1
|
C R, Ghosh K, A SB, Rawal P, Pramanik S. In vivo antioxidant and hypoglycaemic potentials of Rivina humilis extract against streptozotocin induced diabetes and its complications in wistar rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:1373-1383. [PMID: 37975104 PMCID: PMC10638325 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This current research study was designed to investigate beneficial effects of R. humilis (Rivina humilis) against streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods The R. humilis ethanol extract was prepared using soxhlet and its phenol content was determined. The type-2 diabetes was induced in rats by giving fructose mixed drinking water and single dose of streptozotocin. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed after 72 h of streptozotocin to check ability of extract to utilize oral glucose load with 2 h. The extract was also tested for its potentials to reduce blood glucose (BGL) and diabetic complications by administering to diabetic rats for 21 days. Blood glucose was determined on day 1, 7, 14 and 21. At 21st day, blood samples were collected from experimental rats were euthanized to collect pancreas and liver. Liver and kidney function tests, HbAc1 and lipid profile was established from blood samples. Pancreas was subjected to histopathological examination and liver was used to determine antioxidant enzymes. In vitro study was done to investigate the effect of extract on glucose utilization by rat hemidiaphragm. Results In OGTT, administration of extract could stimulate glucose utilization which was witnessed by significant BGL reduction at 90 and 120 min in therapeutic groups compare to diabetics. In chronic study, we observed significant reduction in BGL on 21st day and all tests performed to determine liver and kidney function, HbAc1, vitamin E were normal in extract treated groups. There was significant increase in liver antioxidant enzymes in therapeutic groups which revealed regeneration of β-cells in therapeutic groups. Conclusion The results of research demonstrated significant antidiabetic potentials in R. humilis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01258-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh C
- Department of Pharmacology, East West College of Pharmacy, No-63, I Bharath Nagar, Off Magadi Road Vishwaneedam (PO), Bangalore, 560091 India
| | - Kaushik Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, East West College of Pharmacy, No-63, I Bharath Nagar, Off Magadi Road Vishwaneedam (PO), Bangalore, 560091 India
| | - Sowmya B A
- Department of Pharmacology, East West College of Pharmacy, No-63, I Bharath Nagar, Off Magadi Road Vishwaneedam (PO), Bangalore, 560091 India
| | - Pinkey Rawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, East West College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| | - Soma Pramanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, East West College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thottappillil A, Sahoo S, Chakraborty A, Kouser S, Ravi V, Garawadmath S, Banvi P, Kukkupuni SK, Mohan SS, Vishnuprasad CN. In vitro and in silico analysis proving DPP4 inhibition and diabetes-associated gene network modulation by a polyherbal formulation: Nisakathakadi Kashaya. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37938143 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2276880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitors are an important class of anti-diabetic drugs recognised for their systemic biological actions. Polyherbal preparations like Ayurveda formulations are considered to be ideal sources for discovering novel DPP4 inhibitors owing to their rich phytochemical composition. The current study reports the DPP4 inhibitory potential of a clinically established Ayurvedic anti-diabetic formulation Nisakathakadi Kashaya (NK) using in vitro assay and substantiates it by identifying potential bioactives responsible for DPP4 inhibition using computational biology tools. NK showed a dose-dependent DPP4 inhibition with an IC50 of 2.06 μg GAE/mL, and the molecular docking and simulation studies showed three compounds, namely Terchebin, Locaracemoside B and 1,2,4,6 Tetra o Galloyl Beta D Glucose having stable interactions with DPP4 similar to the standard drug Vildagliptin. Further, for the reason that polyherbal formulations exert a network pharmacology mode of action, in silico analysis was carried out to identify the other putative phytochemical-protein networks modulated by NK. The complex pharmacological network of the formulation was explored further using a subnetwork of diabetes proteins and their relationship with diabetes-associated comorbidities. A number of key targets like TNFα, TGFβ1, SOD1, SOD2, AKT1, DPP4 and GLP1R were identified in the protein-protein interaction network that is vital to diabetic progression and complications. A combination of in vitro and in silico methods allowed us to prove the DPP4 inhibition potential of NK as well as provided insights into the possible pharmacological networking through which NK potentially exerts its systemic effect in diabetes management.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Thottappillil
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, India
| | - Sthitaprajna Sahoo
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, India
| | - Abhijnan Chakraborty
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
- Department of Biophysics and Molecular Biology, University of Calcutta, India
| | - Sania Kouser
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, India
| | - Vidhya Ravi
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Soumya Garawadmath
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, India
| | - Pranav Banvi
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, India
| | - Subrahmanya Kumar Kukkupuni
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, India
| | - S Suma Mohan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Chethala N Vishnuprasad
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shafi KM, Sajeevan RS, Kouser S, Vishnuprasad CN, Sowdhamini R. Transcriptome profiling of two Moringa species and insights into their antihyperglycemic activity. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:561. [PMID: 36460949 PMCID: PMC9717441 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moringa concanensis Nimmo (MC), a plant that resembles Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO), has less scientific information but has traditionally been used as a medicinal plant. Moringa species have long been known for their medicinal qualities, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antihyperglycemic effects. We investigated the antidiabetic potential of MC and MO species in this study by using transcriptome profiling, metabolite analysis, and in vitro assay studies. RESULTS Our transcriptome analysis revealed the expression of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and benzylamine, all of which have previously been shown to have antidiabetic activity. We compared the expression patterns of five different tissues from MC and MO and it was found that the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds were highly expressed in leaf tissue. The expression estimated by MC transcriptome data in different tissues was verified using RT-qPCR analysis. The amount of these compounds was further quantified in the crude leaf extract of both species and found that MC had a higher abundance of quercetin and chlorogenic acid than MO. The crude leaf extract from both MC and MO were further tested in vitro, and the results demonstrated strong inhibitory activity for α-glucosidase and DPP-IV enzymes. Our findings suggest that compounds in leaf tissue, such as quercetin, benzylamine, and chlorogenic acid, could play a significant role in this antidiabetic activity. In addition, when comparing MO plants, we found that MC had a slightly higher effect in expression, abundance, and inhibitory activity. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the first report of MC transcriptome data, as well as a comparison of its anti-diabetic activity to MO. Our analysis discussed the significance of leaf tissue in antidiabetic activity compared to other tissues of both species. Overall, this study not only provides transcriptome resources for Moringa species, but also sheds light on antidiabetic potential of both species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Mohamed Shafi
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR), GKVK campus, Bangalore, India
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences & Technology (TDU), Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Radha Sivarajan Sajeevan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR), GKVK campus, Bangalore, India
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-23422, Lomma, Sweden
| | - Sania Kouser
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences & Technology (TDU), Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Chethala N Vishnuprasad
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences & Technology (TDU), Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India.
| | - Ramanathan Sowdhamini
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR), GKVK campus, Bangalore, India.
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, 560100, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Paul S, Majumdar M. Multimode Assessment of Commercial Polyherbal Formulation: an In Vitro and In Silico Approach. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2261-2281. [PMID: 35796947 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antidiabetic polyherbal formulations (APH) are used in management of diabetes mellitus (DM). High glucose levels in DM are related to oxidative stress leading to its associated complications. Therefore, assessing antioxidant activity of various APH might unveil an antioxidant-rich formulation for management of DM and its associated complications. Subsequently selecting an antioxidant assessment method is a challenging aspect, considering various in vitro assays working with diverse mechanism of action. Therefore, present study aims to validate the sensitivity/capacity of different antioxidant assay, thereby assessing the antioxidant potential of 9-APH. Obtained results revealed the ABTS·+ values were higher compared to DPPH+ assay. I-9-HAE (DPPH+: IC50 53.31 µg/ml), NK-HAE (ABTS·+: IC50 2.71 µg/ml), and MN-HAE (FRAP and TAC) exhibited highest antioxidant capacity. A significant correlation was obtained between TPC-DPPH+ (r2: 0.8187****). Furthermore, three APH with better antiradical potential was chosen for various in vitro and in silico method, for validating scientific antidiabetic propensities. Among the tested extracts, I-9-HAE (α-amylase inhibition: IC50 831.84 µg/ml) and MN-HAE (α-glucosidase inhibition: IC50 558.64 µg/ml and antiglycation: IC50 883.74 µg/ml) have showed highest antihyperglycemic and antiglycation properties. Finally, the secondary-metabolites of selected APH were screened through literature search, Lipinski rule, ADMET, and ProTox-II. Subsequently, in molecular docking for the selected 9 secondary metabolites, highest binding affinity was observed in apigenin-7-glucuronide for DPPiv (- 9.6), GLP-1 (- 8.8), NADPH (- 8.7), and HSA (- 9.4). Thus, obtained result proposes synergistic interaction with high antioxidant potential of the selected 3-APH and can be considered an alternative for management of DM, where multiple secondary metabolites exert holistic biological effects. Furthermore, our study also provides data on sensitivity/capacity of different in vitro antioxidant assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saptadipa Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), #34,1st Cross, J C Road, Bangalore, 560027, India
| | - Mala Majumdar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), #34,1st Cross, J C Road, Bangalore, 560027, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paul S, Majumdar M. Comparative study of six antidiabetic polyherbal formulation for its multimodal approaches in diabetes management. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:114. [PMID: 35547015 PMCID: PMC9013732 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial antidiabetic polyherbal formulations (APH) are available with claimed hypoglycemic activities; yet they lack systematic scientific studies leading to their limited global acceptance. In the present study, six selected APH from the Indian market were evaluated for their phytochemical contents, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antioxidant activities and further identifying the major antidiabetic bioactive compound of "MA" by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Our results revealed highest TPC (136.97 ± 0.6 µg GAE/mg) and TFC (128.85 ± 0.74 µg QE/mg) in APH-DB and APH-SN, respectively. APH-MA has exhibited highest α-amylase 72.5% (IC50-579.65 μg/ml), α-glucosidase 88.02% (IC50-261.03 μg/ml) and moderate lipase inhibition 57.7% (IC50 159.57 μg/ml). A variable free radical scavenging activity was observed by all the tested APH. Further significant linear positive correlations were observed between TPC-Lipase (r 2-0.985****), TFC-α-amylase (r 2-0.868**) and DPPH-α-amylase inhibition (r 2-0.8098*). HPLC-ESI-MS/MS of MA showed the presence of anti-hyperglycemic compounds, Pheophorbide a and Pyropheophorbide a, as the major peaks. Among the tested extracts, MA exhibited better activities while BG, MH, SN, DB, and DT have showed comparable/mild anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant potential. Hence the tested APH may be considered effective for DM management which can further be assessed for their other targets of inhibition.
Collapse
|
6
|
Thant MT, Khine HEE, Nealiga JQL, Chatsumpun N, Chaotham C, Sritularak B, Likhitwitayawuid K. α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and Anti-Adipogenic Effect of Compounds from Dendrobium delacourii. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041156. [PMID: 35208957 PMCID: PMC8879119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of Dendrobium delacourii revealed 11 phenolic compounds, and the structures of these compounds were determined by analysis of their NMR and HR-ESI-MS data. All compounds were investigated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and anti-adipogenic properties. Phoyunnanin E (10) and phoyunnanin C (11) showed the most potent α-glucosidase inhibition by comparing with acarbose, which was used as a positive control. Kinetic study revealed the non-competitive inhibitors against the enzyme. For anti-adipogenic activity, densifloral B (3) showed the strongest inhibition when compared with oxyresveratrol (positive control). In addition, densifloral B might be responsible for the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation via downregulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), which are major transcription factors in adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May Thazin Thant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.T.T.); (K.L.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pharmacy, Yangon 11031, Myanmar
| | - Hnin Ei Ei Khine
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (H.E.E.K.); (J.Q.L.N.)
| | - Justin Quiel Lasam Nealiga
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (H.E.E.K.); (J.Q.L.N.)
| | - Nutputsorn Chatsumpun
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (H.E.E.K.); (J.Q.L.N.)
- Preclinical Toxicity and Efficacy Assessment of Medicines and Chemicals Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.T.T.); (K.L.)
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.T.T.); (K.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Thottapillil A, Kouser S, Kukkupuni SK, Vishnuprasad CN. An 'Ayurveda-Biology' platform for integrative diabetes management. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113575. [PMID: 33181283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes is a multifactorial disease with complex multi-organ-multi-target crosstalk in the body. Currently, the theoretical assumptions framing the diabetes management strategies are reductionist and largely focus on reducing hyperglycemia through targeted molecular drugs. While they effectively reduce hyperglycemia, they are inadequate to address the multifactorial etiopathology, chronicity and systemic complications of diabetes. Therefore, a holistic and systemic approach is essential for its successful management. We hypothesize an integrative diabetes management strategy, combining holistic principles of diabetes management with its molecular understandings, would be more appropriate to fill this gap. The holistic disease management principles of Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine, can play a pivotal role in this context. This narrative review discusses the scope of a trans-disciplinary ' Ayurveda-Biology ' approach for deepening the holistic understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetes as well as designing novel integrative strategies for managing diabetes and restoring whole body glucose homeostasis. METHODOLOGY The article analyses the Ayurveda scheme of diabetes management and correlates it with the molecular understanding of its pathophysiology and management. The sources of information used in this article include classical texts of Ayurveda , medical books, published research articles and scientific databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Science-Direct, etc. RESULTS: While Ayurveda and modern biomedicine uses different epistemology and ontology for describing diabetes, both the systems recognize the central role of gut and gut derived factors in postprandial glucose disposal and whole body glucose homeostasis. Essentially, the principles of both Ayurveda and modern biomedicine overlap at a gut centred view of diabetes management; and Gastro-intestinal mediated glucose disposal , a holistic concept of glucose metabolism, is emerging as a converging node for designing innovative integrative diabetes management strategies. CONCLUSIONS An integrative disease management strategy, combining holistic and reductionist perspectives of traditional medicine and biology respectively, would be the prerogative for successful management of diabetes. Creating an ' Ayurveda-Biology' knowledge framework integrating the patient centred holistic management principles of Ayurveda and the molecular approaches of modern biology can give better insights into the biology of whole body glucose homeostasis and offer novel strategies for cost effective, holistic and multi-targeted management of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Thottapillil
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), No.74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Post: Attur, Via Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560 106, India
| | - Sania Kouser
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), No.74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Post: Attur, Via Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560 106, India
| | - Subrahmanya Kumar Kukkupuni
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), No.74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Post: Attur, Via Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560 106, India
| | - Chethala N Vishnuprasad
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), No.74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Post: Attur, Via Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560 106, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Taslimi P, Köksal E, Gören AC, Bursal E, Aras A, Kılıç Ö, Alwasel S, Gülçin İ. Anti-Alzheimer, antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Satureja cuneifolia and analysis of its phenolic contents by LC-MS/MS. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
9
|
|
10
|
Zhang CH, Sheng JQ, Sarsaiya S, Shu FX, Liu TT, Tu XY, Ma GQ, Xu GL, Zheng HX, Zhou LF. The anti-diabetic activities, gut microbiota composition, the anti-inflammatory effects of Scutellaria-coptis herb couple against insulin resistance-model of diabetes involving the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:202-214. [PMID: 30807814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria-coptis herb couple (SC) is one of the well-known herb couples in many traditional Chinese compound formulas used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), which has been used to treat DM for thousands of years in China. AIM OF THE STUDY Few studies have confirmed in detail the anti-diabetic activities of SC in vivo and in vitro. The present investigations aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of SC in type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice and in RAW264.7 macrophages to understand its possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) and LC-LTQ-Orbitrap Pro mass spectrometry were used to analyze the active ingredients of SC extracts and control the quality. A type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice model was established by high-fat diet. Body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, fasting blood insulin levels, glycosylated hemoglobin and glycosylated serum protein were measured. The effects of SC on total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels were examined. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured. Gut microbial communities were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) methods. The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MyD88 protein in the colons were measured by western blot. In RAW264.7 macrophages, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4 and MyD88 protein levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits or western blot, and the mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TLR4 was examined by the real time PCR. RESULTS The present results showed that the SC significantly increased blood HDL and significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, glycosylated serum protein, TC, TG, LPS, IL-6 and TNF-α levels (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in type-2 diabetic KK-Ay mice. Furthermore, SC could regulate the structure of intestinal flora. Additionally, the expressions of TLR4 and MyD88 protein in the colons were significantly decreased in the model group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). However, SC had no significant effect on weight gain. In RAW264.7 macrophages, SC containing serum (SC-CS) (5%, 10% and 20%) significantly decreased IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4 and MyD88 protein levels and the mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TLR4 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The anti-diabetic effects of SC were attributed to its regulation of intestinal flora and anti-inflammation involving the TLR4 signaling pathway. These findings provide a new insight into the anti-diabetic application for SC in clinical settings and display the potential of SC in the treatment of DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Jun-Qing Sheng
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Department of Microbiology, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology and Medical Sciences, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Fu-Xing Shu
- Bioresource Institute Of Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China
| | - Tong-Tong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Xiu-Ying Tu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Guang-Qiang Ma
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zheng
- College of Humanities of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Li-Fen Zhou
- Large precise instruments shared services center of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Measurement of anticancer, antidiabetic and anticholinergic properties of sumac (Rhus coriaria): analysis of its phenolic compounds by LC–MS/MS. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
12
|
Vinodhini S, Rajeswari VD. Exploring the antidiabetic and anti-obesity properties of Samanea saman through in vitro and in vivo approaches. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1539-1549. [PMID: 30378154 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, diabetes and obesity have become a major problem in global health care because of changes in lifestyle, food habits, and age-related metabolic disorders. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases, affecting millions of people worldwide. Currently, herbal drugs are used to control obesity and diabetes. The present study investigates the anti-obesity, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities of Samanea saman leaf extract. A methanolic extract of S. saman leaves was prepared by a maceration method. The S. saman leaf extract was studied for its inhibitory effect on glucose utilization using specific in vitro procedures to analyze its antioxidant, anti-obesity, and antidiabetic activities via different assays, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assay, glucose uptake by yeast cells, nonenzymatic glycosylation assay followed by glucose diffusion assay. The outcome of the study showed that the methanolic extract strongly inhibited the pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, and glucosidase activities, compared with the standard drug. The results showed that the extract possessed considerable antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, and further studies are needed to confirm the results using an in vivo model. Thus, it is proposed that S. saman can be used as a therapeutic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Vinodhini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Devi Rajeswari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vaidya VN, Tatiya AU, Elango A, Kukkupuni SK, Vishnuprasad CN. Need for comprehensive standardization strategies for marketed Ayurveda formulations. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018; 9:312-315. [PMID: 30545738 PMCID: PMC6314244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayurveda is known for the use of poly-herbal formulations and multi-component therapeutics for the management of health and diseases. Several pharmaceutical companies are manufacturing and marketing different Ayurvedic formulations, prepared as per the classical texts and the regulatory standards. However, on a cursory glance, marked variations are observed amongst the same formulations manufactured by different companies. This raises questions on the quality standards. Drugs or formulations are expected to exert a desired biological activity at particular concentrations of their chemical constituents. The overall aim of drug standardization is to ensure the quality, efficacy and uniformity of the products, in terms of their chemical and biological properties, across the manufactures. In this article, the authors intend to open up a discussion on the need for comprehensive standardization strategies for marketed Ayurveda formulations taking Lodhrasavam (a classical Ayurveda preparation) as an example. Lodhrasavam procured from six reputed Ayurveda drug manufacturers showed significant variations in their sensorial, physico-chemical, chromatographic as well as biological properties. This is a matter of serious concern and need to be addressed effectively to derive better standardization strategies for Ayurvedic formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishvanath Narhari Vaidya
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand Naka, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - A U Tatiya
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand Naka, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwini Elango
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Subrahmanya Kumar Kukkupuni
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chethala N Vishnuprasad
- Centre for Ayurveda Biology and Holistic Nutrition, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| |
Collapse
|