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Wang Z, Kwan ML, Haque R, Singh PK, Goniewicz M, Pratt R, Lee VS, Roh JM, Ergas IJ, Cannavale KL, Loo RK, Aaronson DS, Quesenberry CP, Zhang Y, Ambrosone CB, Kushi LH, Tang L. Modifying Effects of Genetic Variations on the Association Between Dietary Isothiocyanate Exposure and Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Prognosis in the Be-Well Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400087. [PMID: 38581346 PMCID: PMC11272391 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Dietary isothiocyanate (ITC) exposure from cruciferous vegetable (CV) intake may improve non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) prognosis. This study aims to investigate whether genetic variations in key ITC-metabolizing/functioning genes modify the associations between dietary ITC exposure and NMIBC prognosis outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS In the Bladder Cancer Epidemiology, Wellness, and Lifestyle Study (Be-Well Study), a prospective cohort of 1472 incident NMIBC patients, dietary ITC exposure is assessed by self-reported CV intake and measured in plasma ITC-albumin adducts. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, stratified by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine key ITC-metabolizing/functioning genes, it is calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for recurrence and progression. The rs15561 in N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) is alter the association between CV intake and progression risk. Multiple SNPs in nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) are modify the associations between plasma ITC-albumin adduct level and progression risk (pint < 0.05). No significant association is observed with recurrence risk. Overall, >80% study participants are present with at least one protective genotype per gene, showing an average 65% reduction in progression risk with high dietary ITC exposure. CONCLUSION Despite that genetic variations in ITC-metabolizing/functioning genes may modify the effect of dietary ITCs on NMIBC prognosis, dietary recommendation of CV consumption may help improve NMIBC survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinian Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Marilyn L. Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Reina Haque
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA
- Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Department of Health Systems Science, Pasadena, CA
| | - Prashant K. Singh
- Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Maciej Goniewicz
- Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Rachel Pratt
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Valerie S. Lee
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Janise M. Roh
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Isaac J. Ergas
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Kimberly L. Cannavale
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA
| | - Ronald K. Loo
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Downey Medical Center, Downey, CA
| | - David S. Aaronson
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA
| | | | - Yuesheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Lawrence H. Kushi
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
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Bacil GP, Romualdo GR, Rodrigues J, Barbisan LF. Indole-3-carbinol and chlorogenic acid combination modulates gut microbiome and attenuates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a murine model. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113513. [PMID: 37986509 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting almost 32% of the population and ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recent findings indicate that the fast-growing prevalence of NAFLD might be linked to adherence to a Westernized diet (WD), mostly composed of fat/sugar-enriched foods. The WD has been reportedly targeted as a potential driver of gut-liver axis unbalance, suggesting a major role in NASH. On the other hand, bioactive food compounds feature as a potential chemopreventive strategy against NASH, due to their beneficial effects (i.e, anti-inflammatory/oxidant activity and modulation of gut microbiome). Brassicaceae vegetables are known for their high amount of isothiocyanates and polyphenols, as indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and chlorogenic acid (CGA). Thus, we sought to assess the effects of human relevant doses of I3C and CGA isolated or in combination (5/125 mg/Kg of body weight, respectively) on a diet/chemical-induced murine model of NASH. I3C + CGA oral treatment diminished NAFLD activity score (NAS) (p < 0.0001), as well as alleviated the hepatic lipid (p = 0.0011) accumulation, prevented hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation (p < 0.0001), and subsequent fibrosis (p < 0.0001). The combination also reduced the number of both hepatic CD68-positive macrophages (p < 0.0001) and cleaved caspase-3 hepatocytes (p < 0.0001) and diminished the malondialdehyde levels (p = 0.0155). Additionally, the combination of I3C + CGA restored the relative abundance of Alistipes (p = 0.0299), Allobaculum (p = 0.0014), Bacteroides (p = 0.0046), and Odoribacter (p = 0.0030) bacteria genera on the gut microbiome. Taken together, these findings show that the combination of I3C + CGA at populational-relevant ingestion, rather than the I3C or CGA alone, was able to modulate gut microbiome and attenuate NASH in this hybrid model mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel P Bacil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R Romualdo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Josias Rodrigues
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiome and Bacterian Genomics (LMGB), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luís F Barbisan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Wang Z, Kwan ML, Haque R, Goniewicz M, Pratt R, Lee VS, Roh JM, Ergas IJ, Cannavale KL, Loo RK, Aaronson DS, Quesenberry CP, Zhang Y, Ambrosone CB, Kushi LH, Tang L. Associations of dietary isothiocyanate exposure from cruciferous vegetable consumption with recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: findings from the Be-Well Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:1110-1120. [PMID: 37044209 PMCID: PMC10447500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High recurrence and progression rates are major clinical challenges for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Dietary isothiocyanates (ITCs), phytochemicals primarily from cruciferous vegetables (CV), show strong anticancer activities in preclinical BC models, yet their effect on NMIBC prognosis remains unknown. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the associations of dietary ITC exposure at diagnosis with NMIBC recurrence and progression. METHODS The study analyzed 1143 participants from the Be-Well study, a prospective cohort of newly diagnosed NMIBC cases in 2015-2019 with no prior history of BC. Dietary ITC exposure was indicated by self-reported CV intake, estimated ITC intake, urinary metabolites, and plasma ITC-albumin adducts. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for recurrence and progression, and unconditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for delayed and multiple recurrence. RESULTS Over a mean follow-up of 25 mo, 347 (30%) developed recurrence and 77 (6.7%) had disease progression. Despite no significant associations with the overall risk of recurrence, urinary ITC metabolites (OR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.01, 4.43) and dietary ITC intake (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.03, 4.50) were associated with late recurrence after 12-mo postdiagnosis compared with before 12-mo postdiagnosis. Raw CV intake was associated with reduced odds of having ≥2 recurrences compared with having one (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.68). Higher plasma concentrations of ITC-albumin adducts were associated with a reduced risk of progression, including progression to muscle-invasive disease (for benzyl ITC, HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.93; for phenethyl ITC, HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.86). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate the possible beneficial role of dietary ITCs in NMIBC prognosis. Given the compelling preclinical evidence, increasing dietary ITC exposure with CV intake could be a promising strategy to attenuate recurrence and progression risks in patients with NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinian Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Marilyn L Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Reina Haque
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States; Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Maciej Goniewicz
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Rachel Pratt
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Valerie S Lee
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Janise M Roh
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Isaac J Ergas
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Kimberly L Cannavale
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Ronald K Loo
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Downey Medical Center, Downey, CA, United States
| | - David S Aaronson
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Charles P Quesenberry
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Yuesheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Lawrence H Kushi
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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Vermillion Maier ML, Siddens LK, Pennington JM, Uesugi SL, Tilton SC, Vertel EA, Anderson KA, Tidwell LG, Ognibene TJ, Turteltaub KW, Smith JN, Williams DE. Benzo[a]pyrene toxicokinetics in humans following dietary supplementation with 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) or Brussels sprouts. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 460:116377. [PMID: 36642108 PMCID: PMC9946811 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing the atto-zeptomole sensitivity of UPLC-accelerator mass spectrometry (UPLC-AMS), we previously demonstrated significant first-pass metabolism following escalating (25-250 ng) oral micro-dosing in humans of [14C]-benzo[a]pyrene ([14C]-BaP). The present study examines the potential for supplementation with Brussels sprouts (BS) or 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) to alter plasma levels of [14C]-BaP and metabolites over a 48-h period following micro-dosing with 50 ng (5.4 nCi) [14C]-BaP. Volunteers were dosed with [14C]-BaP following fourteen days on a cruciferous vegetable restricted diet, or the same diet supplemented for seven days with 50 g of BS or 300 mg of BR-DIM® prior to dosing. BS or DIM reduced total [14C] recovered from plasma by 56-67% relative to non-intervention. Dietary supplementation with DIM markedly increased Tmax and reduced Cmax for [14C]-BaP indicative of slower absorption. Both dietary treatments significantly reduced Cmax values of four downstream BaP metabolites, consistent with delaying BaP absorption. Dietary treatments also appeared to reduce the T1/2 and the plasma AUC(0,∞) for Unknown Metabolite C, indicating some effect in accelerating clearance of this metabolite. Toxicokinetic constants for other metabolites followed the pattern for [14C]-BaP (metabolite profiles remained relatively consistent) and non-compartmental analysis did not indicate other significant alterations. Significant amounts of metabolites in plasma were at the bay region of [14C]-BaP irrespective of treatment. Although the number of subjects and large interindividual variation are limitations of this study, it represents the first human trial showing dietary intervention altering toxicokinetics of a defined dose of a known human carcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Vermillion Maier
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, ALS 1007, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Lisbeth K Siddens
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Jamie M Pennington
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Sandra L Uesugi
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Susan C Tilton
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; NIEHS Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Emily A Vertel
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; NIEHS Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Lane G Tidwell
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Ted J Ognibene
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Kenneth W Turteltaub
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Biology and Biotechnology Research Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Jordan N Smith
- NIEHS Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Chemical Biology and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - David E Williams
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; NIEHS Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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Kwan ML, Haque R, Young-Wolff KC, Lee VS, Roh JM, Ergas IJ, Wang Z, Cannavale KL, Ambrosone CB, Loo RK, Aaronson DS, Quesenberry CP, Kushi LH, Tang L. Smoking Behaviors and Prognosis in Patients With Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in the Be-Well Study. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2244430. [PMID: 36449286 PMCID: PMC9713602 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.44430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Tobacco smoking is an established risk factor associated with bladder cancer, yet its impact on bladder cancer prognosis is unclear. Objective To examine associations of use of tobacco (cigarettes, pipes, and cigars), e-cigarettes, and marijuana with risk of recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and to explore use of smoking cessation interventions. Design, Setting, and Participants The Be-Well Study is a prospective cohort study of patients with NMIBC diagnosed from 2015 to 2019 and followed-up for 26.4 months in the Kaiser Permanente Northern and Southern California integrated health care system. Eligibility criteria were age at least 21 years, first NMIBC diagnosis (stages Ta, Tis, or T1), alive, and not in hospice care. Exclusion criteria were previous diagnosis of bladder cancer or other cancer diagnoses within 1 year prior to or concurrent with NMIBC diagnosis. Data were analyzed from April 1 to October 4, 2022. Exposures Use of cigarettes, pipes, cigars, e-cigarettes, and marijuana was reported in the baseline interview. Use of smoking cessation interventions (counseling and medications) was derived from electronic health records. Main Outcomes and Measures Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of recurrence and progression of bladder cancer were estimated by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Results A total of 1472 patients (mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 70.2 [10.8%] years; 1129 [76.7%] male patients) with NMIBC were enrolled at a mean (SD) of 2.3 (1.3) months after diagnosis, including 874 patients (59.4%) who were former smokers and 111 patients (7.5%) who were current cigarette smokers; 67 patients (13.7%) smoked pipes and/or cigars only, 65 patients (4.4%) used e-cigarettes, 363 patients (24.7%) used marijuana. Longer cigarette smoking duration and more pack-years were associated with higher risk of recurrence in a dose-dependent manner, with the highest risks for patients who had smoked for 40 or more years (HR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.43-3.91) or 40 or more pack-years (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.32-2.95). There was no association of having ever smoked, being a former or current cigarette smoker, and years since quit smoking with recurrence risk. No associations with pipes, cigars, e-cigarettes, or marijuana were found. Of 102 patients offered a smoking cessation intervention, 57 (53.8%) received an interventions after diagnosis, with female patients more likely than male patients to engage in such interventions (23 of 30 female patients [76.7%] vs 34 of 76 male patients [44.7%]; P = .003). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that longer duration and more pack-years of cigarette smoking were associated with higher risk of NMIBC recurrence. Cigarette smoking remains a critical exposure before and after diagnosis in survivors of NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn L. Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Reina Haque
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California
| | | | - Valerie S. Lee
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Janise M. Roh
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Isaac J. Ergas
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Zinian Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kimberly L. Cannavale
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Ronald K. Loo
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Downey Medical Center, Downey, California
| | - David S. Aaronson
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California
| | | | - Lawrence H. Kushi
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Accumulation of Sulforaphane and Alliin in Human Prostate Tissue. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163263. [PMID: 36014767 PMCID: PMC9415180 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in cruciferous vegetables have been associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of prostate cancer. Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate derived from 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin) that accumulates in certain of these vegetables, notably broccoli, has been implicated in their protective effects. Likewise, the consumption of garlic and its sulphur-containing compounds such as alliin have been associated with a reduction in risk of prostate cancer. In this study, we tested whether consuming glucoraphanin derived from broccoli seeds and alliin derived from garlic resulted in the occurrence of these potential bioactive compounds in the prostate, which may contribute to our understanding of the putative protective effects of these dietary components. We recruited 42 men scheduled for a trans-perineal prostate biopsy into a randomised, double-blinded, 2 × 2-factorial dietary supplement four-week intervention study, and 39 completed the study. The two active interventions were supplements providing glucoraphanin from broccoli (BroccoMax®) and alliin from garlic (Kwai Heartcare®). Following the intervention, prostate biopsy tissue was analysed for the presence of sulforaphane and its thiol conjugates and for alliin and associated metabolites. Sulforaphane occurred in significantly higher levels in the prostate tissue (both within the transition and peripheral zone) of men consuming the glucoraphanin containing supplements (p < 0.0001) compared to men not consuming these supplements. However, while alliin and alliin-derived metabolites were detected within the prostate, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of these compounds in the prostate of men consuming supplements derived from garlic compared to men not consuming these supplements.
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Bacil GP, Cogliati B, Cardoso DR, Barbisan LF, Romualdo GR. Are isothiocyanates and polyphenols from Brassicaceae vegetables emerging as preventive/therapeutic strategies for NAFLD? The landscape of recent preclinical findings. Food Funct 2022; 13:8348-8362. [PMID: 35899794 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01488b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a lipid impairment-related chronic metabolic disease that affects almost 25% of the worldwide population and has become the leading cause of liver transplantation in the United States of America (USA). NAFLD may progress from simple hepatic steatosis (HS) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which occurs simultaneously in an inflammatory and fibrotic microenvironment and affects approximately 5% of the global population. Recently, NASH has been suggested to be a relevant driver in progressive liver cirrhosis and a population-attributable factor in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Moreover, predictions show that NAFLD-related annual health costs in the USA have reached ∼$100 bi., but effective therapies are still scarce. Thus, new preventative strategies for this hepatic disease urgently need to be developed. The Brassicaceae vegetable family includes almost 350 genera and 3500 species and these are one of the main types of vegetables harvested and produced worldwide. These vegetables are well-known sources of glucobrassicin-derivative molecules, such as isothiocyanates and phenolic compounds, which have shown antioxidant and antilipogenic effects in preclinical NAFLD data. In this review, we gathered prominent evidence of the in vivo and in vitro effects of these vegetable-derived nutraceutical compounds on the gut-liver-adipose axis, which is a well-known regulator of NAFLD and may represent a new strategy for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel P Bacil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- University of São Paulo (USP), School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel R Cardoso
- University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R Romualdo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. .,São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, SP, Brazil
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8
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Gajari D, Rumbak I, Ranilović J, Tomić-Obrdalj H. Application of a salt substitute in bitter taste suppression and toward better acceptance of cruciferous vegetables in diet. Appetite 2022; 173:105996. [PMID: 35276254 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The addition of table salt has been reported to enable better acceptance when consuming the least preferred vegetables belonging to the Cruciferae family. Considering the adverse effect of excessive table salt intake on incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, it is essential to explore an alternative healthier option for better acceptance and to encourage consumption of these vegetables. In this study, 261 adult participants were evaluated for their preferences toward basic tastes and food as well as sensory evaluation of a meal prepared from cruciferous vegetables with the addition of two different salts, sodium chloride and salt substitute containing a blend of potassium and sodium salts. A general questionnaire was used to assess taste and food preferences, while the Cruciferous Vegetable Food Frequency Questionnaire (CVFFQ) was used for vegetable intake assessment. The Labeled Magnitude Scale (LMS), Just About Right (JAR) scale, and several hedonic scales were used to determine taster status and sensory evaluation. The results show that a low concentration of the salt substitute did not impact bitterness suppression but did result in higher preference of the cruciferous vegetable meal. Although, subjects self-reported to have salty taste preferences were more sensitive to bitter taste, they did not perceive samples as less salty and less acceptable than subjects with lower sensitivity. The results show the necessity for further examination of the effectiveness of different concentrations of the assessed salt substitute in suppressing perceived bitterness of cruciferous vegetables and regarding their overall acceptance for inclusion in diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davorka Gajari
- Research and Development, Podravka Inc, Ante Starčevića 31, 48000, Koprivnica, Croatia.
| | - Ivana Rumbak
- Laboratory for Nutrition Science, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Ranilović
- Research and Development, Podravka Inc, Ante Starčevića 31, 48000, Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Helena Tomić-Obrdalj
- Research and Development, Podravka Inc, Ante Starčevića 31, 48000, Koprivnica, Croatia
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Wang Z, Kwan ML, Pratt R, Roh JM, Kushi LH, Danforth KN, Zhang Y, Ambrosone CB, Tang L. Effects of cooking methods on total isothiocyanate yield from cruciferous vegetables. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5673-5682. [PMID: 33133569 PMCID: PMC7590320 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables are primary sources of dietary isothiocyanates (ITCs), a group of phytochemicals showing promising cancer-chemopreventive activities in multiple cancer models. However, no study has thoroughly examined how cooking affects the yields of ITCs from cruciferous vegetables. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based cyclocondensation assay was performed to examine the ITC yields from four major cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and kale) under six cooking conditions (stir-frying, steaming, microwaving, boiling, stewing, and chip-baking for kale only) and measured the level of ITCs under the raw condition for a comprehensive list of cruciferous vegetables and ITC-containing condiments. A wide range of ITC yields was found across vegetables and condiments. Cooking significantly altered the ITC yields, showing an averagely four-fold increase by lightly cooking (stir-frying, steaming, and microwaving) and a 58% decrease by heavily cooking (boiling, stewing, and chip-baking). These findings will provide the evidence-based cooking guidance on cruciferous vegetable consumption and help better estimate dietary ITC exposure in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinian Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and ControlRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
| | - Marilyn L. Kwan
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | - Rachel Pratt
- Department of Cancer Prevention and ControlRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
| | - Janise M. Roh
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | - Lawrence H. Kushi
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | - Kim N. Danforth
- Department of Research and EvaluationKaiser Permanente Southern CaliforniaPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Yuesheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and ControlRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and ControlRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
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10
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11
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Clarke ED, Rollo ME, Pezdirc K, Collins CE, Haslam RL. Urinary biomarkers of dietary intake: a review. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:364-381. [PMID: 31670796 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary intakes are commonly assessed by established methods including food frequency questionnaires, food records, or recalls. These self-report methods have limitations impacting validity and reliability. Dietary biomarkers provide objective verification of self-reported food intakes, and represent a rapidly evolving area. This review aims to summarize the urinary biomarkers of individual foods, food groups, dietary patterns, or nutritional supplements that have been evaluated to date. Six electronic databases were searched. Included studies involved healthy populations, were published from 2000, and compared measured dietary intake with urinary markers. The initial search identified 9985 studies; of these, 616 full texts were retrieved and 109 full texts were included. Of the included studies, 67 foods and food components were studied, and 347 unique urinary biomarkers were identified. The most reliable biomarkers identified were whole grains (alkylresorcinols), soy (isoflavones), and sugar (sucrose and fructose). While numerous novel urinary biomarkers have been identified, further validation studies are warranted to verify the accuracy of self-reported intakes and utility within practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D Clarke
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan E Rollo
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristine Pezdirc
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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12
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Kuran D, Pogorzelska A, Wiktorska K. Breast Cancer Prevention-Is there a Future for Sulforaphane and Its Analogs? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061559. [PMID: 32471217 PMCID: PMC7352481 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women worldwide. There are several recommended methods of breast cancer prevention, including chemoprevention. There are several approved drugs used to prevent breast cancer occurrence or recurrence and metastasizing. There are also a number of new substances undergoing clinical trials and at the stage of initial study. Studies suggest that dietary factors play a crucial role in breast cancer etiology. Epidemiological studies indicate that in particular vegetables from the Brassicaceae family are a rich source of chemopreventive substances, with sulforaphane (SFN) being one of the most widely studied and characterized. This review discusses potential applicability of SFN in breast cancer chemoprevention. A comprehensive review of the literature on the impact of SFN on molecular signalling pathways in breast cancer and breast untransformed cells is presented. The presented results of in vitro and in vivo studies show that this molecule has a potential to act as a preventive molecule either to prevent disease development or recurrence and metastasizing, and as a compound protecting normal cells against the toxic effects of cytostatics. Finally, the still scanty attempts to develop an improved analog are also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kuran
- Department of Pharmacology, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Pogorzelska
- Department of Drug Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Wiktorska
- Department of Drug Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland;
- OncoBoost Ltd., 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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13
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Pongrac P, Fischer S, Thompson JA, Wright G, White PJ. Early Responses of Brassica oleracea Roots to Zinc Supply Under Sufficient and Sub-Optimal Phosphorus Supply. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1645. [PMID: 31998335 PMCID: PMC6962232 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Shoot zinc (Zn) concentration in Brassica oleracea is affected by soil Zn and phosphorus (P) supply. Most problematic is the negative impact of P fertilizers on Zn concentrations in crops, which makes balancing yield and mineral quality challenging. To evaluate early molecular mechanisms involved in the accumulation of large shoot Zn concentrations regardless of the P supply, two B. oleracea accessions differing in root architecture and root exudates were grown hydroponically for two weeks with different combinations of P and Zn supply. Ionome profiling and deep RNA sequencing of roots revealed interactions of P and Zn in planta, without apparent phenotypic effects. In addition, increasing P supply did not reduce tissue Zn concentration. Substantial changes in gene expression in response to different P and/or Zn supplies in roots of both accessions ensured nutritionally sufficient P and Zn uptake. Numerous genes were differentially expressed after changing Zn or P supply and most of them were unique to only one accession, highlighting their different strategies in achieving nutrient sufficiency. Thus, different gene networks responded to the changing P and Zn supply in the two accessions. Additionally, enrichment analysis of gene ontology classes revealed that genes involved in lipid metabolism, response to starvation, and anion transport mechanisms were most responsive to differences in P and Zn supply in both accessions. The results agreed with previously studies demonstrating alterations in P and Zn transport and phospholipid metabolism in response to reduced P and Zn supply. It is anticipated that improved knowledge of genes responsive to P or Zn supply will help illuminate the roles in uptake and accumulation of P and Zn and might identify candidate genes for breeding high-yield-high-Zn brassicas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pongrac
- Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Low and Medium Energy Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sina Fischer
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gladys Wright
- Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J. White
- Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Coode‐Bate J, Sivapalan T, Melchini A, Saha S, Needs PW, Dainty JR, Maicha J, Beasy G, Traka MH, Mills RD, Ball RY, Mithen RF. Accumulation of Dietary S-Methyl Cysteine Sulfoxide in Human Prostate Tissue. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900461. [PMID: 31410992 PMCID: PMC6856681 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Observational studies have associated consumption of cruciferous vegetables with reduced risk of prostate cancer. This effect has been associated with the degradation products of glucosinolates-thioglycosides that accumulate within crucifers. The possible role of S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide, a metabolite that also accumulates in cruciferous vegetables, and its derivatives, in cancer prevention is relatively unexplored compared to glucosinolate derivatives. The hypothesis that consuming a broccoli soup results in the accumulation of sulfate (a SMCSO derivative) and other broccoli-derived metabolites in prostate tissue is tested. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighteen men scheduled for transperineal prostate biopsy were recruited into a 4-week parallel single blinded diet supplementation study (NCT02821728). Nine men supplemented their diet with three 300 mL portions of a broccoli soup each week for four weeks prior to surgery. Analyses of prostate biopsy tissues reveal no detectable levels of glucosinolates and derivatives. In contrast, SMCSO is detected in prostate tissues of the participants, with significantly higher levels in tissue of men in the supplementation arm. SMCSO was also found in blood and urine samples from a previous intervention study with the identical broccoli soup. CONCLUSION The consequences of SMCSO accumulation in prostate tissues and its potential role in prevention of prostate cancer remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shikha Saha
- Quadram Institute BioscienceColney LaneNorwichNR4 7UQUK
| | - Paul W. Needs
- Quadram Institute BioscienceColney LaneNorwichNR4 7UQUK
| | | | | | - Gemma Beasy
- Quadram Institute BioscienceColney LaneNorwichNR4 7UQUK
| | | | - Robert D. Mills
- Department of UrologyNorfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNorwichUK
| | - Richard Y. Ball
- Norfolk and Waveney Cellular Pathology ServiceNorfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNorwichUK
| | - Richard F. Mithen
- Quadram Institute BioscienceColney LaneNorwichNR4 7UQUK
- The Liggins InstituteUniversity of AucklandNew Zealand
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15
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The Be-Well Study: a prospective cohort study of lifestyle and genetic factors to reduce the risk of recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:187-193. [PMID: 30656539 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-1130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bladder cancer is one of the top five cancers diagnosed in the U.S. with a high recurrence rate, and also one of the most expensive cancers to treat over the life-course. However, there are few observational, prospective studies of bladder cancer survivors. METHODS The Bladder Cancer Epidemiology, Wellness, and Lifestyle Study (Be-Well Study) is a National Cancer Institute-funded, multi-center prospective cohort study of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients (Stage Ta, T1, Tis) enrolled from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) and Southern California (KPSC) health care systems, with genotyping and biomarker assays performed at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center. The goal is to investigate diet and lifestyle factors in recurrence and progression of NMIBC, with genetic profiles considered, and to build a resource for future NMIBC studies. RESULTS Recruitment began in February 2015. As of 30 June 2018, 1,281 patients completed the baseline interview (774 KPNC, 511 KPSC) with a recruitment rate of 54%, of whom 77% were male and 23% female, and 80% White, 6% Black, 8% Hispanic, 5% Asian, and 2% other race/ethnicity. Most patients were diagnosed with Ta (69%) or T1 (27%) tumors. Urine and blood specimens were collected from 67% and 73% of consented patients at baseline, respectively. To date, 599 and 261 patients have completed the 12- and 24-month follow-up questionnaires, respectively, with additional urine and saliva collection. CONCLUSIONS The Be-Well Study will be able to answer novel questions related to diet, other lifestyle, and genetic factors and their relationship to recurrence and progression among early-stage bladder cancer patients.
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16
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Nomura SJO, Hwang YT, Gomez SL, Fung TT, Yeh SL, Dash C, Allen L, Philips S, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Zheng YL, Wang JHY. Dietary intake of soy and cruciferous vegetables and treatment-related symptoms in Chinese-American and non-Hispanic White breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 168:467-479. [PMID: 29230660 PMCID: PMC5928523 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This project was undertaken to examine the association between dietary intake of soy or cruciferous vegetables and breast cancer treatment-related symptoms among Chinese-American (CA) and Non-Hispanic White (NHW) breast cancer survivors. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 192 CA and 173 NHW female breast cancer survivors (stages 0-III, diagnosed between 2006 and 2012) recruited from two California cancer registries, who had completed primary treatment. Patient-reported data on treatment-related symptoms and potential covariates were collected via telephone interviews. Dietary data were ascertained by mailed questionnaires. The outcomes evaluated were menopausal symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, vaginal discharge), joint problems, fatigue, hair thinning/loss, and memory problems. Associations between soy and cruciferous vegetables and symptoms were assessed using logistic regression. Analyses were further stratified by race/ethnicity and endocrine therapy usage (non-user, tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors). RESULTS Soy food and cruciferous vegetable intake ranged from no intake to 431 and 865 g/day, respectively, and was higher in CA survivors. Higher soy food intake was associated with lower odds of menopausal symptoms (≥ 24.0 vs. 0 g/day, OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.25, 1.03), and fatigue (≥ 24.0 vs. 0 g/day, OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.22, 0.84). However, when stratified by race/ethnicity, associations were statistically significant in NHW survivors only. Compared with low intake, higher cruciferous vegetable intake was associated with lower odds of experiencing menopausal symptoms (≥ 70.8 vs. < 33.0 g/day, OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.25, 0.97) in the overall population. CONCLUSIONS In this population of breast cancer survivors, higher soy and cruciferous vegetable intake was associated with less treatment-related menopausal symptoms and fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J O Nomura
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, D.C., 20057, USA
| | - Yi-Ting Hwang
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Teresa T Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Nutrition, Chang Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiranjeev Dash
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, D.C., 20057, USA
| | - Laura Allen
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Serena Philips
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| | - Leena Hilakivi-Clarke
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, D.C., 20057, USA
| | - Yun-Ling Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, D.C., 20057, USA
| | - Judy Huei-Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, D.C., 20057, USA.
- , 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW, Suite 4100, Washington, D.C., 20007, USA.
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17
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Atwell LL, Zhang Z, Mori M, Farris P, Vetto JT, Naik AM, Oh KY, Thuillier P, Ho E, Shannon J. Sulforaphane Bioavailability and Chemopreventive Activity in Women Scheduled for Breast Biopsy. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:1184-1191. [PMID: 26511489 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies suggest a protective effect of cruciferous vegetables on breast cancer. Sulforaphane (SFN), an active food component derived from crucifers, has been shown to be effective in breast cancer chemoprevention. This study evaluated the chemopreventive effect of SFN on selective biomarkers from blood and breast tissues. In a 2- to 8-week double-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 54 women with abnormal mammograms and scheduled for breast biopsy were randomized to consume a placebo or a glucoraphanin (GFN) supplement providing SFN (n = 27). Plasma and urinary SFN metabolites, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and tissue biomarkers (H3K18ac, H3K9ac, HDAC3, HDAC6, Ki-67, p21) were measured before and after the intervention in benign, ductal carcinoma in situ, or invasive ductal carcinoma breast tissues. Within the supplement group, Ki-67 (P = 0.003) and HDAC3 (P = 0.044) levels significantly decreased in benign tissue. Pre-to-postintervention changes in these biomarkers were not significantly different between treatment groups after multiple comparison adjustment. GFN supplementation was associated with a significant decrease in PBMC HDAC activity (P = 0.04). No significant associations were observed between SFN and examined tissue biomarkers when comparing treatment groups. This study provides evidence that GFN supplementation for a few weeks is safe but may not be sufficient for producing changes in breast tissue tumor biomarkers. Future studies employing larger sample sizes should evaluate alternative dosing and duration regimens to inform dietary SFN strategies in breast cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L Atwell
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Chico, 400 West 1 Avenue, Chico, CA 95929
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Motomi Mori
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Paige Farris
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| | - John T Vetto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Arpana M Naik
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Karen Y Oh
- Department of Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Philippe Thuillier
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239.,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 307 Linus Pauling Science Center, Corvallis, OR 97331.,Moore Family Center for Whole Grain Foods, Nutrition and Preventive Health, Oregon State University, 212 Milam Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Jackilen Shannon
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
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18
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Associations between cruciferous vegetable intake and selected biomarkers among women scheduled for breast biopsies. Public Health Nutr 2015; 19:1288-95. [PMID: 26329135 DOI: 10.1017/s136898001500244x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between dietary cruciferous vegetable intake and selected tumour biomarkers for histone acetylation (H3K9ac, H3K18ac, HDAC3 and HDAC6), proliferation (Ki-67) and cell-cycle regulation (p21) from breast tissue. DESIGN The study used baseline data of women recruited to participate in a clinical trial of sulforaphane supplement. Dietary cruciferous vegetable intake was collected through a validated Arizona Cruciferous Vegetable Intake Questionnaire. Breast tissue was obtained from biopsy samples. Spearman correlations were calculated between intake of specific cruciferous vegetables and biomarkers. Tissue biomarkers were log2-transformed to obtain approximate normality. Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between cruciferous vegetable intake and biomarkers adjusting for age and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. False discovery rate (FDR) was used to account for multiple comparisons. SETTING Clinical trial baseline. SUBJECTS Fifty-four women who had abnormal mammogram findings and were scheduled for breast biopsy. RESULTS Mean intake of total cruciferous vegetables from all food sources was 81·7 (sd 57·3) g/d. Mean urinary total sulforaphane metabolites was 0·08 (sd 0·07) µm/mm creatinine. Total cruciferous vegetable intake was inversely associated with Ki-67 protein expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) tissue (β=-0·004; se=0·001; FDR q value=0·03), but not in benign or invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) tissue. No association was found for other biomarkers measured (HDAC3, HDAC6, H3K9, H3K18 and p21) in all tissues examined (benign, DCIS and IDC). CONCLUSIONS The present study sought to provide additional evidence for the potential role of sulforaphane in histone acetylation and cell proliferation. Here, we report that total cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with decreased cell proliferation in breast DCIS tissue.
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19
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Correlates of self-reported dietary cruciferous vegetable intake and urinary isothiocyanate from two cohorts in China. Public Health Nutr 2014; 18:1237-44. [PMID: 25098275 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980014001505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess correlations between cruciferous vegetable intake and urinary isothiocyanate (ITC) level, in addition to glutathione S-transferase (GST) genotypes and other individual factors. DESIGN The study included cohort participants whose urinary ITC levels had been previously ascertained. Urinary ITC was assessed using HPLC. Usual dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables was assessed using a validated FFQ and total dietary ITC intake was calculated. Recent cruciferous vegetable intake was determined. GST genotypes were assessed using duplex real-time quantitative PCR assays. Spearman correlations were calculated between the covariates and urinary ITC levels and linear regression analyses were used to calculate the mean urinary ITC excretion according to GST genotype. SETTING Urban city in China. SUBJECTS The study included 3589 women and 1015 men from the Shanghai Women's and Men's Health Studies. RESULTS Median urinary ITC level was 1.61 nmol/mg creatinine. Self-reported usual cruciferous vegetable intake was weakly correlated with urinary ITC level (r s=0.1149; P<0.0001), while self-reported recent intake was more strongly correlated with urinary ITC (r s=0.2591; P<0.0001). Overall, the GST genotypes were not associated with urinary ITC level, but significant differences according to genotype were observed among current smokers and participants who provided an afternoon urine sample. Other factors, including previous gastrectomy or gastritis, were also related to urinary ITC level. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that urinary secretion of ITC may provide additional information on cruciferous vegetable intake and that GST genotypes are related to urinary ITC level only in some subgroups.
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20
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Abstract
Glucosinolates, phytochemicals found in cruciferous vegetables, are metabolised to bioactive isothiocyanates (ITC) by certain bacteria in the human gut. Substantial individual variation in urinary ITC excretion has been observed in previous cruciferous vegetable-feeding studies. We hypothesised that individual differences in gut microbial community contribute to the observed variation in glucosinolate metabolism, i.e. gut microbiota composition between high- and low-ITC excreters differs. We recruited twenty-three healthy individuals and fed them a standardised meal containing 200 g of cooked broccoli. After the meal, 24 h urinary ITC excretion was measured. Study participants with the highest (n 5) and lowest (n 5) ITC excretion provided faecal samples for ex vivo bacterial cultivation with 50 μm-glucoraphanin, the major glucosinolate found in broccoli. When grown ex vivo, faecal bacteria from the selected high-ITC excreters were able to degrade more glucoraphanin than those from the low-ITC excreters (P = 0·05). However, bacterial fingerprints of faecal and ex vivo culture microbiota revealed no statistically significant differences between the high- and low-ITC excreters in terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. In conclusion, glucosinolate degradation by faecal bacteria ex vivo may be associated with in vivo bacterial glucosinolate metabolism capacity, but no direct link to specific bacterial species could be established, possibly due to the complexity and functional redundancy of the gut microbiota.
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21
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Miller-Cebert RL, Sistani NA, Cebert E. Comparative mineral composition among canola cultivars and other cruciferous leafy greens. J Food Compost Anal 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Segovia-Siapco G, Singh P, Haddad E, Sabate J. Relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire used to assess food intake during a dietary intervention study. Nutr Cancer 2009; 60:603-11. [PMID: 18791923 DOI: 10.1080/01635580802065294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To develop a cost-effective alternative for evaluating dietary intake in large-scale intervention trials of cancer and cardiovascular disease outcomes, we designed and validated a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We collected 6 to 8 of the 24-hr dietary recalls from 87 adults (ages 30-72 yr) who were randomly assigned to a walnut-supplemented diet or a control diet in a 6-mo dietary intervention trial. Relative validity of a 171-item FFQ in assessing intake of selected foods and the prescribed intervention (intake > or =25 g/day or intake < 2 g of walnuts) was determined using 24-h dietary recalls as the reference. De-attenuated correlations between FFQ and dietary recalls were .82 for walnuts, .80 for fruits, .79 for grains, .77 for vegetables, .63 for water, .44 for sweets, and .36 for dairy/eggs. High within-person variation did not allow de-attenuation for the remaining foods, but uncorrected correlations were high (> .7) for the beverage variables. The FFQ correctly classified 86 out of 87 subjects in the 2 prescribed intervention groups. The FFQ can provide an accurate measure of a food-based intervention (i.e., walnut supplementation) in a trial setting and can also accurately estimate a number of other food groups consumed during the trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Segovia-Siapco
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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Thomson CA, Rock CL, Caan BJ, Flatt SW, Al-Delaimy WA, Newman VA, Hajek RA, Chilton JA, Pierce JP. Increase in cruciferous vegetable intake in women previously treated for breast cancer participating in a dietary intervention trial. Nutr Cancer 2007; 57:11-9. [PMID: 17516858 DOI: 10.1080/01635580701267875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of cruciferous vegetables has been associated with reduced breast cancer risk mechanistically and in population-based studies, although evidence has been inconsistent. This inconsistency may be related to limitations in quantifying and qualifying cruciferous vegetable exposure using standard instruments for dietary assessment (for example, food-frequency questionnaires, FFQs) or due to low levels of intake demonstrated among U.S. population samples. Cruciferous vegetable intake data are presented from a longitudinal study of a high-vegetable dietary intervention to reduce breast cancer recurrence among breast cancer survivors (n=1,156; 536 intervention and 620 comparison group subjects). Intake was assessed using repeat administration of an FFQ and cross-sectional administration of a cruciferous vegetable-specific FFQ (CVFFQ). Mean intake in the intervention group assessed using the standard FFQ was 37.7 g/day at baseline and increased to 57.1 g/day at 12 mo (P=0.0001) and was sustained through 48 mo. Broccoli and cabbage were the most commonly consumed cruciferous vegetables, regardless of the instrument used to assess intake. Differences in intake by group assignment were shown for raw cruciferous vegetables (30.2 g/day vs. 24.6 g/day, assessed using the CVFFQ), suggesting increased exposure to biologically active, cancer-preventive food constituents. These data suggest that this study population will be the first U.S. population sample to provide ample quantity and variety in cruciferous intake to examine whether these vegetables are protective against breast cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Thomson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
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