1
|
Pu Q, Yu L, Liu X, Yan H, Xie Y, Cai X, Wu Y, Du J, Yang Z. Prognostic value of CD8 +T cells related genes and exhaustion regulation of Notch signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1375864. [PMID: 38650927 PMCID: PMC11033358 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as the primary treatment modality for patients with advanced Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its clinical efficacy remains limited, benefiting only a subset of patients, while most exhibit immune tolerance and face a grim prognosis. The infiltration of immune cells plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression. In this study, we conducted an analysis of immune cell infiltration patterns in HCC patients and observed a substantial proportion of CD8+T cells. Leveraging the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified 235 genes associated with CD8+T cell and constructed a risk prediction model. In this model, HCC patients were stratified into a high-risk and low-risk group. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited a lower survival rate, predominantly presented with intermediate to advanced stages of cancer, displayed compromised immune function, showed limited responsiveness to immunotherapy, and demonstrated elevated expression levels of the Notch signaling pathway. Further examination of clinical samples demonstrated an upregulation of the Notch1+CD8+T cell exhaustion phenotype accompanied by impaired cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion functions that worsened with increasing Notch activation levels. Our study not only presents a prognostic model but also highlights the crucial involvement of the Notch pathway in CD8+T cell exhaustion-a potential target for future immunotherapeutic interventions.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Signal Transduction
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Notch/genetics
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Male
- Female
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Middle Aged
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Pu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen Yan
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Xie
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Cai
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyun Yang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tian R, Ghosh S. Mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs linked to autoimmune disease risk alleles. Adv Immunol 2024; 161:1-15. [PMID: 38763698 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in human genomics technologies have helped uncover genetic risk alleles for many complex autoimmune diseases. Intriguingly, over 90% of genome-wide association study (GWAS) risk alleles reside within the non-coding regions of the genome. An emerging new frontier of functional and mechanistic studies have shed light on the functional relevance of risk alleles that lie within long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here, we review the mechanisms and functional implications of five evolutionarily conserved lncRNAs that display risk allele association with highly prevalent autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruxiao Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Na-Bangchang K, Teerachaisakul M, Muhamad P, Kasemnitichok Y, Sangnarong N, Boonprasert K, Tarasuk M, Plengsuriyakarn T. Antiproliferative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Deprungsith Formulation and Its Bioactive Compounds Against Mild Psoriasis and Potential of Metabolic Herb-Drug Interactions. J Evid Based Integr Med 2023; 28:2515690X231191101. [PMID: 37553989 PMCID: PMC10413907 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x231191101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an incurable, chronic and auto-immune skin disorder with a global prevalence rate of approximately 2-3%. The study investigated the antipsoriasis activities of Deprungsith formulation and its bioactive components and their potential for inhibitory activities on human cytochrome P450 (CYP450). HaCaT and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers (n = 9) and psoriasis patients (n = 10) were exposed to Deprungsith formulation (Thai traditional medicine for psoriasis consisting of 16 plants), ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC), ligustilide and cyclosporin for 24 and 48 h. The antiproliferative, cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest activities were evaluated using MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression levels were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The CYP450 inhibitory effect was investigated using a bioluminescent-based CYP450 assay. Deprungsith formulation and the bioactive compounds inhibited HaCaT cells and PBMCs with weak to moderate potencies. EPMC and ligustilide combination produced an additive effect. Most substances arrested cell transition at sub-G1 and S phases, leading to early and late apoptosis induction. With prolonged exposure (48 h), all test substances decreased PBMCs necrosis. The mRNA expression of all pro-inflammatory cytokines was downregulated. Deprungsith formulation, EPMC, ligustilide and ferulic acid inhibited CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 activities with weak to moderate potencies. Deprungsith formulation and bioactive components induced cell apoptosis by inhibiting cell transition at specific cell cycle phases, which was correlated with the mRNA downregulation of interleukin (IL-6, IL-12p19, IL-23) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). There is a low risk of potential adverse drug reactions and toxicity due to CYP450 interaction when Deprungsith formulation is concurrently administered with modern medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Monthaka Teerachaisakul
- Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Phunuch Muhamad
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Yositha Kasemnitichok
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Nattida Sangnarong
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Boonprasert
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Mayuri Tarasuk
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng L, Rao Q, Zhang Q, Song W, Guan S, Jiang Z, Wu T, Zhao Z, Song W. The immunotoxicity of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) on broiler chicks by transcriptome profiling analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113284. [PMID: 35149409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) has drawn significant attention due to its suppression of immune functions in animals and even humans. In order to explore the mechanism through which BDE-209 affects the immune system, broiler chicks were fed a diet containing various concentrations of BDE-209 (0, 0.004, 0.04, 0.4, and 4 g/kg) for 42 days. Histopathological observations of immune organs found damaged and necrotic lymphocytes in the spleen and bursa, and losses of lymphoid cells in thymic gland. The activities of catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in both the spleen and serum were affected by BDE-209. Obvious bioaccumulation effect was found in spleen tissues (high to 1339 ± 181.9 μg/kg). Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing analyses of the spleen identified 424 upregulated and 301 downregulated DEGs, and the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signal pathway was most significantly enriched based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Quantitative real-time PCR affirmed the decreased expressions of interleukin IL18, IL18R1, IL18RAP, IL21, as well as interferon gamma IFNG and tumor necrosis factor superfamily members TNFSF8, indicating significant interference to immunomodulation function and possible disease progression in inflammatory effects resulting from BDE-209 exposure. The immunotoxicity of BDE-209 may cause the suppression of immune and physiological functions of spleen cells, leading to inflammation and apoptosis and ultimately spleen atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Qinxiong Rao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Qicai Zhang
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Shuhui Guan
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zhilin Jiang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Puer University, Yunnan 665000, China
| | - Tian Wu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Puer University, Yunnan 665000, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Weiguo Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Functional Implications of Intergenic GWAS SNPs in Immune-Related LncRNAs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1363:147-160. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92034-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
6
|
Ma J, Lam IKY, Lau CS, Chan VSF. Elevated Interleukin-18 Receptor Accessory Protein Mediates Enhancement in Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Neutrophils of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050964. [PMID: 33919154 PMCID: PMC8143138 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-18 receptor accessory protein (IL18RAP) is an indispensable subunit for the IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) complex's ability to mediate high-affinity IL-18 binding and signalling transduction. Interest in IL-18 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been mostly focused on its role as a type 1 T helper cell-driving cytokine. The functional significance of IL18RAP in mediating the IL-18-driven response in myeloid cells in SLE remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the expression and function significance of IL18RAP in neutrophils of SLE patients. By qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses, elevated expressions of IL18RAP mRNA and protein were observed in neutrophils from SLE patients-particularly those with a history of nephritis. IL18RAP expression correlated negatively with complement 3 level and positively with disease activity, with higher expression in patients exhibiting renal and immunological manifestations. The increased IL18RAP expression in SLE neutrophils could be attributed to elevated type I interferon level in sera. Functionally, neutrophils from SLE patients showed higher IL-18-mediated enhancement in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which showed positive correlation with IL18RAP expression and could be neutralized by anti-IL18RAP blocking antibodies. Taken together, our findings suggest that IL-18 could contribute to SLE pathogenesis through mediation of neutrophil dysfunction via the upregulation of IL18RAP expression.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ouellette TW, Wright GE, Drögemöller BI, Ross CJ, Carleton BC. Integrating disease and drug-related phenotypes for improved identification of pharmacogenomic variants. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:251-261. [PMID: 33769074 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To improve the identification and interpretation of pharmacogenetic variants through the integration of disease and drug-related traits. Materials & methods: We hypothesized that integrating genome-wide disease and pharmacogenomic data may drive new insights into drug toxicity and response by identifying shared genetic architecture. Pleiotropic variants were identified using a methodological framework incorporating colocalization analysis. Results: Using genome-wide association studies summary statistics from the UK Biobank, European Bioinformatics Institute genome-wide association studies catalog and the Pharmacogenomics Research Network, we validated pleiotropy at the ABCG2 locus between allopurinol response and gout and identified novel pleiotropy between antihypertensive-induced new-onset diabetes, Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease at the IL18RAP/SLC9A4 locus. Conclusion: New mechanistic insights and genetic loci can be uncovered by identifying pleiotropy between disease and drug-related traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom W Ouellette
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Galen Eb Wright
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Britt I Drögemöller
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Colin Jd Ross
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Bruce C Carleton
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Harms RZ, Ostlund KR, Cabrera M, Edwards E, Smith VB, Smith LM, Sarvetnick N. Frequencies of CD8 and DN MAIT Cells Among Children Diagnosed With Type 1 Diabetes Are Similar to Age-Matched Controls. Front Immunol 2021; 12:604157. [PMID: 33708202 PMCID: PMC7940386 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.604157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been implicated in various forms of autoimmunity, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, we tested the hypothesis that CD8 and double negative (DN) MAIT cell frequencies were altered among diagnosed T1D subjects compared to controls. To do this, we analyzed cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from age-matched T1D and control children using flow cytometry. We observed that CD8 and DN MAIT cell frequencies were similarly abundant between the two groups. We tested for associations between MAIT cell frequency and T1D-associated parameters, which could reveal a pathogenic role for MAIT cells in the absence of changes in frequency. We found no significant associations between CD8 and DN MAIT cell frequency and levels of islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) autoantibodies, zinc transporter 8 (ZNT8) autoantibodies, and insulinoma antigen 2 (IA-2) autoantibodies. Furthermore, CD8 and DN MAIT cell frequencies were not significantly associated with time since diagnosis, c-peptide levels, HbA1c, and BMI. As we have examined this cohort for multiple soluble factors previously, we tested for associations between relevant factors and MAIT cell frequency. These could help to explain the broad range of MAIT frequencies we observed and/or indicate disease-associated processes. Although we found nothing disease-specific, we observed that levels of IL-7, IL-18, 25 (OH) vitamin D, and the ratio of vitamin D binding protein to 25 (OH) vitamin D were all associated with MAIT cell frequency. Finally, previous cytomegalovirus infection was associated with reduced CD8 and DN MAIT cells. From this evaluation, we found no connections between CD8 and DN MAIT cells and children with T1D. However, we did observe several intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could influence peripheral MAIT cell abundance among all children. These factors may be worth consideration in future experimental design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Z Harms
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Katie R Ostlund
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Monina Cabrera
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Nebraska Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Children's Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Earline Edwards
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Nebraska Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Children's Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Victoria B Smith
- Office of the Vice Chancellor of Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Lynette M Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Nora Sarvetnick
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pan S, Li M, Yu H, Xie Z, Li X, Duan X, Huang G, Zhou Z. microRNA-143-3p contributes to inflammatory reactions by targeting FOSL2 in PBMCs from patients with autoimmune diabetes mellitus. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:63-72. [PMID: 32815005 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM Autoimmune diabetes mellitus (defined as ADM) comprises classical type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). In this study, microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profiles and functions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ADM patients were mapped and used to explore epigenetic regulation of the pathogenesis of ADM. METHODS PBMCs samples from T1DM patients, LADA patients, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, as well as age- and sex-matched healthy controls for T1DM and T2DM, respectively, were collected and were sequenced to screen the miRNAs expression profiles. The target genes were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Silencing or overexpressing of the differentially expressed miRNAs, or simultaneously silencing the miRNAs and it's target gene, and then levels of the mRNAs, protein and cytokines were detected. RESULTS miR-143-3p expression was upregulated in ADM patients. The target gene of miR-143-3p was identified as Fos-related antigen 2 (FOSL2). Transfection of a miR-143-3p inhibitor into PBMCs upregulated FOSL2 expression, resulting in a downregulated expression of the IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and an upregulated expression of IL-6. Transfection of a miR-143-3p mimic into PBMCs downregulated FOSL2 expression, leading to an upregulation of IL-2 and TNF-α expression and a downregulation of IL-6 expression. When silencing FOSL2 while inhibiting miR-143-3p in PBMCs, there was no significant change in expression of the FOSL2 mRNA, protein and cytokines. CONCLUSION The expression of miR-143-3p in PBMCs from ADM patients is upregulated. miR-143-3p could function in the pathogenesis of ADM by modulating the inflammatory reaction through FOSL2.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Child
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics
- Female
- Fos-Related Antigen-2/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/pathology
- Male
- MicroRNAs/physiology
- Middle Aged
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Pan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xianlan Duan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dean JW, Peters LD, Fuhrman CA, Seay HR, Posgai AL, Stimpson SE, Brusko MA, Perry DJ, Yeh WI, Newby BN, Haller MJ, Muir AB, Atkinson MA, Mathews CE, Brusko TM. Innate inflammation drives NK cell activation to impair Treg activity. J Autoimmun 2020; 108:102417. [PMID: 32035746 PMCID: PMC7086400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
IL-12 and IL-18 synergize to promote TH1 responses and have been implicated as accelerators of autoimmune pathogenesis in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We investigated the influence of these cytokines on immune cells involved in human T1D progression: natural killer (NK) cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). NK cells from T1D patients exhibited higher surface CD226 versus controls and lower CD25 compared to first-degree relatives and controls. Changes in NK cell phenotype towards terminal differentiation were associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity, while possession of IL18RAP, IFIH1, and IL2RA T1D-risk variants impacted NK cell activation as evaluated by immuno-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses. IL-12 and IL-18 stimulated NK cells from healthy donors exhibited enhanced specific killing of myelogenous K562 target cells. Moreover, activated NK cells increased expression of NKG2A, NKG2D, CD226, TIGIT and CD25, which enabled competition for IL-2 upon co-culture with Tregs, resulting in Treg downregulation of FOXP3, production of IFNγ, and loss of suppressive function. We generated islet-autoreactive CTL "avatars", which upon exposure to IL-12 and IL-18, upregulated IFNγ and Granzyme-B leading to increased lymphocytotoxicity of a human β-cell line in vitro. These results support a model for T1D pathogenesis wherein IL-12 and IL-18 synergistically enhance CTL and NK cell cytotoxic activity and disrupt immunoregulation by Tregs.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers
- Cells, Cultured
- Child
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Disease Susceptibility
- Female
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Immunophenotyping
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocyte Count
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Models, Biological
- Phenotype
- Quantitative Trait Loci
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Dean
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Infectious Disease and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leeana D Peters
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christopher A Fuhrman
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Howard R Seay
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; BD Biosciences, Ashland, OR, USA
| | - Amanda L Posgai
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Scott E Stimpson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maigan A Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel J Perry
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wen-I Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; BD Biosciences, Ashland, OR, USA
| | - Brittney N Newby
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Fate Therapeutics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Haller
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew B Muir
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Clayton E Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khalkhal E, Nobakht F, Haidari MH, Razaghi Z, Ghasemzad M, Sheikhan M, Rostami Nejad M. Evaluation of expression of common genes in the intestine and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) associated with celiac disease. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2020; 13:S60-S67. [PMID: 33585005 PMCID: PMC7881404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AIM this study was conducted to investigate expression of the genes associated with CD in the target tissue in order to estimate contribution of each single gene to development of immune response. Then, the same set of genes was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease of the small intestine occurring in genetically-susceptible individuals. There are several genes related to immune response. METHODS For this purpose, the genes related to CD were extracted from public databases (documents of proteomics and microarray-based techniques) and were organized in a protein-protein interaction network using the search tool for retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING) database as a plugin of Cytoscape software version 3.6.0. The main genes were introduced and enriched via ClueGO to find the related biochemical pathways. The network was analyzed, and the most important genes were introduced based on central indices. RESULTS Among 20 CD genes as hub and bottleneck nodes, there were 7 genes with common expression in blood and intestinal tissue (C-X-C motif chemokine 11(CXCL11), granzyme B (GZMB), interleukin 15(IL-15), interleukin 17(IL-17A), interleukin 23(IL-23A), t-box transcription factor 21(TBX21), and tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3(TNFAIP3)). CONCLUSION The enriched biological process related to the central nodes of celiac network indicated that most of hub-bottleneck genes are the well-known ones involved in different types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh Khalkhal
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nobakht
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossain Haidari
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Razaghi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ghasemzad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Sheikhan
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rostami Nejad
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Castellanos-Rubio A, Ghosh S. Disease-Associated SNPs in Inflammation-Related lncRNAs. Front Immunol 2019; 10:420. [PMID: 30906297 PMCID: PMC6418042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated diseases, such as celiac disease, type 1 diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are a clinically heterogeneous group of diseases that share many key genetic triggers. Although the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the development of immune mediated disorders is not totally understood, high-throughput genomic studies, such as GWAS and Immunochip, performed in the past few years have provided intriguing hints about underlying mechanisms and pathways that lead to disease. More than a hundred gene variants associated with disease susceptibility have been identified through such studies, but the progress toward understanding the underlying mechanisms has been slow. The majority of the identified risk variants are located in non-coding regions of the genome making it difficult to assign a molecular function to the SNPs. However, recent studies have revealed that many of the non-coding regions bearing disease-associated SNPs generate long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs have been implicated in several inflammatory diseases, and many of them have been shown to function as regulators of gene expression. Many of the disease associated SNPs located in lncRNAs modify their secondary structure, or influence expression levels, thereby affecting their regulatory function, hence contributing to the development of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Castellanos-Rubio
- Immunogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.,Functional Studies in Celiac Disease Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
The extracellular forms of the IL-1 cytokines are active through binding to specific receptors on the surface of target cells. IL-1 ligands bind to the extracellular portion of their ligand-binding receptor chain. For signaling to take place, a non-binding accessory chain is recruited into a heterotrimeric complex. The intracellular approximation of the Toll-IL-1-receptor (TIR) domains of the 2 receptor chains is the event that initiates signaling. The family of IL-1 receptors (IL-1R) includes 10 structurally related members, and the distantly related soluble protein IL-18BP that acts as inhibitor of the cytokine IL-18. Over the years the receptors of the IL-1 family have been known with many different names, with significant confusion. Thus, we will use here a recently proposed unifying nomenclature. The family includes several ligand-binding chains (IL-1R1, IL-1R2, IL-1R4, IL-1R5, and IL-1R6), 2 types of accessory chains (IL-1R3, IL-1R7), molecules that act as inhibitors of signaling (IL-1R2, IL-1R8, IL-18BP), and 2 orphan receptors (IL-1R9, IL-1R10). In this review, we will examine how the receptors of the IL-1 family regulate the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions of the IL-1 cytokines and are, more at large, involved in modulating defensive and pathological innate immunity and inflammation. Regulation of the IL-1/IL-1R system in the brain will be also described, as an example of the peculiarities of organ-specific modulation of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Boraschi
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Italiani
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Weil
- Immunology FB08, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael U Martin
- Immunology FB08, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Profiling Celiac Disease-Related Transcriptional Changes. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 336:149-174. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
15
|
Biomarker-guided stratification of autoimmune patients for biologic therapy. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 49:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
16
|
St Laurent G, Seilheimer B, Tackett M, Zhou J, Shtokalo D, Vyatkin Y, Ri M, Toma I, Jones D, McCaffrey TA. Deep Sequencing Transcriptome Analysis of Murine Wound Healing: Effects of a Multicomponent, Multitarget Natural Product Therapy-Tr14. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:57. [PMID: 28879183 PMCID: PMC5572416 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing involves an orchestrated response that engages multiple processes, such as hemostasis, cellular migration, extracellular matrix synthesis, and in particular, inflammation. Using a murine model of cutaneous wound repair, the transcriptome was mapped from 12 h to 8 days post-injury, and in response to a multicomponent, multi-target natural product, Tr14. Using single-molecule RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), there were clear temporal changes in known transcripts related to wound healing pathways, and additional novel transcripts of both coding and non-coding genes. Tr14 treatment modulated >100 transcripts related to key wound repair pathways, such as response to wounding, wound contraction, and cytokine response. The results provide the most precise and comprehensive characterization to date of the transcriptome's response to skin damage, repair, and multicomponent natural product therapy. By understanding the wound repair process, and the effects of natural products, it should be possible to intervene more effectively in diseases involving aberrant repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georges St Laurent
- St. Laurent InstituteVancouver, WA, United States.,SeqLL, Inc.Woburn, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Jianhua Zhou
- St. Laurent InstituteVancouver, WA, United States.,Nantong UniversityNantong, China
| | - Dmitry Shtokalo
- St. Laurent InstituteVancouver, WA, United States.,A.P.Ershov Institute of Informatics SystemsNovosibirsk, Russia.,AcademGene LLCNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuri Vyatkin
- St. Laurent InstituteVancouver, WA, United States.,AcademGene LLCNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim Ri
- St. Laurent InstituteVancouver, WA, United States.,AcademGene LLCNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ian Toma
- Nantong UniversityNantong, China
| | - Dan Jones
- Biologische Heilmittel Heel GmbHBaden-Baden, Germany
| | - Timothy A McCaffrey
- Division of Genomic Medicine, The George Washington UniversityWashington, DC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Quantitative PPARγ expression affects the balance between tolerance and immunity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26646. [PMID: 27221351 PMCID: PMC4879582 DOI: 10.1038/srep26646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PPARγ modulates energy metabolism and inflammation. However, its specific functions in the balance of immunity in vivo have been explored incompletely. In this study, by the age of 14 mo, PpargC/− mice with PPARγ expression at 25% of the normal level exhibited high autoantibody levels and developed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, which resembled systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like autoimmune disease. These symptoms were preceded by splenomegaly at an early age, which was associated with increases in splenocyte accumulation and B-cell activation but not with relocation of hematopoiesis to the spleen. The mechanism of splenic lymphocyte accumulation involved reduced sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) expression and diminished migration toward S1P in the PpargC/− splenocytes, which impeded lymphocyte egression. Mechanistically, increased Th17 polarization and IL-17 signaling in the PpargC/− CD4+ T cells contributed to B-cell hyperactivation in the spleen. Finally, the activation of the remaining PPARγ in PpargC/− mice by pioglitazone increased S1P1 levels, reduced the Th17 population in the spleen, and ameliorated splenomegaly. Taken together, our data demonstrated that reduction of Pparg expression in T-helper cells is critical for spontaneous SLE-like autoimmune disease development; we also revealed a novel function of PPARγ in lymphocyte trafficking and cross talk between Th17 and B cells.
Collapse
|
18
|
Omair A, Mannion AF, Holden M, Leivseth G, Fairbank J, Hägg O, Fritzell P, Brox JI. Age and pro-inflammatory gene polymorphisms influence adjacent segment disc degeneration more than fusion does in patients treated for chronic low back pain. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2015; 25:2-13. [PMID: 26281980 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-4181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Does lumbar fusion lead to accelerated adjacent segment disc degeneration (ASDD) or is it explained by genetics and aging? The influence of genetics on ASDD remains to be explored. This study assesses whether the disc space height adjacent to a fused segment is associated with candidate gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). METHODS Patients with low back pain from four RCTs (N = 208 fusion; 77 non-operative treatment) underwent standing plain radiography and genetic analyses at 13 ± 4 years follow-up. Disc space height was measured using a validated computer-assisted distortion-compensated roentgen analysis technique and reported in standard deviations from normal values. Genetic association analyses included 34 SNPs in 25 structural, inflammatory, matrix degrading, apoptotic, vitamin D receptor and OA-related genes relevant to disc degeneration. These were analysed for their association with disc space height (after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, duration of follow-up and treatment group) first, separately, and then together in a stepwise multivariable model. RESULTS Two SNPs from the IL18RAP gene (rs1420106 and rs917997) were each associated with a lower disc space height at the adjacent level (B = -0.34, p = 0.04 and B = -0.35, p = 0.04, respectively) and the MMP-9 gene SNP rs20544 was associated with a greater disc space height (B = 0.35, p = 0.04). Age (p < 0.001) and fusion (p < 0.008) were also significant variables in each analysis. The total explained variance in disc space height was for each SNP model 13-14 %, with 11-12 % of this being accounted for by the given SNP, 64-67 % by age and 19-22 % by fusion. In the multivariable regression analysis (with nine SNPs selected for entry, along with the covariates) the total explained variance in disc space height was 23 %, with the nine SNPs, age and fusion accounting for 45, 45 and 7 % of this, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Age was the most significant determinant of adjacent segment disc space height followed by genetic factors, specifically inflammatory genes. Fusion explained a statistically significant but small proportion of the total variance. Much of the variance remained to be explained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Omair
- Department of Orthopaedics, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Pathology, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, H-8/4, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Anne F Mannion
- Department of Research and Development, Spine Center Division, Schulthess Klinik, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marit Holden
- Norwegian Computing Centre, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnar Leivseth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neuromuscular Disorders Research Group, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jeremy Fairbank
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olle Hägg
- Spine Center Göteborg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Fritzell
- Neuro-Orthopedic Center, Länssjukhuset Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Jens I Brox
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Epigenetics and Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: a Comprehensive Review and Implications for Autoimmunity. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2015; 50:390-403. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
20
|
Elevated levels of serum IL-12 and IL-18 are associated with lower frequencies of CD4(+)CD25 (high)FOXP3 (+) regulatory t cells in young patients with type 1 diabetes. Inflammation 2015; 37:1513-20. [PMID: 24677179 PMCID: PMC4174326 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is thought to involve chronic inflammation, which is manifested by the activation and expression of different inflammatory mediators. IL-12 and IL-18 are two cytokines that have been shown to exert strong proinflammatory activity and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes in mice and humans. The overproduction of proinflammatory mediators is controlled by specialized T cell subset, namely regulatory T cells that express FOXP3 transcription factor. Since IL-12 and IL-18 mediate inflammatory response and Tregs exhibit anti-inflammatory potential, we aimed to examine their reciprocal relationship in patients with type 1 diabetes. The study group consisted of 47 children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and 28 healthy individuals. Serum levels of IL-12 and IL-18 were measured by ELISA, and the peripheral blood CD4+CD25high FOXP3+ regulatory T cell frequencies were analyzed by flow cytometry. Patients with type 1 diabetes had a decreased percentage of circulating CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ Tregs in comparison to their healthy counterparts. In addition, they produced more IL-12 and IL-18 than children from the control group. Concentrations of these cytokines positively correlated with one another, as well as with CRP and HbA1c. Moreover, the negative association between IL-12, IL-18, CRP serum levels, and the frequency of regulatory CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ Tregs was observed. IL-12 and IL-18 may have direct or indirect impact on regulatory T cell subset, which may contribute to their reduced frequency in peripheral blood of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
|