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Oh DJ, Han JW, Kim TH, Kwak KP, Kim BJ, Kim SG, Kim JL, Moon SW, Park JH, Ryu SH, Youn JC, Lee DW, Lee SB, Lee JJ, Jhoo JH, Kim KW. Association of Depression With the Progression of Multimorbidity in Older Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 32:957-967. [PMID: 38443296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between depression and the risk of multimorbidity progression has rarely been studied in older adults. This study was aimed to determine whether depression is associated with progression in the severity and complexity of multimorbidity, considering the influence of depression's severity and subtype. METHODS As a part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia, this population-based cohort study followed a random sample of community-dwelling Koreans aged 60 and older for 8 years at 2-year intervals starting in 2010. Participants included those who completed mood and multimorbidity assessments and did not exhibit complex multimorbidity at the study's outset. Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale, while multimorbidity was evaluated using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. The study quantified multimorbidity complexity by counting affected body systems and measured multimorbidity severity by averaging scores across 14 body systems. FINDINGS The 2,486 participants (age = 69.1 ± 6.5 years, 57.6% women) were followed for 5.9 ± 2.4 years. Linear mixed models revealed that participants with depression had a faster increase in multimorbidity complexity score (β = .065, SE = 0.019, p = 0.001) than those without depression, but a comparable increase in multimorbidity severity score (β = .001, SE = .009, p = 0.870) to those without depression. Cox proportional hazard models revealed that depression was associated with the risk of developing highly complex multimorbidity affecting five or more body systems, particularly in severe or anhedonic depression. INTERPRETATION Depression was associated with the worsening of multimorbidity in Korean older adults, particularly when severe or anhedonic. Early screening and management of depression may help to reduce the burden of multimorbidity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Jong Oh
- Workplace Mental Health Institute (DJO), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry (JWH, KWK), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Tae Hui Kim
- Department of Psychiatry (THK), Yonsei University Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kyung Phil Kwak
- Department of Psychiatry (KPK), Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Bong Jo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry (BJK), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Shin Gyeom Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry (SGK), Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jeong Lan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry (JLK), School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seok Woo Moon
- Department of Psychiatry (SWM), School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Korea
| | - Joon Hyuk Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry (JHP), Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry (S-HR), School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Chul Youn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry (JCY), Kyunggi Provincial Hospital for the Elderly, Yongin, Korea
| | - Dong Woo Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry (DWL), Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Bum Lee
- Department of Psychiatry (SBL, JJL), Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jung Jae Lee
- Department of Psychiatry (SBL, JJL), Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jin Hyeong Jhoo
- Department of Psychiatry (JHJ), Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry (JWH, KWK), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggido, Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Science (KWK), Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee J, Kim BS, Hong JP, Cho SJ, Lee JY, Park JI, Jeon HJ, Chang SM. Temporal priority of lifetime alcohol use disorders and comorbid psychiatric disorders in adults: Results from a population-based nationwide survey in Korea. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:750-755. [PMID: 37437734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in Korea, few studies have been conducted on the temporal priority with comorbid mental disorders. We investigated the temporal priority of lifetime AUDs and comorbid mood and anxiety disorders among the general population of Korea. METHODS Data of 18,807 respondents aged 18 years or older, collected from three national epidemiological surveys comprising face-to-face interviews using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV mental disorders. For each mood or anxiety disorder, the extent to which one mental disorder precedes another was investigated by calculating the proportion of primary AUDs by that of primary mood or anxiety disorder. RESULTS Regarding alcohol dependence, dysthymic disorder is 5.6 times more likely to occur before alcohol dependence. Moreover, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and specific phobia are 3.6 times, 4.5 times, and 6.3 times more likely to occur before, respectively. Regarding alcohol abuse, specific phobia is 6.3 times more likely to occur before, whereas major depressive disorder is two times more likely to occur after. Moreover, the lag times between primary alcohol abuse and subsequent mood or anxiety disorders were longer than those between primary alcohol dependence and the latter. LIMITATIONS The age of onset might be subject to recall bias. The presence of non-respondents could have influenced the results. CONCLUSION We need to recognize that one of the mental disorders could lead to another and consider it in the management of people with AUDs or mood and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Man Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
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Wang Y, Ye JL, Chen T, Zhang L. Assessment of psychometric properties of the Huaxi Emotional-distress Index questionnaire (HEI)in a large sample of general hospital inpatients. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 84:188-193. [PMID: 37572466 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Huaxi Emotional-distress Index questionnaire (HEI) is a 9-item questionnaire designed to measure psychological distress. The present study aimed to validate the factor structure of the HEI and its reliability and validity using a large sample from inpatients of West China Hospital. METHODS HEI data were collected from inpatients of various departments at West China Hospital in 2019 through the hospital's data management platform (total sample, N = 55,396). The internal consistency reliability of the HEI was examined. Exploratory factor analysis (N = 27,696) and confirmatory factor analysis(N = 27,700) were conducted to validate the construct validity. RESULTS Three factors, namely depression (DEP), anxiety (ANX), and suicidal risk (SR), were extracted through exploratory factor analysis, which accounted for 79.55% of the total variance.The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the fit for the three-component model oblique model as the best-fitting model compared with one-component model and two-component model. The internal consistency of the HEI was α =0.918. The internal consistencyα of ANX, DEP and SR is 0.87,0.814,0.843 respectively. CONCLUSIONS HEI is a validated and concise tool that serves a dual purpose of screening for mood disorders and assessing depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as suicidal risk among inpatients in Chinese general hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Lu Ye
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Lee JD, Lee JH. Association between Possible Sarcopenia and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2018. Korean J Fam Med 2023; 44:143-150. [PMID: 37225439 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.22.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increased clinical and research interest in sarcopenia, even in Asia, not much is known about the association between sarcopenia and depressive symptoms. Sarcopenia and depressive symptoms are associated with several health problems in older adults; therefore, we investigated the association between sarcopenia and depression in Korean older adults. METHODS The study sample included 1,929 participants aged over 60 years (44.6% men; mean age, 69.7 years) from nationally representative data of the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey. Possible sarcopenia was defined according to the diagnostic algorithm of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019; however, we measured only hand-grip strength (kg) in this study. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used for screening for symptoms of depression. A cross-sectional analysis was used to examine the relationship between possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms were identified in 538 (27.9%) and 97 (5.0%) participants, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, and other potential covariates, possible sarcopenia was positively associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.36-3.11; P<0.001). CONCLUSION Possible sarcopenia was significantly associated with depressive symptoms in Korean older adults. Early interventions for possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms in routine clinical practice could help Korean older adults to have healthy aging. Future studies are required to explore any causal relationship between possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms in Korean older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Dong Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Toussaint L, Lee JA, Hyun MH, Shields GS, Slavich GM. Forgiveness, rumination, and depression in the United States and Korea: A cross-cultural mediation study. J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:143-157. [PMID: 35700333 PMCID: PMC11216058 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although substantial research has separately investigated forgiveness, rumination, and depression in the United States, few studies have investigated all three constructs in the same sample and we know of no studies that have examined how forgiveness, rumination, and depression are interrelated across cultures. METHOD To address this issue, we conducted a cross-cultural study wherein 204 and 297 healthy young adults from Korea and the United States, respectively, completed the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, Ruminative Response Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory-II. RESULTS Compared to US participants, Korean participants exhibited more forgiveness, similar levels of rumination, and slightly more depression. Two-group structural equation models revealed that forgiveness was directly related to depressive symptoms, and that forgiveness was indirectly related to depressive symptoms through rumination, in both the United States (proportion mediated = 0.363) and Korea (proportion mediated = 0.394). This indirect association did not differ across cultures. CONCLUSION Considered together, these results suggest that forgiveness appears to have beneficial effects on depression that are mediated through forgiveness-related reductions in rumination, and, importantly, that these effects are similar across cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Toussaint
- Department of Psychology, Luther College, Decorah, Iowa, USA
| | - Jiahn A. Lee
- Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myoung Ho Hyun
- Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Grant S. Shields
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - George M. Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Jimenez DE, Park M, Rosen D, Joo JH, Garza DM, Weinstein ER, Conner K, Silva C, Okereke O. Centering Culture in Mental Health: Differences in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Access to Care Among Older People of Color. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 30:1234-1251. [PMID: 35914985 PMCID: PMC9799260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mental healthcare disparities are routinely documented, yet they remain wider than in most other areas of healthcare services and common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) continue to be one of the highest health burdens for older people of color. To address disparities in mental health services for older people of color, the narrative must move beyond simply documenting these inequities and attain a better understanding of the internalized, interpersonal, systemic, and medical racism that have harmed these communities and excluded them from its services in the first place. It is imperative that researchers, clinicians, and policymakers acknowledge the realities of racism and discrimination as leading causes of mental healthcare disparities. Therefore, this review is a call-to-action. Authors adopt an antiracist and health equity lens in evaluating the differing needs of Blacks/African-Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos by exploring psychiatric comorbidity, experiences with seeking, accessing, and engaging in treatment, and the unique cultural and psychosocial factors that affect treatment outcomes for these diverse groups. Further, authors offer researchers and practitioners tangible tools for developing and implementing culturally-sensitive, mental health focused interventions for older people of color with special attention placed on cultural adaptations, models of care, prevention, and practical strategies that can be implemented to reduce disparities and increase equity in mental healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Jimenez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
| | - Mijung Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Daniel Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Jin Hui Joo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - David Martinez Garza
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Elliott R Weinstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Kyaien Conner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Caroline Silva
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Olivia Okereke
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (DEJ, DMG), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Department of Family Health Care Nursing (MP), University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA; School of Social Work (DR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Psychiatry (JHJ, OO), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychology (ERW), University of Miami, Miami, FL; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy (KC), College of Behavioral and Community Sciences University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychiatry (CS), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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Shen Y, Yuan S, Liu J, Sun B, Chen Z, Zheng L, Chen L, Chen H, Feng H, He H. The reliability, validity and screening effect of the happiness index scale among inpatients in a general hospital. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:601. [PMID: 36085028 PMCID: PMC9463772 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Happiness Index Scale (HIS) is a newly developed scale by our group to screen for common psychological illnesses among general hospital inpatients. This study aimed to analyze the reliability, validity and screening effect of the HIS and to explore its clinical application. METHODS From April 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021, a total of 8405 continuous inpatients were enrolled from different departments of a large tertiary general hospital with 1385 inpatient beds in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Using a cross-sectional survey design, each participant was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire 9(PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 items(GAD-7), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and HIS within 24 h of admission. McDonald's ω coefficient, the Guttman split-half coefficient and the test-retest reliability coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability of the HIS and the construct validity and criterion validity of the validity tests. Scores on the PHQ-9, GAD-7, AIS, and C-SSRS were used as the gold standard tools to analyze the screening effect of the HIS. RESULTS The HIS exhibited very good reliability, with a McDonald's ω coefficient of 0.825, a Guttman split-half coefficient of 0.920 and a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.745 (P < 0.05). Confirmatory factor analysis showed a satisfactory model fitting index with a χ2/df = 2.602, a root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.014, a standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) of 0.010, a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.992, and a Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) of 0.983. The correlation coefficient between the total score of each dimension of the scale and the corresponding criterion was 0.854 ~ 0.949 (P < 0.001). The HIS showed a very good distinguishing effect. The average HIS score of inpatients who screened positive for psychological problems was significantly higher than that of inpatients who screened negative for psychological problems (t = 3790.619, P < 0.001). The effect size was very large (Cohens d = 2.695, 95% CI = 2.630 ~ 2.761). Approximately 90.2% of the positive and negative screening results of the HIS were matched with the gold standard tools, with a kappa value of 0.747 (P < 0.001). The screening effect test showed a sensitivity (true positive rate) of 92.9% and a specificity (true negative rate) of 89.5%. CONCLUSION The HIS exhibited satisfactory reliability and validity and a clinically meaningful screening effect with a much shorter version compared to the commonly used screening scales. Thus, it could potentially be useful as the first screening step to rule out psychological conditions for inpatients in general hospitals or to remind medical teams of further psychological concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhong Shen
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China ,The Third People’s Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Sun
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijiao Zheng
- The Third People’s Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lihao Chen
- The Third People’s Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- The Third People’s Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Huiqiang Feng
- grid.459864.20000 0004 6005 705XGuangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo He
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Men's Depression, Externalizing, and DSM-5-TR: Primary Signs and Symptoms or Co-occurring Symptoms? Harv Rev Psychiatry 2022; 30:317-322. [PMID: 36103684 DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Christensen MC, Schmidt S, Grande I. Effectiveness of vortioxetine in patients with major depressive disorder comorbid with generalized anxiety disorder: Results of the RECONNECT study. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:566-577. [PMID: 35499104 PMCID: PMC9112621 DOI: 10.1177/02698811221090627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are frequently comorbid. AIMS To assess the effectiveness of vortioxetine in patients with MDD and comorbid GAD. METHODS Open-label, 8-week study (NCT04220996) in 100 adult outpatients with severe MDD and severe comorbid GAD receiving vortioxetine as first treatment for the current depressive episode or switching to vortioxetine due to inadequate response to another drug for depression. Vortioxetine starting dosage was 10 mg/day, with forced up-titration to 20 mg/day after 1 week. Response was defined as ⩾50% decrease in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and/or Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) total score from baseline; remission defined as MADRS and/or HAM-A total score ⩽10. RESULTS Clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements from baseline in symptoms of depression and anxiety, and overall functioning and health-related quality of life, were observed after 8 weeks' vortioxetine treatment (all changes p < 0.0001 vs baseline). At week 8, rates of MADRS response and remission were 61% and 35%, respectively. Corresponding rates of HAM-A response and remission were 55% and 42%. Response on both the MADRS and HAM-A scales was achieved by 52% of patients; 31% achieved remission on both scales. Vortioxetine dose up-titration was well tolerated; no unexpected adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION Vortioxetine demonstrates effectiveness in significantly reducing symptoms of both depression and anxiety in patients with severe MDD comorbid with severe GAD. Findings support increasing vortioxetine dosage to 20 mg/day early in the course of therapy, and show that this may be achieved without compromising tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iria Grande
- Bipolar and Depression Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
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Choi SJ, Park CHK, Hong YH, Sung JJ. Previous psychiatric disorders in the multistep hypothesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a South Korean population study. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2022; 23:601-607. [PMID: 35164606 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2022.2035765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective: There is accumulating evidence about an association between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and psychiatric disorders. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of previous psychiatric disorders before ALS onset and evaluate the contribution of psychiatric disorders to the number of steps toward developing ALS.Methods: We analyzed the National Health Insurance claims data from 2011 to 2017 and calculated the incidence of ALS. We created a multistep model using the linear least squares method with regression of the log incidence against the log age.Results: The mean annual incidence of ALS was 0.95/100,000 and frequency of familial ALS (fALS) was 5.89%. The proportions of patients who had psychiatric disorders before ALS diagnosis were 36.8% and 47.0% in fALS and sporadic ALS (sALS), respectively (p = 0.009). In both fALS and sALS, depressive disorders and anxiety and stress disorders were relatively frequent, whereas psychotic disorders and bipolar disorders were rare. Further, the slope estimates for regression analyses were 3.50 (R2 = 0.94) and 3.56 (R2 = 0.99) for fALS and sALS, respectively, suggesting a 4-5-step process to ALS onset. However, slope estimates did not differ between sALS patients with pre-symptomatic psychiatric disorders and those without.Conclusions: The incidence of ALS is relatively low in Korea and fewer steps are required to develop ALS compared to Western populations (all 6 steps). Although the prevalence of previous depression or anxiety is seemingly high, the multistep model provides no evidence that these conditions modify the risk of developing ALS in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jin Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - C Hyung Keun Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Ho Hong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Sung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Lee J, Kim H, Hong JP, Cho SJ, Lee JY, Jeon HJ, Kim BS, Chang SM. Trends in the Prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder by Sociodemographic Factors in Korea: Results from Nationwide General Population Surveys in 2001, 2006, and 2011. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e244. [PMID: 34636501 PMCID: PMC8506416 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated trends in the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) by sociodemographic factors in South Korea. METHODS National samples of the general population aged 18 years or older collected from the nationwide Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area surveys conducted in 2001 (n = 6,206), 2006 (n = 6,466), and 2011 (n = 5,986) were used. For MDD diagnosis, we conducted face-to-face interviews using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. We performed logistic regression analyses stratified by gender, after adjusting for other sociodemographic variables, to calculate the 2006-to-2001 odds ratio (OR) and 2011-to-2001 OR by subgroups of sociodemographic factors to explore the association of MDD prevalence with sociodemographic factors over time. RESULTS The prevalence of MDD in the general population of South Korea increased steadily from 2001, to 2006, and to 2011 (1.6%, 2.5%, and 3.1%, respectively). Among the men, the prevalence of MDD continued to increase significantly in 18-29 years of age group (2006: adjusted OR [AOR], 3.32; 2011: AOR, 7.42), at-risk drinking group (2006: AOR, 3.56; 2011: AOR, 4.77), and not living with a partner group (2006: AOR, 3.24; 2011: AOR, 3.25). Meanwhile, among the women, the prevalence of MDD continued to significantly increase in the below-average household income group (2006: AOR, 2.58; 2011: AOR, 2.59), at-risk drinking group (2006: AOR, 2.02; 2011: AOR, 2.47), and unemployed group (2006: AOR, 1.48; 2011: AOR, 2.04). CONCLUSION This study may provide significant information for public policymakers to allocate sufficient health resources on MDD to vulnerable groups, particularly, men aged 18-29 years and women living in households with below-average income, and for clinicians to develop appropriate screening and treatment modalities for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyerim Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Man Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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12
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Hong JW, Noh JH, Kim DJ. The prevalence of and factors associated with depressive symptoms in the Korean adults: the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:659-670. [PMID: 32780175 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with depressive symptoms in the Korean adult population. METHODS 10,710 participants in the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were analyzed in this study. Assessment of depressive symptoms was performed using the self-administered nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). RESULTS The weighted prevalence of clinically relevant depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) in the Korean adult population was 6.1% [5.5-6.8%]. Female sex, adults aged 19-29 years, elementary school graduation, living alone were significantly associated with clinically relevant depression. Having a household income ≤ 24th percentile was associated with a 2.26 (CI 1.49-3.45, p < 0.001)-fold higher prevalence of clinically relevant depression compared to having a household income ≥ 75th percentile. Regarding occupation, treating managers and professionals as controls, we found that unemployed individuals (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.52-3.65, p < 0.001) had an increased risk of clinically relevant depression. Alcohol consumption < 30 g/day was reversely associated with clinically relevant depression (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-0.93, p = 0.007), when abstain from alcohol was treated as control. Current smokers (OR 3.42, 95% CI 2.54-4.60, p < 0.001) and ex-smokers (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.24-2.42, p = 0.001) had a higher risk of clinically relevant depression than never-smokers. CONCLUSIONS The estimated prevalence of depressive symptoms in a representative sample of the Korean adult population was 6.1%. This study suggests that younger age, female sex, elementary school graduation, living alone, low household income, current smoking, and being unemployed are associated with depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 2240 Daehwa-dong, Ilsanseoku, Koyang, Gyonggido, 411-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Noh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 2240 Daehwa-dong, Ilsanseoku, Koyang, Gyonggido, 411-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 2240 Daehwa-dong, Ilsanseoku, Koyang, Gyonggido, 411-706, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Na KS, Kang JM, Cho SE. Prevalence of DSM-5 mixed features: A meta-analysis and systematic review. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:203-210. [PMID: 33418368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The definition of mixed features by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) remains controversal; however, there has been no systematic review of the prevalence of DSM-5 mixed features. We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to examine the prevalence of DSM-5-defined mixed features in major depressive episodes (MDE) and manic/hypomanic episodes. METHODS We systematically searched all literature types (i.e., observational, cross-sectional, cohort, retrospective chart review, and post-hoc analysis) in electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from 2013 to 2020. RESULTS A total of 17 studies with 20 samples were selected. The pooled prevalences of the mixed features in MDE and manic/hypomanic episodes were 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.9-16.7%) and 26.8 (95% CI = 17.0-39.5%), respectively. The prevalence of mixed features during major depressive disorder in East Asian countries was the lowest, which ranged from 0-2.2%. The subgroup analysis did not identify any influential factors for substantial heterogeneity. Most of the individual studies demonstrated moderate to high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Despite the increasing attention and controversy surrounding DSM-5-defined mixed features, few studies have systematically estimated the prevalence. Future studies with appropriate design and sample sizes should measure the prevalence of mixed features during MDE and manic/hypomanic episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Arias de la Torre J, Vilagut G, Ronaldson A, Dregan A, Ricci-Cabello I, Hatch SL, Serrano-Blanco A, Valderas JM, Hotopf M, Alonso J. Prevalence and age patterns of depression in the United Kingdom. A population-based study. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:164-172. [PMID: 33059219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
METHODS A representative sample of the UK population (n=17,152) from the European Health Interview Survey of 2014 was included in the analyses. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) was used to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and of probable depressive disorder. Prevalence estimates (95%CI) were calculated. The association between prevalence and age was assessed using multivariable multinomial logistic and logistic regression models. All analyses were carried out for the total sample and stratified by sex. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms ranged from 11.3% (10.6-11.9) for mild, to 3.3% (3.0-3.7) for severe symptoms. The prevalence of probable depressive disorder was 7.5% (95%CI: 7.0-8.0). A significantly higher prevalence of probable depressive disorder was found in those aged 45 to 59 years old compared with those aged 16 to 29. For the prevalence of severe depressive symptoms those age differences were even higher: 2.55 times higher (5.38 for men and 1.75 for women). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design precludes stablishing the direction of the relationship between age and the prevalence. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence and age patterns of depression in the UK were described. A peak in the prevalence was identified during middle adulthood. These results could serve as a reference for the monitoring of depression in the UK and the development of preventive strategies, particularly in the high-risk population groups identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arias de la Torre
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Services Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amy Ronaldson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alex Dregan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ignacio Ricci-Cabello
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Balearic Islands Health Services, Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain Health - Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Stephani L Hatch
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK; ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Antoni Serrano-Blanco
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Valderas
- Health Services and Policy Research Group, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jordi Alonso
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Services Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; Dept. of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Hajek A, König HH. Prevalence and Correlates of Individuals Screening Positive for Depression and Anxiety on the PHQ-4 in the German General Population: Findings from the Nationally Representative German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7865. [PMID: 33121023 PMCID: PMC7662232 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of probable depression and anxiety in the general adult population in Germany. Repeated cross-sectional data (i.e., cross-sectional data observed at different time points: year 2012 and year 2014) were derived from the innovation sample of the German Socio-Economic Panel, a population-based study of German households. The validated Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) was used to measure probable depression and anxiety. In the analytical sample, n equaled 2952 individuals. According to the PHQ-4 cut-off values, 10.4% of the individuals had probable depression and 9.8% of the individuals had probable anxiety. Regressions revealed that the likelihood of depression was positively associated with lower age (OR: 0.98 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99)), being unmarried (and living together with spouse) (OR: 0.75 (0.58-0.98)), worse self-rated health (OR: 1.99 (1.73-2.27)), and more chronic diseases (OR: 1.18 (1.07-1.31)). Furthermore, the likelihood of anxiety was positively associated with being female (OR: 1.36 (95% CI: 1.04-1.76)), lower age (OR: 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97-0.99)), low education (medium education, OR: 0.69 (0.50-0.95)), worse self-rated health (OR: 2.00 (1.74-2.30)), and more chronic diseases (OR: 1.15 (1.03-1.27)). The magnitude of depression and anxiety was highlighted. Clinicians should be aware of the factors associated with probable depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
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16
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Zhou Y, Xu J, Rief W. Are comparisons of mental disorders between Chinese and German students possible? An examination of measurement invariance for the PHQ-15, PHQ-9 and GAD-7. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:480. [PMID: 33004042 PMCID: PMC7531122 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02859-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) is one of the most commonly used instruments to assess mental disorders. However, research on its cross-cultural measurement invariance is not yet sufficient. This study examined the measurement invariance of the Chinese and German versions of the PHQ's somatic symptom severity scale (PHQ-15), depressive symptom severity scale (PHQ-9) and seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale as a prerequisite for their use in cross-cultural comparisons. METHODS We used online data collected from groups of Chinese students in China (n = 413) and German students in Germany (n = 416). Separate measurement models for each group were examined using confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance testing was conducted to test the cross-cultural equivalence. RESULTS Findings demonstrated that the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 had partial scalar measurement invariance, but the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the PHQ-15 could not be confirmed. Comparisons of latent means did not indicate differences in the levels of depression and anxiety symptoms between Chinese and German samples. CONCLUSION The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 can be used in cross-cultural comparison of prevalence, but the intercultural use of PHQ-15 is more problematic. Findings are discussed from intercultural and methodological perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Jing Xu
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Department of Marxism, University of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Winfried Rief
- grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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17
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Meng Y, Li Y, Cao H, Xu Y, Wang B. Development of two psychological experience questionnaires for screening violence-related mental health disorders of non-psychiatric inpatients. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:151. [PMID: 32450852 PMCID: PMC7249322 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased violent events happen in the general hospitals in China and yet non-psychiatric departments do not have tools for violence-tendency screening. Methods The current study developed and evaluated two Inpatient Psychological Experience Questionnaires (IPEQs) for the screening of violence-related six mental health disorders: (Inpatient Psychological Experience Questionnaire-1 (IPEQ-1): anxiety, depression and suicidality; Inpatient Psychological Experience Questionnaire-2 (IPEQ-2): paranoid personality disorder, emotionally unstable personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder). Two initial IPEQs (IPEQ-1: 37 items and IPEQ-2: 30 items) were developed and assessed by domain experts. Then 1210 inpatients were recruited and divided into three groups (160, 450 and 600 samples, respectively) for IPEQs item selection and evaluation. During the two-stage item selection, three statistical methods including Pearson’s correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis and item response theory were applied. For the item evaluation, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity and construct validity of the final questionnaires were measured. Results Twelve items were selected for each IPEQs. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.91 and 0.78 for IPEQ-1 and IPEQ-2, respectively. Test-retest replication ratios were 0.95 and 0.87 for IPEQ-1 and IPEQ-2, respectively. Correlation coefficients between different disorders and their related-tools scores were [0.51, 0.44] and [0.40, 0.44] for IPEQ-1 and IPEQ-2, respectively and were significant (P < 0.01). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the validity of the final IPEQs (P < 0.05), and the model fit index met the criterion generally. Conclusion The IPEQs developed in this study could be effective and easy-to-use tools for screening inpatients with violence-intendancy in non-psychosomatic departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Meng
- Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.,Nursing College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Li
- Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbao Cao
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University (GMU), Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Binquan Wang
- Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Do Asian and North American patients with bipolar disorder have similar efficacy, tolerability, and safety profile during clinical trials with atypical antipsychotics? J Affect Disord 2020; 261:259-270. [PMID: 31669925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The approvals of psychotropics for bipolar disorder (BD) are mainly based on randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) from North America. It remains unknown whether approved psychotropics have similar efficacy, tolerability, and safety for Asians with BD. The aim of this systematic review was to compare those differences of psychotropics between Asians and North Americans with BD. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched for RCTs studied in two regions. The effect size, remission/response rate, and risk for discontinuation due to adverse events (AEs), weight gain (WG), nervous systems and gastrointestinal AEs were assessed and compared between two regions with Cohen's d or number needed to treat/harm. RESULTS Eleven studies of aripiprazole, olanzapine, risperidone, and quetiapine in BD were included. Similar efficacy and relatively benign tolerability of atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) between Asians and Americans with BD were observed in most studies. The risk for AAP-related WG was similar between two regions. Asians with mania or bipolar depression were more vulnerable to akathisia/tremor or constipation. Japanese and Chinese with bipolar depression were more sensitive to somnolence and dizziness, respectively. Americans were more likely to have dry mouth, nausea, and vomiting. LIMITATIONS The number of included psychotropics and papers was small. CONCLUSIONS Differences in AAP-related efficacy and tolerability were minimal between the two regions, but some AEs appeared to be different. Clinicians should pay attention to these differences to optimize treatment strategies in different races/ethnicities with BD.
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Lee HS, Kwon Y, Shon SH, Park KJ, Kim HW. Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Adolescent Version of the General Behavior Inventory in Korean Youth. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2019; 30:168-177. [PMID: 32595338 PMCID: PMC7298903 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.190023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We examined the factor structure of the Adolescent version of the General Behavior Inventory (A-GBI) for Koreans. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 220 adolescents (age, 12–18 years) who completed the A-GBI through the Department of Psychiatry at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, from October 2011 to December 2018. Caregivers of the study participants completed the Parent version of the GBI (P-GBI) 10-item Mania Scale. The adolescents were evaluated based on the A-GBI, Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), and Revised-Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). Subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using the maximum likelihood method with direct oblimin rotation and correlation analyses with other scales were performed. Results: The EFA identified a two-factor structure as having the best fit: factor I included depressive symptoms and factor II included hypomanic/biphasic symptoms. Factor I was very strongly correlated with the A-GBI depressive subscale (r=0.990, p<0.001) and strongly correlated with CDI (r=0.764, p<0.001) and RCMAS (r=0.666, p<0.001). Factor II was also very strongly correlated with the A-GBI hypomanic/biphasic subscale (r=0.877, p<0.001) and weakly correlated with CDI (r=0.274, p<0.001) and RCMAS (r=0.332, p<0.001). Conclusion: The above findings support a two-dimensional model of mood symptoms in Korean youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yejin Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Shon
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Jeong Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Won Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Woo J, Hong JP, Cho SJ, Lee JY, Joen HJ, Kim BS, Chang SM. Bidirectional Association between First-Episode Panic Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder in a Nationwide General Population Survey in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e181. [PMID: 31269543 PMCID: PMC6609421 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panic disorder (PD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) can occur concurrently, despite different clinical manifestations. Because MDD and PD patients tend to have more complicated conditions, understanding the co-occurrence and pattern of these conditions is important. Here, we investigated the influence of PD and MDD on each other, with respect to time interval. METHODS Data from three national representative surveys were pooled (total 18,807 respondents), and the age of onset (AOO) of PD and MDD was analyzed. We performed Kaplan-Meier analysis to estimate separate survival functions, using the AOO of MDD and PD as the outcome. To understand the temporal effect of other disorders, we used a Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the hazard ratios for the onset of MDD/PD with other comorbidities as time-dependent covariates. RESULTS PD elevated the risk of subsequent MDD by 1.5-fold, whereas MDD elevated the risk of subsequent PD by 3.8-fold. The effect of such an elevation risk was significant for up to 2 years. CONCLUSION The results revealed a bidirectional relationship between MDD and PD. Each disease represents a risk of a subsequent occurrence of the other, which lasts for a considerable duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon Medical School, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Jin Joen
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Man Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Fang Y, Wu Z. Advance in Diagnosis of Depressive Disorder. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1180:179-191. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9271-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Mahlich J, Tsukazawa S, Wiegand F. Estimating Prevalence and Healthcare Utilization for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Japan: A Retrospective Claims Database Study. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2018; 5:35-43. [PMID: 29185233 PMCID: PMC5825389 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-017-0126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorders (MDDs) including treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are common disabling conditions, but data on their epidemiology in Japan are limited. This study investigated the incidence, epidemiology, and direct medical costs of TRD and pharmaceutically-treated depression (PTD) in Japan to increase our health economic understanding of this phenotype of MDD. METHODS A retrospective cohort study from a private health insurance claims database estimated the 1-year incidence of PTD and TRD and described the health services used and direct medical costs associated with these conditions. RESULTS In the year from 1 April 2012 through 31 March 2013, we identified 1143 incident PTD cases among 98,552 eligible subjects, i.e. 11.59 cases/1000 patient-years. Of the PTD patients, 51.4% were women. Within the 1-year observation interval 137 patients failed more than two antidepressive treatment approaches and thus developed TRD. Though co-morbid conditions and age were similar among PTD and TRD patients, medical costs per patient (patient-year) during their treatment intervals were 1.01 million JPY (0. 540 million JPY) in the TRD population and 0.643 JPY million JPY (0.645 million JPY) in the PTD population who did not convert into TRD. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the PTD and TRD patient populations in a large claims database in Japan and highlights an unmet medical need for the treatment of TRD to provide better preventative measures and interventions for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Mahlich
- Health Economics, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K, 5-2, Nishi-kanda 3-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0065, Japan.
- Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE), University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sunny Tsukazawa
- Health Economics, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K, 5-2, Nishi-kanda 3-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0065, Japan
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Seo EH, Kim SG, Kim SH, Kim JH, Park JH, Yoon HJ. Life satisfaction and happiness associated with depressive symptoms among university students: a cross-sectional study in Korea. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2018; 17:52. [PMID: 30568720 PMCID: PMC6297950 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-018-0223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study investigated the impact of life satisfaction and happiness, as well as the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms in a large sample of university students. METHODS We included 2338 students at 6 universities in 1 metropolitan city and 2 provinces of Korea. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory, and scores of 16 or higher were categorized as the presence of depression. Various sociodemographic, life satisfaction, happiness, and clinical factors (alcohol consumption and sleep quality) were measured. According to the presence of depression, sociodemographic, life satisfaction, happiness, and clinical characteristics were compared using statistical analyses. Further, a logistic regression model was constructed to examine the impact of life satisfaction, happiness, and clinical factors on depression. RESULTS Among participants, 13.4% were identified as having depression. Life satisfaction and happiness were associated with a lower risk of depression, while hazardous alcohol drinking and poor sleep quality were related to a higher risk of depression. In addition, female gender, subjective body shape as obese, and insufficient pocket money were found to be significant correlates of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated possible risk and protective factors of underlying depressive symptoms. Especially, our findings suggest that improvement in life satisfaction and happiness would be important in the prevention and management of depression. Our findings may contribute to developing specialized mental health programs for prevention, screening, and treatment of depression among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyun Seo
- 1Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gon Kim
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,3Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,3Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Yoon
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,3Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
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Ha H, Jeong D, Hahm BJ, Shim EJ. Cross-Cultural Validation of the Korean Version of the Chalder Fatigue Scale. Int J Behav Med 2017; 25:351-361. [PMID: 29181801 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-017-9701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE University students are vulnerable to fatigue. If not adequately dealt with, fatigue might develop into various health problems and negatively affect quality of life (QOL). The present study examined psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Chalder Fatigue Scale (K-CFQ) in university students. METHOD Data were obtained from two samples of undergraduate students in Korea. The first dataset (N = 557) was collected in a cross-sectional survey in 2015 and the second dataset (N = 338) from a longitudinal survey with three time points over a semester period in 2016. Participants completed measures of fatigue, QOL, depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. RESULTS Three-factor model (physical fatigue, low energy, and mental fatigue) rather than the original two-factor model (physical and mental fatigue) provided a better goodness of fit indices to the data. Internal consistency of the K-CFQ was satisfactory, with Cronbach's α value of 0.88 for the total scale and those of subscales ranging from 0.73 to 0.87. Its convergent validity was supported by its significant association with anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and QOL. Significant association between T1 K-CFQ with physical QOL at T2 and T3 supported its predictive validity. Its known-group validity was proven with higher K-CFQ scores observed in the participants with depression and those with poor sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS Current results suggest that K-CFQ is a valid and reliable measure of fatigue, and a better model fit of the three-factor structure of the K-CFQ implies potential cross-cultural differences in the dimensionality of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeju Ha
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea
| | - Donghee Jeong
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Hahm
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Jung Shim
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea.
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De Vaus J, Hornsey MJ, Kuppens P, Bastian B. Exploring the East-West Divide in Prevalence of Affective Disorder: A Case for Cultural Differences in Coping With Negative Emotion. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2017; 22:285-304. [PMID: 29034806 DOI: 10.1177/1088868317736222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lifetime rates of clinical depression and anxiety in the West tend to be approximately 4 to 10 times greater than rates in Asia. In this review, we explore one possible reason for this cross-cultural difference, that Asian cultures think differently about emotion than do Western cultures and that these different systems of thought help explain why negative affect does not escalate into clinical disorder at the same rate. We review research from multiple disciplines-including cross-cultural psychology, social cognition, clinical psychology, and psychiatry-to make the case that the Eastern holistic principles of contradiction (each experience is associated with its opposite), change (the world exists in a state of constant flux), and context (the interconnectedness of all things) fundamentally shape people's experience of emotions in different cultures. We then review evidence for how these cultural differences influence how successfully people use common emotion regulation strategies such as rumination and suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brock Bastian
- 4 University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Maneeton N, Suttajit S, Maneeton B, Likhitsathian S, Eurviyanukul K, Udomratn P, Chan ESY, Si TM, Sulaiman AH, Chen CH, Bautista D, Srisurapanont M. Clinical and socio-demographic correlates of anxious distress in Asian outpatients with major depressive disorder. Nord J Psychiatry 2017. [PMID: 28632428 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2017.1335344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxious distress in major depressive disorder (MDD) is common and associated with poor outcomes and management difficulties. AIMS This post hoc analysis aimed to examine the socio-demographic and clinical correlates of anxiety distress in Asian outpatients with MDD. METHODS Instead of two out of five specifiers defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Version-5, anxious distress defined in this study was operationalized as the presence of at least two out of four proxy items drawn from the 90-item Symptom Checklist, Revised (SCL-90-R). Other measures included the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Sheehan Disability Scale and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. RESULTS The data of 496 patients with MDD were included. Anxious distress was found in 371 participants (74.8%). The binary logistic regression analysis found that anxious distress was independently and significantly correlated with working status, higher MADRS scores, severe insomnia and functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS Three-fourths of Asian patients with MDD in tertiary care settings may have DSM-5 anxious distress of at least moderate distress. Its prevalence may vary among working groups. The specifier was associated with greater depressive symptom severity, severe insomnia and functional impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narong Maneeton
- a Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Sirijit Suttajit
- a Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Benchalak Maneeton
- a Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Surinporn Likhitsathian
- a Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Kanokkwan Eurviyanukul
- a Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Pichet Udomratn
- b Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Prince of Songkla University , Songkhla , Thailand
| | | | - Tian-Mei Si
- d National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and the Key Laboratory of Mental Health , Ministry of Health (Peking University) , Beijing , China.,e Peking University Institute of Mental Health (The Sixth Hospital) , Beijing , China
| | - Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman
- f Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- g Department of Psychiatry , Taipei Medical University Shuang-Ho Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Dianne Bautista
- c Singapore Clinical Research Institute , Singapore.,h Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore
| | - Manit Srisurapanont
- a Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
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27
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Prevalence, correlates, and impact of depressive and anxiety disorder in cancer: Findings from a multicenter study. Palliat Support Care 2017; 16:552-565. [DOI: 10.1017/s1478951517000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:Our aim was to examine the prevalence, correlates, and association of depressive and anxiety disorders with quality of life (QoL) and such other outcomes as the need for psychosocial services in cancer patients.Method:A total of 400 patients participated in a multicenter survey involving five cancer centers located throughout Korea. The Short-Form Health Survey, the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, the Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MINI-MAC), and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview were administered.Results:The prevalence rates for depressive and anxiety disorders were 16 and 17.1%, respectively. Younger age and poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and all physical symptoms, as well as helplessness/hopelessness, anxious preoccupation (AP), and cognitive avoidance (CA) on the MINI-MAC were found to be significantly related to depressive disorder (DD) in a univariate logistic regression analysis. Metastases, the symptoms of disturbed sleep, dry mouth, and numbness or tingling, as well as AP and CA were significantly correlated with anxiety disorder (AD) in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analyses, only AP was significant for AD (odds ratio = 2.94,p< 0.001), while none reached statistical significance for DD. Psychiatric comorbidity status had a detrimental effect on various dimensions of QoL. Patients with DD or AD reported a significantly higher need for professional psychosocial services.Significance of results:Given the substantial prevalence and pervasive impact of DD and AD on various aspects of QoL, its assessment and care should be integrated as a regular part of oncological care throughout the cancer continuum.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the associations between depression and incident cancer risk. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases were searched to identify studies. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Risk ratios (RRs) were used to measure effect size. A random-effects model was applied to synthesize the associations between depression and cancer risk. A forest plot was produced to visually assess RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity across studies was assessed using the I-squared statistic. A funnel plot was generated to assess potential publication bias, and Egger's regression was applied to test the symmetry of the funnel plot. RESULTS In total, 1,469,179 participants and 89,716 incident cases of cancer from 25 studies were included. Depression was significantly associated with overall cancer risk (RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.09-1.22) and with liver cancer (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01-1.43) and lung cancer (RR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04-1.72). Subgroup analysis of studies in North America resulted in a significant summary relative risk (RR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.15-1.48). No significant associations were found for breast, prostate, or colorectal/colon cancer. The average Newcastle Ottawa score was 7.56 for all included studies. CONCLUSION Our findings showed a small and positive association between depression and the overall occurrence risk of cancer, as well as liver cancer and lung cancer risks. However, multinational and larger sample studies are required to further research and support these associations. Moreover, confounding factors such as cigarette smoking and alcohol use/abuse should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Jia
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130020, China.
| | - F Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130020, China.
| | - Y F Liu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130020, China.
| | - J P Zhao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130020, China.
| | - M M Leng
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130020, China.
| | - L Chen
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130020, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Wang J, Guo WJ, Zhang L, Deng W, Wang HY, Yu JY, Luo SX, Huang MJ, Dong ZQ, Li DJ, Song JP, Jiang Y, Cheng NS, Liu XH, Li T. The development and validation of Huaxi emotional-distress index (HEI): A Chinese questionnaire for screening depression and anxiety in non-psychiatric clinical settings. Compr Psychiatry 2017; 76:87-97. [PMID: 28445837 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety among general hospital patients are common and under-recognized in China. This study aimed toward developing a short questionnaire for screening depression and anxiety in non-psychiatric clinical settings, and to test its reliability and validity. METHODS The item pool which included 35 questions about emotional distress was drafted through a comprehensive literature review. An expert panel review and the first clinical test with 288 general hospital patients were conducted for the primary item selection. The second clinical test was performed to select the final item in 637 non-psychiatric patients. The reliability and validity of the final questionnaire were tested in 763 non-psychiatric patients, in which 211 subjects were interviewed by psychiatrists using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Multiple data analysis methods including principal components analysis (PCA), item response theory (IRT), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to select items and validate the final questionnaire. RESULTS The series selection of items resulted in a 9-item questionnaire, namely Huaxi Emotional-distress Index (HEI). The Cronbach's α coefficient of HEI was 0.90. The PCA results showed a unidimensional construct. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.88 when compared with MINI interview. Using the optimal cut-off score of HEI (≥11), the sensitivity and specificity were 0.880 and 0.766, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The HEI is considered as a reliable and valid instrument for screening depression and anxiety, which may have substantial clinical value to detect patients' emotional disturbances especially in the busy non-psychiatric clinical settings in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Psychological Healthcare, Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wan-Jun Guo
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui-Yao Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Ying Yu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan-Xia Luo
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Jin Huang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zai-Quan Dong
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Da-Jiang Li
- Department of Medical Administration, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Ping Song
- Nursing Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan-Sheng Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xie-He Liu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Factors Associated with Perceived Depression of Korean Adults: Secondary Data from the Korean Community Health Survey. Community Ment Health J 2017; 53:288-296. [PMID: 27315057 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-016-0035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to identify factors related with Korean adults' depression in a community population using secondary data from the Korean Community Health Survey. The results showed factors associated with the Korean adults' perceived depression were subjective health, alcohol drinking, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hours of sleep, activity impairments, and stress. Result of this study proposes that community mental health services are required to the population who has problems of activity impairment due to acute or chronic health status, which suggests having mental health problems such as alcohol drinking, smoking, depression, or stress.
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Correlation between hormone receptor status and depressive symptoms in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50774-50781. [PMID: 28881602 PMCID: PMC5584203 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in depressive symptoms correlate with morbidity and outcomes in breast cancer patients. We evaluated the effect of hormone receptor (HR) status on depressive symptoms in 176 women with metastatic breast cancer at diagnosis. To assess depression, the women completed Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) questionnaires at baseline examination (T1), after 4 chemotherapy cycles (T2) and after 6 months (T3). At baseline examination, 45/176 (25.6%) patients were found to be at high or medium risk for depression (SDS score ≥0.6). Among these, depression was both prevalent in HR-positive patients and in HR-negative patients (64.4% versus 51.4%, P = 0.001). In multivariate model, HR positivity and higher depression risk were associated with poorer overall survival (25.0 months versus 32.0 months, P < 0.05). Patients at high/medium risk of depression were treated with the antidepressant agent fluoxetine (N = 23) or no drug (N = 22). SDS scores in patients treated with fluoxetine were lower after 4 chemotherapy cycles and after 6 months than in the control group (mean scores: T2, 0.61 versus 0.67, P = 0.001; T3, 0.56 versus 0.65, P < 0.001). No difference on SDS scores was found between patients with positive or negative HR status during fluoxetine treatment. These findings suggest hormone receptor status is associated with depressive symptoms in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Fluoxetine relieves depressive symptoms in these patients, regardless of hormone receptor status.
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Sagar R, Pattanayak RD, Chandrasekaran R, Chaudhury PK, Deswal BS, Lenin Singh RK, Malhotra S, Nizamie SH, Panchal BN, Sudhakar TP, Trivedi JK, Varghese M, Prasad J, Chatterji S. Twelve-month prevalence and treatment gap for common mental disorders: Findings from a large-scale epidemiological survey in India. Indian J Psychiatry 2017; 59:46-55. [PMID: 28529360 PMCID: PMC5419012 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_333_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common mental disorders, such as mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, are significant contributors to disability globally, including India. Available research is, however, limited by methodological issues and heterogeneities. AIM The present paper focuses on the 12-month prevalence and 12-month treatment for anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS As part of the World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative, in India, the study was conducted at eleven sites. However, the current study focuses on the household sample of 24,371 adults (≥18 years) of eight districts of different states, covering rural and urban areas. Respondents were interviewed face-to-face using the WMH Composite International Diagnostic Interview after translation and country-specific adaptations. Diagnoses were generated as per the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, Diagnostic Criteria for Research. RESULTS Nearly 49.3% of the sample included males. The 12-month prevalence of common mental disorders was 5.52% - anxiety disorders (3.41%), mood disorders (1.44%), and substance use disorders (1.18%). Females had a relatively higher prevalence of anxiety and mood disorders, and lower prevalence of substance use disorders than males. The 12-month treatment for people with common mental disorders was 5.09% (range 1.66%-11.55% for individual disorders). The survey revealed a huge treatment gap of 95%, with only 5 out of 100 individuals with common mental disorders receiving any treatment over the past year. CONCLUSION The survey provides valuable data to understand the mental health needs and treatment gaps in the Indian population. Despite the 12-month prevalence study being restricted to selected mental disorders, these estimates are likely to be conservative due to under-reporting or inadequate detection due to cultural factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - R Chandrasekaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawarharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Pranit K Chaudhury
- Department of Psychiatry, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Balbir S Deswal
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - S Haque Nizamie
- Department of Psychiatry, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Bharat N Panchal
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College and Sir T Hospital, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - T P Sudhakar
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - J K Trivedi
- Deceased, Department of Psychiatry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mathew Varghese
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Benguluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jagdish Prasad
- Director General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Somnath Chatterji
- Department of Information, Evidence and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Liddell BJ, Nickerson A, Sartor L, Ivancic L, Bryant RA. The generational gap: Mental disorder prevalence and disability amongst first and second generation immigrants in Australia. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 83:103-111. [PMID: 27585424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite unprecedented numbers of migrants internationally, little is known about the mental health needs of immigrant groups residing in common countries of resettlement. The majority of studies support the 'healthy migrant hypothesis', but few studies have examined: 1) shifts in prevalence patterns across generations; 2) how prevalence relates to disability in immigrant groups. Our study examined the prevalence of common mental disorders and disability in first and second generation migrants to Australia. Twelve-month and lifetime prevalence rates of affective, anxiety, and substance use disorders were obtained from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (N = 8841). First generation immigrants (born overseas) and second generation immigrants (both parents overseas) from non-English and English speaking backgrounds were compared to an Australian-born cohort. Disability was indexed by days out of role and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS12). First generation immigrants with non-English speaking (1G-NE) backgrounds evidenced reduced prevalence of common mental disorders relative to the Australian-born population (adjusted odds ratio 0.5 [95% CI 0.38-0.66]). This lower prevalence was not observed in second generation immigrant cohorts. While overall levels of disability were equal between all groups (p > 0.05), mental health-related disability was elevated in the 1G-NE group relative to the Australian-born group (p = 0.012). The findings challenge the overarching notion of the "healthy migrant" and suggest a dissociation between reduced prevalence and elevated mental health-related disability amongst first generation immigrants with non-English speaking backgrounds. These findings highlight the heterogeneous psychiatric needs of first and second generation immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lauren Sartor
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Australia
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A meta-analysis of the efficacy of vortioxetine in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and high levels of anxiety symptoms. J Affect Disord 2016; 206:140-150. [PMID: 27474960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coexisting anxiety is common in major depressive disorder (MDD) and more difficult to treat than depression without anxiety. This analysis assessed the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of vortioxetine in MDD patients with high levels of anxiety (baseline Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [HAM-A] total score ≥20). METHODS Efficacy was assessed using an aggregated, study-level meta-analysis of 10 randomized, placebo-controlled, 6/8-week trials of vortioxetine 5-20mg/day in adults (18-75 years), with a study in elderly patients (≥65 years) analyzed separately. Outcome measures included mean differences from placebo in change from baseline to endpoint (Δ) in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), HAM-A total, and HAM-A subscales. Safety and tolerability were assessed by treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). RESULTS A total of 1497 (48.6%) vortioxetine-treated and 860 (49.1%) placebo-treated patients had baseline HAM-A≥20. There were significant differences from placebo in MADRS (vortioxetine 5mg/day, n=415, Δ-2.68, P=0.005; 10mg/day, n=373, Δ-3.59, P<0.001; 20mg/day, n=207, Δ-4.30, P=0.005) and HAM-A total (5mg/day, n=419, Δ-1.64, P=0.022; 10mg/day, n=373, Δ-2.04, P=0.003; 20mg/day, n=207, Δ-2.19, P=0.027). There were significantly greater improvements versus placebo on the HAM-A psychic subscale for all doses. The most common TEAEs (≥5.0%) were nausea, headache, dizziness, dry mouth, diarrhea, nasopharyngitis, constipation, and vomiting. Incidence of serious TEAEs was 1.3% (placebo) and ≤1.3% (vortioxetine, across doses). LIMITATIONS Study heterogeneity limits this analysis. Patients with baseline HAM-A≥20 were not directly compared to baseline HAM-A<20 or total MDD population. CONCLUSIONS Vortioxetine was efficacious in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with MDD and high levels of anxiety.
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Wickramasinghe ND, Wijesinghe PR, Dharmaratne SD, Agampodi SB. The prevalence and associated factors of depression in policing: a cross sectional study in Sri Lanka. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1776. [PMID: 27795918 PMCID: PMC5061667 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Policing is regarded as a high-risk profession for the development of mental health disturbances owing to various critical incidents and potential traumatic events they encounter. Exploration of mental health problems in policing in Sri Lanka, which recently concluded a civil war expanded over three decades, is a timely, yet, a neglected issue. Hence, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence and associated factors of depression among police officers in the Kandy police division, Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted using a simple random sample of 750 police officers employed in the Kandy police division, Sri Lanka. A self administered questionnaire, including "Peradeniya Depression Scale" to assess depression, was used to collect data. The prevalence of depression was calculated as point prevalence with 95 % confidence intervals. Multivariable logistic regression was carried out using backward elimination method to quantify the association between depression and selected predictors identified at bivariate analysis at p < 0.10. RESULTS A total of 750 Police officers were invited for the study. The response rate was 94.5 % (n = 709). The mean age of the police officers in the sample was 39.6 years (SD 9.2 years). Majority of police officers (n = 591, 83.4 %) were males. The estimated prevalence of depression in the study sample was 22.8 % (95 % CI 19.9-26.1 %). However, the adjusted prevalence of depression was 10.6 % (95 % CI 6.6-15.1 %). In the multivariable analysis, of the postulated occupational factors, satisfactory welfare facilities at work place was negatively associated with depression (adjusted OR 0.5; 95 % CI 0.3-0.7; p = 0.001). Satisfaction of the opportunity to serve the public (adjusted OR 0.2; 95 % CI 0.1-0.6; p = 0.003) and satisfaction related to social status gained in policing (adjusted OR 0.5; 95 % CI 0.3-0.8; p = 0.04) were identified as significant occupational factors that lowered the likelihood of being categorized as having depression. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of depression among police officers was found to be higher in comparison to other study findings in Sri Lanka. Given the modifiable nature of the significant predictors, it is recommended to design a package of interventions and implement adaptive measures to rectify the problems related to depression among police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuwan D Wickramasinghe
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Pushpa R Wijesinghe
- Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health, No. 231, De Saram Place, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka
| | - Samath D Dharmaratne
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Suneth B Agampodi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
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Kim JH, Chang SM, Hong JP, Bae JN, Cho SJ, Hahm BJ, Lee DW, Park JI, Lee JY, Jeon HJ, Kim BS, Cho MJ. Lifetime prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, and diagnostic overlaps of bipolar spectrum disorder in the general population of South Korea. J Affect Disord 2016; 203:248-255. [PMID: 27314811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with subthreshold bipolar disorder (Sub-BP) experience severe clinical courses and functional impairments which are comparable to those with bipolar I and II disorders (BP-I and -II). Nevertheless, lifetime prevalence, socioeconomic correlates and diagnostic overlaps of bipolar spectrum disorder (BPS) have not yet been estimated in the general population of South Korean adults. METHODS A total of 3013 adults among the 2011 Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey (KECA-2011) completed face-to-face interviews using the Korean versions of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1 and Mood Disorder Questionnaire (K-CIDI and K-MDQ). RESULTS The lifetime prevalence of BPS in the South Korean adults was measured to be 4.3% (95% CI 2.6-6.9). Nearly 80% of the subjects with BPS were co-diagnosed with other DSM-IV non-psychotic mental disorders: 35.4% (95% CI 24.2-48.5) for major depression and dysthymic disorder, 35.1% (95% CI 27.7-43.3) for anxiety disorders, and 51.9% (95% CI 40.5-63.1) for alcohol and nicotine use disorders. Younger age (18-34 years) was the only sociodemographic predictor of BPS positivity (P=0.014), and the diagnostic overlap patterns were different between men and women. LIMITATIONS The prevalence of BPS and other mental disorders could have been influenced by recall bias due to the retrospective nature of this study. CONCLUSIONS Positivity for BPS was estimated to be much greater than the prevalence of DSM-IV BP in South Korea. Most of the respondents with BPS were diagnosed with other major mental disorders and this might be related with mis- and/or under-diagnosis of clinically relevant Sub-BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sung Man Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Nam Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon Medical School, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Hahm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Park
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Maeng Je Cho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de depresión, detectar el riesgo suicida e identificar los factores sociodemográficos y personales asociados a este trastorno. La muestra no aleatorizada estuvo conformada por 1525 hombres colombianos con edades entre 18 y 83 años procedentes de 22 departamentos y de distintos niveles educativos. Para evaluar la depresión se usó el Cuestionario de Depresión para Hombres (Álvarez y Londoño, 2012); para evaluar la comorbilidad con ansiedad se usó la Escala de Ansiedad HADS (Zigmond y Snaith, 1983) y el IMAFE (Lara, 1991); y para recolectar información acerca de los factores personales y sociodemográficos se usó una ficha de registro. Se analizaron los datos para calcular la prevalencia de corte, el riesgo suicida, la comorbilidad a través del uso del paquete estadístico SPSS. Se concluye que la prevalencia real reportada y el riesgo suicida en la población estudiada son más altos que los detectados usando un instrumento no sensible al género.
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Kim JH, Chang SM, Bae JN, Cho SJ, Lee JY, Kim BS, Cho MJ. Mental-Physical Comorbidity in Korean Adults: Results from a Nationwide General Population Survey in Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2016; 13:496-503. [PMID: 27757127 PMCID: PMC5067343 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2016.13.5.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of mental-physical comorbidity and health-threatening risk factors in subjects with mental disorders, and the risks of mental disorders in those with physical diseases for the last 12 months in the general Korean population. METHODS Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area study replication (KECA-R) was conducted for 6,510 adults between August 2006 and April 2007. The Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1 (K-CIDI) was used in the survey. Prevalence of mental and physical disorders, and risk factors for physical health were calculated, and their associations were evaluated with adjustment for age and sex. RESULTS Subjects with any mental disorder showed significantly higher prevalence of chronic physical conditions (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=1.5 to 2.8, p<0.001) and medical risk factors including smoking, heavy drinking, overweight, and hypertension (AOR=1.5 to 4.0, p<0.001). Of those with chronic physical conditions, 21.6% had one or more comorbid mental disorder compared with 10.5% of the subjects without chronic physical disorders (AOR=2.6, p<0.001). Contrary to expectations, depressive disorders did not show significant association with hypertension and prevalence of obesity was not influenced by presence of mental disorders. Further studies should assess these findings. CONCLUSION This is the first identification of significant mental-physical comorbidity in the general Korean population. Clinicians and health care officials should keep in mind of its potential adverse effects on treatment outcome and aggravated disease-related socioeconomic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Man Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Nam Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Maeng Je Cho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Thase ME, Mahableshwarkar AR, Dragheim M, Loft H, Vieta E. A meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials of vortioxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder in adults. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:979-93. [PMID: 27139079 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of vortioxetine, an antidepressant approved for the treatment of adults with major depressive disorder (MDD), was studied in 11 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of 6/8 weeks׳ treatment duration. An aggregated study-level meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the magnitude and dose-relationship of the clinical effect of approved doses of vortioxetine (5-20mg/day). The primary outcome measure was change from baseline to endpoint in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score. Differences from placebo were analyzed using mixed model for repeated measurements (MMRM) analysis, with a sensitivity analysis also conducted using last observation carried forward. Secondary outcomes included MADRS single-item scores, response rate (≥50% reduction in baseline MADRS), remission rate (MADRS ≤10), and Clinical Global Impressions scores. Across the 11 studies, 1824 patients were treated with placebo and 3304 with vortioxetine (5mg/day: n=1001; 10mg/day: n=1042; 15mg/day: n=449; 20mg/day: n=812). The MMRM meta-analysis demonstrated that vortioxetine 5, 10, and 20mg/day were associated with significant reductions in MADRS total score (Δ-2.27, Δ-3.57, and Δ-4.57, respectively; p<0.01) versus placebo. The effects of 15mg/day (Δ-2.60; p=0.105) were not significantly different from placebo. Vortioxetine 10 and 20mg/day were associated with significant reductions in 9 of 10 MADRS single-item scores. Vortioxetine treatment was also associated with significantly higher rates of response and remission and with significant improvements in other depression-related scores versus placebo. This meta-analysis of vortioxetine (5-20mg/day) in adults with MDD supports the efficacy demonstrated in the individual studies, with treatment effect increasing with dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Thase
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Eduard Vieta
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Park SC, Sakong J, Koo BH, Kim JM, Jun TY, Lee MS, Kim JB, Yim HW, Park YC. Clinical Significance of the Number of Depressive Symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder: Results from the CRESCEND Study. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:617-22. [PMID: 27051248 PMCID: PMC4810347 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.4.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to establish the relationship between the number of depressive symptoms and the clinical characteristics of major depressive disorder (MDD). This would enable us to predict the clinical significance of the number of depressive symptoms in MDD patients. Using data from the Clinical Research Center for Depression (CRESCEND) study in Korea, 853 patients with DSM-IV MDD were recruited. The baseline and clinical characteristics of groups with different numbers of depressive symptoms were compared using the χ(2) test for discrete variables and covariance (ANCOVA) for continuous variables. In addition, the scores of these groups on the measurement tools were compared by ANCOVA after adjusting the potential effects of confounding variables. After adjusting the effects of monthly income and history of depression, a larger number of depressive symptoms indicated higher overall severity of depression (F [4, 756] = 21.458, P < 0.001) and higher levels of depressive symptoms (F [4, 767] = 19.145, P < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (F [4, 765] = 12.890, P < 0.001) and suicidal ideation (F [4, 653] = 6.970, P < 0.001). It also indicated lower levels of social function (F [4, 760] = 13.343, P < 0.001), and quality of life (F [4, 656] = 11.975, P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in alcohol consumption (F [4, 656] = 11.975, P < 0.001). The number of depressive symptoms can be used as an index of greater illness burden in clinical psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Cheol Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jeongkyu Sakong
- Department of Psychiatry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Bon Hoon Koo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeungnam University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Tae-Youn Jun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Bum Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Woo Yim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Chon Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
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Liu H, He Y, Wang J, Miao J, Zheng H, Zeng Q. Epidemiology of depression at Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Shanghai, China. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 65:1-8. [PMID: 26773984 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though Chinese Traditional Medicine (TCM) is one of the most important parts of health care system in China, studies on the epidemiology of depression in TCM are scarce and mental health issues in TCM have been neglected for longtime. METHODS This was an interview-based survey. The prevalence of depression and suicidal risk in outpatients at a TCM hospital was identified by a one-stage diagnosing process using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Associated risk factors, role impairment, and service utility were also assessed. RESULTS A total of 2000 outpatients aged from 18 to 65years completed the survey with a response rate of 87.0%. The estimated prevalence of major depressive disorder was 13.2% for lifetime and 4.9% for current. No significant gender differences were found. Depression was more common in patients who lacked social support, experienced family economic burden and health burden, and underwent negative life events, poor self-rated health, or with moderate/severe sleep problem than in their correspondents; all with statistical significance (OR: 1.83-6.82). Patients with depression reported a mean of 82.7days and 99.3days of sick leave due to their physical and mental condition, respectively, which was much longer than those without depression (24.8days and 25.8days, respectively). Only 30.0% of patients with depression sought professional help from psychiatrists/psychologists or used antidepressants. LIMITATIONS The recall bias could not be ruled out in this study and could have led to an underestimation of true prevalence and the unmet need for treatment. Since this study was cross-sectional, the causal relationships between sociodemographic factors and depression cannot be determined. CONCLUSIONS Depression is common at TCM hospitals. The impairments due to depression are striking, and unmet needs for treatment are pervasive. Consequently, mental health services in TCM should not be neglected any longer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Center of Disease Prevention and Control for Mental Disorders, Jing'an District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - YanLing He
- Center of Disease Prevention and Control for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - JingYi Wang
- Center of Disease Prevention and Control for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - JuMing Miao
- Center of Disease Prevention and Control for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong Zheng
- Center of Disease Prevention and Control for Mental Disorders, Changning District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - QingZhi Zeng
- Center of Disease Prevention and Control for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Byeon CH, Kang KY, Kang SH, Kim HK, Bae EJ. Sarcopenia Is Not Associated with Depression in Korean Adults: Results from the 2010-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Fam Med 2016; 37:37-43. [PMID: 26885321 PMCID: PMC4754285 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is associated with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and mortality; however, its association with depression in the general population remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated this association in Korea. METHODS This study included 8,958 and 8,518 subjects from the 2010-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-1, 2. The study was restricted to participants ≥20 years of age who had completed the survey, including whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. After exclusion, 7,364 subjects were included in our final analysis. Age was categorized into three groups (20-39, 40-59, and ≥60 years), and subjects were categorized according to their sarcopenic and obesity status. Depression was categorized into three groups (not depressed, depressed, and depression). RESULTS The sarcopenia group did not have a higher prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms compared to the nonsarcopenia group; the same was true even when obesity was considered. All age groups showed non-significant associations between sarcopenia and depression. In multivariate logistic regression models, no significant associations were observed between sarcopenia and prevalence of depression or depressed symptoms in men and women. CONCLUSION We found no associations between sarcopenia and the prevalence of depression or depressed symptoms in Korean adults. Future large prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to further assess this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae-Hwa Byeon
- Department of Family Medicine, Daedong Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kee-Young Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Daedong Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Se-Hun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Daedong Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Han-Kyul Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Bae
- Department of Family Medicine, Daedong Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Awad GH, Patall EA, Rackley KR, Reilly ED. Recommendations for Culturally Sensitive Research Methods. JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSULTATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10474412.2015.1046600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Sagayadevan V, Lee SP, Abdin E, Vaingankar J, Chen H, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Retrospective observation of mental disorders during postpartum period: Results from the Singapore mental health study. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2015; 15:119. [PMID: 26674202 PMCID: PMC4682228 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-015-0279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The perinatal period has been identified as a period of vulnerability for various disorders (particularly anxiety and depressive disorders), which have been associated with negative outcomes for both mother and infant. The current study utilized data from the Singapore Mental Health Study (SMHS) to examine the temporal relationship between mental disorders and the perinatal period, as well as associated risk factors. Methods Life table estimation method was used to derive the estimated hazard rate for any mood or anxiety disorders following pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between socio-demographic factors and onset of mental disorders after the first pregnancy. Results Among women with children (n = 2278), 1.5 % were found to have an onset of any mental disorder (i.e., mood disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders), within 2 years after pregnancy. A peak in hazard rate was noted at approximately 1 year following pregnancy for anxiety disorders but not mood disorders. Women who were married, employed and physically healthy were less likely to have had developed any mental disorder. Conclusions The prevalence of mental disorders during pregnancy and postpartum was found to be low among women with children in our community sample, with increased vulnerability following delivery. The results offer some insight into the occurrence of mental disorders during the perinatal period among women in Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vathsala Sagayadevan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
| | - Siau Pheng Lee
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
| | - Janhavi Vaingankar
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Psychological Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore. .,Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
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Kim JH, Cho MJ, Hong JP, Bae JN, Cho SJ, Hahm BJ, Lee DW, Park JI, Lee JY, Jeon HJ, Chang SM. Gender Differences in Depressive Symptom Profile: Results from Nationwide General Population Surveys in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:1659-66. [PMID: 26539012 PMCID: PMC4630484 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.11.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated gender differences in symptom profiles of major depressive disorder (MDD) in the Korean general population. Data were pooled from the series of nationwide Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area surveys conducted in 2001, 2006 and 2011, respectively. Of the 18,807 participants, 507 (397 women and 110 men) were diagnosed with MDD within the prior 12 months. In agreement with previous studies, women with MDD appeared to be more vulnerable to experiencing atypical depressive episodes defined as depression with two or more symptoms of fatigue, increased appetite and hypersomnia (P < 0.001). In terms of individual symptoms, female gender was significantly related with higher prevalence of fatigue (P = 0.008), hypersomnia (P = 0.001), noticeable psychomotor retardation (P = 0.029) and suicidal attempts (P = 0.016) with adjustment for birth cohort effect, partner status, and employment status. In the same analysis, men with MDD appeared more vulnerable to decreased libido than women (P = 0.009). This is the first report to demonstrate gender differences in symptomatology of MDD in the general Korean population, and the results are comparable to previous investigations from western societies. Assumingly, the intercultural similarity in female preponderance to atypical depression might reflect the common biological construct underlying the gender difference in mechanism of MDD. In clinical settings, gender differences of MDD should be carefully considered, because these features could be related with treatment response and drug side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Maeng Je Cho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Nam Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon Medical School, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Hahm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Park
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Man Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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46
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Chee KY, Tripathi A, Avasthi A, Chong MY, Xiang YT, Sim K, Si TM, Kanba S, He YL, Lee MS, Fung-Kum Chiu H, Yang SY, Kuga H, Udormatn P, Kallivayalil RA, Tanra AJ, Maramis M, Grover S, Chin LF, Dahlan R, Mohamad Isa MF, Ebenezer EGM, Nordin N, Shen WW, Shinfuku N, Tan CH, Sartorius N. Country variations in depressive symptoms profile in Asian countries: Findings of the Research on Asia Psychotropic Prescription (REAP) studies. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2015; 7:276-85. [PMID: 25641910 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was to assess differences in the symptom profile of depressive illness across various countries/territories in Asia. The study was a part of the Research on Asia Psychotropic Prescription project. The participating countries/territories include China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand. METHODS The pattern of depressive symptoms in 1,400 subjects with depressive disorder from 42 psychiatric centers in 10 Asian countries/territories was assessed. We collected information on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics with a standardized protocol and data collection procedure. RESULTS The most common presentations of depressive symptoms were persistent sadness, loss of interest, and insomnia. Similar findings were found regardless of the region, country, or its income level. Patients with depressive disorder from high-income countries presented significantly more with vegetative symptom cluster (P < 0.05), while those from the upper middle-income countries had significantly more with both mood (P < 0.001) and cognitive symptom clusters (P < 0.01). In lower middle-income countries, patients with depressive symptoms had significantly less mood symptom cluster (P < 0.001) but significantly more cognitive symptom cluster (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION This study demonstrates that in Asia, despite variations in the initial symptom reported by the patients, across different countries/territories, core depressive symptoms remain the same. Variations have been found in presentation of depressive symptoms with regards to the level of income of countries. Physical or vegetative symptoms were reported more by centers in higher income countries, while depressive cognition and suicidal thoughts/acts were more frequently reported from lower income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Yoon Chee
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adarsh Tripathi
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, India
| | - Ajit Avasthi
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mian-Yoon Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Kang Sim
- Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, Singapore
| | - Tian-Mei Si
- Department of Psychiatry, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yan-Ling He
- Department of Psychiatric Epidemiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Shu-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hironori Kuga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Pichet Udormatn
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | | | - Andi J Tanra
- Department of Psychiatry, Hasanuddin University Faculty of Medicine, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
| | - Margarita Maramis
- Dr. Soetomo Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Loi-Fei Chin
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rahima Dahlan
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Kajang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Winston W Shen
- Departments of Psychiatry, TMU-Wan Fang Medical Center and School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | | | - Chay-Hoon Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Norman Sartorius
- Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes, Geneva, Switzerland
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Kim YS, Do H, Lee JW, Jeong J, Shin YW, Yi K, Kim J, Lee SB, Sohn G, Yang N, Oh Y, Kim L, Kim Y, Yu JH, Ko BS, Kim HJ, Son BH, Ahn SH. Patient reporting pain intensity immediately after surgery can be associated with underlying depression in women with breast cancer. Psychooncology 2015; 25:308-15. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.3919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Seok Kim
- Department of Surgery; Chosun University College of Medicine; Gwangju Korea
| | - Hyuigyung Do
- Department of Nursing; Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Jaesim Jeong
- Department of Nursing; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Ulsan Korea
| | - Yong Wook Shin
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Kikyoung Yi
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Jisun Kim
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Sae Byul Lee
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Guiyun Sohn
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Nuri Yang
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Youngkyung Oh
- Department of Nursing; Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Leeyoung Kim
- Department of Nursing; Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Yeonhee Kim
- Department of Nursing; Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Jong Han Yu
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Beom Seok Ko
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kim
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul Korea
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48
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Park JH, Lee SB, Lee JJ, Yoon JC, Han JW, Kim TH, Jeong HG, Newhouse PA, Taylor WD, Kim JH, Woo JI, Kim KW. Epidemiology of MRI-defined vascular depression: A longitudinal, community-based study in Korean elders. J Affect Disord 2015; 180:200-6. [PMID: 25913805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no cross-sectional or longitudinal epidemiological studies present on MRI-defined vascular depression in community populations. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence rates of both vascular and non-vascular late life depression (LLD) at baseline, to examine the natural course of LLD, and to investigate the influence of White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on depression after three years. METHOD The baseline study employed a two-stage design, Phase I population survey (n=783) and Phase II diagnostic evaluation (n=122). In the 3-year follow-up study, baseline participants completing the second phase were reassessed with the same methodology. WMHs severity was rated visually by the modified Fazekas scale and WMHs volume was calculated using an automated method. RESULTS The prevalence rates of vascular major depressive disorder (MDD) and vascular non-major depressive disorder (nMDD) were 2.39% (56.2% of MDD) and 4.24% (34.0% of nMDD). Subjects with a score of 2 or more on the modified Fazekas scale in either deep white matter hyperintensities or subcortical gray matter ratings had an 8.1 times greater risk of developing a depressive disorder in the 3-year follow-up study. Greater Log WMHs volume (odds ratio=5.78, 95% CI, 1.04-31.72) at baseline was an independent predictor for depressive disorder in the 3-year assessment. LIMITATIONS Response rate and follow-up rate were relatively low. CONCLUSIONS Vascular depression is common and makes up about a half of MDD in elders. Greater WMHs severity is a crucial factor predicting future depression risk, which supports the previous vascular depression hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Hyuk Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jejudo, Korea
| | - Seok Bum Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University College of Medicine, Dankook University Hospital (Chungcheongnamdo), Korea
| | - Jung Jae Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University College of Medicine, Dankook University Hospital (Chungcheongnamdo), Korea
| | - Jong Chul Yoon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyunggi Provincial Hospital for the Elderly, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Tae Hui Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ghang Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Paul A Newhouse
- The Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Warren D Taylor
- The Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jae Hyoung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong Inn Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
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49
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Kendler KS, Aggen SH, Li Y, Lewis CM, Breen G, Boomsma DI, Bot M, Penninx BWJH, Flint J. The similarity of the structure of DSM-IV criteria for major depression in depressed women from China, the United States and Europe. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1945-1954. [PMID: 25781917 PMCID: PMC4446696 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714003067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Do DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for major depression (MD) in Chinese and Western women perform in a similar manner? METHOD The CONVERGE study included interview-based assessments of women of Han Chinese descent with treated recurrent MD. Using Mplus software, we investigated the overall degree of between-sample measurement invariance (MI) for DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for MD in the CONVERGE sample and samples selected from four major Western studies from the USA and Europe matched to the inclusion criteria of CONVERGE. These analyses were performed one pair at a time. We then compared the results from CONVERGE paired with Western samples to those obtained when examining levels of MI between pairs of the Western samples. RESULTS Assuming a single factor model for the nine diagnostic criteria for MD, the level of MI based on global fit indexes observed between the CONVERGE and the four Western samples was very similar to that seen between the Western samples. Comparable results were obtained when using a two-factor structure for MI testing when applied to the 14 diagnostic criteria for MD disaggregated for weight, appetite, sleep, and psychomotor changes. CONCLUSIONS Despite differences in language, ethnicity and culture, DSM criteria for MD perform similarly in Chinese women with recurrent MD and comparable subjects from the USA and Europe. The DSM criteria for MD may assess depressive symptoms that are relatively insensitive to cultural and ethnic differences. These results support efforts to compare findings from depressed patients in China and Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S. H. Aggen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Y. Li
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - C. M. Lewis
- MRC SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G. Breen
- MRC SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Maudsley and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D. I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology and EMGO Institute of Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. Bot
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute of Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B. W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute of Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. Flint
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
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50
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Park JE, Lee JY, Kim BS, Kim KW, Chae SH, Cho MJ. Above-moderate physical activity reduces both incident and persistent late-life depression in rural Koreans. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2015; 30:766-75. [PMID: 25503946 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the natural course of depressive symptoms among community-dwelling elderly over 5 years. Rates and correlates of the incidence and the persistence of late-life depression were examined. METHODS A total of 701 elderly people 65 years of age or older without dementia at baseline were included in this study. The association between categorically defined late-life depression (score of ≥ 8 on the Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form) and possible lifestyle and clinical risk factors, including physical activity assessed with a modified Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and transformed into weekly Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) values, was longitudinally investigated using multiple logistic regression analyses. Adjustment was done with sociodemographic variables, chronic medical illnesses, and cognitive dysfunction. RESULTS During the 5-year follow-up, 74 (26.5%) of the non-depressed elderly developed depression, whereas 30 (49.2%) of the depressed elderly experienced persistent depression. Above-moderate baseline physical activity was independently associated with decreased incidence and persistence rates of late-life depression (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.22-0.85; AOR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.03-0.92, respectively), whereas mild physical activity was not. Conversely, poorer executive function also predicted 5-year incident depression (AOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.89-0.98) but not persistent depression. CONCLUSION This study suggests that a minimum of moderate physical activity is related to both emergent and persistent depression in elderly individuals. Research with an extended follow-up period and a shorter inter-assessment interval is needed to confirm this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Eun Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Song Hwa Chae
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Maeng Je Cho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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