1
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Diemer V, Roy E, Agouridas V, Melnyk O. Protein desulfurization and deselenization. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39010733 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Methods enabling the dechalcogenation of thiols or selenols have been investigated and developed for a long time in fields of research as diverse as the study of prebiotic chemistry, the engineering of fuel processing techniques, the study of biomolecule structures and function or the chemical synthesis of biomolecules. The dechalcogenation of thiol or selenol amino acids is nowadays a particularly flourishing area of research for being a pillar of modern chemical protein synthesis, when used in combination with thiol or selenol-based chemoselective peptide ligation chemistries. This review offers a comprehensive and scholarly overview of the field, emphasizing emerging trends and providing a detailed and critical mechanistic discussion of the dechalcogenation methods developed so far. Taking advantage of recently published reports, it also clarifies some unexpected desulfurization reactions that were observed in the past and for which no explanation was provided at the time. Additionally, the review includes a discussion on principal desulfurization methods within the framework of newly introduced green chemistry metrics and toolkits, providing a well-rounded exploration of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Diemer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Eliott Roy
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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2
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Cai J, Nielsen MW, Kalogeropoulos K, auf dem Keller U, van der Plas MJ. Peptidomic analysis of endogenous and bacterial protease activity in human plasma and wound fluids. iScience 2024; 27:109005. [PMID: 38333691 PMCID: PMC10850760 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Endogenous and bacterial proteases play important roles in wound healing and infection. Analysis of alterations in the low-molecular-weight peptidome by individual enzymes could therefore provide insight into proteolytic events occurring in wounds and may aid in the discovery of biomarkers. Using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, we characterized the peptidome of plasma and acute wound fluids digested ex vivo with human (neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G) and bacterial proteases (Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasB and Staphyloccocus aureus V8). We identified over 100 protein targets for each enzyme and characterized enzyme specific peptides and cleavage patterns. Moreover, we found unique peptide regions in V8 digested samples that were also present in dressing extracts from S. aureus infected wounds. Finally, the work indicates that peptidomic analysis of qualitative differences of proteolytic activity of individual enzymes may aid in the discovery of potential diagnostic biomarkers for wound healing status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cai
- LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Maike W. Nielsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Ulrich auf dem Keller
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mariena J.A. van der Plas
- LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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3
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Albanese K, Morris PT, Read de Alaniz J, Bates CM, Hawker CJ. Controlled-Radical Polymerization of α-Lipoic Acid: A General Route to Degradable Vinyl Copolymers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22728-22734. [PMID: 37813389 PMCID: PMC10591472 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of statistical and block copolymers containing α-lipoic acid (LA) using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. LA, a readily available nutritional supplement, undergoes efficient radical ring-opening copolymerization with vinyl monomers in a controlled manner with predictable molecular weights and low molar-mass dispersities. Because lipoic acid diads present in the resulting copolymers include disulfide bonds, these materials efficiently and rapidly degrade when exposed to mild reducing agents such as tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (Mn = 56 → 3.6 kg mol-1). This scalable and versatile polymerization method affords a facile way to synthesize degradable polymers with controlled architectures, molecular weights, and molar-mass dispersities from α-lipoic acid, a commercially available and renewable monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin
R. Albanese
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Parker T. Morris
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Christopher M. Bates
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
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4
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Zosel F, Holla A, Schuler B. Labeling of Proteins for Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2376:207-233. [PMID: 34845612 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1716-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy has become an important technique for studying the conformational dynamics and folding of proteins. A key step for performing such experiments is the availability of high-quality samples. This chapter describes a simple and widely applicable strategy for preparing proteins that are site-specifically labeled with a donor and an acceptor dye for single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments. The method is based on introducing two cysteine residues that are labeled with maleimide-functionalized fluorophores, combined with high-resolution chromatography. We discuss how to optimize site-specific labeling even in the absence of orthogonal coupling chemistry and present purification strategies that are suitable for samples ranging from intrinsically disordered proteins to large folded proteins. We also discuss common problems in protein labeling, how to avoid them, and how to stringently control sample quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Zosel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Andrea Holla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Schuler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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5
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Zeng Y, Shinada K, Hano K, Sui L, Yang T, Li X, Himaki T. Effects of tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride treatment on porcine oocyte in vitro maturation and subsequent in vitro fertilized embryo developmental capacity. Theriogenology 2021; 162:32-41. [PMID: 33444914 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is a crucial process that determines subsequent in vitro embryo production. The present study investigated the effects of the antioxidant tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP-HCL) on the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and in vitro developmental competence of fertilized embryos. Oocytes were matured in IVM medium based on four concentration groups of TCEP-HCL (0, 50, 100, and 200 μM) treatment. 100 μM TCEP-HCL treatment significantly increased the oocyte first polar body extrusion rate, monospermy rate and subsequent in vitro fertilized embryo developmental capacity (cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, and blastocyst total cell number) compared to those in the control group. Furthermore, 100 μM TCEP-HCL treatment significantly reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species, significantly increased glutathione levels and mitochondrial content compared to those in the control group. Moreover, 100 μM TCEP-HCL treatment significantly decreased the oocyte apoptosis, blastocyst apoptosis compared to that in the controls. In summary, these results indicate that 100 μM TCEP-HCL treatment improves the quality and developmental capacity of in vitro-fertilized embryos by decreasing oxidative stress in porcine oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Zeng
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Kohei Shinada
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hano
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Lumin Sui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Ting Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Takehiro Himaki
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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6
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Ordikhani F, Kasinath V, Uehara M, Akbarzadeh A, Yilmam OA, Dai L, Aksu H, Jung S, Jiang L, Li X, Zhao J, Bahmani B, Ichimura T, Fiorina P, Annabi N, Abdi R. Selective Trafficking of Light Chain-Conjugated Nanoparticles to the Kidney and Renal Cell Carcinoma. NANO TODAY 2020; 35:100990. [PMID: 33244320 PMCID: PMC7685247 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Specific delivery platforms for drugs to the kidney and diagnostic agents to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) constitute urgent but unfulfilled clinical needs. To address these challenges, we engineered nanocarriers that interact selectively for the first time with proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs) in the kidney and with RCC through the interplay between lambda light chains (LCs) attached to PEGylated polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles and the membrane protein megalin. Systemic administration of these light chain-conjugated nanoparticles (LC-NPs) to mice resulted in their specific retention by megalin-expressing PTECs for seven days. Repetitive dosing of LC-NPs demonstrated no renal toxicity. LC-NPs also localized selectively to megalin-expressing RCC tumors in mice. Moreover, we confirmed that both the primary tumor and lymph node metastases of human RCC express megalin, reinforcing the potential of LC-NPs for clinical use. Thus, LC-NPs can contribute potentially to improving the management of both non-oncologic and oncologic renal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ordikhani
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mayuko Uehara
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aram Akbarzadeh
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Osman A Yilmam
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Dai
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hamza Aksu
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sungwook Jung
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Baharak Bahmani
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takaharu Ichimura
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Wiesner R, Scheller C, Krebs F, Wätzig H, Oltmann-Norden I. A comparative study of CE-SDS, SDS-PAGE, and Simple Western: Influences of sample preparation on molecular weight determination of proteins. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:206-218. [PMID: 33185281 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of capillary electrophoresis, especially CE-SDS devices, has led CE-SDS to become an established tool in a wide range of applications in the analysis of biopharmaceuticals and is increasingly replacing its method of origin, SDS-PAGE. The goal of this study was to evaluate the comparability of molecular weight (MW) determination especially by CE-SDS and SDS-PAGE. For ensuring comparability, model proteins that have little or no posttranslational modifications and an IgG antibody were used. Only a minor influence of sample preparation conditions, including sample buffer, temperature conditions, and different reducing agents on the MW determination were found. In contrast, the selection of the MW marker plays a decisive role in determining the accurate apparent MW of a protein. When using different MW markers, the deviation in MW determination can exceed 10%. Interestingly, CE-SDS and 10% SDS-PAGE hardly differ in their trueness of MW determination. The trueness in relation to the reference MW for each protein was calculated. Although the trueness values for the model proteins considered range between 1.00 and 1.11 using CE-SDS, they range between 0.93 and 1.03 on SDS-PAGE, depending on the experimental conditions chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Wiesner
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christin Scheller
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Finja Krebs
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Imke Oltmann-Norden
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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8
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Ghezellou P, Albuquerque W, Garikapati V, Casewell NR, Kazemi SM, Ghassempour A, Spengler B. Integrating Top-Down and Bottom-Up Mass Spectrometric Strategies for Proteomic Profiling of Iranian Saw-Scaled Viper, Echis carinatus sochureki, Venom. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:895-908. [PMID: 33225711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Saw-scaled or carpet vipers (genus Echis) are considered to cause a higher global snakebite mortality than any other snake. Echis carinatus sochureki (ECS) is a widely distributed snake species, also found across the thirteen provinces of Iran, where it is assumed to be responsible for the most snakebite envenomings. Here, we collected the Iranian specimens of ECS from three different geographically distinct populations, investigated food habits, and performed toxicity assessment and venom proteome profiling to better understand saw-scaled viper life. Our results show that the prey items most commonly found in all populations were arthropods, with scorpions from the family Buthidae particularly well represented. LD50 (median lethal dose) values of the crude venom demonstrate highly comparable venom toxicities in mammals. Consistent with this finding, venom characterization via top-down and bottom-up proteomics, applied to both crude venoms and size-exclusion chromatographic fractions, revealed highly comparable venom compositions among the different populations. By combining all proteomics data, we identified 22 protein families from 102 liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) raw files, including the most abundant snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs, 29-34%); phospholipase A2 (PLA2s, 26-31%); snake venom serine proteinases (SVSPs, 11-12%); l-amino acid oxidases (LAOs, 8-11%), C-type lectins/lectin-like (CTLs, 7-9%) protein families, and many newly detected ones, e.g., renin-like aspartic proteases (RLAPs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (PPIs), and venom vasodilator peptides (VVPs). Furthermore, we identified and characterized methylated, acetylated, and oxidized proteoforms relating to the PLA2 and disintegrin toxin families and the site of their modifications. It thus seems that post-translational modifications (PTMs) of toxins, particularly target lysine residues, may play an essential role in the structural and functional properties of venom proteins and might be able to influence the therapeutic response of antivenoms, to be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Wendell Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Vannuruswamy Garikapati
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Nicholas R Casewell
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, U.K
| | - Seyed Mahdi Kazemi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
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9
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Mthembu SN, Sharma A, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Breaking a Couple: Disulfide Reducing Agents. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1947-1954. [PMID: 32196882 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine is present in a large number of natural and synthetic (bio)molecules. Although the thiol side chain of Cys can be in a free form, in most cases it forms a disulfide bond either with a second Cys (bridge) or with another thiol, as in the case of protecting groups. Efficient reduction of these disulfide bridges is a requirement for many applications of Cys-containing molecules in the fields of chemistry and biochemistry. Here we review reducing methods for disulfide bonds, taking into consideration the solubility of the substrates when selecting the appropriate reducing reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla N Mthembu
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,KRISP, School of Laboratory of Medicine and Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Anamika Sharma
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,KRISP, School of Laboratory of Medicine and Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine IQAC, CSIC, Jordi Girona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- KRISP, School of Laboratory of Medicine and Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
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10
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Wang D, Nowak C, Mason B, Katiyar A, Liu H. Analytical artifacts in characterization of recombinant monoclonal antibody therapeutics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 183:113131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Julien M, Bouguechtouli C, Alik A, Ghouil R, Zinn-Justin S, Theillet FX. Multiple Site-Specific Phosphorylation of IDPs Monitored by NMR. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2141:793-817. [PMID: 32696390 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0524-0_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In line with their high accessibility, disordered proteins are exquisite targets of kinases. Eukaryotic organisms use the so-called intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or intrinsically disordered regions of proteins (IDRs) as molecular switches carrying intracellular information tuned by reversible phosphorylation schemes. Solvent-exposed serines and threonines are abundant in IDPs, and, consistently, kinases often modify disordered regions of proteins at multiple sites. In this context, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides quantitative, residue-specific information that permits mapping of phosphosites and monitoring of their individual kinetics. Hence, NMR monitoring emerges as an in vitro approach, complementary to mass-spectrometry or immuno-blotting, to characterize IDP phosphorylation comprehensively. Here, we describe in detail generic protocols for carrying out NMR monitoring of IDP phosphorylation, and we provide a number of practical insights that improve handiness and reproducibility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Julien
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France
| | - Chafiaa Bouguechtouli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France
| | - Ania Alik
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France
| | - Rania Ghouil
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France
| | - Sophie Zinn-Justin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France
| | - François-Xavier Theillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France.
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12
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Horváth D, Taricska N, Keszei E, Stráner P, Farkas V, Tóth GK, Perczel A. Compactness of Protein Folds Alters Disulfide-Bond Reducibility by Three Orders of Magnitude: A Comprehensive Kinetic Case Study on the Reduction of Differently Sized Tryptophan Cage Model Proteins. Chembiochem 2019; 21:681-695. [PMID: 31475422 PMCID: PMC7079008 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new approach to monitor disulfide-bond reduction in the vicinity of aromatic cluster(s) has been derived by using the near-UV range (λ=266-293 nm) of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. By combining the results from NMR and ECD spectroscopy, the 3D fold characteristics and associated reduction rate constants (k) of E19_SS, which is a highly thermostable, disulfide-bond reinforced 39-amino acid long exenatide mimetic, and its N-terminally truncated derivatives have been determined under different experimental conditions. Single disulfide bond reduction of the E19_SS model (with an 18-fold excess of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, pH 7, 37 °C) takes hours, which is 20-30 times longer than that expected, and thus, would not reach completion by applying commonly used reduction protocols. It is found that structural, steric, and electrostatic factors influence the reduction rate, resulting in orders of magnitude differences in reduction half-lives (900>t1/2 >1 min) even for structurally similar, well-folded derivatives of a small model protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Horváth
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology and, MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P. O. Box 32, 1518, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Taricska
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology and, MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P. O. Box 32, 1518, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ernő Keszei
- Chemical Kinetics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P. O. Box 32, 1518, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Stráner
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology and, MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P. O. Box 32, 1518, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Farkas
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology and, MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P. O. Box 32, 1518, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor K Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged Dóm tér 8, H-6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Perczel
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology and, MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group at the Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P. O. Box 32, 1518, Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Ye X, Yuan J, Jiang Z, Wang S, Wang P, Wang Q, Cui L. Thiol-ene photoclick reaction: An eco-friendly and facile approach for preparation of MPEG-g-keratin biomaterial. Eng Life Sci 2019; 20:17-25. [PMID: 32625043 PMCID: PMC6999080 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Wool keratin is a natural material with excellent properties, which is considered as scaffold biomaterial for tissue engineering. Polyethylene glycol can improve the mechanical properties of keratin materials because of its excellent biocompatibility and plasticity. In the present work, poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MPEGMA) was grafted onto keratin by thiol-ene photoclick reaction. The results of FTIR and SDS-PAGE verified the successful reaction between MPEGMA and keratin. Compared with the keratin, circular dichroism and XRD results showed that the β-sheet ratio increased in MPEG-g-keratin. Additionally, it can be found that the exposure of keratin hydrophobic amino acids increased quickly and the micelle size became larger due to the introduction of MPEG from the results of fluorescence spectroscopy and particle size analysis. The MPEG-g- keratin was formed into a membrane to further study the application of the modified keratin. Compared with the keratin membrane, the flexibility and biocompatibility of modified keratin have been improved. This work provides an eco-friendly and facile approach for preparation of the keratin biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi P. R. China
| | - Jiugang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi P. R. China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi P. R. China
| | - Shuoxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi P. R. China
| | - Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi P. R. China
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14
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van Losenoord W, Krause J, Parker-Nance S, Krause R, Stoychev S, Frost CL. Purification and biochemical characterisation of a putative sodium channel agonist secreted from the South African Knobbly sea anemone Bunodosoma capense. Toxicon 2019; 168:147-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.06.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Melnikova DL, Skirda VD, Nesmelova IV. Effect of Reducing Agent TCEP on Translational Diffusion and Supramolecular Assembly in Aqueous Solutions of α-Casein. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2305-2315. [PMID: 30789730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The translational diffusion coefficient is highly sensitive to the size change of diffusing species and is ideally suited for the study of molecular association. Here, we used translational diffusion measurements by a pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) technique to investigate the role of disulfide bonds in the formation of a supramolecular gel-like structure in the concentrated solution of α-casein. To reduce disulfide bonds, we added a commonly used reducing reagent tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) to α-casein solution. We found that the disruption of a disulfide bond Cys36-Cys40 in αs2-casein does not alter the translational diffusion or secondary structure of α-casein in dilute, 1 and 3% (wt %) solution. On the contrary, in concentrated, 15% (wt %) α-casein solution, in addition to the disruption of disulfide bonds, TCEP induced significant changes in gel properties. New long-lived intermolecular interactions formed, leading to the irreversible gel formation. While a few side reactions of TCEP (as well as other reducing agents, e.g., dithiothreitol) have been reported, this area is still understudied. Here, we provide new data on the side reaction of the reducing agent TCEP in concentrated protein solution, suggesting that at high protein concentrations TCEP should be used with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria L Melnikova
- Department of Physics , Kazan Federal University , Kazan 420011 , Russia
| | - Vladimir D Skirda
- Department of Physics , Kazan Federal University , Kazan 420011 , Russia
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16
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Reducing Complexity? Cysteine Reduction and S-Alkylation in Proteomic Workflows: Practical Considerations. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1977:83-97. [PMID: 30980324 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9232-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduction and alkylation are common processing steps in sample preparation for qualitative and quantitative proteomic analyses. In principle, these steps mitigate the limitations resulting from the presence of disulfide bridges. There has been recurring debate in the proteomics community around their use, with concern over negative impacts that result from overalkylation (off-target, non-thiol sites) or incomplete reduction and/or S-alkylation of cysteine. This chapter integrates findings from a number of studies on different reduction and alkylation strategies, to guide users in experimental design for their optimal use in proteomic workflows.
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17
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Bohaliga GAR, Johnson WC, Taus NS, Hussein HE, Bastos RG, Suarez CE, O’Connor R, Ueti MW. Identification of a putative methyltransferase gene of Babesia bigemina as a novel molecular biomarker uniquely expressed in parasite tick stages. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:480. [PMID: 30143025 PMCID: PMC6109354 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine babesiosis is caused by apicomplexan pathogens of the genus Babesia such as B. bigemina and B. bovis. These tick-borne pathogens have a complex life-cycle involving asexual multiplication in vertebrate hosts and sexual reproduction in invertebrate vectors. In the tick midgut, extracellular Babesia parasites transform into gametes that fuse to form zygotes. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie formation of extracellular Babesia tick stages is an important step towards developing control strategies for preventing tick infection and subsequent parasite transmission. RESULTS We induced B. bigemina sexual stages in vitro by exposing parasites to Tris 2-carboxyethyl phosphine (TCEP). Subsequently, we identified a novel putative methyltransferase gene (BBBOND_0204030) that is expressed uniquely in all B. bigemina tick stages but not in blood stages. In vitro TCEP-exposed B. bigemina presented diverse morphology including parasites with long projections, round forms and clusters of round forms indicative of sexual stage induction. We confirmed the development of sexual stages by detecting upregulation of previously defined B. bigemina sexual stage marker genes, ccp2 and 3, and their respective protein expression in TCEP-induced B. bigemina cultures. Next, transcription analysis of in vitro TCEP-induced B. bigemina culture based on an in silico derived list of homologs of Plasmodium falciparum gamete-specific genes demonstrated differential expression of the gene BBBOND_0204030 in induced cells. Further examination of ex vivo infected ticks demonstrated that BBBOND_0204030 is transcribed by multiple stages of B. bigemina during parasite development in tick midgut, ovary and hemolymph. Interestingly, ex vivo results confirmed our in vitro observation that blood stages of B. bigemina do not express BBBOND_0204030 and validated the in vitro system of inducing sexual stages. CONCLUSIONS Herein we describe the identification of a B. bigemina gene transcribed exclusively by parasites infecting ticks using a novel method of inducing B. bigemina sexual stages in vitro. We propose that this gene can be used as a marker for parasite development within the tick vector. Together, these tools will facilitate our understanding of parasite-tick interactions, the identification of novel vaccine targets and, consequently, the development of additional strategies to control bovine babesiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamila A. R. Bohaliga
- Program in Vector-borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164 USA
| | - Wendell C. Johnson
- Animal Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, Washington, 99164-6630 USA
| | - Naomi S. Taus
- Program in Vector-borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164 USA
- Animal Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, Washington, 99164-6630 USA
| | - Hala E. Hussein
- Program in Vector-borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164 USA
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613 Egypt
| | - Reginaldo G. Bastos
- Program in Vector-borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164 USA
| | - Carlos E. Suarez
- Animal Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, Washington, 99164-6630 USA
| | - Roberta O’Connor
- Program in Vector-borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164 USA
| | - Massaro W. Ueti
- Program in Vector-borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164 USA
- Animal Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, Washington, 99164-6630 USA
- The Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164-70403 USA
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18
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Spengler J, Blanco-Canosa JB, Forni L, Albericio F. One-Pot Peptide Ligation-Oxidative Cyclization Protocol for the Preparation of Short-/Medium-Size Disulfide Cyclopeptides. Org Lett 2018; 20:4306-4309. [PMID: 29953237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) employing the N-methylbenzimidazolinone (MeNbz) linker readily provided the linear precursor of a 16-mer peptide that is difficult to obtain by stepwise solid-phase peptide synthesis. NCL and the workup conditions were improved toward a protocol that allows for quantitative removal of the 4-hydroxymercaptophenol additive and subsequent formation of the disulfide bridge in the NCL cocktail by oxidation in air, tolerated by the presence of tris(hydroxypropyl)phosphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Spengler
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona 08028 , Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering , Biomaterials and Nanomedicine , Barcelona Science Park , Barcelona 08028 , Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam , km 7 via Muyuna , Tena , Napo , Ecuador
| | - Juan B Blanco-Canosa
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona 08028 , Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering , Biomaterials and Nanomedicine , Barcelona Science Park , Barcelona 08028 , Spain.,Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling , Jordi Girona 18-26 , 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona 08028 , Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering , Biomaterials and Nanomedicine , Barcelona Science Park , Barcelona 08028 , Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,School of Chemistry and Physics , University of KwaZulu-Natal , University Road , Westville , Durban 4001 , South Africa
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19
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Ramos-Tomillero I, Perez-Chacon G, Somovilla-Crespo B, Sanchez-Madrid F, Domínguez JM, Cuevas C, Zapata JM, Rodríguez H, Albericio F. Bioconjugation through Mesitylene Thiol Alkylation. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1199-1208. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Ramos-Tomillero
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gema Perez-Chacon
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas “Alberto Sols”, CSIC-UAM, 28029-Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Somovilla-Crespo
- Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital de la Princesa, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sanchez-Madrid
- Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital de la Princesa, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Cuevas
- Research Department, PharmaMar S.A., Colmenar Viejo, 28770-Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Zapata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas “Alberto Sols”, CSIC-UAM, 28029-Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4001-Durban, South Africa
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20
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Inagaki F, Momose M, Maruyama N, Matsuura K, Matsunaga T, Mukai C. Activation of disulfide bond cleavage triggered by hydrophobization and lipophilization of functionalized dihydroasparagusic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4320-4324. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of a hydrophilic group into dihydroasparagusic acid (DHAA) indicated higher reduction ability of disulfide in protein and lower air oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuhiko Inagaki
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Miyuki Momose
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Naoya Maruyama
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Kenkyo Matsuura
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology
- Duke University School of Medicine
- Durham
- USA
| | - Tsukasa Matsunaga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Chisato Mukai
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
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21
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Tehrani Najafian F, Bibi NS, Islam T, Fernández-Lahore M. A megaporous material harbouring a peptide ligand for affinity IgG purification. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2914-2921. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Zwyssig A, Schneider EM, Zeltner M, Rebmann B, Zlateski V, Grass RN, Stark WJ. Protein Reduction and Dialysis-Free Work-Up through Phosphines Immobilized on a Magnetic Support: TCEP-Functionalized Carbon-Coated Cobalt Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2017; 23:8585-8589. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Zwyssig
- D-CHAB, ICB; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Elia M. Schneider
- D-CHAB, ICB; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Martin Zeltner
- D-CHAB, ICB; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Balder Rebmann
- Faculty of Biology, and Centre for Biological Signalling Studies; University of Freiburg; Schaenzlestrasse 18 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Vladimir Zlateski
- D-CHAB, ICB; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Robert N. Grass
- D-CHAB, ICB; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Wendelin J. Stark
- D-CHAB, ICB; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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23
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A 2-Step Laemmli and Antigen Retrieval Method Improves Immunodetection. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 24:436-46. [PMID: 26067142 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Detection by immunohistochemistry of antigens relies on reproducibly optimal preanalytical and analytical variables such as fixation conditions, antigen retrieval (AR), and the resolutive power of the detection system. There is a need to improve immunodetection on routinely fixed and embedded material, particularly for scarcely represented but relevant antigens. We devised a 2-step method and applied it to a panel of antigens of common use for diagnosis, prognosis, individualized therapy use, or research. The first step consists of a 10 minutes. Incubation at 95°C with a modified Laemmli extraction buffer. This was followed by a traditional AR method. Detection of the vast majority of antigens was improved over a simple AR with preservation of tissue integrity, as shown by quantitative image analysis. The mechanism underlying the improved detection may be controlled denaturation followed by heat-mediated retrieval, a method we dubbed "antigen relaxing" and which will improve routine detection of scarce antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material.
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24
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Safavieh M, Pandya HJ, Venkataraman M, Thirumalaraju P, Kanakasabapathy MK, Singh A, Prabhakar D, Chug MK, Shafiee H. Rapid Real-Time Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing with Electrical Sensing on Plastic Microchips with Printed Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:12832-12840. [PMID: 28291334 PMCID: PMC5695042 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing is important for efficient and timely therapeutic decision making. Due to globally spread bacterial resistance, the efficacy of antibiotics is increasingly being impeded. Conventional antibiotic tests rely on bacterial culture, which is time-consuming and can lead to potentially inappropriate antibiotic prescription and up-front broad range of antibiotic use. There is an urgent need to develop point-of-care platform technologies to rapidly detect pathogens, identify the right antibiotics, and monitor mutations to help adjust therapy. Here, we report a biosensor for rapid (<90 min), real time, and label-free bacteria isolation from whole blood and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Target bacteria are captured on flexible plastic-based microchips with printed electrodes using antibodies (30 min), and its electrical response is monitored in the presence and absence of antibiotics over an hour of incubation time. We evaluated the microchip with Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as clinical models with ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, daptomycin, gentamicin, and methicillin antibiotics. The results are compared with the current standard methods, i.e. bacteria viability and conventional antibiogram assays. The technology presented here has the potential to provide precise and rapid bacteria screening and guidance in clinical therapies by identifying the correct antibiotics for pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Safavieh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hardik J. Pandya
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Maanasa Venkataraman
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Prudhvi Thirumalaraju
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Anupriya Singh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Devbalaji Prabhakar
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Manjyot Kaur Chug
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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25
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Bazylewski P, Divigalpitiya R, Fanchini G. In situ Raman spectroscopy distinguishes between reversible and irreversible thiol modifications in l-cysteine. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25879d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversibility of disulphide formation and breakage on l-cysteine examined through vibrational modes using in situ Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bazylewski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | | | - Giovanni Fanchini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
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26
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Pruchnik H, Latocha M, Zielińska A, Pruchnik FP. Rhodium(III) and iridium(III) pentamethylcyclopentadienyl complexes with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, properties and cytostatic activity. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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27
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Grigoryan H, Edmands W, Lu SS, Yano Y, Regazzoni L, Iavarone AT, Williams ER, Rappaport SM. Adductomics Pipeline for Untargeted Analysis of Modifications to Cys34 of Human Serum Albumin. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10504-10512. [PMID: 27684351 PMCID: PMC5555296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An important but understudied class of human exposures is comprised of reactive electrophiles that cannot be measured in vivo because they are short-lived. An avenue for assessing these meaningful exposures focuses on adducts from reactions with nucleophilic loci of blood proteins, particularly Cys34 of human serum albumin, which is the dominant scavenger of reactive electrophiles in serum. We developed an untargeted analytical scheme and bioinformatics pipeline for detecting, quantitating, and annotating Cys34 adducts in tryptic digests of human serum/plasma. The pipeline interrogates tandem mass spectra to find signatures of the Cys34-containing peptide, obtains accurate masses of putative adducts, quantitates adduct levels relative to a "housekeeping peptide", and annotates modifications based on a combination of retention time, accurate mass, elemental composition, and database searches. We used the adductomics pipeline to characterize 43 adduct features in archived plasma from healthy human subjects and found several that were highly associated with smoking status, race, and other covariates. Since smoking is a strong risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease, our ability to discover adducts that distinguish smokers from nonsmokers with untargeted adductomics indicates that the pipeline is suitable for use in epidemiologic studies. In fact, adduct features were both positively and negatively associated with smoking, indicating that some adducts arise from reactions between Cys34 and constituents of cigarette smoke (e.g., ethylene oxide and acrylonitrile) while others (Cys34 oxidation products and disulfides) appear to reflect alterations in the serum redox state that resulted in reduced adduct levels in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasmik Grigoryan
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7356, United States
| | - William Edmands
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7356, United States
| | - Sixin S. Lu
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7356, United States
| | - Yukiko Yano
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7356, United States
| | - Luca Regazzoni
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7356, United States
| | - Anthony T. Iavarone
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Evan R. Williams
- College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen M. Rappaport
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7356, United States
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28
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Sonobe T, Haouzi P. H2S concentrations in the heart after acute H2S administration: methodological and physiological considerations. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H1445-H1458. [PMID: 27638880 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00464.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have tried to characterize the limits of the approach typically used to determine H2S concentrations in the heart based on the amount of H2S evaporating from heart homogenates-spontaneously, after reaction with a strong reducing agent, or in a very acidic solution. Heart homogenates were prepared from male rats in control conditions or after H2S infusion induced a transient cardiogenic shock (CS) or cardiac asystole (CA). Using a method of determination of gaseous H2S with a detection limit of 0.2 nmol, we found that the process of homogenization could lead to a total disappearance of free H2S unless performed in alkaline conditions. Yet, after restoration of neutral pH, free H2S concentration from samples processed in alkaline and nonalkaline milieus were similar and averaged ∼0.2-0.4 nmol/g in both control and CS homogenate hearts and up to 100 nmol/g in the CA group. No additional H2S was released from control, CS, or CA hearts by using the reducing agent tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine or a strong acidic solution (pH < 2) to "free" H2S from combined pools. Of note, the reducing agent DTT produced a significant sulfide artifact and was not used. These data suggest that 1) free H2S found in heart homogenates is not a reflection of H2S present in a "living" heart and 2) the pool of combined sulfides, released in a strong reducing or acidic milieu, does not increase in the heart in a measurable manner even after toxic exposure to sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sonobe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Philippe Haouzi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Bayer M, König S. Abundant cysteine side reactions in traditional buffers interfere with the analysis of posttranslational modifications and protein quantification - How to compromise. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:1823-1828. [PMID: 27426460 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Bayer
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Germany
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Menti C, Henriques JAP, Missell FP, Roesch-Ely M. Antibody-based magneto-elastic biosensors: potential devices for detection of pathogens and associated toxins. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6149-6163. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Wang L, Nie Y, Zhang X, Zeng S, Zhang S, Zheng S. Synergistic Effects of Cosolvents on the Dissolution of Wool Keratin Using Ionic Liquids. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201500646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Cowper B, Shariff L, Chen W, Gibson SM, Di WL, Macmillan D. Expanding the scope of N → S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:7469-76. [PMID: 26066020 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that influence N → S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences, and discovery of new reagents that facilitate it, will be key to expanding its scope and applicability. Here, through a study of short model peptides in thioester formation and cyclisation reactions, we demonstrate that a wider variety of Xaa-Cys motifs than originally envisaged are capable of undergoing efficient N → S acyl transfer. We present data for the relative rates of thioester formation and cyclisation for a representative set of amino acids, and show how this expanded scope can be applied to the production of the natural protease inhibitor Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Cowper
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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Pruchnik H, Lis T, Latocha M, Zielińska A, Pruchnik FP. Palladium(II) complexes with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, structure, reactions and cytostatic activity. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 156:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Platinum(II) complexes with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, X-ray structure and reactions with polar solvents and glutathione. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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35
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Yu D, Cai JY, Church JS, Wang L. Click chemistry modification of natural keratin fibers for sustained shrink-resist performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 78:32-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Burai R, Ait-Bouziad N, Chiki A, Lashuel HA. Elucidating the Role of Site-Specific Nitration of α-Synuclein in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease via Protein Semisynthesis and Mutagenesis. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:5041-52. [PMID: 25768729 DOI: 10.1021/ja5131726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of intraneuronal inclusions consisting of aggregated and post-translationally modified α-synuclein (α-syn). Despite advances in the chemical synthesis of α-syn and other proteins, the generation of site-specifically nitrated synthetic proteins has not been reported. Consequently, it has not been possible to determine the roles of nitration at specific residues in regulating the physiological and pathogenic properties of α-syn. Here we report, for the first time, the site-specific incorporation of 3-nitrotyrosine at different regions of α-syn using native chemical ligation combined with a novel desulfurization strategy. This strategy enabled us to investigate the role of nitration at single or multiple tyrosine residues in regulating α-syn structure, membrane binding, oligomerization, and fibrils formation. We demonstrate that different site-specifically nitrated α-syn species exhibit distinct structural and aggregation properties and exhibit reduced affinity to negatively charged vesicle membranes. We provide evidence that intermolecular interactions between the N- and C-terminal regions of α-syn play critical roles in mediating nitration-induced α-syn oligomerization. For example, when Y39 is not available for nitration (Y39F and Y39/125F), the extent of cross-linking is limited mostly to dimer formation, whereas mutants in which Y39 along with one or multiple C-terminal tyrosines (Y125F, Y133F, Y136F and Y133/136F) can still undergo nitration readily to form higher-order oligomers. Our semisynthetic strategy for generating site-specifically nitrated proteins opens up new possibilities for investigating the role of nitration in regulating protein structure and function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Burai
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Ait-Bouziad
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anass Chiki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hilal A Lashuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tian W, Hu Y, Wang W, Yu D. Synthesis of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt and its reaction with wool fabric using click chemistry. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15917b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have successfully synthesized a gemini quaternary ammonium salt C24H38O4N2Br2 and applied it to wool fabric to obtain antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Tian
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
- College of Chemistry
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
- College of Chemistry
| | - Dan Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
- College of Chemistry
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38
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Kondabagil K, Dai L, Vafabakhsh R, Ha T, Draper B, Rao VB. Designing a nine cysteine-less DNA packaging motor from bacteriophage T4 reveals new insights into ATPase structure and function. Virology 2014; 468-470:660-668. [PMID: 25443668 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The packaging motor of bacteriophage T4 translocates DNA into the capsid at a rate of up to 2000 bp/s. Such a high rate would require coordination of motor movements at millisecond timescale. Designing a cysteine-less gp17 is essential to generate fluorescently labeled motors and measure distance changes between motor domains by FRET analyses. Here, by using sequence alignments, structural modeling, combinatorial mutagenesis, and recombinational rescue, we replaced all nine cysteines of gp17 and introduced single cysteines at defined positions. These mutant motors retained in vitro DNA packaging activity. Single mutant motors translocated DNA molecules in real time as imaged by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. We discovered, unexpectedly, that a hydrophobic or nonpolar amino acid next to Walker B motif is essential for motor function, probably for efficient generation of OH(-) nucleophile. The ATPase Walker B motif, thus, may be redefined as "β-strand (4-6 hydrophobic-rich amino acids)-DE-hydrophobic/nonpolar amino acid".
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kondabagil
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Li Dai
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Reza Vafabakhsh
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Taekjip Ha
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bonnie Draper
- Department of Biology, St. Andrews University, NC, USA
| | - Venigalla B Rao
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC, USA.
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Yu D, Cai JY, Church JS, Wang L. Modifying surface resistivity and liquid moisture management property of keratin fibers through thiol-ene click reactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:1236-1242. [PMID: 24367993 DOI: 10.1021/am405060x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a new method for improving the antistatic and liquid moisture management properties of keratinous materials. The method involves the generation of thiols by controlled reduction of cystine disulfide bonds in keratin with tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride and subsequent grafting of hydrophilic groups onto the reduced keratin by reaction with an acrylate sulfonate or acrylamide sulfonate through thiol-ene click chemistry. The modified substrates were characterized with Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy and evaluated for their performance changes in liquid moisture management, surface resistivity, and wet burst strength. The results have revealed that the thiol-acrylate reaction is more efficient than the thiol-acrylamide reaction, and the keratinous substrate modified with an acrylate sulfonate salt exhibits significantly improved antistatic and liquid moisture management properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering , P.O. Box 21, Belmont, Victoria 3216, Australia
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40
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TCEP-based rSDS–PAGE AND nLC–ESI-LTQ-MS/MS for oxaliplatin metalloproteomic analysis. Talanta 2013; 116:581-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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41
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Go EP, Rebecchi KR, Desaire H. In-solution digestion of glycoproteins for glycopeptide-based mass analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 951:103-11. [PMID: 23296527 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-146-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Glycopeptides are generated from the enzymatic digestion of glycoproteins with a specific or nonspecific protease. Whether this enzymatic conversion of glycoproteins into glycopeptides and peptides is done in-solution or in-gel, an efficient digestion protocol is one of the key components of a successful outcome in a mass spectrometry-based experimental workflow. This chapter outlines an optimized in-solution digestion protocol to prepare samples for glycopeptide-based mass analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden P Go
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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42
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Mazur MT, Cardasis HL. Quantitative analysis of apolipoproteins in human HDL by top-down differential mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1000:115-37. [PMID: 23585089 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-405-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The field of quantitative, label-free proteomics has evolved significantly over time, with most experiments performed "bottom-up" using proteolyzed protein mixtures. In these experiments, statistically significant peptide abundance differences between two or more experimental conditions are determined, and their corresponding proteins later identified. Recently, the rationale for extending this experimental design to mixtures of intact proteins has become clear, as analysis at the protein level allows for the independent detection of each protein form present, including those modified posttranslationally. This provides a level of specificity lost in bottom-up experiments. As such, the application of label-free top-down differential mass spectrometry has provided a means for understanding the subtle protein changes that define a particular phenotype. Described here is an approach for the top-down label-free quantitative analysis of the proteins which constitute human high-density lipoprotein particles. The methodology is conceptually very straightforward; however, it does require a level of rigor and consistency typically not addressed by more conventional proteomics experiments.
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43
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Yang P. Direct biomolecule binding on nonfouling surfaces via newly discovered supramolecular self-assembly of lysozyme under physiological conditions. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:1053-9. [PMID: 22707360 PMCID: PMC3831288 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
When lysozyme is dissolved in a neutral HEPES buffer solution (pH = 7.4) with 0.001-0.050 M TCEP added, a fast phase transition process occurs and the resulting novel fiber-like hierarchical supramolecular assemblies made by primary spherical-particle aggregation can function as a "superglue" that binds strongly and quickly onto non-fouling coatings. This binding is highly selective towards lysozyme, and excludes synthetic, chemical/physical activation/deactivation (blocking) steps. By using biotinylated lysozyme, such a phase transition quickly creates a perfect biotinylated surface on non-fouling surfaces for avidin binding, showing great potential for the development of low-cost and practical biochips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- Center for Biologically Inspired Materials and Materials Systems-CBIMMS, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, NC 27705, USA.
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Batjargal S, Wang YJ, Goldberg JM, Wissner RF, Petersson EJ. Native chemical ligation of thioamide-containing peptides: development and application to the synthesis of labeled α-synuclein for misfolding studies. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9172-82. [PMID: 22468862 PMCID: PMC3415603 DOI: 10.1021/ja2113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Thioamide modifications of the peptide backbone are used to perturb secondary structure, to inhibit proteolysis, as photoswitches, and as spectroscopic labels. Thus far, their incorporation has been confined to single peptides synthesized on solid phase. We have generated thioamides in C-terminal thioesters or N-terminal Cys fragments and examined their compatibility with native chemical ligation conditions. Most sequence variants can be coupled in good yields with either TCEP or DTT as the reductant, though some byproducts are observed with prolonged TCEP incubations. Furthermore, we find that thioamides are compatible with thiazolidine protection of an N-terminal Cys, so that multiple ligations can be used to construct larger proteins. Since the acid-lability of the thioamide prohibits on-resin thioester synthesis using Boc chemistry, we devised a method for the synthesis of thioamide peptides with a masked C-terminal thioester that is revealed in situ. Finally, we have shown that thioamidous peptides can be coupled to expressed protein fragments to generate large proteins with backbone thioamide labels by synthesizing labeled versions of the amyloid protein α-synuclein for protein folding studies. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we demonstrated that quenching of fluorescence by thioamides can be used to track conformational changes during aggregation of labeled α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solongo Batjargal
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - Yanxin J. Wang
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - Jacob M. Goldberg
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - Rebecca F. Wissner
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - E. James Petersson
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
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Bondia-Pons I, Boqué N, Paternain L, Santamaría E, Fernández J, Campión J, Milagro F, Corrales F, Martínez JA. Liver proteome changes induced by a short-term high-fat sucrose diet in wistar rats. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2012; 4:344-53. [PMID: 22378233 DOI: 10.1159/000336075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to gain insight into those proteins that might be involved in the early stages of liver fat accumulation as a consequence of a different fat versus simple sugar dietary intake. METHODS Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into four dietary groups: a starch-rich control diet (CD; n = 10), a high-fat diet (n = 12), a high-sucrose diet (n = 11), and a high-fat sucrose diet (HFSD; n = 12) for 5 weeks. A comparative analysis by 2D-DIGE and LC-ESI-MS/MS was performed to characterize the liver protein expression profiles due to the three obesogenic diets. RESULTS Ten out of 17 proteins whose expression levels were altered by >1.25-fold were identified. Four proteins (Hspa8, Hspa9, Ca3, and Cat) were differentially expressed after the HFSD period compared to CD. The heat shock proteins (Hspa8 and Hspa9) resulted significantly downregulated in liver from rats fed HFSD versus CD (p < 0.05). The results were confirmed by Western blot. CONCLUSIONS This descriptive study might be useful for further studies aiming at understanding the mechanisms by which diets rich in both fat and sugar affect the initiation of hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Bondia-Pons
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Macmillan D, Adams A, Premdjee B. Shifting Native Chemical Ligation into Reverse through N→S Acyl Transfer. Isr J Chem 2011; 51:885-899. [PMID: 22347724 PMCID: PMC3277902 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Peptide thioester synthesis by N→S acyl transfer is being intensively explored by many research groups the world over. Reasons for this likely include the often straightforward method of precursor assembly using Fmoc-based chemistry and the fundamentally interesting acyl migration process. In this review we introduce recent advances in this exciting area and discuss, in more detail, our own efforts towards the synthesis of peptide thioesters through N→S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences. We have found that several peptide thioesters can be readily prepared and, what's more, there appears to be ample opportunity for further development and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Macmillan
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
| | - Anna Adams
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
| | - Bhavesh Premdjee
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
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Tan Z, Ihnat PM, Nayak VS, Russell RJ. Quantitative analysis of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine by anion-exchange chromatography and evaporative light-scattering detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 59:167-72. [PMID: 22019701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) belongs to the trialkylphosphine class of reducing agents that are widely used in research and industry. In this paper, we discuss a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method equipped with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) for the determination of TCEP in pharmaceutical samples containing therapeutic protein and stabilizing additives. TCEP was first completely oxidized with hydrogen peroxide to form TCEP oxide (TCEPO). Proteins and salts were removed from the sample by solid phase extraction. TCEPO concentrations were determined by anion exchange chromatography coupled with ELSD. Because of the 1:1 oxidation stoichiometry for the reaction, the concentration of TCEP in the sample is directly proportional to the measured concentration of TCEPO. A good linearity fit of ELSD response versus TCEPO concentration was observed over the range of 20-2000 μM. The specificity, precision, accuracy, and robustness of the method were evaluated and suitable for the quantitation of TCEP in biological samples. Moreover, selective treatment with peroxide prior to solid-phase extraction may be used to determine the mass balance of TCEP species or track the oxidation rate in pharmaceutical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Tan
- Biological Process and Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 6000 Thompson Road, East Syracuse, NY 13057, USA
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Sánchez-Quiles V, Mora MI, Segura V, Greco A, Epstein AL, Foschini MG, Dayon L, Sanchez JC, Prieto J, Corrales FJ, Santamaría E. HSV-1 Cgal+ infection promotes quaking RNA binding protein production and induces nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of quaking I-5 isoform in human hepatoma cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2011; 10:M111.009126. [PMID: 21467216 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.009126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpesvirus type 1 (HSV-1) based oncolytic vectors arise as a promising therapeutic alternative for neoplastic diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the mechanisms mediating the host cell response to such treatments are not completely known. It is well established that HSV-1 infection induces functional and structural alterations in the nucleus of the host cell. In the present work, we have used gel-based and shotgun proteomic strategies to elucidate the signaling pathways impaired in the nucleus of human hepatoma cells (Huh7) upon HSV-1 Cgal(+) infection. Both approaches allowed the identification of differential proteins suggesting impairment of cell functions involved in many aspects of host-virus interaction such as transcription regulation, mRNA processing, and mRNA splicing. Based on our proteomic data and additional functional studies, cellular protein quaking content (QKI) increases 4 hours postinfection (hpi), when viral immediate-early genes such as ICP4 and ICP27 could be also detected. Depletion of QKI expression by small interfering RNA results in reduction of viral immediate-early protein levels, subsequent decrease in early and late viral protein content, and a reduction in the viral yield indicating that QKI directly interferes with viral replication. In particular, HSV-1 Cgal(+) induces a transient increase in quaking I-5 isoform (QKI-5) levels, in parallel with an enhancement of p27(Kip1) protein content. Moreover, immunofluorescence microscopy showed an early nuclear redistribution of QKI-5, shuttling from the nucleus to the cytosol and colocalizing with nectin-1 in cell to cell contact regions at 16-24 hpi. This evidence sheds new light on mechanisms mediating hepatoma cell response to HSV-1 vectors highlighting QKI as a central molecular mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Sánchez-Quiles
- Division of Hepatology and Gene Therapy, Centre for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Tiberti N, Hainard A, Lejon V, Robin X, Ngoyi DM, Turck N, Matovu E, Enyaru J, Ndung'u JM, Scherl A, Dayon L, Sanchez JC. Discovery and verification of osteopontin and Beta-2-microglobulin as promising markers for staging human African trypanosomiasis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010; 9:2783-95. [PMID: 20724469 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is a parasitic disease endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, transmitted to humans through the bite of a tsetse fly. The first or hemolymphatic stage of the disease is associated with presence of parasites in the bloodstream, lymphatic system, and body tissues. If patients are left untreated, parasites cross the blood-brain barrier and invade the cerebrospinal fluid and the brain parenchyma, giving rise to the second or meningoencephalitic stage. Stage determination is a crucial step in guiding the choice of treatment, as drugs used for S2 are potentially dangerous. Current staging methods, based on counting white blood cells and demonstrating trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid, lack specificity and/or sensitivity. In the present study, we used several proteomic strategies to discover new markers with potential for staging human African trypanosomiasis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from patients infected with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The stage was determined following the guidelines of the national control program. The proteome of the samples was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (n = 9), and by sixplex tandem mass tag (TMT) isobaric labeling (n = 6) quantitative mass spectrometry. Overall, 73 proteins were overexpressed in patients presenting the second stage of the disease. Two of these, osteopontin and β-2-microglobulin, were confirmed to be potential markers for staging human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) by Western blot and ELISA. The two proteins significantly discriminated between S1 and S2 patients with high sensitivity (68% and 78%, respectively) for 100% specificity, and a combination of both improved the sensitivity to 91%. The levels of osteopontin and β-2-microglobulin in CSF of S2 patients (μg/ml range), as well as the fold increased concentration in S2 compared with S1 (3.8 and 5.5 respectively) make the two markers good candidates for the development of a test for staging HAT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tiberti
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Medical University Centre, Geneva, Switzerland
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