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Jiang W, Yang L, Liang S. Association between insulin-like growth factor-1 and ocular surface parameters in obese prepubertal boys. Eur J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s00431-024-05748-4. [PMID: 39235603 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the correlation between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and ocular surface parameters in obese prepubertal boys. Thirty obese prepubertal boys and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls underwent physical measurements, laboratory tests, and ocular surface assessments. The obese group showed lower IGF-1 levels (P = 0.001), reduced Schirmer I tear test (SIT) (P <0.001), and higher meibomian gland scores (meiboscore) compared to controls (P = 0.015). Bivariate analysis revealed a positive association between IGF-1 and SIT (r = 0.677, P < 0.001), and a negative association with between IGF-1 and meiboscore (r = - 0.487, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis indicated that IGF-1 (P < 0.001) and triglycerides (P = 0.028) independently influenced SIT. Logistic analysis showed a significant association between decreased IGF-1 and higher meiboscore values (OR 0.994, 95% confidence interval 0.988-1.000; P = 0.033). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that reduced IGF-1 in obese prepubertal boys is independently linked to decreased SIT and increased meiboscore, irrespective of obesity and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. This implies that monitoring ocular surface parameters in obese children might provide a new perspective for clinical practice to focus on. WHAT IS KNOWN • Obese children exhibit decreased levels of IGF-1, and this reduction in IGF-1 is associated with cardiovascular metabolic complications related to obesity. • Ocular surface tissues might act as targets for hormones, might experience local effects of these hormone. WHAT IS NEW • In prepubertal obese boys, the decrease in IGF-1 is independently linked to decreased SIT and increased meiboscore, irrespective of obesity and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. • This finding implies that monitoring ocular surface parameters in obese children might provide a new perspective for clinical practice to focus on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Main Street, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Nitzan I, Shakarchy N, Megreli J, Akavian I, Derazne E, Afek A, Peled A. Body mass index and visual impairment in Israeli adolescents: A nationwide study. Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13083. [PMID: 37989292 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research on the association between body mass index (BMI) and visual impairment (VI) in youth has reported inconsistent findings. We aimed to investigate this association in a national cohort of Israeli adolescents. METHODS This retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional study included 1 697 060 adolescents (56.4% men; mean age 17 years) who underwent mandatory pre-military service assessments from 1993 to 2017. BMI was classified based on the US age- and sex-matched percentiles. Unilateral or bilateral VI was classified as best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) worse than 6/9 in either or both eyes, respectively. Sex-stratified regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables were used to analyse the BMI-VI relationship. RESULTS Overall, 17 871 (1.05%) and 5148 (0.30%) adolescents had unilateral and bilateral VI, respectively. Compared with high-normal BMI (50th to 85th percentile), adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for unilateral and bilateral VI gradually increased with higher BMI, reaching 1.33 (1.13-1.55) and 1.80 (1.37-2.35) in men with severe obesity, and 1.51 (1.24-1.84) and 1.52 (1.08-2.14) in women with severe obesity, respectively. Men with underweight also had increased ORs for unilateral and bilateral VI (1.23; 1.14-1.33 and 1.59; 1.37-1.84, respectively), a pattern not observed in women (0.96; 0.86-1.07 and 1.02; 0.83-1.25, respectively). Results were maintained when the outcome was restricted to mild VI, as well as in subgroups of adolescents with unimpaired health and those without moderate-to-severe myopia. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal BMI, and particularly obesity, is associated with increased OR for VI in late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Nitzan
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine and 'Tzameret', Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nitzan Shakarchy
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine and 'Tzameret', Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Megreli
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine and 'Tzameret', Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Inbal Akavian
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine and 'Tzameret', Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arnon Afek
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Central Management, Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Alon Peled
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf-Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
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Diplotti L, Pignatto S, Franco F, Zanatta M, Veritti D, Cogo P, Lanzetta P. Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus in a pediatric population and proposals for screening and follow-up programs. Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2023; 15:25158414231174141. [PMID: 37333996 PMCID: PMC10272666 DOI: 10.1177/25158414231174141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the world's greatest health emergencies of the 21st century. Ocular complications of DM are commonly chronic and progressive, but vision loss can be effectively prevented or delayed with early detection and timely treatment. Therefore, regular comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations are mandatory. Ophthalmic screening and dedicated follow-up for adults with DM are well established, whereas, there is no consensus on optimal recommendations for the pediatric population, reflecting the lack of clarity about the current burden of disease in this age group. Objectives To determine the epidemiology of ocular complications of diabetes and to assess optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) macular features in a pediatric population with DM. To review ophthalmological screening and follow-up plans for the diabetic pediatric population. Design Observational study. Methods Retrospective consecutive cohort study of all 165 diabetic patients (330 eyes) aged 0-18 years, examined between January 2006 and September 2018 at the Pediatric Department of 'S. Maria della Misericordia' Udine Hospital who underwent at least one complete ophthalmologic examination at the Ophthalmology University Clinic at the Udine Hospital. OCT and OCTA data were available for 37 patients (72 eyes, 2 excluded). The associations between ocular complications and selected potential risk factors were evaluated by univariate analyses. Results No patient had signs of ocular diabetic complications or any macular morphological or micro-vascular impairment, regardless of any potential risk factor. The prevalence of strabismus and refractive errors in the study group, was found to be similar to non-diabetic pediatric populations. Conclusion Screening and follow-up of ocular diabetic complications in children and adolescents could be performed less frequently than in adults with diabetes. There is no need to screen potentially treatable visual disorders in diabetic children earlier or more frequently than in the healthy children thus reducing time spent in hospital and permitting a better tolerance to medical examinations in diabetic pediatric patients. We described the OCT and OCTA patterns in a pediatric population with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Diplotti
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health–IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Pignatto
- Department of Medicine–Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Franco
- Department of Paediatrics, Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario ‘Santa Maria della Misericordia’, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Manuela Zanatta
- Department of Rare Diseases, Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario ‘Santa Maria della Misericordia’, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Daniele Veritti
- Department of Medicine–Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paola Cogo
- Department of Paediatrics, Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario ‘Santa Maria della Misericordia’, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
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Dezor-Garus J, Niechciał E, Kędzia A, Gotz-Więckowska A. Obesity-induced ocular changes in children and adolescents: A review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1133965. [PMID: 37033164 PMCID: PMC10076676 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1133965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels worldwide. Overweight and obesity is associated with an increase in several inflammatory markers, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation responsible for macro- and microvascular dysfunction. While the impact of obesity on overall health is well-described, less is known about its ocular manifestations. Still, there are few studies in children and adolescents in this regard and they are inconsistent. However, some evidence suggests a significant role of overnutrition in the development of changes in retinal microvasculature parameters (wider venules, narrower arterioles, lower arteriovenous ratio). Higher values of intraocular pressure were found to be positively correlated with high body mass index (BMI) as well as obesity. In addition, the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) values seem to be lower in obese children, and there is a significant negative correlation between RNFL values and anthropometric and/or metabolic parameters. Changes also could be present in macular retinal thickness and choroidal thickness as well as in the retinal vessel density in children with obesity. However, these associations were not consistently documented. The purpose of this review is to present the most current issues on child obesity and the related potential ocular effects through an overview of international publications from the years 1992-2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dezor-Garus
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: Julia Dezor-Garus
| | - Elżbieta Niechciał
- Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Clinical Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kędzia
- Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Clinical Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Gotz-Więckowska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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5
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Han S, Leng Z, Li X, Yan W, Shen S, Liu L, Zhu H, Huang D, Liu H. Retinochoroidal microvascular changes in newly developed obese children: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:443. [PMCID: PMC9670671 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Childhood obesity was associated with retinochoroidal microvascular changes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), but obesity duration was neglected. Obesity is chronic and progressive and obesity duration is related to microvascular function. Thus, it is important to identify microvascular changes in obese children timely to allow possible interventions with the increase in the number of obese children. This pilot study aimed to characterize retinochoroidal microvascular changes in newly developed obese children compared to age- and sex-matched controls.
Methods
Forty newly developed obese children and 40 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. All subjects completed comprehensive eye examinations, including axial length, cycloplegic refraction, optical coherence tomography angiography scans (AngioVue; Optovue Inc), etc.
Results
There were no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of month age (P = 0.927), spherical equivalent refraction (P = 0.753) and axial length (P = 0.196). Newly developed obese children had lower vessel density (VD) in the inferior parafovea (P = 0.026), nasal parafovea (P = 0.038) and temporal perifovea (P = 0.026) of deep vascular complex (DVC), higher VD in the fovea of superficial vascular complex (P = 0.021) and the fovea of DVC (P = 0.016), and smaller foveal avascular zone (P = 0.003) when compared to controls. Also, no apparent differences in any quadrant of total retinal thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and choriocapillaries fow voids were detected (all P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Retinochoroidal microvascular changes had already occurred in newly developed obese children, so early screening and close follow-up eye examinations were recommended; Retinal microvascular insult may precede its structural change and that retina may be a better candidate to predict the onset of retinochoroidal microvascular changes than choroid in obese children.
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Salehi MA, Karimi A, Mohammadi S, Arevalo JF. Spectral-domain OCT measurements in obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267495. [PMID: 35476846 PMCID: PMC9045631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies proposed possible applications of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements in prognosticating pathologies observed in overweight/obesity, including ocular, vascular, and neurologic consequences. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the changes in the in SD-OCT measurements of the patients with higher body mass index (BMI) compared to normal weight individuals. Materials and methods We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. The search results underwent two-phase title/abstract and full-text screenings. We then analyzed SD-OCT measurements differences in patients with high BMI and controls, and performed meta-regression, sub-group analysis, quality assessment, and publication bias assessment. The measurements included macular thickness, cup to disc ratio, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and its sub-sectors, RNFL and peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL) and their sub-layers, and choroidal thickness and its sub-sectors. Results 19 studies were included in this meta-analysis accounting for 1813 individuals, 989 cases and 824 controls. There was an overall trend towards decreased thickness in high BMI patients, but only two measurements reached statistical significance: temporal retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) (Standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.53 to -0.14, p<0.01) and the choroidal region 1.0 mm nasal to fovea (SMD: -0.38, 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.16, p<0.01). Conclusion Some ocular layers are thinner in patients with higher BMI than the controls. These SD-OCT measurements might correlate with adverse events related to increased body weight and have prognostic abilities. As SD-OCT is a robust, rapid and non-invasive tool, future guidelines and studies are needed to evaluate the possibility of their integration into care of the patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amirali Karimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - J. Fernando Arevalo
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
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Celik G, Gunay M, Ozcabi B, Gulturk U, Kizilay O, Vural A, Ozkul Saglam N, Papatya Cakir ED, Palabiyik F, Onal Gunay B, Yigit FU. Evaluation of the impact of childhood obesity on retrobulbar hemodynamics and retinal microvasculature. Eur J Ophthalmol 2022; 32:3556-3563. [PMID: 35243922 DOI: 10.1177/11206721221086244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in retrobulbar ocular blood flow parameters by using Colour Doppler Imaging (CDI) and changes in foveal microvasculature by using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in pediatric obese patients and to compare them with a group of healthy children. METHODS Children diagnosed with obesity without hypertension and diabetes (39 subjects, obese group) and age-matched healthy controls (26 subjects, control group) underwent CDI and OCTA imaging. Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity and resistivity index from ophthalmic, central retinal and posterior ciliary arteries on CDI; superficial and deep capillary plexus vascular density and foveal avascular zone area on OCTA imaging were obtained in each group. Central foveal and subfoveal choroidal thicknesses were also measured. CDI and OCTA parameters were compared between two groups. RESULTS Peak systolic and end-diastolic velocities were found to be significantly lower in obese children than in controls in all three examined arteries (p < 0.05). Resistivity index values were similar between the groups. OCTA imaging did not reveal significant changes in superficial and deep capillary plexus vascular densities and foveal avascular zone area across analysed retinal regions between the groups. Subfoveal choroid was thicker in obese group than in control group (325.89 ± 52.77 µm vs. 304.52 ± 21.76 µm, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION An apparent decrease was present in retrobulbar hemodynamics in obese children. This arises the possibility of early ocular macrovascular compromise rather than retinal microvascular impairment in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Celik
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, 147023Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Gunay
- Department of Ophthalmology, 64255Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Bahar Ozcabi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Yeni Yuzyil University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulas Gulturk
- Department of Radiology, University of Health Sciences, 147005Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Kizilay
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, 147023Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Vural
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, 147005Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Ozkul Saglam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences, 147005Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Deniz Papatya Cakir
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Health Sciences, 147005Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Figen Palabiyik
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Health Sciences, 147005Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Onal Gunay
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, 64256Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Fadime Ulviye Yigit
- Department of Ophthalmology, Halic University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Askarizadeh F, Heirani M, Khorrami-Nejad M, Narooie-Noori F, Khabazkhoob M, Ostadrahimi A. Is there any connection between choroidal thickness and obesity? Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2022; 14:25158414221100649. [PMID: 35795720 PMCID: PMC9251961 DOI: 10.1177/25158414221100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a health-threatening and epidemic medical condition that can affect individuals of different ages and is potentially associated with an increased risk of systemic and ocular disorders. Despite the well-documented adverse effects of obesity on different parts of the body vasculature, less published data are available concerning obesity-related consequences on the ocular vasculature. As the human choroid is a highly vascularized tissue, its morphology and function might be altered in obese individuals. The micro-structural changes within the choroid could also trigger development of subsequent functional abnormalities of the eye. Previous population-based studies have asserted an association between obesity and choroidal thickness; however, they reported conflicting patterns of association between obesity and changes in choroidal thickness. Therefore, to enhance our understanding of the changes in choroidal morphology secondary to obesity, we reviewed studies describing the micro-structural consequences of obesity on the choroidal thickness profile and its underlying physiological and anatomical basis. This review includes all original publications related to the association between choroidal thickness and obesity published until mid-2021 that were indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, or Scopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Askarizadeh
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Khorrami-Nejad
- Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foroozan Narooie-Noori
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNoor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Aydemir GA, Aydemir E, Asik A, Bolu S. Changes in ocular pulse amplitude and choroidal thickness in childhood obesity patients with and without insulin resistance. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:2018-2025. [PMID: 34382437 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211039337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare choroidal thickness (CT) and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) in childhood obesity with insulin resistance (IR) and without IR. METHODS Seventy-three childhood obesity and 62 healthy children, who were both age-matched and gender-matched, comprised the study population in this prospective study. Obesity was determined as having a body mass index (BMI) - standard deviation (SD) score that was > 2 SD.Intraocular pressure (IOP) and OPA were measured using a dynamic contour tonometer. The CT measurements were performed using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography at three locations, comprising at the fovea, at a position 500 µm nasal, and also at a position 500 µm temporal to the fovea. RESULTS Mean BMI value was 28.72 ± 4.85 in the patients with childhood obesity and 21.47 ± 1.14 in the control group. The mean IOP and OPA values were determined 15.90 ± 2.30 and 14.10 ± 2.16 mm Hg, 1.50 ± 0.28 and 1.74 ± 0.32 mm Hg in the patients with childhood obesity and the control group, respectively (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The mean subfoveal CT value was 350.50 ± 81.51 μm in the eyes with childhood obesity and 390.02 ± 71.50 μm in those of the control group (p = 0.003). When the patient groups with and without IR were compared, no significant difference was found between CT, OPA and IOP values (p > 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that both OPA and CT values were significantly decreased in childhood obesity patients. We suggest further studies to verify longitudinal changes in OPA and CT, as also the evaluation of these parameters in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Aksoy Aydemir
- Ophthalmology Department, Adıyaman University Education and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Emre Aydemir
- Ophthalmology Department, Adıyaman University Education and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Abdulvahit Asik
- Department of Pediatrics, Adıyaman University Education and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Semih Bolu
- Department of Pediatrics, Adıyaman University Education and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
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10
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Dereli Can G, Kara Ö, Can ME. High body weight-related retinal vasculopathy in children with obesity. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:11206721211006570. [PMID: 33789499 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211006570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the microvascular alterations in both macula and peripapillary region in obese children. METHODS We included a total of 222 eyes of 111 children (54 obese children and 57 healthy subjects). Capillary vessel density (VD) of superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) retinal capillary plexuses were measured in macular slabs. Peripapillary region was also evaluated. The FAZ parameters were measured based on the whole retinal slab. A commercial optical coherence tomography-angiography system was used. RESULTS The mean ages were 13.33 ± 2.55 years (range, 8-17) and 13.41 ± 2.90 years (range, 7-18) in patients with obesity and healthy controls, respectively (p = 0.84). The mean area of the FAZ were 0.278 ± 0.10 mm2 and 0.272 ± 0.11 mm2 in children with obesity and in control participants, respectively (p = 0.68). There were significant increases in the superior region of the parafoveal VD of SCP (p = 0.008 for superior hemisphere and p = 0.003 for superior quadrant). There was no significant difference in any measure of the macular DCP and peripapillary region (p > 0.05, for all). CONCLUSION Increased vascular density measurements were found in the superior part of the parafoveal region of SCP in children with obesity. The results of the study should be taken into consideration during the course of the disease to define whole systemic response to obesity in childhood and will be of interest for pediatrician's clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Özlem Kara
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erol Can
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
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11
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Uslu Dogan C, Culha D. Subfoveal choroidal thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in young obese males. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 31:3190-3195. [PMID: 33334163 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120982899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regarding the effect of obesity on subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, controversial results have been reported in different patient groups. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity on these parameters among young male subjects in comparison with age-matched non-obese healthy males. METHODS This prospective, cross-sectional study included both eyes of 50 obese young males and 50 healthy non-obese young males. The obese and the non-obese groups included subjects with a BMI of ⩾30 and ⩽25 kg/m², respectively. Subfoveal choroidal thickness and RNFL analyses were conducted by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). RESULTS Subfoveal choroidal thickness (321.0 ± 46.7 vs 338.4±35.3, p = 0.002) and RNFL thickness at temporal quadrant (73.4 ± 9.9 vs 76.4 ± 9.3, p = 0.008) was significantly lower in the obese group when compared to the non-obese group. The groups did not differ regarding peripapillary RNFL thickness at other quadrants (superior, inferior, or nasal) or regarding mean peripapillary RNFL thickness. CONCLUSION Findings of this study demonstrated a negative correlation of obesity with subfoveal choroidal thickness and temporal quadrant peripapillary RNFL thickness. Larger studies on different patient groups with longer-term follow-up are warranted to better elucidate the ophthalmological effects of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Uslu Dogan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Damla Culha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sousa‐Sá E, Zhang Z, Pereira JR, Wright IM, Okely AD, Santos R. Systematic review on retinal microvasculature, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and adiposity in children and adolescents. Acta Paediatr 2020; 109:1956-1973. [PMID: 31998981 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM As retinal microvasculature (RMV) can be assessed non-invasively, it presents an opportunity to examine the health and disease of the human microcirculation, as RMV alterations have been recognised as one of the earliest signs of cardiovascular risk. This review summarises current literature on the associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and/or adiposity and RMV in children and adolescents aged 0-18 years. METHODS Six databases were searched (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO and CINAHL), through to December 11, 2019. English, Portuguese, French, Spanish or Dutch were the languages searched. Meta-analyses were performed using the meta-analyst software. RESULTS A total of 6796 studies were screened, and 26 studies were included, representing 24 448 participants, from 12 different countries. Studies reporting results on weight status were twenty-three, PA was assessed in six studies, and SB was assessed in three studies. Four studies examined weight status and PA/SB. Meta-analysis was performed for two studies and showed that children with obesity have smaller retinal arterioles (-2.38 µm difference, 95% CI 0.62, 4.15 µm) and larger retinal venules (2.74 µm difference, 95% CI -4.78, -0.72 µm) than children without obesity. CONCLUSION Results showed that adiposity was associated with microvascular alterations in children and adolescents. Increased adiposity, lack of PA and high levels of SB were negatively correlated with vessel width parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Sousa‐Sá
- Early Start University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Early Start University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - João R. Pereira
- Early Start University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Ian M. Wright
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - Anthony D. Okely
- Early Start University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - Rute Santos
- Early Start University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure University of Porto Porto Portugal
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Öztürk H, Özen B, Çatlı G, Dündar BN. Macular Variability in Children and Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study Examining the Associations with Anthropometric Measurements, Metabolic Parameters and Inflammatory Markers. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2020; 12:63-70. [PMID: 31434461 PMCID: PMC7127882 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2019.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macular damage may be observed in obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition which leads to chronic subclinical inflammation and affects most organ systems. To investigate the association between macular variability and anthropometric measurements, metabolic parameters, and inflammatory markers in children and adolescents with MetS. METHODS Two hundred and twenty eyes of 62 obese and 48 healthy children and adolescents were examined. Bilateral macular retinal thickness (MRT) and macular retinal volume (MRV) were measured in all subjects using optical coherence tomography. Associations between mean MRT and mean MRV and age, auxological measurements including body mass index standard deviation scores (BMI-SDS) and waist circumference-SDS (WC-SDS), metabolic parameters and inflammatory parameters including neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SIII) were investigated. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of age or sex distribution (p>0.05). Mean MRT (r=-0.326, p=0.007) and MRV (r=-0.303, p=0.007) values in the obese group with MetS decreased as homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values increased. SIII values were higher in obese groups, but particularly in obese subject with MetS, compared to the control group (p=0.021). The decrease in mean MRT (r=-0.544, p=0.046) and MRV (r=-0.651, p=0.031) in the obese subjects with MetS was negatively correlated with NLR. Mean MRT and MRV decreased in all obese subjects as SIII increased (p<0.05). CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that mean MRT and MRV values decrease as BMI-SDS, WC-SDS and HOMA-IR increase in obese children and adolescents with MetS. NLR and SIII may serve as markers of chronic inflammation in obese children with MetS associated with macular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Öztürk
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Ophthalmology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bediz Özen
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Ophthalmology, İzmir, Turkey,* Address for Correspondence: University of Health Sciences Turkey, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Ophthalmology, İzmir, Turkey Phone: +90 232 469 69 69 E-mail:
| | - Gönül Çatlı
- İzmir Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bumin N. Dündar
- İzmir Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
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Lipecz A, Miller L, Kovacs I, Czakó C, Csipo T, Baffi J, Csiszar A, Tarantini S, Ungvari Z, Yabluchanskiy A, Conley S. Microvascular contributions to age-related macular degeneration (AMD): from mechanisms of choriocapillaris aging to novel interventions. GeroScience 2019; 41:813-845. [PMID: 31797238 PMCID: PMC6925092 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging of the microcirculatory network plays a central role in the pathogenesis of a wide range of age-related diseases, from heart failure to Alzheimer's disease. In the eye, changes in the choroid and choroidal microcirculation (choriocapillaris) also occur with age, and these changes can play a critical role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In order to develop novel treatments for amelioration of choriocapillaris aging and prevention of AMD, it is essential to understand the cellular and functional changes that occur in the choroid and choriocapillaris during aging. In this review, recent advances in in vivo analysis of choroidal structure and function in AMD patients and patients at risk for AMD are discussed. The pathophysiological roles of fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired resistance to molecular stressors in the choriocapillaris are also considered in terms of their contribution to the pathogenesis of AMD. The pathogenic roles of cardiovascular risk factors that exacerbate microvascular aging processes, such as smoking, hypertension, and obesity as they relate to AMD and choroid and choriocapillaris changes in patients with these cardiovascular risk factors, are also discussed. Finally, future directions and opportunities to develop novel interventions to prevent/delay AMD by targeting fundamental cellular and molecular aging processes are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Lipecz
- Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Josa Andras Hospital, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lauren Miller
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd. BMSB553, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Illes Kovacs
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Cecília Czakó
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Csipo
- Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Baffi
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Translational Geroscience Laboratory, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shannon Conley
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd. BMSB553, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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Topcu-Yilmaz P, Akyurek N, Erdogan E. The effect of obesity and insulin resistance on macular choroidal thickness in a pediatric population as assessed by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 31:855-860. [PMID: 29935116 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the macular choroidal thickness in obese children with and without insulin resistance (IR). METHODS Thirty-six patients with obesity and 26 healthy volunteers were included in this cross-sectional study. The choroidal thickness was measured with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) at the fovea and at positions 500 μm, 1000 μm, 1500 μm nasal and temporal to the fovea. The choroidal thickness measurements of the groups were compared and the correlation between the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and choroidal thickness values was evaluated. RESULTS The average choroidal thickness in the obese group was significantly lower than that of controls at locations 1000 μm (303.31±58.52 vs. 340.58±69.47, p=0.026) and 1500 μm (284.14±65.06 vs. 336.85±71.37, p=0.004) temporal to the fovea. A subgroup analysis depending on the presence of IR revealed that the choroidal thickness measurements at all positions were thinner in obese children without IR compared to children with IR and healthy controls. This thinning reached a statistical significance at locations 500 μm temporal, 1000 μm temporal and 1500 μm temporal to the fovea (p=0.03, p=0.009 and p=0.006; respectively). There was a moderate correlation between the choroidal thickness measurements and HOMA-IR values (r-values between 0.37 and 0.48; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that obesity and IR may have an influence on the choroidal thickness in children. Longitudinal studies will clarify whether these choroidal changes are progressive and are a sign of microvascular dysfunction in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Topcu-Yilmaz
- Konya Research and Training Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Nesibe Akyurek
- Konya Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erkan Erdogan
- Konya Research and Training Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Konya, Turkey
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Battal F, Aylanç H, Yıldırım Ş, Ekim Y, Sılan F, Özdemir Ö. Macular and choroidal thickness of children with Familial Mediterranean Fever gene mutation. FAMILY PRACTICE AND PALLIATIVE CARE 2018. [DOI: 10.22391/fppc.368676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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17
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Hanumunthadu D, Ruiz-Medrano J, Dumpala S, Jabeen A, Jabeen A, Goud A, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Chhablani J. Comparison of choroidal vessel thickness in children and adult eyes by enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography imaging. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:681-686. [PMID: 29675391 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.04.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate choroidal thickness, medium choroidal vessel thickness (MCVT) and large choroidal vessel thickness (LCVT) in normal children and adult subjects. METHODS Manual measurements of subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), MCVT and LCVT at subfoveal and 750 µm nasal and temporal to fovea locations were completed on enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) scans of normal children and adult subjects. RESULTS Fifty adult and fifty-seven child subjects were included in the study (including 80 adult and 103 child eyes). Mean (±SD) SFCT of adult and children eyes in the study was 309.3±95.7 µm and 279.3±50.4 µm respectively. SFCT and subfoveal MCVT in adult eyes were significantly more than children (P=0.01 and P≤0.0001 respectively). CONCLUSION There is choroidal thickening with associated thickening of medium choroidal vessels in adults, suggesting that there is alteration in choroidal vasculature with ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daren Hanumunthadu
- Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Medrano
- Ophthalmology Unit, Clínico San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Alicante Institute of Ophthalmology, Vissum Corporation, Alicante 03016, Spain
| | - Sunila Dumpala
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Ayesha Jabeen
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Asiya Jabeen
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Abhilash Goud
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - José M Ruiz-Moreno
- Alicante Institute of Ophthalmology, Vissum Corporation, Alicante 03016, Spain.,Department of Ophthalmology, Castilla La Mancha University, Albacete 13071, Spain
| | - Jay Chhablani
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
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Optical Coherence Tomography Parameters in Morbidly Obese Patients Who Underwent Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. J Ophthalmol 2016; 2016:5302368. [PMID: 27413543 PMCID: PMC4928002 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5302368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To investigate changes in optical coherence tomography parameters in morbidly obese patients who had undergone laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods. A total of 41 eyes of 41 morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥ 40) who had undergone LSG were included in study. The topographic optic disc parameters, central macular thickness (CMT), total macular volume (TMV), and retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL) were measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured by enhanced deep imaging-optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Results. The mean CMT was 237.4 ± 24.5 μm, 239.3 ± 24.1 μm, and 240.4 ± 24.5 μm preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively (p < 0.01). The mean TMV was 9.88 ± 0.52 mm3, 9.96 ± 0.56 mm3, and 9.99 ± 0.56 mm3 preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively (p < 0.01). The mean RGCL was 81.2 ± 6.5 μm, 82.7 ± 6.6 μm, and 82.9 ± 6.5 μm preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively (p < 0.01). The mean SFCT was 309.8 ± 71.8 μm, 331.0 ± 81.4 μm, and 352.7 ± 81.4 μm preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and 6 months postoperatively, respectively (p < 0.01). No statistically significant differences were found between the preoperative values and 3- and 6-month postoperative values in rim area (p = 0.34), disc area (p = 0.64), vertical cup/disc ratio (p = 0.39), cup volume (p = 0.08), or retinal nerve fiber layer (p = 0.90). Conclusions. Morbidly obese patients who undergo LSG experience a statistically significant increase in CMT, TMV, SFCT, and RGCL at 3 months and 6 months after surgery.
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