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Franco DMM, Covas TR, Pereira RCL, da Silva LC, Rangel MD, Simas RC, Dufrayer GHM, Vaz BG. Direct sulfur-containing compound speciation in crude oils and high-boiling fractions by APCI (+) FT-ICR mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2635-2642. [PMID: 38497244 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02060f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we focus on advancing the methodology for detecting sulfur-containing compounds (SCCs) in crude oils and their derivatives. These compounds are critical for geochemical analysis, crude oil evaluation, and overcoming production and refining challenges. Although various analytical techniques exist, the precision and resolution power of Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) stand out. However, the current methods for characterizing SCCs in petroleum products often lack standardization and tend to be complex and time-consuming. Our research introduces the use of Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) as an efficient alternative. We employed a mixture of toluene and methanol (1 : 1 ratio) for APCI, which demonstrated superior performance in sulfur speciation compared to mixtures of toluene and acetonitrile. Our specified method showed high repeatability, with coefficients of variation reported between 5% and 14%. This method effectively covers a wide range of double bond equivalents (DBEs) from 1 to 25 and various carbon numbers, demonstrating notable repeatability and reproducibility. Compared to results from ESI post-S-methylation and Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization (APPI), APCI offers a more comprehensive analysis of sulfur compounds, presenting a broad spectrum of molecular formulae and extending across a vast range of carbon numbers and DBEs. Here, we demonstrate that APCI is a robust and efficient method for direct and extensive sulfur speciation in crude oil and its high-boiling fractions, marking a significant advancement over existing techniques. This methodological improvement opens new pathways for more accurate and efficient sulfur compound analysis in petroleum products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Mitze Muller Franco
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Taynara Rodrigues Covas
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Rosana Cardoso Lopes Pereira
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Lidya Cardozo da Silva
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Mario Duncan Rangel
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | | | - Gabriel Henry Morais Dufrayer
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Vrkoslav V, Horká P, Jindřich J, Buděšínský M, Cvačka J. Silver Ion High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry: A Tool for Analyzing Cuticular Hydrocarbons. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093794. [PMID: 37175204 PMCID: PMC10179885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aliphatic hydrocarbons (HCs) are usually analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. However, analyzing long-chain HCs by GC is difficult because of their low volatility and the risk of decomposition at high temperatures. MALDI cannot distinguish between isomeric HCs. An alternative approach based on silver ion high-performance liquid chromatography (Ag-HPLC) is shown here. The separation of HC standards and cuticular HCs was accomplished using two ChromSpher Lipids columns connected in series. A gradient elution of the analytes was optimized using mobile phases prepared from hexane (or isooctane) and acetonitrile, 2-propanol, or toluene. HCs were detected by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS). Good separation of the analytes according to the number of double bonds, cis/trans geometry, and position of double bonds was achieved. The retention times increased with the number of double bonds, and trans isomers eluted ahead of cis isomers. The mobile phase significantly affected the mass spectra of HCs. Depending on the mobile phase composition, deprotonated molecules, molecular ions, protonated molecules, and various solvent-related adducts of HCs were observed. The optimized Ag-HPLC/APCI-MS was applied for characterizing cuticular HCs from a flesh fly, Neobellieria bullata, and cockroach, Periplaneta americana. The method made it possible to detect a significantly higher number of HCs than previously reported for GC or MALDI-MS. Unsaturated HCs were frequently detected as isomers differing by double-bond position(s). Minor HCs with trans double bonds were found beside the prevailing cis isomers. Ag-HPLC/APCI-MS has great potential to become a new tool in chemical ecology for studying cuticular HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Vrkoslav
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Náměstí 542/2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Horká
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Náměstí 542/2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Jindřich
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Náměstí 542/2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Náměstí 542/2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Li S, Wu J, Zhang W, Jiang Y, Hu M, Chung KH, Shi Q. Speciation and molecular characterization of thiophenic and sulfide compounds in petroleum by sulfonation and methylation followed by electrospray mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1889-1896. [PMID: 36820910 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Thiophenes and sulfides are the dominant sulfur-containing compounds in petroleum and have been widely of concern in the fields of petroleum refining and geochemistry. In this study, a novel approach was developed for selective separation and characterization of petroleum-derived thiophenic and sulfide compounds. Thiophenic compounds were selectively converted to sulfonates in the presence of vitriolic acid and can be characterized by negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry. Thiophenic sulfonates were further separated from the oil by silica chromatography and enabled the molecular characterization of sulfides in the residual oil. Various model sulfur compounds and a vacuum gas oil were used to validate the method; thiophenic and sulfide biomarker compounds in a well-documented crude oil were selectively characterized. The results indicate that the approach is feasible for molecular characterization of thiophenic and sulfide compounds, which is complementary to recently developed methods for separation and/or ionization of sulfur compounds in petroleum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuofan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Petroleum Molecular Engineering Center (PMEC), China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Petroleum Molecular Engineering Center (PMEC), China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Petroleum Molecular Engineering Center (PMEC), China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Petroleum Molecular Engineering Center (PMEC), China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Hu
- Institute of Chemicals &Advanced Materials, CNOOC, Beijing, 102200, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Petroleum Molecular Engineering Center (PMEC), China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, People's Republic of China.
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Acter T, Lee S, Uddin N, Mow KM, Kim S. Characterization of petroleum‐related natural organic matter by ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health Science Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Kamarum Monira Mow
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Green‐Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
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Fu Y, Li W, Manheim JM, Milton J, Kilaz G, Kenttämaa HI. Proton Affinities of Alkanes. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1850-1857. [PMID: 36106724 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical characterization of complex mixtures of large alkanes is critically important for many fields, including petroleomics and the development of renewable transportation fuels. Tandem mass spectrometry is the only analytical method that can be used to characterize such mixtures at the molecular level. Many ionization methods used in mass spectrometry involve proton transfer to the analyte. Unfortunately, very few proton affinity (PA) values are available for alkanes. Indeed, previous research has shown that most protonated alkanes (MH+) are not stable but fragment spontaneously via the elimination of a hydrogen molecule to form [M - H]+ ions. Here, the PAs of several n-alkanes and alkylcyclohexanes containing 5-8 carbon atoms, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and ethylcyclohexane, were determined via bracketing experiments by using a linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. Monitoring the formation of the [M - H]+ ions in reactions between the alkanes and protonated reference bases with known PAs revealed that the PAs of all the alkanes fell into the range 721 ± 20 kJ mol-1. In order to obtain a more accurate estimate of the relative PAs of different alkanes, two alkanes were introduced simultaneously into the ion trap and allowed to react with the same protonated reference base. Based on these experiments, the longer the alkyl chain in an n-alkane or alkylcyclohexane the greater the PA. Further, when considering alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms, the PAs of those with a cyclohexane ring were found to be greater than those with no such ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wanru Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeremy M Manheim
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jacob Milton
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Gozdem Kilaz
- Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hilkka I Kenttämaa
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Valadbeigi Y, Causon T. Significance of Competitive Reactions in an Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Ion Source: Effect of Solvent. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:961-973. [PMID: 35562191 PMCID: PMC9164235 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ionization of organic compounds with different structural and energetic properties including benzene derivatives, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ketones, and polyenes was studied using a commercial atmospheric pressure corona discharge (APCI) ion source on a drift tube ion mobility-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (IM-QTOFMS). It was found that the studied cohort of compounds can be experimentally ionized via protonation, charge transfer, and hydride abstraction leading to formation of [M + H]+, [M]+•, and [M - H]+ species, respectively. By experimentally monitoring the product ions and comparing the thermodynamic data for different ionization paths, it was proposed that NO+ is one of the main reactant ions (RIs) in the ion source used. Of particular focus in this work were theoretical and experimental studies of the effect of solvents frequently used for analytical applications with this ion source (acetonitrile, methanol, and chloroform) on the ionization mechanisms. In methanol, the studied compounds were observed to be ionized mainly via proton transfer while acetonitrile suppressed the protonation of compounds and enhanced their ionization via charge transfer and hydride abstraction. Use of chloroform as a solvent led to formation of CHCl2+ as an alternative reactant ion (RI) to ionize the analytes via electrophilic substitution. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to study the different paths of ionization. The theoretical and experimental results showed that by using only the absolute thermodynamic data, the real ionization path cannot be determined and the energies of all competing processes such as charge transfer, protonation, and hydride abstraction need to be compared.
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7
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Kim S, Kim D, Jung MJ, Kim S. Analysis of environmental organic matters by Ultrahigh-Resolution mass spectrometry-A review on the development of analytical methods. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:352-369. [PMID: 33491249 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing environmental and climate changes globally, there is an increasing interest in the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures, that is, the pursuit of complete and detailed knowledge of the chemical compositions and related chemical reactions. Environmental organic molecule mixtures, including those in air, soil, rivers, and oceans, have extremely complex and heterogeneous chemical compositions. For their analyses, ultrahigh-resolution and sub-ppb level mass accuracy, achievable using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), are important. FT-ICR MS has been successfully used to analyze complex environmental organic molecule mixtures such as natural, soil, particulate, and dissolved organic matter. Despite its success, many limitations still need to be overcome. Sample preparation, ionization, structural identification, chromatographic separation, and data interpretation are some key areas that have been the focus of numerous studies. This review describes key developments in analytical techniques in these areas to aid researchers seeking to start or continue investigations for the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, Korea
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8
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Sussman EM, Oktem B, Isayeva IS, Liu J, Wickramasekara S, Chandrasekar V, Nahan K, Shin HY, Zheng J. Chemical Characterization and Non-targeted Analysis of Medical Device Extracts: A Review of Current Approaches, Gaps, and Emerging Practices. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:939-963. [PMID: 35171560 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The developers of medical devices evaluate the biocompatibility of their device prior to FDA's review and subsequent introduction to the market. Chemical characterization, described in ISO 10993-18:2020, can generate information for toxicological risk assessment and is an alternative approach for addressing some biocompatibility end points (e.g., systemic toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive/developmental toxicity) that can reduce the time and cost of testing and the need for animal testing. Additionally, chemical characterization can be used to determine whether modifications to the materials and manufacturing processes alter the chemistry of a patient-contacting device to an extent that could impact device safety. Extractables testing is one approach to chemical characterization that employs combinations of non-targeted analysis, non-targeted screening, and/or targeted analysis to establish the identities and quantities of the various chemical constituents that can be released from a device. Due to the difficulty in obtaining a priori information on all the constituents in finished devices, information generation strategies in the form of analytical chemistry testing are often used. Identified and quantified extractables are then assessed using toxicological risk assessment approaches to determine if reported quantities are sufficiently low to overcome the need for further chemical analysis, biological evaluation of select end points, or risk control. For extractables studies to be useful as a screening tool, comprehensive and reliable non-targeted methods are needed. Although non-targeted methods have been adopted by many laboratories, they are laboratory-specific and require expensive analytical instruments and advanced technical expertise to perform. In this Perspective, we describe the elements of extractables studies and provide an overview of the current practices, identified gaps, and emerging practices that may be adopted on a wider scale in the future. This Perspective is outlined according to the steps of an extractables study: information gathering, extraction, extract sample processing, system selection, qualification, quantification, and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Sussman
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Berk Oktem
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Irada S Isayeva
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Jinrong Liu
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Samanthi Wickramasekara
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Vaishnavi Chandrasekar
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Keaton Nahan
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Hainsworth Y Shin
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Jiwen Zheng
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
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Lee J, Kim MS, Kim HS, Choe YK, Cho SG, Goh EM, Kim J. Characterization of RDX and HMX explosive adduct ions using ESI FT-ICR MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 56:e4632. [PMID: 32767485 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of two common explosives such as cyclonite (RDX) and cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX) using a mass spectrometer with ultrahigh resolution and accuracy has not been comprehensively performed. Here, ultrahigh mass accuracy 15-T Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) spectra were utilized to comprehensively characterize the adduct ions of RDX and HMX. Two different ionization sources such as a conventional electrospray ionization (ESI) source and a chip-based static nano-ESI source were used to investigate the adduct ions of RDX and HMX. The ESI-MS analyses of two explosives in negative ion mode provide some adduct ions of RDX and HMX even without prior addition of their corresponding anions. A total of six types of adduct ion were characterized: [M + Cl]- , [M + HCOO]- , [M + NO2 ]- , [M + CH3 COO]- , [M + NO3 ]- , and [M + C3 H5 O3 ]- , where M is either RDX or HMX. The ultrahigh accuracy of the 15-T FT-ICR MS was utilized to distinguish two closely spaced peaks representing the monoisotopic [M + NO2 ]- and second isotopic [M + HCOO]- ions, thereby enabling the discovery of a [M + NO2 ]- adduct ion in the ESI analysis of RDX or HMX. [M + NO2 ]- and [M + CH3 COO]- adduct ions were only observed when using a static nano-ESI source. It is the first report explaining the discovery of [M + NO2 ]- adduct ion in the ESI-MS analyses of RDX and HMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-Ro, Ochang-Eup, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungcheongbuk-Do, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-Ro, Ochang-Eup, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungcheongbuk-Do, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoong-Kee Choe
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Soo Gyeong Cho
- Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, 34186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mee Goh
- Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, 34186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Alton MW, Browne EC. Atmospheric Chemistry of Volatile Methyl Siloxanes: Kinetics and Products of Oxidation by OH Radicals and Cl Atoms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:5992-5999. [PMID: 32339458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS) are ubiquitous anthropogenic pollutants that have recently come under scrutiny for their potential toxicity and environmental persistence. In this work, we determined the rate constants for oxidation by OH radicals and Cl atoms at 297 ± 3 K and atmospheric pressure in Boulder, CO (∼860 mbar) of hexamethyldisiloxane (L2), octamethyltrisiloxane (L3), decamethyltetrasiloxane (L4), dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5), hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). Measured rate constants with OH radicals were (1.20 ± 0.09) × 10-12, (1.7 ± 0.1) × 10-12, (2.5 ± 0.2) × 10-12, (3.4 ± 0.5) × 10-12, (0.86 ± 0.09) × 10-12, (1.3 ± 0.1) × 10-12, and (2.1 ± 0.1) × 10-12 cm3 molec-1 s-1, for L2, L3, L4, L5, D3, D4, and D5, respectively. The rate constants for reactions with Cl atoms with the same compounds were (1.44 ± 0.05) × 10-10, (1.85 ± 0.05) × 10-10, (2.2 ± 0.1) × 10-10, (2.9 ± 0.1) × 10-10, (0.56 ± 0.05) × 10-10, (1.16 ± 0.08) × 10-10, and (1.8 ± 0.1) × 10-10 cm3 molec-1 s-1, respectively. Substituent factors of F(-Si(CH3)2OR) and F(-SiCH3(OR)2) are proposed for use in AOPWIN, a common model for OH radical rate constant estimations. Cl atoms can remove percentage levels of VMS globally with potentially increased importance in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell W Alton
- Department of Chemistry and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Eleanor C Browne
- Department of Chemistry and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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Minh TN, Xuan TD, Van TM, Andriana Y, Viet TD, Khanh TD, Tran HD. Phytochemical Analysis and Potential Biological Activities of Essential Oil from Rice Leaf. Molecules 2019; 24:E546. [PMID: 30717326 PMCID: PMC6384862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many investigations on phytochemicals in rice plant parts and root exudates have been conducted, information on the chemical profile of essential oil (EO) and potent biological activities has been limited. In this study, chemical compositions of rice leaf EO and in vitro biological activities were investigated. From 1.5 kg of fresh rice leaves, an amount of 20 mg EO was obtained by distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray ionization (ESI), and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) to reveal the presence of twelve volatile constituents, of which methyl ricinoleate (27.86%) was the principal compound, followed by palmitic acid (17.34%), and linolenic acid (11.16%), while 2-pentadecanone was the least (2.13%). Two phytoalexin momilactones A and B were first time identified in EO using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS) (9.80 and 4.93 ng/g fresh weight, respectively), which accounted for 7.35% and 3.70% of the EO, respectively. The assays of DPPH (IC50 = 73.1 µg/mL), ABTS (IC50 = 198.3 µg/mL), FRAP (IC50 = 700.8 µg/mL) and β-carotene oxidation (LPI = 79%) revealed that EO possessed an excellent antioxidant activity. The xanthine oxidase assay indicated that the anti-hyperuricemia potential was in a moderate level (IC50 = 526 µg/mL) as compared with the standard allopurinol. The EO exerted potent inhibition on growth of Raphanus sativus, Lactuca sativa, and two noxious weeds Echinochloa crus-galli, and Bidens pilosa, but in contrast, the growth of rice seedlings was promoted. Among the examined plants, the growth of the E. crus-galli root was the most inhibited, proposing that constituents found in EO may have potential for the control of the problematic paddy weed E. crus-galli. It was found that the EO of rice leaves contained rich phytochemicals, which were potent in antioxidants and gout treatment, as well as weed management. Findings of this study highlighted the potential value of rice leaves, which may provide extra benefits for rice farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Ngoc Minh
- Graduate school for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Tran Dang Xuan
- Graduate school for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Truong Mai Van
- Graduate school for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Yusuf Andriana
- Graduate school for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Tran Duc Viet
- Graduate school for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Tran Dang Khanh
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Hanoi City 123000, Vietnam.
- Center for Expert, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam.
| | - Hoang-Dung Tran
- Department of Biotechnology, NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen-Tat-Thanh University, 298A-300A Nguyen-Tat-Thanh Street, 13 Ward, District 04, Ho Chi Minh City 72820, Vietnam.
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Giri A, Coutriade M, Racaud A, Stefanuto PH, Okuda K, Dane J, Cody RB, Focant JF. Compositional elucidation of heavy petroleum base oil by GC × GC-EI/PI/CI/FI-TOFMS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:148-157. [PMID: 30536759 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry is a powerful separation tool for complex petroleum product analysis. However, the most commonly used electron ionization (EI) technique often makes the identification of the majority of hydrocarbons impossible due to the exhaustive fragmentation and lack of molecular ion preservation, prompting the need of soft-ionization energies. In this study, three different soft-ionization techniques including photo ionization (PI), chemical ionization (CI), and field ionization (FI) were compared against EI to elucidate their relative capabilities to reveal different base oil hydrocarbon classes. Compared with EI (70 eV), PI (10.8 eV) retained significant molecular ion (M+· ) information for a large number of isomeric species including branched-alkanes and saturated monocyclic hydrocarbons along with unique fragmentation patterns. However, for bicyclic/polycyclic naphthenic and aromatic compounds, EI played upper hand by retaining molecular as well as fragment ions to identify the species, whereas PI exhibited mainly molecular ion signals. On the other hand, CI revealed selectivity towards different base oil groups, particularly for steranes, sulfur-containing thiophenes, and esters, yielding protonated molecular ions (M + H)+ for unsaturated and hydride abstracted ions (M-H+ ) for saturated hydrocarbons. FI, as expected, generated intact molecular ions (M+· ) irrespective to the base oil chemical classes. It allowed elemental composition by TOFMS with a mass resolving power up to 8000 (FWHM) and a mass accuracy of 1 mDa, leading to the calculation of heteroatomic content, double bond equivalency, and carbon number of the compounds. The qualitative and quantitative results presented herein offer a unique perspective into the detailed comparison of different ionization techniques corresponding to several hydrocarbon classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Giri
- Analytical GTC-EUR, SABIC, Plasticslaan 1, Bergen op Zoom, 4612CX, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Coutriade
- Centre de Recherche de Solaize, Total Marketing Services, Chemin du Canal-BP 22, Solaize, 69360, France
| | - Amandine Racaud
- Centre de Recherche de Solaize, Total Marketing Services, Chemin du Canal-BP 22, Solaize, 69360, France
| | - Pierre-Hugues Stefanuto
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Biological Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Liège, Allée du 6 aout, B6c, Liège (Sart Tilman), B-4000, Belgium
| | - Koji Okuda
- JEOL USA, 11 Dearborn Road, Peabody, MA, 01960, USA
| | - John Dane
- JEOL USA, 11 Dearborn Road, Peabody, MA, 01960, USA
| | | | - Jean-François Focant
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Biological Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Liège, Allée du 6 aout, B6c, Liège (Sart Tilman), B-4000, Belgium
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Comparing Crude Oils with Different API Gravities on a Molecular Level Using Mass Spectrometric Analysis. Part 1: Whole Crude Oil. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11102766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Different ionization techniques based on different principles have been applied for the direct mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of crude oils providing composition profiles. Such profiles have been used to infer a number of crude oil properties. We have tested the ability of two major atmospheric pressure ionization techniques, electrospray ionization (ESI(±)) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI(+)), in conjunction with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The ultrahigh resolution and accuracy measurements of FT-ICR MS allow for the correlation of mass spectrometric (MS) data with crude oil American Petroleum Institute (API) gravities, which is a major quality parameter used to guide crude oil refining, and represents a value of the density of a crude oil. The double bond equivalent (DBE) distribution as a function of the classes of constituents, as well as the carbon numbers as measured by the carbon number distributions, were examined to correlate the API gravities of heavy, medium, and light crude oils with molecular FT-ICR MS data. An aromaticity tendency was found to directly correlate the FT-ICR MS data with API gravities, regardless of the ionization technique used. This means that an analysis on the molecular level can explain the differences between a heavy and a light crude oil on the basis of the aromaticity of the compounds in different classes. This tendency of FT-ICR MS with all three techniques, namely, ESI(+), ESI(−), and APPI(+), indicates that the molecular composition of the constituents of crude oils is directly associated with API gravity.
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Kew W, Mackay CL, Goodall I, Clarke DJ, Uhrín D. Complementary Ionization Techniques for the Analysis of Scotch Whisky by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11265-11272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Will Kew
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH9 3FJ
| | - C. Logan Mackay
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH9 3FJ
| | - Ian Goodall
- The Scotch Whisky Research Institute, The Robertson Trust Building, Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH14 4AP
| | - David J. Clarke
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH9 3FJ
| | - Dušan Uhrín
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH9 3FJ
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Strmeň T, Vrkoslav V, Pačes O, Cvačka J. Evaluation of an ion source with a tubular nebulizer for microflow atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Acter T, Cho Y, Kim S, Ahmed A, Kim B, Kim S. Optimization and Application of APCI Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HDX MS) for the Speciation of Nitrogen Compounds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1522-31. [PMID: 26115964 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study was performed to investigate the utility of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (APCI HDX MS) to identify the structures of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds. First, experiments were performed to determine the optimized experimental conditions, with dichloromethane and CH(3)OD found to be good cosolvents for APCI HDX. In addition, a positive correlation between the heated capillary temperature and the observed HDX signal was observed, and it was suggested that the HDX reaction occurred when molecules were contained in the solvent cluster. Second, 20 standard nitrogen-containing compounds were analyzed to investigate whether speciation could be determined based on the different types of ions produced from nitrogen-containing compounds with various functional groups. The number of exchanges occurring within the compounds correlated well with the number of active hydrogen atoms attached to nitrogen, and it was confirmed that APCI HDX MS could be used to determine speciation. The results obtained by APCI HDX MS were combined with the subsequent investigation of the double bond equivalence distribution and indicated that resins of shale oil extract contained mostly pyridine type nitrogen compounds. This study confirmed that APCI HDX MS can be added to previously reported chemical ionization, electrospray ionization, and atmospheric pressure photo ionization-based HDX methods, which can be used for structural elucidation by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Cho Y, Ahmed A, Islam A, Kim S. Developments in FT-ICR MS instrumentation, ionization techniques, and data interpretation methods for petroleomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:248-263. [PMID: 24942384 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increasing importance of heavy and unconventional crude oil as an energy source, there is a growing need for petroleomics: the pursuit of more complete and detailed knowledge of the chemical compositions of crude oil. Crude oil has an extremely complex nature; hence, techniques with ultra-high resolving capabilities, such as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), are necessary. FT-ICR MS has been successfully applied to the study of heavy and unconventional crude oils such as bitumen and shale oil. However, the analysis of crude oil with FT-ICR MS is not trivial, and it has pushed analysis to the limits of instrumental and methodological capabilities. For example, high-resolution mass spectra of crude oils may contain over 100,000 peaks that require interpretation. To visualize large data sets more effectively, data processing methods such as Kendrick mass defect analysis and statistical analyses have been developed. The successful application of FT-ICR MS to the study of crude oil has been critically dependent on key developments in FT-ICR MS instrumentation and data processing methods. This review offers an introduction to the basic principles, FT-ICR MS instrumentation development, ionization techniques, and data interpretation methods for petroleomics and is intended for readers having no prior experience in this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
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Application of a novel metabolomic approach based on atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry using flow injection analysis for the study of Alzheimer׳s disease. Talanta 2015; 131:480-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Yue C, Li S, Song H. Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction Simulation Experiments on the Formation and Distribution of Organic Sulfur Compounds in the Tuha Crude Oil. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.7.2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Lee S, Cho Y, Kim S. Development and Application of a Software Tool for the Interpretation of Organic Mixtures' Spectra - Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange (STORM-HDX) to Interpret APPI HDX MS Spectra. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.3.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Ahmed A, Cho Y, Giles K, Riches E, Lee JW, Kim HI, Choi CH, Kim S. Elucidating Molecular Structures of Nonalkylated and Short-Chain Alkyl (n < 5, (CH2)n) Aromatic Compounds in Crude Oils by a Combination of Ion Mobility and Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometries and Theoretical Collisional Cross-Section Calculations. Anal Chem 2014; 86:3300-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4032737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ahmed
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Yunju Cho
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Jong Wha Lee
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Hugh I. Kim
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Ho Choi
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials
Research Center, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials
Research Center, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
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Hourani N, Kuhnert N. High molecular weight non-polar hydrocarbons as pure model substances and in motor oil samples can be ionized without fragmentation by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:2365-2371. [PMID: 22956329 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE High molecular weight non-polar hydrocarbons are still difficult to detect by mass spectrometry. Although several studies have targeted this problem, lack of good self-ionization has limited the ability of mass spectrometry to examine these hydrocarbons. Failure to control ion generation in the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source hampers the detection of intact stable gas-phase ions of non-polar hydrocarbon in mass spectrometry. METHODS Seventeen non-volatile non-polar hydrocarbons, reported to be difficult to ionize, were examined by an optimized APCI methodology using nitrogen as the reagent gas. RESULTS All these analytes were successfully ionized as abundant and intact stable [M-H](+) ions without the use of any derivatization or adduct chemistry and without significant fragmentation. Application of the method to real-life hydrocarbon mixtures like light shredder waste and car motor oil was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Despite numerous reports to the contrary, it is possible to ionize high molecular weight non-polar hydrocarbons by APCI, omitting the use of additives. This finding represents a significant step towards extending the applicability of mass spectrometry to non-polar hydrocarbon analyses in crude oil, petrochemical products, waste or food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Hourani
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, P.O. Box 750 561, 28725, Bremen, Germany
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24
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Cho Y, Witt M, Kim YH, Kim S. Characterization of Crude Oils at the Molecular Level by Use of Laser Desorption Ionization Fourier-Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8587-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301615m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu,
702-701 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young Hwan Kim
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, 863-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu,
702-701 Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
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González-Dominguez R, García-Barrera T, Gómez-Ariza JL. Iberian ham typification by direct infusion electrospray and photospray ionization mass spectrometry fingerprinting. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:835-844. [PMID: 22368064 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Iberian ham is a product of high commercial value whose quality mainly depends on breeding and feeding of pigs in an authorized way. Simple, fast, simple, reliable and high-throughput analytical methods are necessary to assure the quality of ham and for fraud prevention. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is proposed as an advantageous alternative over other analytical techniques commonly used in this industry for product authentication. METHODS The analytical approach is based on direct infusion electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI(+)-MS) of dichloromethane/methanol (60:40) extracts of ham intramuscular fat. Similarly, atmospheric pressure photoionization ionization mass spectrometry (APPI(+)-MS) was used with a flow injection analysis system for sample introduction with methanol/water (50%) as the mobile phase and toluene as the dopant. All experiments were performed on an API QSTAR® XL Hybrid system using both ESI and APPI sources. RESULTS The ESI(+)-MS mass spectra present several clusters of peaks attributed to ammonium adducts [M + NH(4) (+) ] of lipid compounds (mono-, di- and triacylglycerols - MGs, DGs, TGs, and free fatty acids - FFAs), that can be identified by MS/MS spectra. On the other hand, the APPI(+)-MS spectra present [M + H(+) ] ions and reflect a higher fragmentation of the sample. Five different types of Iberian ham samples were successfully classified using partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of data from these samples. CONCLUSIONS The application of direct infusion tandem mass spectrometry to dichloromethane/methanol extracts from intramuscular fat ham allows the simple, fast and reliable fingerprinting typification of different Iberian ham samples from pigs with different diets. With the proposed method, sample handling is minimal and chromatographic separation is not necessary, which represents an evident advantage over other analytical procedures usually used for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R González-Dominguez
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, Faculty of Experimental Science, University of Huelva, 21007, Huelva, Spain
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26
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Eckert PA, Roach PJ, Laskin A, Laskin J. Chemical Characterization of Crude Petroleum Using Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:1517-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ac202801g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Eckert
- William R. Wiley Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory
| | - Patrick J. Roach
- Chemical and Materials Sciences
Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Alexander Laskin
- William R. Wiley Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory
| | - Julia Laskin
- Chemical and Materials Sciences
Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Cho Y, Kim YH, Kim S. Planar Limit-Assisted Structural Interpretation of Saturates/Aromatics/Resins/Asphaltenes Fractionated Crude Oil Compounds Observed by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6068-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2011685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, 863-883, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
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Park GHJ, Park AN, Rho KR, Shin JH, Kim YJ, Jo SC, Oh WS. Liquid Chromatography-Solid Phase Extraction-NMR (LC-SPE-NMR) Analysis of Liquid Crystalline Mixtures. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MAGNETIC RESONANCE SOCIETY 2011. [DOI: 10.6564/jkmrs.2011.15.1.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kim JK, Lee EJ, Jung KW, Kim YM. Structure-Activity Relationships of 9-mer Antimicrobial Peptide analogue of Protaetiamycine, 9Pbw2. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MAGNETIC RESONANCE SOCIETY 2011. [DOI: 10.6564/jkmrs.2011.15.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P. Rodgers
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306−4390, United States
| | - Amy M. McKenna
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
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Bae E, Yeo IJ, Jeong B, Shin Y, Shin KH, Kim S. Study of Double Bond Equivalents and the Numbers of Carbon and Oxygen Atom Distribution of Dissolved Organic Matter with Negative-Mode FT-ICR MS. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4193-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200464q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- EunJung Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In Joon Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byungkwan Jeong
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University, Mokpo, Korea
| | - Yongsik Shin
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University, Mokpo, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, Korea
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Gao J, Borton DJ, Owen BC, Jin Z, Hurt M, Amundson LM, Madden JT, Qian K, Kenttämaa HI. Laser-induced acoustic desorption/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2011; 22:531-8. [PMID: 21472571 PMCID: PMC3073421 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-010-0048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) was successfully coupled to a conventional atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source in a commercial linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer (LQIT). Model compounds representing a wide variety of different types, including basic nitrogen and oxygen compounds, aromatic and aliphatic compounds, as well as unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons, were tested separately and as a mixture. These model compounds were successfully evaporated into the gas phase by using LIAD and then ionized by using APCI with different reagents. From the four APCI reagent systems tested, neat carbon disulfide provided the best results. The mixture of methanol and water produced primarily protonated molecules, as expected. However, only the most basic compounds yielded ions under these conditions. In sharp contrast, using APCI with either neat benzene or neat carbon disulfide as the reagent resulted in the ionization of all the analytes studied to predominantly yield stable molecular ions. Benzene yielded a larger fraction of protonated molecules than carbon disulfide, which is a disadvantage. A similar but minor amount of fragmentation was observed for these two reagents. When the experiment was performed without a liquid reagent (nitrogen gas was the reagent), more fragmentation was observed. Analysis of a known mixture as well as a petroleum cut was also carried out. In summary, the new experiment presented here allows the evaporation of thermally labile compounds, both polar and nonpolar, without dissociation or aggregation, and their ionization to predominantly form stable molecular ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - David J. Borton
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Benjamin C. Owen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Zhicheng Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Matt Hurt
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Lucas M. Amundson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Jeremy T. Madden
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Kuangnan Qian
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, New Jersey 08801
| | - Hilkka I. Kenttämaa
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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Ahmed A, Cho YJ, No MH, Koh J, Tomczyk N, Giles K, Yoo JS, Kim S. Application of the Mason−Schamp Equation and Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry To Identify Structurally Related Compounds in Crude Oil. Anal Chem 2010; 83:77-83. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101934q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yun Ju Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Myoung-han No
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jaesuk Koh
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nicholas Tomczyk
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kevin Giles
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong Shin Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Waters MS Technologies Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom, and Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
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