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Bret C, Desmots-Loyer F, Moreaux J, Fest T. BHLHE41, a transcriptional repressor involved in physiological processes and tumor development. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00973-3. [PMID: 39254779 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00973-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BHLHE41 is a nuclear transcriptional repressor that belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix protein superfamily. BHLHE41 expression tends to be restricted to specific tissues and is regulated by environmental cues and biological events. BHLHE41 homodimerizes or heterodimerizes with various partners, influencing its transcription factor function. BHLHE41 is involved in the regulation of many physiological processes implicated in tissue/organ homeostasis, such as myogenesis, adipogenesis, circadian rhythms and DNA repair. At cellular level, BHLHE41 is involved in the regulation of mesenchymal stem cell properties, tissue-specific macrophage functions and lymphoid lineage physiology. In several cancer types, BHLHE41 modulates the expression of different transcriptional programs influencing cell cycle control, apoptosis, invasiveness, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and hypoxia response in the tumor environment. Depending on the cancer cell type, BHLHE41 can act as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene, and could be a target for innovative therapies. This review summarizes the available knowledge on BHLHE41 structure, biological functions, regulation and potential partners, as well as its role in physiological processes, and its implication in major cancer steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bret
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, 34295, France.
- Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier and Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34090, France.
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, 34396, France.
| | - Fabienne Desmots-Loyer
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France.
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, 34295, France.
- Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier and Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34090, France.
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, 34396, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
| | - Thierry Fest
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France.
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He G, Chen J, Hao W, Hu W. Causal effect of gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy: a Mendelian randomization study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:89. [PMID: 38658966 PMCID: PMC11044463 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of dysbiosis of gut microbiota (GM) with diabetic nephropathy (DN) drew our attention and a better understanding of GM on DN might provide potential therapeutic approaches. However, the exact causal effect of GM on DN remains unknown. METHODS We applied two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger methods, etc., to screen the significant bacterial taxa based on the GWAS data. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of MR results. To identify the most critical factor on DN, Mendelian randomization-Bayesian model averaging (MR-BMA) method was utilized. Then, whether the reverse causality existed was verified by reverse MR analysis. Finally, transcriptome MR analysis was performed to investigate the possible mechanism of GM on DN. RESULTS At locus-wide significance levels, the results of IVW suggested that order Bacteroidales (odds ratio (OR) = 1.412, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.025-1.945, P = 0.035), genus Akkermansia (OR = 1.449, 95% CI: 1.120-1.875, P = 0.005), genus Coprococcus 1 (OR = 1.328, 95% CI: 1.066-1.793, P = 0.015), genus Marvinbryantia (OR = 1.353, 95% CI: 1.037-1.777, P = 0.030) and genus Parasutterella (OR = 1.276, 95% CI: 1.022-1.593, P = 0.032) were risk factors for DN. Reversely, genus Eubacterium ventriosum (OR = 0.756, 95% CI: 0.594-0.963, P = 0.023), genus Ruminococcus gauvreauii (OR = 0.663, 95% CI: 0.506-0.870, P = 0.003) and genus Erysipelotrichaceae (UCG003) (OR = 0.801, 95% CI: 0.644-0.997, P = 0.047) were negatively associated with the risk of DN. Among these taxa, genus Ruminococcus gauvreauii played a crucial role in DN. No significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy in the MR result was found. Mapped genes (FDR < 0.05) related to GM had causal effects on DN, while FCGR2B and VNN2 might be potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS This work provided new evidence for the causal effect of GM on DN occurrence and potential biomarkers for DN. The significant bacterial taxa in our study provided new insights for the 'gut-kidney' axis, as well as unconventional prevention and treatment strategies for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganyuan He
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenke Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wenxue Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li Y, Ma Y, Liu Y, Tang N, Zhang W, Huo J, Zhang D. Role of differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene 2 in immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335473. [PMID: 38533496 PMCID: PMC10963606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene 2 (DEC2) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) subfamily of transcription factors. DEC2 is implicated in tumor immunotherapy, immune system function regulation, and autoimmune diseases. DEC2 enhances Th2 cell differentiation by regulating the IL-2 and IL-4 signaling pathways and mediates the growth of B-1a cells, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of inflammatory responses. In this study, we review the reported roles of DEC2, including the regulation of immune cell differentiation and cytokine production in various cells in humans, and discuss its potential in treating autoimmune diseases and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yinan Ma
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenzhu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingru Huo
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Chai F, Peng H, Qin L, Liu C, Zeng Y, Wang R, Xu G, Wang R, Wei G, Huang H, Lan Y, Chen W, Wang C. MicroRNA miR-181d-5p regulates the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) to improve lupus nephritis. Gene 2024; 893:147961. [PMID: 37931853 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common immune disease. The microRNA (miR)-181d-5p is a potential target for treating kidney injury. However, the therapeutic role of miR-181d-5p in LN has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-181d-5p in targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) and stimulating the MAPK signaling pathway in LN. METHODS RT-qPCR was performed to identify the variations in miR-181d-5p expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 42 LN patients, 30 healthy individuals, 6 MRL/lpr mice and 6 C57BL/6 mice. Western blot was used to detect the effect of miR-181d-5p on the MAPK signaling pathway in THP-1 cells and MRL/lpr mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to detect the effect of miR-181d-5p on antinuclear antibodies and inflammatory factors. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify whether miR-181d-5p directly targets MAPK8. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate apoptosis rates in transfected THP-1 cells. RESULTS miR-181d-5p expression was downregulated in PBMCs of LN patients (P < 0.01) and MRL/lpr mice (P < 0.05). A dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-181d-5p inhibits MAPK8 (P < 0.01). Overexpression of miR-181d-5p inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 (P < 0.001) and p44/42 (P < 0.01). Moreover, miR-181d-5p decreased the apoptosis rate of THP-1 cells (P < 0.001), and reduced the secretion of IL-6 (P < 0.01) and TNF-α (P < 0.01). Furthermore, overexpression of miR-181d-5p decreased anti-dsDNA antibody (P < 0.05), anti-Sm antibody (P < 0.01), and fibrosis levels in MRL/lpr mice. CONCLUSION Upregulation of miR-181d-5p showed anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on THP-1 cells in vitro and kidney injury in vivo. These effects were achieved by miR-181d-5p targeting MAPK8 to inhibit phosphorylation of p38 and p44/42. These results may offer new insights for improving therapeutic strategies against lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Chai
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Huixin Peng
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Linxiu Qin
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Yonglong Zeng
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Guidan Xu
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongqi Wang
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Guijiang Wei
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Huayi Huang
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Surgical Oncology, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Wencheng Chen
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Center for Medical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China.
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Qi H, Xu L, Liu Q. Knockdown of DEC2 expression inhibits the proliferation of mesangial cells through suppressed glycolysis and p38 MAPK/Erk pathway in lupus nephritis. Mol Med 2023; 29:99. [PMID: 37488524 PMCID: PMC10364423 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To elucidate the mechanism by which DEC2 modulates the proliferation of mesangial cells (MCs) in lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS The 32-week-old female Fcgr2b-/- mice and their serum-treated MCs were used as in vivo and in vitro LN model. MCs knocked down of DEC2 and overexpressed with DEC2 were also established. The expression of DEC2 was measured in the kidneys of Fcgr2b-/- mice and LN serum-treated MCs using RT-qPCR and Western blot. MCs proliferation was detected by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling assay and PCNA expression using immunofluorescence. The glucose metabolism was evaluated in LN serum-treated MCs, and the levels of lactate production, glucose consumption, ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential were assayed. The glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration function of the MCs were measured using the Extracellular Flux Analyzer. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) were dynamically monitored and multiple important bioenergetic parameters can be calculated. The expression of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) were detected in the MCs. Multiple signaling proteins were screened. RESULTS DEC2 was found overexpressed in the kidney of Fcgr2b-/- LN mice. Knockdown of DEC2 inhibited LN serum-induced MCs proliferation. DEC2 was associated with the glucose metabolism in LN serum-treated MCs. DEC2 regulated glycolysis in LN serum-treated MCs. DEC2 was associated with mitochondrial fitness in LN serum treated MCs. DEC2 activated MCs glycolysis through TLR4 and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) regulation. DEC2 regulated MCs proliferation through two signaling pathways including dependent and independent of glycolysis, which located in the downstream of TLR4 signaling. CONCLUSION Knockdown of DEC2 expression inhibits the proliferation of MCs through suppressed glycolysis and p38 MAPK/ERK pathway in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimeng Qi
- Department of General Practice, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236000, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Furukawa T, Mimami K, Nagata T, Yamamoto M, Sato M, Tanimoto A. Approach to Functions of BHLHE41/DEC2 in Non-Small Lung Cancer Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11731. [PMID: 37511489 PMCID: PMC10380948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm-related genes BHLHE40/DEC1 and BHLHE41/DEC2 have various functions under different cell and tissue conditions. BHLHE41/DEC2 has been reported to be both a cancer-suppressive and an oncogenic gene during cancer development. The effects of BHLHE41/DEC2 on differentiation have been examined using Bhlhe41/Dec2 knockout mice and/or in vitro differentiation models, and research has been conducted using genetic analysis of tumor cells, in vitro analysis of cancer cell lines, and immunohistochemical studies of the clinical samples. We summarize some of these studies, detail several problems, and consider possible reasons for contradictory results and the needs for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Furukawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mimami
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Miyazaki Hospital, 5200 Kihara Kiyotake cho, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nagata
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masatasu Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masami Sato
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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Yue C, Wang W, Gao S, Ye J, Zhang T, Xing Z, Xie Y, Qian H, Zhou X, Li S, Yu A, Wang L, Wang J, Hua C. Agomir miRNA-150-5p alleviates pristane-induced lupus by suppressing myeloid dendritic cells activation and inflammation via TREM-1 axis. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01754-8. [PMID: 37326693 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has been shown to participate in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, the detailed underlying mechanisms and therapeutic benefits by targeting TREM-1 remain elusive, especially in myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Disorders of epigenetic processes including non-coding RNAs give rise to SLE, resulting in complicated syndromes. Here, we aim to address this issue and explore the miRNA to inhibit the activation of mDCs and alleviate the progress of SLE by targeting TREM-1 signal axis. METHODS Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between patients with SLE and healthy individuals by four mRNA microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then we identified the expression of TREM-1 and its soluble form (sTREM-1) in clinical samples by ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. Phenotypic and functional changes of mDCs elicited by TREM-1 agonist were determined. Three databases of miRNAs target prediction and a dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to screen and verify miRNAs that can directly inhibit TREM-1 expression in vitro. Moreover, pristane-induced lupus mice were injected with miR-150-5p agomir to evaluate the effects of miR-150-5p on mDCs in lymphatic organs and disease activity in vivo. RESULTS We screened TREM-1 as one of the hub genes closely correlated with the progression of SLE and identified sTREM-1 in serum as a valuable diagnostic biomarker for SLE. Moreover, activation of TREM-1 by its agonist promoted activation and chemotaxis of mDCs and increased the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, showing higher expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. We showed that lupus mice displayed a unique miRNA signature in spleen, among which miR-150 was the most significantly expressed miRNA that targeting TREM-1 compared with wild type group. Transfection of miRNA-150-5p mimics directly suppressed the expression of TREM-1 by binding to its 3' UTR. Our in vivo experiments first indicated that administration of miR-150-5p agomir effectively ameliorated lupus symptoms. Intriguingly, miR-150 inhibited the over activation of mDCs through TREM-1 signal pathway in lymphatic organs and renal tissues. CONCLUSIONS TREM-1 represents a potentially novel therapeutic target and we identify miR-150-5p as one of the mechanisms to alleviate lupus disease, which is attributable for inhibiting mDCs activation through TREM-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenran Yue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhouhang Xing
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hengrong Qian
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xueyin Zhou
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuting Li
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Anni Yu
- School of the 2Nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liangxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jianguang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chunyan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Nezhad Nezhad MT, Rajabi M, Nekooeizadeh P, Sanjari S, Pourvirdi B, Heidari MM, Veradi Esfahani P, Abdoli A, Bagheri S, Tobeiha M. Systemic lupus erythematosus: From non-coding RNAs to exosomal non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154508. [PMID: 37224659 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as an immunological illness, frequently impacts young females. Both vulnerabilities to SLE and the course of the illness's clinical symptoms have been demonstrated to be affected by individual differences in non-coding RNA expression. Many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are out of whack in patients with SLE. Because of the dysregulation of several ncRNAs in peripheral blood of patients suffering from SLE, these ncRNAs to be showed valuable as biomarkers for medication response, diagnosis, and activity. NcRNAs have also been demonstrated to influence immune cell activity and apoptosis. Altogether, these facts highlight the need of investigating the roles of both families of ncRNAs in the progress of SLE. Being aware of the significance of these transcripts perhaps elucidates the molecular pathogenesis of SLE and could open up promising avenues to create tailored treatments during this condition. In this review we summarized various non-coding RNAs and Exosomal non-coding RNAs in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammadreza Rajabi
- Student Research Committee، Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pegah Nekooeizadeh
- Student Research Committee، Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Sanjari
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Bita Pourvirdi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Heidari
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Pegah Veradi Esfahani
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Abdoli
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Bagheri
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Sun Q, Liu X, Wang M, Fan J, Zeng H. Long noncoding RNA FGD5-AS1 alleviates childhood IgA nephropathy by targeting PTEN-mediated JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway via miR-196b-5p. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113481. [PMID: 36641136 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper studied lncRNA FGD5 antisense RNA 1 (FGD5-AS1)-associated mechanisms in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). FGD5-AS1, miR-196b-5p, and PTEN in the serum of children with IgAN were assessed. MES-13 cells were stimulated by p-IgA1 to construct an in vitro model of IgAN. After plasmid intervention, cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and inflammatory response were correspondingly evaluated. An IgAN mouse model was established to define FGD5-AS1/miR-196b-5p/PTEN axis-mediated alternations of 24-h proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, glomerular IgA deposition, renal fibrosis, and glycogen content in renal tissue. The changes in JNK/c-Jun pathway activation in the cell model were also tested. Our results discovered that FGD5-AS1 and PTEN were down-regulated and miR-196b-5p was up-regulated in children with IgAN. Overexpression of FGD5-AS1 or silencing of miR-196b-5p impeded the proliferation and inflammatory response and induced apoptosis of p-IgA1-stimulated MES-13 cells, and improved pathological conditions in IgAN mice. Inhibition of PTEN rescued the therapeutic effects of overexpression of FGD5-AS1 or inhibition of miR-196b-5p on IgAN. FGD5-AS1/miR-196b-5p/PTEN axis inhibited the activation of the JNK/c-Jun pathway. Taken together, FGD5-AS1 attenuates IgAN by targeting PTEN-mediated JNK/c-Jun signaling via miR-196b-5p. Therefore, FGD5-AS1 may be a new therapeutic target for IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- Blood Purification Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Chronic Kidney Diseases and Blood Purification, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 100045, China.
| | - Xue Liu
- Blood Purification Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Chronic Kidney Diseases and Blood Purification, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 100045, China
| | - Mingxu Wang
- Blood Purification Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Chronic Kidney Diseases and Blood Purification, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 100045, China
| | - Jianfeng Fan
- Blood Purification Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Chronic Kidney Diseases and Blood Purification, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 100045, China
| | - Haisheng Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Dong Guan Children's Hospital, DongGuan City, Guangdong Province, 523325, China
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10
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Santos-Moreno P, Arias-Aponte J, Rodríguez-Vargas GS, Nieto-Zambrano PD, Villarreal L, Ibatá L, Martinez S, Rubio-Rubio JA, Rodríguez P, Rojas-Villarraga A. Polyautoimmunity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: New insights from a cross-sectional study. J Transl Autoimmun 2023; 6:100187. [PMID: 36654852 PMCID: PMC9841268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the frequency of polyautoimmunity (PolyA) in a cohort of Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to identify associated factors. Methods This is an analytical cross-sectional study in a specialized center., a comprehensive review of the medical records of SLE patients was performed from 2015 to 2020 in order to obtain demographic, clinical data, laboratory, and treatment information. Associations between PolyA, demographic, and characteristics of the disease were explored. Results A total of 463 patients were included in the analysis. The average age was 47.3 ± 15 years. Most of this population were female (87.4%), whom were diagnosed with SLE in a long-term SLE (10.6 ± 10.1 years). Out of the total patients, 34.7% were diagnosed with PolyA. Among the most frequent clinical criteria for SLICC, arthritis (65%), kidney impairment (39.5%), and alopecia (34.8%) were found. The most frequent SLE-associated PolyA were antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS) (16.63% and 10.58%, respectively). PolyA-associated factors were age, xerophthalmia, central nervous system occlusion, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In contrast, renal impairment was significantly less frequent in PolyA patients after multivariate analysis. Conclusion The results have showed associated factors with PolyA like age, xerophthalmia, central nervous system occlusion, and deep vein thrombosis in this cohort. On the other hand, lupus nephritis was less frequent in patients with PolyA. This study provides a spotlight of a specific SLE population as real-life evidence for a better characterization of PolyA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Santos-Moreno
- Scientific Direction, Biomab Center for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Bogotá, D.C., 110221, Colombia,Corresponding author.
| | - Julián Arias-Aponte
- Research Vice-rectory, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de La Salud-FUCS, Bogotá D.C, 111411, Colombia
| | | | | | - Laura Villarreal
- Medical Direction, Biomab Center for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Bogotá, D.C., 110221, Colombia
| | - Linda Ibatá
- Epidemiology, Biomab IPS, Bogotá, D.C, 110221, Colombia
| | | | - Jaime-Andrés Rubio-Rubio
- Research Institute, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de La Salud FUCS, Bogotá, D.C, 111411, Colombia
| | - Pedro Rodríguez
- Scientific Direction, Biomab Center for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Bogotá, D.C., 110221, Colombia
| | - Adriana Rojas-Villarraga
- Research Institute, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de La Salud FUCS, Bogotá, D.C, 111411, Colombia
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11
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Wen D, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Wang J. The Molecular Mechanisms and Function of miR-15a/16 Dysregulation in Fibrotic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416041. [PMID: 36555676 PMCID: PMC9784154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that can negatively regulate the post-transcriptional expression of target genes. Among them, miR-15a/16 is involved in the regulation of the occurrence and development of fibrosis in the liver, lungs, heart, kidneys, and other organs, as well as systemic fibrotic diseases, affecting important cellular functions, such as cell transformation, the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix, and the release of fibrotic mediators. Therefore, this article reviews the biological characteristics of miR-15a/16 and the molecular mechanisms and functions of their dysregulation in fibrotic diseases.
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12
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Liu M, Zhang L, Wang Y, Hu W, Wang C, Wen Z. Mesangial cell: A hub in lupus nephritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1063497. [PMID: 36591251 PMCID: PMC9795068 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1063497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe renal disease caused by the massive deposition of the immune complexes (ICs) in renal tissue, acting as one of the significant organ manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a substantial cause of death in clinical patients. As mesangium is one of the primary sites for IC deposition, mesangial cells (MCs) constantly undergo severe damage, resulting in excessive proliferation and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) production. In addition to playing a role in organizational structure, MCs are closely related to in situ immunomodulation by phagocytosis, antigen-presenting function, and inflammatory effects, aberrantly participating in the tissue-resident immune responses and leading to immune-mediated renal lesions. Notably, such renal-resident immune responses drive a second wave of MC damage, accelerating the development of LN. This review summarized the damage mechanisms and the in situ immune regulation of MCs in LN, facilitating the current drug research for exploring clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weijie Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhenke Wen, ; Chunhong Wang,
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhenke Wen, ; Chunhong Wang,
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13
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Luvizotto MJ, Menezes-Silva L, Woronik V, Monteiro RC, Câmara NOS. Gut-kidney axis in IgA nephropathy: Role on mesangial cell metabolism and inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:993716. [PMID: 36467425 PMCID: PMC9715425 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.993716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) is the commonest primary glomerular disease around the world and represents a significant cause of end-stage renal disease. IgAN is characterized by mesangial deposition of IgA-immune complexes and mesangial expansion. The pathophysiological process includes an abnormally glycosylated IgA1, which is an antigenic target. Autoantibodies specifically recognize galactose-deficient IgA1 forming immune complexes that are amplified in size by the soluble IgA Fc receptor CD89 leading to deposition in the mesangium through interaction with non-classical IgA receptors. The local production of cytokines promotes local inflammation and complement system activation, besides the stimulation of mesangial proliferation. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is quite variable from asymptomatic microscopic hematuria to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Despite all the advances, the pathophysiology of the disease is still not fully elucidated. The mucosal immune system is quoted to be a factor in triggering IgAN and a "gut-kidney axis" is proposed in its development. Furthermore, many recent studies have demonstrated that food intake interferes directly with disease prognosis. In this review, we will discuss how mucosal immunity, microbiota, and nutritional status could be interfering directly with the activation of intrinsic pathways of the mesangial cells, directly resulting in changes in their function, inflammation and development of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Justi Luvizotto
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luísa Menezes-Silva
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viktoria Woronik
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato C. Monteiro
- Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation, INSERM and CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Miao T, Li M, Shao T, Jiang X, Jiang L, Zhou Q, Pan Y, Wang Y, Qiu J. The involvement of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in aromatic trihalogenated DBP exposure-induced kidney damage in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135351. [PMID: 35718037 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are inevitably generated in the process of disinfection. Among them, aromatic halogenated DBPs, such as 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) and 2,4,6-triiodophenol (TIP), have attracted considerable interest for their high toxicity. A systematic nephrotoxicity evaluation of 2,4,6-trihalophenols is still lacking. In this study, mice were exposed to TCP, TBP and TIP ranging from environmental-related low concentration to high concentration that commonly used in animal study (0.5-200 μg/L). Kidney histopathology, urine protein detection and urine metabolomics were performed. Remarkable changes including kidney damage, proteinuria and glomerular mesangial cell proliferation were observed after three 2,4,6-trihalophenol exposure, even at low concentration of 0.5 μg/L. The nephrotoxicity rank order was TIP > TBP > TCP. Additionally, in vivo exposure to 2,4,6-trihalophenols also led to apparent changes in urinary metabolic profiles. Biosynthesis pathways of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs, containing valine, leucine and isoleucine) were disturbed even at the early stage of exposure (4 weeks). Intriguingly, it has been reported that BCAAs could promote the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells. Thus, in vitro cell experiments were further performed on mouse glomerular mesangial cell line MES-13. Consistently with in vivo results, cell proliferation was observed in MES-13 cells after exposure to 2,4,6-trihalophenols, especially to TBP and TIP. Meanwhile, TCP at high concentration, TBP and TIP at not only high concentration but also low concentration, induced BCAAs accumulation in glomerular mesangial cells, which was completely commensurate to that observed in cell proliferation assay. Then the proliferation of MES-13 cells induced by 2,4,6-trihalophenols was remarkably inhibited after BCAAs interference. Here we provide direct link between disturbed BCAAs and the nephrotoxicity of 2,4,6-trihalophenols. 2,4,6-trihalophenols could induce excess BCAAs, which further led to proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells and renal injury. This study revealed the nephrotoxicity of aromatic trihalogenated DBPs and provided new insights into the potential toxic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Miao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Tianye Shao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liujing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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15
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Mei X, Jin H, Zhao M, Lu Q. Association of Immune-Related Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations with Lupus Nephritis. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 8:286-296. [PMID: 36157263 PMCID: PMC9386430 DOI: 10.1159/000524937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The familial clustering phenomenon together with environmental influences indicates the presence of a genetic and epigenetic predisposition to systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Interestingly, regarding lupus nephritis (LN), the worst complication of SLE, mortality, and morbidity were not consistent with SLE in relation to sexuality and ethnicity. SUMMARY Genetic and epigenetic alterations in LN include genes and noncoding RNAs that are involved in antigen-presenting, complements, immune cell infiltration, interferon pathways, and so on. Once genetic or epigenetic change occurs alone or simultaneously, they will promote the formation of immune complexes with autoantibodies that target various autoantigens, which results in inflammatory cytokines and autoreactive immune cells colonizing renal tissues and contributing to LN. KEY MESSAGES Making additional checks for immunopathology-related heredity and epigenetic factors may lead to a more holistic perspective of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Mei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immunological Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immunological Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies of Diagnosis and Treatment for Immune-related Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changsha, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mesangial cells are critical for the proper function of the glomerulus, playing roles in structural support and injury repair. However, they are also early responders to glomerular immune complex deposition and contribute to inflammation and fibrosis in lupus nephritis. This review highlights recent studies identifying signaling pathways and mediators in mesangial cell response to lupus-relevant stimuli. RECENT FINDINGS Anti-dsDNA antibodies, serum, or plasma from individuals with lupus nephritis, or specific pathologic factors activated multiple signaling pathways. These pathways largely included JAK/STAT/SOCS, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK and led to induction of proliferation and expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and profibrotic factors. NFκB activation was a common mediator of response. Mesangial cells proliferate and express a wide array of proinflammatory/profibrotic factors in response to a variety of lupus-relevant pathologic stimuli. While some of the responses are similar, the mechanisms involved appear to be diverse depending on the stimulus. Future studies are needed to fully elucidate these mechanisms with respect to the diverse milieu of stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara K Nowling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St. CSB 822 MSC 637, Charleston, SC, 29425-6370, USA.
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So BYF, Yap DYH, Chan TM. MicroRNAs in Lupus Nephritis-Role in Disease Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10737. [PMID: 34639078 PMCID: PMC8509214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding small RNAs that act as epigenetic modulators to regulate the protein levels of target mRNAs without modifying the genetic sequences. The role of miRs in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN) is increasingly recognized and highly complex. Altered levels of different miRs are observed in the blood, urine and kidney tissues of murine LN models and LN patients. Accumulating evidence suggests that these miRs can modulate immune cells and various key inflammatory pathways, and their perturbations contribute to the aberrant immune response in LN. The dysregulation of miRs in different resident renal cells and urinary exosomes can also lead to abnormal renal cell proliferation, inflammation and kidney fibrosis in LN. While miRs may hold promise in various clinical applications in LN patients, there are still many potential limitations and safety concerns for their use. Further studies are worthwhile to examine the clinical utility of miRs in the diagnosis, disease activity monitoring, prognostication and treatment of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Desmond Y. H. Yap
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (B.Y.F.S.); (T.M.C.)
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