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Hou J, Feng Y, Yang Z, Ding Y, Cheng D, Shi Z, Li R, Xue L. Primary Sjögren's syndrome: new perspectives on salivary gland epithelial cells. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:371. [PMID: 39014509 PMCID: PMC11253495 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease primarily affecting exocrine glands such as the salivary glands, leading to impaired secretion and sicca symptoms. As the mainstay of salivation, salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) have an important role in the pathology of pSS. Emerging evidence suggests that the interplay between immunological factors and SGECs may not be the initial trigger or the sole mechanism responsible for xerostomia in pSS, challenging conventional perceptions. To deepen our understanding, current research regarding SGECs in pSS was reviewed. Among the extensive aberrations in cellular architecture and function, this review highlighted certain alterations of SGECs that were identified to occur independently of or in absence of lymphocytic infiltration. In particular, some of these alterations may serve as upstream factors of immuno-inflammatory responses. These findings underscore the significance of introspecting the pathogenesis of pSS and developing interventions targeting SGECs in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Hou
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yiyi Feng
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Zhixia Yang
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yimei Ding
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Dandan Cheng
- Shanghai Skin Diseases Hospital, 200 Wuyi Road, Changning District, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zhonghao Shi
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Rouxin Li
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Luan Xue
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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Dairo G, Ward MN, Soendergaard M, Determan JJ. Bioactive compounds from Morchella esculenta as potential inhibitors of RNA-binding protein La in ovarian cancer: a molecular modeling and quantum mechanics approach. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38650742 PMCID: PMC11032304 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
La protein is significantly expressed in various malignant tumors, including ovarian cancer (OC), which is related to the poor response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Thus, inhibiting La protein could control the expression of the potential downstream genes involved in promoting proliferation and chemotherapy resistance to OC, which could serve as a therapeutic intervention. Through a molecular docking approach, 12 compounds from Morchella esculenta were screened against the crystal structure of La protein and four hit compounds were identified, including beta-carotene, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, gamma-tocopherol, and alpha-tocopherol, with a binding affinity of - 10.7, - 8.1, - 7.9, and - 7.6 kcal/mol, respectively, higher than pyridine-2-carboxylate (control), with a binding affinity of - 5.2 kcal/mol. To explore the interaction of the hit compounds with the target receptor, they were selected for a molecular dynamic simulation and post-simulation analysis for 100 ns. The result showed promising reliability of the ligands due to a stable interaction with the La protein crystal structure. Furthermore, the drug-likeness and physicochemical chemical properties of the compounds were investigated using ADMET study and density functional theory analysis, respectively, and the result shows that the hit compounds could serve as a promising starting for the development of novel LA protein inhibitors for OC therapeutics. Finally, this study compared HOMO and LUMO values from global hybrids with long-range corrected DFAs, and the result from the two followed the same qualitative pattern while calculating HOMO values; however, MO62X/cc-pVTZ could better predict LUMO values when considering a global hybrid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gbenga Dairo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL USA
| | - Matthew N. Ward
- Department of Chemistry, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN USA
| | | | - John J. Determan
- Department of Chemistry, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL USA
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Zervou MI, Tarlatzis BC, Grimbizis GF, Spandidos DA, Niewold TB, Goulielmos GN. Association of endometriosis with Sjögren's syndrome: Genetic insights (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:20. [PMID: 38186322 PMCID: PMC10781419 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with a history of endometriosis have an increased risk of developing various autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis and celiac disease. There is a potential association between endometriosis and an increased susceptibility for Sjögren's syndrome (SS). SS is a common chronic, inflammatory, systemic, autoimmune, multifactorial disease of complex pathology, with genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of this condition. It occurs in 0.5‑1% of the population, is characterized by the presence of ocular dryness, lymphocytic infiltrations and contributes to neurological, gastrointestinal, vascular and dermatological manifestations. Endometriosis is an inflammatory, estrogen‑dependent, multifactorial, heterogeneous gynecological disease, affecting ≤10% of reproductive‑age women. It is characterized by the occurrence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, mainly in the pelvic cavity, and is associated with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia and either subfertility or infertility. It is still unclear whether SS appears as a secondary response to endometriosis, or it is developed due to any potential shared mechanisms of these conditions. The aim of the present review was to explore further the biological basis only of the co‑occurrence of these disorders but not their association at clinical basis, focusing on the analysis of the partially shared genetic background between endometriosis and SS, and the clarification of the possible similarities in the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms and the relevant molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Zervou
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Basil C. Tarlatzis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris F. Grimbizis
- Unit for Human Reproduction, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Papageorgiou' General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Timothy B. Niewold
- Barbara Volcker Center for Women and Rheumatic Disease, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - George N. Goulielmos
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71403 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
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Ibáñez-Cabellos JS, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL, Seco-Cervera M. Oxidative Stress and Epigenetics: miRNA Involvement in Rare Autoimmune Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040800. [PMID: 37107175 PMCID: PMC10135388 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) such as Sjögren’s syndrome, Kawasaki disease, and systemic sclerosis are characterized by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and autoantibodies, which cause joint tissue damage, vascular injury, fibrosis, and debilitation. Epigenetics participate in immune cell proliferation and differentiation, which regulates the development and function of the immune system, and ultimately interacts with other tissues. Indeed, overlapping of certain clinical features between ADs indicate that numerous immunologic-related mechanisms may directly participate in the onset and progression of these diseases. Despite the increasing number of studies that have attempted to elucidate the relationship between miRNAs and oxidative stress, autoimmune disorders and oxidative stress, and inflammation and miRNAs, an overall picture of the complex regulation of these three actors in the pathogenesis of ADs has yet to be formed. This review aims to shed light from a critical perspective on the key AD-related mechanisms by explaining the intricate regulatory ROS/miRNA/inflammation axis and the phenotypic features of these rare autoimmune diseases. The inflamma-miRs miR-155 and miR-146, and the redox-sensitive miR miR-223 have relevant roles in the inflammatory response and antioxidant system regulation of these diseases. ADs are characterized by clinical heterogeneity, which impedes early diagnosis and effective personalized treatment. Redox-sensitive miRNAs and inflamma-miRs can help improve personalized medicine in these complex and heterogeneous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- U733, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- U733, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
| | - Marta Seco-Cervera
- Hospital Dr. Peset, Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, FISABIO, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
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Predisposing Factors, Clinical Picture, and Outcome of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Sjögren’s Syndrome. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Among other systemic autoimmune diseases, primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) bears the highest risk for lymphoma development. In pSS, chronic antigenic stimulation gradually drives the evolution from polyclonal B-cell expansion to oligoclonal/monoclonal B-cell predominance to malignant B-cell transformation. Thus, most pSS-related lymphomas are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas predominating, followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) and nodal marginal zone lymphomas (NMZLs). Since lymphomagenesis is one of the most serious complications of pSS, affecting patients’ survival, a plethora of possible predisposing factors has been studied over the years, ranging from classical clinical, serological, hematological, and histological, to the more recently proposed genetic and molecular, allowing clinicians to timely detect and to closely follow-up the subgroup of pSS patients with increased risk for lymphoma development. Overall predisposing factors for pSS-related lymphomagenesis reflect the status of B-cell hyperactivity. Different clinical features have been described for each of the distinct pSS-related B-cell NHL subtypes. While generally pSS patients developing B-cell NHLs display a fairly good prognosis, outcomes in terms of treatment response and survival rates seem to differ depending on the lymphoma subtype, with MALT lymphomas being characterized by a rather indolent course and DLBCLs gravely affecting patients’ survival.
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Exosome-Derived microRNAs from Mouthrinse Have the Potential to Be Novel Biomarkers for Sjögren Syndrome. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091483. [PMID: 36143269 PMCID: PMC9505666 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren syndrome (SS) is diagnosed based on invasive tissue biopsies and blood sampling. Therefore, a novel non-invasive and simple inspection diagnostic marker of SS is required. Here, we identified exosome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers for SS using non-invasive mouthrinse samples collected from patients with SS and healthy volunteers. We compared miRNAs derived from exosomes in mouthrinse samples from the two groups using microarrays and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and identified 12 miRNAs as biomarker candidates. The expression ratios of four miRNAs were significantly increased in the SS group compared to the control group. Logistic regression analysis revealed a more significant influence of miR-1290 and let-7b-5p in the SS group than that in the control group. We combined these miRNAs to create a diagnostic prediction formula using logistic regression analysis. The combination of miR-1290 and let-7b-5p distinguished SS from the control samples with an AUC, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 0.856, 91.7%, 83.3%, 84.6%, and 90.9%, respectively. These results indicated that an increased ratio of these miRNAs could serve as a novel and non-invasive diagnostic marker for SS. This is the first report of diagnosis and screening of SS by adopting a non-invasive method using mouthrinse.
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Castro I, Carvajal P, Jara D, Aguilera S, Heathcote B, Barrera MJ, Aliaga-Tobar V, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Urzúa U, Quest AFG, González S, Molina C, Hermoso M, González MJ. Small RNA Expression Profiling Reveals hsa-miR-181d-5p Downregulation Associated With TNF-α Overexpression in Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870094. [PMID: 35432384 PMCID: PMC9010469 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (sRNA), that alter gene expression by binding to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and repressing translation. Dysregulated miRNA expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). The aim of this study was to characterize the global profile of sRNAs in labial salivary glands (LSG) from SS-patients and to validate potential miRNA candidates implicated in glandular inflammation. LSG from 21 SS-patients and 9 sicca controls were analyzed. A global next generation sequencing (NGS)-based sRNA profiling approach was employed to identify direct targets whereby differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted using bioinformatics tools. miRNA levels were validated by TaqMan and target mRNA levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. We also performed in vitro assays using recombinant TNF-α. NGS shows that ~30% of sRNAs were miRNAs. In comparison with samples from sicca controls, four miRNAs were found differentially expressed in LSG from SS-patients with low focus score (LFS) and 18 from SS-patients with high focus score (HFS). The miRNA with the most significant changes identified by NGS was hsa-miR-181d-5p and downregulation was confirmed by TaqMan analysis. Levels of TNF-α mRNA, a direct target of hsa-miR-181d-5p, were significantly increased and negatively correlated with hsa-miR-181d-5p presence. Moreover, positive correlations between TNF-α transcript levels, focus score, ESSDAI, and autoantibody levels were also detected. Furthermore, TNF-α stimulation decreased hsa-miR-181d-5p levels in vitro. Downregulation of hsa-miR-181d-5p in LSG from SS-patients could contribute to the glandular pro-inflammatory environment by deregulation of its direct target TNF-α. Further dissection of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the hsa-miR-181d-5p-mediated action in inflammatory conditions could be useful to evaluate the benefits of increasing hsa-miR-181d-5p levels for restoration of salivary gland epithelial cell architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Castro
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Carvajal
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Jara
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Aguilera
- Departamento de Reumatología, Clínica Instituto de Diagnóstico Sociedad Anónima (Indisa), Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamín Heathcote
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Víctor Aliaga-Tobar
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulises Urzúa
- Departamento de Oncología Básico-Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F. G. Quest
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio González
- Escuela de Odontología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Molina
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Hermoso
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María-Julieta González
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: María-Julieta González, ;
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HACE1-mediated NRF2 activation causes enhanced malignant phenotypes and decreased radiosensitivity of glioma cells. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:399. [PMID: 34815381 PMCID: PMC8611003 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HACE1, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, is frequently inactivated and has been evidenced as a putative tumor suppressor in different types of cancer. However, its role in glioma remains elusive. Here, we observed increased expression of HACE1 in gliomas related to control subjects, and found a strong correlation of high HACE1 expression with poor prognosis in patients with WHO grade III and IV as well as low-grade glioma (LGG) patients receiving radiotherapy. HACE1 knockdown obviously suppressed malignant behaviors of glioma cells, while ectopic expression of HACE1 enhanced cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Further studies revealed that HACE1 enhanced protein stability of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) by competitively binding to NRF2 with another E3 ligase KEAP1. Besides, HACE1 also promoted internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated mRNA translation of NRF2. These effects did not depend on its E3 ligase activity. Finally, we demonstrated that HACE1 dramatically reduced cellular ROS levels by activating NRF2, thereby decreasing the response of glioma cells to radiation. Altogether, our data demonstrate that HACE1 causes enhanced malignant phenotypes and decreased radiosensitivity of glioma cells by activating NRF2, and indicate that it may act as the role of prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target in glioma.
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Imgenberg-Kreuz J, Rasmussen A, Sivils K, Nordmark G. Genetics and epigenetics in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:2085-2098. [PMID: 30770922 PMCID: PMC8121440 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is considered to be a multifactorial disease, where underlying genetic predisposition, epigenetic mechanisms and environmental factors contribute to disease development. In the last 5 years, the first genome-wide association studies in pSS have been completed. The strongest signal of association lies within the HLA genes, whereas the non-HLA genes IRF5 and STAT4 show consistent associations in multiple ethnicities but with a smaller effect size. The majority of the genetic risk variants are found at intergenic regions and their functional impact has in most cases not been elucidated. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of pSS by their modulating effects on gene expression and may constitute a dynamic link between the genome and phenotypic manifestations. This article reviews the hitherto published genetic studies and our current understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Imgenberg-Kreuz
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden2Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Astrid Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden2Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kathy Sivils
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden2Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Gunnel Nordmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden2Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Peng J, Qin C, Tian SY, Peng JQ. MiR-93 inhibits the vascular calcification of chronic renal failure by suppression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 54:225-235. [PMID: 34138419 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-02907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of miR-93-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway on the vascular calcification (VC) of chronic renal failure (CRF). METHODS SD rats were utilized to construct CRF models and divided into Control, CRF, CRF + LV (lentiviral vector)-miR-93 and CRF + LV-Con groups. Renal tissues collected from rats were performed hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining, while the abdominal aorta was dissected for alizarin red staining and Von Kossa staining. VC-related genes were determined by qRT-PCR while Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS As compared to Control group, the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), phosphorus (P), cystatin C (Cys-C) and 24-h urea protein (24 h Upro), and the scores of renal interstitial lesion and fibrotic area in rats from CRF group were elevated, with the increased calcified area of aorta as well as the enhanced calcium content and ALP. Meanwhile, rats in the CRF group had up-regulated expression of OPN, OCN, RUNX2 and BMP-2 and down-regulated expression of miR-93. As for the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, rats in the CRF group had sharp increases in the protein expression of TCF4 and β-catenin, while α-SMA was down-regulated. However, changes of the above were reversed in rats from CRF + LV-miR-93 group, and TCF4 was confirmed to be a target gene of miR-93. CONCLUSION MiR-93, via inhibiting the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway by targeting TCF4, can improve the renal function of CRF rats, thereby mitigating the vascular calcification of CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Shu-Yan Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Qing Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China.
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SMADS-Mediate Molecular Mechanisms in Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063203. [PMID: 33801157 PMCID: PMC8004153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in delineating the molecular mechanisms of action of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), considered as central player in a plethora of human conditions, including cancer, fibrosis and autoimmune disease. TGF-β elicits its biological effects through membrane bound serine/threonine kinase receptors which transmit their signals via downstream signalling molecules, SMADs, which regulate the transcription of target genes in collaboration with various co-activators and co-repressors. Until now, therapeutic strategy for primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) has been focused on inflammation, but, recently, the involvement of TGF-β/SMADs signalling has been demonstrated in pSS salivary glands (SGs) as mediator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activation. Although EMT seems to cause pSS SG fibrosis, TGF-β family members have ambiguous effects on the function of pSS SGs. Based on these premises, this review highlights recent advances in unravelling the molecular basis for the multi-faceted functions of TGF-β in pSS that are dictated by orchestrations of SMADs, and describe TGF-β/SMADs value as both disease markers and/or therapeutic target for pSS.
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Qu LH, Hong X, Zhang Y, Cong X, Xiang RL, Mei M, Su JZ, Wu LL, Yu GY. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-6 attenuates TNF-α-induced apoptosis in salivary acinar cells via AMPK/SIRT1-modulated miR-34a-5p expression. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5785-5800. [PMID: 33400820 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-6 (CTRP6) is a newly identified adipokine involved in diverse biological processes. However, its role in salivary glands remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that CTRP6 was mainly distributed in the nuclei, apicolateral membranes, and cytoplasm of human submandibular glands (SMGs), serous cells of parotid glands, and ducts and apicolateral membranes of serous cells in rats and mice. CTRP6 inhibited the apoptosis rate and reversed the increased levels of cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9, and cytochrome C and the decreased Bcl-2 expression induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in both SMG-C6 cells and cultured human SMG tissues. Microarray analysis identified 43 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the SMGs of nonobese diabetic mice. miR-34a-5p was selected due to its upregulation by TNF-α, which was abolished by CTRP6. The miR-34a-5p inhibitor promoted whereas the miR-34a-5p mimic suppressed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF-α-induced apoptosis. CTRP6 increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and reversed TNF-α-induced SIRT1 downregulation in salivary cells. AraA, an AMPK inhibitor, reversed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF-α-induced alterations in the levels of SIRT1, miR-34a-5p, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase 3 in vitro and ex vivo, whereas activating AMPK by AICAR reversed the decrease in SIRT1 expression and increase in miR-34a-5p expression induced by TNF-α. Inhibition of SIRT1 by EX527 suppressed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF-α-induced changes in miR-34a-5p and apoptosis-related proteins. Our findings indicate that salivary glands are novel sites for CTRP6 synthesis and secretion. CTRP6 protects acinar cells against TNF-α-induced apoptosis via AMPK/SIRT1-modulated miR-34a-5p expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Han Qu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Hong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Mei
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Zeng Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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13
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Yang Y, Hou Y, Li J, Zhang F, Du Q. Characterization of antiapoptotic microRNAs in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:1111-1118. [PMID: 32575162 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During the development of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), aberrant expression of autoantigen is a hallmark event. To explore the regulation of autoantigen tripartite motif containing 21 (Ro/SSA, TRIM21), microRNA profiling was performed in our previous study. In which, two TRIM21-targeting microRNAs were identified, namely miR-1207-5p and miR-4695-3p. To further pursue their roles in the development of pSS, assays were performed with cultured human submandibular gland (HSG) cells, and salivary gland tissues. Results showed that transfection of miR-1207-5p or miR-4695-3p mimics down-regulated not only the expression of TRIM21, but also the levels of pro-apoptotic genes B cell lymphoma 2 associated X (BAX), Caspase 9 (CASP-9) and Caspase 8 (CASP-8). This finally led to antiapoptotic phenotypes in HSG cells. Consistent with the antiapoptotic activity, transfection of microRNA inhibitors up-regulated the expression of TRIM21 and led to a pro-apoptotic phenotype. These therefore propose miR-1207-5p and miR-4695-3p as two antiapoptotic microRNAs functioning through apoptosis pathway. Supporting this speculation, assays performed with salivary gland tissues revealed down-regulation of miR-1207-5p and miR-4695-3p, as well as up-regulation of TRIM21 and pro-apoptotic CASP-8 gene in pSS samples. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: For pSS patients, apoptosis of acinar and ductal epithelial cells has been proposed to be a potential mechanism that impairs the secretion of salivary glands. In our study, two autoantigen-targeting microRNAs were characterized as antiapoptotic microRNAs functioning through apoptosis pathway, which may be potential targets for the treatment of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghui Li
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangming Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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Abstract
Introduction: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune systemic disease characterized by a complex and not yet completely elucidated etiopathogenesis, where autoimmune manifestations coexist with different degree of lymphoproliferation, resulting in multiple possible scenarios extremely heterogeneous from patient to patient. Although considerable progress has been made in the identifications of potential novel therapeutic targets in recent years, the biological complexity of pSS, combined to such heterogeneous clinical manifestations, makes the treatment of pSS, even today, a great challenge. Areas covered: A therapy specifically approved for pSS is still lacking. In recent years, several novel promising agents are being tested in pSS. Based on a deep revision of drugs evaluated for pSS therapy, it is striking that several clinical trials, some of them testing very promising agents, failed. Expert opinion: a renewal of clinical trial design, including the definition of novel inclusion criteria and outcome measures, together with the development of a stratification model of pSS patients and the advance in the definition of pathogenetic mechanisms underlying peculiar pSS subsets, represent preliminary and crucial steps to overcome the current therapeutic impasse in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saviana Gandolfo
- a Rheumatology Clinic, Udine University Hospital, Department of Medical Area , University of Udine , Udine , Italy
| | - Salvatore De Vita
- a Rheumatology Clinic, Udine University Hospital, Department of Medical Area , University of Udine , Udine , Italy
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15
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Cortes-Troncoso J, Jang SI, Perez P, Hidalgo J, Ikeuchi T, Greenwell-Wild T, Warner BM, Moutsopoulos NM, Alevizos I. T cell exosome-derived miR-142-3p impairs glandular cell function in Sjögren's syndrome. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133497. [PMID: 32376798 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that mainly affects exocrine salivary and lacrimal glands. Local inflammation in the glands is thought to trigger glandular dysfunction and symptoms of dryness. However, the mechanisms underlying these processes are incompletely understood. Our work suggests T cell exosome-derived miR-142-3p as a pathogenic driver of immunopathology in SS. We first document miR-142-3p expression in the salivary glands of patients with SS, both in epithelial gland cells and within T cells of the inflammatory infiltrate, but not in healthy volunteers. Next, we show that activated T cells secreted exosomes containing miR-142-3p, which transferred into glandular cells. Finally, we uncover a functional role of miR-142-3p-containing exosomes in glandular cell dysfunction. We find that miR-142-3p targets key elements of intracellular Ca2+ signaling and cAMP production - sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2b (SERCA2B), ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), and adenylate cyclase 9 (AC9) - leading to restricted cAMP production, altered calcium signaling, and decreased protein production from salivary gland cells. Our work provides evidence for a functional role of the miR-142-3p in SS pathogenesis and promotes the concept that T cell activation may directly impair epithelial cell function through secretion of miRNA-containing exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cortes-Troncoso
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit.,Oral Immunity and Inflammation Section, and
| | - Shyh-Ing Jang
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit
| | - Paola Perez
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jorge Hidalgo
- Program of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Pilson Q, Smith S, Jefferies CA, Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole J, Murphy CC. miR-744-5p contributes to ocular inflammation in patients with primary Sjogrens Syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7484. [PMID: 32366870 PMCID: PMC7198540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) the exocrine glands become infiltrated with lymphocytes instigating severe damage to the salivary and lacrimal glands causing dry eyes and dry mouth. Previous investigations have suggested that dysregulated localized and systemic inflammation contributes to the development and pathogenesis of pSS. A miR microarray performed in primary human conjunctival epithelial cells (PECs) demonstrated significant differences in miR expression at the ocular surface between pSS patients and healthy controls. MicroRNA-744-5p (miR-744-5p) was identified as being of particular interest, as its top predicted target is Pellino3 (PELI3), a known negative regulator of inflammation. Validation studies confirmed that miR-744-5p expression is significantly increased in PECs from pSS patients, whilst PELI3 was significantly reduced. We validated the miR-744 binding site in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of PELI3 and demonstrated that increasing PELI3 levels with a miR-744-5p antagomir in an inflammatory environment resulted in reduced levels of IFN dependent chemokines Rantes (CCL5) and CXCL10. These results reveal a novel role for miR-744-5p in mediating ocular inflammation via Pellino3 expression in pSS patients and suggest that miR-744-5p may be a potential therapeutic target for the management of severe dry eye disease and ocular inflammation in pSS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qistina Pilson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Siobhan Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences (PBS) and RSCI Research Institute, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Caroline A Jefferies
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA
| | - Joan Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences (PBS) and RSCI Research Institute, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Conor C Murphy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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17
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Hillen MR, Chouri E, Wang M, Blokland SLM, Hartgring SAY, Concepcion AN, Kruize AA, Burgering BMT, Rossato M, van Roon JAG, Radstake TRDJ. Dysregulated miRNome of plasmacytoid dendritic cells from patients with Sjögren's syndrome is associated with processes at the centre of their function. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:2305-2314. [PMID: 31131409 PMCID: PMC6880856 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective A considerable body of evidence supports a role for type-I IFN in the pathogenesis of primary SS (pSS). As plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a major source of type-I IFN, we investigated their molecular regulation by measuring expression of a large set of miRNAs. Methods pDCs were isolated from peripheral blood of pSS patients (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 16) divided into two independent cohorts (discovery and replication). Screening of 758 miRNAs was assessed by an OpenArray quantitative PCR-based technique; replication of a set of identified miRNAs was performed by custom array. Functional annotation of miRNA targets was performed using pathway enrichment. Novel targets of miR-29a and miR-29c were identified using a proteomic approach (stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture). Results In the discovery cohort, 20 miRNAs were differentially expressed in pSS pDCs compared with healthy control pDCs. Of these, differential expression of 10 miRNAs was confirmed in the replication cohort. The dysregulated miRNAs were involved in phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Ak strain transforming and mammalian target of rapamycin signalling, as well as regulation of cell death. In addition, a set of novel protein targets of miR-29a and miR-29c were identified, including five targets that were regulated by both miRs. Conclusion The dysregulated miRNome in pDCs of patients with pSS is associated with aberrant regulation of processes at the centre of pDC function, including type-I IFN production and cell death. As miR-29a and miR-29c are pro-apoptotic factors and several of the novel targets identified here are regulators of apoptosis, their downregulation in patients with pSS is associated with enhanced pDC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten R Hillen
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eleni Chouri
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maojie Wang
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sofie L M Blokland
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarita A Y Hartgring
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arno N Concepcion
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aike A Kruize
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn M T Burgering
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Joel A G van Roon
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Kim YJ, Yeon Y, Lee WJ, Shin YU, Cho H, Sung YK, Kim DR, Lim HW, Kang MH. Comparison of MicroRNA Expression in Tears of Normal Subjects and Sjögren Syndrome Patients. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:4889-4895. [PMID: 31752018 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Deregulated expression of several microRNAs (miRNAs) in sera or salivary glands of patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) has been reported. However, none have investigated miRNAs in samples that can represent lacrimal glands. We compared the miRNAs expression in the tears of SS patients and healthy controls. Moreover, we investigated the correlation between miRNAs expression and ocular staining score (OSS). Methods Individual tear samples were collected from 18 SS patients and 8 age-matched controls. Clinical ophthalmologic assessments included Schirmer I test, tear film breakup time (tBUT), and OSS. The expression of 43 different miRNAs in tears was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction, and compared between the SS patients and controls. And we also compared between the three groups of control, primary SS, and secondary SS patients. The correlation between the miRNA expression and OSS was evaluated. Results The expression levels of miR-16-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-142-3p, and miR-223-3p were significantly upregulated in patients with SS when compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of 10 miRNAs (miR-30b-5p, miR-30c-5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-134-5p, miR-137, miR-302d-5p, miR-365b-3p, miR-374c-5p, miR-487b-3p) was significantly downregulated in the SS patients (P < 0.05). Eight miRNAs showed statistically significant differences between the three groups of control, primary SS and secondary SS. All 14 miRNAs with significant differences in SS patients and control group were not significantly correlated with OSSs. Conclusions The 14 differentially expressed miRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of SS, in particular, related to autoimmunity and neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jeong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Yeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won June Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Un Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyoon Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Sung
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Roo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Woong Lim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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19
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Liu B, Zhao L, Wei Y, Chen S, Bian L, Guo D, Gao M, Nian H. MicroRNA expression profile of Lacrimal Glands in rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis model. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2879-2887. [PMID: 33162816 PMCID: PMC7645348 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To identify the differential expression of microRNAs (miRs) and the related gene networks and signal pathways in lacrimal glands (LGs) of rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis. Methods: Autoimmune dacryoadenitis in rabbits was induced by transferring activated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). The LGs of normal and model group rabbits were collected for small RNA sequencing. The most differentially expressed miRs were validated by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Further, bioinformatics analysis including target gene prediction, Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Results: A total of 15 miRs were differentially expressed in the LGs of rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis relative to normal controls. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that most target genes of these dysregulated miRs were implicated in MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our results showed for the first time the differentially expressed miRs and the related pathways involved in the pathogenesis of rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis. These results may contribute to elucidating molecular pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yankai Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingzhai Bian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Nian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
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20
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Ibáñez-Cabellos JS, Seco-Cervera M, Osca-Verdegal R, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL. Epigenetic Regulation in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren Syndrome and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Genet 2019; 10:1104. [PMID: 31798626 PMCID: PMC6863924 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases, such as Sjögren syndrome (SS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are characterized by chronic inflammation and autoimmunity, which cause joint tissue damage and destruction by triggering reduced mobility and debilitation in patients with these diseases. Initiation and maintenance of chronic inflammatory stages account for several mechanisms that involve immune cells as key players and the interaction of the immune cells with other tissues. Indeed, the overlapping of certain clinical and serologic manifestations between SS and RA may indicate that numerous immunologic-related mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology of both these diseases. It is widely accepted that epigenetic pathways play an essential role in the development and function of the immune system. Although many published studies have attempted to elucidate the relation between epigenetic modifications (e.g. DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, miRNAs) and autoimmune disorders, the contribution of epigenetic regulation to the pathogenesis of SS and RA is at present poorly understood. This review attempts to shed light from a critical point of view on the identification of the most relevant epigenetic mechanisms related to RA and SS by explaining intricate regulatory processes and phenotypic features of both autoimmune diseases. Moreover, we point out some epigenetic markers which can be used to monitor the inflammation status and the dysregulated immunity in SS and RA. Finally, we discuss the inconvenience of using epigenetic data obtained from bulk immune cell populations instead specific immune cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Santiago Ibáñez-Cabellos
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Seco-Cervera
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Osca-Verdegal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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21
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Jang SI, Tandon M, Teos L, Zheng C, Warner BM, Alevizos I. Dual function of miR-1248 links interferon induction and calcium signaling defects in Sjögren's syndrome. EBioMedicine 2019; 48:526-538. [PMID: 31597594 PMCID: PMC6838412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders leading to exocrine gland dysfunction. Both immune-dependent processes - like Type I Interferon (IFN) signaling and immune-independent processes - such as calcium signaling in epithelial cells - contribute to disease pathophysiology. However, a mechanistic link between these processes has not been demonstrated. METHODS Primary human salivary gland cells were used to evaluate the differential expression of miRNAs with smRNA-seq in primary epithelial cells culture and digital PCR was conducted in SS human salivary glands (SG) biopsies to verify the results. With siRNA screening and pull-down assays to establish the role of miRNA in IFN activation. FINDINGS Activation of IFN-β by miR-1248 is through the direct association with both RIG-I and AGO2. Further functional studies establish a unique dual functional role of miR-1248 in phSG cells: i) activation of the RIG-I pathway by acting as ligand of this sensor leading to IFN production and ii) regulation of the expression of mRNAs through the canonical microRNA function. Importantly, ITPR3, a key component of calcium signaling in epithelial cells, that has previously shown to be downregulated in SS SG, was directly targeted and downregulated by miR-1248, inducing the same functional calcium signaling changes as observed in SS SGs. INTERPRETATION Identification of the first endogenous mammalian microRNA that binds to RIG-I inducing IFN production but also demonstrate a novel pathophysiological underlying mechanism in which miR-1248 overexpression links two major pathways associated with SS, namely activation of IFN production with modulation of calcium signaling. Together, these findings suggest a unifying hypothesis for the immune-independent and -dependent processes contributing to the pathogenesis of SS. FUND: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyh-Ing Jang
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mayank Tandon
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leyla Teos
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - ChangYu Zheng
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Blake M Warner
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ilias Alevizos
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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22
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Epigenetic Modifications in Generalized Autoimmune Epithelitis: Sjögren's Syndrome and Primary Biliary Cholangitis. EPIGENOMES 2019; 3:epigenomes3030015. [PMID: 34968227 PMCID: PMC8594719 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes3030015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) can be classified as a model of generalized autoimmune epithelitis based on their frequent coexistence in clinical practice and the highly specific immune mediated injury of target epithelial cells. Both of these autoimmune diseases are characterized by female predominance, highly specific circulating autoantibodies, and immune-mediated destruction of the salivary and lachrymal glands and the biliary epithelial cells, respectively. Although the genetic predisposition has been well described for both diseases, genetic studies have failed to completely elucidate their pathogenesis. The recent integration of epigenetic data, analyzing the different cellular partners, opens new perspectives and allows for better understanding of these complex and still incurable diseases. Epigenetic studies on SjS have elucidated the role of DNA methylation alterations in disease pathogenesis, while epigenetic changes that influence expression of genes on the X chromosome have been implicated in the geo-variability and occurrence of PBC. The aim of this review is to describe the advances in epigenetics in the field of autoimmune epithelitis as well as to highlight how epigenetic changes could contribute to better understanding of disease pathogenesis and progression. These advances could yield insights on novel therapeutic interventions.
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23
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Lopes AP, van Roon JAG, Blokland SLM, Wang M, Chouri E, Hartgring SAY, van der Wurff-Jacobs KMG, Kruize AA, Burgering BMT, Rossato M, Radstake TRDJ, Hillen MR. MicroRNA-130a Contributes to Type-2 Classical DC-activation in Sjögren's Syndrome by Targeting Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Protein Kinase-1. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1335. [PMID: 31281310 PMCID: PMC6595962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Considering the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulation of cell activation, we investigated their role in circulating type-2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) compared to healthy controls (HC). Methods: CD1c-expressing cDC2s were isolated from peripheral blood. A discovery cohort (15 pSS, 6 HC) was used to screen the expression of 758 miRNAs and a replication cohort (15 pSS, 11 HC) was used to confirm differential expression of 18 identified targets. Novel targets for two replicated miRNAs were identified by SILAC in HEK-293T cells and validated in primary cDC2s. Differences in cytokine production between pSS and HC cDC2s were evaluated by intracellular flow-cytometry. cDC2s were cultured in the presence of MSK1-inhibitors to investigate their effect on cytokine production. Results: Expression of miR-130a and miR-708 was significantly decreased in cDC2s from pSS patients compared to HC in both cohorts, and both miRNAs were downregulated upon stimulation via endosomal TLRs. Upstream mediator of cytokine production MSK1 was identified as a novel target of miR-130a and overexpression of miR-130a reduced MSK1 expression in cDC2s. pSS cDC2s showed higher MSK1 expression and an increased fraction of IL-12 and TNF-α-producing cells. MSK1-inhibition reduced cDC2 activation and production of IL-12, TNF-α, and IL-6. Conclusions: The decreased expression of miR-130a and miR-708 in pSS cDC2s seems to reflect cell activation. miR-130a targets MSK1, which regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and we provide proof-of-concept for MSK1-inhibition as a therapeutic avenue to impede cDC2 activity in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Lopes
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joel A G van Roon
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sofie L M Blokland
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maojie Wang
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eleni Chouri
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sarita A Y Hartgring
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kim M G van der Wurff-Jacobs
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aike A Kruize
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn M T Burgering
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maarten R Hillen
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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24
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Mielle J, Tison A, Cornec D, Le Pottier L, Daien C, Pers JO. B cells in Sjögren's syndrome: from pathophysiology to therapeutic target. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 60:2545-2560. [PMID: 30770916 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological abnormalities associated with B lymphocytes are a hallmark of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Those patients present abnormal distribution of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood and B cells in exocrine glands. B cells produce auto-antibodies, cytokines and present antigens but can also suppressive functions. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge on B cells in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients, demonstrate their critical role in the immunopathology of the disease and describe the past and current trials targeting B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Mielle
- Departement of Rheumatology, UMR5535, Inflammation and Cancer, University of Montpellier and Teaching hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alice Tison
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, Inserm, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Divi Cornec
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, Inserm, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Claire Daien
- Departement of Rheumatology, UMR5535, Inflammation and Cancer, University of Montpellier and Teaching hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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25
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Microbial Agents as Putative Inducers of B Cell Lymphoma in Sjögren's Syndrome through an Impaired Epigenetic Control: The State-of-The-Art. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:8567364. [PMID: 30723750 PMCID: PMC6339763 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8567364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is crucially important in order to be able to discriminate the steps that lead to B cell transformation and promptly identify the patients at risk of lymphomagenesis. The aim of this narrative review is to describe the evidence concerning the role that infections or dysbiosis plays in the epigenetic control of gene expression in SS patients and their possible involvement in B cell lymphomagenesis. Materials and Methods We searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases and selected a total of 92 articles published during the last 25 years that describe experimental and clinical studies of the potential associations of microbiota and epigenetic aberrations with the risk of B cell lymphoma in SS patients. Results and Discussion The genetic background of SS patients is characterized by the hyperexpression of genes that are mainly involved in regulating the innate and adaptive immune responses and oncogenesis. In addition, salivary gland epithelial cells and lymphocytes both have an altered epigenetic background that enhances the activation of proinflammatory and survival pathways. Dysbiosis or chronic latent infections may tune the immune response and modify the cell epigenetic machinery in such a way as to give B lymphocytes an activated or transformed phenotype. It is also worth noting that transposable integrated retroelements may participate in the pathogenesis of SS and B cell lymphomagenesis by inducing DNA breaks, modulating cell gene expression, or generating aberrant transcripts that chronically stimulate the immune system. Conclusions Microorganisms may epigenetically modify target cells and induce their transcriptome to generate an activated or transformed phenotype. The occurrence of lymphoma in more than 15% of SS patients may be the end result of a combination of genetics, epigenetics, and dysbiosis or latent infections.
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26
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Cha S, Mona M, Lee KE, Kim DH, Han K. MicroRNAs in Autoimmune Sjögren's Syndrome. Genomics Inform 2018; 16:e19. [PMID: 30602080 PMCID: PMC6440664 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2018.16.4.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, have been implicated in various diseases and cellular functions as microregulators of gene expression. Although the history of miRNA investigation in autoimmune Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) is fairly short, a substantial amount of data has already been accumulated. These findings clearly indicate potential clinical implications of miRNAs, such as autoantigen expression and autoantibody production, viral miRNAs regulating the calcium signaling pathway, and aberrant immune cell regulation and cytokine production. Research endeavors in the field are currently underway to select disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers by utilizing different types of tissues or biological specimens of SjS patients. Various techniques for miRNA analysis with different stringencies have been applied, with the most recent one being next-generation sequencing. This review compiles and highlights differentially-expressed miRNAs in various samples collected from SjS patients and their potential implications in the pathogenesis of SjS. To facilitate the development of miRNA-targeted personalized therapy in the future, we urge more follow-up studies that confirm these findings and elucidate the immunopathological roles of differentially-expressed miRNAs. Furthermore, improved diagnostic criteria for the disease itself will minimize sampling errors in patient recruitment, preventing the generation of inconsistent data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Cha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mahmoud Mona
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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27
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Di Marco M, Ramassone A, Pagotto S, Anastasiadou E, Veronese A, Visone R. MicroRNAs in Autoimmunity and Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103139. [PMID: 30322050 PMCID: PMC6213554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity and hematological malignancies are often concomitant in patients. A causal bidirectional relationship exists between them. Loss of immunological tolerance with inappropriate activation of the immune system, likely due to environmental and genetic factors, can represent a breeding ground for the appearance of cancer cells and, on the other hand, blood cancers are characterized by imbalanced immune cell subsets that could support the development of the autoimmune clone. Considerable effort has been made for understanding the proteins that have a relevant role in both processes; however, literature advances demonstrate that microRNAs (miRNAs) surface as the epigenetic regulators of those proteins and control networks linked to both autoimmunity and hematological malignancies. Here we review the most up-to-date findings regarding the miRNA-based molecular mechanisms that underpin autoimmunity and hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Di Marco
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alice Ramassone
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Sara Pagotto
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Angelo Veronese
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science (DMSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Rosa Visone
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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28
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Wen R, Umeano AC, Essegian DJ, Sabitaliyevich UY, Wang K, Farooqi AA. Role of microRNA-410 in molecular oncology: A double edged sword. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8737-8742. [PMID: 30086210 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding single-stranded RNAs, which play significant roles in the regulation of a myriad of biological processes. Overwhelmingly increasing high-impact research has also deepened our understanding about the central role of miRNAs in cancer development, metastatic spread, and development of resistance against various drugs. Recent studies have identified miRNAs that regulate RNA expression/processing and posttranscriptional expression of important oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Rapidly emerging experimentally verified data have started to shed light on the significance of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring purposes. Next-generation sequencing and DNA microarray technologies have helped us tremendously in the identification of miRNA and mRNA signatures in different cancers and their subtypes on a genome-wide scale. It is being increasing realized that miRNAs have diametrically opposite roles in different cancers. miR-410 is context-dependently involved in positive and negative regulation of cancers. miR-410 negatively regulates BAK1, CETN3, and BRD7 to promote cancer. However, miR-410 effectively targetes c-MET, AGTR1, and SNAIL to suppress cancer. In this review, we will comprehensively summarize most recent evidence available related to the "split personality" of miR-410 in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Afoma C Umeano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Derek J Essegian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
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29
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MicroRNA in Sjögren's Syndrome: Their Potential Roles in Pathogenesis and Diagnosis. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7510174. [PMID: 29977932 PMCID: PMC6011049 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7510174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) or sicca syndrome was described by Swedish ophthalmologist Sjögren in the year 1933 for the first time. The etiology of the SS is multifunctional and includes a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental as well as epigenetic factors. It is an autoimmune disease characterized by features of systemic autoimmunity, dysfunction, and inflammation in the exocrine glands (mainly salivary and lacrimal glands) and lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands. In fact, the involvement of lacrimal and salivary glands results in the typical features of dry eye and salivary dysfunction (xerostomia). Only in one-third of the patients also present systemic extraglandular manifestations. T cells were originally considered to play the initiating role in the autoimmune process, while B cells were restricted to autoantibody production. In recent years, it is understood that the roles of B cells are multiple. Moreover, autoantibodies and blood B cell analysis are major contributors to a clinical diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Recently, there has been rising interest in microRNA implication in autoimmunity. Unfortunately, to date, there are only a few studies that have investigated their participation in SS etiopathogenesis. The purpose of this work is to gather the data present in the literature to clarify this complex topic.
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30
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Epigenetic alterations in primary Sjögren's syndrome - an overview. Clin Immunol 2018; 196:12-20. [PMID: 29649576 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by inflammation of exocrine glands, mainly salivary and lacrimal glands. In addition, pSS may affect multiple other organs resulting in systemic manifestations. Although the precise etiology of pSS remains elusive, pSS is considered to be a multi-factorial disease, where underlying genetic predisposition, environmental factors and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to disease development. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, may constitute a dynamic link between genome, environment and phenotypic manifestation by their modulating effects on gene expression. A growing body of studies reporting altered epigenetic landscapes in pSS suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of pSS, and the reversible nature of epigenetic modifications suggests therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic dysregulation in pSS. This article reviews our current understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in pSS and discusses implications for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Wang Y, Zhang G, Zhang L, Zhao M, Huang H. Decreased microRNA-181a and -16 expression levels in the labial salivary glands of Sjögren syndrome patients. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:426-432. [PMID: 29387196 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren syndrome (SS) is characterized by dysfunction of the exocrine glands, particularly the salivary and lacrimal glands. Thus, labial salivary gland biopsy is useful method for diagnosing SS. The aim of the present study was to investigate the microRNA (miRNA or miR) profile of labial salivary glands obtained from SS patients and to examine the correlation of miR-181a and -16 levels with the pathological grade in SS. miRNA expression in labial salivary gland tissues was profiled in 3 female patients with primary SS and 3 female patients with non-SS sicca syndrome using microarray analysis. In addition, a literature search and miRNA target gene prediction were performed to collect miRNAs involved in SS pathogenesis. Subsequent to integrating all database results, miR-181a and -16 were identified to be associated with the Ro/SS-associated antigen A and La/SS-associated antigen B during SS pathogenesis. Therefore, these miRNAs were selected for further verification in labial salivary gland tissues of 28 patients with SS and 18 non-SS sicca syndrome control individuals by quantitative reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Compared with the control group, 76 miRNAs were upregulated and 51 were downregulated in the labial salivary gland of SS patients according to microarray results. In particular, miR-181a and -16 expression levels in the labial salivary gland of SS patients were decreased in comparison with those in the controls. Furthermore, the decreased expression levels of these miRNAs were associated with the labial salivary pathological focus scores. In conclusion, the present study examined the miRNA profiles in the labial salivary glands of SS patients and detected decreased miR-181a and -16 expression levels compared with the control individuals. Finally, the decreased levels of miR-181a and -16 were associated with the salivary gland pathological focus scores, suggesting that miR-181a and -16 may serve a role in the pathogenesis of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Miansong Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Hongdong Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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32
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[Influence of epigenetic in Sjögren's syndrome]. Rev Med Interne 2017; 39:346-351. [PMID: 29054585 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune epithelitis with a major female incidence, and characterized by a dry syndrome, impaired quality of life, visceral involvement, and lymphoma for the most aggressive cases. During this process, epithelial cells acquire the capacity to produce cytokines, chemokines, and autoantigens which can in turn be presented to the immune system. Consequently, this epithelitis is accompanied by lymphocytic infiltrations leading to the formation of pseudo-follicles in which self-reactive B lymphocytes are present. The recent integration of genomic and especially of epigenomic data, which make it possible to analyze the different cellular partners, opens new perspectives and allows to a better understanding of this complex and still incurable disease.
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33
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Kulkarni V, Uttamani JR, Naqvi AR, Nares S. microRNAs: Emerging players in oral cancers and inflammatory disorders. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698379. [PMID: 28459366 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Association of oral diseases and disorders with altered microRNA profiles is firmly recognized. These evidences support the potential use of microRNAs as therapeutic tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various diseases. In this review, we highlight the association of altered microRNA signatures in oral cancers and oral inflammatory diseases. Advances in our ability to detect microRNAs in human sera and saliva further highlight their clinical value as potential biomarkers. We have discussed key mechanisms underlying microRNA dysregulation in pathological conditions. The use of microRNAs in diagnostics and their potential therapeutic value in the treatment of oral diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kulkarni
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Juhi Raju Uttamani
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Afsar Raza Naqvi
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Salvador Nares
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Chen JQ, Papp G, Póliska S, Szabó K, Tarr T, Bálint BL, Szodoray P, Zeher M. MicroRNA expression profiles identify disease-specific alterations in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sjögren's syndrome. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174585. [PMID: 28339495 PMCID: PMC5365120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their critical role in genetic control opened new avenues in understanding of various biological processes including immune cell lineage commitment, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. However, a given miRNA may have hundreds of different mRNA targets and a target might be regulated by multiple miRNAs, thus the characterisation of dysregulated miRNA expression profiles could give a better insight into the development of immunological disturbances in autoimmune diseases. The aim of our study was to examine the changes in miRNA expression profiles in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Eight SLE patients, 8 pSS patients and 7 healthy subjects were enrolled in the investigation. MiRNAs were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and expression patterns were determined with Illumina next-generation sequencing technology. Since the immunopathogenesis of pSS and SLE encompasses pronounced B cell hyperactivity along with specific autoantibody production, we paid a special attention on the association between miRNA expression levels and altered peripheral B cell distribution. In SLE patients 135, while in pSS patients 26 miRNAs showed altered expression. Interestingly, the 25 miRNAs including miR-146a, miR-16 and miR-21, which were over-expressed in pSS patients, were found to be elevated in SLE group, as well. On the contrary, we observed the down-regulation of miR-150-5p, which is a novel and unique finding in pSS. Levels of several miRNAs over-expressed in SLE, were not changed in pSS, such as miR-148a-3p, miR-152, miR-155, miR-223, miR-224, miR-326 and miR-342. Expression levels of miR-223-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-342-3p, which miRNAs are potentially linked to B cell functions, showed associations with the B cell proportions within peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The observed differences in miRNA expression profiles and the better understanding of immune regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs may help to elucidate the pathogenesis of SLE and pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qing Chen
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatic Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Szabó
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tarr
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bálint László Bálint
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatic Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Szodoray
- Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margit Zeher
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Chen JQ, Papp G, Szodoray P, Zeher M. The role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:1171-1180. [PMID: 27639156 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, endogenous non-coding small RNAs, ranging from 18 to 25 nucleotides in length. Growing evidence suggests that miRNAs are essential in regulating gene expression, cell development, differentiation and function. Autoimmune diseases are a family of chronic systemic inflammatory diseases. Recent findings on miRNA expression profiles have been suggesting their role as biomarkers in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of miRNAs and their functional role in the immune system and autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and psoriasis; moreover, we depict the advantages of miRNAs in modern diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qing Chen
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Móricz Zs. str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Móricz Zs. str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Szodoray
- Centre for Immune Regulation, Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margit Zeher
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Móricz Zs. str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Primary Sjögren’s syndrome: clinical phenotypes, outcome and the development of biomarkers. Immunol Res 2016; 65:331-344. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-016-8844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Goules AV, Tzioufas AG. Primary Sjӧgren's syndrome: Clinical phenotypes, outcome and the development of biomarkers. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:695-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Williams AEG, Choi K, Chan AL, Lee YJ, Reeves WH, Bubb MR, Stewart CM, Cha S. Sjögren's syndrome-associated microRNAs in CD14(+) monocytes unveils targeted TGFβ signaling. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:95. [PMID: 27142093 PMCID: PMC4855899 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-0987-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) monocytes have a pro-inflammatory phenotype, which may influence SjS pathogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenously expressed molecules that can inhibit protein expression of their targeted genes and have important functions in regulating cell signaling responses. We profiled miRNAs in SjS monocytes to identify a SjS-specific miRNA profile and determine the potential roles of miRNAs in SjS pathogenesis. Methods Total RNA was extracted from healthy control (HC, n = 10), SjS (n = 18), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n = 10), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 10) peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes for miRNA microarray analysis. To validate select miRNAs from the microarray analysis, the original cohort and a new cohort of monocyte RNA samples from HC (n = 9), SjS (n = 12), SLE (n = 8), and RA (n = 9) patients were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Functional predictions of differentially expressed miRNAs were determined through miRNA target prediction database analyses. Statistical analyses performed included one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post tests, linear regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Results MiRNAs were predominantly upregulated in SjS monocytes in comparison with controls. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmations supported co-regulation of miR-34b-3p, miR-4701-5p, miR-609, miR-300, miR-3162-3p, and miR-877-3p in SjS monocytes (13/30, 43.3 %) in comparison with SLE (1/17, 5.8 %) and RA (1/18, 5.6 %). MiRNA-target pathway predictions identified SjS-associated miRNAs appear to preferentially target the canonical TGFβ signaling pathway as opposed to pro-inflammatory interleukin-12 and Toll-like receptor/NFkB pathways. Conclusions Our results underscore a novel underlying molecular mechanism where SjS-associated miRNAs may collectively suppress TGFβ signaling as opposed to pro-inflammatory interleukin-12 and Toll-like receptor/NFκB pathways in SjS pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-016-0987-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne E G Williams
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100414, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Kevin Choi
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100414, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Annie L Chan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Westley H Reeves
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Michael R Bubb
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Carol M Stewart
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100414, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Seunghee Cha
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100414, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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Chen JQ, Zilahi E, Papp G, Sipka S, Zeher M. Simultaneously increased expression of microRNA-155 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1
) gene in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Int J Rheum Dis 2015; 20:609-613. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qing Chen
- Division of Clinical Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Erika Zilahi
- Division of Clinical Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Division of Clinical Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Sándor Sipka
- Division of Clinical Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Margit Zeher
- Division of Clinical Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
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Dysregulated co-stimulatory molecule expression in a Sjögren's syndrome mouse model with potential implications by microRNA-146a. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:606-16. [PMID: 26505653 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is an autoimmune condition that primarily affects salivary and lacrimal glands, causing loss of secretion. We have previously shown that microRNA-146a (miR-146a) is over-expressed in the salivary glands and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of SjS-prone mice (C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2, B6DC) and in PBMC of SjS patients. The purpose of this research was to identify a target molecule of miR-146a and identify subpopulations of cells affected by altered miR-146a in the salivary glands of SjS-prone mice. In silico analyses identified costimulatory molecule CD80 as a potential target of miR-146a. Luciferase assay of the human CD80 3'untranslated region demonstrated miR-146a directly inhibited CD80 protein expression as indicated by reduced luciferase reporter expression and an examination of B6DC salivary glands revealed a reduction in CD80 protein. More interestingly, the specific reduction in CD80 protein was detected from the salivary gland epithelial cell population and in interstitial dendritic cells in the glands as well. The reduction in CD80 protein levels in salivary gland epithelial cells were negatively associated with elevated miR-146a expression. Therefore, this study provides the first indication that salivary gland epithelial cells may be critically involved in SjS progression by altering CD86:CD80 protein ratio in response to miR-146a upregulation.
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Gourzi VC, Kapsogeorgou EK, Kyriakidis NC, Tzioufas AG. Study of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are predicted to target the autoantigens Ro/SSA and La/SSB in primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 182:14-22. [PMID: 26201309 PMCID: PMC4578504 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The elevated tissue expression of Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantigens appears to be crucial for the generation and perpetuation of autoimmune humoral responses against these autoantigens in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The mechanisms that govern their expression are not known. miRNAs, the post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, might be implicated. We have identified previously the miRNAs let7b, miR16, miR181a, miR200b-3p, miR200b-5p, miR223 and miR483-5p that are predicted to target Ro/SSA [Ro52/tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), Ro60/TROVE domain family, member 2 (TROVE2)] and La/SSB mRNAs. To study possible associations with autoantigen mRNA expression and disease features, their expression was investigated in minor salivary gland (MSG) tissues, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and long-term cultured non-neoplastic salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) from 29 SS patients (20 of 29 positive for autoantibodies to Ro/SSA and La/SSB) and 24 sicca-complaining controls. The levels of miR16 were up-regulated in MSGs, miR200b-3p in SGECs and miR223 and miR483-5p in PBMCs of SS patients compared to sicca-complaining controls. The MSG levels of let7b, miR16, miR181a, miR223 and miR483-5p were correlated positively with Ro52/TRIM21-mRNA. miR181a and miR200b-3p were correlated negatively with Ro52/TRIM21 and Ro60/TROVE2 mRNAs in SGECs, respectively, whereas let7b, miR200b-5p and miR223 associated with La/SSB-mRNA. In PBMCs, let7b, miR16, miR181a and miR483-5p were correlated with Ro52/TRIM21, whereas let7b, miR16 and miR181a were also associated with La/SSB-mRNA expression. Significantly lower miR200b-5p levels were expressed in SS patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma compared to those without. Our findings indicate that miR16, miR200b-3p, miR223 and miR483-5p are deregulated in SS, but the exact role of this deregulation in disease pathogenesis and autoantigen expression needs to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Gourzi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
| | - E K Kapsogeorgou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
| | - N C Kyriakidis
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
| | - A G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
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Up-regulation of Serum MiR-130b-3p Level is Associated with Renal Damage in Early Lupus Nephritis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12644. [PMID: 26316103 PMCID: PMC4551961 DOI: 10.1038/srep12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common but severe autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease. Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious complication of SLE,affecting up to 70% of SLE patients. Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) are emerging as biomarkers for pathological conditions and play significant roles in intercellular communication. In present research, serum samples from healthy control, early and late stage LN patients were used to analyze the expression profile of miRNAs by microarray. Subsequent study demonstrated that miR-130b-3p in serum of patients with early stage LN were significantly up-regulated when compared with healthy controls. In addition,we have also observed that the expression of a large amount of circulating microRNAs significantly decreased in patients with late stage LN. The further analysis found that the expression of serum miR-130b-3p was positively correlated with 24-hour proteinuria and renal chronicity index in patients with early stage LN.Transfection of renal tubular cellline(HK-2)with miR-130b-3p mimics can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The opposite effects were observed when transfected with miR-130b-3p inhibitors. MiR-130b-3p negatively regulated ERBB2IP expression by directly targeting the 3′-UTR of ERBB2IP The circulating miR-130b-3p might serve as a biomarker and play an important role in renal damage in early stage LN patients.
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Abuhatzira L, Xu H, Tahhan G, Boulougoura A, Schäffer AA, Notkins AL. Multiple microRNAs within the 14q32 cluster target the mRNAs of major type 1 diabetes autoantigens IA-2, IA-2β, and GAD65. FASEB J 2015; 29:4374-83. [PMID: 26148972 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-273649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Islet antigen (IA)-2, IA-2β, and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) are major autoantigens in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Autoantibodies to these autoantigens appear years before disease onset and are widely used as predictive markers. Little is known, however, about what regulates the expression of these autoantigens. The present experiments were initiated to test the hypothesis that microRNAs (miRNAs) can target and affect the levels of these autoantigens. Bioinformatics was used to identify miRNAs predicted to target the mRNAs coding IA-2, IA-2β, and GAD65. RNA interference for the miRNA processing enzyme Dicer1 and individual miRNA mimics and inhibitors were used to confirm the effect in mouse islets and MIN6 cells. We show that the imprinted 14q32 miRNA cluster contains 56 miRNAs, 32 of which are predicted to target the mRNAs of T1D autoantigens and 12 of which are glucose-sensitive. Using miRNA mimics and inhibitors, we confirmed that at least 7 of these miRNAs modulate the mRNA levels of the T1D autoantigens. Dicer1 knockdown significantly reduced the mRNA levels of all 3 autoantigens, further confirming the importance of miRNAs in this regulation. We conclude that miRNAs are involved in regulating the expression of the major T1D autoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Abuhatzira
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Huanyu Xu
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Georges Tahhan
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Afroditi Boulougoura
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alejandro A Schäffer
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Abner L Notkins
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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The DNA damage response and immune signaling alliance: Is it good or bad? Nature decides when and where. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 154:36-56. [PMID: 26145166 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The characteristic feature of healthy living organisms is the preservation of homeostasis. Compelling evidence highlight that the DNA damage response and repair (DDR/R) and immune response (ImmR) signaling networks work together favoring the harmonized function of (multi)cellular organisms. DNA and RNA viruses activate the DDR/R machinery in the host cells both directly and indirectly. Activation of DDR/R in turn favors the immunogenicity of the incipient cell. Hence, stimulation of DDR/R by exogenous or endogenous insults triggers innate and adaptive ImmR. The immunogenic properties of ionizing radiation, a prototypic DDR/R inducer, serve as suitable examples of how DDR/R stimulation alerts host immunity. Thus, critical cellular danger signals stimulate defense at the systemic level and vice versa. Disruption of DDR/R-ImmR cross talk compromises (multi)cellular integrity, leading to cell-cycle-related and immune defects. The emerging DDR/R-ImmR concept opens up a new avenue of therapeutic options, recalling the Hippocrates quote "everything in excess is opposed by nature."
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Farkaš R. Apocrine secretion: New insights into an old phenomenon. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1740-50. [PMID: 25960390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While apocrine secretion was among the earliest secretory mechanisms to be identified, its underlying basis remains poorly understood. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review reappraises our understanding of apocrine secretion using insights about apocrine secretion from the salivary glands of Drosophila, in which molecular genetic analyses have provided a glimmer of hope for elucidating the mechanistic aspects of this fundamental process. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the well-defined process of exocytosis, apocrine secretion is non-vesicular transport and secretory pathway that entails the loss of part of the cytoplasm. It often involves apical protrusions and generates cytoplasmic fragments inside a secretory lumen. In its most intense phase this process is accompanied by the release of large fragments of cellular structures and entire organelles that include mitochondria, Golgi, and portions of the endoplasmic reticulum, among others. Proteomic analyses revealed that the secretion is composed of hundreds to thousands of membranous, cytoskeletal, microsomal, mitochondrial, ribosomal, and even nuclear as well as nucleolar proteins. Strikingly, although many nuclear proteins are released, the nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid itself remains intact. In spite of this complexity, it appears that several protein components of apocrine secretion are identical, regardless of the location of the apocrine gland. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This type of secretion appears to be common to many, if not all, barrier epithelial tissues including skin derivatives and the epididymis, and is implicated also in lung/bronchi and intestinal epithelium. Apocrine secretion is a mechanism that provides the en masse delivery of a very complex proteinaceous mixture from polarized epithelial tissues to allow for communication at exterior interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Farkaš
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlárska 3, 83306 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Mau T, Yung R. Potential of epigenetic therapies in non-cancerous conditions. Front Genet 2014; 5:438. [PMID: 25566322 PMCID: PMC4271720 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an explosion of knowledge in the epigenetics field in the past 20 years. The first epigenetic therapies have arrived in the clinic for cancer treatments. In contrast, much of the promise of epigenetic therapies for non-cancerous conditions remains in the laboratories. The current review will focus on the recent progress that has been made in understanding the pathogenic role of epigenetics in immune and inflammatory conditions, and how the knowledge may provide much needed new therapeutic targets for many autoimmune diseases. Dietary factors are increasingly recognized as potential modifiers of epigenetic marks that can influence health and diseases across generations. The current epigenomics revolution will almost certainly complement the explosion of personal genetics medicine to help guide treatment decisions and disease risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Mau
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Raymond Yung
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Care Center Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Peng L, Ma W, Yi F, Yang YJ, Lin W, Chen H, Zhang X, Zhang LH, Zhang F, Du Q. MicroRNA Profiling in Chinese Patients with Primary Sjögren Syndrome Reveals Elevated miRNA-181a in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. J Rheumatol 2014; 41:2208-13. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.131154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Characterized by chronic inflammation, dysfunction of exocrine glands, and systemic autoimmunity, primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a common autoimmune disease in elderly women. Our study was performed to explore the potential involvement of microRNA (miRNA) in Chinese patients with pSS.Methods.Using microarrays, miRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was profiled in 4 female patients with pSS and 3 healthy participants, followed by a large-scale study of 33 patients and 10 healthy individuals. Compared to the healthy participants, 202 miRNA were upregulated and 180 were downregulated in the patients with pSS. To confirm this finding, a set of regulated miRNA was further examined in a large patient group, using quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR assays.Results.MiR-181a was the miRNA that most profoundly differed between patients with pSS and healthy individuals; however, similar miRNA-181a expression profiles were found in groups with different disease phenotypes. Together, these observations suggested that an elevated miRNA-181a level is a general phenomenon in Chinese patients with pSS.Conclusion.In addition to the elevated miR-181a levels, our study led to the speculation that elevated miR-181a levels in the PBMC of these patients compromise the maturation of B cells, enabling them to recognize and attack autoantigens and resulting in disease phenotypes. In addition to the regulation of human miRNA, many virus-derived miRNA were unexpectedly upregulated in the patients with pSS, suggesting that viral infection of PBMC plays a role in this disease.
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Konsta OD, Thabet Y, Le Dantec C, Brooks WH, Tzioufas AG, Pers JO, Renaudineau Y. The contribution of epigenetics in Sjögren's Syndrome. Front Genet 2014; 5:71. [PMID: 24765104 PMCID: PMC3982050 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune epithelitis that combines exocrine gland dysfunctions and lymphocytic infiltrations. While the pathogenesis of SS remains unclear, its etiology is multifunctional and includes a combination of genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and epigenetic factors. Recently, interest has grown in the involvement of epigenetics in autoimmune diseases. Epigenetics is defined as changes in gene expression, that are inheritable and that do not entail changes in the DNA sequence. In SS, several epigenetic mechanisms are defective including DNA demethylation that predominates in epithelial cells, an abnormal expression of microRNAs, and abnormal chromatin positioning-associated with autoantibody production. Last but not least, epigenetic modifications are reversible as observed in minor salivary glands from SS patients after B cell depletion using rituximab. Thus epigenetic findings in SS open new perspectives for therapeutic approaches as well as the possible identification of new biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsia D Konsta
- Research Unit EA2216 Immunology, Pathology and Immunotherapy, SFR ScinBios and Labex Igo "Immunotherapy Graft, Oncology", Réseau Épigénétique du Cancéropole Grand Ouest, European University of Brittany Brest France ; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Yosra Thabet
- Research Unit EA2216 Immunology, Pathology and Immunotherapy, SFR ScinBios and Labex Igo "Immunotherapy Graft, Oncology", Réseau Épigénétique du Cancéropole Grand Ouest, European University of Brittany Brest France
| | - Christelle Le Dantec
- Research Unit EA2216 Immunology, Pathology and Immunotherapy, SFR ScinBios and Labex Igo "Immunotherapy Graft, Oncology", Réseau Épigénétique du Cancéropole Grand Ouest, European University of Brittany Brest France
| | - Wesley H Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Athanasios G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- Research Unit EA2216 Immunology, Pathology and Immunotherapy, SFR ScinBios and Labex Igo "Immunotherapy Graft, Oncology", Réseau Épigénétique du Cancéropole Grand Ouest, European University of Brittany Brest France
| | - Yves Renaudineau
- Research Unit EA2216 Immunology, Pathology and Immunotherapy, SFR ScinBios and Labex Igo "Immunotherapy Graft, Oncology", Réseau Épigénétique du Cancéropole Grand Ouest, European University of Brittany Brest France ; Laboratory of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Hôpital Morvan - Brest University Medical School Brest France
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Cornec D, Jamin C, Pers JO. Sjögren's syndrome: where do we stand, and where shall we go? J Autoimmun 2014; 51:109-14. [PMID: 24612946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is one of the most frequent autoimmune systemic diseases, mainly characterized by ocular and oral dryness due to the progressive destruction of lachrymal and salivary glands by an inflammatory process. A noteworthy proportion of patients also features extraglandular manifestations, sometimes severe and life-threatening. Until now, its management relies mostly on symptomatic interventions, long-term monitoring, and, in patients with severe systemic complications, immunosuppressive drugs can be provided. However, recent years have seen great progresses in the understanding of the pathological processes of the disease. The central role of regulatory lymphocytes, the implication of the type 1 interferon pathway in some patients or the importance of epigenetics have been highlighted. New classification criteria have been recently published and have shed in light an international attempt for a better recognition of the patients, probably thanks to the development of new diagnostic procedures such as salivary gland ultrasonography. To facilitate the detection of treatment efficacy in clinical trials and to help in determining which subgroups of patients would have benefits from intensive therapies, a better definition of activity scores and the availability of new prognostic markers are urgent. Thereby, the development of future therapies should be based on specific molecular signatures that will enable a personalized management of each patient. This review focuses on the most striking advances in the fields of pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of pSS, which generate a great hope for pSS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divi Cornec
- Department of Rheumatology, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France; EA 2216 Immunology and Pathology, Brest University, SFR ScinBios, Labex 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Brest, France
| | - Christophe Jamin
- EA 2216 Immunology and Pathology, Brest University, SFR ScinBios, Labex 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Brest, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- EA 2216 Immunology and Pathology, Brest University, SFR ScinBios, Labex 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Brest, France.
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A comprehensive review of autoantibodies in primary Sjögren's syndrome: clinical phenotypes and regulatory mechanisms. J Autoimmun 2013; 51:67-74. [PMID: 24333103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by periepithelial lymphocytic infiltrates in affected tissues and the production of plethora of autoantibodies. Among them autoimmune responses against Ro/SSA and La/SSB are of major importance since their detection is routinely used for disease diagnosis and clinical characterization. Although the exact mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis are not fully understood, the important role of salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) in the initiation and development of the local immune responses is well-established. SGECs are also capable to mediate the exposure of the Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantigens to the immune system by elevated apoptosis and autoantigen release in apoptotic bodies and/or by the secretion of autoantigen-containing exosomes. The expression of these autoantigens in epithelial cells appears to be tightly regulated. Up-to-date, signaling of certain innate immunity receptors, such as TLR3, appear to be implicated in the regulation of Ro/SSA and La/SSB expression by SGECs, whereas the deregulated expression of certain miRNAs that are predicted to target them in SS patients suggests a regulatory feedback at the post-transcriptional level. In the periphery, the humoral autoimmune responses are further regulated by the development of an active network of idiotypic-antiidiotypic antibodies. The plethora of mechanisms suggests that autoimmune humoral responses in SS are tightly regulated. In this review, the major humoral autoimmune responses, recent advances on the role of epithelial cells in their development, as well as possible regulatory mechanisms will be discussed.
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