1
|
Wang D, Yu P, She R, Wang K. Protective effects of rabbit sacculus-derived antimicrobial peptides on SPF chicken against infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103797. [PMID: 38713990 PMCID: PMC11091692 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies here have demonstrated that the rabbit sacculus rotundus-derived antimicrobial peptides (RSRP) could alter the intestinal mucosal immune responses in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, however, the protective effects of RSRP on chickens against infection remain questionable. In the present study, eighty SPF chickens were randomly divided into five groups and challenged with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) to determine the protective effects and its underlying mechanism of RSRP. Histopathology examination found that vvIBDV-infection caused severe damage in the bursa of Fabricius, especially the bursal lymphoid follicles underwent severe necrosis, depletion, hemorrhage, and edema. Unexpectedly, RSRP intervention significantly reduced the necrosis and depletion of lymphoid follicles in the vvIBDV-infected chickens. Moreover, RSRP treatment significantly decreased the expression of Bax (P < 0.01) as well as remarkably promoted the expression of Bcl-2 (P < 0.01), concomitantly alleviated the excessive apoptosis in the immune organs such as the bursa of Fabricius during vvIBDV infection. Notably, consistent with our previous reports that increased mast cell activation and degranulation in the bursa after vvIBDV infection, RSRP administration considerably reduced the mast cell density and the expression of tryptase, a marker for activated mast cells. Collectively, the present study indicates that rabbit sacculus rotundus-derived antimicrobial peptides could effectively protect the major immune organs including the bursa of Fabricius from the damage caused by vvIBDV infection, which provides the possibility and a promising perspective for the future application of antimicrobial peptides for poultry production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Decheng Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences; Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Pin Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruiping She
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Kezhou Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kang HG, Jo BG, Lee SH, Kim TY, Kim SN, Yang MH. Inhibitory effects of compounds isolated from Geranium wilfordii on IL-4 production and β-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 cells. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38912841 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2369908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-allergic activity of compounds isolated from Geranium wilfordii Maxim. and to suggest potential therapeutic agents for allergies. Nine compounds were isolated from an ethanolic G. wilfordii extract using chromatographic methods and identified chemically and by spectroscopic analysis. These compounds were identified using reported literature data as brevifolin carboxylic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), corilagin (3), ellagic acid (4), geraniol (5), kaempferol 3-O-dirhamnoside (6), kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside (7), protocatechuic acid (8), and gallic acid (9). All nine identified compounds were assessed for including IL-4 mRNA expression and β-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 cells stimulated with PMA/ionomycin or IgE + DNP-BSA. IL-4 gene expression assay showed that corilagin (3) potently inhibited IL-4 production, and β-hexosaminidase release assay showed that protocatechuic acid (8) markedly reduced histamine release. The study shows that of the nine compounds isolated from G. wilfordii, corilagin (3), and protocatechuic acid (8) are potential treatments for allergy-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Goo Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Geun Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Heon Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Nam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hye Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Capellmann S, Kauffmann M, Arock M, Huber M. SR-BI regulates the synergistic mast cell response by modulating the plasma membrane-associated cholesterol pool. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350788. [PMID: 38708681 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI is the mast cell (MC) receptor responsible for the involvement of MCs in IgE-associated allergic disorders. Activation of the FcεRI is achieved via crosslinking by multivalent antigen (Ag) recognized by IgE resulting in degranulation and proinflammatory cytokine production. In comparison to the T- and B-cell receptor complexes, for which several co-receptors orchestrating the initial signaling events have been described, information is scarce about FcεRI-associated proteins. Additionally, it is unclear how FcεRI signaling synergizes with input from other receptors and how regulators affect this synergistic response. We found that the HDL receptor SR-BI (gene name: Scarb1/SCARB1) is expressed in MCs, functionally associates with FcεRI, and regulates the plasma membrane cholesterol content in cholesterol-rich plasma membrane nanodomains. This impacted the activation of MCs upon co-stimulation of the FcεRI with receptors known to synergize with FcεRI signaling. Amongst them, we investigated the co-activation of the FcεRI with the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT, the IL-33 receptor, and GPCRs activated by adenosine or PGE2. Scarb1-deficient bone marrow-derived MCs showed reduced cytokine secretion upon co-stimulation conditions suggesting a role for plasma membrane-associated cholesterol regulating respective MC activation. Mimicking Scarb1 deficiency by cholesterol depletion employing MβCD, we identified PKB and PLCγ1 as cholesterol-sensitive proteins downstream of FcεRI activation in bone marrow-derived MCs. When MCs were co-stimulated with stem cell factor (SCF) and Ag, PLCγ1 activation was boosted, which could be mitigated by cholesterol depletion and SR-BI inhibition. Similarly, SR-BI inhibition attenuated the synergistic response to PGE2 and anti-IgE in the human ROSAKIT WT MC line, suggesting that SR-BI is a crucial regulator of synergistic MC activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Capellmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marlies Kauffmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michel Arock
- Department of Hematological Biology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles-Foix Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kannen V, Grant DM, Matthews J. The mast cell-T lymphocyte axis impacts cancer: Friend or foe? Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216805. [PMID: 38462035 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Crosstalk between mast cells (MCs) and T lymphocytes (TLs) releases specific signals that create an environment conducive to tumor development. Conversely, they can protect against cancer by targeting tumor cells for destruction. Although their role in immunity and cancer is complex, their potential in anticancer strategies is often underestimated. When peripheral MCs are activated, they can affect cancer development. Tumor-infiltrating TLs may malfunction and contribute to aggressive cancer and poor prognoses. One promising approach for cancer patients is TL-based immunotherapies. Recent reports suggest that MCs modulate TL activity in solid tumors and may be a potential therapeutic layer in multitargeting anticancer strategies. Pharmacologically modulating MC activity can enhance the anticancer cytotoxic TL response in tumors. By identifying tumor-specific targets, it has been possible to genetically alter patients' cells into fully humanized anticancer cellular therapies for autologous transplantation, including the engineering of TLs and MCs to target and kill cancer cells. Hence, recent scientific evidence provides a broader understanding of MC-TL activity in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Kannen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Denis M Grant
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Matthews
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benezeder T, Bordag N, Woltsche J, Teufelberger A, Perchthaler I, Weger W, Salmhofer W, Gruber-Wackernagel A, Painsi C, Zhan Q, El-Heliebi A, Babina M, Clark R, Wolf P. Mast cells express IL17A, IL17F and RORC, are activated and persist with IL-17 production in resolved skin of patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3958361. [PMID: 38410434 PMCID: PMC10896398 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3958361/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about IL-17 expression in psoriasis and the actual cellular source of IL-17 remains incompletely defined. We show that high numbers of IL-17 + mast cells persisted in resolved lesions after treatment (anti-IL-17A, anti-IL-23, UVB or topical dithranol) and correlated inversely with the time span in remission. IL-17 + mast cells were found in T cell-rich areas and often close to resident memory T cells (Trm) in active psoriasis and resolved lesional skin. Digital cytometry by deconvolution of RNA-seq data showed that activated mast cells were increased in psoriatic skin, while resting mast cells were almost absent and both returned to normal levels after treatment. When primary human skin mast cells were stimulated with T cell cytokines (TNFα, IL-22 and IFNγ), they responded by releasing more IL-17A, as measured by ELISA. In situ mRNA detection using padlock probes specific for transcript variants of IL17A, IL17F, and RORC (encoding the Th17 transcription factor RORγt) revealed positive mRNA signals for IL17A, IL17F, and RORCin tryptase + cells, demonstrating that mast cells have the transcriptional machinery to actively produce IL-17. Mast cells thus belong to the center of the IL-23/IL-17 axis and high numbers of IL-17 + mast cells predict an earlier disease recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Benezeder
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz
| | - Natalie Bordag
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz
| | - Johannes Woltsche
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Weger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz
| | | | | | | | - Qian Zhan
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Amin El-Heliebi
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz
| | - Magda Babina
- Institute of Allergology, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin
| | | | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen J, Zhang S. The Role of Inflammation in Cholestatic Liver Injury. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4527-4540. [PMID: 37854312 PMCID: PMC10581020 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s430730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is a common clinical event in which bile formation and excretion are blocked, leading to retention of bile acids or bile salts; whether it occurs intra- or extrahepatically, primary or secondary, its pathogenesis is still unclear and is influenced by a combination of factors. In a variety of inflammatory and immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages (intrahepatic macrophages are also known as Kupffer cells), mast cells, NK cells, and even T cells in humoral immunity and B cells in cellular immunity, inflammation can be a "second strike" against cholestatic liver injury. These cells, stimulated by a variety of factors such as bile acids, inflammatory chemokines, and complement, can be activated and accumulate in the cholestatic liver, and with the involvement of inflammatory mediators and modulation by cytokines, can lead to destruction of hepatocytes and bile duct epithelial cells and exacerbate (and occasionally retard) the progression of cholestatic liver disease. In this paper, we summarized the new research advances proposed so far regarding the relationship between inflammation and cholestasis, aiming to provide reference for researchers and clinicians in the field of cholestatic liver injury research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kow CS, Ramachandram DS, Hasan SS. Famotidine: A potential mitigator of mast cell activation in post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment. J Psychosom Res 2023; 172:111425. [PMID: 37399740 PMCID: PMC10292911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia Siang Kow
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | - Syed Shahzad Hasan
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee SK, Choi JY, Jung ES, Kwon JH, Jang JW, Bae SH, Yoon SK. An Immunological Perspective on the Mechanism of Drug Induced Liver Injury: Focused on Drugs for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055002. [PMID: 36902432 PMCID: PMC10003078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is frequently exposed to potentially toxic materials, and it is the primary site of clearance of foreign agents, along with many innate and adaptive immune cells. Subsequently, drug induced liver injury (DILI), which is caused by medications, herbs, and dietary supplements, often occurs and has become an important issue in liver diseases. Reactive metabolites or drug-protein complexes induce DILI via the activation of various innate and adaptive immune cells. There has been a revolutionary development of treatment drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver transplantation (LT), including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), that show high efficacy in patients with advanced HCC. Along with the high efficacy of novel drugs, DILI has become a pivotal issue in the use of new drugs, including ICIs. This review demonstrates the immunological mechanism of DILI, including the innate and adaptive immune systems. Moreover, it aims to provide drug treatment targets, describe the mechanisms of DILI, and detail the management of DILI caused by drugs for HCC and LT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soon Kyu Lee
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Young Choi
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
| | - Eun Sun Jung
- Department of Pathology, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Kwon
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Jang
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hyun Bae
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kew Yoon
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Capellmann S, Sonntag R, Schüler H, Meurer SK, Gan L, Kauffmann M, Horn K, Königs-Werner H, Weiskirchen R, Liedtke C, Huber M. Transformation of primary murine peritoneal mast cells by constitutive KIT activation is accompanied by loss of Cdkn2a/Arf expression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1154416. [PMID: 37063827 PMCID: PMC10097954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells of the myeloid lineage distributed in tissues throughout the body. Phenotypically, they are a heterogeneous group characterized by different protease repertoires stored in secretory granules and differential presence of receptors. To adequately address aspects of MC biology either primary MCs isolated from human or mouse tissue or different human MC lines, like HMC-1.1 and -1.2, or rodent MC lines like L138.8A or RBL-2H3 are frequently used. Nevertheless, cellular systems to study MC functions are very limited. We have generated a murine connective tissue-like MC line, termed PMC-306, derived from primary peritoneal MCs (PMCs), which spontaneously transformed. We analyzed PMC-306 cells regarding MC surface receptor expression, effector functions and respective signaling pathways, and found that the cells reacted very similar to primary wildtype (WT) PMCs. In this regard, stimulation with MAS-related G-protein-coupled receptor member B2 (MRGPRB2) ligands induced respective signaling and effector functions. Furthermore, PMC-306 cells revealed significantly accelerated cell cycle progression, which however was still dependent on interleukine 3 (IL-3) and stem cell factor (SCF). Phenotypically, PMC-306 cells adopted an immature connective tissue-like MCs appearance. The observation of cellular transformation was accompanied by the loss of Cdkn2a and Arf expression, which are both described as critical cell cycle regulators. The loss of Cdkn2a and Arf expression could be mimicked in primary bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) by sustained SCF supplementation strongly arguing for an involvement of KIT activation in the regulation of Cdkn2a/Arf expression. Hence, this new cell line might be a useful tool to study further aspects of PMC function and to address tumorigenic processes associated with MC leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Capellmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sandro Capellmann, ; Michael Huber,
| | - Roland Sonntag
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Herdit Schüler
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen K. Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lin Gan
- Genomics Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marlies Kauffmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katharina Horn
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Königs-Werner
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sandro Capellmann, ; Michael Huber,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Inhibition of Complex I of the Respiratory Chain, but Not Complex III, Attenuates Degranulation and Cytokine Secretion in Human Skin Mast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911591. [PMID: 36232895 PMCID: PMC9570238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of mast cell (MC) degranulation and MC-driven skin symptoms are well-described. In contrast, data about the role of mitochondrial respiration for immune functions of human skin MCs are lacking. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in primary human skin MCs during IgE-mediated activation in the absence of glucose was examined using a metabolic flux analyzer. Effects of the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I (by rotenone A) and III (by myxothiazol) on degranulation and cytokine secretion (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-α, and GM-CSF) were explored by the β-hexosaminidase release assay and multiplex ELISA. IgE-mediated activation rapidly increased the mitochondrial OCR and extracellular acidification; the contribution of non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption remained unchanged at lower levels. Both myxothiazol and rotenone A reduced OCR, the mitochondrial parameters, and extracellular acidification; however, myxothiazol did not affect degranulation and cytokine secretion. In contrast, degranulation and the secretion of IL-6, IL-13, TNF-α, and GM-CSF were reduced by rotenone A, whereas the secretion of IL-4 and IL-5 was not significantly affected. The inhibitors did not affect cell viability. Our results highlight the important role played by mitochondrial respiration in primary human skin MCs and allow for a conclusion on a hierarchy of their effector functions. Drugs targeting specific pathways in mitochondria may provide future options to control MC-driven skin symptoms.
Collapse
|
11
|
Song P, Peng G, Yue H, Ogawa T, Ikeda S, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Niyonsaba F. Candidalysin, a Virulence Factor of Candida albicans, Stimulates Mast Cells by Mediating Cross-Talk Between Signaling Pathways Activated by the Dectin-1 Receptor and MAPKs. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1009-1025. [PMID: 35420364 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although mast cells (MCs) modulate the activity of effector cells during Candida albicans infection, their role in the pathogenesis of candidiasis remains unclear. Candidalysin, a C. albicans-derived peptide toxin, is a crucial factor in fungal infections. We aimed to investigate the effect of candidalysin on MC activation and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Serum from candidalysin-immunized mice was used to measure candidalysin expression in patients infected with C. albicans. MC degranulation and migration were evaluated by β-hexosaminidase release assay and chemotaxis assay, respectively. EIA and ELISA were used to evaluate the production of eicosanoids and cytokines/chemokines, respectively. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was measured with a DAF-FM diacetate kit, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was analyzed by flow cytometry. MAPK activation was evaluated by Western blotting. RESULTS We detected high candidalysin expression in the lesions of patients infected with C. albicans, and the MC number was increased in these lesions. LL-37 colocalized with MCs in the lesions of candidiasis patients. Candidalysin-enhanced MC accumulation in mice and treating LAD2 and HMC-1 cells with candidalysin induced their degranulation, migration, and production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, eicosanoids, ROS, NO, and LL-37. Interestingly, C. albicans strains lacking candidalysin failed to induce MC activation. Moreover, candidalysin increased dectin-1 expression, and the inhibition of dectin-1 decreased MC activation. Downstream dectin-1 signaling involved the MAPK pathways. CONCLUSION The finding that candidalysin causes cutaneous MC activation may improve our understanding of the role of MCs in the pathology of cutaneous C. albicans infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Song
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Ge Peng
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hainan Yue
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takasuke Ogawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigaku Ikeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - François Niyonsaba
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rigo R, Chelbi R, Agopian J, Letard S, Griffon A, Ghamlouch H, Vernerey J, Ladopoulos V, Voisset E, De Sepulveda P, Guittard G, Nunès JA, Bidaut G, Göttgens B, Weber M, Bernard OA, Dubreuil P, Soucie E. TET2 regulates immune tolerance in chronically activated mast cells. JCI Insight 2022; 7:154191. [PMID: 35393954 PMCID: PMC9057605 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutation of the TET2 DNA-hydroxymethylase has been associated with a number of immune pathologies. The disparity in phenotype and clinical presentation among these pathologies leads to questions regarding the role of TET2 mutation in promoting disease evolution in different immune cell types. Here we show that, in primary mast cells, Tet2 expression is induced in response to chronic and acute activation signals. In TET2-deficient mast cells, chronic activation via the oncogenic KITD816V allele associated with mastocytosis, selects for a specific epigenetic signature characterized by hypermethylated DNA regions (HMR) at immune response genes. H3K27ac and transcription factor binding is consistent with priming or more open chromatin at both HMR and non-HMR in proximity to immune genes in these cells, and this signature coincides with increased pathological inflammation signals. HMR are also associated with a subset of immune genes that are direct targets of TET2 and repressed in TET2-deficient cells. Repression of these genes results in immune tolerance to acute stimulation that can be rescued with vitamin C treatment or reiterated with a Tet inhibitor. Overall, our data support a model where TET2 plays a direct role in preventing immune tolerance in chronically activated mast cells, supporting TET2 as a viable target to reprogram the innate immune response for innovative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rigo
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Rabie Chelbi
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France.,Inovarion, Paris, France
| | - Julie Agopian
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Sebastien Letard
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Aurélien Griffon
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Hussein Ghamlouch
- INSERM, Mixed Research Unit (UMR) 1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Facility of Medicine, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Julien Vernerey
- CRCM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Vasileios Ladopoulos
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, and.,Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edwige Voisset
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Paulo De Sepulveda
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Guittard
- CRCM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- CRCM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Ghislain Bidaut
- CRCM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, and.,Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Weber
- CNRS, University of Strasbourg, UMR7242 Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, Illkirch, France
| | - Olivier A Bernard
- INSERM, Mixed Research Unit (UMR) 1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Facility of Medicine, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Erinn Soucie
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jeong H, Chong HJ, So J, Jo Y, Yune TY, Ju BG. Ghrelin Represses Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Gene Expression through Activation of Glucocorticoid Receptor and Protein Kinase C Delta in Inflamed Skin Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073977. [PMID: 35409338 PMCID: PMC8999772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin, a peptide hormone secreted from enteroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract, has anti-inflammatory activity in skin diseases, including dermatitis and psoriasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of ghrelin on skin inflammation is not clear. In this study, we found that ghrelin alleviates atopic dermatitis (AD)-phenotypes through suppression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) gene activation. Knockdown or antagonist treatment of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a), the receptor for ghrelin, suppressed ghrelin-induced alleviation of AD-like phenotypes and suppression of TSLP gene activation. We further found that ghrelin induces activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), leading to the binding of GR with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) NCoR corepressor to negative glucocorticoid response element (nGRE) on the TSLP gene promoter. In addition, ghrelin-induced protein kinase C δ (PKCδ)-mediated phosphorylation of p300 at serine 89 (S89), which decreased the acetylation and DNA binding activity of nuclear factor- κB (NF-κB) p65 to the TSLP gene promoter. Knockdown of PKCδ abolished ghrelin-induced suppression of TSLP gene activation. Our study suggests that ghrelin may help to reduce skin inflammation through GR and PKCδ-p300-NF-κB-mediated suppression of TSLP gene activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayan Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (H.J.); (H.-J.C.); (J.S.); (Y.J.)
| | - Hyo-Jin Chong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (H.J.); (H.-J.C.); (J.S.); (Y.J.)
| | - Jangho So
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (H.J.); (H.-J.C.); (J.S.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yejin Jo
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (H.J.); (H.-J.C.); (J.S.); (Y.J.)
| | - Tae-Young Yune
- Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Bong-Gun Ju
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (H.J.); (H.-J.C.); (J.S.); (Y.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-705-8455
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chompunud Na Ayudhya C, Ali H. Mas-Related G Protein–Coupled Receptor-X2 and Its Role in Non-immunoglobulin E–Mediated Drug Hypersensitivity. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2022; 42:269-284. [PMID: 35469618 PMCID: PMC9674431 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A diverse group of Food and Drug Administration-approved cationic drugs including antibiotics, neuromuscular blocking drugs, opioids, antidepressants, and radiocontrast media activate mast cells and cause hypersensitivity reactions by both an immunoglobulin E IgE-dependent and independent manner. The recent discovery that these drugs activate mast cells via the G protein-coupled receptor known as Mas-related GPCR-X2 (MRGPRX2) has represented a paradigm shift of how drug hypersensitivity reactions are viewed. This article provides an overview of the current status of the role of MRGPRX2 on non-IgE-mediated drug hypersensitivity. Potential risk factors and evaluation for suspected MRGPRX2-mediated drug reactions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hydar Ali
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Moreira V, Leiguez E, Janovits PM, Maia-Marques R, Fernandes CM, Teixeira C. Inflammatory Effects of Bothrops Phospholipases A 2: Mechanisms Involved in Biosynthesis of Lipid Mediators and Lipid Accumulation. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120868. [PMID: 34941706 PMCID: PMC8709003 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipases A2s (PLA2s) constitute one of the major protein groups present in the venoms of viperid and crotalid snakes. Snake venom PLA2s (svPLA2s) exhibit a remarkable functional diversity, as they have been described to induce a myriad of toxic effects. Local inflammation is an important characteristic of snakebite envenomation inflicted by viperid and crotalid species and diverse svPLA2s have been studied for their proinflammatory properties. Moreover, based on their molecular, structural, and functional properties, the viperid svPLA2s are classified into the group IIA secreted PLA2s, which encompasses mammalian inflammatory sPLA2s. Thus, research on svPLA2s has attained paramount importance for better understanding the role of this class of enzymes in snake envenomation and the participation of GIIA sPLA2s in pathophysiological conditions and for the development of new therapeutic agents. In this review, we highlight studies that have identified the inflammatory activities of svPLA2s, in particular, those from Bothrops genus snakes, which are major medically important snakes in Latin America, and we describe recent advances in our collective understanding of the mechanisms underlying their inflammatory effects. We also discuss studies that dissect the action of these venom enzymes in inflammatory cells focusing on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators and lipid accumulation in immunocompetent cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Moreira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04044-020, Brazil;
| | - Elbio Leiguez
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Priscila Motta Janovits
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Rodrigo Maia-Marques
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Cristina Maria Fernandes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Catarina Teixeira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jang YJ, Hong EH, Park EJ, Kim KJ, Kim KH. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Differences of Toll-Like Receptor 2, Mast Cells, and Neurofilaments between Granulomatous Rosacea and Non-Granulomatous Rosacea. Indian J Dermatol 2021; 66:343-346. [PMID: 34759390 PMCID: PMC8530054 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_18_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Granulomatous rosacea is a distinct variant of rosacea because of its unique histopatholiogic findings. However, the pathogenesis of granulomatous rosacea has not yet been clearly demonstrated. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of toll-like receptor 2, mast cells, and neurofilaments in the granulomatous rosacea compared with the non-granulomatous rosacea. Materials and Methods: Biopsy specimens were obtained from 12 patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, 11 patients with granulomatous rosacea, and 11 control patients. Biopsy tissue blocks were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against toll-like receptor 2, mast cells, and neurofilaments. Results: In granulomatous rosacea, the expression of mast cells increased significantly, compared to the erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and the control group (P-value = 0.001 and 0.013, respectively). Additionally, the expression of toll-like receptor 2 in the granulomatous rosacea group was higher than that in the control group (P-value = 0.04). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the increased expression of mast cells may be a sign of chronic, later stage of granulomatous rosacea compared to the erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. The increased expression of toll-like receptor 2 suggests that cathelicidin-induced neuroimmune pathogenesis also contributes to the pathophysiology of granulomatous rosacea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ji Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Park
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Kwang Joong Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Kwang Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Agopian J, Da Costa Q, Nguyen QV, Scorrano G, Kousteridou P, Yuan M, Chelbi R, Goubard A, Castellano R, Maurizio J, Teodosio C, De Sepulveda P, Asara JM, Orfao A, Hermine O, Dubreuil P, Brenet F. GlcNAc is a mast-cell chromatin-remodeling oncometabolite that promotes systemic mastocytosis aggressiveness. Blood 2021; 138:1590-1602. [PMID: 33974006 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a KIT-driven hematopoietic neoplasm characterized by the excessive accumulation of neoplastic mast cells (MCs) in various organs and, mainly, the bone marrow (BM). Multiple genetic and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the onset and severity of SM. However, little is known to date about the metabolic underpinnings underlying SM aggressiveness, which has thus far impeded the development of strategies to leverage metabolic dependencies when existing KIT-targeted treatments fail. Here, we show that plasma metabolomic profiles were able to discriminate indolent from advanced forms of the disease. We identified N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) as the most predictive metabolite of SM severity. High plasma levels of GlcNAc in patients with advanced SM correlated with the activation of the GlcNAc-fed hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in patients BM aspirates and purified BM MCs. At the functional level, GlcNAc enhanced human neoplastic MCs proliferation and promoted rapid health deterioration in a humanized mouse model of SM. In addition, in the presence of GlcNAc, immunoglobulin E-stimulated MCs triggered enhanced release of proinflammatory cytokines and a stronger acute response in a mouse model of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Mechanistically, elevated GlcNAc levels promoted the transcriptional accessibility of chromatin regions that contain genes encoding mediators of receptor tyrosine kinases cascades and inflammatory responses, thus leading to a more aggressive phenotype. Therefore, GlcNAc is an oncometabolite driver of SM aggressiveness. This study suggests the therapeutic potential for targeting metabolic pathways in MC-related diseases to manipulate MCs effector functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Agopian
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
| | - Quentin Da Costa
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Quang Vo Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Giulia Scorrano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Paraskevi Kousteridou
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Min Yuan
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rabie Chelbi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- Inovarion, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Goubard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Remy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Maurizio
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), INSERM U631, CNRS UMR 6102, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Cristina Teodosio
- Department of Immunohematology, Leiden University Medical Center, ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paulo De Sepulveda
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), University of Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Spain; and
| | - Olivier Hermine
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
- Institut Imagine, INSERM U1163, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labelisée (ERL) 8654, Paris Université, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Brenet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 258 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Klewer T, Bakic L, Müller-Reichert T, Kiewisz R, Jessberger G, Kiessling N, Roers A, Jessberger R. E-Cadherin restricts mast cell degranulation in mice. Eur J Immunol 2021; 52:44-53. [PMID: 34606636 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Crosslinking of FcεRI-bound IgE triggers the release of a large number of biologically active, potentially anaphylactic compounds by mast cells. FcεRI activation ought to be well-controlled to restrict adverse activation. As mast cells are embedded in tissues, adhesion molecules may contribute to limiting premature activation. Here, we report that E-Cadherin serves that purpose. Having confirmed that cultured mast cells express E-Cadherin, a mast-cell-specific E-Cadherin deficiency, Mcpt5-Cre E-Cdhfl/fl mice, was used to analyze mast cell degranulation in vitro and in vivo. Cultured peritoneal mast cells from Mcpt5-Cre E-Cdhfl/fl mice were normal with respect to many parameters but showed much-enhanced degranulation in three independent assays. Soluble E-Cadherin reduced the degranulation of control cells. The release of some newly synthesized inflammatory cytokines was decreased by E-Cadherin deficiency. Compared to controls, Mcpt5-Cre E-Cdhfl/fl mice reacted much stronger to IgE-dependent stimuli, developing anaphylactic shock. We suggest E-Cadherin-mediated tissue interactions restrict mast cell degranulation to prevent their precocious activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theres Klewer
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ljubica Bakic
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller-Reichert
- Core Facility Cellular Imaging, Experimental Center, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Kiewisz
- Core Facility Cellular Imaging, Experimental Center, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gregor Jessberger
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Kiessling
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rolf Jessberger
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Grigorev I, Korzhevskii D. Modern Imaging Technologies of Mast Cells for Biology and Medicine (Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 13:93-107. [PMID: 34603768 PMCID: PMC8482833 DOI: 10.17691/stm2021.13.4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells play an important role in the body defense against allergens, pathogens, and parasites by participating in inflammation development. However, there is evidence for their contributing to the pathogenesis of a number of atopic, autoimmune, as well as cardiovascular, oncologic, neurologic, and other diseases (allergy, asthma, eczema, rhinitis, anaphylaxis, mastocytosis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory gastrointestinal and pulmonary diseases, migraine, etc.). The diagnosis of many diseases and the study of mast cell functions in health and disease require their identification; so, the knowledge on adequate imaging techniques for mast cells in humans and different species of animals is of particular importance. The present review summarizes the data on major methods of mast cell imaging: enzyme histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, as well as histochemistry using histological stains. The main histological stains bind to heparin and other acidic mucopolysaccharides contained in mast cells and stain them metachromatically. Among these are toluidine blue, methylene blue (including that contained in May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain), thionin, pinacyanol, and others. Safranin and fluorescent dyes: berberine and avidin - also bind to heparin. Longer staining with histological dyes or alcian blue staining is needed to label mucosal and immature mast cells. Advanced techniques - enzyme histochemistry and especially immunohistochemistry - enable to detect mast cells high-selectively using a reaction to tryptases and chymases (specific proteases of these cells). In the immunohistochemical study of tryptases and chymases, species-specific differences in the distribution of the proteases in mast cells of humans and animals should be taken into account for their adequate detection. The immunohistochemical reaction to immunoglobulin E receptor (FcεRI) and c-kit receptor is not specific to mast cells, although the latter is important to demonstrate their proliferation in normal and malignant growth. Correct fixation of biological material is also discussed in the review as it is of great significance for histochemical and immunohistochemical mast cell detection. Fluorescent methods of immunohistochemistry and a multimarker analysis in combination with confocal microscopy are reported to be new technological approaches currently used to study various mast cell populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I.P. Grigorev
- Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Functional Morphology of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Department of General and Specific Morphology; Institute of Experimental Medicine, 12 Akademika Pavlova St., Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - D.E. Korzhevskii
- Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Functional Morphology of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Department of General and Specific Morphology; Institute of Experimental Medicine, 12 Akademika Pavlova St., Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Z, Kurashima Y. Two Sides of the Coin: Mast Cells as a Key Regulator of Allergy and Acute/Chronic Inflammation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071615. [PMID: 34203383 PMCID: PMC8308013 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that mast cells (MCs) initiate type I allergic reactions and inflammation in a quick response to the various stimulants, including—but not limited to—allergens, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). MCs highly express receptors of these ligands and proteases (e.g., tryptase, chymase) and cytokines (TNF), and other granular components (e.g., histamine and serotonin) and aggravate the allergic reaction and inflammation. On the other hand, accumulated evidence has revealed that MCs also possess immune-regulatory functions, suppressing chronic inflammation and allergic reactions on some occasions. IL-2 and IL-10 released from MCs inhibit excessive immune responses. Recently, it has been revealed that allergen immunotherapy modulates the function of MCs from their allergic function to their regulatory function to suppress allergic reactions. This evidence suggests the possibility that manipulation of MCs functions will result in a novel approach to the treatment of various MCs-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan;
| | - Yosuke Kurashima
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan;
- Department of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- CU-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Department of Pathology/Medicine, Allergy and Vaccines, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0063, USA
- Mucosal Immunology and Allergy Therapeutics, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-43-226-2848; Fax: +81-43-226-2183
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lowy DB, Makker PGS, Moalem-Taylor G. Cutaneous Neuroimmune Interactions in Peripheral Neuropathic Pain States. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660203. [PMID: 33912189 PMCID: PMC8071857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional interplay between the peripheral immune and nervous systems plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and responding to noxious stimuli. This crosstalk is facilitated by a variety of cytokines, inflammatory mediators and neuropeptides. Dysregulation of this delicate physiological balance is implicated in the pathological mechanisms of various skin disorders and peripheral neuropathies. The skin is a highly complex biological structure within which peripheral sensory nerve terminals and immune cells colocalise. Herein, we provide an overview of the sensory innervation of the skin and immune cells resident to the skin. We discuss modulation of cutaneous immune response by sensory neurons and their mediators (e.g., nociceptor-derived neuropeptides), and sensory neuron regulation by cutaneous immune cells (e.g., nociceptor sensitization by immune-derived mediators). In particular, we discuss recent findings concerning neuroimmune communication in skin infections, psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis. We then summarize evidence of neuroimmune mechanisms in the skin in the context of peripheral neuropathic pain states, including chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, diabetic polyneuropathy, post-herpetic neuralgia, HIV-induced neuropathy, as well as entrapment and traumatic neuropathies. Finally, we highlight the future promise of emerging therapies associated with skin neuroimmune crosstalk in neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Lowy
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Preet G S Makker
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gila Moalem-Taylor
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guo J, Peng L, Zeng J, Zhang M, Xu F, Zhang X, Wei Q. Paeoniflorin suppresses allergic and inflammatory responses by promoting autophagy in rats with urticaria. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:590. [PMID: 33884028 PMCID: PMC8056118 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) has been reported to be effective against several skin disorders, such as allergic contact dermatitis and psoriasis; however, it remains unclear whether PF can protect against urticarial lesions. Herein, the effects of PF on rats with urticarial lesions and the possible underlying mechanism were investigated. The effects of PF administration on a rat model of ovalbumin-induced urticarial-like lesions were evaluated via pathological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Toluidine blue staining was performed to detect mast cells and ELISA was performed to determine serum histamine levels. PF-induced regulatory effects on autophagic activity and the potential underlying mechanism of this were also investigated using transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. It was demonstrated that PF suppressed allergic and inflammatory responses to improve urticarial lesions, as evidenced by the attenuation of pathological abnormalities, mast cell infiltration and histamine secretion. Mechanistically, PF treatment was found to markedly limit the production and release of inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-23, while the levels of IL-17 remained unchanged. PF intervention led to an increased number of autophagosomes, along with higher levels of light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin-1, and lower levels of P62, indicating that PF could augment autophagic activity in urticarial lesions. PF treatment increased the expression of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPK-α), contributing to the PF-enhanced autophagic activity. In conclusion, PF could effectively improve urticarial lesions by inhibiting inflammatory cytokine IL-23 and increasing the autophagic activity via the LKB1/AMPK-α pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Li Peng
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China.,TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Meiheng Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wei
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Genetic Regulation of Tryptase Production and Clinical Impact: Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia, Mastocytosis and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052458. [PMID: 33671092 PMCID: PMC7957558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tryptase is a serine protease that is predominantly produced by tissue mast cells (MCs) and stored in secretory granules together with other pre-formed mediators. MC activation, degranulation and mediator release contribute to various immunological processes, but also to several specific diseases, such as IgE-dependent allergies and clonal MC disorders. Biologically active tryptase tetramers primarily derive from the two genes TPSB2 (encoding β-tryptase) and TPSAB1 (encoding either α- or β-tryptase). Based on the most common gene copy numbers, three genotypes, 0α:4β, 1α:3β and 2α:2β, were defined as “canonical”. About 4–6% of the general population carry germline TPSAB1-α copy number gains (2α:3β, 3α:2β or more α-extra-copies), resulting in elevated basal serum tryptase levels. This condition has recently been termed hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HαT). Although many carriers of HαT appear to be asymptomatic, a number of more or less specific symptoms have been associated with HαT. Recent studies have revealed a significantly higher HαT prevalence in patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) and an association with concomitant severe Hymenoptera venom-induced anaphylaxis. Moreover, HαT seems to be more common in idiopathic anaphylaxis and MC activation syndromes (MCAS). Therefore, TPSAB1 genotyping should be included in the diagnostic algorithm in patients with symptomatic SM, severe anaphylaxis or MCAS.
Collapse
|
24
|
King CA, Wegman AD, Endy TP. Mobilization and Activation of the Innate Immune Response to Dengue Virus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:574417. [PMID: 33224897 PMCID: PMC7670994 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.574417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus is an important human pathogen, infecting an estimated 400 million individuals per year and causing symptomatic disease in a subset of approximately 100 million. Much of the effort to date describing the host response to dengue has focused on the adaptive immune response, in part because of the well-established roles of antibody-dependent enhancement and T cell original sin as drivers of severe dengue upon heterotypic secondary infection. However, the innate immune system is a crucial factor in the host response to dengue, as it both governs the fate and vigor of the adaptive immune response, and mediates the acute inflammatory response in tissues. In this review, we discuss the innate inflammatory response to dengue infection, focusing on the role of evolutionarily conserved innate immune cells, their effector functions, and clinical course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gunata M, Parlakpinar H. A review of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury: Pathophysiology, experimental models, biomarkers, genetics and pharmacological treatment. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:190-217. [PMID: 32892450 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are known to be the most fatal diseases worldwide. Ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is at the centre of the pathology of the most common cardiovascular diseases. According to the World Health Organization estimates, ischaemic heart disease is the leading global cause of death, causing more than 9 million deaths in 2016. After cardiovascular events, thrombolysis, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary bypass surgery are applied as treatment. However, after restoring coronary blood flow, myocardial I/R injury may occur. It is known that this damage occurs due to many pathophysiological mechanisms, especially increasing reactive oxygen types. Besides causing cardiomyocyte death through multiple mechanisms, it may be an important reason for affecting other cell types such as platelets, fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells and immune cells. Also, polymorphonuclear leukocytes are associated with myocardial I/R damage during reperfusion. This damage may be insufficient in patients with co-morbidity, as it is demonstrated that it can be prevented by various endogenous antioxidant systems. In this context, the resulting data suggest that optimal cardioprotection may require a combination of additional or synergistic multi-target treatments. In this review, we discussed the pathophysiology, experimental models, biomarkers, treatment and its relationship with genetics in myocardial I/R injury. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: This review summarized current information on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (pathophysiology, experimental models, biomarkers, genetics and pharmacological therapy) for researchers and reveals guiding data for researchers, especially in the field of cardiovascular system and pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gunata
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Desheva Y, Mamontov A, Petkova N, Karev V, Nazarov P. Mast cell degranulation and histamine release during A/H5N1 influenza infection in influenza-sensitized mice. Life Sci 2020; 258:118230. [PMID: 32777303 PMCID: PMC7413848 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here we evaluate the role of mast cells in infection with influenza A/H5N1 virus in immunized mice. CBA mice were immunized intramuscularly with formalin-inactivated A/Vietnam/1194/2004 (H5N1)NIBRG-14 (H5N1). Serum samples were obtained on days 7, 12, 14, 21 after immunization. At day 14, the mice were infected intranasally with the A/Indonesia/5/2005 (H5N1)IDCDC-RG2 (H5N1) influenza virus with half of the animals receiving a mixture of the antihistamines. 67% of the vaccinated mice were protected from the lethality compared to 43% in the PBS-immunized group. Administration of antihistamines increased survival up to 85%–95%. Immunohistochemical examination using CD117 staining of the lungs demonstrated a larger quantity of activated mast cells after infection of immunized mice compared to mock-immunized mice. This was correlated to increased histamine level in the lungs and blood. Our experimental results suggest the involvement of mast cells and the histamine they produce in the pathogenesis of influenza infection in case of incomplete formation of the immune response to vaccination and mismatch of the vaccine and infection influenza viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Desheva
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Acad. Pavlov's str., 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey Mamontov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Acad. Pavlov's str., 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Petkova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Acad. Pavlov's str., 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Karev
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research institute of children's diseases", 9 Professor Popov's Str., 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Peter Nazarov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", Acad. Pavlov's str., 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
FcεRI Signaling in the Modulation of Allergic Response: Role of Mast Cell-Derived Exosomes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155464. [PMID: 32751734 PMCID: PMC7432241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells that act as environment resident sentinels playing a crucial role in Th2-mediated immune responses, including allergic reactions. Distinguishing features of MCs are the presence of numerous cytoplasmic granules that encapsulate a wide array of preformed bio-active molecules and the constitutive expression of the high affinity receptor of IgE (FcεRI). Upon FcεRI engagement by means of IgE and multivalent antigens, aggregated receptors trigger biochemical pathways that ultimately lead to the release of granule-stored and newly synthesized pro-inflammatory mediators. Additionally, MCs are also able to release exosomes either constitutively or upon stimulation. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles of endocytic origin endowed with important immunoregulatory properties, and represent an additional way of intercellular communication. Interestingly, exosomes generated upon FcεRI engagement contain co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules, lipid mediators, and MC-specific proteases, as well as receptor subunits together with IgE and antigens. These findings support the notion that FcεRI signaling plays an important role in influencing the composition and functions of exosomes derived by MCs depending on their activation status.
Collapse
|
28
|
Li C, Donninger H, Eaton J, Yaddanapudi K. Regulatory Role of Immune Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: The Message Is in the Envelope. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1525. [PMID: 32765528 PMCID: PMC7378739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogenous group of membrane-surrounded structures. Besides serving as a harbor for the unwanted material exocytosed by cells, EVs play a critical role in conveying intact protein, genetic, and lipid contents that are important for intercellular communication. EVs, broadly comprised of microvesicles and exosomes, are released to the extracellular environment from nearly all cells either via shedding from the plasma membrane or by originating from the endosomal system. Exosomes are 40–150 nm, endosome-derived small EVs (sEVs) that are released by cells into the extracellular environment. This review focuses on the biological properties of immune cell-derived sEVs, including composition and cellular targeting and mechanisms by which these immune cell-derived sEVs influence tumor immunity either by suppressing or promoting tumor growth, are discussed. The final section of this review discusses how the biological properties of immune cell-derived sEVs can be manipulated to improve their immunogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Howard Donninger
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - John Eaton
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Immuno-Oncology Group, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Kavitha Yaddanapudi
- Immuno-Oncology Group, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Eissmann MF, Buchert M, Ernst M. IL33 and Mast Cells-The Key Regulators of Immune Responses in Gastrointestinal Cancers? Front Immunol 2020; 11:1389. [PMID: 32719677 PMCID: PMC7350537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Interleukin (IL-)1 family IL33 is best known for eliciting type 2 immune responses by stimulating mast cells (MCs), regulatory T-cells (Tregs), innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and other immune cells. MCs and IL33 provide critical control of immunological and epithelial homeostasis in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Meanwhile, the role of MCs in solid malignancies appears tissue-specific with both pro and anti-tumorigenic activities. Likewise, IL33 signaling significantly shapes immune responses in the tumor microenvironment, but these effects remain often dichotomous when assessed in experimental models of cancer. Thus, the balance between tumor suppressing and tumor promoting activities of IL33 are highly context dependent, and most likely dictated by the mixture of cell types responding to IL33. Adding to this complexity is the promiscuous nature by which MCs respond to cytokines other than IL33 and release chemotactic factors that recruit immune cells into the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we integrate the outcomes of recent studies on the role of MCs and IL33 in cancer with our own observations in the GI tract. We propose a working model where the most abundant IL33 responsive immune cell type is likely to dictate an overall tumor-supporting or tumor suppressing outcome in vivo. We discuss how these opposing responses affect the therapeutic potential of targeting MC and IL33, and highlight the caveats and challenges facing our ability to effectively harness MCs and IL33 biology for anti-cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz F Eissmann
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Buchert
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pejler G. Novel Insight into the in vivo Function of Mast Cell Chymase: Lessons from Knockouts and Inhibitors. J Innate Immun 2020; 12:357-372. [PMID: 32498069 DOI: 10.1159/000506985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are now recognized as key players in diverse pathologies, but the mechanisms by which they contribute in such settings are only partially understood. Mast cells are packed with secretory granules, and when they undergo degranulation in response to activation the contents of the granules are expelled to the extracellular milieu. Chymases, neutral serine proteases, are the major constituents of the mast cell granules and are hence released in large amounts upon mast cell activation. Following their release, chymases can cleave one or several of a myriad of potential substrates, and the cleavage of many of these could potentially have a profound impact on the respective pathology. Indeed, chymases have recently been implicated in several pathological contexts, in particular through studies using chymase inhibitors and by the use of chymase-deficient animals. In many cases, chymase has been shown to account for mast cell-dependent detrimental effects in the respective conditions and is therefore emerging as a promising drug target. On the other hand, chymase has been shown to have protective roles in other pathological settings. More unexpectedly, chymase has also been shown to control certain homeostatic processes. Here, these findings are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, .,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chompunud Na Ayudhya C, Roy S, Thapaliya M, Ali H. Roles of a Mast Cell-Specific Receptor MRGPRX2 in Host Defense and Inflammation. J Dent Res 2020; 99:882-890. [PMID: 32392433 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520919107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are multifunctional immune cells that are found most abundantly at host-environment interfaces, such as the skin, respiratory tract, and oral/gastrointestinal mucosa. Not surprisingly, mast cells act as sentinel cells that sense microbial attacks and initiate a protective immune response and promote healing. Although mast cells share many features with other innate immune effector cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, they uniquely interact closely with blood vessels and release an extensive set of mediators for the recruitment of innate and adaptive immune cells. A novel human G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), known as Mas-related GPCR-X2 (MRGPRX2, mouse ortholog, MrgprB2), has recently been identified, which is expressed on mast cells but not neutrophils and macrophages. Interestingly, activation of MrgprB2 by bacteria-derived quorum-sensing peptides inhibits bacterial growth, prevents biofilm formation, and leads to the recruitment of neutrophils to effectively clear bacteria. Furthermore, host defense antimicrobial peptides and small-molecule peptide mimetics also activate mast cells via MRGPRX2/B2. MrgprB2-mediated activation of local mast cells also clears cutaneous bacterial infection, promotes healing, and protects against reinfection. In addition to their role in host defense, mast cells contribute to a number of chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis, neurogenic inflammation, and inflammatory pain likely via the activation of MRGPRX2. In this review, we discuss the roles of MRGPRX2/B2 in the clearance of bacterial infection, wound healing, periodontal disease, neurogenic inflammation, and inflammatory pain. We propose that harnessing mast cells' host defense and immunomodulatory properties via the activation of MRGPRX2 may lead to novel approaches for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. On the other hand, increased MRGPRX2 expression on mast cells and their inappropriate activation may contribute to periodontitis, neurogenic inflammation, and inflammatory pain. Thus, targeting MRGPRX2 could provide novel approaches to modulate these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Chompunud Na Ayudhya
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Roy
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Thapaliya
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H Ali
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Laforgia M, Calabrò C, Scattone A, Laface C, Porcelli M, Gadaleta CD, Nardulli P, Ranieri G. Pharmacotherapy in Mast Cell Leukemia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:1059-1069. [PMID: 32208985 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1744566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is one of the most aggressive forms of Systemic Mastocytosis (SM), a complex family of rare diseases, for which standard therapies are very few. MCL represents only <1% cases of SM and this is the reason why there are no specific clinical trials to better explore this disease. As a consequence, MCL is treated and grouped within other forms of SM, being all KIT-driven diseases; however, its KIT dysregulation leads to uncontrolled activation of mast cells (MCs), which correlates with forms of myeloid acute leukemia (AML). AREAS COVERED Different therapeutic approaches can be followed in the treatment of MCL. The authors look at both symptomatic therapies along with other approaches including targeted therapy. Further, the authors provide their expert opinion. EXPERT OPINION In the scenario of mast cell leukemia treatment, the key approach to achieve clinical results is, more than other similar pathologies, personalizing the therapy. It could be interesting or desirable to introduce for instance KIT mutant forms as minor criteria for the diagnosis of advanced SM, considering the small patient population with MCL and the relatively large panel of activating mutations for KIT and other important proteins involved in MCs' regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Laforgia
- S.C. Farmacia e U.Ma.C.A, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II , Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Calabrò
- S.C. Farmacia e U.Ma.C.A, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II , Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Scattone
- Anatomo-Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" , Bari, Italy
| | - Carmelo Laface
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Integrated Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" , Bari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Porcelli
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Integrated Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" , Bari, Italy
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Integrated Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" , Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nardulli
- S.C. Farmacia e U.Ma.C.A, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II , Bari, Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Integrated Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" , Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Martínez J, Marmisolle I, Tarallo D, Quijano C. Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Dynamics in Secretion Processes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:319. [PMID: 32528413 PMCID: PMC7256191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretion is an energy consuming process that plays a relevant role in cell communication and adaptation to the environment. Among others, endocrine cells producing hormones, immune cells producing cytokines or antibodies, neurons releasing neurotransmitters at synapsis, and more recently acknowledged, senescent cells synthesizing and secreting multiple cytokines, growth factors and proteases, require energy to successfully accomplish the different stages of the secretion process. Calcium ions (Ca2+) act as second messengers regulating secretion in many of these cases. In this setting, mitochondria appear as key players providing ATP by oxidative phosphorylation, buffering Ca2+ concentrations and acting as structural platforms. These tasks also require the concerted actions of the mitochondrial dynamics machinery. These proteins mediate mitochondrial fusion and fission, and are also required for transport and tethering of mitochondria to cellular organelles where the different steps of the secretion process take place. Herein we present a brief overview of mitochondrial energy metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and the different steps of the secretion processes, along with evidence of the interaction between these pathways. We also analyze the role of mitochondria in secretion by different cell types in physiological and pathological settings.
Collapse
|
34
|
Weiskirchen R, Meurer SK, Liedtke C, Huber M. Mast Cells in Liver Fibrogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111429. [PMID: 31766207 PMCID: PMC6912398 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells of the myeloid lineage that are present in the connective tissue throughout the body and in mucosa tissue. They originate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and circulate as MC progenitors in the blood. After migration to various tissues, they differentiate into their mature form, which is characterized by a phenotype containing large granules enriched in a variety of bioactive compounds, including histamine and heparin. These cells can be activated in a receptor-dependent and -independent manner. Particularly, the activation of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, also known as FcεRI, that is expressed on the surface of MCs provoke specific signaling cascades that leads to intracellular calcium influx, activation of different transcription factors, degranulation, and cytokine production. Therefore, MCs modulate many aspects in physiological and pathological conditions, including wound healing, defense against pathogens, immune tolerance, allergy, anaphylaxis, autoimmune defects, inflammation, and infectious and other disorders. In the liver, MCs are mainly associated with connective tissue located in the surrounding of the hepatic arteries, veins, and bile ducts. Recent work has demonstrated a significant increase in MC number during hepatic injury, suggesting an important role of these cells in liver disease and progression. In the present review, we summarize aspects of MC function and mediators in experimental liver injury, their interaction with other hepatic cell types, and their contribution to the pathogenesis of fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (R.W.) (M.H.)
| | - Steffen K. Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.W.) (M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mast cells are critical for controlling the bacterial burden and the healing of infected wounds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:20500-20504. [PMID: 31548430 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908816116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wound infections are a significant health problem, and antibiotic resistance is on the rise. Mast cells (MCs) have been shown to contribute to host-defense responses in certain bacterial infections, but their role in skin wound superinfection is unknown. We subjected 2 MC-deficient mouse strains to Pseudomonas aeruginosa skin wound infection and found significantly delayed wound closure in infected skin wounds. This delay was associated with impaired bacterial clearance in the absence of MCs. Engraftment of MCs restored both bacterial clearance and wound closure. Bacterial killing was dependent on IL-6 released from MCs, and engraftment with IL-6-deficient MCs failed to control wound infection. Treatment with recombinant IL-6 enhanced bacterial killing and resulted in the control of wound infection and normal wound healing in vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate a defense mechanism for boosting host innate immune responses, namely effects of MC-derived IL-6 on antimicrobial functions of keratinocytes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Alsaleh NB, Mendoza RP, Brown JM. Exposure to silver nanoparticles primes mast cells for enhanced activation through the high-affinity IgE receptor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 382:114746. [PMID: 31494149 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells are a key effector cell in type I allergic reactions. It has been shown that environmental exposures such as diesel exhaust and heavy metals exacerbate mast cell degranulation and activation. Today, the use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is rapidly expanding and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are one of the mostly widely utilized ENMs, primarily for their antimicrobial properties, and are being incorporated into many consumer and biomedical products. We assessed whether pre-exposure of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) to 20 nm AgNPs enhanced degranulation and activation to an allergen (dinitrophenol-conjugated human serum albumin) by measuring β-hexosaminidase release, LTB4 and IL-6 production. In addition, we assessed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell oxidative stress and toxicity as well as total and individual protein tyrosine phosphorylation (p-Tyr). We found that pre-exposure of BMMCs to AgNPs results in exacerbated allergen-mediated mast cell degranulation, LTB4 production and IL-6 release. Exposure of BMMCs to AgNPs exacerbated allergen-induced ROS generation, however, this was not associated with oxidative stress nor cell death. Finally, pre-exposure to AgNPs enhanced allergen-mediated global p-Tyr as well as individual proteins including Syk, PLCγ and LAT. Our findings indicate that pre-exposure to AgNPs exacerbates mast cell allergen-mediated phosphorylation of FcεR1-linked tyrosine kinases and ROS generation resulting in amplified early and late-phase responses. These findings suggest that exposure to AgNPs has the potential to prime mast cells to allergic immune responses, which could be of particular concern to atopic populations as the use of AgNPs in consumer and biomedical products rapidly increases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasser B Alsaleh
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ryan P Mendoza
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jared M Brown
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Piliponsky AM, Acharya M, Shubin NJ. Mast Cells in Viral, Bacterial, and Fungal Infection Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122851. [PMID: 31212724 PMCID: PMC6627964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are granule-rich immune cells that are distributed throughout the body in areas where microorganisms typically reside, such as mucosal tissues and the skin, as well as connective tissues. It is well known that mast cells have significant roles in IgE-mediated conditions, such as anaphylaxis, but, because of their location, it is also thought that mast cells act as innate immune cells against pathogens and initiate defensive immune responses. In this review, we discuss recent studies focused on mast cell interactions with flaviviruses and Candida albicans, and mast cell function in the cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis. We selected these studies because they are clear examples of how mast cells can either promote host resistance to infection, as previously proposed, or contribute to a dysregulated host response that can increase host morbidity and mortality. Importantly, we can distill from these studies that the contribution of mast cells to infection outcomes depends in part on the infection model, including the genetic approach used to assess the influence of mast cells on host immunity, the species in which mast cells are studied, and the differential contribution of mast cell subtypes to immunity. Accordingly, we think that this review highlights the complexity of mast cell biology in the context of innate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M Piliponsky
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Manasa Acharya
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Shubin
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lu Q, Li L, Huang A, Cui L, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wang X, Wang Y, Liu Z, Yuan Z, Dai M. Molecular Characterization and Biological Function of a Novel LncRNA CRNG in Swine. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:539. [PMID: 31178726 PMCID: PMC6537671 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study has showed that a novel gene is differentially expressed in the liver of cyadox-fed piglets, but its sequence and function are unknown. Here, rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and bioinformatics analysis showed that the novel gene is 953 bp without protein-coding ability and locates in chromosome 11. Hence, we identified the novel gene as long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and named it cyadox-related novel gene (CRNG). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that CRNG mainly distributes in cytoplasm. Moreover, microarray assay in combination with CRNG interference and overexpression showed that the differential genes such as ANPEP, KITLG, STAT5A, FOXP3, miR-451, IL-2, IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α are mainly involved in viral and pathogens infection and the immune-inflammatory responses in PK-15 cells. This work reveals that CRNG might play a role in preventing the host from being infected by pathogens and viruses and exerting immune regulatory effects in the cytoplasm, which may be involved in prophylaxis of cyadox in piglets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Lu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aixin Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luqing Cui
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinfeng Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulian Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lysosomotropic challenge of mast cells causes intra-granular reactive oxygen species production. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:95. [PMID: 31123601 PMCID: PMC6520368 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells contribute to the pathology of allergic and other disorders. Strategies to interfere with harmful mast cell-related activities are therefore warranted. Previously we established a principle for inducing selective apoptosis of mast cells, by the use of lysosomotropic agents that cause secretory granule permeabilization, leading to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the mechanism of ROS production has not been known. Here we addressed this issue. Live microscopy analysis showed that the secretory granules comprise major subcellular compartments for ROS production in response to mefloquine. As further signs for the primary involvement of secretory granules, both ROS production and cell death was blunted in mast cells lacking serglycin, a secretory granule-restricted proteoglycan. Inhibition of granule acidification caused an essentially complete blockade of granule permeabilization, ROS production and cell death in response to mefloquine. ROS production was also attenuated in the presence of an iron chelator, and after inhibition of either granzyme B or the ERK1/2 MAP kinase signaling pathway. Together, our findings reveal that the mast cell secretory granules constitute major sites for ROS production in mast cells subjected to lysosomotropic challenge. Moreover, this study reveals a central role for granule acidification in ROS generation and the pro-apoptotic response triggered downstream of secretory granule permeabilization.
Collapse
|
40
|
Activation mechanisms and multifaceted effects of mast cells in ischemia reperfusion injury. Exp Cell Res 2019; 376:227-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
41
|
Bento D, Jesus S, Lebre F, Gonçalves T, Borges O. Chitosan Plus Compound 48/80: Formulation and Preliminary Evaluation as a Hepatitis B Vaccine Adjuvant. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11020072. [PMID: 30744102 PMCID: PMC6409706 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Current vaccine research is mostly based on subunit antigens. Despite the better toxicity profile of these antigens they are often poorly immunogenic, so adjuvant association has been explored as a strategy to obtain a potent vaccine formulation. Recently, mast cell activators were recognized as a new class of vaccine adjuvants capable of potentiating mucosal and systemic immune responses. In this study, a co-adjuvanted delivery system was developed and characterized, combining the mast cell activator C48/80 with chitosan nanoparticles (Chi-C48/80 NPs), and the results were compared with plain chitosan nanoparticles. The adsorption of model antigens onto the NP surface as well as the biocompatibility of the system was not affected by the incorporation of C48/80 in the formulation. The stability of the nanoparticles was demonstrated by studying the variation of size and zeta potential at different times, and the ability to be internalized by antigen presenting cells was confirmed by confocal microscopy. Vaccination studies with hepatitis B surface antigen loaded Chi-C48/80 NPs validated the adjuvanticity of the delivery system, demonstrating for the first time a successful association between a mast cell activator and chitosan nanoparticles as a vaccine adjuvant for hepatitis B virus, applied to a nasal vaccination strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Bento
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-0504 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Jesus
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-0504 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Filipa Lebre
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-0504 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Gonçalves
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-0504 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Olga Borges
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-0504 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Role of Mast Cells and Type 2 Innate Lymphoid (ILC2) Cells in Lung Transplantation. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:2785971. [PMID: 30510964 PMCID: PMC6232810 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2785971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional role of mast cells (MCs) in the immune system is complex and has not fully been explored. MCs reside in tissues and mucous membranes such as the lung, digestive tract, and skin which are strategically located at interfaces with the external environment. These cells, therefore, will encounter external stimuli and pathogens. MCs modulate both the innate and the adaptive immune response in inflammatory disorders including transplantation. MCs can have pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, thereby regulating the outcome of lung transplantation through secretion of mediators that allow interaction with other cell types, particularly innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). ILC2 cells are a unique population of hematopoietic cells that coordinate the innate immune response against a variety of threats including infection, tissue damage, and homeostatic disruption. In addition, MCs can modulate alloreactive T cell responses or assist in T regulatory (Treg) cell activity. This paper outlines the current understanding of the role of MCs in lung transplantation, with a specific focus on their interaction with ILC2 cells within the engrafted organ.
Collapse
|
43
|
Stimulus strength determines the BTK-dependence of the SHIP1-deficient phenotype in IgE/antigen-triggered mast cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15467. [PMID: 30341350 PMCID: PMC6195619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen (Ag)-mediated crosslinking of IgE-loaded high-affinity receptors for IgE (FcεRI) on mast cells (MCs) triggers activation of proinflammatory effector functions relevant for IgE-associated allergic disorders. The cytosolic tyrosine kinase BTK and the SH2-containing inositol-5'-phosphatase SHIP1 are central positive and negative regulators of Ag-triggered MC activation, respectively, contrarily controlling Ca2+ mobilisation, degranulation, and cytokine production. Using genetic and pharmacological techniques, we examined whether BTK activation in Ship1-/- MCs is mandatory for the manifestation of the well-known hyperactive phenotype of Ship1-/- MCs. We demonstrate the prominence of BTK for the Ship1-/- phenotype in a manner strictly dependent on the strength of the initial Ag stimulus; particular importance for BTK was identified in Ship1-/- bone marrow-derived MCs in response to stimulation with suboptimal Ag concentrations. With respect to MAPK activation, BTK showed particular importance at suboptimal Ag concentrations, allowing for an analogous-to-digital switch resulting in full activation of ERK1/2 already at low Ag concentrations. Our data allow for a more precise definition of the role of BTK in FcεRI-mediated signal transduction and effector function in MCs. Moreover, they suggest that reduced activation or curtate expression of SHIP1 can be compensated by pharmacological inhibition of BTK and vice versa.
Collapse
|
44
|
Ayers LW, Barbachano-Guerrero A, McAllister SC, Ritchie JA, Asiago-Reddy E, Bartlett LC, Cesarman E, Wang D, Rochford R, Martin JN, King CA. Mast Cell Activation and KSHV Infection in Kaposi Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5085-5097. [PMID: 30084838 PMCID: PMC6191350 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular tumor initiated by infection of endothelial cells (ECs) with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). KS is dependent on sustained proinflammatory signals provided by intralesional leukocytes and continued infection of new ECs. However, the sources of these cytokines and infectious virus within lesions are not fully understood. Here, mast cells (MCs) are identified as proinflammatory cells within KS lesions that are permissive for, and activated by, infection with KSHV.Experimental Design: Three validated MC lines were used to assess permissivity of MCs to infection with KSHV and to evaluate MCs activation following infection. Biopsies from 31 AIDS-KS cases and 11 AIDS controls were evaluated by IHC for the presence of MCs in KS lesions and assessment of MC activation state and infection with KSHV. Plasma samples from 26 AIDS-KS, 13 classic KS, and 13 healthy adults were evaluated for levels of MC granule contents tryptase and histamine.Results: In culture, MCs supported latent and lytic KSHV infection, and infection-induced MC degranulation. Within KS lesions, MCs were closely associated with spindle cells. Furthermore, MC activation was extensive within patients with KS, reflected by elevated circulating levels of tryptase and a histamine metabolite. One patient with clinical signs of extensive MC activation was treated with antagonists of MC proinflammatory mediators, which resulted in a rapid and durable regression of AIDS-KS lesions.Conclusions: Using complimentary in vitro and in vivo studies we identify MCs as a potential long-lived reservoir for KSHV and a source of proinflammatory mediators within the KS lesional microenvironment. In addition, we identify MC antagonists as a promising novel therapeutic approach for KS. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 5085-97. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leona W Ayers
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Shane C McAllister
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Julie A Ritchie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | | | - Linda C Bartlett
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Ethel Cesarman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Rosemary Rochford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Jeffrey N Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Christine A King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Elieh Ali Komi D, Grauwet K. Role of Mast Cells in Regulation of T Cell Responses in Experimental and Clinical Settings. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 54:432-445. [PMID: 28929455 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-017-8646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells secrete a wide spectrum of stored or newly synthesized pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and/or immunosuppressive mediators and express several costimulatory and inhibitory surface molecules. Mast cells finely tune activities of T cells, B cells, and regulatory cells and effectively contribute to the development of different T cell-associated responses by influencing their recruitment, activation, proliferation, and differentiation. The interaction between mast cells and T cells, with regard to cellular functionality and immune responses, can be assessed in both activating and inhibitory regulations. While Th2 cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-9, stimulate stem cell factor (SCF)-dependent proliferation of mast cells, Th1 cytokine IFN-γ suppresses SCF-mediated differentiation of mast cell progenitors. Mast cell mediators such as CCL5 have a role in the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to viral infection sites where their ability in clearance of viral reservoirs is needed. The capacity of mast cells in presenting antigens by classes I and II MHC molecules to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells respectively is considered one of the main antigen-dependent interactions of mast cells with T cells. Interestingly, Tregs recruit mast cells to different sites through secretion of IL-9, while the OX40L (expressed on mast cell)-OX40(expressed on T cell) interaction inhibits the extent of the mast cell degranulation. Recently, the capability of exosomes to carry regulatory receptors of the mast cell surface and their role in T cell activation has been investigated. Functional interplay between mast cells and T cell subsets has been suggested primarily by investigating their co-localization in inflamed tissues and involvement of mast cells in autoimmune diseases. In this review, the interactions of mast cells with T cells are reviewed in cell-to-cell, cytokine, and exosome categories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Elieh Ali Komi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Korneel Grauwet
- Harvey Cushing Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, BTM building Rm 08012, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Azzawi S, Penzi LR, Senna MM. Immune Privilege Collapse and Alopecia Development: Is Stress a Factor. Skin Appendage Disord 2018; 4:236-244. [PMID: 30410890 PMCID: PMC6219219 DOI: 10.1159/000485080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair is a defining mammalian feature that serves as a hallmark of human communication. Given the critical significance of hair in social, religious, and political contexts, it is important to understand factors that play a role in hair loss disorders. The hair follicle is an immune privileged site, and mounting evidence suggests that the collapse of immune privilege contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune hair loss disorders, including alopecia areata and lichen planopilaris. This review comprehensively appraises the current literature to shed light on mechanisms for immune privilege collapse, and examines the role of neurogenic stress in triggering this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren R. Penzi
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maryanne M. Senna
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang J, Zhang C, Xu P, Yang ZW, Weng CZ, Lai YX. Phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/protein kinase B regulates inflammation severity via signaling of Toll‑like receptor 4 in severe acute pancreatitis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7835-7844. [PMID: 29620213 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) has been indicated to serve an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. It was previously demonstrated that the PI3K/Akt inhibitor wortmannin alleviated the severity of inflammation and improved the survival rate in rats with induced severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), which indicates that PI3K/Akt may serve a role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. To date, the mechanism by which PI3K/Akt regulates inflammation has not been elucidated. In the present study, it was hypothesized that PI3K/Akt may be invovled in SAP inflammation via regulation of the Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. Rats with SAP were treated with the PI3K/Akt agonist insulin‑like growth factor (IGF)‑1, which alleviated the severity of inflammation in a dose‑dependent manner. Furthermore, to better understand the role of PI3K/Akt in inflammation, RAW264.7 murine macrophages were stimulated with IGF‑1 and wortmannin alone or together before the induction of inflammation by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results indicated that LPS stimulated overexpression of TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), PI3K, Akt, p38MAPK and NF‑κBp65 mRNA, and increased the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α and interleukin (IL)‑6 in RAW264.7 cells compared with the control group. The levels of all detected factors were increased by stimulation with IGF‑1, whereas these levels were decreased following treatment with wortmannin alone, and the effect of IGF‑1 was abolished by wortmannin in RAW264.7 cells. In vivo studies indicated that IGF‑1 produced the same anti‑inflammatory effect as wortmannin and that expression of TLR4, p38MAPK and NF‑κBp65 decreased following treatment with IGF‑1. These findings indicate that PI3K/Akt may take part in the progression of SAP by regulating the TLR4 signaling pathway and that IGF‑1 can inhibit inflammation in SAP rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Wen Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Zhao Weng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Xing Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fritscher J, Amberger D, Dyckhoff S, Bewersdorf JP, Masouris I, Voelk S, Hammerschmidt S, Schmetzer HM, Klein M, Pfister HW, Koedel U. Mast Cells Are Activated by Streptococcus pneumoniae In Vitro but Dispensable for the Host Defense Against Pneumococcal Central Nervous System Infection In Vivo. Front Immunol 2018; 9:550. [PMID: 29616039 PMCID: PMC5867309 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells reside on and near the cerebral vasculature, the predominant site of pneumococcal entry into the central nervous system (CNS). Although mast cells have been reported to be crucial in protecting from systemic bacterial infections, their role in bacterial infections of the CNS remained elusive. Here, we assessed the role of mast cells in pneumococcal infection in vitro and in vivo. In introductory experiments using mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC), we found that (i) BMMC degranulate and release selected cytokines upon exposure to Streptococcus pneumoniae, (ii) the response of BMMC varies between different pneumococcal serotypes and (iii) is dependent on pneumolysin. Intriguingly though, apart from a slight enhancement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, neither two different mast cell-deficient Kit mutant mouse strains (WBB6F1-KitW/Wv and C57BL/6 KitW-sh/W-sh mice) nor pharmacologic mast cell stabilization with cromoglycate had any significant impact on the disease phenotype of experimental pneumococcal meningitis. The incomplete reversal of the enhanced CSF pleocytosis by local mast cell engraftment suggests that this phenomenon is caused by other c-Kit mutation-related mechanisms than mast cell deficiency. In conclusion, our study suggests that mast cells can be activated by S. pneumoniae in vitro. However, mast cells do not play a significant role as sentinels of pneumococcal CSF invasion and initiators of innate immunity in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Fritscher
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Amberger
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Oncology), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Dyckhoff
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Bewersdorf
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ilias Masouris
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Voelk
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Hammerschmidt
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Helga Maria Schmetzer
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Oncology), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Klein
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Walter Pfister
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Koedel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Immunomodulatory and Inhibitory Effect of Immulina ®, and Immunloges ® in the Ig-E Mediated Activation of RBL-2H3 Cells. A New Role in Allergic Inflammatory Responses. PLANTS 2018; 7:plants7010013. [PMID: 29495393 PMCID: PMC5874602 DOI: 10.3390/plants7010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immulina®, a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide extract from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) is a potent activator of innate immune cells. On the other hand, it is well documented that Spirulina exerts anti-inflammatory effects and showed promising effects with respect to the relief of allergic rhinitis symptoms. Taking into account these findings, we decided to elucidate whether Immulina®, and immunLoges® (a commercial available multicomponent nutraceutical with Immulina® as a main ingredient) beyond immune-enhancing effects, might also exert inhibitory effects in the induced allergic inflammatory response and on histamine release from RBL-2H3 mast cells. Our findings show that Immulina® and immunLoges® inhibited the IgE-antigen complex-induced production of TNF-α, IL-4, leukotrienes and histamine. The compound 48/80 stimulated histamine release in RBL-2H3 cells was also inhibited. Taken together, our results showed that Immulina® and immunLoges® exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and inhibited the release of histamine from mast cells.
Collapse
|
50
|
Breser ML, Salazar FC, Rivero VE, Motrich RD. Immunological Mechanisms Underlying Chronic Pelvic Pain and Prostate Inflammation in Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome. Front Immunol 2017; 8:898. [PMID: 28824626 PMCID: PMC5535188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is the most common urologic morbidity in men younger than 50 years and is characterized by a diverse range of pain and inflammatory symptoms, both in type and severity, that involve the region of the pelvis, perineum, scrotum, rectum, testes, penis, and lower back. In most patients, pain is accompanied by inflammation in the absence of an invading infectious agent. Since CP/CPPS etiology is still not well established, available therapeutic options for patients are far from satisfactory for either physicians or patients. During the past two decades, chronic inflammation has been deeply explored as the cause of CP/CPPS. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge regarding immunological mechanisms underlying chronic pelvic pain and prostate inflammation in CP/CPPS. Cumulative evidence obtained from both human disease and animal models indicate that several factors may trigger chronic inflammation in the form of autoimmunity against prostate, fostering chronic prostate recruitment of Th1 cells, and different other leukocytes, including mast cells, which might be the main actors in the consequent development of chronic pelvic pain. Thus, the local inflammatory milieu and the secretion of inflammatory mediators may induce neural sensitization leading to chronic pelvic pain development. Although scientific advances are encouraging, additional studies are urgently needed to establish the relationship between prostatitis development, mast cell recruitment to the prostate, and the precise mechanisms by which they would induce pelvic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María L Breser
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Florencia C Salazar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Viginia E Rivero
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rubén D Motrich
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|