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Ji Y, Xiang X. The Reciprocal Relationship of Physical Capacity and Mental Health: A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model Analysis. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2023; 66:924-941. [PMID: 37006136 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2023.2197017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the mutual influence of mental health and physical capacity in older adults, considering potential gender differences. Data from 7,504 Medicare beneficiaries aged 65+ from the NHATS 2011-2015 surveys were analyzed using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model in Mplus. Results revealed moderate within-person effects of physical capacity on mental health (βt12 = -.19, βt23 = -.32, βt34 = -.42, βt45 = -.40), while the reverse relationship showed smaller effects (βt12 = -.02, βt23 = -.03, βt34 = -.03, βt45 = -.02). Gender differences emerged, with the influence of mental health on physical capacity being significant in men but not women. Additionally, correlations between changes in physical capacity and mental health were stronger for men. Lastly, lagged effects of physical capacity on mental health were notably stronger than the reverse. The findings suggest that enhancing physical capacity may alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in older adults, particularly men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ji
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- School of Management, Nanjing Audit University Jinshen College, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoling Xiang
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Anjum A, Ahammed T, Hasan MM, Chowdhury MAB, Uddin MJ. Mother's functional difficulty is affecting the child functioning: Findings from a nationally representative MICS 2019 cross-sectional survey in Bangladesh. Health Sci Rep 2022; 6:e1023. [PMID: 36582634 PMCID: PMC9793826 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Functional difficulties in children can be transmitted from mother to child, which is a major concern. We sought to determine whether there was a correlation between a mother's functional difficulty and functional difficulty in kids between the ages of 2-4 and 5-17. We also want to evaluate other fundamental aspects that influence on child's functionality. Methods We used Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) data sets. For two different age groups, the children's difficulty status was evaluated. The sociodemographic factors served as explanatory variables in this study. We used χ 2 tests and survey logistic regression models to analyze the data. Results Functional difficulties were less common in children aged 2-4 years (2.78%) but 8.27% in those aged 5-17 years. The study specifies that the mother's functional difficulty (odds ratio [OR]: 2.66, confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-5.24 for children aged 2-4 years and OR: 3.36, CI: 2.80-4.03 for children aged 5-17 years) were significantly associated with the functional difficulty of both age groups' children. Not attending early childhood education programs (OR: 1.89, CI: 1.16-3.10 for children aged 2-4 years and OR: 2.66, CI: 2.19-3.22 for children aged 5-17 years) and divisions were also significantly affecting the functional difficulty of both age groups' children. Moreover, area of residence and gender were significant factors for the older age group. Conclusions The prevalence of difficulty among children in Bangladesh is high. Children's functional difficulty, regardless of age, is greatly influenced by the functional difficulty of their mothers, their absence from early childhood education programs, and divisions. Reducing the prevalence of child functioning difficulties will be more successful if the government and NGOs consider these factors while developing appropriate intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniqua Anjum
- Department of StatisticsShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Tanvir Ahammed
- Department of StatisticsShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Md Mahedi Hasan
- Faculty of Business StudiesBangladesh University of Professionals (BUP)DhakaBangladesh,Department of Mathematics and StatisticsWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury
- Department of StatisticsShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh,Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Md. Jamal Uddin
- Department of StatisticsShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh,Department of General Educational Development (GED)Daffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh
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Awan S, Hashmi AN, Taj R, Munir S, Habib R, Batool S, Azam M, Qamar R, Nurulain SM. Genetic Association of Butyrylcholinesterase with Major Depressive Disorder. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:720-737. [PMID: 34414522 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized as clinical depression, which primarily affects the mood and behaviour of an individual. In the present study butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a co-regulatory cholinergic neurotransmitter enzyme implicated in several putative neuronal and non-neuronal physiological roles was investigated for its role in MDD. Eighty MDD patients and sixty-one healthy controls were recruited for the study. BChE activity was measured by Ellman's method using serum while DNA samples of the patients were genotyped for BCHE polymorphisms rs3495 (c.*189G > A) and rs1803274 (c.1699G > A) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System- polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). The genotyping was further validated by Sanger Sequencing. Biochemical estimation of serum BChE levels revealed a statistically significant decrease of enzyme activity in MDD patients (69.96) as compared to healthy controls (90.97), which was independent of age and gender. BCHE single nucleotide polymorphism rs1803274 genotype GA was found to be associated with the disease under a dominant model (OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.09-4.96; p value = 0.025). Furthermore, risk allele-A frequency was higher in cases (p value = 0.013) than control. Carriers of rs1803274 GA genotype showed reduced mean BChE activity than wild-type allele GG homozygotes (p value = 0.040). Gender-based analysis revealed a protective role of rs3495 in females (χ2 = 6.87, p value = 0.032, RM: OR 0.173, CI = 0.043-0.699 (p value = 0.017). In addition, rs1803274 risk allele-A was observed to be significantly higher in males (χ2 = 4.258, p value = 0.039). In conclusion, the present study is indicative of a role of BChE in the pathophysiology of MDD where genetic polymorphisms were observed to effect BChE activity. Further replication studies in different ethnicities are recommended to validate the current observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sliha Awan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Aisha N Hashmi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Taj
- Department of Psychiatry, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Munir
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Habib
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Batool
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Azam
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan. .,Translational Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Tarlai Kalan, Park Road, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Raheel Qamar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.,Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Science and Technology Sector, ICESCO, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Syed M Nurulain
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
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4
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Oh TK, Park HY, Song I. Risk of psychological sequelae among coronavirus disease‐2019 survivors: A nationwide cohort study in South Korea. Depress Anxiety 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/da.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam South Korea
| | - Hye Youn Park
- Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam South Korea
| | - In‐Ae Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam South Korea
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Loukine L, O'Donnell S, Goldner EM, McRae L, Allen H. Health status, activity limitations, work-related restrictions and level of disability among Canadians with mood and/or anxiety disorders. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2016; 36:289-301. [PMID: 27977084 PMCID: PMC5387796 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.36.12.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study provides the first overview of the perceived general and mental health, activity limitations, work-related restrictions and level of disability, as well as factors associated with disability severity, among Canadian adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders, using a population-based household sample. METHODS We used data from the 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Component. The sample consists of Canadians aged 18 years and older with self-reported mood and/or anxiety disorders from the 10 provinces (n = 3361; response rate 68.9%). We conducted descriptive and multinomial multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Among Canadian adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders, over one-quarter reported "fair/poor" general (25.3%) and mental (26.1%) health; more than one-third (36.4%) reported one or more activity limitations; half (50.3%) stated a job modification was required to continue working; and more than one-third (36.5%) had severe disability. Those with concurrent mood and anxiety disorders reported poorer outcomes: 56.4% had one or more activity limitations; 65.8% required a job modification and 49.6% were severely disabled. Upon adjusting for individual characteristics, those with mood and/or anxiety disorders who were older, who had a household income in the lowest or lower-middle adequacy quintile or who had concurrent disorders were more likely to have severe disability. CONCLUSION Findings from this study affirm that mood and/or anxiety disorders, especially concurrent disorders, are associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes. Results support the role of public health policy and programs aimed at improving the lives of people living with these disorders, in particular those with concurrent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Loukine
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S O'Donnell
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - E M Goldner
- Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L McRae
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Allen
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Federici S, Bracalenti M, Meloni F, Luciano JV. World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0: An international systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 39:2347-2380. [PMID: 27820966 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2016.1223177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review examines research and practical applications of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) as a basis for establishing specific criteria for evaluating relevant international scientific literature. The aims were to establish the extent of international dissemination and use of WHODAS 2.0 and analyze psychometric research on its various translations and adaptations. In particular, we wanted to highlight which psychometric features have been investigated, focusing on the factor structure, reliability, and validity of this instrument. METHOD Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we conducted a search for publications focused on "whodas" using the ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar electronic databases. RESULTS We identified 810 studies from 94 countries published between 1999 and 2015. WHODAS 2.0 has been translated into 47 languages and dialects and used in 27 areas of research (40% in psychiatry). CONCLUSIONS The growing number of studies indicates increasing interest in the WHODAS 2.0 for assessing individual functioning and disability in different settings and individual health conditions. The WHODAS 2.0 shows strong correlations with several other measures of activity limitations; probably due to the fact that it shares the same disability latent variable with them. Implications for Rehabilitation WHODAS 2.0 seems to be a valid, reliable self-report instrument for the assessment of disability. The increasing interest in use of the WHODAS 2.0 extends to rehabilitation and life sciences rather than being limited to psychiatry. WHODAS 2.0 is suitable for assessing health status and disability in a variety of settings and populations. A critical issue for rehabilitation is that a single "minimal clinically important .difference" score for the WHODAS 2.0 has not yet been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Federici
- a Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Marco Bracalenti
- a Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Fabio Meloni
- a Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Juan V Luciano
- b Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Déu , St. Boi De Llobregat , Spain.,c Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP) , Madrid , Spain
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Seidler ZE, Dawes AJ, Rice SM, Oliffe JL, Dhillon HM. The role of masculinity in men's help-seeking for depression: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 49:106-118. [PMID: 27664823 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Conformity to traditional masculine gender norms may deter men's help-seeking and/or impact the services men engage. Despite proliferating research, current evidence has not been evaluated systematically. This review summarises findings related to the role of masculinity on men's help-seeking for depression. METHOD Six electronic databases were searched using terms related to masculinity, depression and help-seeking. Titles and abstracts were reviewed and data systematically extracted and examined for methodological quality. RESULTS Of 1927 citations identified, 37 met inclusion criteria. Seventeen (46%) studies reported qualitative research; eighteen (49%) employed quantitative methods, and two (5%) mixed methods. Findings suggest conformity to traditional masculine norms has a threefold effect on men experiencing depression, impacting: i) their symptoms and expression of symptoms; ii) their attitudes to, intention, and, actual help-seeking behaviour; and, iii) their symptom management. CONCLUSION Results demonstrate the problematic impact of conformity to traditional masculine norms on the way men experience and seek help for depression. Tailoring and targeting clinical interventions may increase men's service uptake and the efficacy of treatments. Future research examining factors associated with men's access to, and engagement with depression care will be critical to increasing help-seeking, treatment uptake, and effectual self-management among men experiencing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zac E Seidler
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Level 6 (North), 119-143 Missenden Rd, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Alexei J Dawes
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Simon M Rice
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Haryana M Dhillon
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making, The University of Sydney, Australia.
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Stineman MG, Xie D, Pan Q, Kurichi JE, Saliba D, Rose SMSF, Streim JE. Understanding non-performance reports for instrumental activity of daily living items in population analyses: a cross sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2016; 16:64. [PMID: 26956616 PMCID: PMC4784362 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-016-0235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concerns about using Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) in national surveys come up frequently in geriatric and rehabilitation medicine due to high rates of non-performance for reasons other than health. We aim to evaluate the effect of different strategies of classifying “does not do” responses to IADL questions when estimating prevalence of IADL limitations in a national survey. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample of 13,879 non-institutionalized adult Medicare beneficiaries included in the 2010 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS). Sample persons or proxies were asked about difficulties performing six IADLs. Tested strategies to classify non-performance of IADL(s) for reasons other than health were to 1) derive through multiple imputation, 2) exclude (for incomplete data), 3) classify as “no difficulty,” or 4) classify as “difficulty.” IADL stage prevalence estimates were compared across these four strategies. Results In the sample, 1853 sample persons (12.4 % weighted) did not do one or more IADLs for reasons other than physical problems or health. Yet, IADL stage prevalence estimates differed little across the four alternative strategies. Classification as “no difficulty” led to slightly lower, while classification as “difficulty” raised the estimated population prevalence of disability. Conclusions These analyses encourage clinicians, researchers, and policy end-users of IADL survey data to be cognizant of possible small differences that can result from alternative ways of handling unrated IADL information. At the population-level, the resulting differences appear trivial when applying MCBS data, providing reassurance that IADL items can be used to estimate the prevalence of activity limitation despite high rates of non-performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret G Stineman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Dawei Xie
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvani, 423 Guardian Drive, 617 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Qiang Pan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvani, 423 Guardian Drive, 617 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Jibby E Kurichi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvani, 423 Guardian Drive, 617 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Debra Saliba
- Anna and Harry Borun Chair in Geriatrics and Gerontology at UCLA, RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA. .,Research Physician, VA GLAHS GRECC, RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA. .,UCLA/JH Borun Center for Gerontological Research, RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA. .,RAND Health, RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
| | - Sophia Miryam Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose
- Spinal Cord Injury Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Joel E Streim
- Geriatric Psychiatry Section of the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,VISN 4 Mental Illness Research Education & Clinical Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Cieza A, Anczewska M, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Baker M, Bickenbach J, Chatterji S, Hartley S, Leonardi M, Pitkänen T. Understanding the Impact of Brain Disorders: Towards a 'Horizontal Epidemiology' of Psychosocial Difficulties and Their Determinants. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136271. [PMID: 26352911 PMCID: PMC4564202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To test the hypothesis of ‘horizontal epidemiology’, i.e. that psychosocial difficulties (PSDs), such as sleep disturbances, emotional instability and difficulties in personal interactions, and their environmental determinants are experienced in common across neurological and psychiatric disorders, together called brain disorders. Study Design A multi-method study involving systematic literature reviews, content analysis of patient-reported outcomes and outcome instruments, clinical input and a qualitative study was carried out to generate a pool of PSD and environmental determinants relevant for nine different brain disorders, namely epilepsy, migraine, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, dementia, depression, schizophrenia and substance dependency. Information from these sources was harmonized and compiled, and after feedback from external experts, a data collection protocol including PSD and determinants common across these nine disorders was developed. This protocol was implemented as an interview in a cross-sectional study including a convenience sample of persons with one of the nine brain disorders. PSDs endorsed by at least 25% of patients with a brain disorder were considered associated with the disorder. PSD were considered common across disorders if associated to 5 out of the 9 brain disorders and if among the 5 both neurological and psychiatric conditions were represented. Setting The data collection protocol with 64 PSDs and 20 determinants was used to collect data from a convenience sample of 722 persons in four specialized health care facilities in Europe. Results 57 of the PSDs and 16 of the determinants included in the protocol were found to be experienced across brain disorders. Conclusion This is the first evidence that supports the hypothesis of horizontal epidemiology in brain disorders. This result challenges the brain disorder-specific or vertical approach in which clinical and epidemiological research about psychosocial difficulties experienced in daily life is commonly carried in neurology and psychiatry and the way in which the corresponding health care delivery is practiced in many countries of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alarcos Cieza
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Chair for Public Health and Health Services Research, Research Unit for Biopsychosocial Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Marta Anczewska
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Psychiatry Service, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Baker
- European Brain Council, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Somnath Chatterji
- Multi-Country Studies, Department of Measurement and Health Information Systems, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sally Hartley
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Scientific Directorate, Neurological Institute Carlo Besta IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
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Harris MG, Diminic S, Reavley N, Baxter A, Pirkis J, Whiteford HA. Males' mental health disadvantage: An estimation of gender-specific changes in service utilisation for mental and substance use disorders in Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2015; 49:821-32. [PMID: 25818334 DOI: 10.1177/0004867415577434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns about low levels of service utilisation for mental and substance use disorders in Australia - especially among males - have prompted targeted help-seeking and stigma-reduction initiatives. Resulting changes in service utilisation according to gender are unknown. We modelled the percentage of Australian males with a mental or substance use disorder who used services each year between 2006-2007 and 2011-2012, and the types of services they used, relative to females. METHODS Twelve-month prevalence of mental and substance use disorders, stratified by gender, was synthesised from existing estimates. The percentage of males and females with these disorders who used mental health services in each year from 2006-2007 to 2011-2012 was modelled from published programme activity data, supplemented by analyses of epidemiological survey data. Uncertainty analysis quantified the effects of sampling error and assumptions on the estimates. RESULTS Modelling showed a significant increase in the percentage of people with mental or substance use disorders who used services for their mental health - from 32.0% in 2006-2007 to 40.0% in 2011-2012 in males and from 45.1% in 2006-2007 to 54.6% in 2011-2012 in females. Growth was driven largely by uptake of private specialised services - males' use of these services grew by 92.7% and females' by 115.4%. There appeared to be a non-significant decrease in use of general practitioner-only mental health care for males (-17.9%), and a significant decrease in the same for females (-35.1%); however, some assumptions made in the modelling of general practitioner-only care require validation. In 2006-2007, the percentage of females treated was 40.9% higher than for males; in 2011-2012, it was 36.6% greater. CONCLUSIONS Recently implemented initiatives have improved males' likelihood of service utilisation, particularly their use of specialised mental health services. Although the gender gap may have narrowed, improving males' access to services should remain a policy priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith G Harris
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia Policy and Epidemiology Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia
| | - Sandra Diminic
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia Policy and Epidemiology Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicola Reavley
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda Baxter
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia Policy and Epidemiology Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Harvey A Whiteford
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia Policy and Epidemiology Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia
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Brütt AL, Schulz H, Andreas S. Psychometric properties of an instrument to measure activities and participation according to the ICF concept in patients with mental disorders. Disabil Rehabil 2014; 37:259-67. [PMID: 24833419 DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2014.918189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) conceptualizes the bio-psycho-social model of health and illness, but cannot be used as an assessment instrument in routine care. The objective of this study was to psychometrically test a self-report instrument for measuring activities and social participation (ICF-Mental-A&P) of psychotherapy patients. METHODS For the psychometric evaluation of the ICF-Mental-A&P, participants completed a questionnaire on symptoms, interpersonal problems and quality of life at admission and at discharge of in-patient treatment. A consecutive sample of 2256 patients diagnosed with at least one mental disorder was recruited from eight in-patient units in Germany. RESULTS After item selection, the ICF-Mental-A&P contained 31 items comprising six subscales examined by confirmatory factor analysis. Subscales had acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.78-0.90) and test-retest correlations (r = 0.71-0.86). There were several expected correlations (r ≥ 0.6) between ICF-Mental-A&P scores and measures of symptoms and interpersonal problems. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that the ICF-Mental-A&P is a comprehensive, reliable measure of activities and participation according to the ICF concept for patients with mental disorders. It may therefore be an important instrument in clinical practice and could help to determine and evaluate functioning-related and patient-focused treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Levke Brütt
- Department of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany and
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Effect of depression onset on adherence to medication among hypertensive patients: a longitudinal modelling study. J Hypertens 2014; 31:1477-84; discussion 1484. [PMID: 23666419 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32836098d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although a link between depression and poor adherence to antihypertensive medication (AHM) has been found, it is not known whether depression actually leads to poorer adherence or whether poor adherence only is a marker of depression. In this study we aimed to determine the time order between hypertension, depression and changes in adherence to AHM. METHODS The analyses were based on data gathered from a longitudinal cohort of Finnish employees (The Finnish Public Sector Study). A total of 852 chronically hypertensive men and women at baseline with a recorded onset of depression during the 9-year observation window and 2359 hypertensive control participants matched for age, sex, socio-economic status, time of study entry, employer and geographic area were included in the study. Individuals with any sign of depression during 4 years before the beginning of the study were excluded. To describe long-term trajectories (4 years before and 4 years after the recorded depression) of AHM adherence in relation to the onset of depression, annual data on reimbursed AHM prescriptions were gathered from the national Drug Prescription Register. Annual nonadherence rates (i.e. number of 'days-not-treated') were based on filled prescriptions. RESULTS Among male cases, the rate of 'days-not-treated' was 1.52 times higher (95% confidence interval 1.08-2.14) in the years after the onset of depression compared to preonset levels. In women and in male controls, no change in adherence to AHM was observed between these time periods. CONCLUSION In hypertensive men, the onset of recorded depression increases the risk of nonadherence to AHM.
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Brevik EJ, Eikeland RA, Lundervold AJ. Subthreshold Depressive Symptoms have a Negative Impact on Cognitive Functioning in Middle-Aged and Older Males. Front Psychol 2013; 4:309. [PMID: 23755036 PMCID: PMC3668270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive aging is associated with a decline on measures of fluid intelligence (gF), whereas crystallized intelligence (gC) tends to remain stable. In the present study we asked if depressive symptoms might contribute to explain the decline on gF in a sample of healthy middle-aged and older adults. METHOD The Norwegian sample included 83 females and 42 males (M = 60, SD = 7.9 years). gF was calculated from factor-analysis, including tests of matrix reasoning (WASI), memory function (CVLT-II), processing speed and executive function (CDT; CWIT). gC was derived from a Vocabulary subtest (WASI). Depressive symptoms were assessed by self-reports on Beck's Depression Index (BDI) and ranged from 0 to 21 (M = 6, SD = 4.5). RESULTS Increased age was correlated with a decline on gF (r = -0.436, p < 0.001), but not gC (r=-0.103, p = ns.). The BDI score in the whole sample was correlated with gF (r = -0.313, p < 0.001). A more detailed analysis showed that the BDI score correlated with measures of both gF and gC in males. The correlations were non-significant for females on all measures, with the exception of a measure of processing speed/executive function. A regression analysis including age and sex in the first step, showed that symptoms of depression significantly contributed to explain decline on gF, F(3, 124) = 16.653, p < 0.001, R? = 0.292, ΔR? = 0.054. DISCUSSION The results showed that symptoms of depression were negatively correlated with cognitive functioning in males even when the symptom-level was below clinical threshold. This indicates that minimal symptoms of depression in older men are clinically relevant to address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlend J. Brevik
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rune A. Eikeland
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Astri J. Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bergen, Norway
- Kavli Research Center for Aging and Dementia, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Subramaniam M, Abdin E, Vaingankar JA, Chong SA. Gender differences in disability in a multiethnic Asian population: the Singapore Mental Health Study. Compr Psychiatry 2013. [PMID: 23190706 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of the current study were to examine the gender specific associations between 12-month mood, anxiety and alcohol use disorders with five disability domains - Role, Social, Cognitive, Self-care and Mobility - after controlling for covariates in the multi-ethnic population in Singapore. METHODS The Singapore Mental Health Study (SMHS) surveyed 6616 adult Singapore Residents with face-to-face interviews from December 2009 to December 2010. The diagnoses of mental disorders were established using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0). Disability was assessed with the World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys version of the WHODAS-II, which assesses disability across 5 domains. RESULTS Overall rate of disability was higher among those with mental disorder than those without mental disorder in both men and women. Our study found that women with either 12-month mood or anxiety disorder reported significantly more disability in the Social, Cognitive and Mobility domains than men with these disorders. CONCLUSION This highlights the need for gender sensitivity in models of care and treatment for both men and women and emphasizes the importance of tailoring interventions differently for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, 539747 Singapore.
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Derdikman-Eiron R, Hjemdal O, Lydersen S, Bratberg GH, Indredavik MS. Adolescent predictors and associates of psychosocial functioning in young men and women: 11 year follow-up findings from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Scand J Psychol 2013; 54:95-101. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Department of Psychology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- The Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (RBUP); Faculty of Medicine; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
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Derdikman-Eiron R, Indredavik MS, Bakken IJ, Bratberg GH, Hjemdal O, Colton M. Gender differences in psychosocial functioning of adolescents with symptoms of anxiety and depression: longitudinal findings from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2012; 47:1855-63. [PMID: 22382555 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-012-0492-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore longitudinally gender differences in the associations between psychosocial functioning, subjective well-being and self-esteem among adolescents with and without symptoms of anxiety and depression. METHODS Data were obtained from a major population-based Norwegian study, the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, in which 1,092 boys and 1,262 girls (86% of all invited) completed an extensive self-report questionnaire at baseline (mean age 14.4 years) and at follow-up (mean age 18.4 years). RESULTS Gender was a moderator variable in the associations between symptoms of anxiety and depression and impairment, meaning that boys' functioning was impaired to a larger extent than girls' functioning. A statistically significant interaction effect between gender and symptoms of anxiety and depression was found at follow-up in terms of subjective well-being (p < 0.05), self-esteem (p < 0.05), academic problems (p < 0.01), behaviour problems (p < 0.01) and frequency of meeting friends (p < 0.001). Onset of symptoms between baseline and follow-up was associated with less frequent meetings with friends among boys, but not among girls. After remission of symptoms, boys still had more behaviour and academic problems, less frequently met friends and reported lower subjective well-being and self-esteem than boys who had no symptoms at both time points. No similar differences were found among the girls. CONCLUSION Previous and ongoing symptoms of anxiety and depression had more negative consequences for boys than for girls. These findings may contribute to improved assessment and intervention methods tailored differently for each gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Derdikman-Eiron
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, The Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (RBUP), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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Balhara YPS, Gauba D, Deshpande SN. Profile difference between male and female psychiatric patients seeking certificate of disability. Oman Med J 2012; 26:410-5. [PMID: 22253949 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2011.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropsychiatric disorders are one of the major contributors to the global burden of disease and disability. Issue of disability in psychiatric disorders has been studied across multiple studies in India. However, there are no reports on the profile and nature of disability among those seeking disability certificates. The current study aims at understanding the socio-clinical profile of patients seeking disability certificate in a tertiary care hospital in India. METHODS The study was carried out in the Department of Psychiatry of a tertiary care multispecialty teaching hospital. A chart review of the records of the patients referred for disability evaluation over a one year period was conducted. The disability was assessed using IDEAS. In between group comparisons were carried out for male and female subjects for different socio-demographic variables, IDEAS total score and individuals item score using independent sample t test (parametric test) and Mann Whitney-U test (non parametric test). Additionally, Spearman's rank order correlation was calculated to establish the level of correlation between total IDEAS score and score on individual items of the scale. RESULTS The subjects were diagnosed to have been suffering from mental retardation 107 (61.8%), schizophrenia 54 (31.2%), dementia 5 (2.9%), bipolar affective disorder 4 (2.3%) and obsessive compulsive disorder 3 (1.7%) as per ICD-10. Male and female subjects differed significantly on the global IDEAS score. The total score was significantly higher for male subjects compared to female subjects. The difference was statistically significant for "self care" and interpersonal activities items of the scale with male subjects having higher disability scores. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides some important insights into profile of disability certificate seeking individuals in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatan Pal Singh Balhara
- Department of Psychiatry and De-addiction Lady Hardinge Medical College and SSK Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Verboom CE, Ormel J, Nolen WA, Penninx BWJH, Sijtsema JJ. Moderators of the synchrony of change between decreasing depression severity and disability. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2012; 126:175-85. [PMID: 22224475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01823.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify moderators of synchrony of change between depression severity and disability. METHOD From a large cohort study with 2 years of follow-up, patients with major depressive disorder at baseline who decreased at least 25% in depression severity after 2 years (n = 245) were selected. We measured overall and domain-specific disability at baseline, and at 1- and 2-year follow-up. Possible moderators, among which several demographic, clinical, personality, and contextual factors, were measured at baseline. We used linear mixed models to analyze the data. RESULTS Decrease in depression severity correlated strongly with reductions of overall disability (r = 0.54). Synchrony of change for the disability domains ranged from 0.13 for self-care to 0.47 for participation. From the possible moderators, only age and work stress moderated the association between change in depression severity and disability, with stronger synchrony of change among younger patients and patients who experienced moderate work stress. CONCLUSION Strong synchrony of change exists between depression severity and disability. Perhaps, because of the strength of this synchrony, few contextual characteristics moderated the association. Clinicians should be aware of the risk of slower or incomplete functional recovery in older people and those without a job or those experiencing low work stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Verboom
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Fountoulakis KN, Lekka E, Kouidi E, Chouvarda I, Deligiannis A, Maglaveras N. Development of the Global Disability Scale (Glo.Di.S): preliminary results. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2012; 11:14. [PMID: 22594786 PMCID: PMC3434028 DOI: 10.1186/1744-859x-11-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of functioning and disability is an important part of the clinical evaluation, since it measures disease burden and reflects the effectiveness of therapeutic planning and interventions. The aim of the current study was to develop such a self-report instrument on the basis of a review of the literature, and compatible with the WHO approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS The review of the literature led to the development of the Global Disability Scale (Glo.Di.S) with 25 items assessing different aspects of disability. The study sample included 728 persons from vulnerable populations (homeless, jobless, very low income, single parent families etc.; (29.12% males and 70.88% females; aged 55.96 ± 15.22 years). The protocol included also the STAI and the CES-D. The statistical analysis included factor analysis item analysis and ANCOVA. RESULTS The factor analysis revealed the presence of 4 factors explaining 71% of total variance (Everyday functioning, Social and interpersonal functioning, Severity and Mental disability). Chronbach's alpha for the whole scale was 0.95 and for subscales were 0.74-0.94. DISCUSSION The results of the current study suggest that the Glo.Di.S. has the potential to serve as a reliable and valid tool for assessing functioning and disability. Further research is needed to prove that it could be useful across countries, populations and diseases, and whether it provides data that are culturally meaningful and comparable. It can be used in surveys and in clinical research settings and it can generate information of use in evaluating health needs and the effectiveness of interventions to reduce disability and improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos N Fountoulakis
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Pylaia 55535, Greece.
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Schnurr PP, Lunney CA. Work-related quality of life and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among female veterans. Womens Health Issues 2011; 21:S169-75. [PMID: 21724137 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2011.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can have pervasive, negative effects on multiple aspects of quality of life. We investigated the relationship between PTSD symptom clusters and work-related quality of life among female veterans. Although prior studies have shown that PTSD symptom clusters are differentially related to work-related quality of life, no study has assessed these relationships in women specifically. METHODS Participants were 253 female veterans with current PTSD. We assessed three components of work-related quality of life (employment status, clinician-rated occupational impairment, and self-rated occupational satisfaction) and performed analyses with and without adjusting for self-reported depression symptoms. RESULTS None of the PTSD symptom clusters were associated with employment status. All PTSD symptom clusters had significant independent associations with occupational impairment. All PTSD symptom clusters except avoidance were significantly associated with lower occupational satisfaction, but none had independent associations with occupational satisfaction. No single PTSD symptom cluster emerged as most strongly associated with occupational outcomes. Symptoms of depression had substantial associations across all occupational outcomes, independent of PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSION Knowledge about how PTSD relates to occupational outcomes in women veterans is important for addressing the needs of this growing segment of the VA patient population, in which PTSD is a prevalent condition. Because PTSD had differential relationships with the three components of work-related quality of life, measuring only one component, or using an aggregate measure, may obscure important distinctions. Resolving depression symptoms also may be integral to achieving meaningful recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula P Schnurr
- National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, Vermont 05009, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW It is well established that women have a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders, but sex differences in the disability associated with depression and anxiety disorders have been less well researched. Earlier studies suggested that women were more disabled by their depression than were men. Studies of schizophrenia, in contrast, have always found that men were more disabled. Recent studies cast new light on this topic and suggest that sex differences in the disability associated with mental disorders may be more consistent than previously thought. RECENT FINDINGS Two general population studies found that men (and boys) with depression or anxiety disorders (or symptoms) reported greater impairment in everyday functioning and social relationships than women with depression and anxiety. These findings are consistent with the research on psychotic disorders and with much of the research on sex differences in long-term sickness absence due to psychiatric disorder. SUMMARY Men experience more functional and social impairment in association with episodes of depression, anxiety, and psychosis than their female counterparts. The greater social isolation among men with mental disorders may be attributable to male reticence about disclosing emotional distress, limiting their access to support.
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