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Movassagh H, Prunicki M, Kaushik A, Zhou X, Dunham D, Smith EM, He Z, Aleman Muench GR, Shi M, Weimer AK, Cao S, Andorf S, Feizi A, Snyder MP, Soroosh P, Mellins ED, Nadeau KC. Proinflammatory polarization of monocytes by particulate air pollutants is mediated by induction of trained immunity in pediatric asthma. Allergy 2023. [PMID: 36929161 DOI: 10.1111/all.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of exposure to air pollutants, such as fine particulate matter (PM), on the immune system and its consequences on pediatric asthma, are not well understood. We investigated whether ambient levels of fine PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 microns (PM2.5 ) are associated with alterations in circulating monocytes in children with or without asthma. METHODS Monocyte phenotyping was performed by cytometry time-of-flight (CyTOF). Cytokines were measured using cytometric bead array and Luminex assay. ChIP-Seq was utilized to address histone modifications in monocytes. RESULTS Increased exposure to ambient PM2.5 was linked to specific monocyte subtypes, particularly in children with asthma. Mechanistically, we hypothesized that innate trained immunity is evoked by a primary exposure to fine PM and accounts for an enhanced inflammatory response after secondary stimulation in vitro. We determined that the trained immunity was induced in circulating monocytes by fine particulate pollutants, and it was characterized by the upregulation of proinflammatory mediators, such as TNF, IL-6, and IL-8, upon stimulation with house dust mite or lipopolysaccharide. This phenotype was epigenetically controlled by enhanced H3K27ac marks in circulating monocytes. CONCLUSION The specific alterations of monocytes after ambient pollution exposure suggest a possible prognostic immune signature for pediatric asthma, and pollution-induced trained immunity may provide a potential therapeutic target for asthmatic children living in areas with increased air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Mary Prunicki
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Abhinav Kaushik
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Diane Dunham
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Eric M Smith
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Ziyuan He
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | - Minyi Shi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Annika K Weimer
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shu Cao
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Sandra Andorf
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Allergy & Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Pejman Soroosh
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Mellins
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
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2
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Prunicki M, Cauwenberghs N, Ataam JA, Movassagh H, Kim JB, Kuznetsova T, Wu JC, Maecker H, Haddad F, Nadeau K. Correction: Immune biomarkers link air pollution exposure to blood pressure in adolescents. Environ Health 2022; 21:117. [PMID: 36443731 PMCID: PMC9703689 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Prunicki
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Nicholas Cauwenberghs
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Arthur Ataam
- Research and Innovation Unit, INSERM U999, DHU TORINO, Paris Sud University, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Le Plessis Robinson, France
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Juyong Brian Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Holden Maecker
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Francois Haddad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
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3
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Movassagh H, Halchenko Y, Sampath V, Nygaard UC, Jackson B, Robbins D, Li Z, Nadeau KC, Karagas MR. Maternal gestational mercury exposure in relation to cord blood T cell alterations and placental gene expression signatures. Environ Res 2021; 201:111385. [PMID: 34129869 PMCID: PMC8478717 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The immunotoxic impacts of mercury during early life is poorly understood. We investigated the associations between gestational mercury exposure and frequency of cord blood T cells as well as placental gene expression. Frequency of natural Treg cells was positively associated with prenatal and postpartum mercury toenail concentrations. Frequency of NKT and activated naïve Th cells was positively associated with prenatal toenail mercury concentrations and number of maternal silver-mercury dental amalgams, respectively. Placental gene expression analyses revealed distinct gene signatures associated with mercury exposure. Decreased placental expression of a histone demethylase, KDM4DL, was associated with both higher prenatal and postpartum maternal toenail mercury levels among male infants and remained statistically significant after adjustment for fish and seafood consumption. The results suggest that gestational exposure to mercury concentrations contribute to alterations in both T cells and gene expression in placenta at birth. These alterations may inform mechanisms of mercury immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yuliya Halchenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine and the Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth; Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Unni C Nygaard
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Oslo, Norway
| | - Brian Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College; Hanover, NH, USA
| | - David Robbins
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine; Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine and the Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth; Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine and the Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth; Hanover, NH, USA
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4
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Koussih L, Alamri A, Ariaee N, Kung SKP, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E deficiency dysregulates dendritic cell functions: In vitro and in vivo evidence. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252868. [PMID: 34185781 PMCID: PMC8241044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of dendritic cell functions is a complex process in which several mediators play diverse roles as a network in a context-dependent manner. The precise mechanisms underlying dendritic cell functions have remained to be addressed. Semaphorins play crucial roles in regulation of various cell functions. We previously revealed that Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) contributes to regulation of allergen-induced airway pathology partly mediated by controlling recruitment of conventional dendritic cell subsets in vivo, though the underlying mechanism remained elusive. In this study, we investigate the potential regulatory role of Sema3E in dendritic cells. We demonstrated that bone marrow-derived dendritic cells differentiated from Sema3e-/- progenitors have an enhanced migration capacity both at the baseline and in response to CCL21. The enhanced migration ability of Sema3E dendritic cells was associated with an overexpression of the chemokine receptor (CCR7), elevated Rac1 GTPase activity and F-actin polymerization. Using a mouse model of allergic airway sensitization, we observed that genetic deletion of Sema3E leads to a time dependent upregulation of CCR7 on CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Furthermore, aeroallergen sensitization of Sema3e-/- mice lead to an enhanced expression of PD-L2 and IRF-4 as well as enhanced allergen uptake in pulmonary CD11b+ DC, compared to wild type littermates. Collectively, these data suggest that Sema3E implicates in regulation of dendritic cell functions which could be considered a basis for novel immunotherapeutic strategies for the diseases associated with defective dendritic cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department des Sciences Experimentales, Universite de Saint-Boniface, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdulaziz Alamri
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nazila Ariaee
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sam K. P. Kung
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S. Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail:
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5
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Prunicki M, Cauwenberghs N, Lee J, Zhou X, Movassagh H, Noth E, Lurmann F, Hammond SK, Balmes JR, Desai M, Wu JC, Nadeau KC. Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4067. [PMID: 33603036 PMCID: PMC7893154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83577-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ambient air pollution exposure is associated with cardiovascular dysregulation and immune system alterations, yet no study has investigated both simultaneously in children. Understanding the multifaceted impacts may provide early clues for clinical intervention prior to actual disease presentation. We therefore determined the associations between exposure to multiple air pollutants and both immunological outcomes (methylation and protein expression of immune cell types associated with immune regulation) and cardiovascular outcomes (blood pressure) in a cohort of school-aged children (6–8 years; n = 221) living in a city with known elevated pollution levels. Exposure to fine particular matter (PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) was linked to altered methylation of most CpG sites for genes Foxp3, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-g, all involved in immune regulation (e.g. higher PM2.5 exposure 1 month prior to the study visit was independently associated with methylation of the IL-4 CpG24 site (est = 0.16; P = 0.0095). Also, immune T helper cell types (Th1, Th2 and Th17) were associated with short-term exposure to PM2.5, O3 and CO (e.g. Th1 cells associated with PM2.5 at 30 days: est = − 0.34, P < 0.0001). Both B cells (est = − 0.19) and CD4+ cells (est = 0.16) were associated with 1 day NO2 exposure (P ≤ 0.031), whereas CD4+ and CD8+ cells were associated with chronic exposure to PAH456, NOx and/or NO2 (P ≤ 0.038 for all). Finally, diastolic BP (DBP) was inversely associated with long-term exposures to both CO and PAH456, and both systolic and pulse pressure were associated with short-term NO2 and chronic NOx exposure. Our findings demonstrate links between air pollution exposure and methylation of immunoregulatory genes, immune cell profiles and blood pressure, suggesting that even at a young age, the immune and cardiovascular systems are negatively impacted by exposure to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Prunicki
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Justin Lee
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Elizabeth Noth
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Fred Lurmann
- Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, CA, 94954, USA
| | - S Katharine Hammond
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - John R Balmes
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Manisha Desai
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR 3215, MC 5366, Stanford, CA, 94305-5101, USA.
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6
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Thomas R, Wang S, Shekhar S, Peng Y, Qiao S, Zhang C, Shan L, Movassagh H, Gounni AS, Yang J, Yang X. Semaphorin 3E Protects against Chlamydial Infection by Modulating Dendritic Cell Functions. J Immunol 2021; 206:1251-1265. [PMID: 33504621 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) as a novel mediator of immune responses. However, its function in immunity to infection has yet to be investigated. Using a mouse model of chlamydial lung infection, we show that Sema3E plays a significant role in the host immune response to the infection. We found that Sema3E is induced in the lung after chlamydial infection, and Sema3E deficiency has a detrimental impact on disease course, dendritic cell (DC) function, and T cell responses. Specifically, we found that Sema3E knockout (KO) mice exhibited higher bacterial burden, severe body weight loss, and pathological changes after Chlamydia muridarum lung infection compared with wild-type (WT) mice. The severity of disease in Sema3E KO mice was correlated with reduced Th1/Th17 cytokine responses, increased Th2 response, altered Ab response, and a higher number of regulatory CD4 T cells. Moreover, DCs isolated from Sema3E KO mice showed lower surface expression of costimulatory molecules and production of IL-12, but higher expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, and IL-10 production. Functional DC-T cell coculture studies revealed that DCs from infected Sema3E KO mice failed to induce Th1 and Th17 cell responses compared with DCs from infected WT mice. Upon adoptive transfer, mice receiving DCs from Sema3E KO mice, unlike those receiving DCs from WT mice, were not protected against challenge infection. In conclusion, our data evidenced that Sema3E acts as a critical factor for protective immunity against intracellular bacterial infection by modulating DC functions and T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Thomas
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Shuhe Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Sudhanshu Shekhar
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Sai Qiao
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
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Alkotob SS, Cannedy C, Harter K, Movassagh H, Paudel B, Prunicki M, Sampath V, Schikowski T, Smith E, Zhao Q, Traidl‐Hoffmann C, Nadeau KC. Advances and novel developments in environmental influences on the development of atopic diseases. Allergy 2020; 75:3077-3086. [PMID: 33037680 DOI: 10.1111/all.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although genetic factors play a role in the etiology of atopic disease, the rapid increases in the prevalence of these diseases over the last few decades suggest that environmental, rather than genetic factors are the driving force behind the increasing prevalence. In modern societies, there is increased time spent indoors, use of antibiotics, and consumption of processed foods and decreased contact with farm animals and pets, which limit exposure to environmental allergens, infectious parasitic worms, and microbes. The lack of exposure to these factors is thought to prevent proper education and training of the immune system. Increased industrialization and urbanization have brought about increases in organic and inorganic pollutants. In addition, Caesarian birth, birth order, increased use of soaps and detergents, tobacco smoke exposure and psychosomatic factors are other factors that have been associated with increased rate of allergic diseases. Here, we review current knowledge on the environmental factors that have been shown to affect the development of allergic diseases and the recent developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifaa Suhayl Alkotob
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Cade Cannedy
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Katharina Harter
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine UNIKA‐TTechnical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München Augsburg Germany
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Bibek Paudel
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Mary Prunicki
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF‐Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Eric Smith
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- IUF‐Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Claudia Traidl‐Hoffmann
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine UNIKA‐TTechnical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München Augsburg Germany
- CK‐CARE Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
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8
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Prunicki M, Cauwenberghs N, Ataam JA, Movassagh H, Kim JB, Kuznetsova T, Wu JC, Maecker H, Haddad F, Nadeau K. Immune biomarkers link air pollution exposure to blood pressure in adolescents. Environ Health 2020; 19:108. [PMID: 33066786 PMCID: PMC7566149 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood exposure to air pollution contributes to cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Immune and oxidative stress disturbances might mediate the effects of air pollution on the cardiovascular system, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood in adolescents. Therefore, we aimed to identify immune biomarkers linking air pollution exposure and blood pressure levels in adolescents. METHODS We randomly recruited 100 adolescents (mean age, 16 years) from Fresno, California. Using central-site data, spatial-temporal modeling, and distance weighting exposures to the participant's home, we estimated average pollutant levels [particulate matter (PM), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)]. We collected blood samples and vital signs on health visits. Using proteomic platforms, we quantitated markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, and endothelial function. Immune cellular characterization was performed via mass cytometry (CyTOF). We investigated associations between pollutant levels, cytokines, immune cell types, and blood pressure (BP) using partial least squares (PLS) and linear regression, while adjusting for important confounders. RESULTS Using PLS, biomarkers explaining most of the variance in air pollution exposure included markers of oxidative stress (GDF-15 and myeloperoxidase), acute inflammation (C-reactive protein), hemostasis (ADAMTS, D-dimer) and immune cell types such as monocytes. Most of these biomarkers were independently associated with the air pollution levels in fully adjusted regression models. In CyTOF analyses, monocytes were enriched in participants with the highest versus the lowest PM2.5 exposure. In both PLS and linear regression, diastolic BP was independently associated with PM2.5, NO, NO2, CO and PAH456 pollution levels (P ≤ 0.009). Moreover, monocyte levels were independently related to both air pollution and diastolic BP levels (P ≤ 0.010). In in vitro cell assays, plasma of participants with high PM2.5 exposure induced endothelial dysfunction as evaluated by eNOS and ICAM-1 expression and tube formation. CONCLUSIONS For the first time in adolescents, we found that ambient air pollution levels were associated with oxidative stress, acute inflammation, altered hemostasis, endothelial dysfunction, monocyte enrichment and diastolic blood pressure. Our findings provide new insights on pollution-related immunological and cardiovascular disturbances and advocate preventative measures of air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Prunicki
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Nicholas Cauwenberghs
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Arthur Ataam
- Research and Innovation Unit, INSERM U999, DHU TORINO, Paris Sud University, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Le Plessis Robinson, France
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Juyong Brian Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Holden Maecker
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Francois Haddad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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9
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Prunicki M, Miller S, Hopkins A, Poulin M, Movassagh H, Yan L, Nadeau KC. Wildfire smoke exposure is associated with decreased methylation of the PDL2 gene. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.146.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To investigate the association between wildfire smoke exposure and DNA methylation of Foxp3-related genes using targeted bisulfite specific methylation sequencing assays recently developed by EpigenDx.
Methods
Subjects (n=16) from the San Francisco Bay area were recruited and gave blood samples during wildfire smoke exposure from the Paradise, CA wildfire 165 miles away. Subjects had their blood re-drawn 3 months later when there was no smoke exposure. An immunology/Foxp3 methylation panel was developed for 20 genes covering 150 CpG sites, targeting genes known to exhibit distinctive methylation profiles in regulatory T cells. Multiplex PCR amplified the regions of interest, using minimal sample DNA and generates inserts ready for NGS adaptor ligation. By initially amplifying specific regions of bisulfite treated DNA, library preparation is enriched with a population of molecules that have potential as indicators or affecters of gene regulation. Using our EpigenDx Ion Torrent library preparation kit, we can ligate these amplified regions to barcoded adaptors in one step.
Results
Paired t-tests revealed less methylation of the PDL2 gene during wildfire exposure at sites immediately upstream of the transcriptional start sites (CpG #-85: p=.002; χ̄ wildfire= 26.3 +14.0; χ̄ no wildfire= 30.8+15.9 and CpG #-86:p=.004; χ̄ wildfire = 22.2+13.4; χ̄ no wildfire= 25.7+15.6), but not in the 5′UTR region (CpG #-84; p=.53). No significant differences were found for the other genes.
Conclusion
Wildfire smoke is associated with decreased PDL2 gene methylation. PDL2, a programmed death ligand, downregulates T cell responses and has previously been associated with airway inflammation and cancer, but not pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Prunicki
- 1Stanford Univ, Sean Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research
| | | | | | | | - Hesam Movassagh
- 1Stanford Univ, Sean Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research
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Prunicki M, Nadeau K, Lee J, Zhou X, Movassagh H, Wu J. Mass Cytometry Reveals Monocytes are Associated with Air Pollution and Blood Pressure in Minority Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.12.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Haddad F, Cauwenberghs N, Movassagh H, Maecker H, ATAAM JARTHUR, Wu J, Nadeau K, Prunicki M. Pollution-Associated Exposure Signature in Teenagers. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.12.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Movassagh H, Ojo OO, Mohammed A, Shan L, Halayko AJ, Gounni AS. Genetic Deletion of Semaphorin 3E Aggravates Airway Contraction in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:601-603. [PMID: 31042085 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0434le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oluwaseun O Ojo
- 1 University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and.,2 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Lianyu Shan
- 1 University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- 1 University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and.,2 Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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13
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Tatari N, Movassagh H, Shan L, Koussih L, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E Inhibits House Dust Mite-Induced Angiogenesis in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Am J Pathol 2019; 189:762-772. [PMID: 30711489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increased angiogenesis is a characteristic feature of remodeling in asthmatic airways and stems from the imbalance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Surprisingly, the factors regulating this process in allergic asthma are poorly defined. Previously, we showed an important role of semaphorins 3E (Sema3E) in growth factor-induced airway smooth muscle proliferation and migration in vitro, and in down-regulating airway inflammation, T helper 2/T helper 17 cytokine response, mucus cell hyperplasia, and airway hyperresponsiveness in vivo. However, the role of Sema3E in airway angiogenesis is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of Sema3E in airway angiogenesis using a house dust mite (HDM) murine model of allergic asthma. Intranasal treatment with recombinant Sema3E significantly reduced the expression of angiogenesis markers within the airways of HDM-challenged mice compared with untreated mice. HDM-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 protein were diminished substantially on Sema3E treatment. Interestingly, Sema3E-treated mice showed an enhanced expression of the negative regulator of angiogenesis, soluble VEGF receptor 1, compared with the untreated mice. These events were reversed in Sema3E-deficient mice at baseline or on HDM challenge. Taken together, this study provides the first evidence that Sema3E modulates angiogenesis in allergic asthmatic airways via modulating pro- and anti-angiogenic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Tatari
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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14
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Movassagh H, Koussih L, Shan L, Gounni AS. The regulatory role of semaphorin 3E in allergic asthma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 106:68-73. [PMID: 30447428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorins were originally discovered as essential mediators involved in regulation of axonal growth during development of the nervous system. Ubiquitously expressed on various organs, they control several cellular functions by regulating essential signaling pathways. Among them, semaphorin3E binds plexinD1 as the primary receptor and mediates regulatory effects on cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis considered major physiological and pathological features in health and disease. Recent in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence demonstrate a key regulator role of semaphorin3E on airway inflammation, hyperresponsivenss and remodeling in allergic asthma. Herein, we aim to provide a broad overview of the biology of semaphorin family and review the recently discovered regulatory role of semaphorin3E in modulating immune cells and structural cells function in the airways. These findings support the concept of semaphorin3E/plexinD1 axis as a therapeutic target in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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15
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Abstract
Semaphorins are a large family of proteins originally identified as axon guidance cues that play a crucial role in neural development. They are also ubiquitously expressed beyond the nervous system and contribute to regulation of essential cell functions, such as cell migration, proliferation, and adhesion. Binding of semaphorins to their receptors, including plexins and neuropilins, triggers diverse signaling pathways, which are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, from cancer to autoimmune and allergic disorders. Despite emerging evidence suggestive of nonredundant roles of semaphorins in cellular and molecular mechanisms of the airway biology, their precise expression and function have not been fully addressed. Here, we first provide an overview about the semaphorin family, their receptors, signaling pathways, and their cellular functions. Then, we highlight the novel findings on the role of semaphorins in airway biology under developmental, homeostatic, and pathological conditions. In particular, we discuss the dual roles of semaphorins in respiratory disorders where they can up- or downregulate processes underlying the pathophysiology of the airway diseases. Next, our recent findings on the expression and function of semaphorin 3E in allergic asthma are further emphasized, and its potential mechanism of action in allergic airway inflammation and remodeling is discussed. Finally, we raise some unanswered questions aiming to develop future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Forough Khadem
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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16
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Duke-Cohan JS, Chakir J, Halayko AJ, Koussih L, Gounni AS. Downregulation of semaphorin 3E promotes hallmarks of experimental chronic allergic asthma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:98953-98963. [PMID: 29228740 PMCID: PMC5716780 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Guidance cues such as semaphorins are attractive novel therapeutic targets for allergic disorders. We have previously described an inhibitory effect of semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) on human airway smooth muscle cell function. We have further addressed a canonical role for Sema3E in acute model of allergic asthma in vivo. Considering the chronic nature of the disease, the potential implication of Sema3E to alleviate long-lasting deficits should be investigated. Expression of Sema3E in a chronic model of allergic asthma was assessed after exposure to house dust mite (HDM) as a clinically relevant allergen. Chronic features of allergic asthma including airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and remodeling were studied in Sema3E-deficient mice. Additionally, the effect of exogenous Sema3E treatment was evaluated in prophylactic and therapeutic experimental models. We have demonstrated that expression of Sema3E is robustly suppressed in the airways upon chronic HDM exposure. Chronic allergic airway disease was significantly augmented in Sema3E-deficient mouse model which was associated with an increased AHR, remodeling, and Th2/Th17 inflammation. Intranasal Sema3E administration restored chronic deficits of allergic asthma in mice. Data from this study unveil a key regulatory role of Sema3E in chronic course of asthma via orchestration of impaired inflammatory and remodeling responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamila Chakir
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie du Quebec, Universite´ Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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17
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Duke-Cohan JS, Halayko AJ, Uzonna JE, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E Alleviates Hallmarks of House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Airway Disease. Am J Pathol 2017. [PMID: 28634005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorins are an essential family of guidance cues ubiquitously expressed in various organs, which play diverse developmental, homeostatic, and pathological roles. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), initially identified as a neuronal chemorepellent, is involved in the regulation of cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. However, expression and function of Sema3E in allergic asthma has not been extensively investigated. We determined the expression of Sema3E in the airways and its effect on airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling as pathological features of allergic asthma provoked by house dust mite in vivo. Our data indicate that exposure to house dust mite markedly reduces Sema3E expression in mouse airways. More important, replenishment of Sema3E by intranasal administration of exogenous Sema3E protects mice from allergic asthma by reducing eosinophilic inflammation, serum IgE level, and T helper cell 2/T helper cell 17 cytokine response. The regulatory effect of Sema3E on cytokine response was sustained on allergen recall response in the lymph nodes and spleen. Furthermore, goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, and airway hyperresponsiveness were significantly diminished on Sema3E treatment. The inhibitory effect of Sema3E was associated with a reduction of pulmonary CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells and regulation of CD4+ T-cell cytokine response. Collectively, our data represent a novel approach to treating allergic asthma via regulation of immune response to house dust mite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jude E Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Tabeling C, Herbert J, Hocke AC, Lamb DJ, Wollin SL, Erb KJ, Boiarina E, Movassagh H, Scheffel J, Doehn JM, Hippenstiel S, Maurer M, Gounni AS, Kuebler WM, Suttorp N, Witzenrath M. Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition blocks airway constriction and protects from Th2-induced airway inflammation and remodeling. Allergy 2017; 72:1061-1072. [PMID: 27906453 DOI: 10.1111/all.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is an intracellular nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, which has been implicated as central immune modulator promoting allergic airway inflammation. Syk inhibition has been proposed as a new therapeutic approach in asthma. However, the direct effects of Syk inhibition on airway constriction independent of allergen sensitization remain elusive. METHODS Spectral confocal microscopy of human and murine lung tissue was performed to localize Syk expression. The effects of prophylactic or therapeutic Syk inhibition on allergic airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling were analyzed in allergen-sensitized and airway-challenged mice. The effects of Syk inhibitors BAY 61-3606 or BI 1002494 on airway function were investigated in isolated lungs of wild-type, PKCα-deficient, mast cell-deficient, or eNOS-deficient mice. RESULTS Spleen tyrosine kinase expression was found in human and murine airway smooth muscle cells. Syk inhibition reduced allergic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and pulmonary collagen deposition. In naïve mice, Syk inhibition diminished airway responsiveness independently of mast cells, or PKCα or eNOS expression and rapidly reversed established bronchoconstriction independently of NO. Simultaneous inhibition of Syk and PKC revealed additive dilatory effects, whereas combined inhibition of Syk and rho kinase or Syk and p38 MAPK did not cause additive bronchodilation. CONCLUSIONS Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition directly attenuates airway smooth muscle cell contraction independent of its protective immunomodulatory effects on allergic airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. Syk mediates bronchoconstriction in a NO-independent manner, presumably via rho kinase and p38 MAPK, and Syk inhibition might present a promising therapeutic approach in chronic asthma as well as acute asthma attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Tabeling
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - J. Herbert
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - A. C. Hocke
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - D. J. Lamb
- Respiratory Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach Germany
| | - S. L. Wollin
- Respiratory Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach Germany
| | - K. J. Erb
- Respiratory Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach Germany
| | - E. Boiarina
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - H. Movassagh
- Department of Immunology; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - J. Scheffel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - J. M. Doehn
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - S. Hippenstiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - M. Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - A. S. Gounni
- Department of Immunology; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - W. M. Kuebler
- Department of Physiology; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Surgery; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - N. Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - M. Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
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19
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Chakir J, McConville JF, Halayko AJ, Koussih L, Gounni AS. Expression of semaphorin 3E is suppressed in severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:1176-1179. [PMID: 28506853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jamila Chakir
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie du Quebec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Mokarram P, Albokashy M, Zarghooni M, Moosavi MA, Sepehri Z, Chen QM, Hudecki A, Sargazi A, Alizadeh J, Moghadam AR, Hashemi M, Movassagh H, Klonisch T, Owji AA, Łos MJ, Ghavami S. New frontiers in the treatment of colorectal cancer: Autophagy and the unfolded protein response as promising targets. Autophagy 2017; 13:781-819. [PMID: 28358273 PMCID: PMC5446063 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1290751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), despite numerous therapeutic and screening attempts, still remains a major life-threatening malignancy. CRC etiology entails both genetic and environmental factors. Macroautophagy/autophagy and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are fundamental mechanisms involved in the regulation of cellular responses to environmental and genetic stresses. Both pathways are interconnected and regulate cellular responses to apoptotic stimuli. In this review, we address the epidemiology and risk factors of CRC, including genetic mutations leading to the occurrence of the disease. Next, we discuss mutations of genes related to autophagy and the UPR in CRC. Then, we discuss how autophagy and the UPR are involved in the regulation of CRC and how they associate with obesity and inflammatory responses in CRC. Finally, we provide perspectives for the modulation of autophagy and the UPR as new therapeutic options for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Mokarram
- a Colorectal Research Center and Department of Biochemistry , School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Mohammed Albokashy
- b Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science , Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Maryam Zarghooni
- c Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran.,d University of Toronto Alumni , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- e Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , Iran
| | - Zahra Sepehri
- c Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran
| | - Qi Min Chen
- b Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science , Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | | | | | - Javad Alizadeh
- b Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science , Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Adel Rezaei Moghadam
- b Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science , Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- g Department of Clinical Biochemistry , School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan , Iran
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- h Department of Immunology , Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Thomas Klonisch
- b Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science , Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Ali Akbar Owji
- i Department of Clinical Biochemistry , School of Medicine, Shiraz Medical University , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Marek J Łos
- j Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology , Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland ; LinkoCare Life Sciences AB , Sweden
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- b Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science , Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada.,k Health Policy Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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21
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Mohammed A, Halayko AJ, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E Deficiency Exacerbates Airway Inflammation, Hyperresponsiveness, and Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. J Immunol 2017; 198:1805-1814. [PMID: 28108561 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) plays a crucial role in axon guidance, vascular patterning, and immune regulation. Nevertheless, the role of Sema3E in asthma is still elusive. In this study, we show that genetic ablation of Sema3E in mice results in increased lung granulocytosis, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus overproduction, collagen deposition, and Th2/Th17 inflammation. Transfer of Sema3e-/- bone marrow progenitor cells to irradiated wild-type (WT) recipients exacerbates airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, whereas transfer of WT bone marrow progenitor cells ameliorates asthma pathology in Sema3e-/- recipients. Sema3e-/- mice display a higher frequency of CD11b+ pulmonary dendritic cells than their WT controls at the baseline and after sensitization with house dust mite. Adoptive transfer of CD11b+ pulmonary dendritic cells from Sema3e-/- mice into WT recipients increases house dust mite-induced Th2/Th17 inflammation in the airway. Together, these findings identify Sema3E as a novel regulatory molecule in allergic asthma that acts upstream of proallergic events and suggest that targeting this molecule could be a novel approach to treat allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Ashfaque Mohammed
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5 Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; and
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22
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Movassagh H, Saati A, Nandagopal S, Mohammed A, Tatari N, Shan L, Duke-Cohan JS, Fowke KR, Lin F, Gounni AS. Chemorepellent Semaphorin 3E Negatively Regulates Neutrophil Migration In Vitro and In Vivo. J Immunol 2016; 198:1023-1033. [PMID: 27913633 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil migration is an essential step in leukocyte trafficking during inflammatory responses. Semaphorins, originally discovered as axon guidance cues in neural development, have been shown to regulate cell migration beyond the nervous system. However, the potential contribution of semaphorins in the regulation of neutrophil migration is not well understood. This study examines the possible role of a secreted chemorepellent, Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), in neutrophil migration. In this study, we demonstrated that human neutrophils constitutively express Sema3E high-affinity receptor, PlexinD1. Sema3E displayed a potent ability to inhibit CXCL8/IL-8-induced neutrophil migration as determined using a microfluidic device coupled to real-time microscopy and a transwell system in vitro. The antimigratory effect of Sema3E on human neutrophil migration was associated with suppression of CXCL8/IL-8-mediated Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 GTPase activity and actin polymerization. We further addressed the regulatory role of Sema3E in the regulation of neutrophil migration in vivo. Allergen airway exposure induced higher neutrophil recruitment into the lungs of Sema3e-/- mice compared with wild-type controls. Administration of exogenous recombinant Sema3E markedly reduced allergen-induced neutrophil recruitment into the lungs, which was associated with alleviation of allergic airway inflammation and improvement of lung function. Our data suggest that Sema3E could be considered an essential regulatory mediator involved in modulation of neutrophil migration throughout the course of neutrophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Abeer Saati
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Saravanan Nandagopal
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ashfaque Mohammed
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Nazanin Tatari
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215; and
| | - Keith R Fowke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada;
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Redhu NS, Shan L, Al-Subait D, Ashdown HL, Movassagh H, Lamkhioued B, Gounni AS. IgE induces proliferation in human airway smooth muscle cells: role of MAPK and STAT3 pathways. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2013; 9:41. [PMID: 24499258 PMCID: PMC3842672 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-9-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is not specifically targeted by current asthma medications, partly owing to the lack of understanding of remodeling mechanisms, altogether posing great challenges in asthma treatment. Increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass due to hyperplasia/hypertrophy contributes significantly to overall airway remodeling and correlates with decline in lung function. Recent evidence suggests that IgE sensitization can enhance the survival and mediator release in inflammatory cells. Human ASM (HASM) cells express both low affinity (FcεRII/CD23) and high affinity IgE Fc receptors (FcεRI), and IgE can modulate the contractile and synthetic function of HASM cells. IgE was recently shown to induce HASM cell proliferation but the detailed mechanisms remain unknown. We report here that IgE sensitization induces HASM cell proliferation, as measured by 3H-thymidine, EdU incorporation, and manual cell counting. As an upstream signature component of FcεRI signaling, inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) abrogated the IgE-induced HASM proliferation. Further analysis of IgE-induced signaling depicted an IgE-mediated activation of Erk 1/2, p38, JNK MAPK, and Akt kinases. Lastly, lentiviral-shRNA-mediated STAT3 silencing completely abolished the IgE-mediated HASM cell proliferation. Collectively, our data provide mechanisms of a novel function of IgE which may contribute, at least in part, to airway remodeling observed in allergic asthma by directly inducing HASM cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 419 Apotex Centre- 750 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Halayko AJ, Roth M, Tamm M, Chakir J, Gounni AS. Neuronal chemorepellent Semaphorin 3E inhibits human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 133:560-7. [PMID: 23932461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic airway diseases, including asthma, are characterized by increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass that is due in part to growth factor-mediated ASM cell proliferation and migration. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are not completely understood. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) has emerged as an essential mediator involved in cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis, although its role in ASM cell function is not investigated. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the expression of Sema3E receptor, plexinD1, in human ASM cells (HASMCs); effect of Sema3E on basal and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced proliferation and migration; and underlying signaling pathways. METHODS Expression of plexinD1 in HASMCs was studied with RT-PCR, immunostaining, and flow cytometry. The effect of Sema3E on HASMC proliferation and migration was evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation, cell count, and Boyden chamber assay. Sema3E-mediated intracellular signaling was investigated with fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry, Rac1 activation, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS HASMCs from healthy persons expressed plexinD1 more than HASMCs from asthmatic patients. Sema3E increased plexinD1 expression in HASMCs from asthmatic patients. Recombinant Sema3E inhibited PDGF-mediated HASMC proliferation and migration, which was associated with F-actin depolymerization, suppression of PDGF-induced Rac1 guanosine triphosphatase activity, and Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 phosphorylation. Bronchial biopsies from patients with mild asthma displayed immunoreactivity of plexinD1, suggesting the potential in vivo role of Sema3E-PlexinD1 axis in HASMC function. CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence that Sema3E receptor is expressed and plays functional roles in HASMCs. Our data suggest a regulatory role of Sema3E in PDGF-mediated proliferation and migration, leading to downregulation of ASM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Michael Roth
- University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jamila Chakir
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie du Quebec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Yeganeh B, Xia C, Movassagh H, Koziol-White C, Chang Y, Al-Alwan L, Bourke JE, Oliver BGG. Emerging mediators of airway smooth muscle dysfunction in asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2012; 26:105-11. [PMID: 22776693 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic changes in airway smooth muscle are integral to the pathophysiological changes that constitute asthma - namely inflammation, airway wall remodelling and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the proliferative, secretory and contractile functions of airway smooth muscle are dysfunctional in asthma. These functions can be modulated by various mediators whose levels are altered in asthma, derived from inflammatory cells or produced by airway smooth muscle itself. In this review, we describe the emerging roles of the CXC chemokines (GROs, IP-10), Th17-derived cytokines (IL-17, IL-22) and semaphorins, as well as the influence of viral infection on airway smooth muscle function, with a view to identifying new opportunities for therapeutic intervention in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Yeganeh
- Department of Physiology, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Edriss MA, Dashab G, Ghareh Aghaji AA, Nilforooshan MA, Movassagh H. A study on some physical attributes of Naeini sheep wool for textile industry. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:415-20. [PMID: 19069511 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.415.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate some physical and qualitative characteristics of Naeini sheep wool for using in textile industry, herds from 6 different regions of Isfahan province were chosen. Staple length from 3 different body parts (shoulder, side and britch) was measured prior to shearing. Wool samples were taken from a 100 cm2 surface on the mid-side of the Animals. Then the samples were transferred to the Laboratory of Animal Sciences for evaluations of some quality characteristics and to the Fiber Physics Laboratory for measuring tenacity, breaking strength and elongation at break of fibers. The means and standard deviations of staple length were estimated (10.8 +/- 2.36), (9.71 +/- 3.14) and (10.99 +/- 2.49) cm for shoulder, side and britch parts, respectively. The total average staple length of Naeini sheep (10.5 cm) is suitable for using in textile industry. Wool fibers of Naeini sheep have desirable tenacity and breaking strength (1.22 cN/dtex and 13.76 centi-Newton) to resist against mechanical tensions of the spinning step. However, Naeini sheep wool fibers have an adequate, but not a desirable % elongation at break (28.6%). Based on the fiber diameter mean of Naeini sheep and its variation (28.51 +/- 4.33 microm) the fleece grade of Naeini sheep was predicted 54's, which is an intermediate grade. However, by conducting breeding programs toward enhancing fleece grade, Naeini sheep wool will be simply applicable in textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Edriss
- Department of Animal Science, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
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Rafati S, Hassani N, Taslimi Y, Movassagh H, Rochette A, Papadopoulou B. Amastin peptide-binding antibodies as biomarkers of active human visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2007; 13:1104-10. [PMID: 17028214 PMCID: PMC1595312 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00188-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Amastin surface proteins belong to a large family of developmentally regulated proteins comprising up to 45 members that have recently been discovered in the genus Leishmania and are highly similar to the amastin proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi. All members of the amastin gene family contain a highly conserved 11-amino-acid (aa) signature at the N terminus, which is unique to the amastin proteins and to the Trypanosomatidae family. Recent studies have demonstrated that this region is highly protective in a mouse model. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the potential of the 50-aa N-terminal domain of amastin proteins harboring the conserved 11-aa amastin signature peptide as a relevant immune biomarker of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). We report here the amastin-binding total immunoglobulins (IgG) and/or IgG subclasses in the sera of patients at different stages of CL (n=90) and VL (n=41). In CL cases, there is no significant difference in seroreactivities between active, recovered, and nonhealed cases. However, the amastin peptide-reactive antibodies were present at high titers in 19 of 20 sera collected from patients with active VL compared to sera from patients recovered from VL and asymptomatic cases of VL. These data suggest that the amastin signature peptide could represent a relevant biomarker for the serodiagnosis of VL and, most importantly, that it could permit differentiation among the different stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Rafati
- Molecular Immunology and Vaccine Research Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69 Pasteur Ave., Tehran 13164, Iran.
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