1
|
Jiang ST, Sun YH, Li Y, Wang MQ, Wang XY, Dong YF. Gut microbiota is necessary for pair-housing to protect against post-stroke depression in mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114834. [PMID: 38789022 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to investigate the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis involved in the protective effect of pair-housing on post-stroke depression (PSD). PSD model was induced by occluding the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) plus restraint stress for four weeks. At three days after MCAO, the mice were restrained 2 h per day. For pair-housing (PH), each mouse was pair housed with a healthy isosexual cohabitor for four weeks. While in the other PH group, their drinking water was replaced with antibiotic water. On day 35 to day 40, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors (sucrose consumption, open field test, forced swim test, and tail-suspension test) were conducted. Results showed pair-housed mice had better performance on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors than the PSD mice, and the richness and diversity of intestinal flora were also improved. However, drinking antibiotic water reversed the effects of pair-housing. Furthermore, pair-housing had an obvious improvement in gut barrier disorder and inflammation caused by PSD. Particularly, they showed significant decreases in CD8 lymphocytes and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1β and IL-6), while IL-10 mRNA was upregulated. In addition, pair-housing significantly reduced activated microglia and increased Nissl's body in the hippocampus of PSD mice. However, all these improvements were worse in the pair-housed mice administrated with antibiotic water. We conclude that pair-housing significantly improves PSD in association with enhanced functions of microbiota-gut-brain axis, and homeostasis of gut microbiota is indispensable for the protective effect of pair-housing on PSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ting Jiang
- Department of Medical Care, School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yao-Huan Sun
- Department of Medical Care, School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ya Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Qing Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu-Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Yin-Feng Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Li C, Ren H, Han K, Wang X, Zang S, Zhao G. The relationship of peripheral blood cell inflammatory biomarkers and psychological stress in unmedicated major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 176:155-162. [PMID: 38865865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research has explored the linkage between major depressive disorder (MDD) and inflammation, especially via altered peripheral blood immune markers. However, the relationship between several novel leukocyte-derived ratios (LDR) and psychological stress in MDD remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the relationship between LDR, clinical characteristics, recent life events, and childhood maltreatment in MDD patients. METHODS A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted involving 59 healthy controls (HC) and 50 unmedicated MDD patients. Subjects underwent psychological assessments and peripheral blood measurements. LDR assessed in this study included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), white blood cell-to-mean platelet volume ratio (WMR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), multiplication of neutrophil and monocyte counts (MNM), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). RESULTS MDD patients displayed significant alterations in WMR, PLR, and MNM compared to HC, as well as correlations between several LDR and various clinical features (duration of untreated psychosis and dNLR, the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire and PLR, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire and SIRI (NLR and dNLR). There was a significant difference in the comparison of WMR in first-episode patients than in recurrent patients. Analyses further revealed an association between Life Event Scale total scores and NLR (dNLR). No correlation was found between Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total (or subscale) scores and LDR. Additionally, WMR and dNLR presented potential predictive value for distinguishing between MDD and HC. CONCLUSION The study concludes that MDD and some clinical features are associated with alterations in some peripheral blood LDR. These findings emphasize the potential role of peripheral blood LDR in the pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity of MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Honghong Ren
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ximing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuqi Zang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Xia X, Zhou Z, Yuan M, Peng Y, Liu Y, Tang J, Fu Y. Interleukin-6 is correlated with amygdala volume and depression severity in adolescents and young adults with first-episode major depressive disorder. Brain Imaging Behav 2024:10.1007/s11682-024-00871-0. [PMID: 38467915 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory mechanisms may play crucial roles in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), and cytokine concentrations are correlated with brain alterations. Adolescents and young adults with MDD have higher recurrence and suicide rates than adults, but there has been limited research on the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential correlations among cytokines, depression severity, and the volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens in Han Chinese adolescents and young adults with first-episode MDD. Nineteen patients with MDD aged 10-21 years were enrolled from the Psychiatry Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, along with 18 age-matched healthy controls from a local school. We measured the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in the peripheral blood, along with the volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging. We observed that patients with MDD had higher concentrations of IL-6 and a trend towards reduced left amygdala and bilateral hippocampus volumes than healthy controls. Additionally, the concentration of IL-6 was correlated with the left amygdala volume and depression severity, while the left hippocampus volume was correlated with depression severity. This study suggests that inflammation is an underlying neurobiological change and implies that IL-6 could serve as a potential biomarker for identifying early stage MDD in adolescents and young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaodi Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zheyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yadong Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jinxiang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yixiao Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Islam MR, Sohan M, Daria S, Masud AA, Ahmed MU, Roy A, Shahriar M. Evaluation of inflammatory cytokines in drug-naïve major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231198828. [PMID: 37625799 PMCID: PMC10467201 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231198828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Altered levels of peripheral inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokine markers affect the different clinical stages of major depressive disorder (MDD). A concrete understanding of the causal mechanism of MDD is a prerequisite in developing treatment strategies and preventive plans. Here we aimed to conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the association of C-reactive protein (CRP), INF-γ, MCP-1, and TNF-α in the peripheral fluid of drug-naïve MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: We extracted articles from PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from inception until 14 February 2021, to find relevant studies. In this meta-analysis, we included a total of 23 eligible studies (1,366 MDD patients and 1,342 controls) in the final meta-analysis. The Cochran's chi-square Q-test and I2-index were applied to measure the heterogeneity and inconsistency of all combined results. We selected a random-effect model during the analysis and measured publication biases using the funnel plot. We performed Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing. Results: We found a high level of TNF-α in MDD patients than in control subjects Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) with a random-effects model: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.69-1.39, z = 5.84, p < 0.001). The levels of CRP (SMD with a random-effects model: 0.18, 95% CI: -0.85-1.23, z = 0.35, p = 0.73), INF-ɤ (SMD with a random-effects model: -0.05, 95% CI: -2.72-2.62, z = 0.03, p = 0.97), and MCP-1 (SMD with a random-effects model: 0.70, 95% CI: -0.09-1.49, z = 1.73, p = 0.08) were not significantly varies between MDD patients and HCs. Conclusion: The present study findings suggest the upregulated level of peripheral TNF-α but not CRP, INF-γ, and MCP-1 involve in depression. The elevated inflammatory cytokines confirmed the inflammatory state of depression. Therefore, inflammatory cytokines might serve as potential risk assessment markers in MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sohan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sohel Daria
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan HT, Xi ZQ, Wei XQ, Wang K. A network pharmacology approach to predict potential targets and mechanisms of " Ramulus Cinnamomi (cassiae) - Paeonia lactiflora" herb pair in the treatment of chronic pain with comorbid anxiety and depression. Ann Med 2022; 54:413-425. [PMID: 35098831 PMCID: PMC8812742 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2031268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions have multiple bioactive properties. "Gui Zhi-Shao Yao" herb pair is widely used to treat chronic pain (CP), as well as anxiety and depression. However, its related targets and underlying mechanisms have not been deciphered. METHODS In this study, the network pharmacology method was used to explore the bioactive components and targets of "Gui Zhi-Shao Yao" herb pair and further elucidate its potential biological mechanisms of action in the treatment of CP with comorbid anxiety disorder (AD) and mental depression (MD). RESULTS Following a series of analyses, we identified 15 active compounds, hitting 130 potential targets. After the intersections the targets of this herb pair and CP, AD and MD - sorted by the value of degree - nine targets were identified as the vital ones: Akt1, IL6, TNF, PTGS2, JUN, CASP3, MAPK8, PPARγ and NOS3. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results demonstrated 11 pathways, such as AGE-RAGE signalling pathway, IL-17 signalling pathway, TNF signalling pathway, which primarily participate in the pathological processes. CONCLUSIONS This study preliminarily predicted and verified the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of "Gui Zhi-Shao Yao" herb pair for treating CP with comorbid AD and MD from a holistic perspective. In vivo and in vitro experiments will be required to further investigate the mechanisms.KEY MESSAGEA network pharmacology approach was applied to identify key targets and molecular mechanisms.Nine targets were regarded as the vital targets for chronic pain with comorbid anxiety and depression.Predicted 11 pathways were the potential therapy targets and pharmacological mechanism of "Gui Zhi-Shao Yao" herb pair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tian Pan
- Acupuncture Anesthesia Clinical Research Institute, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Qi Xi
- Acupuncture Anesthesia Clinical Research Institute, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Qiang Wei
- Acupuncture Anesthesia Clinical Research Institute, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Acupuncture Anesthesia Clinical Research Institute, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Changes in the Serum Levels of Cytokines: IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 in Depression with and without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030387. [PMID: 35326343 PMCID: PMC8946076 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Both depressive disorders (DD) and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) are caused by immune system dysfunction. Affected individuals show increased proinflammatory cytokine concentration levels. Also, it has been hypothesized that DD and PTSD might be associated with a generalized proinflammatory cytokine signature. The study assessed the concentration of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 in depression alone and with PTSD. Methods: The study involved 460 participants. Out of them, 420 subjects comprised a study group and 40 subjects comprised a control group. Each study group consisted of 60 patients with mild depression (MD), moderate depression (MOD), severe depression (SeD), MD and PTSD (MD + PTSD), MOD and PTSD (MOD + PTSD), SeD and PTSD (SeD + PTSD), and with PTSD alone. All patients had serum concentration of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 measured with ELISA. Results: DD and PTSD are reflected in IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 concentration levels. It was reported that mean levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 increase as depression became more severe. A regular decrease in IL-10 concentration levels was noted with the onset and exacerbation of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The findings might be useful when considering chronic inflammation as a potential target or biomarker in depression and PTSD treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gao Y, Fan Y, Yang Z, Ma Q, Zhao B, He X, Gao F, Qian L, Wang W, Chen C, Chen Y, Gao C, Ma X, Zhu F. Systems biological assessment of altered cytokine responses to bacteria and fungi reveals impaired immune functionality in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1205-1216. [PMID: 34728799 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that complex interactions between the immune system and brain have important etiological and therapeutic implications in schizophrenia. However, the detailed cellular and molecular basis of immune dysfunction in schizophrenia remains poorly characterized. To better understand the immune changes and molecular pathways, we systemically compared the cytokine responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients with schizophrenia and controls against bacterial, fungal, and purified microbial ligands, and identified aberrant cytokine response patterns to various pathogens, as well as reduced cytokine production after stimulation with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) in schizophrenia. Subsequently, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on unstimulated and stimulated PBMCs from patients and controls and revealed widespread suppression of antiviral and inflammatory programs as well as impaired chemokine/cytokine-receptor interaction networks in various immune cell subpopulations of schizophrenic patients after MDP stimulation. Moreover, serum MDP levels were elevated in these patients and correlated with the course of the disease, suggesting increased bacterial translocation along with disease progression. In vitro assays revealed that MDP pretreatment altered the functional response of normal PBMCs to its re-stimulation, which partially recapitulated the impaired immune function in schizophrenia. In conclusion, we delineated the molecular and cellular landscape of impaired immune function in schizophrenia, and proposed a mutual interplay between innate immune impairment, reduced pathogen clearance, increased MDP translocation along schizophrenia development, and blunted innate immune response. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms that drive systemic immune activation, neuroinflammation, and brain abnormalities in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yajuan Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zai Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qingyan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Fengjie Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ce Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yunchun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chengge Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Psychiatric Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Costi S, Morris LS, Collins A, Fernandez NF, Patel M, Xie H, Kim-Schulze S, Stern ER, Collins KA, Cathomas F, Parides MK, Whitton AE, Pizzagalli DA, Russo SJ, Murrough JW. Peripheral immune cell reactivity and neural response to reward in patients with depression and anhedonia. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:565. [PMID: 34741019 PMCID: PMC8571388 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of peripheral cytokines have been previously associated with depression in preclinical and clinical research. Although the precise nature of peripheral immune dysfunction in depression remains unclear, evidence from animal studies points towards a dysregulated response of peripheral leukocytes as a risk factor for stress susceptibility. This study examined dynamic release of inflammatory blood factors from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in depressed patients and associations with neural and behavioral measures of reward processing. Thirty unmedicated patients meeting criteria for unipolar depressive disorder and 21 healthy control volunteers were enrolled. PBMCs were isolated from whole blood and stimulated ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Olink multiplex assay was used to analyze a large panel of inflammatory proteins. Participants completed functional magnetic resonance imaging with an incentive flanker task to probe neural responses to reward anticipation, as well as clinical measures of anhedonia and pleasure including the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) and the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). LPS stimulation revealed larger increases in immune factors in depressed compared to healthy subjects using an aggregate immune score (t49 = 2.83, p = 0.007). Higher peripheral immune score was associated with reduced neural responses to reward anticipation within the ventral striatum (VS) (r = -0.39, p = 0.01), and with reduced anticipation of pleasure as measured with the TEPS anticipatory sub-score (r = -0.318, p = 0.023). Our study provides new evidence suggesting that dynamic hyper-reactivity of peripheral leukocytes in depressed patients is associated with blunted activation of the brain reward system and lower subjective anticipation of pleasure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Costi
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Laurel S. Morris
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Abigail Collins
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Nicolas F. Fernandez
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Manishkumar Patel
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Hui Xie
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Emily R. Stern
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY USA
| | - Katherine A. Collins
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY USA
| | - Flurin Cathomas
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Michael K. Parides
- grid.240283.f0000 0001 2152 0791Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Alexis E. Whitton
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA USA ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Diego A. Pizzagalli
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA USA
| | - Scott J. Russo
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Center for Affective Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - James W. Murrough
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA ,grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhong CC, Gao YN, Huang XC, Zhu X, Miao HH, Xu XG, Qin YB. Cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55212-2 reduces unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive behavior of rats. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1170. [PMID: 34430611 PMCID: PMC8350660 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Depression is a neurological disorder characterized by persistent low mood. A number of studies have suggested that the use of type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) agonists can reduce depressive behavior, but its effect on the depressive behavior and nerve damage of rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) has not been reported. Methods Rats were exposed to CUMS for 4 weeks to induce depressive behavior. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 6–8 weeks were randomly divided into six groups: control group (control), depression group (CUMS), depression + fluoxetine group (Flu), depression + WIN55212-2 group (WIN), depression + NF-κB inhibitor group (PDTC), and depression + WIN + PDTC group (WIN + PDTC). We performed four behavioral experiments test to evaluate the depressive behaviors of rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Nissl staining were performed to observe the neuron structures of the hippocampus. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Biochemical experiments were performed to evaluate the concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the hippocampus, and western blot was performed to detect protein expression levels related to the NF-κB signaling pathway in the hippocampus. Results Compared with the normal control group, CUMS significantly induced abnormal behaviors in stressed rats. The concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors and oxidative stress injury factors in the hippocampus of the CUMS group increased significantly. The interventions of Flu, WIN, and PDTC significantly reduced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress injury. Compared with the WIN group, the WIN + PDTC intervention group had better results. In addition, WIN could significantly inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions This study showed that cannabinoid receptor agonists can reduce the CUMS-induced depressive behaviors of rats by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chao Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ya-Nan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin-Chong Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hai-Hang Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xing-Guo Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yi-Bin Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Forouzan S, McGrew K, Kosten TA. Drugs and bugs: Negative affect, psychostimulant use and withdrawal, and the microbiome. Am J Addict 2021; 30:525-538. [PMID: 34414622 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A growing body of literature demonstrates that the human microbiota plays a crucial role in health and disease states, as well as in the body's response to stress. In addition, the microbiome plays a role in psychological well-being and regulating negative affect. Regulation of negative affect is a factor in psychostimulant abuse disorders. We propose a risk chain in which stress leads to negative affect that places an individual at risk to develop or relapse to psychostimulant abuse disorder. Stress, negative affect, and psychostimulant use all alter the gut microbiome. METHODS This review brings together the literature on affective disorders, stress, and psychostimulant abuse disorders to assess possible modulatory actions of the gut-brain axis to regulate these conditions. RESULTS Studies reviewed across the various disciplines suggest that the dysbiosis resulting from drug use, drug withdrawal, or stress may cause an individual to be more susceptible to addiction and relapse. Probiotics and prebiotics reduce stress and negative affect. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE Treatment during the withdrawal phase of psychostimulant abuse disorder, when the microbiome is altered, may ameliorate the symptoms of stress and negative affect leading to a reduced risk of relapse to psychostimulant use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadab Forouzan
- Department of Psychology, Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics (TIMES), University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keely McGrew
- Department of Psychology, Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics (TIMES), University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Therese A Kosten
- Department of Psychology, Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics (TIMES), University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Quave CB, Nieto SJ, Haile CN, Kosten TA. Immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 contributes to stress-induced affective responses in a sex-specific manner. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 14:100248. [PMID: 34589759 PMCID: PMC8474610 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress activates innate immune Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and enhances susceptibility to depression, a condition that is more prevalent in females. The TLR4 receptor type is involved in inflammatory responses and its expression levels associate with depressive symptoms and their successful treatment. Yet, little preclinical research has examined the role of TLR4 in stress-induced affective responses to determine if these are sex-specific. One group per genotype of male and female Tlr4 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) rats were exposed to predator odor in a place conditioning apparatus with others exposed to saline. Affective behaviors evaluated included distance traveled and center time in an open-field apparatus, sucrose preference and fluid intake in a two-bottle test, and conditioned place aversion to the odor-paired compartment. Predator odor exposed rats showed conditioned place aversion to the odor-paired compartment, demonstrating predator odor was aversive. Such exposure led to anhedonia (decreased sucrose preference) across genotypes and sex. Predator odor exposure decreased distance traveled, an effect that was greater in KO rats, especially in females. Tlr4 deletion also resulted in sex-specific effects on anxiety-like behavior. Compared to WTs, female KO rats showed lower center time after predator odor exposure whereas genotype did not affect this response in male rats. Across litters, fewer male KO and heterozygous rats and more WT rats were born whereas female rats showed the typical genotype distribution. Results suggest predator odor alters affective behaviors, consistent with the preclinical literature, and deletion of Tlr4 enhances some stress-induced affective responses, often in a sex-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cana B. Quave
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States
| | - Steven J. Nieto
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States
| | - Colin N. Haile
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
M1/M2 polarization in major depressive disorder: Disentangling state from trait effects in an individualized cell-culture-based approach. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 94:185-195. [PMID: 33607231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates the specific involvement of inflammatory processes in major depressive disorder (MDD), particularly affecting innate immunity. Most immune alterations have so far been determined based on plasma or cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels. To precisely characterize putative innate immune-mediated mechanisms in MDD pathogenesis, we sought to disentangle "state" from "trait" effects in a patient-specific cell model by quantifying the impact of patient-derived autologous sera (AS) on patient-specific monocyte-derived macrophages (Mo-MФs) polarization in vitro. Mo-MФs were generated from 28 patients with moderate to severe MDD and 28 age-, sex-, smoking status- and BMI-matched healthy controls (HC). Cells were treated either with AS or fetal calf serum (FCS) and polarized into M1 (LPS), M2 (IL-10, IL-4, TGF-β) or M0 (unstimulated) macrophages. Polarization capacity was quantified by means of specific M1 (CCR7, CD86, CXCL10, IL-12p70, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-12p40, IL-23, IP-10) and M2 (CD206, IL-10, TARC, IL-1RA) markers. Compared to HC, significantly increased M1-polarization was observed for MDD patients in the presence of FCS, however, polarization in AS enriched media determined an increased M2-polarization in patients. Moreover, female MDD patients exhibited increased M1- and decreased M2-polarization in both conditions compared to male MDD patients. Our data suggests that Mo-MФs derived from patients with MDD exhibit facilitated M1-polarization under traditional cell culture conditions and an increased potential for M2-polarization when cultured in AS. Striking inter-individual variation and pronounced gender effects highlight the potential utility of our personalized cell model-based approach to aid diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wan MW, Janta-Lipinski M, Osam CS. Childhood Allergies: The Role of Maternal Depression and Anxiety, and Family Strain. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8030185. [PMID: 33804405 PMCID: PMC7999446 DOI: 10.3390/children8030185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maternal mental disorder and a negative family emotional climate are a great source of stress for many children, yet their role in the childhood development or expression of asthma and allergies remains poorly understood, particularly beyond the first 1–2 years of life. The current study tested whether childhood allergy onset and symptomatology would be predicted by (1) perinatal and any time exposure to maternal depression or anxiety and (2) current family emotional strain (whole family, mother-child). UK mothers of children aged 2–12 years (N = 328) living with them completed an online survey of measures. Children exposed to maternal depression were almost twice as likely to be diagnosed and almost five times as likely to screen positive for an allergic disorder. Perinatal depression was linked to childhood allergies, but more moderately. Any anxiety exposure, and not specific to the perinatal period, predicted allergy status. Family emotional strain contributed independently to variance in concurrent child allergic symptomatology. All results were independent of potential confounders and current mental distress. The findings highlight the importance of maternal mental health and family function in the child’s neuro-immune development, and that these factors need to be addressed in the treatment of childhood allergic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wai Wan
- Perinatal Mental Health and Parenting Research Unit (PRIME-RU), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Centre for Women’s Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Molly Janta-Lipinski
- Perinatal Mental Health and Parenting Research Unit (PRIME-RU), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Cemre Su Osam
- Centre for Women’s Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Higher levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α are associated with an increased probability of major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113568. [PMID: 33199026 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating psychiatric disease. The dysregulated cytokines in depression are assumed due to the hyperactivation of the immune system. Here we aimed to evaluate the serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in MDD. This study recruited 87 MDD patients and 87 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). The increased levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α were observed among MDD patients. These higher levels of peripheral markers were positively correlated with the severity of depression. Therefore, the elevated levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α might be used as risk assessment indicators for depression.
Collapse
|
15
|
Single-cell mass cytometry of microglia in major depressive disorder reveals a non-inflammatory phenotype with increased homeostatic marker expression. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:310. [PMID: 32917850 PMCID: PMC7486938 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced disturbances of brain homeostasis and neuroinflammation have been implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. In major depressive disorder (MDD), elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines can be found in peripheral blood, but very little is known about the changes that occur directly in the brain. Microglia are the primary immune effector cells of the central nervous system and exquisitely sensitive to changes in the brain microenvironment. Here, we performed the first single-cell analysis of microglia from four different post-mortem brain regions (frontal lobe, temporal lobe, thalamus, and subventricular zone) of medicated individuals with MDD compared to controls. We found no evidence for the induction of inflammation-associated molecules, such as CD11b, CD45, CCL2, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, MIP-1β (CCL4), IL-10, and even decreased expression of HLA-DR and CD68 in microglia from MDD cases. In contrast, we detected increased levels of the homeostatic proteins P2Y12 receptor, TMEM119 and CCR5 (CD195) in microglia from all brain regions of individuals with MDD. We also identified enrichment of non-inflammatory CD206hi macrophages in the brains of MDD cases. In sum, our results suggest enhanced homeostatic functions of microglia in MDD.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou M, Aziz M, Ochani M, Wang P. Correction of immunosuppression in aged septic rats by human ghrelin and growth hormone through the vagus nerve-dependent inhibition of TGF-β production. Mol Med 2020; 26:71. [PMID: 32677895 PMCID: PMC7364485 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-administration of human ghrelin and growth hormone (GH) reverse immunosuppression in septic aged animals, but the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we hypothesize that ghrelin and GH co-treatment restores the immune response in aged septic rats by inhibiting the production of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an immunoregulatory cytokine, through the vagus nerve. METHODS Male aged Fischer rats (22-23-month-old) were made septic by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) with or without dissecting the vagus nerve (vagotomy). Human ghrelin and GH or vehicle (PBS) were administrated subcutaneously at 5 h post CLP. After 20 h of CLP, serum and spleens were harvested. RESULTS Serum TGF-β levels were increased in septic aged rats, while ghrelin and GH treatment significantly reduced its levels. Expression of TGF-β in the spleen was upregulated after sepsis, while ghrelin and GH treatment significantly inhibited its expression. TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly reduced after ex vivo LPS stimulation of splenocytes from rats that underwent CLP compared to sham rats; while these levels were significantly higher in splenocytes from ghrelin and GH-treated CLP rats compared to vehicle-treated CLP rats. Ghrelin and GH treatment reduced program death receptor-1 (PD-1) expression, increased human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression, attenuated lymphopenia, and cleaved caspase-3 levels in the spleen of septic aged rats. Vagotomy diminished the beneficial effects of ghrelin and GH treatment in septic rats. In vitro, the addition of ghrelin, GH, or ghrelin and GH together had no effect on restoring immune response in splenocytes from CLP rats following LPS stimulation, indicating the requirement of the vagus nerve for ghrelin and GH's effect. CONCLUSIONS Ghrelin and GH attenuate immunosuppression in aged septic rats through the vagus nerve-dependent inhibition of TGF-β production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mian Zhou
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Mahendar Ochani
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York USA
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Exercise ameliorates post-stroke depression by inhibiting PTEN elevation-mediated upregulation of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling in mice. Brain Res 2020; 1736:146777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
18
|
Petralia MC, Mazzon E, Fagone P, Basile MS, Lenzo V, Quattropani MC, Di Nuovo S, Bendtzen K, Nicoletti F. The cytokine network in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder. Close to translation? Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19:102504. [PMID: 32173514 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common condition that afflicts the general population across a broad spectrum of ages and social backgrounds. MDD has been identified by the World Health Organization as a leading cause of disability worldwide. Approximately 30% of patients are poor responsive to standard of care (SOC) treatment and novel therapeutic approaches are warranted. Since chronic inflammation, as it is often observed in certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, psoriasis and chronic arthritis, are accompanied by depression, it has been suggested that immunoinflammatory processes may be involved in the pathogenesis of MDD. Cytokines are a group of glycoproteins secreted from lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells that orchestrate immune responses. It has been suggested that a dysregulated production of cytokines may be implicated in the pathogenesis and maintenance of MDD. On the basis of their functions, cytokines can be subdivided in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Since abnormal blood and cerebrospinal fluid of both pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines are altered in MDD, it has been suggested that abnormal cytokine homeostasis may be implicated in the pathogenesis of MDD and possibly to induction of therapeutic resistance. We review current data that indicate that cytokines may represent a useful tool to identify MDD patients that may benefit from tailored immunotherapeutic approaches and may represent a potential tailored therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lenzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Santo Di Nuovo
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Brenner P, Citarella A, Wingård L, Sundström A. Use of antidepressants and benzodiazepine-related hypnotics before and after initiation of TNF-α inhibitors or non-biological systemic treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis. BMC Rheumatol 2020; 4:9. [PMID: 32072134 PMCID: PMC7014636 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-019-0106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are autoimmune disorders associated with an increased risk for depression, anxiety and sleeping problems. The objective of this study was to analyze use of antidepressants and benzodiazepine-related hypnotics (BRH) in Sweden before and after first time treatment with anti-TNF and non-biological systemic (NBS) treatments among patients with the above diagnoses, and to correlate such use with that of randomly selected population controls. Methods Patients and dispensed drugs were identified in nationwide Swedish healthcare registers. Proportions of subjects filling prescriptions of antidepressants and BRH from 2 years before start of treatment (index-date), and 2 years after index date were assessed. Using the period -6 months to index-date as reference, prevalence rate ratios were computed for 6 months' intervals before and after index. For up to ten randomly selected population controls per patient, the same measures were calculated. Results A total of 6256 patients started anti-TNF treatment, and 13,241 NBS treatment. The mean age at index was 52.0 for the anti-TNF group and 56.1 for NBS. Use of antidepressants and BRH was similar in both treatment groups (10.4-12.8%), significantly more common than in the controls (6.6 to 7.6%). For all patients, proportions filling prescriptions for antidepressants and BRH decreased directly or soon after the index; no such changes were seen in the controls, who all showed a slow but steady increase in use over time. Starters of anti-TNF treatment did not show clearer decreases in use of psychotropics than those initiating NBS. Conclusions Decreased rates of dispensed psychotropic drugs after the time of anti-TNF and NBS treatment initiation were seen among patients with autoimmune disorders but not population controls. This may correspond to treatment effects of anti-TNF and NBS also on psychiatric symptoms among these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Brenner
- Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Citarella
- Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Louise Wingård
- Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Sundström
- Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Alvarez-Mon MA, Gómez AM, Orozco A, Lahera G, Sosa MD, Diaz D, Auba E, Albillos A, Monserrat J, Alvarez-Mon M. Abnormal Distribution and Function of Circulating Monocytes and Enhanced Bacterial Translocation in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:812. [PMID: 31803077 PMCID: PMC6873610 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients experience a systemic inflammatory stage. Monocytes play an important role in innate inflammatory responses and may be modulated by bacterial translocation. Our aim was to investigate the subset distribution and function of circulating monocytes, levels of proinflammatory cytokines, gut barrier damage, and bacterial translocation in MDD patients. Methods: Twenty-two MDD patients without concomitant diseases and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were studied. The levels of circulating CD14++CD16- (classical), CD14++CD16++ (intermediate) and CD14-CD16++ (nonclassical) monocytes and the intracytoplasmic tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 expression in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation were analyzed by polychromatic flow cytometry. The serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured by Luminex. LPS-binding protein (LBP), intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), and zonulin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: MDD patients had a significant increase in the frequency of intermediate monocytes and a significant decrease in the frequency of classical monocytes compared to those in the healthy controls. MDD patients had a significantly increased percentage of classical monocytes that expressed IL-1β, intermediate monocytes that expressed IL-1β and IL6 and nonclassical monocytes that expressed IL-1β, and decreased levels of nonclassical monocytes that expressed IL6 compared to those in the healthy controls. MDD patients had significantly increased levels of circulating TNF-α, IL-1β, LBP, and I-FABP compared to those in the healthy controls. MDD patients with high LBP levels had a significant reduction in the number of circulating monocytes compared to that in the normal-LBP MDD patients, which can be mainly ascribed to a decrease in the number of intermediate and nonclassical monocytes. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that compared to the healthy controls, MDD patients show a marked alteration in circulating monocytes, with an expansion of the intermediate subset with increased frequency of IL-1β and IL-6 producing cells. These patients also exhibited a systemic proinflammatory state, which was characterized by the enhanced serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels compared to those in the healthy controls. Furthermore, MDD patients showed increased LBP and I-FABP levels compared to those in healthy controls, indicating increased bacterial translocation and gut barrier damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Gómez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arancha Orozco
- Division of Psychiatry, University Hospital “Principe de Asturias”, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sosa
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Diaz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Institute for Liver and Gut Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Auba
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Agustín Albillos
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Institute for Liver and Gut Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Service of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Ramón 80 y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Institute for Liver and Gut Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Institute for Liver and Gut Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases and Oncology, Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital “Príncipe de Asturias”, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fu S, Wang J, Hao C, Dang H, Jiang S. Tetramethylpyrazine ameliorates depression by inhibiting TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome signal pathway in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2173-2185. [PMID: 30847567 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common but serious mental illness; meanwhile, it is also an inflammatory disorder. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), as the pattern recognition receptor, has been shown to play a vital role in neuroinflammation. The nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome acts as an important signaling molecule downstream of TLR4 and can promote the maturation of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is a natural compound with neuroprotective effects but with unknown mechanisms on its antidepressant-like effect. In this study, we hypothesized that TMP ameliorates depression may be through the inhibition of the TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 signal pathway. Our results have shown that chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) that induced the decreased sucrose preference and increased immobile time was prominently reversed by TMP and fluoxetine. Additionally, we also found that CUMS induced the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines; TLR4 and NLRP3-associated proteins were significantly suppressed by TMP in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. TMP also exhibited potent antioxidant effects and increased the monoamine levels in the serum and brain, such as increasing the activity of SOD and GSH-Px, and reducing the activity of MDA in the serum, and elevating the 5-HT and NE concentration in the serum and brain. Moreover, treatment with Cli-095 (TLR4 inhibitor) also markedly inhibited CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors. Taken together, our findings suggested that TMP exerted a potential antidepressant-like effect in CUMS mice, and the molecular mechanisms may relate to inhibit the TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 signaling pathway in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songnian Fu
- Psychological Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Psychological Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chenguang Hao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Haihong Dang
- Psychological Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road, No. 137, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ascoli BM, Parisi MM, Bristot G, Antqueviezc B, Géa LP, Colombo R, Kapczinski F, Guma FTCR, Brietzke E, Barbé-Tuana FM, Rosa AR. Attenuated inflammatory response of monocyte-derived macrophage from patients with BD: a preliminary report. Int J Bipolar Disord 2019; 7:13. [PMID: 31152269 PMCID: PMC6544740 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-019-0148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate immune system dysfunction has been recognized as an important element in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). We aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the response of macrophages derived from patients in the early stages and late stages of BD and healthy subjects. METHODS Human monocytes purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with BD type I (n = 18)-further classified into early- and late stage BD patients according to their functioning- and from healthy individuals (n = 10) were differentiated into macrophages in vitro. Monocyte-derived macrophages (M) were exposed to IFNγ plus LPS-M(IFNγ + LPS)- or IL-4-M(IL-4)-to induce their polarization into the classical (also called M1) or alternative (also called M2) activation phenotypes, respectively; or either Mψ were not exposed to any stimuli characterizing the resting state (denominated M0). In vitro secretion of cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, was used as an index of macrophage activity. RESULTS M(IFNγ + LPS) from late-stage BD patients produced less amount of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 when compared to early-stage BD patients and healthy controls. Following alternative activation, M(IL-4) derived from late-stage patients secreted less IL-6 compared to the other groups. TNFα was less secreted by all macrophage phenotypes derived from late-stage patients when compared to healthy controls only (p < 0.005). Mψ from late-stage patients exhibited lower production of IL-1β and IL-10 compared to macrophages from healthy subjects and early-stage patients respectively. Interestingly, cytokines secretion from M(IFNγ + LPS), M(IL-4) and Mψ were similar between early-stage patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a progressive dysfunction in the response of peripheral innate immune cells of BD patients in the late stages of the illness. This failure in the regulation of the immune system function may be implicated in the multisystemic progression of BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna M Ascoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Parisi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Giovana Bristot
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Antqueviezc
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza P Géa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, UFRGS, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Colombo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Physiology, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Fátima Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology of Lipids, Department of Biochemistry, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Mood Disorders Molecular and Behavioral Neurosciences Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (USP), Rua Sena Madureira, 1500, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Florencia M Barbé-Tuana
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane R Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, UFRGS, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Villas Boas GR, Boerngen de Lacerda R, Paes MM, Gubert P, Almeida WLDC, Rescia VC, de Carvalho PMG, de Carvalho AAV, Oesterreich SA. Molecular aspects of depression: A review from neurobiology to treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 851:99-121. [PMID: 30776369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as unipolar depression, is one of the leading causes of disability and disease worldwide. The signs and symptoms are low self‑esteem, anhedonia, feeling of worthlessness, sense of rejection and guilt, suicidal thoughts, among others. This review focuses on studies with molecular-based approaches involving MDD to obtain an integrated, more detailed and comprehensive view of the brain changes produced by this disorder and its treatment and how the Central Nervous System (CNS) produces neuroplasticity to orchestrate adaptive defensive behaviors. This article integrates affective neuroscience, psychopharmacology, neuroanatomy and molecular biology data. In addition, there are two problems with current MDD treatments, namely: 1) Low rates of responsiveness to antidepressants and too slow onset of therapeutic effect; 2) Increased stress vulnerability and autonomy, which reduces the responses of currently available treatments. In the present review, we encourage the prospection of new bioactive agents for the development of treatments with post-transduction mechanisms, neurogenesis and pharmacogenetics inducers that bring greater benefits, with reduced risks and maximized access to patients, stimulating the field of research on mood disorders in order to use the potential of preclinical studies. For this purpose, improved animal models that incorporate the molecular and anatomical tools currently available can be applied. Besides, we encourage the study of drugs that do not present "classical application" as antidepressants, (e.g., the dissociative anesthetic ketamine and dextromethorphan) and drugs that have dual action mechanisms since they represent potential targets for novel drug development more useful for the treatment of MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Roberto Villas Boas
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados Rodovia Dourados, Itahum Km 12, Cidade Universitaria, Caixa. postal 364, CEP 79804-970, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Roseli Boerngen de Lacerda
- Department of Pharmacology of the Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, Caixa. postal 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Marina Meirelles Paes
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Gubert
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Luis da Cruz Almeida
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Cristina Rescia
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Pablinny Moreira Galdino de Carvalho
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Adryano Augustto Valladao de Carvalho
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Aparecida Oesterreich
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados Rodovia Dourados, Itahum Km 12, Cidade Universitaria, Caixa. postal 364, CEP 79804-970, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Leite F, Leite Â, Rasini E, Gaiazzi M, Ribeiro L, Marino F, Cosentino M. Dopaminergic pathways in obesity-associated immuno-metabolic depression. Psychol Med 2018; 48:2273-2275. [PMID: 29909811 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718001587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Leite
- Department of Clinical Haematology,Centro Hospitalar do Porto,Porto,Portugal
| | - Ângela Leite
- Laureate International Universities, Universidade Europeia,Lisbon,Portugal
| | - Emanuela Rasini
- Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria,Varese,Italy
| | - Michela Gaiazzi
- Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria,Varese,Italy
| | - Laura Ribeiro
- Department of Public Health Sciences,Forensic and Medical Education,Faculty of Medicine,University of Porto,Porto,Portugal
| | - Franca Marino
- Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria,Varese,Italy
| | - Marco Cosentino
- Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria,Varese,Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ishiguro H, Horiuchi Y, Tabata K, Liu QR, Arinami T, Onaivi ES. Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Gene and Environmental Interaction in the Development of Psychiatric Disorders. Molecules 2018; 23:E1836. [PMID: 30042304 PMCID: PMC6114128 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CB2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) gene is associated with depression. We investigated the gene-environment interaction between CB2R function and diverse stressors. First, anxiety-like behavior during chronic-mild-stress (CMS) was evaluated in C57BL/6JJmsSlc mice following treatment with CB2R agonist JWH015 or inverse-agonist AM630. Second, locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior were measured following exposure to an immune poly I:C stressor. Gene expressions of HPA axis related molecules, Fkbp5, Nr3c1 and Crf and pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-1b, as well as Bdnf as a key neurotrophin that supports neuron health, function, and synaptic plasticity, were determined in hippocampus of Cnr2 knockout mice, as indicators of stressful environment. CMS-induced anxiety-like behavior was enhanced by AM630 and reduced by JWH015 and fluvoxamine. Poly I:C reduced locomotor activity and increased anxiety-like behavior, and these effects were pronounced in the heterozygote than in the wild type mice. Fkbp5 and Nr3c1 expression were lower in the Cnr2 heterozygotes than in the wild type mice with Poly I:C treatment. These findings indicate that interaction between CB2R gene and stressors increases the risk of depression-like behaviors that may be linked with neuro-immune crosstalk. Further studies in human subjects are necessary to determine the role of CB2R and environmental interaction in the development of depression.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anxiety/chemically induced
- Anxiety/genetics
- Anxiety/immunology
- Anxiety/physiopathology
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/immunology
- Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics
- Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/immunology
- Depression/chemically induced
- Depression/genetics
- Depression/immunology
- Depression/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene-Environment Interaction
- Hippocampus/drug effects
- Hippocampus/immunology
- Hippocampus/physiopathology
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/immunology
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology
- Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/immunology
- Locomotion/drug effects
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/drug effects
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/immunology
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiopathology
- Poly I-C/administration & dosage
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/deficiency
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/immunology
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/genetics
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ishiguro
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Ethics, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Yasue Horiuchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Koichi Tabata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Ethics, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Qing-Rong Liu
- National Institute on Aging-IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Tadao Arinami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Emmanuel S Onaivi
- Department of Biology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang R, Wang W, Xu J, Liu D, Jiang H, Pan F. Dynamic Effects of Early Adolescent Stress on Depressive-Like Behaviors and Expression of Cytokines and JMJD3 in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rats. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:471. [PMID: 30364220 PMCID: PMC6193509 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Expression of inflammatory cytokines in the brain has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of and susceptibility to depression. Jumonji domain-containing 3 (Jmjd3), which is a histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylase and can regulate microglial activation, has been regarded as a crucial element in the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, recent studies highlighted the fact that lipopolysaccharides induce depressive-like behaviors and higher Jmjd3 expression and lower H3K27me3 expression in the brain. However, whether the process of Jmjd3 mediating inflammatory cytokines was involved in the susceptibility to depression due to early-life stress remained elusive. Methods: Rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in adolescence were used in order to detect dynamic alterations in depressive-like behaviors and expression of cytokines, Jmjd3, and H3K27me3 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Moreover, minocycline, an inhibitor of microglial activation, was employed to observe the protective effects. Results: Our results showed that CUMS during the adolescent period induced depressive-like behaviors, over-expression of cytokines, and increased Jmjd3 and decreased H3K27me3 expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of both adolescent and adult rats. However, minocycline relieved all the alterations. Conclusion: The study revealed that Jmjd3 might be involved in the susceptibility to depressive-like behaviors by modulating H3K27me3 and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats that had been stressed during early adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|