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Fu Y, Huang FY, Dai SZ, Wang L, Zhou X, Zheng ZY, Wang CC, Tan GH, Li Q. Penicilazaphilone C alleviates allergic airway inflammation and improves the immune microenvironment by hindering the NLRP3 inflammasome. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116788. [PMID: 38772153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Penicilazaphilone C (PAC) is hypothesized to potentially serve as a therapeutic treatment for allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and reducing oxidative stress. METHODS An allergic asthma model was induced in female BALB/c mice of the OVA, OVA+PAC, OVA+PAC+LPS, and OVA+Dex groups by sensitizing and subsequently challenging them with OVA. The OVA+PAC and Normal+PAC groups were treated with PAC, while the OVA+PAC+LPS group also received LPS. The OVA+Dex group was given dexamethasone (Dex). Samples of serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue were collected for histological and cytological analysis. RESULTS Allergic mice treated with PAC or Dex showed inhibited inflammation and mucus production in the lungs. There was a decrease in the number of inflammatory cells in the BALF, lower levels of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and BALF, and a reduction in the protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β, activated gasdermin D, MPO, Ly6G, and ICAM-1. Additionally, oxidative stress was reduced, as shown by a decrease in MDA and DCF, but an increase in SOD and GSH. Treatment with PAC also resulted in a decrease in pulmonary memory CD4+ T cells and an increase in regulatory T cells. However, the positive effects seen in the PAC-treated mice were reversed when the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by LPS, almost returning to the levels of the Sham-treated mice. SIGNIFICANCE PAC acts in a similar way to anti-allergic inflammation as Dex, suggesting it may be a viable therapeutic option for managing allergic asthma inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshu Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University & Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Feng-Ying Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Shu-Zhen Dai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University & Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University & Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Zhen-You Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Cai-Chun Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University & Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Guang-Hong Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University & Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou 570102, China.
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Alsharairi NA. Antioxidant Intake and Biomarkers of Asthma in Relation to Smoking Status-A Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5099-5117. [PMID: 37367073 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is considered a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Increased oxidative stress (OS) is a clinical feature of asthma, which promotes the inflammatory responses in bronchial/airway epithelial cells. Smokers and nonsmokers with asthma have been shown to have increases in several OS and inflammatory biomarkers. However, studies suggest significant differences in OS and inflammation biomarkers between smokers and nonsmokers. A few studies suggest associations between antioxidant intake from diet/supplements and asthma in patients with different smoking status. Evidence is lacking on the protective role of antioxidant vitamin and/or mineral consumption against asthma by smoking status with respect to inflammation and OS biomarkers. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight current knowledge regarding the relations between antioxidant intake, asthma, and its associated biomarkers, according to smoking status. This paper can be used to guide future research directions towards the health consequences of antioxidant intake in smoking and nonsmoking asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Alsharairi
- Heart, Mind & Body Research Group, Griffith University, Gold Coast P.O. Box 4222, QLD, Australia
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Tang W, Qin J, Zhou Y, Wang W, Teng F, Liu J, Yi L, Cui J, Zhu X, Wang S, Dong J, Wei Y. Regulation of ferroptosis and ACSL4-15LO1 pathway contributed to the anti-asthma effect of acupuncture. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109670. [PMID: 36603356 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture has been frequently used in China for the treatment asthma for thousands of years. Ferroptosis was recently revealed to be involved in several pathological conditions including asthma. However, the detailed links between ferroptosis and airway inflammation in asthma, as well as the detailed regulation of acupuncture on these disorders remains unclear. Our results demonstrated that the non-haem Fe2+ level increased markedly in the lung tissue of mouse asthma model, and positively correlated with RL and IL-4 level in BALF. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation markers MDA and GSSG increased remarkably in OVA-induced experimental asthma mice. Up-regulation of lipid peroxidation associated proteins ACSL4 and15-LO1 was also observed in OVA-induced experimental asthma mice. To demonstrate the role of ferroptosis in asthma and the effect of acupuncture on these disorders, ferroptosis-induction agent erastin and ferroptosis-inhibition agent fer-1 were used, and our data demonstrated that erastin could augment lung inflammation and lipid peroxidation in OVA induced asthma model. Fer-1 was able to relieve AHR, lung inflammation, non-haem Fe2+ level, lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis related pathway ACSL4-15LO1 in OVA-induced experimental asthma mice. Acupuncture treatment alleviated RL, lung inflammation as well as type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 levels induced by OVA inhalation. What's more, acupuncture significantly reduced the MDA and GSSG levels, the non-haem Fe2+ level and ACSL4-15-LO1 proteins expression. Acupuncture also relieved erastin-induced exacerbation in lung inflammation and lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis. Acupuncture treatment could relieve ferroptosis related exacerbation in airway inflammation. Our study provided insights into the underlying mechanisms for the protective effects of acupuncture and highlighted a therapeutic potential of acupuncture treatment in the attenuation of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Tang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingjing Qin
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yaolong Zhou
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fangzhou Teng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - La Yi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xueyi Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Yu CX, Shi ZA, Ou GC, Chen XJ, Liu Q, Zeng D, Nie XJ, Chen JJ. Maresin-2 alleviates allergic airway inflammation in mice by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, Th2 type immune response and oxidative stress. Mol Immunol 2022; 146:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.03.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ammar M, Bahloul N, Amri O, Omri R, Ghozzi H, Kammoun S, Zeghal K, Ben Mahmoud L. Oxidative stress in patients with asthma and its relation to uncontrolled asthma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24345. [PMID: 35318723 PMCID: PMC9102642 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate markers of oxidative stress in Tunisian asthmatic patients and investigate whether their markers are correlated with uncontrolled asthma. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 48 healthy subjects and 60 patients with asthma (34 patients with controlled asthma and 26 patients with uncontrolled asthma). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and glutathione (GSH), as well as the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were estimated in plasma by spectrophotometry. Asthmatic patients have significantly higher plasmatic levels of MDA and AOPP than healthy controls (p < 0.001). Lower GSH level and GPx activity were found in patients with asthma compared to controls (p < 0.001). In contrast, higher SOD activity was noted in asthmatic patients (p < 0.001). The comparison among the patients with controlled asthma and uncontrolled asthma revealed increased MDA and AOPP levels and SOD activity (p < 0.001) as well as a decreased GSH level and GPx activity (p = 0.004, p = 0.019) in patients with uncontrolled asthma. Spirometry level was significantly correlated with SOD activity (r = 0.447; p = 0.010), whereas no significant correlations were found with the other parameters (MDA, AOPP, GSH, and GPx). Asthmatic patients, especially those with uncontrolled asthma, suffer a high degree of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation causing considerable oxidative stress. Increased MDA level and SOD activity and reduced GPx activity were predictors of poorly controlled asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ammar
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najla Bahloul
- Department of Pneumoallergology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Oumayma Amri
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ribh Omri
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hanene Ghozzi
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Samy Kammoun
- Department of Pneumoallergology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Zeghal
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Ben Mahmoud
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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Abboud MM, Al-Rawashde FA, Al-Zayadneh EM. Alterations of serum and saliva oxidative markers in patients with bronchial asthma. J Asthma 2021; 59:2154-2161. [PMID: 34855555 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.2008426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The development of asthma is highly affected by exposure to exogenous and endogenous oxidative molecules, but the impact of this exposure on the pathophysiology of asthma has received little attention. OBJECTIVES Evaluating group of selective oxidative stress markers as a tool in the management of asthma disease. METHODS In comparison with matched healthy controls, levels of the oxidant and antioxidant markers: lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA), Total glutathione (tGSH), Uric acid (UA), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed in serum and saliva of different asthma groups. RESULTS All oxidative markers in serum and saliva of asthma patients showed significant alterations from normal healthy controls (P < 0.05), except the salivary SOD (P = 0.441). Their levels in serum were significantly correlated with asthma severity (P < 0.05), and the distinguishing between childhood and adult asthma was significantly accomplished by GPx, SOD, TAC markers (P < 0.05). However, in patients with childhood asthma no significant differences were detected between the levels of GPx, CAT, UA, MDA in serum and saliva samples (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Determination of the oxidative markers GPx, CAT, UA in serum or saliva can distinguish asthma from healthy states. The serum levels of UA and TAC are highly effective in monitoring asthma severity, while the salivary GPx, CAT, UA, MDA are beneficial in the management of childhood asthma. Discrimination of the age factor between asthma groups can be achieved by testing GPx, SOD, TAC in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muayad M Abboud
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zerga, Jordan
| | - Futoon A Al-Rawashde
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Enas M Al-Zayadneh
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Biomedicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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7
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Karadogan B, Beyaz S, Gelincik A, Buyukozturk S, Arda N. Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant parameters in allergic asthma patients with different level of asthma control. J Asthma 2021; 59:663-672. [PMID: 33380228 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1870129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is evidence that reactive oxygen species, especially free radicals, produced during the immune and inflammatory response may play important roles in the development of asthma.We aimed to evaluate the levels of certain oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant capacity in asthma patients with different asthma control levels in comparison to healthy subjects. METHODS A total of 120 adult allergic asthma patients and 120 healthy individuals were included in this study. Using spectrophotometric methods, we analyzed two oxidative stress markers, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls (PC), as well as reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and catalase activity as critical antioxidant defense parameters in the blood samples of allergic asthma patients and healthy controls. The patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to asthma control test (ACT) results: totally controlled (TCG), partially controlled (PCG) and uncontrolled (UCG) subgroups. All biomarkers were compared between the three patient subgroups, as well as between total asthma patients and control subjects. RESULTS There were remarkable differences between the control group and the combined patient group for all parameters. A significant increase in MDA and PC, especially in the UCG (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) was detected in comparison to other subgroups. Additionally, increased MDA and PC levels, as well as decreased GSH levels were observed in all subgroups individually in comparison to the control (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrates the presence of severe oxidative stress, considering the increase in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, in patients with allergic asthma, even under controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Karadogan
- Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sengul Beyaz
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Gelincik
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suna Buyukozturk
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazli Arda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Center for Research and Practice in Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Zhang N, Lu HT, Zhang RJ, Sun XJ. Protective effects of methane-rich saline on mice with allergic asthma by inhibiting inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 20:828-837. [PMID: 31489802 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a common cause of breathing difficulty in children and adults, and is characterized by chronic airway inflammation that is poorly controlled by available treatments. This results in severe disability and applies a huge burden to the public health system. Methane has been demonstrated to function as a therapeutic agent in many diseases. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of methane-rich saline (MRS) on the pathophysiology of a mouse model of asthma and its underlying mechanism. METHODS A murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma was applied in this study. Mice were divided into three groups: a control group, an OVA group, and OVA-induced asthmatic mice treated with MRS as the third group. Lung resistance index (RI) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) were measured to determine airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed and scored to show histopathological changes. Cell counts of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were recorded. Cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 15 (CXCL15) from BALF and serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The oxidative stress indexes, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), were determined using commercial kits. Apoptosis was evaluated by western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and biochemical examination. RESULTS MRS administration reversed the OVA-induced AHR, attenuated the pathological inflammatory infiltration, and decreased the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α, and CXCL15 in serum and BALF. Moreover, following MRS administration, the oxidative stress was alleviated as indicated by decreased MDA, MPO, and 8-OHdG, and elevated SOD and GSH. In addition, MRS exhibited an anti-apoptotic effect in this model, protecting epithelial cells from damage. CONCLUSIONS Methane improves pulmonary function and decreases infiltrative inflammatory cells in the allergic asthmatic mouse model. This may be associated with its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Naval Aeromedicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hong-Tao Lu
- Department of Naval Aeromedicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rong-Jia Zhang
- Department of Naval Aeromedicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xue-Jun Sun
- Department of Naval Aeromedicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Andrianjafimasy M, Zerimech F, Akiki Z, Huyvaert H, Le Moual N, Siroux V, Matran R, Dumas O, Nadif R. Oxidative stress biomarkers and asthma characteristics in adults of the EGEA study. Eur Respir J 2017; 50:50/6/1701193. [PMID: 29284685 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01193-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is an oxidative stress related disease, but associations with asthma outcomes are poorly studied in adults. We aimed to study the associations between several biomarkers related to oxidative stress and various asthma outcomes.Cross-sectional analyses were conducted in 1388 adults (mean age 43 years, 44% with asthma) from the Epidemiological Study of the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA2). Three blood antioxidant enzyme activities (biomarkers of response to oxidative stress) and exhaled breath condensate 8-isoprostanes and plasma fluorescent oxidation products (FlOPs) levels (two biomarkers of damage) were measured. Associations between biomarkers and 1) ever asthma and 2) asthma attacks, asthma control and lung function in participants with asthma were evaluated using regression models adjusted for age, sex and smoking.Biomarkers of response were unrelated to asthma outcomes. Higher 8-isoprostane levels were significantly associated with ever asthma (odds ratio for one interquartile range increase 1.28 (95% CI 1.06-1.67). Among participants with asthma, 8-isoprostane levels were negatively associated with adult-onset asthma (0.63, 0.41-0.97) and FlOPs levels were positively associated with asthma attacks (1.33, 1.07-1.65), poor asthma control (1.30, 1.02-1.66) and poor lung function (1.34, 1.04-1.74).Our results suggest that 8-isoprostanes are involved in childhood-onset asthma and FlOPs are linked to asthma expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miora Andrianjafimasy
- INSERM, U1168, Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France .,Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Farid Zerimech
- CHU Lille, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Lille, France.,Université de Lille, EA4483, IMPECS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Zeina Akiki
- INSERM, U1168, Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France.,Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Helene Huyvaert
- CHU Lille, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Lille, France
| | - Nicole Le Moual
- INSERM, U1168, Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France.,Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Valérie Siroux
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA-Inserm U1209-CNRS UMR 5309, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Environnementale, Site Santé, Allée des Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Régis Matran
- CHRU de Lille, Lille, France.,Univ Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Orianne Dumas
- INSERM, U1168, Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France.,Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Rachel Nadif
- INSERM, U1168, Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France.,Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
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Zemmouri H, Sekiou O, Ammar S, El Feki A, Bouaziz M, Messarah M, Boumendjel A. Urtica dioica attenuates ovalbumin-induced inflammation and lipid peroxidation of lung tissues in rat asthma model. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1561-1568. [PMID: 28385108 PMCID: PMC6130499 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1310905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT To find bioactive medicinal herbs exerting anti-asthmatic activity, we investigated the effect of an aqueous extract of Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) leaves (UD), the closest extract to the Algerian traditional use. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the in vivo anti-asthmatic and antioxidant activities of nettle extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Group I: negative control; group II: Ovalbumin sensitized/challenged rats (positive control); group III: received UD extract (1.5 g/kg/day) orally along the experimental protocol; group IV: received UD extract (1.5 g/kg/day) orally along the experimental protocol and sensitized/challenged with ovalbumin. After 25 days, blood and tissue samples were collected for haematological and histopathological analysis, respectively. The oxidative stress parameters were evaluated in the lungs, liver and erythrocytes. Then, correlations between markers of airway inflammation and markers of oxidative stress were explored. RESULTS UD extract significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited eosinophilia increases in BALF (-60%) and the levels of leucocytes (-32.75%) and lymphocytes (-29.22%) in serum, and effectively suppressed inflammatory cells recruitment in the asthmatic rat model. Besides, the lipid peroxidation generated by allergen administration was significantly (p < 0.05) diminished by UD treatment in lung tissue (-48.58%). The nettle extract was also investigated for the total phenolic content (30.79 ± 0.96 mg gallic acid/g dry extract) and shows DPPH radical scavenging activity with 152.34 ± 0.37 μg/mL IC50 value. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed that UD administration might be responsible for the protective effects of this extract against airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanene Zemmouri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algeria
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Omar Sekiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Sonda Ammar
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Environment, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Environment, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mahfoud Messarah
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Amel Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algeria
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Moreno-Solís G, Dela Torre-Aguilar MJ, Torres-Borrego J, Llorente-Cantarero FJ, Fernández-Gutiérrez F, Gil-Campos M, Túnez-Fiñana I, Pérez-Navero JL. Oxidative stress and inflamatory plasma biomarkers in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2016; 11:839-846. [PMID: 26663823 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. OBJECTIVES (i) We determined whether acute bronchiolitis (AB) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) induced OS; (ii) assessed whether OS biomarkers correlated with the severity of RSV-AB; and (iii) studied whether the levels of interleukins are associated with OS biomarkers. METHODS We performed an observational study by comparing healthy infants (Group 1) with RSV-AB infants, classified as Group 2 (pulse oximetry (SpO2 ) >93%), and Group 3 (SpO2 ≤ 92%), which needed oxygen therapy. Blood samples were collected to determine the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products (LPO), total glutathione (TG), oxidised glutathione (GSSG), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), interleukins (ILs) IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP α and MIP β). RESULTS Forty-six RSV-AB infants (47% needed oxygen therapy) and 27 healthy infants were included. The GSH/GSSG ratio was lower in RSV-AB infants than in Group 1 (P<0.001). GSSG and GPx were significantly higher in Group 3. GSSG predicted the need for oxygen therapy with an optimal cut-off point of 15 µM/g for haemoglobin. The GSH/GSSG ratio negatively correlated with IL-6 (P: 0.014), IL-8 (P: 0.014) and IL-10 (P: 0.033). Group 3 exhibited a direct correlation between GPx and IL-10 levels (P: 0.024) and between LPO and MIP β (P: 0.003). CONCLUSIONS RSV induced OS in AB. An increase in GSSG correlated with the disease severity in the infants. OS may contribute to the pathogenesis of RSV-AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Moreno-Solís
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Javier Torres-Borrego
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Fernández-Gutiérrez
- Department of Paediatrics, Unit of Metabolism and Paediatric Research, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Faculty of Medicine, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Paediatrics, Unit of Metabolism and Paediatric Research, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Isaac Túnez-Fiñana
- Faculty of Medicine, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Pérez-Navero
- Faculty of Medicine, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Paediatrics, Unit of Metabolism and Paediatric Research, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
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Liu X, Lin R, Zhao B, Guan R, Li T, Jin R. Correlation between oxidative stress and the NF-κB signaling pathway in the pulmonary tissues of obese asthmatic mice. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1127-34. [PMID: 26677140 PMCID: PMC4732835 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The obesity-asthma phenotype is characterized by increased asthma severity and decreased glucocorticoid responsiveness. To date, the mechanism underlying the association between obesity and asthma remain to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated the correlation between oxidative stress and the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway in obese asthmatic mice. The animals were divided into the following groups: Control (n=8), comprising C57BL/6J mice without exposure to a high-fat diet; non-obese asthma group (n=8), comprising mice of a normal weight subjected to the induction of asthma; obese control group (n=8), comprising C57BL/6J mice subjected to a high-fat diet; and obese asthmatic group (n=8), comprising obese mice subject to the induction of asthma. The levels of the malondialdehyde (MDA) oxidant and glutathione (GSH) antioxidant in the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured using ELISA. The expression levels of inhibitory κB kinase-β (IKK-β) and the inhibitor of κBα (IκB-α) in the pulmonary tissues was determined using western blot analysis. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay was performed to determine the transcription activity of NF-κB. The levels of MDA in the BALF and lung tissues increased significantly in the two asthmatic groups, compared with the control groups (P<0.01). The asthmatic mice showed significantly lower concentrations of GSH in the BALF and lung tissues, compared with the control groups (P<0.01). In the asthmatic animals, the expression of IκB kinase (IKK)-β and activation of NF-κB were upregulated in the pulmonary tissues, compared with those in the control groups (P<0.01). The expression of IKK-β and transcriptional activity of NF-κB were significantly higher the in obese asthmatic mice, compared with the non-obese asthmatic mice (P<0.01). On examining the expression levels of IκB-α in the pulmonary tissues, a significant reduction was found in the asthmatic animals, compared with the controls (P<0.01). In addition, the level of IκB-α was significantly lower in the obese asthmatics, compared with the non-obese asthmatics (P<0.01). MDA was positively correlated with NF-κB in the obese asthmatic group (R=0.83; P<0.05) and non-obese asthmatic group (R=0.82; P<0.05). Oxidative stress was upregulated in the pulmonary tissues of the asthmatic mice. This upregulation was more marked in the obese asthmatic mice, and was positively correlated with activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in the pulmonary tissues. The results in the present study indicated that higher oxidative stress and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway were observed in the lung tissues of the obese asthmatics. Furthermore, a positive correlation was identified between oxidative stress and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Rongjun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Baochun Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Renzheng Guan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Tang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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Ben Anes A, Ben Nasr H, Fetoui H, Bchir S, Chahdoura H, Yacoub S, Garrouch A, Benzarti M, Tabka Z, Chahed K. Alteration in systemic markers of oxidative and antioxidative status in Tunisian patients with asthma: relationships with clinical severity and airflow limitation. J Asthma 2015; 53:227-37. [PMID: 26516659 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2015.1087559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the systemic oxidant-antioxidant status in Tunisian patients with asthma. METHODS We evaluated the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) as thiobarbituric acid complexes, total protein carbonyls (PCs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP). The levels of total thiols, protein sulfhydryls, glutathione (GSH), together with hydrogen peroxide, ascorbic acid, iron and total antioxidant status (TAS) were colorimetrically estimated. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were assessed in plasma and erythrocytes by spectrophotometry. We also determined the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite in plasma from asthmatic patients and healthy controls. The volume of fractionated exhaled NO (FeNO) was evaluated by the Medisoft HypAir method. Estimation of DNA damage was determined using the comet assay. RESULTS Asthmatic patients showed increased levels of MDA in comparison to healthy controls (p < 0.001), while no significant difference was found in protein carbonyls (p = 0.79) and AOPP (p = 0.98). Patients with asthma also had significantly lower levels of total thiols (355.9 ± 15.72 versus 667.9 ± 22.65, p < 0.001), protein sulfhydryls (333.99 ± 16.41 versus 591.95 ± 24.28, p < 0.001) and glutathione (p < 0.001). They also showed decreased GSH-Px activity (p < 0.001), whereas no significant differences in measurements of catalase and SOD enzyme activities were observed between the two groups (respectively, p = 0.06 and p = 0.55). In addition, ascorbic acid and nitric oxide levels were decreased in asthmatics in comparison to controls (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight that oxidative stress and defective anti-oxidative status are major alterations in Tunisian patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Ben Anes
- a Unité de Recherche UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'Exercice et Physiopathologie, de l'Intégré au Moléculaire, Biologie, Médecine et Santé, Université de Sousse , Sousse, Tunisia .,b Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte , Université de Carthage , Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Hela Ben Nasr
- a Unité de Recherche UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'Exercice et Physiopathologie, de l'Intégré au Moléculaire, Biologie, Médecine et Santé, Université de Sousse , Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- c Faculté des Sciences de Sfax , Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie-Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé (UR/11 ES70) , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Bchir
- a Unité de Recherche UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'Exercice et Physiopathologie, de l'Intégré au Moléculaire, Biologie, Médecine et Santé, Université de Sousse , Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hassiba Chahdoura
- d Génome, Diagnostic Immunitaire et valorisation, Unité de Recherche 03/UR/09-01, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir , Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Yacoub
- e Unité de Recherche, UR06SP05, Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine, CHU Farhat Hached , Sousse-Tunisia
| | | | - Mohamed Benzarti
- f Service de Pneumo-Allergologie, CHU Farhat Hached , Sousse-Tunisia , and
| | - Zouhair Tabka
- a Unité de Recherche UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'Exercice et Physiopathologie, de l'Intégré au Moléculaire, Biologie, Médecine et Santé, Université de Sousse , Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Karim Chahed
- a Unité de Recherche UR12ES06, Physiologie de l'Exercice et Physiopathologie, de l'Intégré au Moléculaire, Biologie, Médecine et Santé, Université de Sousse , Sousse, Tunisia .,g Faculté des Sciences de Sfax , Université de Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
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Adeyemi O, Owoseni M. Polyphenolic content and biochemical evaluation of fijk, alomo, osomo and oroki herbal mixtures in vitro. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Emin O, Hasan A, Rusen DM. Plasma paraoxonase, oxidative status level, and their relationship with asthma control test in children with asthma. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2015; 43:346-52. [PMID: 25305730 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of asthma with a control test has been suggested as a relevant approach in recent years. However, no biomarker of systemic inflammation has been included in the assessment of asthma control. OBJECTIVE To evaluate plasma paraoxonase (PON1), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in children with asthma according to the disease control, and the performance in the identification of uncontrolled patients. METHODS Stable asthmatic children (n=85) and healthy controls (n=55) were recruited for this study. Blood samples were collected for plasma PON1, TOS, and TAS measurements. Any contributing factors that may affect plasma PON1, TAS, and TOS levels were excluded from both groups. The diagnostic potential of these measures was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS Comparing the asthmatic children with the control group, plasma TAS and TOS levels were significantly higher (TAS; 6.9 ± 2.1, 1.05 ± 0.32, P<0.001, and TOS; 12.5 ± 3.4, 5.5 ± 3.8, P<0.001, respectively) and PON1 level was significantly lower (156.5 ± 55, 298.6 ± 87.6, respectively, P<0.001) in the asthmatic group than controls. In ROC analysis, PON1 presented an AUC 0.679 and TOS presented an AUC 0.645 for the identification of uncontrolled asthma, respectively. Asthma Control Test (ACT) presented an AUC of 0.972 for the identification of uncontrolled asthma. CONCLUSION PON1 and TOS levels may be systemic markers of uncontrolled asthma in children. Combined use of these two biomarkers with asthma control test may identify patients with uncontrolled asthma in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Emin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - A Hasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kurtalan National Government Hospital, Kurtalan-Siirt, Turkey
| | - D M Rusen
- Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Larkin EK, Gao YT, Gebretsadik T, Hartman TJ, Wu P, Wen W, Yang G, Bai C, Jin M, Roberts LJ, Gross M, Shu XO, Hartert TV. New risk factors for adult-onset incident asthma. A nested case-control study of host antioxidant defense. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 191:45-53. [PMID: 25408961 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201405-0948oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Host antioxidant defense, consisting of enzymatic antioxidant activity and nonenzymatic antioxidant micronutrients, is implicated in asthma pathogenesis. Studies of antioxidant defense and adult incident asthma have either used measures of antioxidants estimated from questionnaires or not considered enzymatic aspects of host defense. OBJECTIVES We conducted the first study designed and powered to investigate the association of antioxidant defenses on adult incident asthma. METHODS In a nested case-control study, we followed Shanghai women (aged 40-70 years) without prevalent asthma at baseline, over 8 years. Subjects with incident asthma were ascertained prospectively by gold standard testing of symptomatic women and matched to two asymptomatic control subjects. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Baseline urinary F2-isoprostanes, plasma concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients (tocopherols, xanthines, carotenes, and lycopene), and antioxidant enzyme activity (platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase [PAF-AH] and superoxide dismutase) were measured from samples collected before disease onset. Among 65,372 women, 150 (0.24%) developed asthma. F2-isoprostane levels before asthma onset were not different between cases and control subjects. Doubling of α-tocopherol concentrations and PAF-AH activity was associated with 50 and 37% decreased risk of incident asthma (α-tocopherol: adjusted odds ratio = 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.84; PAF-AH: adjusted odds ratio = 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.93). CONCLUSIONS In this prospective study, α-tocopherol, within normal reference ranges, and PAF-AH enzymatic activity were associated with decreased asthma development. These modifiable risk factors may be an effective strategy to test for primary asthma prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K Larkin
- 1 Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
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17
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Zanatta AL, Miranda DTSZ, Dias BCL, Campos RM, Massaro MC, Michelotto PV, West AL, Miles EA, Calder PC, Nishiyama A. Fish oil supplementation decreases oxidative stress but does not affect platelet-activating factor bioactivity in lungs of asthmatic rats. Lipids 2014; 49:665-75. [PMID: 24858941 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-014-3914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fish oil supplementation increases the content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in cellular membranes. The highly unsaturated nature of n-3 PUFA could result in an enhanced lipid peroxidation in the oxidative environment characteristic of asthma. The oxidative reaction cascade culminates in an increased production of components associated to oxidative stress and of an important proinflammatory mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF)-like lipid. We evaluated the effect of fish oil supplementation in asthmatic rats upon the PAF bioactivity and parameters related to oxidative stress in the lung. Fish oil supplementation of asthmatic rats resulted in lower concentrations of nitrite (1.719 ± 0.137 vs. 2.454 ± 0.163 nmol/mL) and lipid hydroperoxide (72.190 ± 7.327 vs. 120.200 ± 11.270 nmol/mg protein). In asthmatic animals, fish oil increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) (33.910 ± 2.325 vs. 24.110 ± 0.618 U/mg protein) and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) (164.100 ± 31.250 vs. 12.590 ± 5.234 U/mg protein). However, fish oil did not affect PAF bioactivity in lung tissue of asthmatic rats (0.545 ± 0.098 340/380 vs. 0.669 ± 0.101 340/380 nm ratio). Considering the two-step process--oxidative stress and PAF bioactivity--fish oil exhibited a divergent action on these aspects of asthmatic inflammation, since the supplement lowered oxidative stress in the lungs of asthmatic rats, presenting an antioxidant effect, but did not affect PAF bioactivity. This suggests a dual effect of fish oil on oxidative stress and inflammation in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Zanatta
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Bairro Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, CEP 81531-990, Brazil,
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Burburan SM, Silva JD, Abreu SC, Samary CS, Guimarães IHL, Xisto DG, Morales MM, Rocco PRM. Effects of inhalational anaesthetics in experimental allergic asthma. Anaesthesia 2014; 69:573-82. [PMID: 24666314 DOI: 10.1111/anae.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether isoflurane, halothane and sevoflurane attenuate the inflammatory response and improve lung morphofunction in experimental asthma. Fifty-six BALB/c mice were sensitised and challenged with ovalbumin and anaesthetised with isoflurane, halothane, sevoflurane or pentobarbital sodium for one hour. Lung mechanics and histology were evaluated. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory (tumour necrosis factor-α), pro-fibrogenic (transforming growth factor-β) and pro-angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor) mediators, as well as oxidative process modulators, were analysed. These modulators included nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2, sirtuin, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Isoflurane, halothane and sevoflurane reduced airway resistance, static lung elastance and atelectasis when compared with pentobarbital sodium. Sevoflurane minimised bronchoconstriction and cell infiltration, and decreased tumour necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, vascular endothelial growth factor, sirtuin, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, while increasing nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 expression. Sevoflurane down-regulated inflammatory, fibrogenic and angiogenic mediators, and modulated oxidant-antioxidant imbalance, improving lung function in this model of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Burburan
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Brazilian National Cancer Institute - INCa, and Ipanema Federal Hospital, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Misso NLA, Thompson PJ. Oxidative stress and antioxidant deficiencies in asthma: potential modification by diet. Redox Rep 2013; 10:247-55. [PMID: 16354413 DOI: 10.1179/135100005x70233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs of asthmatic patients are exposed to oxidative stress due to the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as a consequence of chronic airway inflammation. Increased concentrations of NO*, H2O2 and 8-isoprostane have been measured in exhaled breath and induced sputum of asthmatic patients. O2*-, NO*, and halides interact to form highly reactive species such as peroxynitrite and HOBr, which in turn cause nitration and bromination of protein tyrosine residues. Oxidative stress may also reduce glutathione levels and cause inactivation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, with a consequent increase in apoptosis, shedding of airway epithelial cells and airway remodelling. The oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium in asthmatic patients may be further perturbed by low dietary intakes of the antioxidant vitamins C and E, selenium and flavonoids, with a consequent lowering of the concentrations of these and other non-dietary antioxidants such as bilirubin and albumin in plasma and airway epithelial lining fluid. Although supplementation with vitamins C and E appears to offer protection against the adverse effects of ozone, recent randomised, placebo-controlled trials of vitamin C or E supplements for patients with mild asthma have not shown significant benefits over standard therapy. However, genetic variation in glutathione S-transferase may influence the susceptibility of asthmatic individuals to oxidative stress and the extent to which they are likely to benefit from antioxidant supplementation. Long-term prospective trials are required to determine whether modification of dietary intake will benefit asthma patients and reduce the socio-economic burden of asthma in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil L A Misso
- Asthma & Allergy Research Institute (Inc) and Centre for Asthma, Allergy & Respiratory Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Hegde AM, Raj K, Shetty S. Relation of caries status on the salivary total antioxidant levels in asthmatic children. Contemp Clin Dent 2013; 3:402-5. [PMID: 23633798 PMCID: PMC3636822 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.107426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study the correlation between the caries status and the salivary antioxidant levels among asthmatic children. Settings and Design: One hundred children within the age group of 6 12 years were selected and equally subdivided into children having a history of asthma and their healthy siblings. Materials and Methods: Salivary antioxidant levels were assessed using spectrophotometric method, and the caries status was recorded using DMFT (Decayed, missing and Filled Teeth Index) and dft (decayed, filled teeth index) index. Result: The salivary antioxidant levels were reduced among the asthmatic children which was statistically highly significant, whereas the caries prevalence was reduced, but not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitha M Hegde
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Children Dentistry, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
CONTEXT: Asthma is a chronic airway disorder which is associated to the inflammatory cells. Inflammatory and immune cells generate more reactive oxygen species in patients suffering from asthma which leads to tissue injury. AIMS: To investigate the role of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in disease progression of asthmatic patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: In this study, 130 asthmatic patients and 70 healthy controls were documented. METHODS: For this malondialdehyde level, total protein carbonyls, sulfhydryls, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total blood glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Analysis of the data was done using unpaired student t test and one-way ANOVA analysis. P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The present work showed that the systemic levels of MDA (4.19 ± 0.10 nmol/ml, P < 0.001) and protein carbonyls (1.13 ± 0.02 nmol/mg, P < 0.001) were found to be remarkably higher in asthmatic patients while protein sulfhydryls (0.55 ± 0.01 mmol/l, P < 0.05) decreased as compared to controls (2.84 ± 0.12 nmol/ml, 0.79 ± 0.02 nmol/mg and 0.60 ± 0.02 mmol/l, respectively). We also observed decrease in activities of SOD (2047 ± 50.34 U/g Hb, P < 0.05), catalase (4374 ± 67.98 U/g Hb, P < 0.01), and GPx (40.97 ± 1.05 U/g Hb, P < 0.01) in erythrocytes compared to control (2217 ± 60.11 U/g Hb, 4746 ± 89.94 U/g Hb, and 48.37 ± 2.47 U/g Hb, respectively). FRAP level (750.90 ± 21.22 μmol/l, P < 0.05) in plasma was decreased, whereas total blood glutathione increased (0.94 ± 0.02 mmol/l, P < 0.05) as seen in control (840.40 ± 28.39 μmol/l and 0.84 ± 0.04 mmol/l). CONCLUSIONS: This work supports and describes the hypothesis that an imbalance between oxidant-antioxidant is associated to the oxidative stress which plays a significant role in severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India ; Department of T.B. and Respiratory Diseases, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Celik M, Tuncer A, Soyer OU, Saçkesen C, Tanju Besler H, Kalayci O. Oxidative stress in the airways of children with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2012; 23:556-61. [PMID: 22435922 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2012.01294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Even though it is well known that oxidant stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma, less is known about allergic rhinitis. Moreover, it is not known whether the co-existence of the two diseases augments the level of oxidant stress within a united airway concept. AIM To define the level of oxidative stress in children with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in nasal and oral exhaled breath condensates (EBC) of children. METHOD Children aged 6-18 years with asthma (n = 28), allergic rhinitis (n = 17), asthma and allergic rhinitis (n = 100), and healthy controls (n = 74) were enrolled in the study. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH) as an antioxidant were measured by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography in the EBC. RESULTS Malondialdehyde levels were higher, and GSH levels were lower in all patient groups compared to healthy controls in both nasal and oral EBC samples (p < 0.01) but there were no differences among the different patient groups. Interestingly, oral MDA levels were lower in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis [17.78 nM (11.62-23.94)] compared to patients with asthma only [25.71 nM (18.81-32.61)] (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION Both asthma and allergic rhinitis are associated with increased oxidative stress in the airways in children. However, the co-existence of the two diseases does not augment the oxidant stress further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melda Celik
- Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Unit, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Fitzpatrick AM, Jones DP, Brown LAS. Glutathione redox control of asthma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:375-408. [PMID: 22304503 PMCID: PMC3353819 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways associated with airway hyper-responsiveness and airflow limitation in response to specific triggers. Whereas inflammation is important for tissue regeneration and wound healing, the profound and sustained inflammatory response associated with asthma may result in airway remodeling that involves smooth muscle hypertrophy, epithelial goblet-cell hyperplasia, and permanent deposition of airway extracellular matrix proteins. Although the specific mechanisms responsible for asthma are still being unraveled, free radicals such as reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are important mediators of airway tissue damage that are increased in subjects with asthma. There is also a growing body of literature implicating disturbances in oxidation/reduction (redox) reactions and impaired antioxidant defenses as a risk factor for asthma development and asthma severity. Ultimately, these redox-related perturbations result in a vicious cycle of airway inflammation and injury that is not always amenable to current asthma therapy, particularly in cases of severe asthma. This review will discuss disruptions of redox signaling and control in asthma with a focus on the thiol, glutathione, and reduced (thiol) form (GSH). First, GSH synthesis, GSH distribution, and GSH function and homeostasis are discussed. We then review the literature related to GSH redox balance in health and asthma, with an emphasis on human studies. Finally, therapeutic opportunities to restore the GSH redox balance in subjects with asthma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Birbian N, Singh J, Jindal SK, Joshi A, Batra N, Singla N. GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms as major risk factors for asthma in a North Indian population. Lung 2012; 190:505-12. [PMID: 22484660 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-012-9385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the National Family Health Survey, asthma is one of the leading diseases in India. In order to understand the complexity of asthma, the susceptibility genes need to be targeted for their association. Glutathione S-transferases play a major role in the detoxification of metabolites of oxidative stress resulting in inflammation and asthma. In the present study, the hypothesis that GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms are associated with asthma was examined. METHODS This is the first study to investigate the role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms in asthma pathogenesis in a North Indian population. A total of 824 subjects were recruited, of which 410 were asthma patients, including 323 patients suffering from allergic rhinitis. The other 414 recruits were healthy controls from regions of North India. Multiplex PCR was used for genotyping the GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms. RESULTS The GSTT1 null allele was more prevalent in asthma patients (40 %) than in the control subjects (13.3 %), which yielded a nearly fourfold risk towards asthma with odds ratio (OR) (95 % CI) = 4.35 (3.04-6.24), χ(2) = 75.34, and p = 0.000. The GSTM1 polymorphism also revealed a greater prevalence of the GSTM1 null allele in asthma patients (46.6 %) than in controls (39.4 %). Statistical analysis yielded a marginal risk toward asthma with OR (95 % CI) = 1.34 (1.01-1.79), χ(2) = 4.37, and p = 0.036. CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms as a result of deletions in the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes confer an increased risk towards asthma thereby suggesting the protective role of these functional genes in the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niti Birbian
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Karam RA, Pasha HF, El-Shal AS, Rahman HMA, Gad DM. Impact of glutathione-S-transferase gene polymorphisms on enzyme activity, lung function and bronchial asthma susceptibility in Egyptian children. Gene 2012; 497:314-9. [PMID: 22326267 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a complex multifactorial disease with an obvious genetic predisposition. Polymorphisms of the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes are known risk factors for some environmentally-related diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of polymorphisms in the GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 genes and asthma susceptibility in Egyptian children, and to analyze their effect on GST activity and lung function. METHODS GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphism was genotyped using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and GSTP1 ILe105Val polymorphism was determined using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 168 healthy and 126 asthmatic children (82 atopic and 44 nonatopic). Also GST enzyme activity and lung function were evaluated. RESULTS Asthmatic children had a significant higher prevalence of the GSTM1 null (P=0.003) and significant lower prevalence of GSTP1 Val/Val genotypes (P=0.02) than control group. Lung function was significantly decreased in GSTM1 null genotype and GSTP1 Ile/Ile genotype. GSTP1 Val/Val genotypes and GSTM1 null genotype had a significant decrease in plasma GST activity. CONCLUSIONS GST genes polymorphisms may play an important role in pathogenesis and susceptibility to asthma in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab A Karam
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Nishiyama A, Zanatta AL, Junior PVM. The prevention of oxidative stress improve asthmatic inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2012.38132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that results in airflow limitation, hyperreactivity, and airway remodeling. There is strong evidence that an imbalance between the reducing and oxidizing systems favoring a more oxidative state is present in asthma. Endogenous and exogenous reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, hypohalite radical, and hydrogen peroxide, and reactive nitrogen species, such as nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and nitrite, play a major role in the airway inflammation and are determinants of asthma severity. Asthma is also associated with decreased antioxidant defenses, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge and discuss the current and future strategies for the modulation of oxidative stress in asthma.
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Fabian E, Pölöskey P, Kósa L, Elmadfa I, Réthy LA. Activities of antioxidant enzymes in relation to oxidative and nitrosative challenges in childhood asthma. J Asthma 2011; 48:351-7. [PMID: 21401389 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2011.560319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationship between antioxidant enzyme activities, extent of airway inflammation, and systemic oxidative stress in children suffering from atopic asthma. METHODS A total of 35 asthmatic (AG) and 21 healthy children (CG) participated in this study. The volume of fractionated exhaled NO (Fe(no)) was measured with the NIOX test system. The activities of the erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined photometrically. Plasma interleukin (IL)-6 was measured using ELISA; malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were analyzed using HPLC. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, asthmatic children exhaled a significantly (p < .001) higher mean volume of Fe(no), had significantly reduced plasma concentrations of TAC (p = .006), and significantly enhanced levels of MDA (p < .001) and IL-6 (p = .012). SOD (p = .027), CAT (p < .001), and GSH-Px (p = .005) were significantly less active in the asthma group and significantly negatively associated with Fe(no) (SOD/Fe(no): p = .017; CAT/Fe(no): p = .008; GSH-Px/Fe(no): p = .001); the oxidative stress marker MDA showed such correlations in both investigated groups (SOD/MDA: AG: p = .001, CG: p = .381; CAT/MDA: AG: p = .003, CG: p = .020; GSH-Px/MDA: AG: p = .006, CG: p = .011). Furthermore, there was a significant (p< .01) positive correlation between MDA/Fe(no) and MDA/IL-6 observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that inflammation of the bronchial tree, reflected by increased NO formation in the airways and enhanced systemic oxidative stress, is related to an alteration of antioxidant enzyme activities in childhood asthma. Modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes may therefore have beneficial effects on pulmonary and systemic antioxidant defense mechanisms and could reduce airway inflammation and oxidative stress in asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Fabian
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Al-Afaleg NO, Al-Senaidy A, El-Ansary A. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in Saudi asthmatic patients. Clin Biochem 2011; 44:612-7. [PMID: 21320478 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder associated with recruitment of inflammatory cells. This study aims to clarify the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in the deterioration accompanied asthma. DESIGN AND METHODS Vitamin E, Vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status together with the concentrations of lipid peroxides, total nitrates and oxidative DNA damage (8-oxodeoxyguanine) were determined in plasma or whole blood of 47 Saudi asthmatic patients and compared to age-matching control samples. RESULTS The present study showed that asthmatic patients have significantly decreased levels of GSH, α-tocopherol, GPx, total antioxidant status and higher levels of SOD, lipid peroxides, total nitrate and 8-oxo-dG. Vitamin C recorded more or less similar levels in both groups. CONCLUSION Alteration of the selected measured parameters confirms that oxidative stress and defective antioxidant status could represent the primary causative factor in the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf O Al-Afaleg
- Biochemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, P.O. box 22452, Zip code 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Reynaert NL. Glutathione biochemistry in asthma. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1810:1045-51. [PMID: 21281701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress in an important hallmark of asthma and much research has therefore focused on the predominant antioxidant in the lungs, namely the tripeptide glutathione. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In lung samples of patients with asthma increased levels of glutathione are typically observed, which appear to relate to the level of pulmonary inflammation and are therefore regarded as an adaptive response to the associated oxidative stress. Also in blood samples increased total GSH levels have been reported, representing the systemic inflammatory component of the disease. In addition, a number of the antioxidant enzymes involved in the maintenance of the GSH/GSSG ratio as well as enzymes that utilize GSH have been found to be altered in the lungs and blood of asthmatics and will be summarized in this review. Very few studies have however linked enzymatic alterations to GSH levels or found that either of these correlated with disease severity. Some animal studies have started to investigate the pathophysiological role of GSH biochemistry in asthma and have yielded surprising results. Important in this respect is the physiological role of the GSH redox equilibrium in determining the outcome of immune responses, which could be deregulated in asthmatics and contribute to the disease. SCOPE OF REVIEW Clinical data as well as animal and cell culture studies regarding these aspects of GSH in the context of asthma will be summarized and discussed in this review. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biochemistry of Asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nutrim School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
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Livnat G, Bentur L, Kuzmisnsky E, Nagler RM. Salivary profile and oxidative stress in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. J Oral Pathol Med 2009; 39:16-21. [PMID: 19656266 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00813.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by altered exocrine secretions; however, no comprehensive compositional profile of CF serous and mucous saliva secretions has been published. DESIGN We analyzed salivary flow rate and composition, and oxidative stress-related parameters, comparing CF patients with non-CF bronchiectasis patients and the healthy controls. RESULTS Median salivary magnesium concentration and lactate dehydrogenase activity were significantly lower in CF patients than in the healthy controls. Salivary total protein concentration was 45% higher in CF patients than in non-CF bronchiectasis patients. CF patients showed 8% lower levels of peroxidase compared with non-CF bronchiectasis. Salivary total antioxidant status, superoxide dismutase and uric acid values in the CF group were higher by 15%, 35% and 31%, respectively, than in both control groups. CONCLUSIONS Cystic fibrosis patients demonstrated altered salivary profile, especially in antioxidant enzymatic and molecular activity, possibly resulting from the oral cavity's ongoing inflammatory and oxidative process. Free radical mechanisms may be involved in CF pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Livnat
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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Cakmak A, Zeyrek D, Atas A, Celik H, Aksoy N, Erel O. Serum prolidase activity and oxidative status in patients with bronchial asthma. J Clin Lab Anal 2009; 23:132-8. [PMID: 19288447 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a disease where there is an accumulation of collagen in the reticular basal membrane of the airway leading to chronic inflammation. The enzyme prolidase plays an important role in the breakdown of collagen and the breakdown of intracellular protein especially in the final stage when peptides and dipeptides contain a high level of proline. To evaluate the relationship between prolidase activity and oxidative status in asthma patients. Comparison was made between 42 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma and 32 healthy children of similar age and gender. Serum prolidase activity was measured spectrophotometrically. Oxidative status was determined using total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) measurement. The prolidase activity of the asthma patient group was statistically significant compared with the control group (P< or =0.001). TAC and TOS levels in the asthma patient group were higher than the control group (P< or =0.001, P< or =0.002, respectively). No correlation was found between the prolidase and oxidative levels of the two groups. A positive correlation was determined between the prolidase activity and TAC in the asthma patient group (P< or =0.001, r=0.501). The prolidase enzyme activity, which plays a role in the collagen turnover, was low in the asthma patients; therefore, their collagen metabolism had undergone a change and this indicates that there may be an effect on the accumulation of collagen in the reticular basal membrane. Moreover, the high level of TOS indicates that these patients were exposed to severe oxidative stress with an increased TAC response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpay Cakmak
- Department of Pediatry, Medical School of Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
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Fitzpatrick AM, Teague WG, Holguin F, Yeh M, Brown LAS. Airway glutathione homeostasis is altered in children with severe asthma: evidence for oxidant stress. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 123:146-152.e8. [PMID: 19130935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe asthma is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and increased formation of reactive oxygen species. OBJECTIVES Glutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF). We hypothesized that airway GSH homeostasis was altered in children with severe asthma and was characterized by decreased GSH and increased glutathione disulfide (GSSG) concentrations. METHODS Bronchoalveolar lavage was obtained from 65 children with severe asthma, including 35 children with baseline airway obstruction evidenced by FEV(1) <80%. Control data were obtained from 6 children with psychogenic (habit) cough or vocal cord dysfunction undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy and 35 healthy adult controls. GSH, GSSG, and other determinants of airway oxidative stress including glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostane, and H(2)O(2) were measured in the ELF. The ELF redox potential was calculated from GSH and GSSG by using the Nernst equation. RESULTS Compared with controls, subjects with severe asthma had lower airway GSH with increased GSSG despite no differences in GST, GR, and GPx activities between groups. This was accompanied by increased malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostane, and H(2)O(2) concentrations in the ELF. GSH oxidation was most apparent in subjects with severe asthma with airway obstruction and was supported by an upward shift in the ELF GSH redox potential. CONCLUSION Children with severe asthma have increased biomarkers of oxidant stress in the ELF that are associated with increased formation of GSSG and a shift in the GSH redox potential toward the more oxidized state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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CHAN-YEUNG M, LAI CK, CHAN KS, CHEUNG AH, YAO TJ, HO AS, KO FW, YAM LY, WONG PC, TSANG KW, LAM WK, HO JC, CHU CM, YU WC, CHAN HS, IP MS, HUI DS, TAM CY. The burden of lung disease in Hong Kong: A report from the Hong Kong Thoracic Society. Respirology 2008; 13 Suppl 4:S133-65. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2008.01394.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alexeeff SE, Litonjua AA, Wright RO, Baccarelli A, Suh H, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, Schwartz J. Ozone exposure, antioxidant genes, and lung function in an elderly cohort: VA normative aging study. Occup Environ Med 2008; 65:736-42. [PMID: 18524839 PMCID: PMC2575239 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2007.035253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ozone (O3) exposure is known to cause oxidative stress. This study investigated the acute effects of O(3) on lung function in the elderly, a suspected risk group. It then investigated whether genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant genes (heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) and glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1)) modified these associations. METHODS 1100 elderly men from the Normative Aging Study were examined whose lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)) was measured every 3 years from 1995 to 2005. The study genotyped the GSTP1 Ile105Val and Ala114Val polymorphisms and the (GT)n repeat polymorphism in the HMOX1 promoter, classifying repeats as short (n<25) or long (n> or =25). Ambient O(3) was measured continuously at locations in the Greater Boston area. Mixed linear models were used, adjusting for known confounders. RESULTS A 15 ppb increase in O(3) during the previous 48 h was associated with a 1.25% decrease in FEV(1) (95% CI: -1.96% to -0.54%). This estimated effect was worsened with either the presence of a long (GT)n repeat in HMOX1 (-1.38%, 95% CI: -2.11% to -0.65%) or the presence of an allele coding for Val105 in GSTP1 (-1.69%, 95% CI: -2.63% to -0.75%). A stronger estimated effect of O(3) on FEV(1) was found in subjects carrying both the GSTP1 105Val variant and the HMOX1 long (GT)n repeat (-1.94%, 95% CI: -2.89% to -0.98%). Similar associations were also found between FVC and O(3) exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that O(3) has an acute effect on lung function in the elderly, and the effects may be modified by the presence of specific polymorphisms in antioxidant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Alexeeff
- Stacey E Alexeeff, Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Landmark Center West, 415, 401 Park Dr., Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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Ciencewicki J, Trivedi S, Kleeberger SR. Oxidants and the pathogenesis of lung diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122:456-68; quiz 469-70. [PMID: 18774381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of population-based and epidemiologic associations between oxidant pollutant exposures and cardiopulmonary disease exacerbation, decrements in pulmonary function, and mortality underscores the important detrimental effects of oxidants on public health. Because inhaled oxidants initiate a number of pathologic processes, including inflammation of the airways, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and/or exacerbation of airways disease, it is critical to understand the mechanisms through which exogenous and endogenous oxidants interact with molecules in the cells, tissues, and epithelial lining fluid of the lung. Furthermore, it is clear that interindividual variation in response to a given exposure also exists across an individual lifetime. Because of the potential impact that oxidant exposures may have on reproductive outcomes and infant, child, and adult health, identification of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may influence susceptibility to oxidants remains an important issue. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of oxidant stress in the lung, the role of oxidants in lung disease pathogenesis and exacerbation (eg, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute respiratory distress syndrome), and the potential risk factors (eg, age, genetics) for enhanced susceptibility to oxidant-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ciencewicki
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Taguchi K, Shimada M, Fujii S, Sumi D, Pan X, Yamano S, Nishiyama T, Hiratsuka A, Yamamoto M, Cho AK, Froines JR, Kumagai Y. Redox cycling of 9,10-phenanthraquinone to cause oxidative stress is terminated through its monoglucuronide conjugation in human pulmonary epithelial A549 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 44:1645-55. [PMID: 18294972 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
9,10-Phenanthraquinone (PQ), a component of airborne particulate matter, causes marked cellular protein oxidation and cytotoxicity through a two-electron reduction to 9,10-dihydroxyphenanthrene (PQH2), which is associated with the propagation of reactive oxygen species (K. Taguchi et al., Free Radic. Biol. Med. 43:789-799, 2007). In the present study, we explored a biotransformation pathway for the detoxification of PQ. Exposure of human pulmonary epithelial A549 cells to PQ resulted in a time-dependent appearance of an unknown metabolite in the medium that was identified as the monoglucuronide of PQH2 (PQHG). Whereas a variety of isozymes of uridine 5'-diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGTs) are responsible for PQHG formation, UGT1A10 and UGT1A6 were particularly effective catalysts for glucuronide conjugation. In cell-free systems, PQ exhibited a rapid thiol oxidation and subsequent oxygen consumption in the presence of dithiothreitol, whereas PQHG did not. Unlike the parent compound, PQHG completely lost the ability to oxidize cellular proteins and cause cell death in A549 cells. In addition, deletion of the transcription factor Nrf2 decreased PQHG formation and increased PQ-mediated toxicity of mouse primary hepatocytes. Thus, we conclude that PQHG is a metabolite of PQ, generated through PQH2, that terminates its redox cycling and transports it to extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Taguchi
- Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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Wagner JG, Jiang Q, Harkema JR, Ames BN, Illek B, Roubey RA, Peden DB. Gamma-tocopherol prevents airway eosinophilia and mucous cell hyperplasia in experimentally induced allergic rhinitis and asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 38:501-11. [PMID: 17970781 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02855.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional therapies for asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) such as corticosteroids and antihistamines are not without limitations and side effects. The use of complementary and alternative approaches to treat allergic airways disease, including the use of herbal and dietary supplements, is increasing but their efficacy and safety are relatively understudied. Previously, we have demonstrated that gamma-tocopherol (gammaT), the primary form of dietary vitamin E, is more effective than alpha-tocopherol, the primary form found in supplements and tissue, in reducing systemic inflammation induced by non-immunogenic stimuli. OBJECTIVE We used allergic Brown Norway rats to test the hypothesis that a dietary supplement with gammaT would protect from adverse nasal and pulmonary responses to airway allergen provocation. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized Brown Norway rats were treated orally with gammaT before intranasal provocation with OVA. Twenty-four hours after two challenges, histopathological changes in the nose, sinus and pulmonary airways were compared with gene expression and cytokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma. RESULTS We found that acute dosing for 4 days with gammaT was sufficient to provide broad protection from inflammatory cell recruitment and epithelial cell alterations induced by allergen challenge. Eosinophil infiltration into airspaces and tissues of the lung, nose, sinus and nasolacrimal duct was blocked in allergic rats treated with gammaT. Pulmonary production of soluble mediators PGE(2), LTB(4) and cysteinyl leukotrienes, and nasal expression of IL-4, -5, -13 and IFN-gamma were also inhibited by gammaT. Mucous cell metaplasia, the increase in the number of goblet cells and amounts of intraepithelial mucus storage, was induced by allergen in both pulmonary and nasal airways and decreased by treatment with gammaT. CONCLUSIONS Acute treatment with gammaT inhibits important inflammatory pathways that underlie the pathogenesis of both AR and asthma. Supplementation with gammaT may be a novel complementary therapy for allergic airways disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Wagner
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Wagner JG, Jiang Q, Harkema JR, Illek B, Patel DD, Ames BN, Peden DB. Ozone enhancement of lower airway allergic inflammation is prevented by gamma-tocopherol. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 43:1176-88. [PMID: 17854713 PMCID: PMC4465777 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Revised: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ozone is a commonly encountered environmental oxidant which has been linked to asthma exacerbation in epidemiological studies. Ozone induces airway inflammation and enhances response to inhaled allergen. It has been suggested that antioxidant therapy may minimize the adverse effects of ozone in asthma. We have previously shown that the antioxidant gamma-tocopherol (gammaT), an isoform of vitamin E, also has anti-inflammatory effects. We employed a Brown Norway rat model of ozone-enhanced allergic responses to test the therapeutic effects of gammaT on O(3)-induced airway inflammation. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized rats were intranasally challenged with 0 or 0.5% OVA on Days 1 and 2, and exposed to 0 or 1 ppm ozone (8 h/day) on Days 4 and 5. Rats were also given 0 or 100 mg/kg gammaT on Days 2 through 5. Pulmonary tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected on Day 6. OVA challenge caused increased total cells (267% increase) and eosinophils (4000%) in BALF that was unaffected by ozone exposure. Morphometric evaluation of lung tissue revealed increases in intraepithelial mucosubstances (IM) (300%) and subepithelial eosinophils (400%) in main axial airways. Ozone exposure of allergic rats enhanced IM increases in proximal axial airways (200%), induced cys-leukotrienes, MCP-1, and IL-6 production in BALF, and upregulated expression of IL-5 and IL-13 mRNA. gammaT treatment had no effect on IM increases by allergen, but blocked enhancement by ozone. gammaT attenuated both OVA- or ozone-stimulated eosinophilic infiltration, and increases of BALF cys-leukotrienes, MCP-1, and IL-6, as well as IL-5 and IL-13 mRNA. These data demonstrate broad anti-inflammatory effects of a gammaT and suggest that it may be an effective therapy of allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Wagner
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, 211 Food Safety and Toxicology Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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40
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Jacobson GA, Yee KC, Ng CH. Elevated plasma glutathione peroxidase concentration in acute severe asthma: comparison with plasma glutathione peroxidase activity, selenium and malondialdehyde. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2007; 67:423-30. [PMID: 17558897 DOI: 10.1080/00365510601153353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate plasma glutathione peroxidase concentration, glutathione peroxidase activity, plasma selenium and oxidative stress in acute severe asthma. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was case-control in design, with cases presenting to the emergency department with acute severe asthma and controls randomly selected from a larger cross-sectional study. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was used as a measure of oxidative stress and plasma selenium was measured using ICP-MS. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was analysed using a colorimetric GPx assay and plasma GPx level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Fifteen cases [mean (range) predicted peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) of 43% (20-69)] and 15 matched controls were recruited. MDA levels (mean+/-SD) were higher in acute asthma subjects (1.30+/-0.56 micromol/L) than in controls (0.86+/-0.53 micromol/L; p<0.05). There were no differences between cases and controls for selenium (99+/-34 microg/L versus 109+/-17 microg/L) or for GPx activity (39+/-25 nmol min(-1) mL(-1) versus 38+/-24 nmol min(-1) mL(-1)), however, GPx plasma levels measured by ELISA were higher in cases than controls (22.5+/-10.8 mg/L versus 13.8+/-7.3 mg/L; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with acute severe asthma demonstrated increased MDA levels but no differences in plasma selenium levels or GPx activity. GPx levels measured by ELISA were elevated in severe asthma. These results are consistent with an adaptive up-regulation of GPx to protect against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Jacobson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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41
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Mak JCW, Ho SP, Leung HCM, Cheung AHK, Law BKW, So LKY, Chan JWM, Chau CH, Lam WK, Ip MSM, Chan-Yeung M. Relationship between glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms and enzyme activity in Hong Kong Chinese asthmatics. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 37:1150-7. [PMID: 17651144 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a disease associated with oxidative stress. The glutathione S-transferases (GST) are a group of enzymes that protect cells from oxidative stress. Functional genetic polymorphisms of GST genes (GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1) have previously been reported. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of GST gene polymorphisms and its enzyme activity with the risk of asthma in Hong Kong Chinese adults. METHODS An age- and smoking status-matched case-control study was carried out on 315 patients with asthma and 315 healthy controls. Genotyping was carried out on genomic DNA using the PCR and/or restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Plasma GST activity was measured by fluorometric assay. RESULTS The distribution of various genotypes or alleles of the GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 was not significantly different between patients with asthma and healthy controls. The GSTM1 null genotype was found to be protective from the development of asthma in atopic subjects (odds ratios 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.34-0.90; P=0.017). However, there was no association between GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes and enzyme activity. GSTP1 codon 105 Val variants led to reduced plasma GST activity in healthy controls. Asthma patients had elevated plasma GST activity compared with healthy controls irrespective of their genotypes (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that among atopic subjects, the GSTM1 null genotype is associated with a decreased risk for asthma despite increased level of plasma GST activity in asthma, but it could not distinguish whether this increase is a potentially protective compensatory effect or a pathogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C W Mak
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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42
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Thompson PJ, Chung F. Respirology year-in-review 2006: Basic science. Respirology 2007; 12:184-90. [PMID: 17298449 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2007.01045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The year 2006 was a good year for basic science publications in Respirology with a lot of the studies being relevant to clinical practice. In this respect many of the publications focused on biomarkers of disease and so much so that these have been discussed at the end of this review. The majority of manuscripts are related to airway diseases, respiratory infections, interstitial lung diseases and lung cancers, and are discussed under these headings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Thompson
- Lung Institute of Western Australia, Centre for Asthma, Allergy & Respiratory Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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Bentur L, Mansour Y, Brik R, Eizenberg Y, Nagler RM. Salivary oxidative stress in children during acute asthmatic attack and during remission. Respir Med 2007; 100:1195-201. [PMID: 16321513 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2005.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2005] [Revised: 10/19/2005] [Accepted: 10/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with asthma generate an increased amount of reactive oxygen species from peripheral blood cells, which may contribute to its pathogenesis. Saliva analysis is non-invasive and friendly to children. We undertook this study to analyze the salivary oxidative profile and composition in children with asthma during attack and remission, and to compare them with the levels of salivary antioxidants of healthy control children. METHODS School age (range 6-18 years) children referred to the emergency room for acute asthma were included. Clinical score was assessed, spirometry performed, and saliva samples were collected and analyzed. All measurements were repeated during remission of asthma attack (2-4 weeks after attack). Salivary analysis was performed blindly during asthma attack and the results were compared to those obtained during remission, and to those of the control group. RESULTS Statistically significant decreases in levels of salivary peroxidase enzyme activity were observed in asthmatic children during attack compared with healthy controls, with partial recovery during remission of attack. Similarly decreased levels of calcium concentrations were observed in asthmatic children, accompanied by increased phosphate levels. CONCLUSIONS Children with acute asthma attacks exhibit a decrease in the activity of the most important salivary antioxidant enzyme-peroxidase, which is accompanied by other salivary composition alterations. Hence, acute asthma is manifested by salivary changes. This implies systemic oxidative stress in asthma, which may be reflected in salivary analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Bentur
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, P.O. Box 9602, Haifa 31092, Israel.
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Dharajiya NG, Bacsi A, Boldogh I, Sur S. Pollen NAD(P)H Oxidases and Their Contribution to Allergic Inflammation. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2007; 27:45-63. [PMID: 17276878 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2006.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of NADPH oxidase and its role in allergic inflammation. A background and historical perspectives of NADPH oxidase are first provided, followed by a detailed overview of mammalian NADPH oxidase subunits and their functional organization. Plant NADPH oxidase, the authors' discovery of NADPH oxidase in pollens, and their contribution to allergic inflammation are then discussed, concluding with a discussion of future directions and outstanding questions that require attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh G Dharajiya
- NHLBI Proteomics Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1083, USA
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45
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Changes of antioxidant enzyme activity and heat shock protein content in lymphocytes of children with asthma. ARCH BIOL SCI 2007. [DOI: 10.2298/abs0704257p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether changes in the antioxidant status and expression of major intracellular stress proteins are associated with pathophysiology of childhood asthma and severity of the disease. The activities of copper/zinc (CuZn) and manganese (Mn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 28 stable pediatric patients (11 mild persistent and 17 moderate persistent asthmatics) and 12 healthy children were assessed by native gel assays. The levels of two heat shock proteins (HSPs), Hsp70 and Hsp90, were examined by quantitative Western blot analysis. Moderate asthmatics, in comparison to healthy children, displayed higher activity of CuZnSOD, while differences of MnSOD and CAT activity between the groups of patients were not found. The levels of Hsp90 and the inducible isoform of Hsp70 were increased in moderate asthmatics as compared to mild asthmatics and healthy children. The results demonstrate an imbalance in cellular antioxidant and stress response systems that may contribute to pathogenesis of childhood asthma, but are not necessarily related to severity of the disease.
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46
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Mak JCW, Leung HCM, Ho SP, Ko FWS, Cheung AHK, Ip MSM, Chan-Yeung MMW. Polymorphisms in manganese superoxide dismutase and catalase genes: functional study in Hong Kong Chinese asthma patients. Clin Exp Allergy 2006; 36:440-7. [PMID: 16630148 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. Functional genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase are good candidates for asthma susceptibility. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of the manganese-containing form of SOD (MnSOD) gene at amino acid position 16 (Val16Ala) and catalase gene in the promoter at A-21T and C-262T polymorphisms and asthma in a Hong Kong Chinese population. METHODS The association study was conducted in a case-control design in asthma patients (n=251) and healthy controls (n=316) by genotyping. The functional significance was assessed by determining erythrocyte SOD and catalase activity. RESULTS The Val allele of MnSOD at Val16Ala and the A allele of catalase gene at A-21T were not different between patients and controls, while the C allele of catalase gene at C-262T was found to be significantly different between patients and controls (P=0.033). The less frequent variant of catalase gene (-262T) was found to be protective from the development of asthma in a Hong Kong Chinese non-smoking population (adjusted odds ratio=0.35, 0.15-0.85; P=0.017). Asthma patients had elevated erythrocyte SOD and catalase activities in comparison with healthy controls (P<0.01). However, their activities were not associated with different genotypes within healthy controls or asthma patients. CONCLUSION This is the first report showing that SOD and catalase functional activities are not associated with their respective genetic polymorphisms but related to the presence of asthma in a Hong Kong Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C W Mak
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Reynaert NL, Wouters EFM, Janssen-Heininger YMW. Modulation of glutaredoxin-1 expression in a mouse model of allergic airway disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2006; 36:147-51. [PMID: 16980552 PMCID: PMC1899315 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0259rc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxins (GRX) are antioxidant enzymes that preferentially catalyze the reduction of protein-glutathione mixed disulfides. The formation of mixed disulfides with GSH is known as S-glutathionylation, a post-translational modification that is emerging as an important mode of redox signaling. Since asthma is a disease that is associated with increased oxidative stress and altered antioxidant defenses, we investigated the expression of GRX in a murine model of allergic airway disease. Sensitization and challenge of C57BL/6 mice with ovalbumin resulted in increased expression of GRX1 mRNA, as well as increased amounts of GRX1 protein and total GRX activity in the lung. Because GRX1 expression is prominent in bronchial epithelium, we isolated primary epithelial cells from mouse trachea to investigate the presence of GRX. Primary tracheal epithelial cells were found to express both GRX1 and 2 mRNA and detectable GRX activity. Treatment with IFN-gamma increased the expression of GRX1 and overall GRX activity, resulting in attenuation of protein S-glutathionylation. In contrast, TGF-beta1 caused decreased GRX1 expression and overall GRX activity, leading to markedly enhanced protein S-glutathionylation. GRX1 joins the cadre of antioxidant defenses known to be modulated during allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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48
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Cornejo-Garcia JA, Mayorga C, Torres MJ, Fernandez TD, R-Pena R, Bravo I, Mates JM, Blanca M. Anti-oxidant enzyme activities and expression and oxidative damage in patients with non-immediate reactions to drugs. Clin Exp Immunol 2006; 145:287-95. [PMID: 16879248 PMCID: PMC1809670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse drug reactions with an immunological basis (ADRIB) may involve activation of other concomitant, non-specific mechanisms, amplifying the specific response and contributing to the severity and duration. One concomitant mechanism could be the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or their detoxification by anti-oxidants, including anti-oxidant enzymes. We analysed the activity of the anti-oxidant enzymes Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX), as well as certain markers of oxidative damage (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and carbonyl content) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with non-immediate ADRIB using spectrophotometric methods and the anti-oxidant enzymes expression by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. SOD activity and expression were increased in all types of non-immediate reactions (urticaria, maculopapular exanthema and toxic epidermal necrolysis). Regarding oxidative damage, TBARS were increased in urticaria and maculopapular exanthema, and carbonyl groups in all types of reactions. Our observations indicate that oxidative damage occurs in non-immediate reactions. Carbonyl stress and the inadequacy of the anti-oxidant defences are probable causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Cornejo-Garcia
- Research Laboratory for Allergic Diseases, Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain
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49
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This overview summarizes some recent studies on the balance of oxidants to antioxidants in patients with asthma. The aim of the review is to compare studies on the changes in oxidants/antioxidants in stable asthma or in acute exacerbation of asthma. RECENT FINDINGS Our review of the recent literature in this field seems to indicate conflicting findings. Increased release of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide has been reported in exhaled breath condensates and from circulating granulocytes, and from the bronchoalveolar lavage cells of patients with asthma. In asthma, bronchial obstruction is associated with an increased spontaneous and stimulus-induced production of oxygen free radicals. The primary defense against reactive oxygen species is endogenous antioxidants, which are found to be altered in asthma. A marked decrease in plasma antioxidant capacity occurs. Superoxide dismutase activity is higher in erythrocytes and serum of asthmatic than in normal subjects and is diminished in cells from lavage and brushing samples of patients with asthma. Higher level of erythrocyte catalase activity has only been found in Chinese asthmatic patients while decreased glutathione peroxidase activity has been well documented. SUMMARY Since there are considerable discrepancies in erythrocyte or plasma antioxidant enzyme activity in patients with asthma, the problem at this time is attempting to sort out these conflicting results and to find their roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. There is good evidence that antioxidant compounds may have a potential role in the treatment of asthma, especially of asthma exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith C W Mak
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Millstein J, Conti DV, Gilliland FD, Gauderman WJ. A testing framework for identifying susceptibility genes in the presence of epistasis. Am J Hum Genet 2006; 78:15-27. [PMID: 16385446 PMCID: PMC1380213 DOI: 10.1086/498850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/05/2005] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient testing strategy called the "focused interaction testing framework" (FITF) was developed to identify susceptibility genes involved in epistatic interactions for case-control studies of candidate genes. In the FITF approach, likelihood-ratio tests are performed in stages that increase in the order of interaction considered. Joint tests of main effects and interactions are performed conditional on significant lower-order effects. A reduction in the number of tests performed is achieved by prescreening gene combinations with a goodness-of-fit chi2 statistic that depends on association among candidate genes in the pooled case-control group. Multiple testing is accounted for by controlling false-discovery rates. Simulation analysis demonstrated that the FITF approach is more powerful than marginal tests of candidate genes. FITF also outperformed multifactor dimensionality reduction when interactions involved additive, dominant, or recessive genes. In an application to asthma case-control data from the Children's Health Study, FITF identified a significant multilocus effect between the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) reduced:quinone oxidoreductase gene (NQO1), myeloperoxidase gene (MPO), and catalase gene (CAT) (unadjusted P = .00026), three genes that are involved in the oxidative stress pathway. In an independent data set consisting primarily of African American and Asian American children, these three genes also showed a significant association with asthma status (P = .0008).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Millstein
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
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