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Comparcini D, Tomietto M, Pastore F, Nichol B, Miniscalco D, Flacco ME, Stefanizzi P, Tafuri S, Cicolini G, Simonetti V. Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Pregnant and Breastfeeding/Puerperium Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:772. [PMID: 39066410 PMCID: PMC11281372 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination among pregnant and breastfeeding women is critical for protecting this vulnerable population and their children. COVID-19 vaccination is recommended both during pregnancy and breastfeeding; however, we still do not fully understand the determinants that influence hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to identify the determinants of vaccine hesitancy in pregnant and breastfeeding, puerperium women. A multicenter, cross-sectional study, involving 435 pregnant and breastfeeding women, was conducted. Vaccination hesitancy was evaluated by administering the Vaccination Attitudes (VAX) Scale and the Zung Anxiety Self-Assessment Scale (SAS) was adopted to measure anxiety levels. Overall, 14% of the participants reported that they did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and 78.3% received their first dose during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. The descriptive statistics for the VAX scale showed a total mean score of 3.35 (±1.6), and 75% of participants reported an anxiety index equal to or lower than the threshold. Vaccine hesitancy increased as "adverse events after vaccination" increased (p < 0.01), while SAS levels positively correlated with the participants' mean age (p < 0.05). Investigating the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy enables the development of targeted health policies and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Comparcini
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, “Aldo Moro”, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Marco Tomietto
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK;
| | - Francesco Pastore
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, TorVergata University, 00133 Roma, Italy;
| | - Bethany Nichol
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK;
| | | | - Maria Elena Flacco
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, “Aldo Moro”, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Silvio Tafuri
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, “Aldo Moro”, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Giancarlo Cicolini
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, “Gabriele D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Valentina Simonetti
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, “Gabriele D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.); (V.S.)
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Liu X, Wu Y, Huo Z, Zhang L, Jing S, Dai Z, Huang Y, Si M, Xin Y, Qu Y, Tang S, Su X. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:2183-2192. [PMID: 38625625 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is one of the top 10 threats to global health, which affects the prevalence and fatality of vaccine-preventable diseases over the world. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people living with HIV (PLWH) may have higher risks of infection, more serious complications, and worse prognosis without the protection of the COVID-19 vaccine. A systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among PLWH was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for studies published between January 1, 2020, and August 31, 2022. The pooled prevalence with a corresponding 95%CI of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among PLWH was reported. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore variation in prevalence across different categories. 23 studies with a total of 19,922 PLWH were included in this study. The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among PLWH was 34.0%, and the influencing factors included male, influenza vaccination experience, and a CD4 count of more than 200 cells/mm3. Subgroup analysis did not identify significant causes of heterogeneity but showed that the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among PLWH varies by study period, region, and race. Although all PLWH are recommended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, a large proportion of them remain hesitant to be vaccinated. Therefore, governments and relevant institutions should take specific measures to encourage and promote vaccination to improve the coverage of the COVID-19 vaccine among PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yijin Wu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Jing
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenwei Dai
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiman Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Si
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - You Xin
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Qu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shenglan Tang
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyou Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Kim HJ, Kim MH, Choi MG, Chun EM. Psychiatric adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination: a population-based cohort study in Seoul, South Korea. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02627-0. [PMID: 38834668 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Evidence has suggested an increased risk of psychiatric manifestations following viral infections including coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). However, psychiatric adverse events (AEs) after COVID-19 vaccination, which were documented in case reports and case series, remain unclear. This study is aimed to investigate the psychiatric AEs after COVID-19 vaccination from a large population-based cohort in Seoul, South Korea. We recruited 50% of the Seoul-resident population randomly selected from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS) claims database on 1, January, 2021. The included participants (n = 2,027,353) from the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database were divided into two groups according to COVID-19 vaccination. The cumulative incidences per 10,000 of psychiatric AEs were assessed on one week, two weeks, one month, and three months after COVID-19 vaccination. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence interval (CIs) of psychiatric AEs were measured for the vaccinated population. The cumulative incidence of depression, anxiety, dissociative, stress-related, and somatoform disorders, sleep disorders, and sexual disorders at three months following COVID-19 vaccination were higher in the vaccination group than no vaccination group. However, schizophrenia and bipolar disorders showed lower cumulative incidence in the vaccination group than in the non-vaccinated group. Depression (HR [95% CI] = 1.683 [1.520-1.863]), anxiety, dissociative, stress-related, and somatoform disorders (HR [95% CI] = 1.439 [1.322-1.568]), and sleep disorders (HR [95% CI] = 1.934 [1.738-2.152]) showed increased risks after COVID-19 vaccination, whereas the risks of schizophrenia (HR [95% CI] = 0.231 [0.164-0.326]) and bipolar disorder (HR [95% CI] = 0.672 [0.470-0.962]). COVID-19 vaccination increased the risks of depression, anxiety, dissociative, stress-related, and somatoform disorders, and sleep disorders while reducing the risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Therefore, special cautions are necessary for administering additional COVID-19 vaccinations to populations vulnerable to psychiatric AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Informatization Department, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Geun Choi
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Chun
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kogseder N, Puxkandl V, Hoetzenecker W, Altrichter S. Vaccine hesitancy in patients presenting to a specialized allergy center: clinical relevant sensitizations, impact on mental health and vaccination rates. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1324987. [PMID: 38827735 PMCID: PMC11140087 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1324987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID vaccination program with new types of vaccinations and early reports of allergic reactions to vaccines led to vaccination hesitancy in patients with allergies. In this study, we aimed to characterize patients who present at an allergy center with specific questions regarding risk assessment to COVID vaccines in comparison to regular allergy center patients. Methods A total of 50 patient charts of patients with risk assessment for COVID vaccination (COV group) and 50 regular allergy center patients (ALL group) were assessed for documented allergies, comorbidities, total IgE, and tryptase levels and hospital anxiety and depression score (HADS). Skin prick testing (SPT) with additives of COVID vaccines [polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate] were performed if indicated based on medical history. Results Patients who presented for examination prior to a possible COVID vaccination were mostly female (86%) and had more frequently reported allergic reactions to drugs in the past, but only in a minor group (28%) were the reactions qualified as anaphylaxis. The group COV patients scored significantly higher in the HADS for anxiety and depression than the regular group ALL patients. The same trend was observed when data were corrected for gender. It is worth noting that patients without any prior contact to COVID vaccines scored comparable regarding anxiety to patients with prior reaction to COVID vaccinations, but significantly higher in the depression score. In 19 patients (38%) who met the indications for SPT for the suspicious contents PEG and Polysorbate 80, the tests did not show a positive result. Furthermore, 84% of patients underwent the prick test, but only 15% of patients who received consultation alone agreed to vaccination at our center. No vaccination-related event was documented in these patients. Discussion In conclusion, vaccination hesitancy was frequently elicited by negative experiences with drugs and putative drug allergies. Female patients predominate in this patient group, and the anxiety and depression scores were significantly elevated. Allergological workup, including SPT, led to a high rate of subsequent vaccinations, whereas a discussion with the patients about risks and individualized advice for vaccination without testing only rarely resulted in documented vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kogseder
- Department for Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Viktoria Puxkandl
- Department for Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfram Hoetzenecker
- Department for Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Department for Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
- Institute of Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Berlin, Germany
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Zhang L, Wu Y, Jing S, Liu X, Ren T, Liu X, Dai Z, Fu J, Chen X, Xiao W, Huang Y, Wang H, Wang W, Gu X, Ma L, Zhang S, Yu Y, Li L, Su X, Qiao Y. The second dose of COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy among health care workers in China: A multicenter cross-sectional study. Am J Infect Control 2024; 52:525-532. [PMID: 38007100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 outbreak in China exposed health care workers (HCWs) to an increased risk of infection. The acquired immunity rapidly diminishes after the previous COVID-19 vaccination and the second booster vaccination has been recommended in several countries. HCWs are a priority group for vaccination because they are at increased risk of being infected, however, a certain amount of HCWs were hesitant. METHODS The survey was conducted among 5805 HCWs in China from January 5 to February 9, 2023. Questionnaire included sociodemographic information, COVID-19-related variables, psychological factors, and the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influencing factors of the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy. RESULTS 42.2% of HCWs self-reported having the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy. Occupations, years of working, COVID-19 infection status were associated with less vaccine hesitancy. HCWs who had received 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine were less likely to be hesitant compared to those had not received. HCWs with PTSD symptoms and anxiety symptoms were more likely to be hesitant. No relation was observed between COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy and age, marriage, salary, and perceived an increased risk of COVID-19 infection due to work (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of HCWs were hesitant to accept the second dose of the COVID-19 booster vaccine. Incorporating vaccine knowledge and new evidence into routine health educations and procedures to raise confidence and reduce complacency may be effective and feasible in promoting the vaccination and implementing future vaccination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yijin Wu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Jing
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianrui Ren
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenwei Dai
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Xiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiman Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofen Gu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Li Ma
- Public Health School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shaokai Zhang
- Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliate Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanqin Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Clinical Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyou Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Youlin Qiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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6
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Miyazaki K, Uchiba T, Kwak H, An J, Sasahara K. The impact of toxic trolling comments on anti-vaccine YouTube videos. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5088. [PMID: 38429466 PMCID: PMC10907339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54925-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-vaccine trolling on video-hosting websites hinders efforts to increase vaccination rates by using toxic language and threatening claims to intimidate people and promote vaccine hesitancy. However, there is a shortage of research investigating the effects of toxic messages on these platforms. This study focused on YouTube anti-vaccine videos and examined the relationship between toxicity and fear in the comment section of these videos. We discovered that highly liked toxic comments were associated with a significant level of fear in subsequent comments. Moreover, we found complex patterns of contagion between toxicity and fear in the comments. These findings suggest that initial troll comments can evoke negative emotions in viewers, potentially fueling vaccine hesitancy. Our research bears essential implications for managing public health messaging and online communities, particularly in moderating fear-mongering messages about vaccines on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Miyazaki
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | | | - Haewoon Kwak
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Jisun An
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Kazutoshi Sasahara
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
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Tselebis A, Sikaras C, Milionis C, Sideri EP, Fytsilis K, Papageorgiou SM, Ilias I, Pachi A. A Moderated Mediation Model of the Influence of Cynical Distrust, Medical Mistrust, and Anger on Vaccination Hesitancy in Nursing Staff. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:2373-2387. [PMID: 37998057 PMCID: PMC10669979 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13110167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
During the pandemic, nurses experienced anger that stemmed from a sense of threat, frustration, or even a sense of injustice. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between vaccination hesitancy, anger, cynicism, and medical mistrust among nurses, as there are no relevant studies in the literature. This study was conducted online by completing self-report questionnaires. The Dimensions of Anger Reactions-5, the 8-item "Cynical Distrust" scale, and the Medical Mistrust Multiformat Scale were used. For vaccination hesitancy, two questions with a 5-point scale were used: one question examining hesitancy to get vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine, and another question examining hesitancy to get vaccinated with the influenza vaccine. In total, 387 nurses (66 men and 321 women) participated in this study. Nurses showed statistically greater hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccine compared to hesitancy toward the influenza vaccine. The variation in vaccine hesitancy was explained by the scores in the Medical Mistrust Multiformat Scale, the Dimensions of Anger Reactions, and the Cynical Distrust Scale. The Medical Mistrust Multiformat Scale mediated the relationship between the Cynical Distrust Scale and total vaccine hesitancy. The Dimensions of Anger Reactions Scale significantly moderated the indirect effect of the Cynical Distrust Scale on total vaccine hesitancy through the Medical Mistrust Multiformat Scale. In conclusion, it is highly likely that anger is involved in reported vaccine hesitancy both by activating schemas of distrust in others and by adopting anti-systemic views of mistrust in the medical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Tselebis
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Christos Sikaras
- Nursing Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Charalampos Milionis
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou General and Maternity Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (I.I.)
| | - Eleni Paraskevi Sideri
- Emergency Department of General Hospital of Athens Korgialeneio—Benakeio Hellenic Red Cross, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Fytsilis
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Styliani Maria Papageorgiou
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Ioannis Ilias
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou General and Maternity Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (I.I.)
| | - Argyro Pachi
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.P.)
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Masood A, Chohan HK, Mubeen M, Faizan M, Moin S, Chohan MK, Syed T, Anwar A, Hashmi AA. Sinovac COVID-19 Side Effects in Hypertensive Patients: An Observational Study From Pakistan. Cureus 2023; 15:e40444. [PMID: 37456424 PMCID: PMC10349340 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The most important factor in combating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was the provision of safe and effective vaccines. The acceptance of vaccines is impacted by several variables, including beliefs about the vaccine's safety and adverse effects. Vaccine side effects can vary depending on the type, but they are often moderate, localized, transient, and self-limiting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of side effects experienced after receiving the Sinovac vaccine by participants hypertensive and non-hypertensive participants. Methodology This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study that was performed using non-probability sampling. The study duration was six months from May 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022. The study involved 600 individuals who had either received the first or second dose of the Sinovac vaccine. For categorical data, frequencies and percentages were documented. The chi-square test was applied to determine the association between local and systemic side effects among hypertensive and non-hypertensive participants. Results The study findings showed that out of 600 participants, there were 187 (62.3%) males and 113 (37.7%) females with hypertension, and 222 (74.0%) males and 78 (26.0%) females without hypertension, with a significant association (p = 0.002). Following the first dose of the Sinovac vaccine, fever was the most commonly reported side effect in 153 (51.0%) hypertensive participants and 62 (20.7%) non-hypertensive participants, with a significant association (p < 0.001). Similarly, following the second dose of the Sinovac vaccine, fever was the most commonly reported side effect in 108 (36.0%) hypertensive participants and 57 (19.0%) non-hypertensive participants, with a significant association (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study concluded that the presence of hypertension significantly increased the manifestations of local and systemic side effects compared with non-hypertensive participants. Moreover, fever, pain, and swelling at the injection site were the most commonly reported side effects after receiving the first and second doses of the Sinovac vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Masood
- Internal Medicine, Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, BLR
| | | | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Muhammad Faizan
- Public Health Sciences, Health Department of Sindh, Karachi, PAK
| | - Subhana Moin
- Dentistry, Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Tatheer Syed
- Public Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Adnan Anwar
- Physiology, Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, PAK
- Internal Medicine, Essa General Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Atif A Hashmi
- Pathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, PAK
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9
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Yap DL, Mandell C, Behar E. The Role of Perceived Risk in the Relationship Between Disgust Sensitivity and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2023; 47:1-12. [PMID: 37363746 PMCID: PMC10206364 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-023-10391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite widespread availability of COVID vaccines and evidence of their efficacy, vaccine hesitancy remains prevalent. Several studies have examined the relationship between disgust sensitivity and vaccine hesitancy. Although results from studies using data collected prior to the COVID pandemic indicate that higher disgust sensitivity is related to greater vaccine hesitancy, results from studies using data collected during the COVID pandemic are equivocal. The present study examined whether perceived risk of contracting COVID moderated the relationship between disgust sensitivity and vaccine hesitancy. Methods Participants (n = 152) completed self-report measures of disgust sensitivity, perceived risk of contracting COVID, and COVID vaccine hesitancy (defined as both vaccine confidence and vaccine complacency). Results Perceived risk of contracting COVID significantly moderated the relationship between disgust sensitivity and vaccine complacency, with the association strengthened at low levels of perceived risk. Perceived risk of contracting COVID also marginally moderated the relationship between disgust sensitivity and vaccine confidence, with the association strengthened at low and average levels of perceived risk. Conclusions Results suggest that individuals with elevated disgust sensitivity who also report low levels of perceived risk of contracting COVID are more likely to express vaccine hesitancy. Implications of these findings are discussed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-023-10391-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L. Yap
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, USA
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College of The City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, 611HN, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | | | - Evelyn Behar
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, USA
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, USA
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Pecoraro N, Malatesta F, Carpinelli L, Fornino D, Giordano C, Moccia G, Perillo M, Capunzo M, Savarese G, De Caro F. Individual and Contextual Determinants of Flu Vaccination Adherence: A University Nudge Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105900. [PMID: 37239626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The University of Salerno has implemented a nudge intervention with the aim of promoting vaccine adherence among employees of academia and identifying individual and contextual determinants that influence adherence. METHOD A purpose-built questionnaire was used during the reference period of October-December 2022 in order to assess levels of state anxiety (STAI-Y1), perceived stress (PSS-10), and public sentiments, which influence vaccination behavior, with consequences for the whole population (VCI). RESULTS Analysis of the results revealed a difference in mean scores on the PSS: those who have always adhered to the vaccination campaign compared to those who have never been vaccinated perceived higher levels of stress (12.01 vs. 11.33; F = 4.744, p = 0.031); furthermore, there was a relationship between the presence/absence of pathologies and VCI (F = 3,93; df = 1; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS The University of Salerno's nudge intervention made its employees more responsible for protecting the health of the academic community and encouraged good adherence to the flu vaccination campaign. University employees, equipped with high cultural tools, sought information primarily from institutional sources indicated by the university during the free vaccination campaign at the university's vaccine center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Pecoraro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Francesca Malatesta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Luna Carpinelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Domenico Fornino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Claudio Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Moccia
- Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Matilde Perillo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Mario Capunzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giulia Savarese
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Francesco De Caro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
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11
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Kleitman S, Fullerton DJ, Law MKH, Blanchard MD, Campbell R, Tait MA, Schulz J, Lee J, Stankov L, King MT. The Psychology of COVID-19 Booster Hesitancy, Acceptance and Resistance in Australia. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11050907. [PMID: 37243011 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11050907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 booster vaccinations have been recommended as a primary line of defence against serious illness and hospitalisation. This study identifies and characterises distinct profiles of attitudes towards vaccination, particularly the willingness to get a booster dose. A sample of 582 adults from Australia completed an online survey capturing COVID-related behaviours, beliefs and attitudes and a range of sociodemographic, psychological, political, social and cultural variables. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) identified three subgroups: Acceptant (61%), Hesitant (30%) and Resistant (9%). Compared to the Acceptant group, the Hesitant and Resistant groups were less worried about catching COVID-19, used fewer official COVID-19 information sources, checked the news less, were lower on the agreeableness personality dimension and reported more conservatism, persecutory thinking, amoral attitudes and need for chaos. The Hesitant group also reported checking the legitimacy of information sources less, scored lower on the openness to new experiences personality dimension and were more likely than the Resistant and Acceptant groups to report regaining freedoms (e.g., travel) and work requirements or external pressures as reasons to get a booster. The Resistant group were higher on reactance, held more conspiratorial beliefs and rated their culture as being less tolerant of deviance than the Hesitant and Acceptant groups. This research can inform tailored approaches to increasing booster uptake and optimal strategies for public health messaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Kleitman
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dayna J Fullerton
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marvin K H Law
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Matthew D Blanchard
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rachel Campbell
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Margaret-Ann Tait
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jennifer Schulz
- Faculty of Law and Justice, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 0627, New Zealand
| | - Jihyun Lee
- School of Education, Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lazar Stankov
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Madeleine T King
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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12
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Alsuhebany N, Alowais SA, Aldairem A, Almohareb SN, Bin Saleh K, Kahtani KM, Alnashwan LI, Alay SM, Alamri MG, Alhathlol GK, Asiri I. Identifying gaps in vaccination perception after mandating the COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00481-4. [PMID: 37164821 PMCID: PMC10130326 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The burden of COVID-19 pandemic affected the globe, and it is unclear how it has impacted the general perception of other vaccines. We aimed to investigate the public awareness, knowledge, and attitude towards other complementary vaccines after the mandate of the COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia using a survey distributed via several social media platforms in June 2022. The questionnaire had three main sections; awareness; attitudes; and demographic information. Descriptive analysis was mainly used and supplemented with Chi-square test for correlation. All individuals over the age of 18 were eligible to participate in the study. RESULTS A total of 1,045 participants from Saudi Arabia completed the survey. Of the respondents, 55.9% were female, and 95% were Saudi citizens. Public awareness towards vaccines after the mandate of COVID-19 vaccine was the highest with the influenza vaccine (98.2%), followed by human papillomavirus (HPV) (40.7%), tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) (37.2%), and lastly, pneumococcal vaccine (17%). More than 50% of the participants expressed their willingness to receive any of the four vaccines if they knew about the benefits related to these vaccines. CONCLUSION The study showed that participants were willing to receive the vaccination if they were aware of the general benefits of vaccinations. Therefore, health education and campaigns toward recommended vaccines for high-risk group are essential and needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Alsuhebany
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shuroug A Alowais
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer Aldairem
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumaya N Almohareb
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Bin Saleh
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla M Kahtani
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama I Alnashwan
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Alay
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed G Alamri
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida K Alhathlol
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Asiri
- Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Khorasani LN, Bastani A, Shen T, Kaur G, Shah ND, Juarez L, Heyman M, Grassian J, Cho AC, Hotez E. A Qualitative Investigation on COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Neurodivergent Communities. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11050895. [PMID: 37242999 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11050895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is a major barrier to vaccination, hindering the success of vaccine efforts and thereby increasing public health risk to viral diseases, including COVID-19. Neurodivergent (ND) individuals, including individuals with an intellectual and/or developmental disability, have demonstrated a heightened risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19, highlighting the need for further research specifically on ND communities. We conducted a qualitative analysis using in-depth interviews with medical professionals, non-medical health professionals and communicators, and ND individuals or their caregivers. Using a thematic coding analysis methodology, trained coders identified major themes according to 24 distinct codes spanning across the categories of (1) barriers to vaccination; (2) facilitators to vaccination; and (3) suggestions for improving vaccine confidence. Qualitative findings identify misinformation, perception of vaccine risk, sensory sensitivities, and structural hardship as the most significant barriers to COVID-19 vaccination. We highlight the importance of accommodations to vaccination for the ND community alongside coordinated efforts by healthcare leaders to direct their communities to accurate sources of medical information. This work will inform the direction of future research on vaccine hesitancy, and the development of programs specific to the ND community's access to vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila N Khorasani
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Asal Bastani
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tammy Shen
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gurlovellen Kaur
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nilpa D Shah
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lucia Juarez
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michelle Heyman
- Graduate School of Education, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Julie Grassian
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - An-Chuen Cho
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Emily Hotez
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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14
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Sorid SD, Yap DL, Bravo AJ, Behar E. The Moderating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty in the Relationship Between Health Anxiety and Pandemic-Related Stress. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2023; 47:340-349. [PMID: 37168694 PMCID: PMC10025784 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-023-10365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Global pandemics, including COVID-19, have a significant effect on mental health, and this may be especially true for individuals with health anxiety. Although health anxiety is related to both pandemic-related fears and perceptions of health risks, there is a paucity of research on individual difference variables that might exert an influence on these relationships. The present study examined intolerance of uncertainty (IU) as a potential moderator of the relationship between health anxiety and COVID-related stress, and the relationship between health anxiety and perceived risk of contracting COVID. Design and Methods A nationally representative sample of North American adults (N = 204) completed self-report measures of health anxiety, IU, COVID-related stress, and perceived risk of contracting COVID. Results Prospective IU moderated the positive relationship between health anxiety and COVID-related stress, as the relationship was strengthened at average and higher levels of prospective IU. Neither IU subscale moderated the relationship between health anxiety and perceived risk. Conclusion These results suggest that individuals with elevated health anxiety and high prospective IU may be at higher risk of experiencing COVID-related stress, illuminating the interplay of risk factors that place anxious populations at an increased risk of experiencing stress during acute health risks. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-023-10365-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D. Sorid
- William & Mary, Williamsburg, United States
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
| | - David L. Yap
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, United States
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, United States
| | | | - Evelyn Behar
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, United States
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, United States
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15
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Association between COVID-19 and Seasonal Influenza Vaccines to Vaccine Hesitancy, Intolerance of Uncertainty and Mental Health. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020403. [PMID: 36851278 PMCID: PMC9959542 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is a universal problem that is becoming more prevalent, ranging from partial acceptance to the complete refusal of various vaccines. The current study seeks to assess the relationship between vaccine hesitancy, intolerance of uncertainty, and mental health factors and those who were vaccinated against COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in comparison to those who did not vaccinate against both or decided to be vaccinated with only one of these vaccines. Employing a cross-sectional design, 1068 Israeli participants were recruited via social media (mainly Facebook) and Whatsapp and completed questionnaires assessing vaccine hesitancy, intolerance of uncertainty, and mental health factors. Our results revealed that previous history of neither COVID-19 nor seasonal influenza vaccination was associated with increased vaccine hesitancy. In addition, individuals who received either one vaccine or both claimed elevated levels of intolerance of uncertainty and reported elevated levels of mental health symptoms. Therefore, an association between vaccine hesitancy and intolerance of uncertainty and mental health symptoms is demonstrated. Future campaigns against vaccine hesitancy may focus on the intolerance of uncertainty in vaccine-hesitant individuals.
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16
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COVID-19 Vaccination and Alcohol Consumption: Justification of Risks. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020163. [PMID: 36839435 PMCID: PMC9967163 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, pharmaceutical companies and research institutions have been actively working to develop vaccines, and the mass roll-out of vaccinations against COVID-19 began in January 2021. At the same time, during lockdowns, the consumption of alcoholic beverages increased. During the peak of vaccination, consumption remained at high levels around the world, despite the gradual relaxation of quarantine restrictions. Two of the popular queries on search engines were whether it is safe to drink alcohol after vaccination and whether this will affect the effectiveness of vaccines. Over the past two years, many studies have been published suggesting that excessive drinking not only worsens the course of an acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus but can also exacerbate post-COVID-19 syndrome. Despite all sorts of online speculation, there is no specific scientific data on alcohol-induced complications after vaccination in the literature. Most of the published vaccine clinical trials do not include groups of patients with a history of alcohol-use disorders. This review analyzed the well-known and new mechanisms of action of COVID-19 vaccines on the immune system and the effects of alcohol and its metabolites on these mechanisms.
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17
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Holman AC, Popușoi SA. Afraid but misinformed: Conspiracist beliefs cancel the positive influence of fear of COVID-19 on vaccination intentions - Findings from a Romanian sample. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1109064. [PMID: 37151344 PMCID: PMC10158732 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1109064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors that make people more likely to refuse vaccination against COVID-19 is crucial in order to design public health messages efficient in increasing vaccination rates. As COVID-19 creates risks of seriously damaging health effects, fear of this disease is as a significant determinant of vaccination intentions, as indicated by past research. Nevertheless, this positive influence may be limited in people who do not consider vaccines as a solution to protect against COVID-19, especially those who hold conspiracist beliefs about the new coronavirus and, implicitly, about the newly developed vaccines. The present study examined in a cross-sectional design on a convenience sample (N = 564) the joint effect of fear of COVID-19 and conspiracist beliefs on vaccination intentions, advancing past research on their independent influences. Furthermore, we investigated and controlled the effects of perceived risk of catching COVID-19, trust in medical experts, attitude towards vaccination and socio-demographical characteristics (i.e., gender, age, and education), previously found to be associated to COVID-19 vaccination intentions. We also tested the effect of ambivalence towards vaccination, i.e., the degree to which people simultaneously hold positive and negative evaluations of this intervention, as the widespread misinformation on the new coronavirus and its vaccines may induce ambivalence on this latter issue in many people. The results showed that the positive effect of fear of COVID-19 on vaccination intentions emerged only in participants who tend not to endorse conspiracist ideas on the new coronavirus. Moreover, higher vaccine hesitancy was found in participants with higher ambivalence towards vaccination, in those who perceive the risk of being contaminated by the new coronavirus as low, and in those with more negative attitudes towards vaccines in general. Vaccine ambivalence also emerged as a mediator of the negative effects of conspiracist beliefs about COVID-19 on vaccination intentions. This pattern of findings suggests the public messages emphasizing the risks of COVID-19 should also combat misinformation in order to maximize vaccine uptake.
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18
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Bosire EN, Cho A, Kamau LW, Bosire V, Mendenhall E. Views on COVID-19 vaccination among residents of Eldoret, Kenya during the 2021 vaccine rollout. Glob Public Health 2023; 18:2278877. [PMID: 37967534 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2023.2278877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The Government of Kenya initiated COVID-19 vaccination program in March 2021. However, vaccine uptake remains low, especially in rural areas in Kenya. We interviewed 40 residents of Eldoret town to explore the knowledge, beliefs, and meanings they attach towards vaccines generally, and why they chose to vaccinate or not. Two-thirds of our participants perceived themselves to be at risk of COVID-19 infections. About half demonstrated willingness to be vaccinated and about a third had been vaccinated. All participants were knowledgeable about the broader benefits of vaccination. Yet, widespread beliefs that vaccination programmes target children and pregnant women decreased vaccine acceptance. Also, we found that concerns about vaccine safety, lack of knowledge, misinformation from social media, and conspiracy theories contributed to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Eldoret. Low COVID-19 vaccination rates and hesitancy - even when the vaccines are accessible and free in Kenya - cannot be ignored. The current COVID-19 vaccination prioritisation schedule (distinct from the usual structure where children, childbearing women are prioritised) and beliefs that older people are targeted to test vaccines efficacy must be addressed through improved communication and mass education. More research is needed to investigate the socio-economic, political, and historical factors that influence vaccine hesitancy in Kenya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna N Bosire
- Brain and Mind Institute, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Allie Cho
- Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Violet Bosire
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Emily Mendenhall
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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19
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Gu W, Liu Y, Lu Z, Wang J, Che X, Xu Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Du J, Zhang X, Chen J. Associated factors of burnout among Chinese vaccination staff during COVID-19 epidemic: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1086889. [PMID: 36969614 PMCID: PMC10030716 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1086889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective During the COVID-19 epidemic, vaccination staff had three main aspects of work: routine vaccination for children and adults, COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 prevention and control. All these works significantly increased the workload of vaccination staff. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of burnout among vaccination staff in Hangzhou, China. Methods A total of 501 vaccination staff from 201 community/township healthcare centers in Hangzhou were recruited using a cross-sectional survey through WeChat social platform. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Scale (MBI-GS) was used to assess the level of burnout. Descriptive statistics were made on the characteristics of participants. Univariate analysis using the chi-square test and multivariable analysis using binary logistic regression were conducted to determine the relative predictors of burnout. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to determine the relative predictors of exhaustive emotion, cynicism, and personal accomplishment. Results During the COVID-19 pandemic, 20.8% of the vaccination staff experienced burnout. Educational level above undergraduate education level, medium professional title, and more working time in COVID-19 vaccination work reported a higher degree of job burnout. The vaccination staff was experiencing a high degree of exhaustive emotion, cynicism, and low personal accomplishment. Professional title, working place, and working time for COVID-19 vaccination were associated with exhaustive emotion and cynicism. Professional title and participation time for COVID-19 prevention and control were associated with personal accomplishment. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the prevalence rate of burnout is high among vaccination staff during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially with a low level of personal accomplishment. Psychological intervention for vaccination staff is urgently needed.
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20
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Possible predictors of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in the psychiatric population – A scoping review. PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:100075. [PMID: 36118596 PMCID: PMC9467935 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2022.100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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