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Liberatore J, Nguyen Y, Hadjadj J, Cohen P, Mouthon L, Puéchal X, Guillevin L, Terrier B. Risk factors for hypogammaglobulinemia and association with relapse and severe infections in ANCA-associated vasculitis: A cohort study. J Autoimmun 2024; 142:103130. [PMID: 37956529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES B-cell depletion induced by rituximab (RTX) in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a risk factor for hypogammaglobulinemia. Aggregating data on gammaglobulin levels kinetics during RTX and its association with the risk of relapse and severe infection is of interest. METHODS Gammaglobulin levels were collected before induction therapy and during RTX maintenance therapy. We used different definitions of gammaglobulin decline: 1/gammaglobulin levels <6 g/L after induction; 2/>25 % decline in gammaglobulin levels between induction and maintenance, and 3/both. Our primary objective was the impact of gammaglobulin decline on the risk of relapse and severe infections. RESULTS We included 98 patients. Patients with gammaglobulin level <6 g/L after induction and gammaglobulin decline >25 % were older (OR 3.9; 95%CI 1.1-16.1), had more frequently baseline gammaglobulin levels <10 g/L (OR 6.0; 95%CI 1.7-25.8) and received more frequent pulses of methylprednisolone at induction (OR 4.6; 95%CI 1.3-18.5). Severe infection-free survival was significantly poorer in patients with both gammaglobulin <6 g/L and gammaglobulin decline >25 % (adjusted HR 2.3; 95%CI 1.0-5.1) and in those who received pulses of methylprednisolone (HR 5.6; 95%CI 2.3-13.4). Gammaglobulin decline was in contrast not associated with the risk of relapse. CONCLUSION Older age, low gammaglobulin levels and pulses of methylprednisolone at induction increase the likelihood of gammaglobulin decline after induction therapy. Such decline was associated with an increased risk of severe infections but not lower risk of vasculitis relapse. Pulses of methylprednisolone at induction had an independent negative impact on gammaglobulin levels and the risk of severe infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Liberatore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier d'Angoulême, Chemin du Grand Girac, 16959, Angoulême, France
| | - Yann Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris, Cedex 14, France
| | - Jérôme Hadjadj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris, Cedex 14, France
| | - Pascal Cohen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris, Cedex 14, France
| | - Luc Mouthon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris, Cedex 14, France; Université Paris Cité, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Puéchal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris, Cedex 14, France; Université Paris Cité, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Guillevin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris, Cedex 14, France; Université Paris Cité, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Terrier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris, Cedex 14, France; Université Paris Cité, F-75006, Paris, France.
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Meng T, Zhu P, Shen C, Ooi JD, Eggenhuizen P, Zhou YO, Luo H, Chen JB, Lin W, Xiong Q, Gong Y, Tang R, Ao X, Peng W, Xiao Z, Xiao P, Xiao X, Zhong Y. Sex disparities in clinicopathological features and outcomes of patients with myeloperoxidase-ANCA-associated vasculitis: a retrospective study of 366 cases in a single Chinese center. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:3565-3572. [PMID: 37428262 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
There are a few studies that reported sex disparities in clinical features, pathological features and outcomes among ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients, but studies focusing on sex-specific differences of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAV patients are scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze sex differences in clinicopathological features and outcomes of MPO-AAV. Patients diagnosed with MPO-AAV in Xiangya Hospital from January 2010 to June 2021 were included in the study and separated into female and male groups. The differences in clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, pathological features and prognosis between the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Three hundred and sixty-six patients were included and divided into female group (n = 176) and male group (n = 190). The age of the male group was 62.41 ± 10.49 years, significantly higher than that of the female group (58.69 ± 16.39, p = 0.011). Compared with the female group, the male group had a shorter duration of disease, higher levels of hemoglobin, eosinophil count, proteinuria, serum C4, and lower levels of serum globulin, serum IgG and serum IgM (p < 0.05). No significant differences in kidney pathological features were observed between the two groups. During a median follow-up of 37.6 months, there was no significant difference in renal survival and patient survival between the two groups, but male patients had a worse composite outcome of renal and patient survival compared with the female patients (p = 0.044). This study found that male patients with MPO-AAV had a higher age of onset, shorter duration of disease, higher levels of hemoglobin, eosinophil count, proteinuria, serum C4, and lower levels of serum globulin, serum IgG and serum IgM. Male patients fared worse than female patients in terms of the composite outcome of renal and patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological, Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Huana, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological, Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Huana, China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Eggenhuizen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Biao Chen
- Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yizi Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weisheng Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological, Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Huana, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Xiangya Road #87, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological, Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Huana, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Xiangya Road #87, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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3
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Alchi MB, Lever R, Flossmann O, Jayne D. Efficacy and safety of low- versus high-dose glucocorticoid regimens for induction of remission of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Rheumatol 2023; 52:564-573. [PMID: 37339385 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2023.2211387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucocorticoids (GCs) remain a cornerstone of the initial management of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), but have several dose-dependent side effects, in particular infections. The optimal dosing and tapering of oral GCs for remission induction are unknown. A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to determine the efficacy and safety of low- versus high-dose GC regimens. METHOD A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases was conducted. Clinical studies using a GC-based induction protocol were selected. A daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg or < 30 mg/day oral prednisolone equivalent by the start of week 4 of the induction tapering schedule marked the threshold between high- and low-dose GCs. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated by the random effects model for outcomes of remission and infection. Relapse events were summarized using risk differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS In total, 1145 participants were included in three randomized controlled trials and two observational studies, of whom 543 were assigned to the low-dose GC group and 602 to the high-dose GC group. A low-dose GC regimen was non-inferior to high-dose GCs with respect to outcomes of remission (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.02, p = 0.37; I2 = 0%) and relapse (risk difference 0.03, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.06, p = 0.15; I2 = 12%), while significantly reducing the incidence of infection (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39-0.91, p = 0.02; I2 = 65%). CONCLUSION Studies with low-dose GC regimens in AAV are associated with fewer infections while obtaining equivalent efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Alchi
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - R Lever
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - O Flossmann
- Berkshire Kidney Unit, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
| | - D Jayne
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Magri SJ, Ugarte-Gil MF, Brance ML, Flores-Suárez LF, Fernández-Ávila DG, Scolnik M, Sato EI, de Souza AWS, Saldarriaga-Rivera LM, Babini AM, Zamora NV, Felquer MLA, Vergara F, Carlevaris L, Scarafia S, Guppy ERS, Unizony S. Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology Guidelines for the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2023; 5:e483-e494. [PMID: 38251580 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Considerable variability exists in the way health-care providers treat patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis in Latin America. The most frequently used treatments for ANCA-associated vasculitis are cyclophosphamide and prolonged glucocorticoid tapers; however, randomised controlled trials conducted over the past 30 years have led to the development of several evidence-based treatment alternatives for these patients. Latin America faces socioeconomic challenges that affect access to care, and the use of certain costly medications with proven efficacy ANCA-associated vasculitis is often restricted. For these reasons, the Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology developed the first ANCA-associated vasculitis treatment guidelines tailored for Latin America. A panel of local vasculitis experts generated clinically meaningful questions related to the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis using the Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) format. Following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology, a team of methodologists conducted a systematic literature review. The panel of vasculitis experts voted on each PICO question and made recommendations, which required at least 70% agreement among the voting members. 21 recommendations and two expert opinion statements for the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis were developed, considering the current evidence and the socioeconomic characteristics of the region. These recommendations include guidance for the use of glucocorticoids, non-glucocorticoid immunosuppressants, and plasma exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Juan Magri
- Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Italiano de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Luis Felipe Flores-Suárez
- Primary Systemic Vasculitides Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Marina Scolnik
- Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emilia Inoue Sato
- Medicine Department, Universidad Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Santiago Scarafia
- Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Municipal San Cayetano, Virreyes, Argentina
| | | | - Sebastian Unizony
- Vasculitis and Glomerulonephritis Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Chen J, Meng T, Xu J, Ooi JD, Eggenhuizen PJ, Liu W, Li F, Wu X, Sun J, Zhang H, Zhou YO, Luo H, Xiao X, Pei Y, Li W, Zhong Y. Development of a radiomics nomogram to predict the treatment resistance of Chinese MPO-AAV patients with lung involvement: a two-center study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1084299. [PMID: 37503353 PMCID: PMC10369051 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1084299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies from our group and other investigators have shown that lung involvement is one of the independent predictors for treatment resistance in patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV). However, it is unclear which image features of lung involvement can predict the therapeutic response in MPO-AAV patients, which is vital in decision-making for these patients. Our aim was to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram to predict treatment resistance of Chinese MPO-AAV patients based on low-dose multiple slices computed tomography (MSCT) of the involved lung with cohorts from two centers. Methods A total of 151 MPO-AAV patients with lung involvement (MPO-AAV-LI) from two centers were enrolled. Two different models (Model 1: radiomics signature; Model 2: radiomics nomogram) were built based on the clinical and MSCT data to predict the treatment resistance of MPO-AAV with lung involvement in training and test cohorts. The performance of the models was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC). The better model was further validated. A nomogram was constructed and evaluated by DCA and calibration curves, which further tested in all enrolled data and compared with the other model. Results Model 2 had a higher predicting ability than Model 1 both in training (AUC: 0.948 vs. 0.824; p = 0.039) and test cohorts (AUC: 0.913 vs. 0.898; p = 0.043). As a better model, Model 2 obtained an excellent predictive performance (AUC: 0.929; 95% CI: 0.827-1.000) in the validation cohort. The DCA curve demonstrated that Model 2 was clinically feasible. The calibration curves of Model 2 closely aligned with the true treatment resistance rate in the training (p = 0.28) and test sets (p = 0.70). In addition, the predictive performance of Model 2 (AUC: 0.929; 95% CI: 0.875-0.964) was superior to Model 1 (AUC: 0.862; 95% CI: 0.796-0.913) and serum creatinine (AUC: 0.867; 95% CI: 0.802-0.917) in all patients (all p< 0.05). Conclusion The radiomics nomogram (Model 2) is a useful, non-invasive tool for predicting the treatment resistance of MPO-AAV patients with lung involvement, which might aid in individualizing treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Joshua D. Ooi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Wenguang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yigang Pei
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Schirmer JH, Sanchez-Alamo B, Hellmich B, Jayne D, Monti S, Luqmani RA, Tomasson G. Systematic literature review informing the 2022 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV): part 1-treatment of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003082. [PMID: 37479496 PMCID: PMC10364171 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarise and update evidence to inform the 2022 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). METHODS A systematic literature review (SLR) was performed to identify current evidence regarding treatment of AAV. PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were searched from 1 February 2015 to 25 February 2022. The evidence presented here is focused on the treatment of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. RESULTS 3517 articles were screened and 175 assessed by full-text review. Ninety articles were included in the final evidence synthesis. Cyclophosphamide and rituximab (RTX) show similar efficacy for remission induction (level of evidence (LoE) 1a) but RTX is more effective in relapsing disease (LoE 1b). Glucocorticoid (GC) protocols with faster tapering result in similar remission rates but lower rates of serious infections (LoE 1b). Avacopan can be used to rapidly taper and replace GC (LoE 1b). Data on plasma exchange are inconsistent depending on the analysed trial populations but meta-analyses based on randomised controlled trials demonstrate a reduction of the risk of end-stage kidney disease at 1 year but not during long-term follow-up (LoE 1a). Use of RTX for maintenance of remission is associated with lower relapse rates compared with azathioprine (AZA, LoE 1b). Prolonged maintenance treatment results in lower relapse rates for both, AZA (LoE 1b) and RTX (LoE 1b). CONCLUSION This SLR provides current evidence to inform the 2022 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Henrik Schirmer
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Beatriz Sanchez-Alamo
- Nephrology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bernhard Hellmich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Medius Kliniken Kirchheim/Teck, University Tübingen, Kirchheim-Teck, Germany
| | - David Jayne
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Monti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia; Division of Rheumatology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Raashid Ahmed Luqmani
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gunnar Tomasson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Guo Q, Yu L, Zhang X, Shang J, Duan X. Analysis of the risk factors for end‑stage renal disease and mortality in ANCA-associated vasculitis: a study from a single center of the Chinese Rheumatism Data Center. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:489-499. [PMID: 36367596 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical features of AAV and identify possible risk factors for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in AAV based on the experience of a single center in China. METHODS A prospective cohort study of AAV was conducted based on data acquired by the Chinese Rheumatism Data Center (CRDC). The cohort involved 140 patients diagnosed with AAV in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2013 to April 2022. Clinical characteristics and prognostic data were prospectively collected. The patients were divided into an ESRD group and a non-ESRD group, a death group and a survival group, Then, univariate and multivariate COX regression models were used to determine the risk factors associated with ESRD and mortality by AAV. RESULTS Multivariate Cox regression results showed that high initial serum creatinine (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.001, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.000-1.002, P = 0.024), high initial Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) (HR = 1.081, 95% CI: 1.027-1.138, P = 0.003), and the need for dialysis treatment (HR = 4.918, 95% CI: 1.727-14.000, P = 0.003) were independent risk factors for the progression of ESRD in AAV patients. Multivariate Cox regression results showed that alveolar hemorrhage (HR = 3.846, 95% CI: 1.235-11.973, P = 0.020), interstitial lung disease (HR = 4.818, 95% CI: 1.788-12.982, P = 0.002), and low initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) (HR = 0.981, 95% CI: 0.968-0.995, P = 0.009) were independent risk factors for the prediction of death in AAV patients. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that high initial serum creatinine, a high initial BVAS score, and the need for dialysis were independent risk factors for the progression of ESRD in AAV patients. Alveolar hemorrhage, interstitial lung disease, and low initial EGFR were independent risk factors for death. Key Points • The risk factors for ESRD in AAV determined in this study are high initial serum creatinine, a high initial BVAS score, and the need for dialysis. • The risk factors for mortality in AAV are alveolar hemorrhage, interstitial lung disease, and low initial EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifang Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Mingde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Mingde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiuling Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Mingde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingjing Shang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Mingde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinwang Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Mingde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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8
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The effect of discontinuation of maintenance therapy in Chinese patients with MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis who were in long-term stable remission. Clin Exp Med 2022; 23:357-364. [PMID: 35260955 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
There is a consensus that maintenance therapy should be used to prevent relapse of myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV), but there is a debate about the optimal duration of maintenance therapy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether discontinuation of maintenance therapy in MPO-AAV patients who were in long-term stable remission affects relapse, renal survival and patient survival. Seventy-nine patients with MPO-AAV diagnosed at Xiangya hospital from June 2010 to June 2019 who were in stable remission for at least 18 months following maintenance therapy were included. Patient records were retrospectively reviewed, and based on whether patients discontinued maintenance therapy 18 months after commencing maintenance therapy, patients were assigned into either the withdrawal group (n = 26) or maintenance group (n = 53). The endpoint was the percentage of relapse, relapse-free survival, renal survival and patient survival during follow-up. Ten relapses (38.5%) occurred in the withdrawal group (n = 26) and 8 relapses (15.1%) occurred in the maintenance group (n = 53) (p = 0.020). Compared to the withdrawal group, the maintenance group had similar relapse-free survival (log-rank test p = 0.099). But maintenance group had a better renal survival (p = 0.035), with no difference in patient survival or adverse events. This study suggests that discontinuing maintenance therapy at 18 months following induction of sustained remission leads to a significant increase in the percentage of relapse, and decreases renal survival in patients with MPO-AAV, but does not decrease relapse-free survival or patient survival.
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9
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Wu X, Zhong Y, Meng T, Ooi JD, Eggenhuizen PJ, Tang R, Nie W, Xiao X, Sun J, Ao X, Zhang H. Patient Survival Between Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Among End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Secondary to Myeloperoxidase-ANCA-Associated Vasculitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:775586. [PMID: 35118086 PMCID: PMC8804699 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.775586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant proportion of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated glomerulonephritis eventually progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) thus requiring long-term dialysis. There is no consensus about which dialysis modality is more recommended for those patients with associated vasculitis (AAV-ESRD). The primary objective of this study was to compare patient survival in patients with AAV-ESRD treated with hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). METHODS This double-center retrospective cohort study included dialysis-dependent patients who were treated with HD or PD. Clinical data were collected under standard format. The Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) was used to evaluate disease activity at diagnosis and organ damage was assessed using the vasculitis damage index (VDI) at dialysis initiation. RESULTS In total, 85 patients were included: 64 with hemodialysis and 21 with peritoneal dialysis. The patients with AAV-PD were much younger than the AAV-HD patients (48 vs. 62, P < 0.01) and more were female (76.2 vs. 51.6%, P = 0.05). The laboratory data were almost similar. The comorbidities, VDI score, and immuno-suppressive therapy at dialysis initiation were almost no statistical difference. Patient survival rates between HD and PD at 1 year were 65.3 vs. 90% (P = 0.062), 3 year were 59.6 vs. 90% (P < 0.001), and 5 years were 59.6 vs. 67.5% (P = 0.569). The overall survival was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.086) and the dialysis modality (HD or PD) was not shown to be an independent predictor for all-cause death (hazard ratio (HR) 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31-1.7; P = 0.473). Cardio-cerebrovascular events were the main cause of death among AAV-HD patients while infection in patients with AAV-PD. CONCLUSION These results provide real-world data that the use of either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis modality does not affect patient survival for patients with AAV-ESRD who need long-term dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Joshua Daniel Ooi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Eggenhuizen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wannian Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Meng T, Shen C, Tang R, Lin W, Ooi JD, Eggenhuizen PJ, Zhou YO, Chen J, He F, Xiao Z, Ao X, Peng W, Nie W, Zhou Q, Xiao P, Zhong Y, Xiao X. Clinical features and outcomes of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis in Chinese childhood-onset patients. Clin Exp Med 2021; 22:447-453. [PMID: 34550486 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-021-00762-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Data on anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) are limited in children. This study is to determine the clinical features and outcomes of childhood-onset AAV. A retrospective study was performed on patients who were diagnosed with AAV before 18 years old in Xiangya Hospital. Their medical records were analyzed by retrospective review. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with AAV before 18 years old in the past 9 years, with an average age of 13.3 ± 3.3 years and 13 of them were female. There were 15 patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and 1 with Wegener's granulomatosis. The interval between onset of disease and diagnosis of AAV was 2 (1.5-3) months. Most patients (15/16, 93.8%) had multi-organ involvement, and all patients had renal involvement with 7 (43.8%) patients requiring dialysis at presentation. Eleven patients underwent a renal biopsy, of which mixed class and sclerotic class were the most two common histological types. All patients received immunosuppressive therapy for induction therapy including intravenous administrations of methylprednisolone (MP) pulse therapy for 8 patients. 8 patients (50%) achieved remission after induction therapy. After a median follow-up of 46.3 ± 36.1 months, nine (56.3%) patients progressed to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and 5 (31.3%) patients died. Childhood-onset AAV showed similar clinical and pathological features compared to those of adults, except that it usually occurs in girls. The most commonly involved organ was the kidney, and it had a high risk of progression to ESRD. Early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate immunomodulatory therapy would be important to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.,Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Eggenhuizen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Weisheng Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wannian Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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11
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Chen JB, Tang R, Zhong Y, Zhou YO, Zuo X, Luo H, Huang L, Lin W, Wu T, Yang Y, Meng T, Xiao Z, Ao X, Xiao X, Zhou Q, Xiao P. Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts a reduced risk of end-stage renal disease in Chinese patients with myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: A retrospective observational study. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:989. [PMID: 34345271 PMCID: PMC8311255 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been indicated to be important in the pathogenesis of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a novel marker of inflammation. The present study was thus performed to explore the association between the SII at diagnosis and inflammatory response and disease activity in Chinese patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAV. Furthermore, it was evaluated whether the SII is able to predict the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and patient survival. A total of 190 patients with MPO-AAV were included in the present study. The baseline SII was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP; r=0.274, P<0.0001) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; r=0.481, P<0.0001). However, the SII had no obvious correlation with the Birmingham vasculitis activity score. Patients with SII≥2,136.45 exhibited better cumulative renal survival rates than those with SII<2,136.45 (P=0.001). However, no significant difference in patient survival was indicated between patients with SII≥2,136.45 and those with SII<2,136.45 at diagnosis. In conclusion, the SII was positively correlated with CRP and ESR in Chinese patients with MPO-AAV. Furthermore, the SII may be an independent factor associated with a reduced risk of ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Biao Chen
- Department of Medical Records & Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yingqiang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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12
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Wu T, Shen C, Zhong Y, Ooi JD, Zhou YO, Chen JB, Meng T, Xiao Z, Lin W, Ao X, Xiao X, Zhou Q, Xiao P. Differences between myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) and proteinase 3-ANCA associated vasculitis: A retrospective study from a single center in China. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:561. [PMID: 33850533 PMCID: PMC8027729 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV), the two major target antigens of ANCA are proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Evidence is accumulating that there are distinct differences between patients with PR3-AAV and those with MPO-AAV. In the present study, the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with PR3-AAV and MPO-AAV from a single center in China were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 212 Chinese patients with AAV were recruited in the present study; 189/212 (89.15%) patients were classified as having MPO-AAV and 23/212 (10.85%) patients as having PR3-AAV. Compared with those in the PR3-AAV group, patients in the MPO-AAV group were older and less frequently had ear, nose and throat or ophthalmic involvement. MPO-AAV patients had higher levels of serum creatinine and proteinuria at baseline. No significant difference was observed with regard to the pathological changes of the glomeruli and tubulointerstitium between the two groups. The probability of developing end-stage renal disease was significantly higher in patients with MPO-AAV compared with that in patients with PR3-AAV. There was no significant difference in the one-year patient survival rate between the two groups. However, differences in certain clinical characteristics and outcomes were observed between MPO-AAV and PR3-AAV patients. A large national investigation of AAV is required to confirm the concept that PR3-AAV and MPO-AAV are distinct disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Department of medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Biao Chen
- Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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13
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Lin W, Shen C, Zhong Y, Ooi JD, Eggenhuizen P, Zhou YO, Luo H, Huang J, Chen JB, Wu T, Meng T, Xiao Z, Ao X, Peng W, Tang R, Yin H, Xiao X, Zhou Q, Xiao P. Glomerular Immune Deposition in MPO-ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis Is Associated With Poor Renal Survival. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625672. [PMID: 33841408 PMCID: PMC8027492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis caused by antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is typically characterized as pauci-immune glomerulonephritis. However, immune complex (IC) deposition in the glomerulus has been reported in a growing number of studies. Here, we assess the presence of glomerular immune deposits alongside renal outcome in myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA associated glomerulonephritis (MPO-ANCA GN). Methods Clinical and histopathologic characteristics of 97 patients with MPO-ANCA GN classified by renal biopsy from January 2008 to December 2019 were extracted retrospectively from electronic medical records. The extent of immune deposits in the kidney (C3, C4, C1q, IgA, IgG, IgM) at diagnosis were analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF). Patients were followed up for a median period of 15 months. The response to treatment and outcomes of renal and histological lesion changes were also assessed. Results In our study, 41% (40/97) of patients showed positive IF (≥2+) for at least one of the six immunoglobulin or complement components tested. Patients with IC deposits showed higher levels of serum creatinine (p=0.025), lower platelet counts (p=0.009), lower serum complement C3 (sC3) (≤790 ml/L) (p=0.013) and serum IgG (p=0.018) than patients with pauci-immune (PI) deposition at diagnosis. End-stage renal disease was negatively associated with eGFR (HR 0.885, 95% CI 0.837 to 0.935, p<0.0001), platelet count (HR 0.996, 95% CI 0.992 to 1.000, p=0.046) and serum globulin (HR 0.905, 95% CI 0.854 to 0.959, p=0.001). Patients with lower sC3 levels showed a worse renal outcome than the patients with normal sC3 at diagnosis (p=0.003). Analysis of the components of the renal deposits found that patients with IgG deposits exhibited a poorer renal outcome compared to patients that were IgG negative (p=0.028). Moreover, Bowman’s capsule rupture occurred less frequently in patients with IgM deposition compared with IgM negative counterparts (p=0.028). Vascular lesions and granuloma-like lesions had been seen more frequently in cases with IgA deposition than those without IgA deposition (p=0.03 and 0.015, respectively). Conclusion In conclusion, patients with immune complex deposits in the kidney showed less platelet count, lower sC3 and sIgG levels, and higher serum creatinine levels. Patients with low sC3 at initial and with continued low sC3 during the treatment displayed a trend toward poorer kidney survival. Moreover, the IC group showed a worse renal outcome than the PI group, further enforcing the present strategy of introducing complement targeted therapies in AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Eggenhuizen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Biao Chen
- Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weisheng Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongling Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Morishita KA, Wagner-Weiner L, Yen EY, Sivaraman V, James KE, Gerstbacher D, Szymanski AM, O'Neil KM, Cabral DA. Consensus Treatment Plans for Severe Pediatric Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2021; 74:1550-1558. [PMID: 33675161 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is no standardized approach to the treatment of pediatric antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (ped-AAV). Because of the rarity of ped-AAV, randomized trials have not been feasible. The Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) developed consensus treatment plans (CTPs) for severe ped-AAV to enable the future study of comparative effectiveness and safety. METHODS A workgroup of CARRA members (rheumatologists and nephrologists) formed the AAV working group. This group performed a literature review on existing evidence-based treatments and guidelines for the management of AAV. They determined that the target population for CTP development was patients <18 years with new-onset granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis, or renal-limited AAV (eosinophilic-GPA was excluded) with presentation confined to those with severe disease i.e. organ- or life-threatening. Face-to-face consensus conferences employed nominal group techniques to identify treatment strategies for remission-induction and remission-maintenance, data elements to be systematically collected, and outcomes to be measured over time. RESULTS The ped-AAV workgroup developed two CTPs for each of the remission-induction and remission-maintenance of severe AAV. A corticosteroid-weaning regimen for induction and maintenance, a core dataset, and outcome measures were also defined. A random sample of CARRA membership voted acceptance of the CTPs for remission-induction and remission-maintenance with a 94% (75/80) and 98% (78/80) approval rate respectively. CONCLUSION Consensus methodology established standardized CTPs for treating severe ped-AAV. These CTPs were in principle accepted by CARRA-wide membership for pragmatic comparative effectiveness evaluation in a long-term registry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David A Cabral
- British Columbia's Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia
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15
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Meng T, Zhong Y, Chen J, Zhou YO, Zuo X, Luo H, Lin W, Wu T, Yang Y, Xiao Z, Tang R, Ao X, Xiao X, Zhou Q, Xiao P. Clinical features and outcomes of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis in Chinese elderly and very elderly patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 53:1875-1881. [PMID: 33675470 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-02786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is predominantly a disease of the elderly, and the incidence increases with age. However, there are few data focusing on the clinical features in elderly onset AAV, especially in very elderly onset AAV in China. The aim of this study was to explore whether elderly onset AAV shows any specific clinical features and outcomes in Chinese patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective study in Xiangya Hospital, a mixed tertiary medical center in south China. A total of 177 patients presenting with AAV were included between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2017. Patients were divided into younger group (age < 65 years) and older group (age ≥ 65 years) which was sub-divided into elderly group (age 65-74 years) and very elderly group (age ≥ 75 years). And their medical records were analyzed by retrospective review. RESULTS We found patients in the very elderly group had more chest and cardiovascular involvement (P = 0.033 and P = 0.017). Older AAV patients had less renal involvement and lower serum C4 level (P = 0.013 and P = 0.003). Very elderly AAV patients had lower platelet counts. Patients in the younger group had a higher level of BVAS among three groups (P < 0.05 younger group vs. very elderly group; P < 0.05 younger group vs. elderly group). There were no significant difference in the proportion of ESRD patients among the three groups (P = 0.473). Patients in the very elderly group had the poorest patient survival (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Older AAV patients had less renal involvement, lower serum C4 level and BVAS. The very elderly group got the most chest and cardiovascular involvement and had lower platelet counts. Older age is associated with higher mortality in AAV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxia Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqiang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Qin Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Feng M, Zhao X, Gao C, Guo H, Luo J. Double-negative T cells are absolutely elevated in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis. Mol Immunol 2021; 132:250-259. [PMID: 33518366 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CD3+CD4-CD8- [double-negative (DN)] T cells play vital roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. In this study, we investigated the exact level of DN T cells in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Forty patients with active AAV and 19 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. Peripheral mononuclear cells were characterised phenotypically via flow cytometry. The potential clinical value of DN T cells was then assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The percentage (p < 0.001) and absolute number (p = 0.028) of DN T cells were found to be significantly higher in patients with AAV than in HCs. Relative to HCs, a lower percentage of DN T cells from patients with AAV was of the CD62L+CD45RO+ phenotype (p = 0.024), a higher percentage of these cells was of the CD62L-CD45RO- phenotype (p = 0.043). Patients with AAV had increased percentages of DN T cells expressing interferon (IFN)-γ (p = 0.032), interleukin (IL)-4 (p = 0.039) and IL-17 (p = 0.042). Furthermore, the percentages of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in patients with AAV than in HCs (p = 0.014, p = 0.008). Compared with the CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets, DN T cells had the highest fractions of intracellular IL-17 in HCs and patients with AAV (both p < 0.001). In patients with AAV and renal damage, the percentage of DN T cells was expanded relative to that in patients without renal damage (p = 0.016). In addition, conventional methylprednisolone effectively reduced the percentage and overall number of DN T cells in patients with AAV (p = 0.028, p = 0.007). DN T cells represent a T-lymphocyte subset that produces inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17) and is absolutely elevated in patients with AAV. Additional investigations are required to determine their precise role in patients with AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yanyao Wu
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Min Feng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiangcong Zhao
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hui Guo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518005, China.
| | - Jing Luo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
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17
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Mendel A, Ennis D, Go E, Bakowsky V, Baldwin C, Benseler SM, Cabral DA, Carette S, Clements-Baker M, Clifford AH, Cohen Tervaert JW, Cox G, Dehghan N, Dipchand C, Dhindsa N, Famorca L, Fifi-Mah A, Garner S, Girard LP, Lessard C, Liang P, Noone D, Makhzoum JP, Milman N, Pineau CA, Reich HN, Rhéaume M, Robinson DB, Rumsey DG, Towheed TE, Trudeau J, Twilt M, Yacyshyn E, Yeung RSM, Barra LB, Khalidi N, Pagnoux C. CanVasc Consensus Recommendations for the Management of Antineutrophil Cytoplasm Antibody-associated Vasculitis: 2020 Update. J Rheumatol 2020; 48:555-566. [PMID: 32934123 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.200721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2015, the Canadian Vasculitis Research Network (CanVasc) created recommendations for the management of antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) in Canada. The current update aims to revise existing recommendations and create additional recommendations, as needed, based on a review of new available evidence. METHODS A needs assessment survey of CanVasc members informed questions for an updated systematic literature review (publications spanning May 2014 to September 2019) using Medline, Embase, and Cochrane. New and revised recommendations were developed and categorized according to the level of evidence and strength of each recommendation. The CanVasc working group used a 2-step modified Delphi procedure to reach > 80% consensus on the inclusion, wording, and grading of each new and revised recommendation. RESULTS Eleven new and 16 revised recommendations were created and 12 original (2015) recommendations were retained. New and revised recommendations are discussed in detail within this document. Five original recommendations were removed, of which 4 were incorporated into the explanatory text. The supplementary material for practical use was revised to reflect the updated recommendations. CONCLUSION The 2020 updated recommendations provide rheumatologists, nephrologists, and other specialists caring for patients with AAV in Canada with new management guidance, based on current evidence and consensus from Canadian experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Mendel
- A. Mendel, MD, MSc, C.A. Pineau, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, McGill University, Montréal, Québec;
| | - Daniel Ennis
- D. Ennis, MD, C. Baldwin, MD, N. Dehghan, MD, N. Dhindsa, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Ellen Go
- E. Go, MD, R.S. Yeung, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Volodko Bakowsky
- V. Bakowsky, MD, Division of Rheumatology, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
| | - Corisande Baldwin
- D. Ennis, MD, C. Baldwin, MD, N. Dehghan, MD, N. Dhindsa, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Susanne M Benseler
- S.M. Benseler, MD, PhD, M. Twilt, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - David A Cabral
- D.A. Cabral, MBBS, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Simon Carette
- S. Carette, MD, MPhil, C. Pagnoux, MD, MSc, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Marie Clements-Baker
- M. Clements-Baker, MD, T.E. Towheed, MD, MS, Division of Rheumatology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
| | - Alison H Clifford
- A.H. Clifford, MD, J.W. Cohen Tervaert, MD, PhD, E. Yacyshyn, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert
- A.H. Clifford, MD, J.W. Cohen Tervaert, MD, PhD, E. Yacyshyn, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Gerard Cox
- G. Cox, MB, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Natasha Dehghan
- D. Ennis, MD, C. Baldwin, MD, N. Dehghan, MD, N. Dhindsa, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Christine Dipchand
- C. Dipchand, MD, MSc, Division of Nephrology, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
| | - Navjot Dhindsa
- D. Ennis, MD, C. Baldwin, MD, N. Dehghan, MD, N. Dhindsa, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Leilani Famorca
- L. Famorca, MD, S. Garner, MD, MSc, N. Khalidi, MD, Division of Rheumatology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Aurore Fifi-Mah
- A. Fifi-Mah, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Stephanie Garner
- L. Famorca, MD, S. Garner, MD, MSc, N. Khalidi, MD, Division of Rheumatology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Louis-Philippe Girard
- L.P. Girard, MD, MSc, Division of Nephrology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Clode Lessard
- C. Lessard, MD, Centre de Recherche Musculo-Squelettique, Trois-Rivières, Québec
| | - Patrick Liang
- P. Liang, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec
| | - Damien Noone
- D. Noone, MB, BCh, BAO, MSc, Division of Nephrology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Jean-Paul Makhzoum
- J.P. Makhzoum, MD, M. Rhéaume, MD, Division of Internal Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec
| | - Nataliya Milman
- N. Milman, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Christian A Pineau
- A. Mendel, MD, MSc, C.A. Pineau, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Heather N Reich
- H.N. Reich, MD, PhD, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Maxime Rhéaume
- J.P. Makhzoum, MD, M. Rhéaume, MD, Division of Internal Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec
| | - David B Robinson
- D.B. Robinson, MD, MSc, Section of Rheumatology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Dax G Rumsey
- D.G. Rumsey, MD, MSc, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Tanveer E Towheed
- M. Clements-Baker, MD, T.E. Towheed, MD, MS, Division of Rheumatology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
| | - Judith Trudeau
- J. Trudeau, MD, Division of Rheumatology, CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec
| | - Marinka Twilt
- S.M. Benseler, MD, PhD, M. Twilt, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Elaine Yacyshyn
- A.H. Clifford, MD, J.W. Cohen Tervaert, MD, PhD, E. Yacyshyn, MD, Division of Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Rae S M Yeung
- E. Go, MD, R.S. Yeung, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Lillian B Barra
- L.B. Barra, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nader Khalidi
- L. Famorca, MD, S. Garner, MD, MSc, N. Khalidi, MD, Division of Rheumatology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Christian Pagnoux
- S. Carette, MD, MPhil, C. Pagnoux, MD, MSc, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
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18
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Chen Z, Lin L, Yang W, Chen N, Lin Y. Clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV). Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106819. [PMID: 32717565 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The complement alternative pathway is involved in the development of AVV. Several studies showed that AVV patients with low serum complement C3 (sC3) levels tend to have a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether low sC3 measured at AAV onset is a risk factor for survival prognosis in patients with AVV, and further identified other potential risk factors for predicting patient survival prognosis. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 52 newly onset AAV patients was performed. The clinical parameters of the AAV patients were collected. The laboratory parameters before immunosuppressive treatment were evaluated. According to the level of sC3, the patients were divided into low sC3 group (n = 19) and normal sC3 group (n = 33). Disease outcome measures included end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death. The clinical parameters and survival rate between the two groups were compared. Spearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between sC3 and other laboratory parameters. RESULTS Significant differences were found regarding Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS), sC3, sC4, lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, procalcitonin (PCT), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between the two groups (p = 0.006, 0.000, 0.001, 0.049, 0.019, 0.000 and 0.045, respectively). The survival rate of the low sC3 group was significantly lower than that of the normal sC3 group (Log Rank Chi-square = 4.416, P = 0.036). Low sC3 was significantly associated with lower sC4 (r = 0.570, P = 0.000), lower serum albumin (r = 0.311, P = 0.025), lower eGFR (r = 0.289, P = 0.037), higher PCT (r = -0.566, P = 0.000), and higher lactate dehydrogenase (r = -0.323, P = 0.019). CONCLUSION This retrospective study demonstrates that AAV patients with low sC3 level at diagnosis tend to have lower baseline eGFR and poorer survival prognosis than those of the normal sC3 level. Furthermore, the high procalcitonin (PCT), low serum albumin and high lactate dehydrogenase in AVV patients may be predictors of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhufeng Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Jinshan Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Leng Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Jinshan Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Jinshan Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Jinshan Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Youcheng Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China; Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Jinshan Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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19
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Huang L, Shen C, Zhong Y, Ooi JD, Zhou YO, Chen JB, Wu T, Meng T, Xiao Z, Lin W, Ao X, Tang R, Xiao X, Zhou Q, Xiao P. The association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with all-cause mortality in Chinese patients with MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:401-408. [PMID: 32318926 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been recently reported to be a promising inflammatory marker to assess systemic inflammation in many disorders. However, there are only a few studies looking at NLR in patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). This study was thus undertaken to explore the relationship between NLR at diagnosis with inflammatory response and disease activity among MPO-AAV patients in a single Chinese center. Furthermore, we evaluated whether NLR could predict the renal prognosis and patient outcome. 188 patients with MPO-AAV were included in this study. Baseline NLR was positively correlated with CRP (r = 0.404, P < 0.001) and negatively with serum levels of C3 (r = - 0.163, P = 0.035), but it had no obvious correlation with Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). Patients with MPO-AAV having NLR ≥ 9.53 exhibited higher risk for all-cause mortality than those having NLR < 9.53 (P < 0.0001). However, no significant difference was found in the kidney survival between patients having NLR ≥ 9.53 and those NLR < 9.53 at diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, NLR was positively associated with all-cause mortality (P = 0.037, HR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.04-3.78). There was no association between NLR with ESRD observed using univariate analysis or multivariate analysis. This large retrospective study of MPO-AAV patients in a single Chinese center demonstrates that NLR positively correlates with CRP and negatively correlates with serum levels of C3 in Chinese patients with MPO-AAV. Importantly, higher NLR predicts increased mortality and is, therefore, a useful independent prognostic in MPO-AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jin-Biao Chen
- Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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20
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Huang L, Shen C, Zhong Y, Ooi JD, Zhou YO, Chen JB, Wu T, Meng T, Xiao Z, Lin W, Ao X, Xiao X, Zhou Q, Xiao P. Risk factors for treatment resistance and relapse of Chinese patients with MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:199-206. [PMID: 32078076 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Identification of risk factors for treatment resistance and relapse would be crucial to personalization therapy in patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV). Current evidence with regard to the risk factors for treatment resistance and relapse remains limited and inconclusive. We aimed to assess the predictors for treatment resistance and relapse in a single-center cohort of Chinese patients with MPO-AAV in this study. In total, 184 patients with MPO-AAV were included. Treatment resistance occurred in 64 (34.9%) of 184 patients and was positively associated with lung involvement (odds ratio [OR] 3.581, 95% CI 1.137-11.278, p = 0.029) and the initial serum creatinine level (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.001-1.007, p = 0.010) and was negatively associated with platelet (OR 0.992, 95% CI 0.987-0.998, p = 0.007) and serum C3 levels (OR 0.998, 95% CI 0.996-0.999, p = 0.004). Relapse occurred in 29 (24.17%) of 120 patients in whom remission was achieved and was independently associated with lung involvement (hazard ratio [HR] 4.595, 95% CI 1.272-16.599, p = 0.020) and cardiovascular involvement (HR 3.689, 95% CI 1.237-11, p = 0.019,). The serum globulin was demonstrated to be negatively associated with relapse independently (HR 0.876; 95% CI 0.806-0.953; p = 0.002). This retrospective study of MPO-AAV patients in a single Chinese center suggests that treatment resistance was positively associated with lung involvement and the initial serum creatinine level and was negatively associated with platelet and serum C3 levels. Lung involvement and cardiovascular involvement were associated with an increased risk of relapse, while the higher serum globulin was demonstrated to be in association with a decreased risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Ya-Ou Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jin-Biao Chen
- Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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