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Reeder MJ, Idrogo-Lam A, Aravamuthan SR, Warshaw EM, DeKoven JG, Silverberg JI, Adler BL, Atwater AR, Taylor JS, Houle MC, Belsito DV, Yu J, Botto N, Mowad CM, Dunnick CA, DeLeo VA, Pratt MD. Occupational Contact Dermatitis in Construction Workers: A Retrospective Analysis of the North American Contact Dermatitis Group Data, 2001-2020. Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 38888884 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2024.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Background: Construction workers (CWs) are at risk for occupational contact dermatitis (CD) owing to workplace exposures. Objective: Determine the prevalence of occupational allergic CD and characterize common occupational allergens in CWs referred for patch testing in the United States and Canada. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of patients patch tested by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group from 2001 to 2020. Results: Of 47,843 patch-tested patients, 681 (1.4%) were CWs. Compared with non-CWs, CWs were more likely to be male (91.0% vs 30.9%) have occupational skin disease (36.9% vs 11.4%) and have hand involvement (37.2% vs 22.5%) (all P < 0.0001). Of 681 CWs, 60.1% (411) had clinically relevant positive patch test reactions, and nearly 1/3 of CWs (128) had occupationally relevant reactions. Most common occupationally relevant allergens were potassium dichromate 0.25% pet. (30.5%, 39/128), bisphenol A epoxy resin 1% pet. (28.1%, 36/128), carba mix 3% pet. (14.8%, 19/128), cobalt (ii) chloride hexahydrate 1% pet. (14.1%, 18/128), and thiuram mix 1% pet. (14.1%, 18/128). Top sources of occupationally relevant allergens were cement/concrete/mortar (20.4%, 46/225), gloves (15.1%, 34/225), and coatings (paint/lacquer/shellac/varnish/stains) (9.8%, 22/225). Conclusions: Occupational CD in North American CWs is common. In this group, frequently identified etiological sources of occupational allergic CD included metals, epoxy resin, and rubber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo J Reeder
- From the *Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexander Idrogo-Lam
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Srikanth R Aravamuthan
- From the *Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Erin M Warshaw
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joel G DeKoven
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Brandon L Adler
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Amber R Atwater
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - James S Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Marie-Claude Houle
- Division of Dermatology, CHU de Quebec, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Donald V Belsito
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical School, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jiade Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nina Botto
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christen M Mowad
- Department of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cory A Dunnick
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Vincent A DeLeo
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Melanie D Pratt
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Boonchai W, Likittanasombat S, Viriyaskultorn N, Kanokrungsee S. Gender differences in allergic contact dermatitis to common allergens. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:458-465. [PMID: 38109794 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender-based differences in skin structure, physiology, and allergen exposure can influence contact dermatitis development. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the differences and trends in contact sensitizers, focusing on the top 10 allergens and personal care product (PCP) contact allergies from a gender perspective. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of 5998 patients undergoing patch testing at an occupational and contact dermatitis clinic in a Thai, university-based, tertiary referral hospital from January 2001 to December 2021. Patients' characteristics and patch test results were collected. RESULTS Females had a higher positive patch test rate than males (71.8% vs. 65%, p < 0.001). However, males showed a greater prevalence of occupationally related allergic contact dermatitis (15.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed associations between being female and allergies to colophonium (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.07-1.99, p = 0.019), formaldehyde (aOR 1.97, 95% CI 1.17-13.31, p = 0.010), fragrance mix I (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.34-2.07, p < 0.001), MCI/MI (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 1.90-3.44, p < 0.001), neomycin (aOR 4.15, 95% CI 2.54-6.80, p < 0.001), and nickel (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 2.17-3.15, p < 0.001). Conversely, being male correlated with allergies to carba mix (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.41-0.64, p < 0.001), epoxy resin (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14-0.47, p < 0.001), n-isopropyl-n-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20-0.83, p = 0.014), paraben mix (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.32-0.56, p < 0.001), and potassium dichromate (aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58-0.84, p < 0.001). Positive reactions to PCPs stood at 13% overall (males 17.1%, females 12.2%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Gender plays a pivotal role in contact dermatitis. This work emphasises the importance of considering gender-specific factors when diagnosing and managing contact allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waranya Boonchai
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Noldtawat Viriyaskultorn
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Silada Kanokrungsee
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wongchang T, Pluangnooch P, Hongeng S, Wongkajornsilp A, Thumkeo D, Soontrapa K. Inhibition of DYRK1B suppresses inflammation in allergic contact dermatitis model and Th1/Th17 immune response. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7058. [PMID: 37120440 PMCID: PMC10148813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a type IV hypersensitivity mainly mediated by Th1/Th17 immune response. Topical corticosteroid is currently the first-line treatment for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and systemic administration of immunosuppressive drugs are used in patients with severe disseminated cases. However, increased risk of adverse effects has limited their use. Thus, the development of a novel immunosuppressant for ACD with low toxicity is a challenging issue. In this study, we began our study by using a murine contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model of ACD to examine the immunosuppressive effects of DYRK1B inhibition. We found that mice treated with a selective DYRK1B inhibitor show reduced ear inflammation. In addition, a significant reduction of Th1 and Th17 cells in the regional lymph node upon DYRK1B inhibition was observed by FACS analysis. Studies in vitro further revealed that DYRK1B inhibitor does not only suppressed Th1 and Th17 differentiation, but also promotes regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation. Mechanistically, FOXO1 signaling was enhanced due to the suppression of FOXO1Ser329 phosphorylation in the presence of DYRK1B inhibitor. Therefore, these findings suggest that DYRK1B regulates CD4 T cell differentiation through FOXO1 phosphorylation and DYRK1B inhibitor has a potential as a novel agent for treatment of ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamrong Wongchang
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Care, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Panwadee Pluangnooch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisak Wongkajornsilp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Dean Thumkeo
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kitipong Soontrapa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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Schütte MG, Tamminga SJ, de Groene GJ, Kezic S, van der Molen HF. Work-related and personal risk factors for occupational contact dermatitis: A systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:171-187. [PMID: 36444496 PMCID: PMC10107890 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to identify work-related and personal risk factors for contact dermatitis (CD), and assess their association with this frequently occurring occupational disease. A systematic review of the literature from 1990 to June 2, 2020, was conducted using Medline and Embase. Prospective cohort and case-control studies were included, and meta-analyses were conducted when feasible. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Twenty-nine studies were identified, comprising 26 study populations and with a total of 846 209 participants investigating 52 risk factors for CD. Meta-analyses were performed for five risk factors, all of them for irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). Moderate-quality evidence was found for associations between wet work and ICD (OR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.21-2.01). High-quality evidence was found for the association between atopic dermatitis and ICD (OR: 2.44, 95%CI: 1.89-3.15). There was no evidence for an association between ICD and sex or history of hand dermatitis, respiratory and mucosal atopy. In conclusion, several work-related and personal risk factors associated with CD were identified. Our data emphasize the need for the assessment of both, work-related and personal, risk factors to prevent occupational CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke G Schütte
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research Institute, and Netherlands Center for Occupational Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sietske J Tamminga
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research Institute, and Netherlands Center for Occupational Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda J de Groene
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research Institute, and Netherlands Center for Occupational Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research Institute, and Netherlands Center for Occupational Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk F van der Molen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research Institute, and Netherlands Center for Occupational Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Karagounis TK, Cohen DE. Occupational Hand Dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:201-212. [PMID: 36749448 PMCID: PMC9903276 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Occupational hand dermatitis is a common work-related disorder of the skin. Prevention and management of this disease is critical to improving workers' quality of life and for occupation-specific retention. RECENT FINDINGS This is a critical review of the current literature on occupational hand dermatitis. Occupational dermatitis continues to have a high prevalence among workers although the overall incidence may be slowly decreasing. Irritant contact dermatitis due to wet work exposure is the most common cause of occupational hand dermatitis. Healthcare workers, hairdressers, and metal workers are at particularly high risk for this disease. While some prevention programs have been ineffective in mitigating occupational hand dermatitis, other more resource-intensive initiatives may have benefit. Continued research is needed on ways to manage wet work exposures and on scalable, effective prevention programs for occupational hand dermatitis. The spectrum of culprit contact allergens continues to evolve, and vigilance for potential occupation-specific allergens remains important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora K. Karagounis
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - David E. Cohen
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
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Kotti N, Kchaou A, Sellami I, Dhouib F, Hajjaji M, Marrakchi S, Masmoudi M, Turki H, Hammami K. Impact de la dermatite de contact allergique sur l’activité professionnelle chez une population de travailleurs dans la région du Sud tunisien. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Slodownik D, Levi A, Lapidoth M, Moshe S. Occupational Chronic Contact Dermatitis Successfully Treated with Dupilumab: A Case Series. Dermatology 2022; 238:1073-1075. [PMID: 35462358 PMCID: PMC9677867 DOI: 10.1159/000524380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational contact dermatitis may progress to a chronic course with an unfavorable prognosis. Dupilumab has been shown to be effective as a treatment for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis as well as other types of dermatitis. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to describe cases of chronic recalcitrant occupational contact dermatitis treated with dupilumab and with long-term follow-up. METHODS A retrospective review of 6 patients treated with dupilumab for chronic occupational contact dermatitis for periods of up to 30 months was performed. RESULTS All 6 patients had a positive and sustainable response, with dermatitis clearance and the ability to sustain work tasks. CONCLUSIONS We report a case series of atopic and nonatopic workers with occupational chronic contact dermatitis who failed to achieve remission under various systemic modalities but did so using dupilumab. We suggest considering dupilumab treatment for recalcitrant occupational contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Slodownik
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Assi Levi
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Laser Unit, Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Moshe Lapidoth
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Laser Unit, Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Shlomo Moshe
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Occupational Department, Jerusalem and Hashfela District, Maccabi Healthcare, Services, Rishon Letzion, Israel
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care workers and hospital cleaning workers are at high risk regarding the development of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD). OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence and risk factors of OCD in hospital cleaning workers. METHODS A questionnaire was conducted in 245 cleaning workers in our cross-sectional study. The 236 cleaning workers formed the study group. In workers who were prediagnosed with dermatitis, physical examination was performed in the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, and when necessary, patch test, skin biopsy, and investigation for total immunoglobulin E were conducted. Patients with definite contact dermatitis were diagnosed as having OCD by using the Mathias criteria. RESULTS The prevalence rate of OCD was 21.6% and was significantly higher in female workers (26.4%) when compared with male workers (11.0%). Female sex; low educational level; cleaning the external surfaces of the medical equipment, monitors, and accessories; and mixing the cleaning products and use them while performing cleaning activities were determined as the independent risk factors for OCD. CONCLUSIONS Occupational contact dermatitis was present at a high rate in hospital cleaning workers. The risk factors should be taken into consideration for prevention of OCD and improvement of the health status of hospital cleaning workers.
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Olusegun OA, Martincigh BS. Allergic contact dermatitis: a significant environmental and occupational skin disease. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:1082-1091. [PMID: 33710640 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This review article seeks to provide an overview of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) as a significant environmental and occupational skin disease, the phases of ACD, its causes from the occupational and environmental perspectives, its detection, the effects of ACD with respect to the social, psychological, occupational, and financial perspectives, and its cure and/or prevention. Human skin is very sensitive and as the largest organ in the body, it is highly prone to direct and indirect contact with the substances from its environment. The skin reacts to these substances (xenobiotics) differently depending on the individual's tolerance level or threshold. Allergic contact dermatitis is a significant environmental and occupational skin disease that should not be ignored in our society because it can affect the quality of life of an affected individual. There are multiple causes of ACD, and these causes of ACD have been discussed from two perspectives: environmental and occupational. The effects of ACD can be psychological, social, financial, and occupational. There is need for more public enlightenment on the effects of ACD as well as a precise understanding that it is not a contagious disease so as to significantly reduce the psychological and social effects of ACD on these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunmilayo A Olusegun
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Bice S Martincigh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Brans R, John SM, Frosch PJ. Clinical Aspects of Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Dubin C, Del Duca E, Guttman-Yassky E. Drugs for the Treatment of Chronic Hand Eczema: Successes and Key Challenges. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2020; 16:1319-1332. [PMID: 33408476 PMCID: PMC7780849 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s292504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is a common and burdensome inflammatory skin condition seen in up to 10% of the population, more often in high-risk occupational workers. Topical therapeutics comprise the standard of care, but up to 65% of cases do not resolve after treatment, and moderate-to-severe cases are often resistant to topical therapeutics and require systemic options instead. To date, there are no systemic therapeutics approved to treat CHE in the United States, but several drugs are under investigation as potential treatments for CHE. The primary focus of this review is on the novel therapeutics, topical and systemic, that are under investigation in recently completed or currently ongoing trials. This review also briefly outlines the existing treatments utilized for CHE, often with limited success or extensive adverse effects. CHE represents a major challenge for physicians and patients alike, and efforts to improve the minimally invasive diagnostic tools and treatment paradigms are ongoing. In the near future, CHE patients may benefit from new topical and systemic therapeutics that specifically target abnormally expressed immune markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Dubin
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ester Del Duca
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Olusegun OA, Martincigh BS. Understanding the Role of pH in Protein‐Haptenation Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanisms of the Protein‐Haptenation Reactions of Selected Quinones Present in the Environment. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olufunmilayo A. Olusegun
- School of Chemistry and Physics University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Bice S. Martincigh
- School of Chemistry and Physics University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000 South Africa
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Budi DS. Relations between Contact Duration, Type of Work Use of Personal Protective Equipment and Contact Dermatitis among Electroplaters. THE INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.20473/ijosh.v9i2.2020.123-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Occupational contact dermatitis is defined as a skin disorder that occurs after work and caused by work process. Electroplating is one of the jobs which has high contact dermatitis risk because there are irritant chemicals such as nickel and chromium. This study aimed to identify the relationship between risk factors for occupational-induced contact dermatitis and electroplaters at CV. X and CV. Y, Durungbanjar Village, Sidoarjo District. Method: This research was an observational study using cross-sectional approach. The sample was a total population of 28 people, consisting of 13 electroplaters at CV. X and 15 electroplaters at CV. Y in Durungbanjar Village. The study was conducted in November - May 2019. Data were collected using questionnaires, observations and medical record sheets. The variables in this study were contact duration, contact frequency, type of work and the use of personal protective equipment. Result: Result showed that 64.3% of electroplaters suffered from contact dermatitis. Contact duration factor had a very strong correlation of c = 0.764, contact frequency factor had a strong correlation of c = 0.710, type of work had strong correlation of c = 0.616, personal hygiene factor had strong correlation of c = 0.547 and the use of personal protective equipment also had strong correlation of c = 0.545. Conclusion: There is a very strong correlation between contact duration and contact dermatitis. Contact frequency, type of work and the use of personal protective equipment had strong correlation to contact dermatitis among electroplaters. The higher contact duration and frequency with irritant substances among the electroplaters, the higher the increase of the risk of contact dermatitis among the electroplaters. Some occupational efforts and recommendations can be made to reduce the risk of contact dermatitis. Keywords: contact dermatitis, electroplating, risk factors
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15
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Irritant Contact Dermatitis: Why It Happens, Who Suffers It and How to Manage. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-020-00247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Park JS, Park EK, Kim HK, Choi GS. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Occupational Skin Disease in Korean Workers from the 2014 Korean Working Conditions Survey. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:64-72. [PMID: 31887801 PMCID: PMC6938776 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.1.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Occupational skin disease (OSD) is a commonly known occupational disease. However, epidemiological data about this condition in Korea are limited. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of OSD using nationally representative data. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used data from the large-scale, cross-sectional, nationwide 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2014. OSD was defined as skin diseases caused or aggravated by working environments as indicated in a self-reported questionnaire. Factors affecting the occurrences of OSD were investigated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence rates of OSD were 1.35% in all workers and 62.2% in workers with skin diseases. The workers with OSD were older, had lower educational levels, and had longer working times per week than those without OSD (p<0.001). Furthermore, OSDs occurred more frequently in self-employed workers (p=0.002), those with small-sized businesses (p=0.008), those with longer working durations (p<0.001), and manual and service workers (p<0.001). Although the workers with OSD had greater exposure to various hazardous factors, logistic multivariate analysis showed that high temperatures and skin contact with chemical products were significantly correlated (odds ratios: 2.096 and 2.326, respectively). High prevalence rates of OSD were observed in membership organizations/repair/other personal services (3.2%), agriculture/forestry/fishing (2.7%), manufacturing (2.0%), and construction (1.6%) industries. Additionally, depression/anxiety problems were significantly more prevalent in workers with OSD than in those without (p<0.001). CONCLUSION This is the first study to present large-scale epidemiological data on OSD prevalence in Korean workers. Our results highlight modifiable factors contributing to the development of OSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Sun Park
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute , Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Eun Kee Park
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Kyoo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Gil Soon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
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Soltanipoor M, Kezic S, Sluiter JK, de Wit F, Bosma AL, van Asperen R, Rustemeyer T. Effectiveness of a skin care programme for the prevention of contact dermatitis in healthcare workers (the Healthy Hands Project): A single-centre, cluster randomized controlled trial. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 80:365-373. [PMID: 30652317 PMCID: PMC6593800 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of developing hand dermatitis (HD). Guidelines recommend moisturizers to prevent HD, but in practice their effectiveness has been poorly investigated. OBJECTIVES To assess whether an intervention aimed at improving skin care leads to a reduction in HD severity. METHODS In this 1-year randomized controlled trial, 9 wards (285 HCWs) were allocated to an intervention group (IG), and 10 wards (216 HCWs) were allocated to the control group (CG). The intervention included provision of cream dispensers with electronic monitoring of use, regularly communicated to the HCWs. The primary and secondary outcomes were change from baseline in Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) score (ΔHECSI) and change in natural moisturizing factor (NMF) level (ΔNMF). RESULTS At 12 months, the rates of loss to follow-up were 41% and 39% in the IG and the CG, respectively. The HECSI score was reduced in the IG by -6.2 points (95%CI: -7.7 to -4.7) and in the CG by -4.2 points (95%CI: -6.0 to -2.4). There was no significant difference in ΔHECSI or ΔNMF between the groups. Relative improvement in the HECSI score was significantly higher in the IG than in the CG (56% vs 44%). In a subgroup of HCWs with mild HD, the IG showed a larger HECSI score decrease than the CG (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although there was no significant effect on the primary outcomes, the intervention showed overall positive effects on the HECSI score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Soltanipoor
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC (De Boelelaan), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith K Sluiter
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fleur de Wit
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC (De Boelelaan), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela L Bosma
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC (Meibergdreef), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth van Asperen
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC (De Boelelaan), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC (De Boelelaan), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Brans R, John SM, Frosch PJ. Clinical Aspects of Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_16-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Luckett-Chastain LR, Gipson JR, Gillaspy AF, Gallucci RM. Transcriptional profiling of irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) in a mouse model identifies specific patterns of gene expression and immune-regulation. Toxicology 2018; 410:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
The skin serves as the foremost barrier between the internal body and the external world, providing crucial protection against pathogens and chemical, mechanical, and ultraviolet damages. The skin is a central player in the intricate network of immune, neurologic, and endocrine systems. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) includes an extensive network of bioactive lipid mediators and their receptors, functions to modulate appetite, pain, mood, and memory, and has recently been implicated in skin homeostasis. Disruption of ECS homeostasis is implicated in the pathogenesis of several prevalent skin conditions. In this review, we highlight the role of endocannabinoids in maintaining skin health and homeostasis and discuss evidence on the role of ECS in several eczematous dermatoses including atopic dermatitis, asteatotic eczema, irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, and chronic pruritus. The compilation of evidence may spark directions for future investigations on how the ECS may be a therapeutic target for dermatologic conditions.
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de Lima CMF, Hernandes GHY, Navajas S, Swarowsky G, Kalil J, Galvão CES. Occupational allergic disease: socio-epidemiological aspects from a specialized outpatient clinic in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Rev Bras Med Trab 2017; 15:297-302. [PMID: 32377584 DOI: 10.5327/z1679443520170095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational diseases involving the immune system are considered to be occupational allergic diseases (OAD); 15% of occupational diseases are allergic. The social consequences of OAD are significant for both workers and employers. Objectives To describe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with OAD and their social outcomes. Methods Descriptive and retrospective study of the medical records of patients diagnosed with OAD cared at the occupational allergy clinic of a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Results A total of 72 patients exhibited OAD, with age 21 to 89 years old; 52% were male. Atopic antecedents were described for 35% of patients. Most patients worked in the chemical industry (17%), cleaning (15%), construction (11%) and health care (8%). Occupational rhinitis was found in 26% of the patients, work-related asthma in 18%, asthma and rhinitis in 25%, and allergic contact dermatitis in 13%. In regard to the social outcomes, 36 (50%) workers remained in their jobs, 19 (26%) changed function, 7 (10%) changed occupation, 7 (10%) were fired and 3 (4%) retired. Conclusions In the present study, OAD prevailed among males and within the economically active age; cases of occupational rhinitis were the most frequent. Half of the employees remained in the same job position even after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Mafra Fonseca de Lima
- Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.,Anhembi-Morumbi University - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jorge Kalil
- Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
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Occupational Contact Dermatitis in Mechanics and Repairers Referred for Patch Testing: Retrospective Analysis From the North American Contact Dermatitis Group 1998–2014. Dermatitis 2017; 28:47-57. [DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Use-patterns of personal care and household cleaning products in Switzerland. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 99:24-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Comparison of European Standard Patch Test Results of 330 Patients from an Occupational Diseases Hospital. Dermatol Res Pract 2016; 2016:9421878. [PMID: 27807445 PMCID: PMC5078646 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9421878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim. Contact dermatitis (CD) is the most prevalent occupational skin disease with a significant impact on quality of life. Patch testing is used for the identification of responsible allergens which may improve protective and preventive measures in the workplace. Herein, we aim to identify the demographic characteristics and occupation of patients with early diagnosis of occupational CD and compare patch test results. Materials and Methods. The study included 330 patients referred to our clinic between April 2009 and April 2011 and who were patch-tested with 28-allergen European Standard Test. Results. 126 (38%) patients were female and 204 (62%) were male with a mean age of 36.12 (±13.13) years. Positive allergic reactions were observed in 182 (55%) patients. Nickel sulphate (41/126) and potassium dichromate (39/204) were significantly the most common allergens in women and men, respectively (P < 0.005). Additionally, the most common occupation in women was household activities (83/126) and in men was manufacturing (80/204). Conclusion. The allergens to which people become sensitized differ according to their working environment and occupation. Classification of occupations is important for identification of sensitization risks and monitoring of changes in allergen distribution of different occupations.
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Igielska-Kalwat J, Gościańska J, Witkowska B, Nowak I. In vivo studies of substances used in the cosmetic industry. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2016; 33:163-9. [PMID: 27512349 PMCID: PMC4969411 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2016.60607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cosmetic producers are obliged to guarantee the safety and stability of their products. The current legal regulations are based on the European Union Directive (1223/2009) of 30 November 2009. The main aim of the directive is to formulate criteria of safety of a cosmetic product and requirements that it must meet to be placed on the market. A new cosmetic product is subjected to thorough investigation prior to its introduction on the market. It should be studied not only with respect to its safety, but also with respect to its effectiveness declared by the producer. The studies are performed in vivo, by the contact or epidermal patch tests on the human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Igielska-Kalwat
- Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Gościańska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Witkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within genes involved in inflammation, skin barrier integrity, signaling/pattern recognition, and antioxidant defense with irritant susceptibility in a group of health care workers. METHODS The 536 volunteer subjects were genotyped for selected SNPs and patch tested with three model irritants: sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and benzalkonium chloride (BKC). Genotyping was performed on genomic DNA using Illumina Goldengate custom panels. RESULTS The ACACB (rs2268387, rs16934132, rs2284685), NTRK2 (rs10868231), NTRK3 (rs1347424), IL22 (rs1179251), PLAU (rs2227564), EGFR (rs6593202), and FGF2 (rs308439) SNPs showed an association with skin response to tested irritants in different genetic models (all at P < 0.001). Functional annotations identified two SNPs in PLAU (rs2227564) and ACACB (rs2284685) genes with a potential impact on gene regulation. In addition, EGF (rs10029654), EGFR (rs12718939), CXCL12 (rs197452), and VCAM1 (rs3917018) genes showed an association with hand dermatitis (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that genetic variations in genes related to inflammation and skin homeostasis can influence responses to irritants and may explain inter-individual variation in the development of subsequent contact dermatitis.
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Brok L, Clemmensen KKB, Carøe TK, Ebbehøj NE, Agner T. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis in a 2-year follow-up study: how well does the patient remember the result of patch testing? Contact Dermatitis 2016; 75:41-7. [PMID: 27102974 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patch testing is mandatory for diagnosing contact dermatitis. It is, however, crucial that patients understand and remember the result of the test. OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of patch testing with respect to patients' ability to remember patch test results and the results of natural rubber latex protein allergy after 2 years. METHODS One hundred and ninety-nine patients diagnosed with relevant occupational epoxy or rubber chemical contact allergy, or allergy to natural rubber latex protein, were invited to participate in a questionnaire study about their knowledge of contact allergies after 2 years. RESULTS The response rate was 75%. Of the respondents, 13% did not remember their occupational contact allergy to rubber chemicals or epoxy. Ability to remember was not significantly influenced by sex or Dermatology Life Quality Index, but was decreased by age >60 years (p < 0.01). Of patients with an additional contact allergy, <36% remembered this correctly. Of patients allergic to natural rubber latex proteins, 50% remembered this correctly. CONCLUSIONS The impact of patch testing depends on the patients' ability to understand and remember the results of the test. Attention should be drawn to the importance of this, and patients with increased need for information should be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Brok
- Department of Dermatology, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim K B Clemmensen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanja K Carøe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels E Ebbehøj
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tove Agner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mostosi C, Simonart T. Effectiveness of Barrier Creams against Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Dermatology 2016; 232:353-62. [DOI: 10.1159/000444219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Aktas E, Esin MN. A Turkish translation of the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002/LONG) adapted for young workers in high-risk jobs. Int J Dermatol 2015; 55:278-88. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Aktas
- Department of Public Health Nursing; Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Melek Nihal Esin
- Department of Public Health Nursing; Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
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31
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Wong CL, Ghassabian S, Smith MT, Lam AL. In vitro methods for hazard assessment of industrial chemicals - opportunities and challenges. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:94. [PMID: 25999858 PMCID: PMC4419653 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a delayed-type hypersensitivity immune reaction mediated by T-lymphocytes as a result of repeated exposure of an allergen primarily on skin. ACD accounts for up to 95% of occupational skin diseases, with epoxy resins implicated as one of the most common causes of ACD. Efficient high-throughput in vitro screening for accurate identification of compounds and materials that may pose hazardous risks in the workplace is crucial. At present, the murine local lymph node assay is the 'method of choice' for predicting the sensitizing potency of contact allergens. As the 3Rs principles of reduction, refinement, and replacement in animal testing has gained political and economic momentum, several in vitro screening methods have been developed for identifying potential contact allergens. To date, these latter methods have been utilized primarily to assess the skin sensitizing potential of the chemical components of cosmetic products with scant research attention as to the applicability of these methods to industrial chemicals, particularly epoxy resins. Herein we review the currently utilized in vitro methods and identify the knowledge gaps with regard to assessing the generalizability of in vitro screening methods for assessing the skin sensitizing potential of industrial chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Lin Wong
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, The University of QueenslandSt Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of QueenslandWoolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Sussan Ghassabian
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, The University of QueenslandSt Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Maree T. Smith
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, The University of QueenslandSt Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of QueenslandWoolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Ai-Leen Lam
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, The University of QueenslandSt Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Behroozy A, Keegel TG. Wet-work Exposure: A Main Risk Factor for Occupational Hand Dermatitis. Saf Health Work 2014; 5:175-80. [PMID: 25516808 PMCID: PMC4266809 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wet-work can be defined as activities where workers have to immerse their hands in liquids for >2 hours per shift, or wear waterproof (occlusive) gloves for a corresponding amount of time, or wash their hands >20 times per shift. This review considers the recent literature on wet-work exposure, and examines wet-work as a main risk factor for developing irritant contact dermatitis of the hands. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed description of wet-work exposure among specific occupational groups who extensively deal with water and other liquids in their occupations. Furthermore, it highlights the extent and importance of the subsequent adverse health effects caused by exposure to wet-work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Behroozy
- Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Paramedicine and Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Tessa G. Keegel
- Centre for Ergonomics and Human Factors, Public Health and Human Biosciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health (MonCOEH), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Dhingra N, Shemer A, Correa da Rosa J, Rozenblit M, Fuentes-Duculan J, Gittler JK, Finney R, Czarnowicki T, Zheng X, Xu H, Estrada YD, Cardinale I, Suárez-Fariñas M, Krueger JG, Guttman-Yassky E. Molecular profiling of contact dermatitis skin identifies allergen-dependent differences in immune response. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:362-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Validation of a Questionnaire on Hand Hygiene in the Construction Industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 58:1046-56. [DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/meu053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Montano D. Chemical and biological work-related risks across occupations in Europe: a review. J Occup Med Toxicol 2014; 9:28. [PMID: 25071862 PMCID: PMC4113130 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6673-9-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related health inequalities are determined to some extent by an unequal exposure to chemical and biological risk factors of disease. Although their potential economic burden in the European Union (EU-25) might be substantial, comprehensive reviews focusing on the distribution of these risks across occupational groups are limited. Thus, the main objective of this review is to provide a synopsis of the exposure to chemical and biological hazards across occupational groups. In addition, main industrial applications of hazardous substances are identified and some epidemiological evidence is discussed regarding societal costs and incidence rates of work-related diseases. METHODS Available lists of carcinogens, sensitisers, mutagens, reprotoxic substances and biological hazards were consulted. For each work-related hazard the main industrial application was identified in order to assess which ISCO occupational groups may be associated with direct exposure. Where available, information on annual tonnage production, risk assessment of the substances and pathogens, and other relevant data were collected and reported. RESULTS Altogether 308 chemical and biological hazards were identified which may account to at least 693 direct exposures. These hazards concentrate on the following major occupational groups: technicians (ISCO 3), operators (ISCO 8), agricultural workers (ISCO 6) and workers in elementary occupations (ISCO 9). Common industrial applications associated with increased exposure rates relate among others to: (1) production or application of pigments, resins, cutting fluids, adhesives, pesticides and cleaning products, (2) production of rubber, plastics, textiles, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, and (3) in agriculture, metallurgy and food processing industry, Societal costs of the unequal distribution of chemical and biological hazards across occupations depend on the corresponding work-related diseases and may range from 2900 EUR to 126000 EUR per case/year. CONCLUSIONS Risk of exposure to chemical and biological risks and work-related disease incidence are highly concentrated on four occupational groups. The unequal burden of exposure across occupations is an important contributing factor leading to health inequalities in society. The bulk of societal costs, however, are actually being borne by the workers themselves. There is an urgent need of taking into account the health impact of production processes and services on workers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Montano
- Faculty of Medicine, Senior professorship “Work Stress Research”, Duesseldorf University, Universitaetsstr. 1, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Yakut Y, Uçmak D, Akkurt ZM, Akdeniz S, Palanci Y, Sula B. Occupational skin diseases in automotive industry workers. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2013; 33:11-5. [PMID: 23638861 DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2013.787088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Studies on occupational skin diseases in workers of the automotive industry are few. AIM To investigate the prevalence of occupational skin diseases in workers of the automotive industry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between September and December 2011, a total of 405 workers from the automotive repair industry in Diyarbakır were interviewed. They were active workers in the repair industry who had been employed for at least six months. Business owners, sellers of spare parts and accounting officers were not included. The employees were examined at their workplaces and the working conditions were observed. Detailed dermatological examination was performed. RESULTS The mean age of the 405 workers who participated in the study was 27.7 ± 10.3. The mean working time of employees was 13.3 ± 10.4 years. All of the employees were male. Dermatological diseases were not detected in 144 out of 405 workers (35.6%) and at least one condition was diagnosed in 261 (64.4%). The most frequent diagnosis was callus, hyperkeratosis, clavus (27.7%), followed by nail changes (16.8%) and superficial mycoses (12.1%). Contact dermatitis was seen at a rate of 5.9%. DISCUSSION Traumatic lesions such as hyperkeratotic lesions and nail changes were found most frequently. Traumatic lesions were common among individuals who did not use gloves. Most nail changes were localized leuconychia, a finding not reported in the studies on automotive industry workers. In accordance with the literature, irritant contact dermatitis was observed in patients with a history of atopy and who had been working for a long time. CONCLUSION Occupational skin diseases comprise an important field in dermatology, deserving much attention. Further studies on occupational dermatology are necessary.
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Weisshaar E, Skudlik C, Scheidt R, Matterne U, Wulfhorst B, Schönfeld M, Elsner P, Diepgen TL, John SM. Multicentre study ‘rehabilitation of occupational skin diseases -optimization and quality assurance of inpatient management (ROQ)’-results from 12-month follow-up. Contact Dermatitis 2012; 68:169-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02170.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Rhebergen MDF, Visser MJ, Verberk MM, Lenderink AF, van Dijk FJH, Kezic S, Hulshof CTJ. Revealing barriers and facilitators to use a new genetic test: comparison of three user involvement methods. J Community Genet 2012; 3:237-49. [PMID: 22318407 PMCID: PMC3461230 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-012-0080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared three common user involvement methods in revealing barriers and facilitators from intended users that might influence their use of a new genetic test. The study was part of the development of a new genetic test on the susceptibility to hand eczema for nurses. Eighty student nurses participated in five focus groups (n = 33), 15 interviews (n = 15) or questionnaires (n = 32). For each method, data were collected until saturation. We compared the mean number of items and relevant remarks that could influence the use of the genetic test obtained per method, divided by the number of participants in that method. Thematic content analysis was performed using MAXQDA software. The focus groups revealed 30 unique items compared to 29 in the interviews and 21 in the questionnaires. The interviews produced more items and relevant remarks per participant (1.9 and 8.4 pp) than focus groups (0.9 and 4.8 pp) or questionnaires (0.7 and 2.3 pp). All three involvement methods revealed relevant barriers and facilitators to use a new genetic test. Focus groups and interviews revealed substantially more items than questionnaires. Furthermore, this study suggests a preference for the use of interviews because the number of items per participant was higher than for focus groups and questionnaires. This conclusion may be valid for other genetic tests as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn D F Rhebergen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box: 22700, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,
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Gittler JK, Krueger JG, Guttman-Yassky E. Atopic dermatitis results in intrinsic barrier and immune abnormalities: implications for contact dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 131:300-13. [PMID: 22939651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), as well as irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), are common skin diseases. These diseases are characterized by skin inflammation mediated by activated innate immunity or acquired immune mechanisms. Although AD, ICD, and ACD can be encountered in pure forms by allergists and dermatologists, patients with AD often present with increased frequency of ICD and ACD. Although a disturbed barrier alone could potentiate immune reactivity in patients with AD through increased antigen penetration, additional immune mechanisms might explain the increased susceptibility of atopic patients to ICD and ACD. This review discusses cellular pathways associated with increased skin inflammation in all 3 conditions and presents mechanisms that might contribute to the increased rate of ICD and ACD in patients with AD.
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Gómez de Carvallo M, Calvo B, Benach J, Pujol R, Giménez-Arnau A. Evaluación de los criterios de imputabilidad de dermatosis profesional definidos por Mathias. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2012; 103:411-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Revised: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Assessment of the Mathias Criteria for Establishing Occupational Causation of Contact Dermatitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2012.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cashman MW, Reutemann PA, Ehrlich A. Contact Dermatitis in the United States: Epidemiology, Economic Impact, and Workplace Prevention. Dermatol Clin 2012; 30:87-98, viii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Halioua B, Bensefa-Colas L, Bouquiaux B, Crépy M, Assier H, Billon S, Chosidow O. Occupational Contact Dermatitis in 10,582 French Patients Reported between 2004 and 2007: A Descriptive Study. Dermatology 2012; 225:354-63. [DOI: 10.1159/000342175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Britland S, Hoyle M. Transcriptional gene silencing of kallikrein 5 and kallikrein 7 using siRNA prevents epithelial cell detachment induced by alkaline shock in an in vitro model of eczema. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 28:485-9. [PMID: 22095688 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Eczema is widely considered to be an exacerbation of alkaline stress to the skin. Epidermal barrier dysfunction is a feature of eczema pathology, which predisposes affected individuals to distressing morbid symptoms. At least two serine proteases, stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (kallikrein 7 [KLK7]) and stratum corneum tryptic enzyme (kallikrien 5 [KLK5]), have increased activity levels in eczematous lesions and both have been implicated in the destruction of corneodesomosomes, which are crucial to epidermal integrity. The present in vitro study investigated whether transcriptional gene silencing after siRNA transfection could influence the activity of these signature enzymes in an in vitro model of eczema induced by alkaline shock. HaCaT epithelial cells were subjected to alkaline stress by the addition of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl guanidine "superbase" (TMG) to the culture media. The culture media were subsequently tested for chymotryspin, trypsin, plasmin, and urokinase activity using colorimetric peptide assays and for reactive oxygen species using WST1 cell viability reagent. Cells that had been transfected with small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) against KLK5 and KLK7 for 24 h before alkaline shock did not exhibit the increase in serine protease levels observed in untreated controls. Moreover, an endpoint MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) confirmed that detachment of cells from the culture substrate observed in alkaline-stressed cells did not occur in siRNA-treated cells. This in vitro study has established the proof-of-principle that siRNA therapy appears to mitigate the consequences of alkaline shock to the serine protease-associated fragility of epithelial cells that is characteristic of eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Britland
- School of Pharmacy and Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD71DP, UK.
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Skudlik C, Weisshaar E, Scheidt R, Elsner P, Wulfhorst B, Schönfeld M, John SM, Diepgen TL. First results from the multicentre study Rehabilitation of Occupational Skin Diseases - Optimization and Quality Assurance of Inpatient Management (ROQ). Contact Dermatitis 2011; 66:140-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01991.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Corazza M, Borghi A, Mantovani L, Virgili A. Analysis of patch test referrals: influence of appropriateness of referrals on sensitization rate. Contact Dermatitis 2011; 66:95-100. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01987.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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van der Meer EWC, Boot CRL, Jungbauer FHW, van der Klink JJL, Rustemeyer T, Coenraads PJ, van der Gulden JW, Anema JR. Hands4U: a multifaceted strategy to implement guideline-based recommendations to prevent hand eczema in health care workers: design of a randomised controlled trial and (cost) effectiveness evaluation. BMC Public Health 2011; 11:669. [PMID: 21867490 PMCID: PMC3223855 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workers in wet work occupations have a risk for developing hand eczema. Prevention strategies exist, but compliance to the proposed recommendations is poor. Therefore, a multifaceted implementation strategy (MIS) is developed to implement these recommendations to reduce hand eczema among health care workers performing wet work. METHODS/DESIGN This study is a randomised controlled trial in three university hospitals in the Netherlands. Randomisation to the control or intervention group is performed at department level. The control group receives a leaflet containing the recommendations only. The intervention group receives the MIS which consists of five parts: 1) within a department, a participatory working group is formed to identify problems with the implementation of the recommendations, to find solutions for it and implement these solutions; 2) role models will help their colleagues in performing the desired behaviour; 3) education to all workers will enhance knowledge about (the prevention of) hand eczema; 4) reminders will be placed at the department reminding workers to use the recommendations; 5) workers receive the same leaflet as the control group containing the recommendations. Data are collected by questionnaires at baseline and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The primary outcome measure is self-reported hand eczema. The most important secondary outcome measures are symptoms of hand eczema; actual use of the recommendations; sick leave; work productivity; and health care costs.Analyses will be performed according to the intention to treat principle. Cost-effectiveness of the MIS will be evaluated from both the societal and the employer's perspective. DISCUSSION The prevention of hand eczema is important for the hospital environment. If the MIS has proven to be effective, a major improvement in the health of health care workers can be obtained. Results are expected in 2014. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NTR2812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther W C van der Meer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Cellulitis is an acute infection of the dermal and subcutaneous layers of the skin, often occurring after a local skin trauma. It is a common diagnosis in both inpatient and outpatient dermatology, as well as in the primary care setting. Cellulitis classically presents with erythema, swelling, warmth, and tenderness over the affected area. There are many other dermatologic diseases, which can present with similar findings, highlighting the need to consider a broad differential diagnosis. Some of the most common mimics of cellulitis include venous stasis dermatitis, contact dermatitis, deep vein thrombosis, and panniculitis. History, local characteristics of the affected area, systemic signs, laboratory tests, and, in some cases, skin biopsy can be helpful in confirming the correct diagnosis. Most patients can be treated as an outpatient with oral antibiotics, with dicloxacillin or cephalexin being the oral therapy of choice when methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is not a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bailey
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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Duarte I, Rotter A, Lazzarini R. Frequency of occupational contact dermatitis in an ambulatory of dermatologic allergy. An Bras Dermatol 2011; 85:455-9. [PMID: 20944905 DOI: 10.1590/s0365-05962010000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) corresponds to 80% of the cases of skin diseases related to work. OBJECTIVES To determine: the frequency of OCD in an ambulatory of allergy not specific for occupational dermatosis; the profile of these patients according to age, gender, color, profession, atopic history, duration and localization of the dermatosis; the diagnosed types of contact dermatitis; the main allergens and to compare the frequency of the main antigens with the results obtained from patients examined in the same period of time, without DCO. METHODS During the three-year period from 2003 to 2006, 630 patients were examined and submitted to a battery of standardized contact patch tests and those who were diagnosed with OCD were selected. RESULTS Sixty-nine out of the 630 patients were diagnosed with OCD. The average age was 44.5 years. Forty-eight patients (70%of the cases) presented the disease on the hands. The most prevalent activities of patients suffering from the disease were household tasks (39%) and building construction (33%). The allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) occurred in 48 cases which represent 70% of the total number of cases and irritant contact dermatitis in 21 cases corresponding to 30% of the total number of cases. The main allergens were potassium dichromate 28 (41%), nickel sulfate 16 (23%) and carba-mix 16 (23%). CONCLUSION OCD was present in 10.9% of the patients. Concerning age the group in which the disease was more commonly found corresponded to the most productive group of the population. ACD corresponded to 48 cases, probably influenced by the long period of evolution of the dermatosis. Metal and rubber chemicals were the commonest allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Duarte
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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