1
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Tini G, Cristiano E, Zampieri M, Ponziani A, Porcari A, Zanoletti M, Mazzoni C, Sclafani M, Saturi G, Lalario A, Labate ME, Autore C, Barbato E, Perfetto F, Biagini E, Sinagra G, Canepa M, Merlo M, Longhi S, Cappelli F, Musumeci B. Impact of the Noninvasive Diagnostic Algorithm on Clinical Presentation and Prognosis in Cardiac Amyloidosis. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:101232. [PMID: 39290816 PMCID: PMC11405895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Background The introduction of a noninvasive diagnostic algorithm in 2016 led to increased awareness and recognition of cardiac amyloidosis (CA). Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the introduction of the noninvasive diagnostic algorithm on diagnosis and prognosis in a multicenter Italian CA cohort. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of 887 CA patients from 5 Italian Cardiomyopathies Referral Centers: 311 light-chain CA, 87 variant transthyretin (TTR)-related CA, 489 wild-type TTR-related CA. Clinical characteristics and outcomes (all-cause mortality and heart failure [HF] hospitalizations) were compared overall and for each CA subtype between patients diagnosed before versus after 2016. Outcomes were further compared by propensity score weighted Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. Results CA diagnoses increased after 2016, in particular for wild-type TTR-related CA. Patients diagnosed after versus before 2016 were older, had less frequently a history of HF prior to diagnosis, and NYHA functional class III-IV at diagnosis. Over a median follow-up of 18 months, 172 (86%) patients diagnosed before 2016 died or had an HF hospitalization, versus 300 (44%) diagnosed after 2016. Propensity score weighted Kaplan-Meier analysis showed worse outcomes (P < 0.001) for patients diagnosed before 2016. At Cox regression analysis, CA diagnosis after 2016 was an independent protective factor for the composite outcome (HR: 0.69; P = 0.001), with interaction by CA subtype (significant in TTR-related CA and null in light-chain). Conclusions CA patients diagnosed after 2016 showed a less severe phenotype and a better prognosis. The impact of the noninvasive diagnostic algorithm on outcomes was particularly relevant in TTR-related CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Tini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Cristiano
- Department of Electrophysiology, Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mattia Zampieri
- Cardiomyopathy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Tuscan Regional Amyloid Center, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Ponziani
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aldostefano Porcari
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
- Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Margherita Zanoletti
- Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Carlotta Mazzoni
- Cardiomyopathy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Tuscan Regional Amyloid Center, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Sclafani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Saturi
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Lalario
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
- Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Camillo Autore
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Perfetto
- Tuscan Regional Amyloid Center, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Biagini
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
- Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Canepa
- Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Cardiovascular Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Merlo
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
- Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Longhi
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - Francesco Cappelli
- Cardiomyopathy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Tuscan Regional Amyloid Center, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Beatrice Musumeci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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2
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Bi K, Wan K, Xu Y, Wang J, Li W, Guo J, Xu Z, Li Y, Deng Q, Cheng W, Sun J, Chen Y. Pulmonary Transit Time Derived from First-Pass Perfusion Cardiac MR Imaging: A Potential New Marker for Cardiac Involvement and Prognosis in Light-Chain Amyloidosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 60:999-1010. [PMID: 37972587 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-pass perfusion cardiac MR imaging could reflect pulmonary hemodynamics. However, the clinical value of pulmonary transit time (PTT) derived from first-pass perfusion MRI in light-chain (AL) amyloidosis requires further evaluation. PURPOSE To assess the clinical and prognostic value of PTT in patients with AL amyloidosis. STUDY TYPE Prospective observational study. POPULATION 226 biopsy-proven systemic AL amyloidosis patients (age 58.62 ± 10.10 years, 135 males) and 43 healthy controls (age 42 ± 16.2 years, 20 males). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE SSFP cine and phase sensitive inversion recovery late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences, and multislice first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging with a saturation recovery turbo fast low-angle shot (SR-TurboFLASH) pulse sequence at 3.0T. ASSESSMENT PTT was measured as the time interval between the peaks of right and left ventricular cavity arterial input function curves on first-pass perfusion MR images. STATISTICAL TESTS Independent-sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance, or Kruskal-Wallis test, as appropriate; univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier curves, area under receiver operating characteristic curve were used to determine statistical significance. RESULTS PTT could differentiate AL amyloidosis patients with (N = 188) and without (N = 38) cardiac involvement (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.839). During a median follow-up of 35 months, 160 patients (70.8%) demonstrated all-cause mortality. After adjustments for clinical (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.061, confidence interval [CI]: 1.021-1.102), biochemical (HR 1.055, CI: 1.014-1.097), cardiac MRI-derived (HR 1.077, CI: 1.034-1.123), and therapeutic (HR 1.063, CI: 1.024-1.103) factors, PTT predicted mortality independently in patients with AL amyloidosis. Finally, PTT could identify worse outcomes in patients demonstrating New York Heart Association class III, Mayo 2004 stage III, and transmural LGE pattern. DATA CONCLUSION PTT may serve as a new imaging predictor of cardiac involvement and prognosis in AL amyloidosis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Bi
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Wan
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanwei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihao Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Guo
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangjie Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Deng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Alonso M, Neicheril RK, Manla Y, McDonald ML, Sanchez A, Lafave G, Seijo De Armas Y, Camargo AL, Uppal D, Wolinsky D, Thakkar-Rivera N, Velez M, Baran DA, Estep JD, Snipelisky D. Transthyretin cardiac amyloid: Broad heart failure phenotypic spectrum and implications for diagnosis. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 39180423 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) is most often associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, patients may present with impaired systolic function at the time of diagnosis, which has not been widely investigated. We sought to explore the prevalence of various heart failure (HF) phenotypes and their associated clinical characteristics at the time of ATTR-CA diagnosis. METHODS We performed a single-centre retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with ATTR-CA evaluated between February 2016 and December 2022. Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, imaging and laboratory findings were compared across HF phenotypes (age: 78.1 ± 8.6 years, with 91.1% male). A total of 21.6% (n = 46) presented with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 17.8% (n = 38) with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and 60.6% (n = 129) with HFpEF at the time of diagnosis with ATTR-CA. Those presenting with HFrEF or HFmrEF were more likely to be African American and had significantly worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and higher serum creatinine levels as compared with those with HFpEF. CONCLUSIONS Although ATTR-CA is traditionally thought to be seen primarily among patients with HFpEF, our data suggest that ATTR-CA has a higher prevalence among patients with HFrEF, which underscores the importance of heightened clinical suspicion regardless of ejection fraction when considering ATTR-CA. Furthermore, although comorbidities are similar, patients with HFmrEF and HFrEF had a worse symptom burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mileydis Alonso
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Radhika K Neicheril
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Yosef Manla
- Department of Cardiology, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Malcolm L McDonald
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Alejandro Sanchez
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Gabrielle Lafave
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Yelenis Seijo De Armas
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Antonio Lewis Camargo
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Dipan Uppal
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - David Wolinsky
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Nina Thakkar-Rivera
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Mauricio Velez
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - David A Baran
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - Jerry D Estep
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - David Snipelisky
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
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4
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Pozzan M, Indennidate C, Varrà GG, Sinagra G, Merlo M, Pagura L. Amyloidosis and Amyloidogenesis: One Name, Many Diseases. Heart Fail Clin 2024; 20:249-260. [PMID: 38844296 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a heterogenous group of disorders, caused by the deposition of insoluble fibrils derived from misfolded proteins in the extracellular space of various organs. These proteins have an unstable structure that causes them to misfold, aggregate, and deposit as amyloid fibrils with the pathognomonic histologic property of green birefringence when viewed under cross-polarized light after staining with Congo red. Amyloid fibrils are insoluble and degradation-resistant; resistance to catabolism results in progressive tissue amyloid accumulation. The outcome of this process is organ disfunction independently from the type of deposited protein, however there can be organ that are specifically targeted from certain proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pozzan
- Cardiovascular Department, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Carla Indennidate
- Cardiovascular Department, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Guerino Giuseppe Varrà
- Cardiovascular Department, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Marco Merlo
- Cardiovascular Department, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, Trieste 34100, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD Heart Via P. Valdoni 7 Trieste 34100, Italy.
| | - Linda Pagura
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Via P. Valdoni 7, Trieste 34100, Italy
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5
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Lalario A, Saro R, Sinagra G, Merlo M, Porcari A. Clinical Use of Biomarkers in Cardiac Amyloidosis. Heart Fail Clin 2024; 20:283-294. [PMID: 38844299 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a systemic condition characterized by multiple organs involvement. A multidisciplinary and multimodal approach in assessing patients is pivotal and recommended by the international scientific societies. Biomarkers represent an essential noninvasive tool to increase the suspicion of disease and orient further workup and clinical management of patients. This review provides an updated contemporary focus on the clinical use of biomarkers in cardiac amyloidosis, emphasizing their role in both the diagnostic and prognostic setting and discussing future perspective of emerging biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lalario
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Saro
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Merlo
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aldostefano Porcari
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERN GUARD-Heart, Via P. Valdoni 7, 34100, Trieste, Italy; National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK.
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6
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Cheng R, Kittleson MM, Wechalekar AD, Alvarez-Cardona J, Mitchell JD, Scarlatelli Macedo AV, Dutra JPP, Campbell CM, Liu JE, Landau HJ, Davis MK, Morrissey S, Casselli S, Lousada I, Seabra-Garcez JD, Szor RS, Ganatra S, Trachtenberg B, Maurer MS, Stockerl-Goldstein K, Lenihan D. Moving towards establishing centres of excellence in cardiac amyloidosis: an International Cardio-Oncology Society statement. Heart 2024; 110:823-830. [PMID: 38267197 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of amyloidosis has been increasing, driven by a combination of improved awareness, evolution of diagnostic pathways, and effective treatment options for both transthyretin and light chain amyloidosis. Due to the complexity of amyloidosis, centralised expert providers with experience in delineating the nuances of confirmatory diagnosis and management may be beneficial. There are many potential benefits of a centre of excellence designation for the treatment of amyloidosis including recognition of institutions that have been leading the way for the optimal treatment of this condition, establishing the expectations for any centre who is engaging in the treatment of amyloidosis and developing cooperative groups to allow more effective research in this disease space. Standardising the expectations and criteria for these centres is essential for ensuring the highest quality of clinical care and community education. In order to define what components are necessary for an effective centre of excellence for the treatment of amyloidosis, we prepared a survey in cooperation with a multidisciplinary panel of amyloidosis experts representing an international consortium. The purpose of this position statement is to identify the essential elements necessary for highly effective clinical care and to develop a general standard with which practices or institutions could be recognised as a centre of excellence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Ashutosh D Wechalekar
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London (Royal Free Campus), London, UK
| | - Jose Alvarez-Cardona
- Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua D Mitchell
- Cardiology/IM, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Joao Pedro Passos Dutra
- Center for Oncological Research (CEPON) and SOS Cardio Hospital in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Courtney M Campbell
- Baylor Scott and White Heart and Vascular Hospital, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer E Liu
- Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Heather J Landau
- Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Margot K Davis
- Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sarju Ganatra
- Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Mathew S Maurer
- Center for Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Daniel Lenihan
- Cardiology, International Cardio-Oncology Society and St Frances Healthcare, Cape Girardeau, Missouri, USA
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7
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Stern LK, Grodin JL, Maurer MS, Ruberg FL, Patel AR, Khouri MG, Roth LR, Aras MA, Bhardwaj A, Bhattacharya P, Brailovsky Y, Drachman BM, Ebong IA, Fine NM, Gaggin H, Gopal D, Griffin J, Judge D, Kim P, Mitchell J, Mitter SS, Mohan RC, Ramos H, Reyentovich A, Sheikh FH, Sperry B, Carter S, Urey M, Vaishnav J, Vest AR, Kittleson MM, Patel JK. The Cardiac Amyloidosis Registry Study (CARS): Rationale, Design and Methodology. J Card Fail 2024; 30:669-678. [PMID: 37907148 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CARS (Cardiac Amyloidosis Registry Study) is a multicenter registry established in 2019 that includes patients with transthyretin (ATTR, wild-type and variant) and light chain (AL) cardiac amyloidosis (CA) evaluated at major amyloidosis centers between 1997 and 2025. CARS aims to describe the natural history of CA with attention to clinical and diagnostic variables at the time of diagnosis, real-world treatment patterns, and associated outcomes of patients in a diverse cohort that is more representative of the at-risk population than that described in CA clinical trials. METHODS AND RESULTS This article describes the design and methodology of CARS, including procedures for data collection and preliminary results. As of February 2023, 20 centers in the United States enrolled 1415 patients, including 1155 (82%) with ATTR and 260 (18%) with AL CA. Among those with ATTR, wild-type is the most common ATTR (71%), and most of the 305 patients with variant ATTR have the p.V142I mutation (68%). A quarter of the total population identifies as Black. More individuals with AL are female (39%) compared to those with ATTR (13%). CONCLUSIONS CARS will answer crucial clinical questions about CA natural history and permit comparison of different therapeutics not possible through current clinical trials. Future international collaboration will further strengthen the validity of observations of this increasingly recognized condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily K Stern
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justin L Grodin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mathew S Maurer
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frederick L Ruberg
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine and Amyloidosis Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayan R Patel
- Division of Cardiology, The CardioVascular Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michel G Khouri
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lori R Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mandar A Aras
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anju Bhardwaj
- Department of Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priyanka Bhattacharya
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yevgeniy Brailovsky
- Division of Cardiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian M Drachman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Imo A Ebong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nowell M Fine
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hanna Gaggin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepa Gopal
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine and Amyloidosis Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan Griffin
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Daniel Judge
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Paul Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Mitchell
- Cardiovascular Division, John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Cardio-Oncology Center of Excellence, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sumeet S Mitter
- Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajeev C Mohan
- Division of Cardiology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hannia Ramos
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Alex Reyentovich
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Farooq H Sheikh
- Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy and Advanced Heart Failure Programs, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brett Sperry
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and the University of Kansas City-Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Spencer Carter
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marcus Urey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joban Vaishnav
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amanda R Vest
- Division of Cardiology, The CardioVascular Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle M Kittleson
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jignesh K Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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8
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Westin OM, Clemmensen TS, Hansen AT, Gustafsson F, Poulsen SH. Familial occurrences of cardiac wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis: a case series. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2024; 8:ytae199. [PMID: 38765770 PMCID: PMC11099943 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytae199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Cardiomyopathy caused by aggregation and deposition of transthyretin amyloid fibrils in the heart (ATTR-CM) is divided into a hereditary (ATTRv) and a wild-type (ATTRwt) forms. While ATTR-CM has been considered a rare disease, recent studies suggest that it is severely underdiagnosed and an important cause of heart failure in elderly patients. Familial occurrence is implicit in ATTRv, but it is not expected in ATTRwt. Case summary We report a case series of two unrelated families each with two brothers diagnosed with ATTRwt. Genetic testing did not reveal mutations in the transthyretin gene. Family screening with electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and genetic testing did not raise any suspicion of ATTR in first-line family members. Discussion Familial occurrence of a rare, non-hereditary disease is statistically unlikely. Two siblings in two different families diagnosed with ATTRwt highlight that the aetiology of ATTRwt is poorly understood, and that genetic factors distinct from mutations in the transthyretin gene, as well as environmental factors, might contribute to the pathogenesis. Identifying such factors might reveal new therapeutic targets. To investigate this further, clinicians need to be aware of the possibility of familial occurrence of ATTRwt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M Westin
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tor S Clemmensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tybjærg Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Gustafsson
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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9
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Enríquez-Vázquez D, Gómez-Martín C, Barge-Caballero G, Barge-Caballero E, López-Pérez M, Bilbao-Quesada R, González-Babarro E, Gómez-Otero I, López-López A, Gutiérrez-Feijoo M, Varela-Román A, Crespo-Leiro MG. [Incidence and causes of hospitalization in patients with transthyretin (ATTR-CA) and light chain (AL-CA) cardiac amyloidosis]. Med Clin (Barc) 2024; 162:e1-e7. [PMID: 38423944 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJETIVES Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a disorder associated with high number of hospital admissions. Given the scarce information available, we propose an analysis of the incidence and causes of hospitalization in this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and forty-three patients [128 by transthyretin (ATTR-CA) and 15 by light chains (AL-CA)] included in Registro de Amiloidosis Cardiaca de Galicia (AMIGAL) were evaluated, including all hospitalizations. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 959 days there were 179 unscheduled hospitalizations [incidence rate (IR) 512.6 admissions per 1000 patients-year], most common due to cardiovascular reasons (n=109, IR 312.2). Most frequent individual cause of hospitalization was heart failure (n=87, TI 249.2). AL-CA was associated with a higher IR of unscheduled hospitalizations than ATTR-CA (IR 781 vs. 483.2; HR 1.62; p=0,029) due to non-cardiovascular admissions (IR 376 vs. 181.2; HR 2.07; p=0.027). Unscheduled admission-free survival at 1 and 3 years in AL-CA was inferior than in ATTR-CA (46.7% and 20.0% vs. 73.4% and 35.2%, respectively; p=0.021). CONCLUSIONS CA was associated with high incidence of hospitalizations, being heart failure the most frequent individual cause; unscheduled admission-free survival in AL-CA was lower than in ATTR-CA due mostly to non-cardiovascular admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Enríquez-Vázquez
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Avanzada y Trasplante Cardiaco, Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | | | - Gonzalo Barge-Caballero
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Avanzada y Trasplante Cardiaco, Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
| | - Eduardo Barge-Caballero
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Avanzada y Trasplante Cardiaco, Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Manuel López-Pérez
- Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol (CHUF), Ferrol, A Coruña, España
| | - Raquel Bilbao-Quesada
- Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Vigo, Pontevedra, España
| | - Eva González-Babarro
- Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra (CHOP), Pontevedra, España
| | - Inés Gómez-Otero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS)l Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - Andrea López-López
- Servicio de Cardiología. Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA). Lugo, España
| | - Mario Gutiérrez-Feijoo
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense (CHUOU), Ourense, España
| | - Alfonso Varela-Román
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS)l Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - María G Crespo-Leiro
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Avanzada y Trasplante Cardiaco, Servicio de Cardiología. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
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10
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Formiga F, Baeza LS, Chivite D, Yun S. Musculoskeletal co-morbidities in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: a systematic review. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:662-671. [PMID: 38130034 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of transthyretin-associated amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) has grown because of newer non-invasive diagnosis tools. Detecting the presence of extra-cardiac ATTR manifestations such as musculoskeletal pathologies considered 'red flags', when there is minimal or non-cardiac clinical involvement is primordial to carry out an early diagnosis. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the prevalence of musculoskeletal, ATTR-deposition-related co-morbidities in patients already diagnosed with ATTR-CM, specifically carpal tunnel syndrome, ruptured biceps tendon, spinal stenosis, and trigger finger. We performed a systematic review using PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were all studies in English and Spanish language and participants had to be patients diagnosed with ATTR-CM, by any diagnostic method, with the musculoskeletal co-morbidities subject of this review. The quality of the studies was based on the Risk of Bias Tool. This systematic review included 22 studies for final analysis. Carpal tunnel syndrome is reported in 21 studies, brachial biceps tendon rupture is reported in three, and spinal stenosis in eight studies. No articles that accomplished all the inclusion criteria for trigger finger were found. Regarding to the quality of the studies, all of them were categorized as being of high and moderate quality. The frequent association between ATTR-CM and carpal tunnel syndrome, ruptured biceps tendon, and lumbar spinal is confirmed, and the onset of these co-morbidities usually precedes the diagnosis of by years. This association defines them as red flags that should be search proactively due to the current treatment possibilities and the severity of the presentation of cardiac amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Formiga
- Geriatric Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Systemic Diseases and Ageing Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Saumell Baeza
- Geriatric Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Systemic Diseases and Ageing Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Chivite
- Geriatric Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Systemic Diseases and Ageing Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Yun
- Geriatric Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Systemic Diseases and Ageing Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Ismayl M, Abbasi M, Al-Abcha A, El-Am E, Alkhouli M, Guerrero M, Dispenzieri A, Nkomo VT, Abou Ezzeddine OF, Grogan M, Anavekar NS. Outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with and without amyloidosis: A nationwide analysis from the United States. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2024; 58:34-42. [PMID: 37468384 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloidosis is a common comorbidity in elderly patients with aortic stenosis (AS) referred for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). This study aims to assess the impact of amyloidosis on the clinical outcomes of TAVR. METHODS This is a retrospective study of the National Inpatient Sample database that identified adult patients (≥18 years) with AS hospitalized for TAVR from 2016 through 2020 to compare outcomes in those with versus without amyloidosis. Our primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included procedural complications, hospital length of stay (LOS), and total costs. TAVR trends in both cohorts were also evaluated. RESULTS The total cohort included 304,710 patients with AS undergoing TAVR, of whom 410 had amyloidosis. Over the study period, TAVR trends increased significantly in patients with and without amyloidosis (both ptrend < 0.01). Patients with amyloidosis were more likely to be older males with atrial fibrillation/flutter, congestive heart failure, renal disease, and dementia compared to non-amyloidosis patients. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, patients with amyloidosis had similar odds of in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.66, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.34-3.63), heart block (aOR 1.33, 95 % CI 0.84-2.10), permanent pacemaker insertion (aOR 0.67, 95 % CI 0.27-1.66), stroke (aOR 0.90, 95 % CI 0.32-3.13), acute kidney injury, major bleeding, blood transfusion, vascular complications, in addition to similar LOS (p = 0.21) and total costs (p = 0.18) compared to patients without amyloidosis. CONCLUSION In patients with AS undergoing TAVR, comorbid amyloidosis is associated with similar in-hospital mortality and procedural complications compared to patients without amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Ismayl
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Muhannad Abbasi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abdullah Al-Abcha
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Edward El-Am
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mohamad Alkhouli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mayra Guerrero
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Angela Dispenzieri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vuyisile T Nkomo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Omar F Abou Ezzeddine
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Martha Grogan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nandan S Anavekar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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12
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Gharbin J, Winful A, Alebna P, Grewal N, Brgdar A, Rhodd S, Taha M, Fatima U, Mehrotra P, Onwuanyi A. Trends in incidence and clinical outcome of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients with amyloidosis in the United States, 2010-2020. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023; 35:100336. [PMID: 38511180 PMCID: PMC10945973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Study objective To assess temporal changes in clinical profile and in-hospital outcome of patients with amyloidosis presenting with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI. Design/setting We conducted a retrospective observational study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2020. Main outcomes Primary outcome of interest was trend in adjusted in-hospital mortality in patients with amyloidosis presenting with NSTEMI from 2010 to 2020. Our secondary outcomes were trend in rate of coronary revascularization, and trend in duration of hospitalization. Results We identified 272,896 hospitalizations for amyloidosis. There was a temporal increase in incidence of NSTEMI among patients aged 18-44 years from 15.5 % to 28.0 %, a reverse trend was observed in 45-64 years: 22.1 % to 17.7 %, p = 0.043. There was no statistically significant difference in rate of coronary revascularization from 2010 to 2020; 16.3 % to 14.2 %, p = 0.86. We observed an increased odds of all-cause in-hospital mortality in patients with NSTEMI compared to those without NSTEMI (aOR = 2.2, 95 % CI: 1.9-2.6, p < 0.001) but there was a decrease trend in mortality from 21.5 % to 11.3 %, p = 0.013 for trend. Hospitalization duration was also observed to decreased from 14.1 days to 10.9 days during the study period (p = 0.055 for trend). Conclusion In patients with amyloidosis presenting with NSTEMI, there was increased incidence of NSTEMI among young adults, a steady trend in coronary revascularization, and a decreasing trend of adjusted all-cause in-hospital mortality and length of hospitalization from 2010 to 2020 in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gharbin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Adwoa Winful
- Medical University of South Carolina Health, Orangeburg, SC, USA
| | - Pamela Alebna
- Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA
| | - Niyati Grewal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ahmed Brgdar
- Division of Cardiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Suchelis Rhodd
- Division of Cardiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohammed Taha
- Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA
| | - Urooj Fatima
- Division of Cardiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Anekwe Onwuanyi
- Division of Cardiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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13
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Brito D, Albrecht FC, de Arenaza DP, Bart N, Better N, Carvajal-Juarez I, Conceição I, Damy T, Dorbala S, Fidalgo JC, Garcia-Pavia P, Ge J, Gillmore JD, Grzybowski J, Obici L, Piñero D, Rapezzi C, Ueda M, Pinto FJ. World Heart Federation Consensus on Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Glob Heart 2023; 18:59. [PMID: 37901600 PMCID: PMC10607607 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a progressive and fatal condition that requires early diagnosis, management, and specific treatment. The availability of new disease-modifying therapies has made successful treatment a reality. Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy can be either age-related (wild-type form) or caused by mutations in the TTR gene (genetic, hereditary forms). It is a systemic disease, and while the genetic forms may exhibit a variety of symptoms, a predominant cardiac phenotype is often present. This document aims to provide an overview of ATTR-CM amyloidosis focusing on cardiac involvement, which is the most critical factor for prognosis. It will discuss the available tools for early diagnosis and patient management, given that specific treatments are more effective in the early stages of the disease, and will highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and of specialized amyloidosis centres. To accomplish these goals, the World Heart Federation assembled a panel of 18 expert clinicians specialized in TTR amyloidosis from 13 countries, along with a representative from the Amyloidosis Alliance, a patient advocacy group. This document is based on a review of published literature, expert opinions, registries data, patients' perspectives, treatment options, and ongoing developments, as well as the progress made possible via the existence of centres of excellence. From the patients' perspective, increasing disease awareness is crucial to achieving an early and accurate diagnosis. Patients also seek to receive care at specialized amyloidosis centres and be fully informed about their treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Brito
- Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL@RISE, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fabiano Castro Albrecht
- Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology – Cardiac Amyloidosis Center Dante Pazzanese Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nicole Bart
- St Vincent’s Hospital, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nathan Better
- Cabrini Health, Malvern, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Monash University and University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Isabel Conceição
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, CHULN – Hospital de Santa Maria, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa Portugal, Portugal
| | - Thibaud Damy
- Department of Cardiology, DHU A-TVB, CHU Henri Mondor, AP-HP, INSERM U955 and UPEC, Créteil, France
- Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Reseau amylose, Créteil, France. Filière CARDIOGEN
| | - Sharmila Dorbala
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- CV imaging program, Cardiovascular Division and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Pablo Garcia-Pavia
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, IDIPHISA, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Julian D. Gillmore
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London, Royal Free Campus, United Kingdom
| | - Jacek Grzybowski
- Department of Cardiomyopathy, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Laura Obici
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Rapezzi
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mitsuharu Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Fausto J. Pinto
- Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL@RISE, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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14
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Palmiero G, Monda E, Verrillo F, Dongiglio F, Caiazza M, Rubino M, Lioncino M, Diana G, Vetrano E, Fusco A, Cirillo A, Mauriello A, Ciccarelli G, Ascione L, De Rimini ML, D'Alto M, Cerciello G, D'Andrea A, Golino P, Calabrò P, Bossone E, Limongelli G. Prevalence and clinical significance of right ventricular pulmonary arterial uncoupling in cardiac amyloidosis. Int J Cardiol 2023; 388:131147. [PMID: 37423570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and the clinical significance of the right ventricular pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) uncoupling in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA). METHODS The study population consisted in 92 consecutive patients with CA (age 71.1 ± 12.2 years, 71% males; 47% with immunoglobulin light chain (AL), 53% with transthyretin [ATTR]). A pre-specified tricuspid anulus plane systolic excursion on pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP) value <0.31 mm/mmHg was used to define RV-PA uncoupling and to dichotomize the study population. RESULTS Thirty-two patients (35%) showed RV-PA uncoupling at baseline evaluation (15/44 [34%] AL and 17/48 [35%] ATTR). Patients with RV-PA uncoupling, in both AL and ATTR, showed worse NYHA functional class, lower systemic blood pressure, and more pronounced left ventricular and RV systolic dysfunction than those with RV-PA coupling. During a median follow-up of 8 months (IQR 4-13), 26 patients (28%) experienced cardiovascular death. Patients with RV-PA uncoupling showed lower survival at 12 months follow-up than those with RV-PA coupling (42.7% [95%CI 21.7-63.7%] vs. 87.3% [95%CI 78.3-96.3%], p-value<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified high-sensitivity troponin I values (HR 1.01 [95%CI 1.00-1.02] per 1 pg/mL increase; p-value 0.013) and TAPSE/PASP (HR 1.07 [95%CI 1.03-1.11] per 0.01 mm/mmHg decrease; p-value 0.002) as independent predictors of cardiovascular death. CONCLUSIONS RV-PA uncoupling is common among patient with CA, and it is a marker of advanced disease and worse outcome. This study suggest that TAPSE/PASP ratio has the potential to improve risk stratification and guide management strategies in patients with CA of different etiology and advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Palmiero
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Monda
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Federica Verrillo
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Dongiglio
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Marta Rubino
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Lioncino
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Diana
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Vetrano
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Adelaide Fusco
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Annapaola Cirillo
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Mauriello
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ciccarelli
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center of Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Luigi Ascione
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele D'Alto
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cerciello
- Haematology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello D'Andrea
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Coronary Care, Umberto I Hospital, Viale San Francesco 2, 84014, Nocera Inferiore, SA, Italy
| | - Paolo Golino
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Department of translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bossone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.
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15
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Skov JK, Ladefoged B, Clemmensen TS, Poulsen SH. Wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: expect the unexpected-a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2023; 7:ytad431. [PMID: 37701924 PMCID: PMC10493642 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytad431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Background General interest and incidence are increasing in wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRwt) in recent time. As patient population increases, further knowledge of the management of the frequently encountered interacting cardiac comorbidities is requested to improve treatment of ATTRwt patients. Case summary A 73-year-old male ATTRwt patient presented to the outpatient clinic (Day 0) with dyspnoea, leg swelling, and palpitations. At diagnosis, 3 years prior to presentation, he exhibited only minor signs of ATTRwt. At Day 0, clinical examination revealed atrial fibrillation and mild peripheral oedema. Anticoagulant and symptomatic treatment with beta-blocker and diuretics was initiated, and the patient was planned for sub-acute direct cardioversion, and the patient was discharged with a Holter monitor to outpatient care. At Day 7, analysis of the monitoring demonstrated spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm and, unexpectedly, episodes of high-rate self-remittent sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) and frequent ventricular ectopic beats. At Day 8, a sub-acute coronary angiography was performed which revealed a significant proximal left anterior descending artery stenosis which was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and subsequently an internal defibrillator was implanted. Following visits at 1- and 3-month post-PCI at the outpatient clinic revealed no VT and suppression of ventricular ectopic beats. Discussion The case illustrates some of the frequently encountered cardiac comorbidities (e.g. atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmia, and ischaemic heart disease) associated with ATTRwt. A high level of suspicion is warranted to identify treatable cardiac conditions [atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular (AV) block, and ischaemic heart disease] and to uncover potentially fatal cardiac conditions in patients with ATTRwt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Kæstel Skov
- Department of Clinical Epidemiological Department, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Bertil Ladefoged
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Tor Skibsted Clemmensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
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16
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Miyamoto M, Nakamura K, Nakagawa K, Nishii N, Kawada S, Ueoka A, Asada S, Watanabe A, Morita H, Ito H. Prevalence and Treatment of Arrhythmias in Patients With Transthyretin and Light-Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis. Circ Rep 2023; 5:298-305. [PMID: 37431518 PMCID: PMC10329899 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-23-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Various types of arrhythmia are observed in patients with cardiac amyloidosis, but the prevalence of arrhythmia has not been fully investigated. This study investigated the prevalence and treatment of arrhythmias in patients with cardiac amyloidosis before the introduction of new agents for amyloidosis, such as tafamidis. Methods and Results: Of 53 patients who were histologically diagnosed with cardiac amyloidosis at 10 centers in western Japan between 2009 and 2021, 43 who were diagnosed on the basis of immunohistochemical staining were evaluated in this study. Of these 43 patients, 13 had immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis and 30 had transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis; further, 27 had atrial tachyarrhythmia, 13 had ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and 17 had bradyarrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation (AF) was the most common arrhythmia in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (n=24; 55.8%), especially among those with ATTR amyloidosis (70.0% of ATTR vs. 23.1% of AL). Eleven (25.6%) patients were treated with a cardiac implantable device. All 3 patients with pacemakers were alive at the last follow-up (median 76.7 months; interquartile range [IQR] 4.8-146.4 months). Of the 8 patients who underwent AF ablation, there was no recurrence in 6 (75%) after a median of 39.3 months (IQR 19.8-59.3 months). Conclusions: The prevalence of various arrhythmias was high in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. AF occurred most frequently in patients with cardiac amyloidosis, especially among patients with ATTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Miyamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Kazufumi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Koji Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Akira Ueoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Saori Asada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Atsuyuki Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center Okayama Japan
| | - Hiroshi Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
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17
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Epidemiology of cardiac amyloidosis in Germany: a retrospective analysis from 2009 to 2018. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:401-408. [PMID: 36241897 PMCID: PMC9998316 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-02114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved imaging modalities contributed to increasing awareness of cardiac amyloidosis. Contemporary data on frequency trends in Germany are lacking. METHODS In a retrospective study using health claims data of a German statutory health insurance, patients with diagnostic codes of amyloidosis and concomitant heart failure between 2009 and 2018 were identified. RESULTS Prevalence increased from 15.5 to 47.6 per 100,000 person-years, and incidence increased from 4.8 to 11.6 per 100,000 person-years, with a continuous steepening in the slope of incidence trend. In patients with amyloidosis and heart failure age and proportion of men significantly increased, whereas the frequency of myeloma and nephrotic syndrome significantly decreased over time. Median (IQR) survival time after first diagnosis was 2.5 years (0.5-6 years), with a 9% (95% CI 2-15%, p = 0.008) reduced risk of death in the second compared to the first 5 years of observation. In the 2 years prior and 1 year after diagnosis, mean total health care costs were 6568 €, 11,872 € and 21,955 € per person and year. CONCLUSION The rise in cardiac amyloidosis has continuously accelerated in the last decade. Considering the adverse outcome and high health care burden, further effort should be put on early detection of the disease to implement available treatment.
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18
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Elzeneini M, Gupta S, Assaf Y, Kumbhani DJ, Shah K, Grodin JL, Bavry AA. Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Coexisiting Amyloidosis: Mortality, Stroke, and Readmission. JACC. ADVANCES 2023; 2:100255. [PMID: 38938319 PMCID: PMC11198260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Cardiac amyloidosis can coexist in patients with severe aortic stenosis. There are limited outcomes data on whether this impacts the risk of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Objectives The authors aimed to investigate the effect of amyloidosis on outcomes of TAVR. Methods We used the Nationwide Readmissions Database to identify hospitalizations for TAVR between 2016 and 2019. The presence of a diagnosis of amyloidosis was identified. Propensity score-weighted regression analysis was used to identify the association of amyloidosis with in-hospital mortality, acute ischemic stroke, and 30-day readmission rate after TAVR. Results We identified 245,020 hospitalizations for TAVR, including 273 in patients with amyloidosis. The mean age was 79.4 ± 8.4 years. There was no difference in in-hospital mortality or 30-day readmission rate in patients with and without amyloidosis (1.8% vs 1.5%, P = 0.622; and 12.9% vs 12.5%, P = 0.858; respectively). However, there was a higher rate of acute ischemic stroke in patients with amyloidosis (6.2% vs 1.8%, P < 0.001). Propensity score-weighted logistic regression analysis showed the presence of amyloidosis was associated with greater odds of acute ischemic stroke (odds ratio: 3.08, 95% CI: 1.41-6.71, P = 0.005), but no difference in mortality (odds ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.28-2.27, P = 0.666) or 30-day readmission rate after TAVR (HR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.41-1.25, P = 0.241). Conclusions This analysis suggests amyloidosis may be associated with a higher thromboembolic risk after TAVR that merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elzeneini
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Shishir Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Yazan Assaf
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dharam J. Kumbhani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Khanjan Shah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Justin L. Grodin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony A. Bavry
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
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19
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Watanabe Y, Murata H, Takano H, Kiriyama T, Kunugi S, Hachisuka M, Uchiyama S, Matsuda J, Nakano H, Imori Y, Yodogawa K, Iwasaki YK, Kodani E, Shimizu A, Shimizu W. External Validation of the Kumamoto Criteria in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy Screening ― A Retrospective Cohort Study ―. Circ Rep 2022; 4:579-587. [DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-22-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hitoshi Takano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | | | - Shinobu Kunugi
- Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | | | - Saori Uchiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Junya Matsuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Hiroyuki Nakano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Tama-Nagayama Hospital
| | - Yoichi Imori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Kenji Yodogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Yu-ki Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Eitaro Kodani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Tama-Nagayama Hospital
| | - Akira Shimizu
- Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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20
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Porcari A, Allegro V, Saro R, Varrà GG, Pagura L, Rossi M, Lalario A, Longo F, Korcova R, Dal Ferro M, Perkan A, Dore F, Bussani R, De Sabbata GM, Zaja F, Merlo M, Sinagra G. Evolving trends in epidemiology and natural history of cardiac amyloidosis: 30-year experience from a tertiary referral center for cardiomyopathies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1026440. [PMID: 36419501 PMCID: PMC9677956 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1026440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Natural history of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is poorly understood. We aimed to examine the changing mortality of different types of CA over a 30-year period. Patients and methods Consecutive patients included in the "Trieste CA Registry" from January 1, 1990 through December 31, 2021 were divided into a historical cohort (diagnosed before 2016) and a contemporary cohort (diagnosed after 2016). Light chain (AL), transthyretin (ATTR) and other forms of CA were defined according to international recommendations. The primary and secondary outcome measures were all-cause mortality and cardiac death, respectively. Results We enrolled 182 patients: 47.3% AL-CA, 44.5% ATTR-CA, 8.2% other etiologies. The number of patients diagnosed with AL and ATTR-CA progressively increased over time, mostly ATTR-CA patients (from 21% before 2016 to 67% after 2016) diagnosed non-invasively. The more consistent increase in event-rate was observed in the long-term (after 50 months) in ATTR-CA compared to the early increase in mortality in AL-CA. In the contemporary cohort, during a median follow up of 16 [4-30] months, ATTR-CA was associated with improved overall and cardiac survival compared to AL-CA. At multivariable analysis, ATTR-CA (HR 0.42, p = 0.03), eGFR (HR 0.98, p = 0.033) and ACE-inhibitor therapy (HR 0.24, p < 0.001) predicted overall survival in the contemporary cohort. Conclusion Incidence and prevalence rates of ATTR-CA and, to a less extent, of AL-CA have been increasing over time, with significant improvements in 2-year survival of ATTR-CA patients from the contemporary cohort. Reaching an early diagnosis and starting disease-modifying treatments will improve long-term survival in CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldostefano Porcari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Allegro
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Saro
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Guerino Giuseppe Varrà
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Linda Pagura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Lalario
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Longo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Renata Korcova
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Dal Ferro
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Perkan
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Franca Dore
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Rossana Bussani
- Cardiothoracic Department, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Zaja
- Department of Hematology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Merlo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Department of Cardiovascular, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart-ERNGUARD-Heart, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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21
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Zaghlol R, Rater M, Schiffer W, Mitchell JD. Redefining Prognosis of Transthyretin Cardiomyopathy in the Tafamadis Era. J Card Fail 2022; 28:1519-1521. [PMID: 35988721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Zaghlol
- Amyloid Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63122
| | - M Rater
- Amyloid Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63122
| | - W Schiffer
- Amyloid Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63122
| | - J D Mitchell
- Amyloid Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63122.
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22
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Chen YY, Kuo MJ, Chung FP, Lin YJ, Chien KL, Hsieh YC, Chang SL, Lo LW, Hu YF, Chao TF, Liao JN, Chang TY, Lin CY, Kuo L, Tuan TC, Wu CI, Liu CM, Liu SH, Li CH, Chen SA. Risks of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia and Mortality in Patients with Amyloidosis - A Long-Term Cohort Study. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2022; 38:464-474. [PMID: 35873126 PMCID: PMC9295043 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202207_38(4).20220221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is associated with higher mortality. The annual incidence of VT after a diagnosis of amyloidosis and the associated cardiovascular (CV) outcomes have not been well assessed in a large cohort. METHODS A total of 12,139 amyloidosis patients were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Non-amyloidosis group was matched 1:1 for age, gender, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) to the amyloidosis group using a propensity score. Analysis of the risk of CV outcomes was conducted. We also analyzed the incidence of cardiac amyloidosis (CA). RESULTS The incidence rates of amyloidosis and CA were 6.54 and 0.61 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that the risk of VT was higher in both the amyloidosis [hazard ratio (HR): 7.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.49-13.9] and CA (HR: 153.3, 95% CI: 54.3-432.7) groups. In the amyloidosis group, the risk of heart failure (HF)-related hospitalization, CV death, and all-cause death was also higher. Amyloidosis was associated with a higher CV mortality rate following VT (HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.07-2.12). The onset of a new VT event in patients with amyloidosis was associated with HF, DM, chronic liver disease, and anti-arrhythmic drug use. CONCLUSIONS In this nationwide cohort study, the incidence rates of amyloidosis and CA were 6.54 and 0.61 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The long-term risks of VT and CV mortality were higher in the patients with amyloidosis and CA. The patients with amyloidosis had a poorer prognosis following VT events, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yu Chen
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University
| | - Ming-Jen Kuo
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Fa-Po Chung
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Yenn-Jiang Lin
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University;
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Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Yu-Cheng Hsieh
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei;
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Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lin Chang
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Li-Wei Lo
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
,
Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Yu-Feng Hu
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Tze-Fan Chao
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
,
Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Jo-Nan Liao
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Ting-Yung Chang
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
,
Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Ling Kuo
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Ta-Chuan Tuan
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Cheng-I Wu
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
,
Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Chih-Min Liu
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Shin-Huei Liu
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Cheng-Hung Li
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital;
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Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei;
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Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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23
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Lauppe R, Liseth Hansen J, Fornwall A, Johansson K, Rozenbaum MH, Strand AM, Väkeväinen M, Kuusisto J, Gude E, Smith JG, Gustafsson F. Prevalence, characteristics, and mortality of patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in the Nordic countries. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:2528-2537. [PMID: 35560802 PMCID: PMC9288758 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM) is a progressive condition caused by deposition of transthyretin amyloid fibrils in the heart and is associated with poor quality of life and a shortened lifespan. This study aimed to describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and mortality of patients with ATTR‐CM, using multiple national health registers in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Methods and results Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy patients were identified during 2008–2018 using a combination of diagnosis codes for amyloidosis and heart disease and were matched to patients with non‐ATTR heart failure (HF). An identical study design was used in each country to facilitate comparison and aggregation of results. A total of 1930 ATTR‐CM patients were identified from national health registers in the four countries. In 2018, prevalence of ATTR‐CM per 100 000 inhabitants ranged from 1.4 in Denmark to 5.0 in Sweden; a steep increase over time was observed in Sweden and Norway. Median survival from diagnosis was 30 months for ATTR‐CM patients and 67 months for matched HF patients. Survival was significantly lower for female than for male ATTR‐CM patients (median survival: 22 and 36 months), while no significant difference was observed in the HF cohort. Conclusions This study provides the first nationwide estimates of the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and mortality of patients with ATTR‐CM, using identical study design across several countries. Findings corroborate previous case series showing high mortality in ATTR‐CM, two‐fold higher than for other HF patients and higher in women than men, highlighting the need for more precise and early diagnosis to reduce the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johan Liseth Hansen
- Quantify Research, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Research, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Einar Gude
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Gustav Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Finn Gustafsson
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Lauppe R, Liseth Hansen J, Fornwall A, Johansson K, Rozenbaum MH, Strand AM, Vakevainen M, Kuusisto J, Gude E, Smith JG, Gustafsson F. Healthcare resource use of patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:1636-1642. [PMID: 35365974 PMCID: PMC9065857 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM) is the cardiac manifestation of transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR). The aim of this study was to estimate healthcare resource use for ATTR‐CM patients compared with heart failure (HF) patients, in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Methods and results Data from nationwide healthcare registers in the four countries were used. ATTR‐CM patients were defined as individuals diagnosed with amyloidosis and cardiomyopathy or HF between 2008 and 2018. Patients in the ATTR‐CM cohort were matched to patients with HF but without ATTR‐CM diagnosis. Resource use included number of visits to specialty outpatient and inpatient hospital care. A total of 1831 ATTR‐CM and 1831 HF patients were included in the analysis. The mean number of hospital‐based healthcare contacts increased in both the ATTR‐CM and HF cohort during 3 years pre‐diagnosis and was consistently higher for the ATTR‐CM cohort compared with the HF cohort, with 6.1 [CI: 5.9–6.3] vs. 3.2 [CI: 3.1–3.3] outpatient visits and 1.03 [CI: 0.96–1.1] vs. 0.7 [CI: 0.7–0.8] hospitalizations. In the first year following diagnosis, patients with ATTR‐CM continued to visit outpatient care (10.2 [CI: 10.1, 10.4] vs. 5.7 [CI: 5.6, 5.9]) and were admitted to hospital more frequently (3.3 [CI: 3.2, 3.4] vs. 2.5 [CI: 2.5, 2.6]) than HF patients. Conclusions Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy imposes a high burden on healthcare systems with twice as many outpatient specialist visits and 50% more hospitalizations in the year after diagnosis compared with HF patients without ATTR‐CM. Studies to investigate if earlier diagnosis and treatment of ATTR‐CM may lower resource use are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Lauppe
- Quantify Research AB, Stockholm, 112 21, Sweden
| | - Johan Liseth Hansen
- Quantify Research AB, Stockholm, 112 21, Sweden.,Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Research, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Einar Gude
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Gustav Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Finn Gustafsson
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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