 (n=15, 3-week old): rats were fed standard diet for 7 weeks; (ii) TP group 1 (n=15, 3-week old): rats were fed standard diet supplemented with TP for 7 weeks; (iii) Control group 2 (n=15, 8-week old): rats were fed standard diet for 69 weeks; and (iv) TP group 2 (8-week old): rats were fed standard diet supplemented with TP for 69 weeks. TP supplementation significantly reduced the hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia and improved liver function and kidney function in 77-week old rats compared with the control animals (P < 0.05). In addition, TP significantly decreased the serum and liver MDA levels (P < 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively) while increasing the activities of liver SOD (P < 0.001), CAT (P < 0.008), and GPx (P < 0.01) compared with the control groups in both 10-week-old and 77-week-old rats (P < 0.05). Age-related increases in phosphorylation of NF-κBp65, mTOR, 4E-BP1, and P70S6K were observed in livers of 77-week-old rats compared to those of 10-week-old rats (P < 0.001). TP supplementation decreased the expression of NF-κBp65 and activation of mTOR, 4E-BP1, and P70S6K in livers of 77-week-old rats compared to the control animals. Moreover, TP supplementation significantly elevated Nrf2 expression in livers of both 10-week-old and 77-week-old rats (P < 0.05). Conclusion TP ameliorates age-associated inflammation and oxidative stress through the inhibition of NF-κBp65, mTOR pathways, and Nrf2 activation may explain the observed improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism as well as the improved liver and kidney functions.
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11
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Ohya S, Kito H. Ca 2+-Activated K + Channel K Ca3.1 as a Therapeutic Target for Immune Disorders. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1158-1163. [PMID: 30068864 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In lymphoid and myeloid cells, membrane hyperpolarization by the opening of K+ channels increases the activity of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels and transient receptor potential (TRP) Ca2+ channels. The intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and cytokine production in innate and adaptive immune systems. KCa3.1 is therefore an attractive therapeutic target for allergic, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. In the past several years, studies have provided new insights into 1) KCa3.1 pharmacology and its auxiliary regulators; 2) post-transcriptional and proteasomal regulation of KCa3.1; 3) KCa3.1 as a regulator of immune cell migration, cytokine production, and phenotypic polarization; 4) the role of KCa3.1 in the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3; and 5) KCa3.1 as a therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we have assembled a comprehensive overview of current research on the physiological and pathophysiological significance of KCa3.1 in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University
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12
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Bereshchenko O, Bruscoli S, Riccardi C. Glucocorticoids, Sex Hormones, and Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1332. [PMID: 29946321 PMCID: PMC6006719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid hormones regulate essential body functions in mammals, control cell metabolism, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Importantly, they are potent suppressors of inflammation, and multiple immune-modulatory mechanisms involving leukocyte apoptosis, differentiation, and cytokine production have been described. Due to their potent anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive activity, synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are the most prescribed drugs used for treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. It is long been noted that males and females exhibit differences in the prevalence in several autoimmune diseases (AD). This can be due to the role of sexual hormones in regulation of the immune responses, acting through their endogenous nuclear receptors to mediate gene expression and generate unique gender-specific cellular environments. Given the fact that GCs are the primary physiological anti-inflammatory hormones, and that sex hormones may also exert immune-modulatory functions, the link between GCs and sex hormones may exist. Understanding the nature of this possible crosstalk is important to unravel the reason of sexual disparity in AD and to carefully prescribe these drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this review, we discuss similarities and differences between the effects of sex hormones and GCs on the immune system, to highlight possible axes of functional interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Bereshchenko
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bruscoli
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlo Riccardi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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13
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Noni ( Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice delays immunosenescence in the lymphocytes in lymph nodes of old F344 rats. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 16:199-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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14
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Huang W, Wen J, Lin R, Wei P, Huang F. Effects of mTOR/NF‐κB signaling pathway and high thoracic epidural anesthesia on myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury via autophagy in rats. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6669-6678. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Qiang Huang
- Cardio‐Cerebrovascular Disease Precision Medical Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of GuangxiDepartment of Geriatric CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Jian‐Lin Wen
- Cardio‐Cerebrovascular Disease Precision Medical Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of GuangxiDepartment of Geriatric CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Ri‐Qi Lin
- Cardio‐Cerebrovascular Disease Precision Medical Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of GuangxiDepartment of Geriatric CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Peng Wei
- Cardio‐Cerebrovascular Disease Precision Medical Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of GuangxiDepartment of Geriatric CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Feng Huang
- Cardio‐Cerebrovascular Disease Precision Medical Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of GuangxiDepartment of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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15
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Estrogen-induced neuroimmunomodulation as facilitator of and barrier to reproductive aging in brain and lymphoid organs. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 95:6-12. [PMID: 29477446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive aging in females is marked by alterations in gonadal hormones, estrogen and progesterone, that facilitate cessation of reproductive cycles and onset of female-specific diseases such as autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, hormone-dependent cancers, and osteoporosis. Bidirectional communication between the three homeostatic systems, nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system, is essential for the maintenance of health and any dysfunction in the cross-talk promotes the development of diseases and cancer. The pleiotropic effects of estrogen on neural-immune interactions may promote either neuroprotection or inflammatory conditions depending on the site of action, dose and duration of treatment, type of estrogen receptors and its influence on intracellular signaling pathways, etc. Our studies involving treatment of early middle-aged female rats with low and high doses of estrogen and examining the brain areas, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes revealed that estrogen-induced changes in neural-immune interactions are markedly affected in thymus followed by spleen and lymph nodes while it confers neuroprotection in the brain areas. These alterations are determined by antioxidant enzyme status, growth factors, intracellular signaling pathways involved in cell survival and inflammation, and metabolic enzymes and thus, may regulate the various stages in female reproductive aging. It is imperative that detailed longitudinal studies are carried out to understand the mechanisms of neuroendocrine-immune interactions in reproductive aging to facilitate healthy aging and for the development of better treatment strategies for female-specific diseases.
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16
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Ma JW, Hung CM, Lin YC, Ho CT, Kao JY, Way TD. Aloe-emodin inhibits HER-2 expression through the downregulation of Y-box binding protein-1 in HER-2-overexpressing human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:58915-58930. [PMID: 27391337 PMCID: PMC5312285 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-positive breast cancer tends to be aggressive, highly metastatic, and drug resistant and spreads rapidly. Studies have indicated that emodin inhibits HER-2 expression. This study compared the HER-2-inhibitory effects of two compounds extracted from rhubarb roots: aloe-emodin (AE) and rhein. Our results indicated that AE exerted the most potent inhibitory effect on HER-2 expression. Treatment of HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells with AE reduced tumor initiation, cell migration, and cell invasion. AE was able to suppress YB-1 expression, further suppressing downstream HER-2 expression. AE suppressed YB-1 expression through the inhibition of Twist in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Our data also found that AE inhibited cancer metastasis and cancer stem cells through the inhibition of EMT. Interestingly, AE suppressed YB-1 expression through the downregulation of the intracellular integrin-linked kinase (ILK)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mTOR signaling pathway in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. In vivo study showed the positive result of antitumor activity of AE in nude mice injected with human HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. These findings suggest the possible application of AE in the treatment of HER-2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Wen Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Hung
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chao Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jung-Yie Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Der Way
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Ma S, Bai Z, Wang W, Wu H. Retracted
: Effects of microrna‐93 on mouse cardiac microvascular endothelial cells injury and inflammatory response by mediating SPP1 through the NF‐ΚB pathway. J Cell Biochem 2017; 120:2847-2858. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su‐Xia Ma
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu City Shangqiu China
| | - Zhi‐Feng Bai
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu City Shangqiu China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital Beijing China
| | - Hui‐Ying Wu
- Department of General Medicine Henan Provincial People’s Hospital Zhengzhou China
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18
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Yang C, Gao J, Du J, Yang X, Jiang J. Altered Neuroendocrine Immune Responses, a Two-Sword Weapon against Traumatic Inflammation. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1409-1419. [PMID: 29209145 PMCID: PMC5715524 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.21916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During the occurrence and development of injury (trauma, hemorrhagic shock, ischemia and hypoxia), the neuroendocrine and immune system act as a prominent navigation leader and possess an inter-system crosstalk between the reciprocal information dissemination. The fundamental reason that neuroendocrinology and immunology could mix each other and permeate toward the field of traumatology is owing to their same biological languages or chemical information molecules (hormones, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, cytokines and their corresponding receptors) shared by the neuroendocrine and immune systems. The immune system is not only modulated by the neuroendocrine system, but also can modulate the biological functions of the neuroendocrine system. The interactive linkage of these three systems precipitates the complicated space-time patterns for the courses of traumatic inflammation. Recently, compelling evidence indicates that the network linkage pattern that initiating agents of neuroendocrine responses, regulatory elements of immune cells and effecter targets for immune regulatory molecules arouse the resistance mechanism disorders, which supplies the beneficial enlightenment for the diagnosis and therapy of traumatic complications from the view of translational medicine. Here we review the alternative protective and detrimental roles as well as possible mechanisms of the neuroendocrine immune responses in traumatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xuetao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
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19
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Ravichandran KA, Karrunanithi S, Hima L, Pratap UP, Priyanka HP, ThyagaRajan S. Estrogen differentially regulates the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and nerve growth factor through free radical generation in the thymus and mesenteric lymph nodes of middle-aged ovariectomized female Sprague-Dawley rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/cen3.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore A. Ravichandran
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory; Department of Biotechnology; School of Bioengineering; SRM University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sunil Karrunanithi
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory; Department of Biotechnology; School of Bioengineering; SRM University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Lalgi Hima
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory; Department of Biotechnology; School of Bioengineering; SRM University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Uday P. Pratap
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory; Department of Biotechnology; School of Bioengineering; SRM University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Hannah P. Priyanka
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory; Department of Biotechnology; School of Bioengineering; SRM University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Srinivasan ThyagaRajan
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory; Department of Biotechnology; School of Bioengineering; SRM University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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20
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Dragin N, Nancy P, Villegas J, Roussin R, Le Panse R, Berrih-Aknin S. Balance between Estrogens and Proinflammatory Cytokines Regulates Chemokine Production Involved in Thymic Germinal Center Formation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7970. [PMID: 28801669 PMCID: PMC5554297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The early-onset form of Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is prevalent in women and associates with ectopic germinal centers (GCs) development and inflammation in the thymus. we aimed to investigate the contribution of estrogens in the molecular processes involved in thymic GCs formation. We examined expression of genes involved in anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) response in MG, MHC class II and α-AChR subunit as well as chemokines involved in GC development (CXCL13, CCL21and CXCL12). In resting conditions, estrogens have strong regulatory effects on thymic epithelial cells (TECs), inducing a decreased protein expression of the above molecules. In knockout mouse models for estrogen receptor or aromatase, we observed that perturbation in estrogen transduction pathway altered MHC Class II, α-AChR, and CXCL13 expression. However, in inflammatory conditions, estrogen effects were partially overwhelmed by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, estrogens were able to control production of type I interferon and therefore play dual roles during inflammatory events. In conclusion, we showed that estrogens inhibited expression of α-AChR and HLA-DR in TECs, suggesting that estrogens may alter the tolerization process and favor environment for an autoimmune response. By contrast, under inflammatory conditions, estrogen effects depend upon strength of the partner molecules with which it is confronted to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Dragin
- Inovarion, Paris, France. .,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France. .,INSERM U974, Paris, France.
| | - Patrice Nancy
- Department of Pathology, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - José Villegas
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,INSERM U974, Paris, France.,AIM, institute of myology, Paris, France
| | | | - Rozen Le Panse
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,INSERM U974, Paris, France.,AIM, institute of myology, Paris, France
| | - Sonia Berrih-Aknin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,INSERM U974, Paris, France.,AIM, institute of myology, Paris, France
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21
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Qin CC, Liu YN, Hu Y, Yang Y, Chen Z. Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 as mediator of inflammation in acute liver injury. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3043-3052. [PMID: 28533661 PMCID: PMC5423041 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i17.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 is one of the CXC chemokines and is also known as chemokine CXC ligand (CXCL2). MIP-2 affects neutrophil recruitment and activation through the p38 mitogen-activated-protein-kinase-dependent signaling pathway, by binding to its specific receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2. MIP-2 is produced by a variety of cell types, such as macrophages, monocytes, epithelial cells, and hepatocytes, in response to infection or injury. In liver injury, activated Kupffer cells are known as the major source of MIP-2. MIP-2-recruited and activated neutrophils can accelerate liver inflammation by releasing various inflammatory mediators. Here, we give a brief introduction to the basic molecular and cellular sources of MIP-2, and focus on its physiological and pathological functions in acute liver injury induced by concanavalin A, lipopolysaccharides, irradiation, ischemia/reperfusion, alcohol, and hypoxia, and hepatectomy-induced liver regeneration and tumor colorectal metastasis. Further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of MIP-2 secretion and activation may be helpful to develop MIP-2-targeted therapeutic strategies to prevent liver inflammation.
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22
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Pratap UP, Hima L, Priyanka HP, ThyagaRajan S. Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice reverses age-related decline in neural-immune interactions in the spleens of old F344 rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:363-371. [PMID: 28111215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Various parts of the tropical plant, Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni), have been widely used in traditional medicine in South and Southeast Asia for several centuries. The therapeutic effects of the noni are believed to be mediated through several phytochemicals such as anthraquinones, iridoid, fatty acid glycosides, alcohols, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of Morinda citrifolia fruit juice (noni fruit juice; NFJ) on neural-immune interactions through the involvement of intracellular signaling pathways both in vitro and in vivo in the splenic lymphocytes of young and old male F344 rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the in vitro study, splenocytes from young and old F344 rats were isolated and treated with 0.0001-1% concentrations of NFJ for a period of 24h, while in the in vivo study, old F344 rats were orally administered (5ml/kg body weight) with NFJ (5%, 10% and 20%) twice daily for 60 days. After the treatment period, concanavalin A (Con A)-induced lymphocyte proliferation, cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF-α) production, expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (p-TH), nerve growth factor (NGF), m-TOR, IκB-α, p-NF-κB (p50 and p65), p-ERK, p-Akt, p-CREB and lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl formation, nitric oxide (NO) production were examined in the splenocytes. RESULTS In vitro NFJ incubation of splenic lymphocytes increased Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2 and IFN-γ production, and expression of p-ERK, p-Akt, and p-CREB in young and old rats. In vivo treatment of old rats with NFJ increased lymphoproliferation, IL-2 and IFN-γ production, the expression of p-TH, NGF, and NO production, and suppressed IL-6 production, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl formation, and the expression of IκB-α and p-NF-κB (p50) in the splenocytes. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that Morinda citrifolia fruit juice enhanced neural-immune interactions and cell survival pathways while inhibiting inflammatory processes that may be useful in the treatment of age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday P Pratap
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lalgi Hima
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hannah P Priyanka
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srinivasan ThyagaRajan
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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23
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Pratap UP, Patil A, Sharma HR, Hima L, Chockalingam R, Hariharan MM, Shitoot S, Priyanka HP, ThyagaRajan S. Estrogen-induced neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects are dependent on the brain areas of middle-aged female rats. Brain Res Bull 2016; 124:238-53. [PMID: 27242078 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproductive aging in females is characterized by fluctuations and precipitous decline in estrogen levels, which may lead to reduction in cognitive function and age-associated neurodegenerative disorders. The nature of estrogen-mediated neuronal plasticity is unknown during reproductive aging. We hypothesize that estrogen treatment of early middle-aged ovariectomized rats may exert specific effects in the brain by modulating signaling pathways regulating metabolic enzymes, inflammatory markers, antioxidant status, cholinergic function and survival signals. PURPOSE To investigate the mechanisms of estrogen-induced effects on neuroprotection and neuroinflammation through the involvement of intracellular signaling pathways in brain areas of ovariectomized (OVX) middle-aged (MA) female rats. METHODS Ovariectomized early MA female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=8/group) were implanted with 17β-estradiol (E2) 30-day release pellets (0.6μg and 300μg). At the end of the treatment period, frontal cortex (FC), striatum (STR), medial basal hypothalamus (MBH), and hippocampus (HP) were isolated and examined for the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (p-TH), nerve growth factor (NGF), p-NF-κB (p50 and p65)and p-ERK, p-CREB, p-Akt, and activities of cholinesterases and antioxidant enzymes, key regulatory enzymes of metabolic pathways, and nitric oxide production. RESULTS E2 enhanced p-TH expression in FC and HP, reduced NGF expression in HP, and suppressed p-NF-κB expression in FC and STR. It also increased the expression of molecular markers (p-ERK, p-CREB and p-Akt), and nitric oxide production in various brain areas, while differentially regulating the activities of metabolic enzymes and cholinesterases. CONCLUSION Estrogen modulates the neural and inflammatory factors, and intracellular markers depending on the brain areas that may influence differential remodeling of neuronal circuitry which can be used to develop therapeutic strategies in cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disorders in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday P Pratap
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anushree Patil
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Himanshu R Sharma
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lalgi Hima
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramanathan Chockalingam
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali M Hariharan
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sushrut Shitoot
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hannah P Priyanka
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srinivasan ThyagaRajan
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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