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Shan L, Matloubi M, Okwor I, Kung S, Almiski MS, Basu S, Halayko A, Koussih L, Gounni AS. CD11c+ dendritic cells PlexinD1 deficiency exacerbates airway hyperresponsiveness, IgE and mucus production in a mouse model of allergic asthma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309868. [PMID: 39213301 PMCID: PMC11364237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal in regulating allergic asthma. Our research has shown that the absence of Sema3E worsens asthma symptoms in acute and chronic asthma models. However, the specific role of PlexinD1 in these processes, particularly in DCs, remains unclear. This study investigates the role of PlexinD1 in CD11c+ DCs using a house dust mite (HDM) model of asthma. We generated CD11c+ DC-specific PlexinD1 knockout (CD11cPLXND1 KO) mice and subjected them, alongside wild-type controls (PLXND1fl/fl), to an HDM allergen protocol. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was measured using FlexiVent, and immune cell populations were analyzed via flow cytometry. Cytokine levels and immunoglobulin concentrations were assessed using mesoscale and ELISA, while collagen deposition and mucus production were examined through Sirius-red and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining respectively. Our results indicate that CD11cPLXND1 KO mice exhibit significantly exacerbated AHR, characterized by increased airway resistance and tissue elastance. Enhanced mucus production and collagen gene expression were observed in these mice compared to wild-type counterparts. Flow cytometry revealed higher CD11c+ MHCIIhigh CD11b+ cell recruitment into the lungs, and elevated total and HDM-specific serum IgE levels in CD11cPLXND1 KO mice. Mechanistically, co-cultures of B cells with DCs from CD11cPLXND1 KO mice showed significantly increased IgE production compared to wild-type mice.These findings highlight the critical regulatory role of the plexinD1 signaling pathway in CD11c+ DCs in modulating asthma features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mojdeh Matloubi
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ifeoma Okwor
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sam Kung
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mohamed Sadek Almiski
- Department of Anatomy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sujata Basu
- Depertment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Andrew Halayko
- Depertment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Experimental Biology, Université de Saint-Boniface, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Abdelilah S. Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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2
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Alamri A. Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis modulates dendritic cell phenotypes and functions: Current status and future implications. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110815. [PMID: 38772051 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive research review explores the complex interplay between the Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis and dendritic cells (DCs), highlighting its critical role in immune modulation with implications for clinical application Critical regulators of immune responses Dendritic cells are central to adaptive immunity, and the Sema-3E /PlexinD1 axis emerges as a key modulator affecting their phenotypes and functions Review delineates the impact of this signaling axis on DC maturation, migration, antigen presentation, and cytokine production, unravels its multifaceted role in shaping the immune response. Recognizing the limitations and gaps in current knowledge, the study highlights the need for further studies to condition downstream signaling events and related information experienced by the Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis emphasizes the clarity of the immune system. The review concludes by identifying opportunities for translation, focusing on therapeutic and diagnostic potential. It highlights the importance of collaborative, interdisciplinary efforts to address the challenges and harness the therapeutic and pathological potential of targeting the Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis, thus opening the way for transformative advances in immunology and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alamri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Naito M, Kumanogoh A. The role of semaphorins in allergic diseases. Allergol Int 2024; 73:31-39. [PMID: 37635021 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins were originally identified as guidance molecules in neural development. However, accumulating evidence indicates that 'immune semaphorins' are critically involved in regulating immune cell activation, differentiation, mobility and migration. Semaphorins are also intimately associated with the pathogenesis of allergic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Interestingly, reflecting their function in positive or negative regulation of immune cells, levels of some semaphorins are increased while others are decreased in patients with allergic diseases. This review presents the pathogenic functions of immune semaphorins in allergic inflammation and discusses the potential use of these molecules as therapeutic targets for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Naito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Center for Infectious Diseases for Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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4
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Thomas R, Yang X. Semaphorins in immune cell function, inflammatory and infectious diseases. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 4:100060. [PMID: 37645659 PMCID: PMC10461194 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2023.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Semaphorin family is a group of proteins studied broadly for their functions in nervous systems. They consist of eight subfamilies ubiquitously expressed in vertebrates, invertebrates, and viruses and exist in membrane-bound or secreted forms. Emerging evidence indicates the relevance of semaphorins outside the nervous system, including angiogenesis, cardiogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, tumour progression, and, more recently, the immune system. This review provides a broad overview of current knowledge on the role of semaphorins in the immune system, particularly its involvement in inflammatory and infectious diseases, including chlamydial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Thomas
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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5
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Targeting the Semaphorin3E-plexinD1 complex in allergic asthma. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 242:108351. [PMID: 36706796 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogenous airway disease characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling. It affects more than 300 million people worldwide and poses a significant burden on society. Semaphorins, discovered initially as neural guidance molecules, are ubiquitously expressed in various organs and regulate multiple signaling pathways. Interestingly, Semaphorin3E is a critical molecule in lung pathophysiology through its role in both lung development and homeostasis. Semaphorin3E binds to plexinD1, mediating regulatory effects on cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the Semaphorin3E-plexinD1 axis is implicated in asthma, impacting inflammatory and structural cells associated with airway inflammation, tissue remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness. This review details the Semaphorin3E-plexinD1 axis in various aspects of asthma and highlights future directions in research including its potential role as a therapeutic target in airway allergic diseases.
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Sountoulidis A, Marco Salas S, Braun E, Avenel C, Bergenstråhle J, Theelke J, Vicari M, Czarnewski P, Liontos A, Abalo X, Andrusivová Ž, Mirzazadeh R, Asp M, Li X, Hu L, Sariyar S, Martinez Casals A, Ayoglu B, Firsova A, Michaëlsson J, Lundberg E, Wählby C, Sundström E, Linnarsson S, Lundeberg J, Nilsson M, Samakovlis C. A topographic atlas defines developmental origins of cell heterogeneity in the human embryonic lung. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:351-365. [PMID: 36646791 PMCID: PMC9928586 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The lung contains numerous specialized cell types with distinct roles in tissue function and integrity. To clarify the origins and mechanisms generating cell heterogeneity, we created a comprehensive topographic atlas of early human lung development. Here we report 83 cell states and several spatially resolved developmental trajectories and predict cell interactions within defined tissue niches. We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and spatially resolved transcriptomics into a web-based, open platform for interactive exploration. We show distinct gene expression programmes, accompanying sequential events of cell differentiation and maturation of the secretory and neuroendocrine cell types in proximal epithelium. We define the origin of airway fibroblasts associated with airway smooth muscle in bronchovascular bundles and describe a trajectory of Schwann cell progenitors to intrinsic parasympathetic neurons controlling bronchoconstriction. Our atlas provides a rich resource for further research and a reference for defining deviations from homeostatic and repair mechanisms leading to pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Sountoulidis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergio Marco Salas
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emelie Braun
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christophe Avenel
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- BioImage Informatics Facility, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab, Sweden
| | - Joseph Bergenstråhle
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Theelke
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Vicari
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo Czarnewski
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Liontos
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xesus Abalo
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Žaneta Andrusivová
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Reza Mirzazadeh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michaela Asp
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lijuan Hu
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanem Sariyar
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Martinez Casals
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Burcu Ayoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Firsova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Lundberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolina Wählby
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- BioImage Informatics Facility, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab, Sweden
| | - Erik Sundström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Linnarsson
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim Lundeberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christos Samakovlis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Molecular Pneumology, Cardiopulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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7
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Thomas R, Wang S, Rashu R, Peng Y, Gounni AS, Yang X. Exogenous Semaphorin 3E treatment protects against chlamydial lung infection in mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:882412. [PMID: 35983029 PMCID: PMC9379098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies reported that semaphorins play a significant role in various settings of the immune response. In particular, Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), a secreted semaphorin protein, is involved in cell proliferation, migration, inflammatory responses, and host defence against infections. However, the therapeutic function of Sema3E in bacterial infection has not been investigated. Our data showed that exogenous Sema3E treatment protects mice from chlamydial infection with lower bacterial burden, reduced body weight loss, and pathological lung changes. Cytokine analysis in the lung and spleen revealed that Sema3E-Fc treated mice, compared to saline-Fc treated mice, showed enhanced production of IFN-γ and IL-17 but reduced IL-4 and IL-10 production. Cellular analysis showed that Sema3E treatment leads to enhanced Th1/Th17 response but reduced Treg response in lungs following chlamydial infection. Moreover, Sema3E treatment also enhanced the recruitment of pulmonary dendritic cells, which express higher co-stimulatory but lower inhibitory surface molecules. The data demonstrate that Sema3E plays a vital role in protective immunity against chlamydial lung infection, mainly through coordinating functions of T cells and DCs.
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Aktar A, Shan L, Koussih L, Almiski MS, Basu S, Halayko A, Okwor I, Uzonna JE, Gounni AS. PlexinD1 Deficiency in Lung Interstitial Macrophages Exacerbates House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Asthma. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1272-1279. [PMID: 35110420 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial macrophages (IMs) are key regulators of allergic inflammation. We previously showed that the absence of semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) exacerbates asthma features in both acute and chronic asthma models. However, it has not been studied whether Sema3E, via its receptor plexinD1, regulates IM function in allergic asthma. Therefore, we investigated the role of plexinD1 deficiency on IMs in allergic asthma. We found that the absence of plexinD1 in IMs increased airway hyperresponsiveness, airway leukocyte numbers, allergen-specific IgE, goblet cell hyperplasia, and Th2/Th17 cytokine response in the house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma model. Muc5ac, Muc5b, and α-SMA genes were increased in mice with Plxnd1-deficient IMs compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, plexinD1-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages displayed reduced IL-10 mRNA expression, at both the baseline and following HDM challenge, compared with their wild-type counterpart mice. Our data suggest that Sema3E/plexinD1 signaling in IMs is a critical pathway that modulates airway inflammation, airway resistance, and tissue remodeling in the HDM murine model of allergic asthma. Reduced IL-10 expression by plexinD1-deficient macrophages may account for these enhanced allergic asthma features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amena Aktar
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Experimental Biology, Université de Saint-Boniface, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Mohamed S Almiski
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; and
| | - Sujata Basu
- Department of Physiology and Physiopathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Physiopathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ifeoma Okwor
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jude E Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;
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9
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Shen M, Chen Y, Tang W, Ming M, Tian Y, Ding F, Wu H, Ji Y. Semaphorin 3E promote Schwann cell proliferation and migration. Exp Cell Res 2022; 412:113019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Koussih L, Alamri A, Ariaee N, Kung SKP, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E deficiency dysregulates dendritic cell functions: In vitro and in vivo evidence. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252868. [PMID: 34185781 PMCID: PMC8241044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of dendritic cell functions is a complex process in which several mediators play diverse roles as a network in a context-dependent manner. The precise mechanisms underlying dendritic cell functions have remained to be addressed. Semaphorins play crucial roles in regulation of various cell functions. We previously revealed that Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) contributes to regulation of allergen-induced airway pathology partly mediated by controlling recruitment of conventional dendritic cell subsets in vivo, though the underlying mechanism remained elusive. In this study, we investigate the potential regulatory role of Sema3E in dendritic cells. We demonstrated that bone marrow-derived dendritic cells differentiated from Sema3e-/- progenitors have an enhanced migration capacity both at the baseline and in response to CCL21. The enhanced migration ability of Sema3E dendritic cells was associated with an overexpression of the chemokine receptor (CCR7), elevated Rac1 GTPase activity and F-actin polymerization. Using a mouse model of allergic airway sensitization, we observed that genetic deletion of Sema3E leads to a time dependent upregulation of CCR7 on CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Furthermore, aeroallergen sensitization of Sema3e-/- mice lead to an enhanced expression of PD-L2 and IRF-4 as well as enhanced allergen uptake in pulmonary CD11b+ DC, compared to wild type littermates. Collectively, these data suggest that Sema3E implicates in regulation of dendritic cell functions which could be considered a basis for novel immunotherapeutic strategies for the diseases associated with defective dendritic cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department des Sciences Experimentales, Universite de Saint-Boniface, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdulaziz Alamri
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nazila Ariaee
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sam K. P. Kung
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S. Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Semaphorin3E/plexinD1 Axis in Asthma: What We Know So Far! ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:205-213. [PMID: 34019271 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin3E belongs to the large family of semaphorin proteins. Semaphorin3E was initially identified as axon guidance cues in the neural system. It is universally expressed beyond the nervous system and contributes to regulating essential cell functions such as cell migration, proliferation, and adhesion. Binding of semaphorin3E to its receptor, plexinD1, triggers diverse signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases from cancer to autoimmune and allergic disorders. Here, we highlight the novel findings on the role of semaphorin3E in airway biology. In particular, we highlight our recent findings on the function and potential mechanisms by which semaphorin3E and its receptor, plexinD1, impact airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling in the context of asthma.
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12
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Ithal D, Sukumaran SK, Bhattacharjee D, Vemula A, Nadella R, Mahadevan J, Sud R, Viswanath B, Purushottam M, Jain S. Exome hits demystified: The next frontier. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 59:102640. [PMID: 33892377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have complex inheritance patterns, involving both common and rare variants. Whole exome sequencing is a promising approach to find out the rare genetic variants. We had previously reported several rare variants in multiplex families with severe mental illnesses. The current article tries to summarise the biological processes and pattern of expression of genes harbouring the aforementioned variants, linking them to known clinical manifestations through a methodical narrative review. Of the 28 genes considered for this review from 7 families with multiple affected individuals, 6 genes are implicated in various neuropsychiatric manifestations including some variations in the brain morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Another 15 genes, though associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations, did not have established brain morphological changes whereas the remaining 7 genes did not have any previously recorded neuropsychiatric manifestations at all. Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway was associated with 6 of these genes and PI3K/AKT, calcium signaling, ERK, RhoA and notch signaling pathways had at least 2 gene associations. We present a comprehensive review of biological and clinical knowledge about the genes previously reported in multiplex families with severe mental illness. A 'disease in dish approach' can be helpful to further explore the fundamental mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruva Ithal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Salil K Sukumaran
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Alekhya Vemula
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Nadella
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayant Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Reeteka Sud
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Biju Viswanath
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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13
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Dilasser F, Rose L, Hassoun D, Klein M, Rousselle M, Brosseau C, Guignabert C, Taillé C, Dombret MC, Di Candia L, Heddebaut N, Bouchaud G, Pretolani M, Magnan A, Loirand G, Sauzeau V. Essential role of smooth muscle Rac1 in severe asthma-associated airway remodelling. Thorax 2021; 76:326-334. [PMID: 33542087 PMCID: PMC7982925 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Severe asthma is a chronic lung disease characterised by inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and airway remodelling. The molecular mechanisms underlying uncontrolled airway smooth muscle cell (aSMC) proliferation involved in pulmonary remodelling are still largely unknown. Small G proteins of the Rho family (RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42) are key regulators of smooth muscle functions and we recently demonstrated that Rac1 is activated in aSMC from allergic mice. The objective of this study was to assess the role of Rac1 in severe asthma-associated airway remodelling. Methods and results Immunofluorescence analysis in human bronchial biopsies revealed an increased Rac1 activity in aSMC from patients with severe asthma compared with control subjects. Inhibition of Rac1 by EHT1864 showed that Rac1 signalling controlled human aSMC proliferation induced by mitogenic stimuli through the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling pathway. In vivo, specific deletion of Rac1 in SMC or pharmacological inhibition of Rac1 by nebulisation of NSC23766 prevented AHR and aSMC hyperplasia in a mouse model of severe asthma. Moreover, the Rac1 inhibitor prevented goblet cell hyperplasia and epithelial cell hypertrophy whereas treatment with corticosteroids had less effect. Nebulisation of NSC23766 also decreased eosinophil accumulation in the bronchoalveolar lavage of asthmatic mice. Conclusion This study demonstrates that Rac1 is overactive in the airways of patients with severe asthma and is essential for aSMC proliferation. It also provides evidence that Rac1 is causally involved in AHR and airway remodelling. Rac1 may represent as an interesting target for treating both AHR and airway remodelling of patients with severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Carole Brosseau
- Centre de recherche en transplantation, Inserm 1064, Nantes, France
| | | | - Camille Taillé
- Service de Pneumologie et Centre de Référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Hôpital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | | | - Leonarda Di Candia
- Service de Pneumologie et Centre de Référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Hôpital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Antoine Magnan
- Institut du Thorax UMR1087 CNRS 6291, INSERM, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, DHU2020, Nantes, France
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Thomas R, Wang S, Shekhar S, Peng Y, Qiao S, Zhang C, Shan L, Movassagh H, Gounni AS, Yang J, Yang X. Semaphorin 3E Protects against Chlamydial Infection by Modulating Dendritic Cell Functions. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:1251-1265. [PMID: 33504621 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) as a novel mediator of immune responses. However, its function in immunity to infection has yet to be investigated. Using a mouse model of chlamydial lung infection, we show that Sema3E plays a significant role in the host immune response to the infection. We found that Sema3E is induced in the lung after chlamydial infection, and Sema3E deficiency has a detrimental impact on disease course, dendritic cell (DC) function, and T cell responses. Specifically, we found that Sema3E knockout (KO) mice exhibited higher bacterial burden, severe body weight loss, and pathological changes after Chlamydia muridarum lung infection compared with wild-type (WT) mice. The severity of disease in Sema3E KO mice was correlated with reduced Th1/Th17 cytokine responses, increased Th2 response, altered Ab response, and a higher number of regulatory CD4 T cells. Moreover, DCs isolated from Sema3E KO mice showed lower surface expression of costimulatory molecules and production of IL-12, but higher expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, and IL-10 production. Functional DC-T cell coculture studies revealed that DCs from infected Sema3E KO mice failed to induce Th1 and Th17 cell responses compared with DCs from infected WT mice. Upon adoptive transfer, mice receiving DCs from Sema3E KO mice, unlike those receiving DCs from WT mice, were not protected against challenge infection. In conclusion, our data evidenced that Sema3E acts as a critical factor for protective immunity against intracellular bacterial infection by modulating DC functions and T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Thomas
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Shuhe Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Sudhanshu Shekhar
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Sai Qiao
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
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15
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Delmotte P, Marin Mathieu N, Sieck GC. TNFα induces mitochondrial fragmentation and biogenesis in human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L137-L151. [PMID: 33146568 PMCID: PMC7847063 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00305.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In human airway smooth muscle (hASM), mitochondrial volume density is greater in asthmatic patients compared with normal controls. There is also an increase in mitochondrial fragmentation in hASM of moderate asthmatics associated with an increase in dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and a decrease in mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) expression, mitochondrial fission, and fusion proteins, respectively. Proinflammatory cytokines such TNFα contribute to hASM hyperreactivity and cell proliferation associated with asthma. However, the involvement of proinflammatory cytokines in mitochondrial remodeling is not clearly established. In nonasthmatic hASM cells, mitochondria were labeled using MitoTracker Red and imaged in three dimensions using a confocal microscope. After 24-h TNFα exposure, mitochondria in hASM cells were more fragmented, evidenced by decreased form factor and aspect ratio and increased sphericity. Associated with increased mitochondrial fragmentation, Drp1 expression increased while Mfn2 expression was reduced. TNFα also increased mitochondrial biogenesis in hASM cells reflected by increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α expression and increased mitochondrial DNA copy number. Associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, TNFα exposure also increased mitochondrial volume density and porin expression, resulting in an increase in maximum O2 consumption rate. However, when normalized for mitochondrial volume density, O2 consumption rate per mitochondrion was reduced by TNFα exposure. Associated with mitochondrial fragmentation and biogenesis, TNFα also increased hASM cell proliferation, an effect mimicked by siRNA knockdown of Mfn2 expression and mitigated by Mfn2 overexpression. The results of this study support our hypothesis that in hASM cells exposed to TNFα mitochondria are more fragmented, with an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial volume density resulting in reduced O2 consumption rate per mitochondrion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Delmotte
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Natalia Marin Mathieu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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16
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Immune semaphorins: Crucial regulatory signals and novel therapeutic targets in asthma and allergic diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 881:173209. [PMID: 32454117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and allergic diseases are a group of chronic inflammatory disorders that arise as a result of excessive responses of the immune system against intrinsically harmless environmental substances. It is well known that substantial joint characteristics exist between the immune and nervous systems. The semaphorins (Semas) were initially characterized as axon-guidance molecules that play a crucial role during the development of the nervous system. However, increasing evidence indicates that a subset of Semas, termed "immune Semas", acting through their cognate receptors, namely, plexins (Plxns), and neuropilins (Nrps), also contributes to both physiological and pathological responses of the immune system. Notably, immune Semas exert critical roles in regulating a broad spectrum of biological processes, including immune cell-cell interactions, activation, differentiation, cell migration and mobility, angiogenesis, tumor progression, as well as inflammatory responses. Accumulating evidence indicates that the modification in the signaling of immune Semas could lead to various immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, ranging from cancer to autoimmunity and allergies. This review summarizes the recent evidence regarding the role of immune Semas in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergic diseases and discusses their therapeutic potential for treating these diseases.
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17
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Haider MT, Saito H, Zarrer J, Uzhunnumpuram K, Nagarajan S, Kari V, Horn-Glander M, Werner S, Hesse E, Taipaleenmäki H. Breast cancer bone metastases are attenuated in a Tgif1-deficient bone microenvironment. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:34. [PMID: 32272947 PMCID: PMC7146874 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoclast activation is a hallmark of breast cancer-induced bone disease while little is known about the role of osteoblasts in this process. Recently, we identified the homeodomain protein TG-interacting factor-1 (Tgif1) as a crucial regulator of osteoblast function. In this study, we demonstrate that lack of Tgif1 also restricts the progression of breast cancer bone metastases. Methods Transwell migration assays were used to investigate the osteoblast-breast cancer cell interaction in vitro. Molecular analyses included RNA sequencing, immunoblotting, and qRT-PCR. To determine the role of Tgif1 in metastatic bone disease, 4T1 breast cancer cells were injected intracardially into mice with a germ line deletion of Tgif1 (Tgif1−/−) or control littermates (Tgif1+/+). Progression of bone metastases and alterations in the bone microenvironment were assessed using bioluminescence imaging, immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy, and histomorphometry. Results Medium conditioned by osteoblasts stimulated breast cancer cell migration, indicating a potential role of osteoblasts during bone metastasis progression. Tgif1 expression was strongly increased in osteoblasts upon stimulation by breast cancer cells, demonstrating the implication of Tgif1 in the osteoblast-breast cancer cell interaction. Indeed, conditioned medium from osteoblasts of Tgif1−/− mice failed to induce breast cancer cell migration compared to control, suggesting that Tgif1 in osteoblasts augments cancer cell motility. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), which is abundantly secreted by Tgif1−/− osteoblasts, dose-dependently reduced breast cancer cell migration while silencing of Sema3E expression in Tgif1−/− osteoblasts partially restored the impaired migration. In vivo, we observed a decreased number of breast cancer bone metastases in Tgif1−/− mice compared to control littermates. Consistently, the presence of single breast cancer cells or micro-metastases in the tibiae was reduced in Tgif1−/− mice. Breast cancer cells localized in close proximity to Endomucin-positive vascular cells as well as to osteoblasts. Although Tgif1 deficiency did not affect the bone marrow vasculature, the number and activity of osteoblasts were reduced compared to control. This suggests that the protective effect on bone metastases might be mediated by osteoblasts rather than by the bone marrow vasculature. Conclusion We propose that the lack of Tgif1 in osteoblasts increases Sema3E expression and attenuates breast cancer cell migration as well as metastases formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Therese Haider
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hiroaki Saito
- Institute of Molecular Musculoskeletal Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Zarrer
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Uzhunnumpuram
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sankari Nagarajan
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Göttingen, Germany.,Present address: Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vijayalakshmi Kari
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Horn-Glander
- University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Werner
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eric Hesse
- Institute of Molecular Musculoskeletal Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanna Taipaleenmäki
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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18
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Delmotte P, Sieck GC. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Function in Airway Smooth Muscle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:374. [PMID: 32010691 PMCID: PMC6974519 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma affect more than 300 million people world-wide. Inflammation triggers pathophysiology via such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukins (e.g., IL-13). Hypercontraction of airway smooth muscle (ASM) and ASM cell proliferation are major contributors to the exaggerated airway narrowing that occurs during agonist stimulation. An emergent theme in this context is the role of inflammation-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and altered mitochondrial function including an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This may establish a vicious cycle as excess ROS generation leads to further ER stress. Yet, it is unclear whether inflammation-induced ROS is the major mechanism leading to ER stress or the consequence of ER stress. In various diseases, inflammation leads to an increase in mitochondrial fission (fragmentation), associated with reduced levels of mitochondrial fusion proteins, such as mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). Mitochondrial fragmentation may be a homeostatic response since it is generally coupled with mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial volume density thereby reducing demand on individual mitochondrion. ER stress is triggered by the accumulation of unfolded proteins, which induces a homeostatic response to alter protein balance via effects on protein synthesis and degradation. In addition, the ER stress response promotes protein folding via increased expression of molecular chaperone proteins. Reduced Mfn2 and altered mitochondrial dynamics may not only be downstream to ER stress but also upstream such that a reduction in Mfn2 triggers further ER stress. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the link between inflammation-induced ER stress and mitochondrial function and the role played in the pathophysiology of inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Delmotte
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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19
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Movassagh H, Ojo OO, Mohammed A, Shan L, Halayko AJ, Gounni AS. Genetic Deletion of Semaphorin 3E Aggravates Airway Contraction in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:601-603. [PMID: 31042085 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0434le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oluwaseun O Ojo
- 1 University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and.,2 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Lianyu Shan
- 1 University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- 1 University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and.,2 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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20
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Mohammed A, Okwor I, Shan L, Onyilagha C, Uzonna JE, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E Regulates the Response of Macrophages to Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Systemic Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 204:128-136. [PMID: 31776203 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) is a secreted protein that was initially discovered as a neuronal guidance cue. Recent evidence showed that Sema3E plays an essential role in regulating the activities of various immune cells. However, the exact role of Sema3E in macrophage function, particularly during inflammation, is not fully understood. We studied the impact of Sema3E gene deletion on macrophage function during the LPS-induced acute inflammatory response. We found that Sema3E-deficient (Sema3e-/- ) mice were better protected from LPS-induced acute inflammation as exemplified by their superior clinical score and effective temperature control compared with their wild-type littermates. This superior control of inflammatory response in Sema3e-/- mice was associated with significantly lower phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, STAT3, and NF-κB, and a concomitant reduction in inducible NO synthase expression and production of TNF and IL-6 compared with their Sema3e+/+ littermates. Sema3e-/- mice also contained significantly higher numbers of activated macrophages compared with their Sema3e+/+ littermates at both baselines and after LPS challenge. In vivo-specific deletion of the Sema3E high-affinity receptor, plexinD1, on macrophages led to the improvement in clinical disease following exposure to a lethal dose of LPS. Collectively, our data show that Sema3E plays an essential role in dampening the early inflammatory response to LPS by regulating macrophage function, suggesting an essential role of this pathway in macrophage inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaque Mohammed
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Ifeoma Okwor
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Chukwunonso Onyilagha
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jude E Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
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21
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Yap HM, Israf DA, Harith HH, Tham CL, Sulaiman MR. Crosstalk Between Signaling Pathways Involved in the Regulation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Hyperplasia. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1148. [PMID: 31649532 PMCID: PMC6794426 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased ASM mass, primarily due to ASM hyperplasia, has been recognized as a hallmark of airway remodeling in asthma. Increased ASM mass is the major contributor to the airway narrowing, thus worsening the bronchoconstriction in response to stimuli. Inflammatory mediators and growth factors released during inflammation induce increased ASM mass surrounding airway wall via increased ASM proliferation, diminished ASM apoptosis and increased ASM migration. Several major pathways, such as MAPKs, PI3K/AKT, JAK2/STAT3 and Rho kinase, have been reported to regulate these cellular activities in ASM and were reported to be interrelated at certain points. This article aims to provide an overview of the signaling pathways/molecules involved in ASM hyperplasia as well as the mapping of the interplay/crosstalk between these major pathways in mediating ASM hyperplasia. A more comprehensive understanding of the complexity of cellular signaling in ASM cells will enable more specific and safer drug development in the control of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Min Yap
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Daud Ahmad Israf
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hanis Hazeera Harith
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Roslan Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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22
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Tatari N, Movassagh H, Shan L, Koussih L, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E Inhibits House Dust Mite-Induced Angiogenesis in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:762-772. [PMID: 30711489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increased angiogenesis is a characteristic feature of remodeling in asthmatic airways and stems from the imbalance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Surprisingly, the factors regulating this process in allergic asthma are poorly defined. Previously, we showed an important role of semaphorins 3E (Sema3E) in growth factor-induced airway smooth muscle proliferation and migration in vitro, and in down-regulating airway inflammation, T helper 2/T helper 17 cytokine response, mucus cell hyperplasia, and airway hyperresponsiveness in vivo. However, the role of Sema3E in airway angiogenesis is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of Sema3E in airway angiogenesis using a house dust mite (HDM) murine model of allergic asthma. Intranasal treatment with recombinant Sema3E significantly reduced the expression of angiogenesis markers within the airways of HDM-challenged mice compared with untreated mice. HDM-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 protein were diminished substantially on Sema3E treatment. Interestingly, Sema3E-treated mice showed an enhanced expression of the negative regulator of angiogenesis, soluble VEGF receptor 1, compared with the untreated mice. These events were reversed in Sema3E-deficient mice at baseline or on HDM challenge. Taken together, this study provides the first evidence that Sema3E modulates angiogenesis in allergic asthmatic airways via modulating pro- and anti-angiogenic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Tatari
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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23
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Movassagh H, Koussih L, Shan L, Gounni AS. The regulatory role of semaphorin 3E in allergic asthma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 106:68-73. [PMID: 30447428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorins were originally discovered as essential mediators involved in regulation of axonal growth during development of the nervous system. Ubiquitously expressed on various organs, they control several cellular functions by regulating essential signaling pathways. Among them, semaphorin3E binds plexinD1 as the primary receptor and mediates regulatory effects on cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis considered major physiological and pathological features in health and disease. Recent in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence demonstrate a key regulator role of semaphorin3E on airway inflammation, hyperresponsivenss and remodeling in allergic asthma. Herein, we aim to provide a broad overview of the biology of semaphorin family and review the recently discovered regulatory role of semaphorin3E in modulating immune cells and structural cells function in the airways. These findings support the concept of semaphorin3E/plexinD1 axis as a therapeutic target in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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24
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Finney AC, Orr AW. Guidance Molecules in Vascular Smooth Muscle. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1311. [PMID: 30283356 PMCID: PMC6157320 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several highly conserved families of guidance molecules, including ephrins, Semaphorins, Netrins, and Slits, play conserved and distinct roles in tissue remodeling during tissue patterning and disease pathogenesis. Primarily, these guidance molecules function as either secreted or surface-bound ligands that interact with their receptors to activate a variety of downstream effects, including cell contractility, migration, adhesion, proliferation, and inflammation. Vascular smooth muscle cells, contractile cells comprising the medial layer of the vessel wall and deriving from the mural population, regulate vascular tone and blood pressure. While capillaries lack a medial layer of vascular smooth muscle, mural-derived pericytes contribute similarly to capillary tone to regulate blood flow in various tissues. Furthermore, pericyte coverage is critical in vascular development, as perturbations disrupt vascular permeability and viability. During cardiovascular disease, smooth muscle cells play a more dynamic role in which suppression of contractile markers, enhanced proliferation, and migration lead to the progression of aberrant vascular remodeling. Since many types of guidance molecules are expressed in vascular smooth muscle and pericytes, these may contribute to blood vessel formation and aberrant remodeling during vascular disease. While vascular development is a large focus of the existing literature, studies emerged to address post-developmental roles for guidance molecules in pathology and are of interest as novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we will discuss the roles of guidance molecules in vascular smooth muscle and pericyte function in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Christine Finney
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Anthony Wayne Orr
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Translational Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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Wu JH, Li Y, Zhou YF, Haslam J, Elvis ON, Mao L, Xia YP, Hu B. Semaphorin-3E attenuates neointimal formation via suppressing VSMCs migration and proliferation. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1763-1775. [PMID: 29016743 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are crucial events in the neointimal formation, a hallmark of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Semaphorin3E (Sema3E) has been found to be a critical regulator of cell migration and proliferation in many scenarios. However, its role on VSMCs migration and proliferation is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Sema3E on VSMCs migration, proliferation and neointimal formation, and explore possible mechanisms. Methods and results We found that the expression of Sema3E was progressively decreased during neointimal formation in a carotid ligation model. H&E-staining showed lentivirus-mediated overexpression of Sema3E in carotid ligation area attenuated neointimal formation. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the receptor (PlexinD1) of Sema3E was expressed in vascular walls. In cultured mouse VSMCs, Sema3E inhibited VSMCs migration and proliferation via plexinD1 receptor. The inhibitory effect was mediated, at least in part, by inactivating Rap1-AKT signalling pathways in VSMCs. Moreover, we found that PDGFBB down-regulated the expression of Sema3E in VSMCs and Sema3E notably inhibited the expression of PDGFB in endothelial cells. In addition, the number of Sema3E-positive VSMCs was diminished in plaques of atherosclerotic patients. Results from a public GEO microarray database showed a negative correlation between Sema3E and PDGFB transcriptional levels in the human plaques examined. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that Sema3E/plexinD1 inhibits proliferation and migration of VSMCs via inactivation of Rap1-AKT signalling pathways. The mutual inhibition between PDGF-BB and Sema3E after vascular injury plays a critical role in the process of neointimal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Hong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - James Haslam
- Swansea College of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Opoku Nana Elvis
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuan-Peng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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26
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Zhou YF, Li PC, Wu JH, Haslam JA, Mao L, Xia YP, He QW, Wang XX, Lei H, Lan XL, Miao QR, Yue ZY, Li YN, Hu B. Sema3E/PlexinD1 inhibition is a therapeutic strategy for improving cerebral perfusion and restoring functional loss after stroke in aged rats. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 70:102-116. [PMID: 30007159 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Brain tissue survival and functional recovery after ischemic stroke greatly depend on cerebral vessel perfusion and functional collateral circulation in the ischemic area. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), one of the class 3 secreted semaphorins, has been demonstrated to be a critical regulator in embryonic and postnatal vascular formation via binding to its receptor PlexinD1. However, whether Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling is involved in poststroke neovascularization remains unknown. To determine the contribution of Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling to poststroke recovery, aged rats (18 months) were subjected to a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. We found that depletion of Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling with lentivirus-mediated PlexinD1-specific-shRNA improves tissue survival and functional outcome. Sema3E/PlexinD1 inhibition not only increases cortical perfusion but also ameliorates blood-brain barrier damage, as determined by positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Sema3E suppresses endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenic capacity. More importantly, Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling inhibits recruitment of pericytes by decreasing production of platelet derived growth factor-BB in endothelial cells. Overall, our study revealed that inhibition of Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling in the ischemic penumbra, which increases both endothelial angiogenic capacity and recruitment of pericytes, contributed to functional neovascularization and blood-brain barrier integrity in the aged rats. Our findings imply that Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling is a novel therapeutic target for improving brain tissue survival and functional recovery after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie-Hong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - James Andrew Haslam
- Swansea College of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Peng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan-Wei He
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Robert Miao
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Divisions of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology, Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Zhen-Yu Yue
- Department of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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27
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Abstract
Several neuronal guidance proteins, known as semaphorin molecules, function in the immune system. This dual tissue performance has led to them being defined as "neuroimmune semaphorins". They have been shown to regulate T cell activation by serving as costimulatory molecules. Similar to classical costimulatory molecules, neuroimmune semaphorins are either constitutively or inducibly expressed on immune cells. In contrast to the classical costimulatory molecule function, the action of neuroimmune semaphorins requires the presence of two signals, the first one provided by TCR/MHC engagement, and the second one provided by B7/CD28 interaction. Thus, neuroimmune semaphorins serve as a "signal three" for immune cell activation and regulate the overall intensity of immune response. The current knowledge on their structures, multiple receptors, specific cell/tissue/organ expression, and distinct functions in different diseases are summarized and discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana P Chapoval
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Program in Oncology at the Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- SemaPlex LLC, Ellicott City, MD, USA.
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28
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Movassagh H, Khadem F, Gounni AS. Semaphorins and Their Roles in Airway Biology: Potential as Therapeutic Targets. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:21-27. [PMID: 28817310 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0171tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins are a large family of proteins originally identified as axon guidance cues that play a crucial role in neural development. They are also ubiquitously expressed beyond the nervous system and contribute to regulation of essential cell functions, such as cell migration, proliferation, and adhesion. Binding of semaphorins to their receptors, including plexins and neuropilins, triggers diverse signaling pathways, which are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, from cancer to autoimmune and allergic disorders. Despite emerging evidence suggestive of nonredundant roles of semaphorins in cellular and molecular mechanisms of the airway biology, their precise expression and function have not been fully addressed. Here, we first provide an overview about the semaphorin family, their receptors, signaling pathways, and their cellular functions. Then, we highlight the novel findings on the role of semaphorins in airway biology under developmental, homeostatic, and pathological conditions. In particular, we discuss the dual roles of semaphorins in respiratory disorders where they can up- or downregulate processes underlying the pathophysiology of the airway diseases. Next, our recent findings on the expression and function of semaphorin 3E in allergic asthma are further emphasized, and its potential mechanism of action in allergic airway inflammation and remodeling is discussed. Finally, we raise some unanswered questions aiming to develop future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Forough Khadem
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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29
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Human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation from asthmatics is negatively regulated by semaphorin3A. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80238-80251. [PMID: 27791986 PMCID: PMC5348316 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperplasia is a key feature of airway remodeling in development of lung diseases such as asthma. Anomalous proliferation of ASM cells directly contributes to ASM hyperplasia. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling ASM cell proliferation are not completely understood. Semaphorins are versatile regulators of various cellular processes including cell growth and proliferation. The role of semaphorins in ASM cell proliferation has remained to be addressed. Here, we report that semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) receptor, neuropilin 1 (Nrp1), is expressed on human ASM cells (HASMC) isolated from healthy and asthmatic donors and treatment of these cells with exogenous Sema3A inhibits growth factor-induced proliferation. Sema3A inhibitory effect on HASMC proliferation is associated with decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGFR, downregulation of Rac1 activation, STAT3 and GSK-3β phosphorylation. Bronchial sections from severe asthmatics displayed immunoreactivity of Nrp1, suggestive of functional contribution of Sema3A-Nrp1 axis in airway remodeling. Together, our data suggest Sema3A-Nrp1 signaling as a novel regulatory pathway of ASM hyperplasia.
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30
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Mata A, Gil V, Pérez-Clausell J, Dasilva M, González-Calixto MC, Soriano E, García-Verdugo JM, Sanchez-Vives MV, Del Río JA. New functions of Semaphorin 3E and its receptor PlexinD1 during developing and adult hippocampal formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1381. [PMID: 29358640 PMCID: PMC5777998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and maturation of cortical circuits relies on the coordinated actions of long and short range axonal guidance cues. In this regard, the class 3 semaphorins and their receptors have been seen to be involved in the development and maturation of the hippocampal connections. However, although the role of most of their family members have been described, very few data about the participation of Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) and its receptor PlexinD1 during the development and maturation of the entorhino-hippocampal (EH) connection are available. In the present study, we focused on determining their roles both during development and in adulthood. We determined a relevant role for Sema3E/PlexinD1 in the layer-specific development of the EH connection. Indeed, mice lacking Sema3E/PlexinD1 signalling showed aberrant layering of entorhinal axons in the hippocampus during embryonic and perinatal stages. In addition, absence of Sema3E/PlexinD1 signalling results in further changes in postnatal and adult hippocampal formation, such as numerous misrouted ectopic mossy fibers. More relevantly, we describe how subgranular cells express PlexinD1 and how the absence of Sema3E induces a dysregulation of the proliferation of dentate gyrus progenitors leading to the presence of ectopic cells in the molecular layer. Lastly, Sema3E mutant mice displayed increased network excitability both in the dentate gyrus and the hippocampus proper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Mata
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiotechnology, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Gil
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiotechnology, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeús Pérez-Clausell
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Dasilva
- Systems Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen González-Calixto
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Institute Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.,Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Manuel García-Verdugo
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Institute Cavanilles, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria V Sanchez-Vives
- Systems Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Del Río
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiotechnology, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut de Neurociències de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Alamri A, Soussi Gounni A, Kung SKP. View Point: Semaphorin-3E: An Emerging Modulator of Natural Killer Cell Functions? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2337. [PMID: 29113093 PMCID: PMC5713306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin-3E (Sema-3E) is a member of a large family of proteins originally identified as axon guidance cues in neural development. It is expressed in different cell types, such as immune cells, cancer cells, neural cells, and epithelial cells. Subsequently, dys-regulation of Sema-3E expression has been reported in various biological processes that range from cancers to autoimmune and allergic diseases. Recent work in our laboratories revealed a critical immunoregulatory role of Sema-3E in experimental allergic asthma. We further speculate possible immune modulatory function(s) of Sema-3E on natural killer (NK) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alamri
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
| | - Abdelilah Soussi Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
| | - Sam K P Kung
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
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32
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Duke-Cohan JS, Chakir J, Halayko AJ, Koussih L, Gounni AS. Downregulation of semaphorin 3E promotes hallmarks of experimental chronic allergic asthma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:98953-98963. [PMID: 29228740 PMCID: PMC5716780 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Guidance cues such as semaphorins are attractive novel therapeutic targets for allergic disorders. We have previously described an inhibitory effect of semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) on human airway smooth muscle cell function. We have further addressed a canonical role for Sema3E in acute model of allergic asthma in vivo. Considering the chronic nature of the disease, the potential implication of Sema3E to alleviate long-lasting deficits should be investigated. Expression of Sema3E in a chronic model of allergic asthma was assessed after exposure to house dust mite (HDM) as a clinically relevant allergen. Chronic features of allergic asthma including airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and remodeling were studied in Sema3E-deficient mice. Additionally, the effect of exogenous Sema3E treatment was evaluated in prophylactic and therapeutic experimental models. We have demonstrated that expression of Sema3E is robustly suppressed in the airways upon chronic HDM exposure. Chronic allergic airway disease was significantly augmented in Sema3E-deficient mouse model which was associated with an increased AHR, remodeling, and Th2/Th17 inflammation. Intranasal Sema3E administration restored chronic deficits of allergic asthma in mice. Data from this study unveil a key regulatory role of Sema3E in chronic course of asthma via orchestration of impaired inflammatory and remodeling responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamila Chakir
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie du Quebec, Universite´ Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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33
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Duke-Cohan JS, Halayko AJ, Uzonna JE, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E Alleviates Hallmarks of House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Airway Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28634005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorins are an essential family of guidance cues ubiquitously expressed in various organs, which play diverse developmental, homeostatic, and pathological roles. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), initially identified as a neuronal chemorepellent, is involved in the regulation of cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. However, expression and function of Sema3E in allergic asthma has not been extensively investigated. We determined the expression of Sema3E in the airways and its effect on airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling as pathological features of allergic asthma provoked by house dust mite in vivo. Our data indicate that exposure to house dust mite markedly reduces Sema3E expression in mouse airways. More important, replenishment of Sema3E by intranasal administration of exogenous Sema3E protects mice from allergic asthma by reducing eosinophilic inflammation, serum IgE level, and T helper cell 2/T helper cell 17 cytokine response. The regulatory effect of Sema3E on cytokine response was sustained on allergen recall response in the lymph nodes and spleen. Furthermore, goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, and airway hyperresponsiveness were significantly diminished on Sema3E treatment. The inhibitory effect of Sema3E was associated with a reduction of pulmonary CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells and regulation of CD4+ T-cell cytokine response. Collectively, our data represent a novel approach to treating allergic asthma via regulation of immune response to house dust mite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jude E Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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34
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Chakir J, McConville JF, Halayko AJ, Koussih L, Gounni AS. Expression of semaphorin 3E is suppressed in severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:1176-1179. [PMID: 28506853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jamila Chakir
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie du Quebec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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35
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Lu YW, Lowery AM, Sun LY, Singer HA, Dai G, Adam AP, Vincent PA, Schwarz JJ. Endothelial Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2c Inhibits Migration of Smooth Muscle Cells Through Fenestrations in the Internal Elastic Lamina. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1380-1390. [PMID: 28473437 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laminar flow activates myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors in vitro to induce expression of atheroprotective genes in the endothelium. Here we sought to establish the role of Mef2c in the vascular endothelium in vivo. APPROACH AND RESULTS To study endothelial Mef2c, we generated endothelial-specific deletion of Mef2c using Tie2-Cre or Cdh5-Cre-ERT2 and examined aortas and carotid arteries by en face immunofluorescence. We observed enhanced actin stress fiber formation in the Mef2c-deleted thoracic aortic endothelium (laminar flow region), similar to those observed in normal aortic inner curvature (disturbed flow region). Furthermore, Mef2c deletion resulted in the de novo formation of subendothelial intimal cells expressing markers of differentiated smooth muscle in the thoracic aortas and carotids. Lineage tracing showed that these cells were not of endothelial origin. To define early events in intimal development, we induced endothelial deletion of Mef2c and examined aortas at 4 and 12 weeks postinduction. The number of intimal cell clusters increased from 4 to 12 weeks, but the number of cells within a cluster peaked at 2 cells in both cases, suggesting ongoing migration but minimal proliferation. Moreover, we identified cells extending from the media through fenestrations in the internal elastic lamina into the intima, indicating transfenestral smooth muscle migration. Similar transfenestral migration was observed in wild-type carotid arteries ligated to induce neointimal formation. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that endothelial Mef2c regulates the endothelial actin cytoskeleton and inhibits smooth muscle cell migration into the intima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wei Lu
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.)
| | - Anthony M Lowery
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.)
| | - Li-Yan Sun
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.)
| | - Harold A Singer
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.)
| | - Guohao Dai
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.)
| | - Alejandro P Adam
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.)
| | - Peter A Vincent
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.)
| | - John J Schwarz
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (Y.W.L., A.M.L., L.-Y.S., H.A.S., A.P.A., P.A.V., J.J.S.), and Department of Ophthalmology (A.P.A.), Albany Medical College, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.D.); and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (G.D.).
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36
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Deng Y, Zhang Y, Wu H, Shi Z, Sun X. Knockdown of FSTL1 inhibits PDGF‑BB‑induced human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3859-3864. [PMID: 28393245 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells serve roles in airway remodeling, and contribute to airway hyper‑responsiveness. Follistatin‑like protein 1 (FSTL1) is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the follistatin family of proteins. It was reported that in the lungs of patients suffering from severe asthma, FSTL1 is highly expressed by macrophages. However, the role of FSTL1 in ASM cell proliferation and migration remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FSTL1 in cell proliferation and migration mediated by platelet‑derived growth factor subunit B (PDGF‑BB) in human ASM cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that PDGF‑BB stimulation upregulated FSTL1 expression levels in ASM cells in vitro. Knockdown of FSTL1 inhibited cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase in PDGF‑BB‑stimulated ASM cells. Additionally, knockdown of FSTL1 inhibited PDGF‑BB‑induced ASM cell migration. Furthermore, FSTL1 knockdown caused the downregulation of phosphorylated (p)‑extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) and p‑protein kinase B (AKT) expression levels induced by PDGF‑BB in ASM cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that knockdown of FSTL1 inhibited ASM cell proliferation and migration induced by PDGF‑BB, at least partially via inhibiting the activation of ERK and AKT. FSTL1 may therefore represent a novel therapeutic target for airway remodeling in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Huajie Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoling Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Mevalonate Cascade Inhibition by Simvastatin Induces the Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway via Depletion of Isoprenoids in Tumor Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44841. [PMID: 28344327 PMCID: PMC5366866 DOI: 10.1038/srep44841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mevalonate (MEV) cascade is responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis and the formation of the intermediate metabolites geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (GGPP) and farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) used in the prenylation of proteins. Here we show that the MEV cascade inhibitor simvastatin induced significant cell death in a wide range of human tumor cell lines, including glioblastoma, astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and breast cancer. Simvastatin induced apoptotic cell death via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In all cancer cell types tested, simvastatin-induced cell death was not rescued by cholesterol, but was dependent on GGPP- and FPP-depletion. We confirmed that simvastatin caused the translocation of the small Rho GTPases RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac1/2/3 from cell membranes to the cytosol in U251 (glioblastoma), A549 (lung adenocarcinoma) and MDA-MB-231(breast cancer). Simvastatin-induced Rho-GTP loading significantly increased in U251 cells which were reversed with MEV, FPP, GGPP. In contrast, simvastatin did not change Rho-GTP loading in A549 and MDA-MB-231. Inhibition of geranylgeranyltransferase I by GGTi-298, but not farnesyltransferase by FTi-277, induced significant cell death in U251, A549, and MDA-MB-231. These results indicate that MEV cascade inhibition by simvastatin induced the intrinsic apoptosis pathway via inhibition of Rho family prenylation and depletion of GGPP, in a variety of different human cancer cell lines.
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38
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Mohammed A, Halayko AJ, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E Deficiency Exacerbates Airway Inflammation, Hyperresponsiveness, and Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:1805-1814. [PMID: 28108561 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) plays a crucial role in axon guidance, vascular patterning, and immune regulation. Nevertheless, the role of Sema3E in asthma is still elusive. In this study, we show that genetic ablation of Sema3E in mice results in increased lung granulocytosis, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus overproduction, collagen deposition, and Th2/Th17 inflammation. Transfer of Sema3e-/- bone marrow progenitor cells to irradiated wild-type (WT) recipients exacerbates airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, whereas transfer of WT bone marrow progenitor cells ameliorates asthma pathology in Sema3e-/- recipients. Sema3e-/- mice display a higher frequency of CD11b+ pulmonary dendritic cells than their WT controls at the baseline and after sensitization with house dust mite. Adoptive transfer of CD11b+ pulmonary dendritic cells from Sema3e-/- mice into WT recipients increases house dust mite-induced Th2/Th17 inflammation in the airway. Together, these findings identify Sema3E as a novel regulatory molecule in allergic asthma that acts upstream of proallergic events and suggest that targeting this molecule could be a novel approach to treat allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Ashfaque Mohammed
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5 Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
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39
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Esnault S, Torr EE, Bernau K, Johansson MW, Kelly EA, Sandbo N, Jarjour NN. Endogenous Semaphorin-7A Impedes Human Lung Fibroblast Differentiation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170207. [PMID: 28095470 PMCID: PMC5240965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin-7A is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, initially characterized as an axon guidance protein. Semaphorin-7A also contributes to immune cell regulation and may be an essential pro-fibrotic factor when expressed by non-fibroblast cell types (exogenous). In mouse models, semaphorin-7A was shown to be important for TGF-ß1-induced pulmonary fibrosis characterized by myofibroblast accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition, but the cell-specific role of semaphorin-7A was not examined in fibroblasts. The purpose of this study is to determine semaphorin-7A expression by fibroblasts and to investigate the function of endogenously expressed semaphorin-7A in primary human lung fibroblasts (HLF). Herein, we show that non-fibrotic HLF expressed high levels of cell surface semaphorin-7A with little dependence on the percentage of serum or recombinant TGF-ß1. Semaphorin-7A siRNA strongly decreased semaphorin-7A mRNA expression and reduced cell surface semaphorin-7A. Reduction of semaphorin-7A induced increased proliferation and migration of non-fibrotic HLF. Also, independent of the presence of TGF-ß1, the decline of semaphorin-7A by siRNA was associated with increased α-smooth muscle actin production and gene expression of periostin, fibronectin, laminin, and serum response factor (SRF), indicating differentiation into a myofibroblast. Conversely, overexpression of semaphorin-7A in the NIH3T3 fibroblast cell line reduced the production of pro-fibrotic markers. The inverse association between semaphorin-7A and pro-fibrotic fibroblast markers was further analyzed using HLF from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 6) and non-fibrotic (n = 7) lungs. Using these 13 fibroblast lines, we observed that semaphorin-7A and periostin expression were inversely correlated. In conclusion, our study indicates that endogenous semaphorin-7A in HLF plays a role in maintaining fibroblast homeostasis by preventing up-regulation of pro-fibrotic genes. Therefore, endogenous and exogenous semaphorin-7A may have opposite effects on the fibroblast phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Elizabeth E. Torr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ksenija Bernau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mats W. Johansson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nathan Sandbo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nizar N. Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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40
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Movassagh H, Saati A, Nandagopal S, Mohammed A, Tatari N, Shan L, Duke-Cohan JS, Fowke KR, Lin F, Gounni AS. Chemorepellent Semaphorin 3E Negatively Regulates Neutrophil Migration In Vitro and In Vivo. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:1023-1033. [PMID: 27913633 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil migration is an essential step in leukocyte trafficking during inflammatory responses. Semaphorins, originally discovered as axon guidance cues in neural development, have been shown to regulate cell migration beyond the nervous system. However, the potential contribution of semaphorins in the regulation of neutrophil migration is not well understood. This study examines the possible role of a secreted chemorepellent, Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), in neutrophil migration. In this study, we demonstrated that human neutrophils constitutively express Sema3E high-affinity receptor, PlexinD1. Sema3E displayed a potent ability to inhibit CXCL8/IL-8-induced neutrophil migration as determined using a microfluidic device coupled to real-time microscopy and a transwell system in vitro. The antimigratory effect of Sema3E on human neutrophil migration was associated with suppression of CXCL8/IL-8-mediated Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 GTPase activity and actin polymerization. We further addressed the regulatory role of Sema3E in the regulation of neutrophil migration in vivo. Allergen airway exposure induced higher neutrophil recruitment into the lungs of Sema3e-/- mice compared with wild-type controls. Administration of exogenous recombinant Sema3E markedly reduced allergen-induced neutrophil recruitment into the lungs, which was associated with alleviation of allergic airway inflammation and improvement of lung function. Our data suggest that Sema3E could be considered an essential regulatory mediator involved in modulation of neutrophil migration throughout the course of neutrophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Abeer Saati
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Saravanan Nandagopal
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ashfaque Mohammed
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Nazanin Tatari
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215; and
| | - Keith R Fowke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada;
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41
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Xue D, Kaufman GN, Dembele M, Beland M, Massoud AH, Mindt BC, Fiter R, Fixman ED, Martin JG, Friedel RH, Divangahi M, Fritz JH, Mazer BD. Semaphorin 4C Protects against Allergic Inflammation: Requirement of Regulatory CD138+ Plasma Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:71-81. [PMID: 27881703 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory properties of B cells have been studied in autoimmune diseases; however, their role in allergic diseases is poorly understood. We demonstrate that Semaphorin 4C (Sema4C), an axonal guidance molecule, plays a crucial role in B cell regulatory function. Mice deficient in Sema4C exhibited increased airway inflammation after allergen exposure, with massive eosinophilic lung infiltrates and increased Th2 cytokines. This phenotype was reproduced by mixed bone marrow chimeric mice with Sema4C deficient only in B cells, indicating that B lymphocytes were the key cells affected by the absence of Sema4C expression in allergic inflammation. We determined that Sema4C-deficient CD19+CD138+ cells exhibited decreased IL-10 and increased IL-4 expression in vivo and in vitro. Adoptive transfer of Sema4c-/- CD19+CD138+ cells induced marked pulmonary inflammation, eosinophilia, and increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid IL-4 and IL-5, whereas adoptive transfer of wild-type CD19+CD138+IL-10+ cells dramatically decreased allergic airway inflammation in wild-type and Sema4c-/- mice. This study identifies a novel pathway by which Th2-mediated immune responses are regulated. It highlights the importance of plasma cells as regulatory cells in allergic inflammation and suggests that CD138+ B cells contribute to cytokine balance and are important for maintenance of immune homeostasis in allergic airways disease. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Sema4C is critical for optimal regulatory cytokine production in CD138+ B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xue
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Gabriel N Kaufman
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Marieme Dembele
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Marianne Beland
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Amir H Massoud
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Barbara C Mindt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.,Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ryan Fiter
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Elizabeth D Fixman
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Roland H Friedel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY 10029; and
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jörg H Fritz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.,Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Bruce D Mazer
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; .,Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
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42
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Liu Y, Yang K, Shi H, Xu J, Zhang D, Wu Y, Zhou S, Sun X. MiR-21 modulates human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in asthma through regulation of PTEN expression. Exp Lung Res 2016; 41:535-45. [PMID: 26651881 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2015.1090501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is characterized by airway remodeling arising from an increase in airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass. This increase is regulated in part by ASM cell proliferation and migration. MicroRNA (miR)-21 also plays a role in asthma, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects are not completely understood. This study investigated the effects and mechanism of miR-21 on the human ASM (HASM) cell proliferation and migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS HASM cells were transduced with a miR-21 vector, and the expression of miR-21 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effect of the miR-21 on HASM cell proliferation and migration was analyzed by CCK8 and transwell assay. The expression level of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) in HASM cells was assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Meanwhile, the activity of PTEN was measured by PTEN malachite green assay kit. RESULTS Lentivirus-mediated miR-21 overexpression markedly enhanced the proliferation and migration of HASM cells (P < .05), and ablation of miR-21 by anti-miR-21 inhibitor markedly reduced cell proliferation and migration. We demonstrated that miR-21 overexpression significantly reduced the expression of PTEN (P < .05), while PTEN knock-down markedly increased HASM cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of PTEN led to a decrease of HASM cell proliferation and migration. MiR-21 mediated HASM cell proliferation and migration through activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first in vitro evidence that overexpression of miR-21 in HASM cells can trigger cell proliferation and migration, and the effects of miR-21 depend on the level of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Kunzheng Yang
- b Department of Gastroenterology Medicine , Xi'an Beifang Hospital , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Hongyang Shi
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Jing Xu
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Dexin Zhang
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Shuru Zhou
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Xiuzhen Sun
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
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43
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Yao J, Zhang YS, Feng GZ, Du Q. Chrysin inhibits human airway smooth muscle cells proliferation through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 12:7693-8. [PMID: 26502995 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by an increased mass of airway smooth muscle (ASM). Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), a natural flavonoid, has been shown to exert multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-oxidant effects, as well as the potency to ameliorate asthma in animal models. The objective of the present study was to identify the underlying mechanism of the therapeutic effects of chrysin. The impact of chrysin on basal and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced proliferation and apoptosis of human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) was investigated. Furthermore, the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was evaluated in HASMCs. The results revealed that chrysin significantly inhibited basal as well as PDGF-induced HASMC proliferation, most likely through the suppression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. However, chrysin did not significantly reduce PDGF-induced apoptosis of HASMCs. The present study indicated that chrysin may be a promising medication for controlling airway remodeling and clinical manifestations of asthma.
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44
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Chen H, Xie GH, Wang WW, Yuan XL, Xing WM, Liu HJ, Chen J, Dou M, Shen LS. Epigenetically downregulated Semaphorin 3E contributes to gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20449-65. [PMID: 26036259 PMCID: PMC4653017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Axon guidance protein Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) promotes tumor metastasis and suppresses tumor cell death. Here, we demonstrated that Sema3E was decreased in gastric cancer. Its levels were inversely associated with tumor progression. Levels of Sema3E were associated with low p300 and high class I histone deacetylase (class I HDAC). Ectopic expression of Sema3E inhibited proliferation and colony formation of gastric cancer cell lines in vitro and xenografts in vivo. Sema3E overexpression inhibited migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, which was associated with induction of E-cadherin and reduction of Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. We suggest that silencing of Sema3E contributes to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guo-Hua Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang-Liang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wen-Ming Xing
- Department of Academy, Shanghai Association for Science & Technology, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Hong-Jing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Min Dou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Li-Song Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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45
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Maejima R, Tamai K, Shiroki T, Yokoyama M, Shibuya R, Nakamura M, Yamaguchi K, Abue M, Oikawa T, Noguchi T, Miura K, Fujiya T, Sato I, Iijima K, Shimosegawa T, Tanaka N, Satoh K. Enhanced expression of semaphorin 3E is involved in the gastric cancer development. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:887-94. [PMID: 27572291 PMCID: PMC4948954 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins and their receptors are abnormally expressed in various cancers, but little is known about the expression and function of semaphorin 3E (SEMA3E) and its receptor, plexin D1 (PLXND1), in gastric cancer development or metastasis. We evaluated SEMA3E and PLXND1 expression by quantitative RT-PCR in gastric tissues from 62 patients who underwent gastrectomy and analyzed the correlation between their expression and clinicopathological variables. To assess the function of SEMA3E, we generated human gastric cancer cell lines with suppressed or increased SEMA3E expression. The expression level of SEMA3E, but not PLXND1, was correlated with lymph node involvement and metastatic progression in gastric cancer. A significant association was observed between a high level of SEMA3E expression and poor differentiation or poor survival in the intestinal type of gastric cancer. SEMA3E knockdown in gastric cancer cells attenuated cell proliferation and metastatic ability in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, SEMA3E caused cell proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth in the intestinal type of gastric cancer. These results suggested that SEMA3E is likely to be involved in the development of gastric cancer and might also be a therapeutic target for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Maejima
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tamai
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takeharu Shiroki
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Misa Yokoyama
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rie Shibuya
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mao Nakamura
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamaguchi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Makoto Abue
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Oikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Noguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koh Miura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Fujiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikuro Sato
- Department of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Katsunori Iijima
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tooru Shimosegawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kennichi Satoh
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
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46
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Sun Q, Liu L, Mandal J, Molino A, Stolz D, Tamm M, Lu S, Roth M. PDGF-BB induces PRMT1 expression through ERK1/2 dependent STAT1 activation and regulates remodeling in primary human lung fibroblasts. Cell Signal 2016; 28:307-15. [PMID: 26795953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue remodeling of sub-epithelial mesenchymal cells is a major pathology occurring in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Fibroblasts, as a major source of interstitial connective tissue extracellular matrix, contribute to the fibrotic and inflammatory changes in these airways diseases. Previously, we described that protein arginine methyltransferase-1 (PRMT1) participates in airway remodeling in a rat model of pulmonary inflammation. In this study we investigated the mechanism by which PDGF-BB regulates PRMT1 in primary lung fibroblasts, isolated from human lung biopsies. Fibroblasts were stimulated with PDGF-BB for up-to 48h and the regulatory and activation of signaling pathways controlling PRMT1 expression were determined. PRMT1 was localized by immuno-histochemistry in human lung tissue sections and by immunofluorescence in isolated fibroblasts. PRMT1 activity was suppressed by the pan-PRMT inhibitor AMI1. ERK1/2 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) was blocked by PD98059, p38 MAPK by SB203580, and STAT1 by small interference (si) RNA treatment. The results showed that PDGF-BB significantly increased PRMT1 expression after 1h lasting over 48h, through ERK1/2 MAPK and STAT1 signaling. The inhibition of ERK1/2 MAPK or of PRMT1 activity decreased PDGF-BB induced fibroblast proliferation, COX2 production, collagen-1A1 secretion, and fibronectin production. These findings suggest that PRMT1 is a central regulator of tissue remodeling and that the signaling sequence controlling its expression in primary human lung fibroblast is PDGF-ERK-STAT1. Therefore, PRMT1 presents a novel therapeutic and diagnostic target for the control of airway wall remodeling in chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jyotshna Mandal
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Molino
- Dept of Respiratory Diseases, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daiana Stolz
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Michael Roth
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland.
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47
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Barber M, Pierani A. Tangential migration of glutamatergic neurons and cortical patterning during development: Lessons from Cajal-Retzius cells. Dev Neurobiol 2015; 76:847-81. [PMID: 26581033 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tangential migration is a mode of cell movement, which in the developing cerebral cortex, is defined by displacement parallel to the ventricular surface and orthogonal to the radial glial fibers. This mode of long-range migration is a strategy by which distinct neuronal classes generated from spatially and molecularly distinct origins can integrate to form appropriate neural circuits within the cortical plate. While it was previously believed that only GABAergic cortical interneurons migrate tangentially from their origins in the subpallial ganglionic eminences to integrate in the cortical plate, it is now known that transient populations of glutamatergic neurons also adopt this mode of migration. These include Cajal-Retzius cells (CRs), subplate neurons (SPs), and cortical plate transient neurons (CPTs), which have crucial roles in orchestrating the radial and tangential development of the embryonic cerebral cortex in a noncell-autonomous manner. While CRs have been extensively studied, it is only in the last decade that the molecular mechanisms governing their tangential migration have begun to be elucidated. To date, the mechanisms of SPs and CPTs tangential migration remain unknown. We therefore review the known signaling pathways, which regulate parameters of CRs migration including their motility, contact-redistribution and adhesion to the pial surface, and discuss this in the context of how CR migration may regulate their signaling activity in a spatial and temporal manner. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 847-881, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Barber
- Institut Jacques-Monod, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Pierani
- Institut Jacques-Monod, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
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48
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Liu W, Kong H, Zeng X, Wang J, Wang Z, Yan X, Wang Y, Xie W, Wang H. Iptakalim inhibits PDGF-BB-induced human airway smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. Exp Cell Res 2015; 336:204-10. [PMID: 26160451 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic airway diseases are characterized by airway remodeling which is attributed partly to the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels have been identified in ASMCs. Mount evidence has suggested that KATP channel openers can reduce airway hyperresponsiveness and alleviate airway remodeling. Opening K(+) channels triggers K(+) efflux, which leading to membrane hyperpolarization, preventing Ca(2+)entry through closing voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels. Intracellular Ca(2+) is the most important regulator of muscle contraction, cell proliferation and migration. K(+) efflux decreases Ca(2+) influx, which consequently influences ASMCs proliferation and migration. As a KATP channel opener, iptakalim (Ipt) has been reported to restrain the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) involved in vascular remodeling, while little is known about its impact on ASMCs. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Ipt on human ASMCs and the mechanisms underlying. Results obtained from cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation showed that Ipt significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced ASMCs proliferation. ASMCs migration induced by PDGF-BB was also suppressed by Ipt in transwell migration and scratch assay. Besides, the phosphorylation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) were as well alleviated by Ipt administration. Furthermore, we found that the inhibition of Ipt on the PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration in human ASMCs was blocked by glibenclamide (Gli), a selective KATP channel antagonist. These findings provide a strong evidence to support that Ipt antagonize the proliferating and migrating effects of PDGF-BB on human ASMCs through opening KATP channels. Altogether, our results highlighted a novel profile of Ipt as a potent option against the airway remodeling in chronic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zailiang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaopei Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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49
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Delmotte P, Sieck GC. Interaction between endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum stress (ER/SR stress), mitochondrial signaling and Ca(2+) regulation in airway smooth muscle (ASM). Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 93:97-110. [PMID: 25506723 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Airway inflammation is a key aspect of diseases such as asthma. Several inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNFα and IL-13) increase cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]cyt) responses to agonist stimulation and Ca(2+) sensitivity of force generation, thereby enhancing airway smooth muscle (ASM) contractility (hyper-reactive state). Inflammation also induces ASM proliferation and remodeling (synthetic state). In normal ASM, the transient elevation of [Ca(2+)]cyt induced by agonists leads to a transient increase in mitochondrial Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]mito) that may be important in matching ATP production with ATP consumption. In human ASM (hASM) exposed to TNFα and IL-13, the transient increase in [Ca(2+)]mito is blunted despite enhanced [Ca(2+)]cyt responses. We also found that TNFα and IL-13 induce reactive oxidant species (ROS) formation and endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) stress (unfolded protein response) in hASM. ER/SR stress in hASM is associated with disruption of mitochondrial coupling with the ER/SR membrane, which relates to reduced mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) expression. Thus, in hASM it appears that TNFα and IL-13 result in ROS formation leading to ER/SR stress, reduced Mfn2 expression, disruption of mitochondrion-ER/SR coupling, decreased mitochondrial Ca(2+) buffering, mitochondrial fragmentation, and increased cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Delmotte
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 4-184 West Joseph SMH, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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50
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Choi YI, Duke-Cohan JS, Tan J, Gui J, Singh MK, Epstein JA, Reinherz EL. Plxnd1 expression in thymocytes regulates their intrathymic migration while that in thymic endothelium impacts medullary topology. Front Immunol 2013; 4:392. [PMID: 24312099 PMCID: PMC3832804 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An important role for plexinD1 in thymic development is inferred from studies of germline Plxnd1 knockout (KO) mice where mislocalized CD69+ thymocytes as well as ectopic thymic subcapsular medullary structures were observed. Given embryonic lethality of the Plxnd1−/− genotype, fetal liver transplantation was employed in these prior analyses. Such embryonic hematopoietic reconstitution may have transferred Plxnd1 KO endothelial and/or epithelial stem cells in addition to Plxnd1 KO lymphoid progenitors, thereby contributing to that phenotype. Here we use Plxnd1flox/flox mice crossed to pLck-Cre, pKeratin14-Cre, or pTek-Cre transgenic animals to create cell-type specific conditional knockout (CKO) lines involving thymocytes (D1ThyCKO), thymic epithelium (D1EpCKO), and thymic endothelium (D1EnCKO), respectively. These CKOs allowed us to directly assess the role of plexinD1 in each lineage. Loss of plexinD1 expression on double positive (DP) thymocytes leads to their aberrant migration and cortical retention after TCR-mediated positive selection. In contrast, ectopic medulla formation is a consequence of loss of plexinD1 expression on endothelial cells, in turn linked to dysregulation of thymic angiogenesis. D1EpCKO thymi manifest neither abnormality. Collectively, our findings underscore the non-redundant roles for plexinD1 on thymocytes and endothelium, including the dynamic nature of medulla formation resulting from crosstalk between these thymic cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young I Choi
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, MA , USA ; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
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