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Degl'Innocenti E, Poloni TE, Medici V, Olimpico F, Finamore F, Profka X, Bascarane K, Morrone C, Pastore A, Escartin C, McDonnell LA, Dell'Anno MT. Astrocytic centrin-2 expression in entorhinal cortex correlates with Alzheimer's disease severity. Glia 2024. [PMID: 39145525 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Astrogliosis is a condition shared by acute and chronic neurological diseases and includes morphological, proteomic, and functional rearrangements of astroglia. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), reactive astrocytes frame amyloid deposits and exhibit structural changes associated with the overexpression of specific proteins, mostly belonging to intermediate filaments. At a functional level, amyloid beta triggers dysfunctional calcium signaling in astrocytes, which contributes to the maintenance of chronic neuroinflammation. Therefore, the identification of intracellular players that participate in astrocyte calcium signaling can help unveil the mechanisms underlying astrocyte reactivity and loss of function in AD. We have recently identified the calcium-binding protein centrin-2 (CETN2) as a novel astrocyte marker in the human brain and, in order to determine whether astrocytic CETN2 expression and distribution could be affected by neurodegenerative conditions, we examined its pattern in control and sporadic AD patients. By immunoblot, immunohistochemistry, and targeted-mass spectrometry, we report a positive correlation between entorhinal CETN2 immunoreactivity and neurocognitive impairment, along with the abundance of amyloid depositions and neurofibrillary tangles, thus highlighting a linear relationship between CETN2 expression and AD progression. CETN2-positive astrocytes were dispersed in the entorhinal cortex with a clustered pattern and colocalized with reactive glia markers STAT3, NFATc3, and YKL-40, indicating a human-specific role in AD-induced astrogliosis. Collectively, our data provide the first evidence that CETN2 is part of the astrocytic calcium toolkit undergoing rearrangements in AD and adds CETN2 to the list of proteins that could play a role in disease evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Degl'Innocenti
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tino Emanuele Poloni
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation & ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation & ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | | | | | - Xhulja Profka
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation & ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Karouna Bascarane
- Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Castrese Morrone
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
| | - Aldo Pastore
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
- Laboratorio NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carole Escartin
- Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Liam A McDonnell
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
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van Prooije TH, Kapteijns KCJ, van Asten JJA, IntHout J, Verbeek MM, Scheenen TWJ, van de Warrenburg BP. Multimodal, Longitudinal Profiling of SCA1 Identifies Predictors of Disease Severity and Progression. Ann Neurol 2024. [PMID: 39096063 DOI: 10.1002/ana.27032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. Objective surrogate markers sensitive to detect changes in disease severity are needed to reduce sample sizes in interventional trials and identification of predictors of faster disease progression would facilitate patient selection, enrichment, or stratification in such trials. METHODS We performed a prospective 1-year longitudinal, multimodal study in 34 ataxic SCA1 individuals and 21 healthy controls. We collected clinical, patient-reported outcomes, biochemical and magnetic resonance (MR) biomarkers at baseline and after 1 year. We determined 1-year progression and evaluated the potential predictive value of several baseline markers on 1-year disease progression. RESULTS At baseline, multiple structural and spectroscopic MR markers in pons and cerebellum differentiated SCA1 from healthy controls and correlated with disease severity. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NfL) chain and CSF glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were elevated in SCA1. In longitudinal analysis, total brainstem and pontine volume change, inventory of non-ataxia signs (INAS) count, and SCA functional index (SCAFI) showed larger responsiveness compared to the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Longer disease duration, longer non-expanded CAG repeat length, and higher disease burden were associated with faster SARA increase after 1-year in the SCA1 group. Similarly, lower baseline brainstem, pontine, and cerebellar volumes, as well as lower levels of N-acetylaspartate and glutamate in the cerebellar white matter, were also associated with faster SARA increase. INTERPRETATION Our results guide the selection of the most sensitive measures of disease progression in SCA1 and have identified features associated with accelerated progression that could inform the design of clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teije H van Prooije
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kirsten C J Kapteijns
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jack J A van Asten
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Joanna IntHout
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bart P van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Liang Y, Liu C, Cheng M, Geng L, Li J, Du W, Song M, Chen N, Yeleen TAN, Song L, Wang X, Han Y, Sheng C. The link between gut microbiome and Alzheimer's disease: From the perspective of new revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 38940631 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decades, accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome exerts a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Alzheimer's Association Workgroup is updating the diagnostic criteria for AD, which changed the profiles and categorization of biomarkers from "AT(N)" to "ATNIVS." Previously, most of studies focus on the correlation between the gut microbiome and amyloid beta deposition ("A"), the initial AD pathological feature triggering the "downstream" tauopathy and neurodegeneration. However, limited research investigated the interactions between the gut microbiome and other AD pathogenesis ("TNIVS"). In this review, we summarize current findings of the gut microbial characteristics in the whole spectrum of AD. Then, we describe the association of the gut microbiome with updated biomarker categories of AD pathogenesis. In addition, we outline the gut microbiome-related therapeutic strategies for AD. Finally, we discuss current key issues of the gut microbiome research in the AD field and future research directions. HIGHLIGHTS: The new revised criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) proposed by the Alzheimer's Association Workgroup have updated the profiles and categorization of biomarkers from "AT(N)" to "ATNIVS." The associations of the gut microbiome with updated biomarker categories of AD pathogenesis are described. Current findings of the gut microbial characteristics in the whole spectrum of AD are summarized. Therapeutic strategies for AD based on the gut microbiome are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Manman Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Lijie Geng
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Yanzhou, Jining, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wenying Du
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Minfang Song
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Nian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | | | - Li Song
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaoni Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Can Sheng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Schaller-Paule MA, Maiworm M, Schäfer JH, Friedauer L, Hattingen E, Wenger KJ, Weber F, Jakob J, Steffen F, Bittner S, Yalachkov Y, Foerch C. Matching proposed clinical and MRI criteria of aggressive multiple sclerosis to serum and cerebrospinal fluid markers of neuroaxonal and glial injury. J Neurol 2024; 271:3512-3526. [PMID: 38536455 PMCID: PMC11136815 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Definitions of aggressive MS employ clinical and MR imaging criteria to identify highly active, rapidly progressing disease courses. However, the degree of overlap between clinical and radiological parameters and biochemical markers of CNS injury is not fully understood. Aim of this cross-sectional study was to match clinical and MR imaging hallmarks of aggressive MS to serum/CSF markers of neuroaxonal and astroglial injury (neurofilament light chain (sNfL, cNfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP, cGFAP)). METHODS We recruited 77 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 22 patients with clinically isolated syndrome. NfL and GFAP levels in serum and CSF were assessed using a single-molecule-array HD-1-analyzer. A general linear model with each biomarker as a dependent variable was computed. Clinical and imaging criteria of aggressive MS, as recently proposed by the ECTRIMS Consensus Group, were modeled as independent variables. Other demographic, clinical or laboratory parameters, were modeled as covariates. Analyses were repeated in a homogenous subgroup, consisting only of newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve RRMS patients presenting with an acute relapse. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates and multiplicity of testing, sNfL and cNfL concentrations were strongly associated with the presence of ≥2 gadolinium-enhancing lesions (psNfL = 0.00008; pcNfL = 0.004) as well as the presence of infratentorial lesions on MRI (psNfL = 0.0003; pcNfL < 0.004). No other clinical and imaging criteria of aggressive MS correlated significantly with NfL or GFAP in serum and CSF. In the more homogeneous subgroup, sNfL still was associated with the presence of ≥2 gadolinium-enhancing lesions (psNfL = 0.001), presence of more than 20 T2-lesions (psNfL = 0.049) as well as the presence of infratentorial lesions on MRI (psNfL = 0.034), while cNfL was associated with the presence of ≥2 gadolinium-enhancing lesions (psNfL = 0.011) and presence of more than 20 T2-lesions (psNfL = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS Among proposed risk factors for an aggressive disease course, MRI findings but not clinical characteristics correlated with sNfL and cNfL as a marker of neuroaxonal injury and should be given appropriate weight considering MS prognosis and therapy. No significant correlation was detected for GFAP alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Schaller-Paule
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Practice for Neurology and Psychiatry Eltville, 65343, Eltville, Germany.
| | - Michelle Maiworm
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Hendrik Schäfer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lucie Friedauer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elke Hattingen
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katharina Johanna Wenger
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Jasmin Jakob
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine-Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Falk Steffen
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine-Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Bittner
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine-Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yavor Yalachkov
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Foerch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
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Forró T, Manu DR, Băjenaru OL, Bălașa R. GFAP as Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Cargo in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients-A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5726. [PMID: 38891912 PMCID: PMC11172178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The utility of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has been extensively studied in recent years. Here, we aimed to assess its potential role as a cargo protein of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by astrocytes (ADEVs) in response to brain ischemia. Plasma samples from eighteen AIS patients at 24 h (D1), 7 days (D7), and one month (M1) post-symptoms onset, and nine age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factor-matched healthy controls were obtained to isolate EVs using the Exoquick ULTRA EV kit. Subsets of presumed ADEVs were identified further by the expression of the glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) as a specific marker of astrocytes with the Basic Exo-Flow Capture kit. Western blotting has tested the presence of GFAP in ADEV cargo. Post-stroke ADEV GFAP levels were elevated at D1 and D7 but not M1 compared to controls (p = 0.007, p = 0.019, and p = 0.344, respectively). Significant differences were highlighted in ADEV GFAP content at the three time points studied (n = 12, p = 0.027) and between D1 and M1 (z = 2.65, p = 0.023). A positive correlation was observed between the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at D7 and ADEV GFAP at D1 (r = 0.58, p = 0.010) and D7 (r = 0.57, p = 0.013), respectively. ADEV GFAP may dynamically reflect changes during the first month post-ischemia. Profiling ADEVs from peripheral blood could provide a new way to assess the central nervous system pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Forró
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Doina Ramona Manu
- Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Lucian Băjenaru
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics “Ana Aslan”, 11241 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Bălașa
- 1st Neurology Clinic, County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
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Wang X, Shi Z, Qiu Y, Sun D, Zhou H. Peripheral GFAP and NfL as early biomarkers for dementia: longitudinal insights from the UK Biobank. BMC Med 2024; 22:192. [PMID: 38735950 PMCID: PMC11089788 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are sensitive markers of neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. Previous studies with highly selected participants have shown that peripheral GFAP and NfL levels are elevated in the pre-clinical phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. However, the predictive value of GFAP and NfL for dementia requires more evidence from population-based cohorts. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study to evaluate UK Biobank participants enrolled from 2006 to 2010 using plasma GFAP and NfL measurements measured by Olink Target Platform and prospectively followed up for dementia diagnosis. Primary outcome was the risk of clinical diagnosed dementia. Secondary outcomes were cognition. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between peripheral GFAP and NfL with cognition. Cox proportional hazard models with cross-validations were used to estimate associations between elevated GFAP and NfL with risk of dementia. All models were adjusted for covariates. RESULTS A subsample of 48,542 participants in the UK Biobank with peripheral GFAP and NfL measurements were evaluated. With an average follow-up of 13.18 ± 2.42 years, 1312 new all-cause dementia cases were identified. Peripheral GFAP and NfL increased up to 15 years before dementia diagnosis was made. After strictly adjusting for confounders, increment in NfL was found to be associated with decreased numeric memory and prolonged reaction time. A greater annualized rate of change in GFAP was significantly associated with faster global cognitive decline. Elevation of GFAP (hazard ratio (HR) ranges from 2.25 to 3.15) and NfL (HR ranges from 1.98 to 4.23) increased the risk for several types of dementia. GFAP and NfL significantly improved the predictive values for dementia using previous models (area under the curve (AUC) ranges from 0.80 to 0.89, C-index ranges from 0.86 to 0.91). The AD genetic risk score and number of APOE*E4 alleles strongly correlated with GFAP and NfL levels. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that peripheral GFAP and NfL are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of dementia. In addition, anti-inflammatory therapies in the initial stages of dementia may have potential benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ziyan Shi
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuhan Qiu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dongren Sun
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Chatanaka MK, Avery LM, Pasic MD, Sithravadivel S, Rotstein D, Demos C, Cohen R, Gorham T, Wang M, Stengelin M, Mathew A, Sigal G, Wohlstadter J, Prassas I, Diamandis EP. The relationship between serum astroglial and neuronal markers and AQP4 and MOG autoantibodies. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:28. [PMID: 38580905 PMCID: PMC10998414 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain demyelinating disorders, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) exhibit serum autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (αAQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (αMOG). The variability of the autoantibody presentation warrants further research into subtyping each case. METHODS To elucidate the relationship between astroglial and neuronal protein concentrations in the peripheral circulation with occurrence of these autoantibodies, 86 serum samples were analyzed using immunoassays. The protein concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL) and tau protein was measured in 3 groups of subcategories of suspected NMOSD: αAQP4 positive (n = 20), αMOG positive (n = 32) and αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative (n = 34). Kruskal-Wallis analysis, univariate predictor analysis, and multivariate logistic regression with ROC curves were performed. RESULTS GFAP and NFL concentrations were significantly elevated in the αAQP4 positive group (p = 0.003; p = 0.042, respectively), and tau was elevated in the αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative group (p < 0.001). A logistic regression model to classify serostatus was able to separate αAQP4 seropositivity using GFAP + tau, and αMOG seropositivity using tau. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.77 and 0.72, respectively. Finally, a combined seropositivity versus negative status logistic regression model was generated, with AUC = 0.80. CONCLUSION The 3 markers can univariately and multivariately classify with moderate accuracy the samples with seropositivity and seronegativity for αAQP4 and αMOG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyo K Chatanaka
- Department of Laboratory and Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 60 Murray St. Box 32, Floor 6, Rm L6-201, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa M Avery
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maria D Pasic
- Department of Laboratory and Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 60 Murray St. Box 32, Floor 6, Rm L6-201, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Health Centre, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shanthan Sithravadivel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Health Centre, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anu Mathew
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Ioannis Prassas
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Lunenfeld- Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Zhao E, Yu Q, Wang M, Wang Z, Jiang B, Ma X, Zhou B, Dai Q, Li J, Wang S, Chen F, Yang X. Value of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial fibrillary acidic protein for detecting depression in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. Neurosci Lett 2024; 825:137687. [PMID: 38403261 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Infection with helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is associated with depression, and depression can affect the outcome of H. pylori treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the value of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for predicting depression in H. pylori-positive patients. METHOD A total of 82H. pylori-positive and 82H. pylori-negative patients were recruited for this study. All patients underwent neuropsychological and gastrointestinal assessments and blood sampling. BDNF and GFAP levels were measured in serum. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was used to determine a composite marker. RESULTS H. pylori-positive patients showed significantly increased serum GFAP levels and significantly decreased serum BDNF levels compared to H. pylori-negative patients. Among H. pylori-positive patients, serum levels of gastrin 17 (G-17), pepsinogen (PG) I/PGII, BDNF, and GFAP, as well as Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scores, were significantly correlated with Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) overall scores and factor scores. Interactions between serum BDNF/GFAP and gastrointestinal serum indices or GSRS scores were significantly associated with HAMD-24 scores in H. pylori-positive patients. The LASSO model indicated that the combination of serum BDNF, GFAP, and G-17 and GSRS scores could identify H. pylori-positive patients with depression with an area under the curve of 0.879. CONCLUSION Circulating changes in BDNF and GFAP were associated with the occurrence of depression in H. pylori-positive patients. A composite marker including neural and gastrointestinal function-related indices may be of value for identifying depression among H. pylori-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China.
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meilei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Zhengqiu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Qingyong Dai
- Department of Neurology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214105, China.
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Cheng YW, Lin YJ, Lin YS, Hong WP, Kuan YC, Wu KY, Hsu JL, Wang PN, Pai MC, Chen CS, Fuh JL, Hu CJ, Chiu MJ. Application of blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in clinical practice: Recommendations from Taiwan Dementia Society. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00051-2. [PMID: 38296698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood-based biomarkers (BBM) are potentially powerful tools that assist in the biological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vivo with minimal invasiveness, relatively low cost, and good accessibility. This review summarizes current evidence for using BBMs in AD, focusing on amyloid, tau, and biomarkers for neurodegeneration. Blood-based phosphorylated tau and the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio showed consistent concordance with brain pathology measured by CSF or PET in the research setting. In addition, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are neurodegenerative biomarkers that show the potential to assist in the differential diagnosis of AD. Other pathology-specific biomarkers, such as α-synuclein and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), can potentially detect AD concurrent pathology. Based on current evidence, the working group from the Taiwan Dementia Society (TDS) achieved consensus recommendations on the appropriate use of BBMs for AD in clinical practice. BBMs may assist clinical diagnosis and prognosis in AD subjects with cognitive symptoms; however, the results should be interpreted by dementia specialists and combining biochemical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging information. Further studies are needed to evaluate BBMs' real-world performance and potential impact on clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Shuan Lin
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Pin Hong
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Kuan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology and Dementia Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Lung Hsu
- Department of Neurology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain, & Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain & Consciousness Research Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Pai
- Division of Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Sheng Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology and Dementia Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Li M, Liu H, Xu M, Yu B, Guo M, Wang X, Shi G, Zhou R. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Potential Indicator for Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Patients Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:123-132. [PMID: 38283765 PMCID: PMC10813222 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s448180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The correlation between glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) treatment remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the association between levels of GFAP in the bloodstream and the occurrence of sICH. Methods Between June 2019 and May 2023, 142 consecutive AIS patients undergoing EVT at Stroke Center and 35 controls from the Physical Examination Center were retrospectively included. The levels of GFAP in the bloodstream were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay prior to endovascular treatment (T1) and 24 h after the procedure (T2). The identification of sICH was based on the Heidelberg Bleeding Classification. Results Serum GFAP levels at T1 in AIS patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (0.249 [0.150-0.576] versus 0.065 [0.041-0.110] ng/mL, p = 0.001), and there was a notably elevation in GFAP levels at T2 compared to T1 (3.813 [1.474, 5.876] versus 0.249 [0.150-0.576] ng/mL, p = 0.001). Of the 142 AIS patients, 18 (14.5%) had sICH after EVT. Serum GFAP levels at T2 showed significant associations with sICH in both the unadjusted model (OR 1.513, 95% CI 1.269-1.805, p = 0.001) and multivariable adjusted model (OR 1.518, 95% CI 1.153-2.000, p = 0.003). Furthermore, the addition of GFAP at T2 to conventional model resulted in a significant enhancement of risk reclassification for sICH (integrated discrimination improvement [IDI] 0.183, 95% CI 0.070-0.295, p = 0.001). Conclusion Serum GFAP levels were notably increased in AIS patients 24 h after EVT. Elevated GFAP levels were correlated to an elevated risk of sICH. GFAP could potentially serve as a dependable indicator for sICH in AIS individuals who treated with EVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Li
- Stroke Center, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Stroke Center, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Xu
- Stroke Center, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baiyang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Taixing Clinical College of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minwang Guo
- Stroke Center, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Stroke Center, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guomei Shi
- Stroke Center, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rujuan Zhou
- Stroke Center, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Taixing People’s Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Chatanaka MK, Avery LM, Pasic MD, Sithravadivel S, Rotstein D, Demos C, Cohen R, Gorham T, Wang M, Stengelin M, Mathew A, Wohlstadter J, Prassas I, Diamandis EP. The relationship between serum astroglial and neuronal markers and AQP4 and MOG autoantibodies. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3659922. [PMID: 38077014 PMCID: PMC10705596 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3659922/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Certain demyelinating disorders, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) exhibit serum autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (αAQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (αMOG). The variability of the autoantibody presentation warrants further research into subtyping each case. Methods To elucidate the relationship between astroglial and neuronal protein concentrations in the peripheral circulation with occurrence of these autoantibodies, 86 serum samples were analyzed using immunoassays. The protein concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL) and tau protein was measured in 3 groups of subcategories of suspected NMOSD: αAQP4 positive (n = 20), αMOG positive (n = 32) and αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative (n = 34). Kruskal-Wallis analysis, univariate predictor analysis, and multivariate logistic regression with ROC curves were performed. Results GFAP and NFL concentrations were significantly elevated in the αAQP4 positive group (p = 0.003; p = 0.042, respectively), and tau was elevated in the αMOG/αAQP4 seronegative group (p < 0.001). A logistic regression model to classify serostatus was able to separate αAQP4 seropositivity using GFAP + tau, and αMOG seropositivity using tau. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.77 and 0.72, respectively. Finally, a combined seropositivity versus negative status logistic regression model was generated, with AUC = 0.80. Conclusion The 3 markers can univariately and multivariately classify with moderate accuracy the samples with seropositivity and seronegativity for αAQP4 and αMOG.
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Cooper JG, Stukas S, Ghodsi M, Ahmed N, Diaz-Arrastia R, Holmes DT, Wellington CL. Age specific reference intervals for plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neurotrauma in a Canadian population. Clin Biochem 2023; 121-122:110680. [PMID: 37884086 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we aimed to create reference intervals (RI) using a large Canadian population-based cohort, for plasma protein biomarkers with potential utility to screen, diagnosis, prognosticate and manage a variety of neurological diseases and disorders. RIs were generated for: the ratio of amyloid beta 42 over 40 (Aβ42/40), phosphorylated tau-181 (p-tau-181), neurofilament light (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). METHODS 900 plasma specimens from male and female participants aged 3-79 years old were obtained from the Statistics Canada Biobank, which holds specimens from the Canadian Health Measures Survey. Analysis of Aβ42/40, p-tau-181, NfL and GFAP was performed on the Quanterix Simoa HD-X analyzer using the Neurology 4-plex E and p-tau-181 assays. Discrete RIs were produced according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (EP28-A3c). Continuous RIs were created using quantile regression. RESULTS For discrete RIs, significant age partitions were determined for each biomarker. No significant sex partitions were found. The following ranges and age partitions were determined: Aβ42/40: 3-<55y = 0.053-0.098, 55-<80y = 0.040-0.090; p-tau-181: 3-<12y = 1.4-5.6 pg/ml, 12-<60y = 0.8-3.1 pg/ml, 60-<80y = 0.9-4.0 pg/ml; NfL: 3-<40y = 2.6-11.3 pg/ml, 40-<60y = 4.6-17.7 pg/ml, 60-<80y = 8.1-47.1 pg/ml; GFAP; 3-<10y = 47.0-226 pg/ml, 10-<60y = 21.2-91.9 pg/ml, 60-<80y = 40.7-228 pg/ml. Continuous RIs produced smooth centile curves across the age range, from which point estimates for each year of age were calculated. CONCLUSIONS Discrete and continuous RIs for neurological plasma biomarkers will help refine normative cut-offs across the lifespan and improve the precision of interpretating biomarker levels. Continuous RIs are recommended for use in age groups, such as pediatrics and older adults, that experience rapid concentration changes by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer G Cooper
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sophie Stukas
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ghodsi
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Nyra Ahmed
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Clinical TBI Research Center, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel T Holmes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence Health, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Cheryl L Wellington
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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13
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Zou Y, Li L, Guan L, Ma C, Yu S, Ma X, Mao C, Gao J, Qiu L. Research trends and hotspots of glial fibrillary acidic protein within the area of Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1196272. [PMID: 37829140 PMCID: PMC10565806 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1196272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our aim was to analyze the trends and hotspots on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) within the area of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by using a bibliometric method, which is currently missing. Methods All articles and reviews on GFAP within the area of AD from inception to December 31, 2022, were searched from the Web of Science Core Collection. Full records were derived, imported into Microsoft Excel, and analyzed by BIBLIOMETRC, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. Results In total, 2,269 publications, including 2,166 articles, were ultimately included. The number of publications from 81 countries/regions and 527 academic journals increased annually. The top three prolific countries and institutions were the USA, China, and England, the University of Gothenburg (Sweden), Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul (Brasilia), and UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (England). Henrik Zetterberg from the University of Gothenburg, Kaj Blennow from the University of Gothenburg, and Alexei Verkhratsky from the University of Manchester were the top three prolific and cited authors; Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Research, and Neuroscience contributed the most publications. The top key areas of research included "molecular, biology, and genetics" and "molecular, biology, and immunology," and the top published and linked meaningful keywords included oxidative stress, inflammation/neuroinflammation, microglia, hippocampus, amyloid, cognitive impairment, tau, and dysfunction. Conclusion Based on the bibliometric analysis, the number of publications on GFAP within the area of AD has been rapidly increasing, especially in the past several years. Oxidative stress and inflammation are research hotspots, and GFAP in body fluids, especially blood, could be used for large-scale screening for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Guan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Chaochao Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Medical Science Research Center (MRC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenhui Mao
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu T, Zuo H, Ma D, Song D, Zhao Y, Cheng O. Cerebrospinal fluid GFAP is a predictive biomarker for conversion to dementia and Alzheimer's disease-associated biomarkers alterations among de novo Parkinson's disease patients: a prospective cohort study. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:167. [PMID: 37475029 PMCID: PMC10357612 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a prevalent non-motor manifestation among individuals with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an inflammatory marker derived from astrocytes. Research has demonstrated the potential of plasma GFAP to forecast the progression to dementia in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). However, the predictive role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GFAP on future cognitive transformation and alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated CSF biomarkers in newly diagnosed PD patients has not been investigated. METHODS 210 de novo PD patients from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative were recruited. Cognitive progression in PD participants was evaluated using Cox regression. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between baseline CSF GFAP and cognitive function and AD-related CSF biomarkers were evaluated using multiple linear regression and generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS At baseline, the mean age of PD participants was 60.85 ± 9.78 years, including 142 patients with normal cognition (PD-NC) and 68 PD-MCI patients. The average follow-up time was 6.42 ± 1.69 years. A positive correlation was observed between baseline CSF GFAP and age (β = 0.918, p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in baseline CSF GFAP levels between PD-NC and PD-MCI groups. Higher baseline CSF GFAP predicted greater global cognitive decline over time in early PD patients (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, β = - 0.013, p = 0.014). Furthermore, Cox regression showed that high baseline CSF GFAP levels were associated with a high risk of developing dementia over an 8-year period in the PD-NC group (adjusted HR = 3.070, 95% CI 1.119-8.418, p = 0.029). In addition, the baseline CSF GFAP was positively correlated with the longitudinal changes of not only CSF α-synuclein (β = 0.313, p < 0.001), but also CSF biomarkers associated with AD, namely, amyloid-β 42 (β = 0.147, p = 0.034), total tau (β = 0.337, p < 0.001) and phosphorylated tau (β = 0.408, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CSF GFAP may be a valuable prognostic tool that can predict the severity and progression of cognitive deterioration, accompanied with longitudinal changes in AD-associated pathological markers in early PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Hongzhou Zuo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Oumei Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
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Luebke M, Parulekar M, Thomas FP. Fluid biomarkers for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Biomark Neuropsychiatry 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionps.2023.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Kim KY, Shin KY, Chang KA. GFAP as a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091309. [PMID: 37174709 PMCID: PMC10177296 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood biomarkers have been considered tools for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and tau are primarily blood biomarkers, recent studies have identified other reliable candidates that can serve as measurable indicators of pathological conditions. One such candidate is the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocytic cytoskeletal protein that can be detected in blood samples. Increasing evidence suggests that blood GFAP levels can be used to detect early-stage AD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate GFAP in peripheral blood as a biomarker for AD and provide an overview of the evidence regarding its utility. Our analysis revealed that the GFAP level in the blood was higher in the Aβ-positive group than in the negative groups, and in individuals with AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to the healthy controls. Therefore, we believe that the clinical use of blood GFAP measurements has the potential to accelerate the diagnosis and improve the prognosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Bio-Medical Sciences, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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Michaëlsson I, Skoglund T, Hallén T, Olsson R, Maltese G, Tarnow P, Bhatti-Søfteland M, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Kölby L. Circulating Brain-Injury Markers After Surgery for Craniosynostosis. World Neurosurg 2023; 173:e593-e599. [PMID: 36863456 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Historically, there have been few quantitative methods for effectively evaluating outcomes after surgery for craniosynostosis. In this prospective study, we assessed a novel approach for detecting possible postsurgery brain injury in patients with craniosynostosis. METHODS We included consecutive patients operated on for sagittal (pi-plasty or craniotomy combined with springs) or metopic (frontal remodeling) synostosis at the Craniofacial Unit at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, from January 2019 to September 2020. Plasma concentrations of the brain-injury biomarkers neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and tau were measured immediately before induction of anesthesia, immediately before and after surgery, and on the first and the third postoperative days using single-molecule array assays. RESULTS Of the 74 patients included, 44 underwent craniotomy combined with springs for sagittal synostosis, 10 underwent pi-plasty for sagittal synostosis, and 20 underwent frontal remodeling for metopic synostosis. Compared with baseline, GFAP level showed a maximal significant increase at day 1 after frontal remodeling for metopic synostosis and pi-plasty (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.003, respectively). By contrast, craniotomy combined with springs for sagittal synostosis showed no increase in GFAP. For neurofilament light, we found a maximal significant increase at day 3 after surgery for all procedures, with significantly higher levels observed after frontal remodeling and pi-plasty compared with craniotomy combined with springs (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These represent the first results showing significantly increased plasma levels of brain-injury biomarkers after surgery for craniosynostosis. Furthermore, we found that more extensive cranial vault procedures resulted in higher levels of these biomarkers relative to less extensive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isak Michaëlsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Skoglund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Hallén
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Olsson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Maltese
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Tarnow
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Madiha Bhatti-Søfteland
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Kölby
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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18
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Simone M, De Giacomo A, Palumbi R, Palazzo C, Lucisano G, Pompamea F, Micella S, Pascali M, Gabellone A, Marzulli L, Giordano P, Gargano CD, Margari L, Frigeri A, Ruggieri M. Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Preliminary Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033057. [PMID: 36769380 PMCID: PMC9917818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopment disorders, characterized by a multifactorial etiology based on the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Recent evidence supports the neurobiological hypothesis based on neuroinflammation theory. To date, there are no sufficiently validated diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for ASD. Therefore, we decided to investigate the potential diagnostic role for ASD of two biomarkers well known for other neurological inflammatory conditions: the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the neurofilament (Nfl). Nfl and GFAP serum levels were analyzed using SiMoA technology in a group of ASD patients and in a healthy control group (CTRS), age- and gender-matched. Then we investigated the distribution, frequency, and correlation between serum Nfl and GFAP levels and clinical data among the ASD group. The comparison of Nfl and GFAP serum levels between ASD children and the control group showed a mean value of these two markers significantly higher in the ASD group (sNfL mean value ASD pt 6.86 pg/mL median value ASD pt 5.7 pg/mL; mean value CTRS 3.55 pg/mL; median value CTRS 3.1 pg; GFAP mean value ASD pt 205.7 pg/mL median value ASD pt 155.4 pg/mL; mean value CTRS 77.12 pg/mL; median value CTRS 63.94 pg/mL). Interestingly, we also found a statistically significant positive correlation between GFAP levels and hyperactivity symptoms (p-value <0.001). Further investigations using larger groups are necessary to confirm our data and to verify in more depth the potential correlation between these biomarkers and ASD clinical features, such as the severity of the core symptoms, the presence of associated symptoms, and/or the evaluation of a therapeutic intervention. However, these data not only might shed a light on the neurobiology of ASD, supporting the neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration hypothesis, but they also might support the use of these biomarkers in the early diagnosis of ASD, to longitudinally monitor the disease activity, and even more as future prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Simone
- Regenerative and Precision Medicine Department and Jonic Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea De Giacomo
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Palumbi
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Claudia Palazzo
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucisano
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pompamea
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Micella
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mara Pascali
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gabellone
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Marzulli
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Domenica Gargano
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Margari
- Regenerative and Precision Medicine Department and Jonic Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Frigeri
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maddalena Ruggieri
- Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience Department (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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19
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Rubio T, Viana R, Moreno-Estellés M, Campos-Rodríguez Á, Sanz P. TNF and IL6/Jak2 signaling pathways are the main contributors of the glia-derived neuroinflammation present in Lafora disease, a fatal form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 176:105964. [PMID: 36526090 PMCID: PMC10682476 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD; OMIM#254780) is a rare form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy (prevalence <1:1,000,000) characterized by the accumulation of insoluble deposits of aberrant glycogen (polyglucosans), named Lafora bodies, in the brain but also in peripheral tissues. LD is the most severe form of the group of progressive myoclonus epilepsies, since patients present a rapid deterioration and dementia with amplification of seizures, leading to death after a decade from the onset of the first symptoms. We have recently described that reactive glia-derived neuroinflammation should be considered a novel hallmark of LD since we observed a florid upregulation of differentially expressed genes in both LD mouse lines, which were mainly related to mediators of inflammatory response. In this work, we define an upregulation of the expression of mediators of the TNF and IL6/JAK2 signaling pathways in LD. In addition, we describe the activation of the non-canonical form of the inflammasome. Furthermore, we describe the infiltration of peripheral immune cells in the brain parenchyma, which could aggravate glia-derived neuroinflammation. Finally, we describe CXCL10 and S100b as blood biomarkers of the disease, which will allow the study of the progression of the disease using serum blood samples. We consider that the identification of these initial inflammatory changes in LD will be very important to implement possible anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Rubio
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Viana
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mireia Moreno-Estellés
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pascual Sanz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain..
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20
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Schindler P, Aktas O, Ringelstein M, Wildemann B, Jarius S, Paul F, Ruprecht K. Glial fibrillary acidic protein as a biomarker in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a current review. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023; 19:71-91. [PMID: 36378751 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2148657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing, often debilitating neuroinflammatory disease, whose predominant clinical manifestations are longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and optic neuritis. About 80% of the patients with an NMOSD phenotype have pathogenic autoantibodies against the astrocyte water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG). While therapeutic options for NMOSD have greatly expanded in recent years, well-established biomarkers for prognosis or treatment response are still lacking. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is mainly expressed in astrocytes and can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of patients with NMOSD. AREAS COVERED Here, we comprehensively review the current knowledge on GFAP as a biomarker in NMOSD. EXPERT OPINION In patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD, GFAP levels are elevated in CSF and serum during acute attacks and correlate with disability, consistent with the pathophysiology of this antibody-mediated astrocytopathy. Serum GFAP levels tend to be higher in AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD than in its differential diagnoses, multiple sclerosis, and myelin oligodendrocyte antibody-associated disease. Importantly, serum GFAP levels in AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD during remission may be predictive of future disease activity. Serial serum GFAP measurements are emerging as a biomarker to monitor disease activity in AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD and could have the potential for application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Schindler
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Ringelstein
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Jarius
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Ruprecht
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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21
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Saikarthik J, Saraswathi I, Alarifi A, Al-Atram AA, Mickeymaray S, Paramasivam A, Shaikh S, Jeraud M, Alothaim AS. Role of neuroinflammation mediated potential alterations in adult neurogenesis as a factor for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Post-Acute COVID-19 syndrome-A narrative review. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14227. [PMID: 36353605 PMCID: PMC9639419 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence of symptoms beyond the initial 3 to 4 weeks after infection is defined as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). A wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms like anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders and cognitive disturbances have been observed in PACS. The review was conducted based on PRISMA-S guidelines for literature search strategy for systematic reviews. A cytokine storm in COVID-19 may cause a breach in the blood brain barrier leading to cytokine and SARS-CoV-2 entry into the brain. This triggers an immune response in the brain by activating microglia, astrocytes, and other immune cells leading to neuroinflammation. Various inflammatory biomarkers like inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins and adhesion molecules have been implicated in psychiatric disorders and play a major role in the precipitation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Impaired adult neurogenesis has been linked with a variety of disorders like depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and dementia. Persistence of neuroinflammation was observed in COVID-19 survivors 3 months after recovery. Chronic neuroinflammation alters adult neurogenesis with pro-inflammatory cytokines supressing anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines favouring adult neurogenesis. Based on the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms/disorders in PACS, there is more possibility for a potential impairment in adult neurogenesis in COVID-19 survivors. This narrative review aims to discuss the various neuroinflammatory processes during PACS and its effect on adult neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Saikarthik
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Department of Medical Education, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ilango Saraswathi
- Department of Physiology, Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdulaziz Alarifi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Al-Atram
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suresh Mickeymaray
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anand Paramasivam
- Department of Physiology, RVS Dental College and Hospital, Kumaran Kottam Campus, Kannampalayan, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Saleem Shaikh
- Department of Medical Education, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mathew Jeraud
- Department of Physiology, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S. Alothaim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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22
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Alvarez M, Trent E, Goncalves BDS, Pereira DG, Puri R, Frazier NA, Sodhi K, Pillai SS. Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1020092. [PMID: 36268187 PMCID: PMC9577202 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is renowned as a multi-organ disease having subacute and long-term effects with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. The evolving scientific and clinical evidence demonstrates that the frequency of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 is high and it is crucial to explore more clinical research and implement proper diagnostic and treatment strategies. Several central nervous system complications have been reported as comorbidities of COVID-19. The changes in cognitive function associated with neurodegenerative diseases develop slowly over time and are only diagnosed at an already advanced stage of molecular pathology. Hence, understanding the common links between COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases will broaden our knowledge and help in strategizing prognostic and therapeutic approaches. The present review focuses on the diverse neurodegenerative changes associated with COVID-19 and will highlight the importance of major circulating biomarkers and microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the disease progression and severity. The literature analysis showed that major proteins associated with central nervous system function, such as Glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light chain, p-tau 181, Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1, S100 calcium-binding protein B, Neuron-specific enolase and various inflammatory cytokines, were significantly altered in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, among various miRNAs that are having pivotal roles in various neurodegenerative diseases, miR-146a, miR-155, Let-7b, miR-31, miR-16 and miR-21 have shown significant dysregulation in COVID-19 patients. Thus the review consolidates the important findings from the numerous studies to unravel the underlying mechanism of neurological sequelae in COVID-19 and the possible association of circulatory biomarkers, which may serve as prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sneha S. Pillai
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
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23
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Dong B, Jiang Y, Liu D, Xie K, Yu Y. Expression pattern and clinical value of Key RNA methylation modification regulators in ischemic stroke. Front Genet 2022; 13:1009145. [PMID: 36263422 PMCID: PMC9574037 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1009145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide, and effective diagnosis and treatment methods are lacking. RNA methylation, a common epigenetic modification, plays an important role in disease progression. However, little is known about the role of RNA methylation modification in the regulation of IS. The aim of this study was to investigate RNA methylation modification patterns and immune infiltration characteristics in IS through bioinformatics analysis. We downloaded gene expression profiles of control and IS model rat brain tissues from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. IS profiles were divided into two subtypes based on RNA methylation regulators, and functional enrichment analyses were conducted to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the subtypes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to explore co-expression modules and genes based on DEGs. The IS clinical diagnosis model was successfully constructed and four IS characteristic genes (GFAP, GPNMB, FKBP9, and CHMP5) were identified, which were significantly upregulated in IS samples. Characteristic genes were verified by receiver operating characteristic curve and real-time quantitative PCR analyses. The correlation between characteristic genes and infiltrating immune cells was determined by correlation analysis. Furthermore, GPNMB was screened using the protein-protein interaction network, and its regulatory network and the potential therapeutic drug chloroquine were predicted. Our finding describes the expression pattern and clinical value of key RNA methylation modification regulators in IS and novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets of IS from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanlin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Beibei Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Keliang Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yonghao Yu,
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24
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Sahin BE, Celikbilek A, Kocak Y, Saltoglu GT, Konar NM, Hizmali L. Plasma biomarkers of brain injury in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms. J Neurol Sci 2022; 439:120324. [PMID: 35752131 PMCID: PMC9212259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Neurological symptoms (NS) were often reported in COVID-19 infection. We examined the plasma levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100B together, as brain injury biomarkers, in relation to persistent NS in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 during the acute phase of the disease. Methods A total of 20 healthy controls and 58 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this prospective study. Serum GFAP and S100B levels were measured by using enzymle linked immunoassay method from blood samples. Results Serum GFAP levels were found to be significantly higher in the severe group than in the controls (p = 0.007). However, serum S100B levels were similar between control and disease groups (p > 0.05). No significant results for GFAP and S100B were obtained between the disease groups depending on whether the sampling time was below or above 5 days (p > 0.05). We did not find a correlation between serum GFAP and S100B levels and the presence of NS (p > 0.05). However, serum S100B levels were slightly higher in patients with multiple NS than in those with a single symptom (p = 0.044). Conclusions Elevated GFAP was associated with disease severity but not with NS in COVID-19 patients. Whereas, high serum S100B was associated with the multipl NS in these patients. Our data suggest that GFAP and S100B may be of limited value currently in order to represent the neuronal damage, though serving a basis for the future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Sahin
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kirsehir, Turkey.
| | - A Celikbilek
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Y Kocak
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - G T Saltoglu
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - N M Konar
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - L Hizmali
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kirsehir, Turkey
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25
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Immune Mechanism of Epileptogenesis and Related Therapeutic Strategies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030716. [PMID: 35327518 PMCID: PMC8945207 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunologic and neuroinflammatory pathways have been found to play a major role in the pathogenesis of many neurological disorders such as epilepsy, proposing the use of novel therapeutic strategies. In the era of personalized medicine and in the face of the exhaustion of anti-seizure therapeutic resources, it is worth looking at the current or future possibilities that neuroimmunomodulator or anti-inflammatory therapy can offer us in the management of patients with epilepsy. For this reason, we performed a narrative review on the recent advances on the basic epileptogenic mechanisms related to the activation of immunity or neuroinflammation with special attention to current and future opportunities for novel treatments in epilepsy. Neuroinflammation can be considered a universal phenomenon and occurs in structural, infectious, post-traumatic, autoimmune, or even genetically based epilepsies. The emerging research developed in recent years has allowed us to identify the main molecular pathways involved in these processes. These molecular pathways could constitute future therapeutic targets for epilepsy. Different drugs current or in development have demonstrated their capacity to inhibit or modulate molecular pathways involved in the immunologic or neuroinflammatory mechanisms described in epilepsy. Some of them should be tested in the future as possible antiepileptic drugs.
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