1
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Dugheri S, Cappelli G, Fanfani N, Ceccarelli J, Marrubini G, Squillaci D, Traversini V, Gori R, Mucci N, Arcangeli G. A New Perspective on SPME and SPME Arrow: Formaldehyde Determination by On-Sample Derivatization Coupled with Multiple and Cooling-Assisted Extractions. Molecules 2023; 28:5441. [PMID: 37513313 PMCID: PMC10383053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is a toxic compound and a human carcinogen. Regulating FA-releasing substances in commercial goods is a growing and interesting topic: worldwide production sectors, like food industries, textiles, wood manufacture, and cosmetics, are involved. Thus, there is a need for sensitive, economical, and specific FA monitoring tools. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine (PFBHA) on-sample derivatization and gas chromatography, is proposed for FA monitoring of real-life samples. This study reports the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a sorbent phase combined with innovative commercial methods, such as multiple SPME (MSPME) and cooling-assisted SPME, for FA determination. Critical steps, such as extraction and sampling, were evaluated in method development. The derivatization was performed at 60 °C for 30 min, followed by 15 min sampling at 10 °C, in three cycles (SPME Arrow) or six cycles (SPME). The sensitivity was satisfactory for the method's purposes (LOD-LOQ at 11-36 ng L-1, and 8-26 ng L-1, for SPME and SPME Arrow, respectively). The method's linearity ranges from the lower LOQ at trace level (ng L-1) to the upper LOQ at 40 mg L-1. The precision range was 5.7-10.2% and 4.8-9.6% and the accuracy was 97.4% and 96.3% for SPME and SPME Arrow, respectively. The cooling MSPME set-up applied to real commercial goods provided results of quality comparable to previously published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Dugheri
- Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology Laboratory, University Hospital Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cappelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Fanfani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Jacopo Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marrubini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Donato Squillaci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Veronica Traversini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gori
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Nicola Mucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulio Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
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2
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Zhakupbekova A, Baimatova N, Psillakis E, Kenessov B. Quantification of trace transformation products of rocket fuel unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine in sand using vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33645-33656. [PMID: 35028834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17844-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine transformation products in solid samples is an important stage in monitoring of environmental pollution caused by heavy rockets launches. The new method for simultaneous quantification of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine transformation products in sand samples using vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction without addition of water followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is proposed. Decreasing air evacuation time from 120 to 20 s at 23 °C resulted in increased responses of analytes by 25-46% and allowed obtaining similar responses as after evacuation at -30 °C. The best combination of responses of analytes and their relative standard deviations (RSDs) was achieved after air evacuation of a sample (m = 1.00 g) for 20 s at 23 °C, incubation for 30 min at 40 °C, and 30-min extraction at 40 °C by Carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (Car/PDMS) fiber. The method was validated in terms of linearity (R2=0.9912-0.9938), limits of detection (0.035 to 3.6 ng g-1), limits of quantification (0.12-12 ng g-1), recovery (84-97% with RSDs 1-11%), repeatability (RSDs 3-9%), and reproducibility (RSDs 7-11%). It has a number of major advantages over existing methods based on headspace solid-phase microextraction-lower detection limits, better accuracy and precision at similar or lower cost of sample preparation. The developed method was successfully applied for studying losses of analytes from open vials with model sand spiked with unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine transformation products. It can be recommended for analysis of trace concentrations of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine transformation products when studying their transformation, migration and distribution in contaminated sand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aray Zhakupbekova
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 96a Tole bi Street, office 101, 050012, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- UNESCO Chair for Sustainable Development, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nassiba Baimatova
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 96a Tole bi Street, office 101, 050012, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Elefteria Psillakis
- Laboratory of Aquatic Chemistry, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Bulat Kenessov
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 96a Tole bi Street, office 101, 050012, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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3
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Qin B, Wang X, Tang L, Wang S, Shi Y, Zhao L, Jiang H. Comparative study of headspace and headspace single drop microextraction combined with GC for the determination of methanol in wine. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Zheng J, Kirkpatrick CL, Lee D, Han X, Martinez AI, Gallagher K, Evans RK, Mudur SV, Liang X, Drake J, Buhler LA, Mowery MD. A Full Evaporation Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Method with Nitrogen Phosphorous Detection for Ultrasensitive Analysis of Semi-volatile Nitrosamines in Pharmaceutical Products. AAPS J 2022; 24:23. [PMID: 34993666 PMCID: PMC8817102 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent detection of potent carcinogenic nitrosamine impurities in several human medicines has triggered product recalls and interrupted the supply of critical medications for hundreds of millions of patients, illuminating the need for increased testing of nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products. However, the development of analytical methods for nitrosamine detection is challenging due to high sensitivity requirements, complex matrices, and the large number and variety of samples requiring testing. Herein, we report an analytical method for the analysis of a common nitrosamine, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), in pharmaceutical products using full evaporation static headspace gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorous detection (FE-SHSGC-NPD). This method is sensitive, specific, accurate, and precise and has the potential to serve as a universal method for testing all semi-volatile nitrosamines across different drug products. Through elimination of the detrimental headspace-liquid partition, a quantitation limit of 0.25 ppb is achieved for NDMA, a significant improvement upon traditional LC-MS methods. The extraction of nitrosamines directly from solid sample not only simplifies the sample preparation procedure but also enables the method to be used for different products as is or with minor modifications, as demonstrated by the analysis of NDMA in 10+ pharmaceutical products. The in situ nitrosation that is commonly observed in GC methods for nitrosamine analysis was completely inhibited by the addition of a small volume solvent containing pyrogallol, phosphoric acid, and isopropanol. Employing simple procedures and low-cost instrumentation, this method can be implemented in any analytical laboratory for routine nitrosamine analysis, ensuring patient safety and uninterrupted supply of critical medications. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjian Zheng
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA.
| | - Christine L Kirkpatrick
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Daniel Lee
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Xinxin Han
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Ana I Martinez
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Kimberly Gallagher
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Rebecca K Evans
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Sanjay V Mudur
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Xihui Liang
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Jennifer Drake
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Leah A Buhler
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Mark D Mowery
- Analytical Chemistry in Development and Supply, Merck Manufacturing Division, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
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5
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Cha J, Chin YW, Lee JY, Kim TW, Jang HW. Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Soju, a Korean Distilled Spirit, by SPME-Arrow-GC/MS. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101422. [PMID: 33050013 PMCID: PMC7601619 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The SPME Arrow technology—a novel solid phase micro-extraction technique—was used to analyze Soju, a traditional Korean distilled liquor, in barrels made of Quercus spp. The volatile compounds detected when the barrels were toasted were analyzed. Five types of sorbents—carbon wide range/polydimethylsiloxane, divinylbenzene/carbon wide range/polydimethylsiloxane, divinylbenzene/polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, and polyacrylate—were used for this investigation. Fifty-four volatile compounds were detected in Soju using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A high extraction efficiency was obtained using carbon wide range/polydimethylsiloxane. Nineteen samples were analyzed using barrels made of six species of carbonated oak (Q. aliena, Q. variabilis, Q. dentate, Q. acutissima, Q. mongolica, and Q. serrata) and control groups in three ways: noncharring, medium charring, and heavy charring. Ethanol, 1-propanol, isoamyl acetate, and isoamyl alcohol can be used as indicator volatile components for Soju and other such traditional Korean distilled liquors. We believe our study results can be used to design better analysis methods for Soju and other distilled liquors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tae-Wan Kim
- Correspondence: (T.-W.K.); (H.W.J.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9368 (T.-W.K.); +82-63-219-9377 (H.W.J.); Fax: +82-63-219-9076 (T.-W.K.); +82-63-219-9055 (H.W.J.)
| | - Hae Won Jang
- Correspondence: (T.-W.K.); (H.W.J.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9368 (T.-W.K.); +82-63-219-9377 (H.W.J.); Fax: +82-63-219-9076 (T.-W.K.); +82-63-219-9055 (H.W.J.)
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6
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Lee JB, Jeong YA, Ahn DJ, Bang IS. SPME-GC/MS Analysis of Methanol in Biospecimen by Derivatization with Pyran Compound. Molecules 2019; 25:E41. [PMID: 31877660 PMCID: PMC6983268 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanol is metabolized in the body to highly toxic formaldehyde and formate when consumed accidentally. Methanol has been typically analyzed with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). However, its retention time may overlap with other volatile compounds and lead to confusion. Alternative analysis of methanol using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) also has limitations due to its similar molecular weight with oxygen and low boiling point. In this study, methanol and internal standard of deuterium-substituted ethanol were derivatized with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran under acid catalysis using concentrated hydrochloric acid. The reaction products including 2-methoxytetrahydropyran were extracted with solid-phase microextraction followed by GC/MS analysis. This method was successfully applied to measure the lethal concentration of methanol in the blood of a victim with a standard addition method to overcome the complex matrix effect of the biospecimen. Identification of the metabolite formate by ion chromatography confirmed the death cause to be methanol poisoning. This new method was a much more convenient and reliable process to measure methanol in complex matrix samples by reducing sample pretreatment effort and cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Bae Lee
- Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Yong Ae Jeong
- Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Dae Jun Ahn
- Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Jeonnam 57248, Korea;
| | - Iel Soo Bang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chosun University School of Dentistry, Gwangju 61452, Korea
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7
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Peña J, Fernández Laespada ME, García Pinto C, Pérez Pavón JL, Moreno Cordero B. Multiple headspace sampling coupled to a programmed temperature vaporizer to improve sensitivity in headspace-gas chromatography. Determination of aldehydes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1133:121824. [PMID: 31731218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The improvement of sensitivity in headspace (HS) sampling of not very volatile analytes constitutes a challenge that has usually been approached through coupling with additional techniques. Here we propose a new methodology for increasing sensitivity through a multistep approach. This proof of concept is based on direct coupling of a headspace sampler with a programmed temperature vaporizer (PTV) and a gas chromatograph (GC), with mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Analytes are extracted from the same vial in a stepwise procedure, splitting the headspace generation time of conventional HS into four periods and using the PTV to cryogenically trap the analytes during the successive HS samplings. Solvent vent mode is mandatory in order to retain the analytes, purging the gas solvent at an adequate initial low temperature and flash-heating the PTV liner in a quick ramp (720 °C/min), once the HS samplings are finished. Linear aldehydes, from pentanal to decanal, possible biomarkers of several diseases have been selected as model compounds. This multiple HS method has been compared with conventional HS, and it has been validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection, repeatability, reproducibility and accuracy. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.004 to 0.159 µg/L. Enrichment factors (EF) in relation to the conventional HS method ranged from 3.0 to 6.7, except for pentanal (EF: 0.8), which is too volatile and polar to be trapped in the PTV with the multiple HS methodology. Similar enrichment factors were obtained in a urine sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Peña
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mª Esther Fernández Laespada
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Carmelo García Pinto
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Luis Pérez Pavón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Bernardo Moreno Cordero
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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8
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Ziegler M, Schmarr HG. Comparison of Solid-Phase Microextraction Using Classical Fibers Versus Mini-Arrows Applying Multiple Headspace Extraction and Various Agitation Techniques. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Simon JE, Decker EA, Ferruzzi MG, Giusti MM, Mejia CD, Goldschmidt M, Talcott ST. Establishing Standards on Colors from Natural Sources. J Food Sci 2017; 82:2539-2553. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James E. Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Dept. of Plant Biology; Rutgers Univ.; Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road New Brunswick NJ 08901 U.S.A
| | - Eric A. Decker
- Dept. of Food Science, 236 Chenoweth Laboratory; Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst; Amherst MA 01003 U.S.A
| | - Mario G. Ferruzzi
- North Carolina State Univ., Plants for Human Health Inst.; N.C. Research Campus; 600 Laureate Way Kannapolis N.C. 28081 U.S.A
| | - M. Monica Giusti
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; The Ohio State Univ.; 110 Parker Food Science and Technology Bldg. 2015 Fyffe Road Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
| | - Carla D. Mejia
- UN World Food Programme, L7, 7-02, Wave Place, 55 Wireless Road, Lumpini, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Formerly with United States Pharmacopeia / Food Chemical Codex; 12601 Twinbrook Parkway Rockville MD 20852 U.S.A
| | - Mark Goldschmidt
- Sensient Technologies Corp.; Director Quality and Product Safety; 777 E Wisconsin Ave Milwaukee WI 53202 U.S.A
| | - Stephen T. Talcott
- Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science; Texas A&M Univ.; 1500 Research Parkway A, 220F, College Station TX 77843 U.S.A
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10
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Kaykhaii M, Linford MR. Application of Microextraction Techniques Including SPME and MESI to the Thermal Degradation of Polymers: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2016; 47:172-186. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2016.1242062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Sghaier L, Vial J, Sassiat P, Thiebaut D, Watiez M, Breton S, Rutledge DN, Cordella CB. An overview of recent developments in volatile compounds analysis from edible oils: Technique-oriented perspectives. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Sghaier
- R&D Center; Lesieur; Coudekerque-Branche France
- Department of Analytical, Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization (LSABM), Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI) - ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 8231; PSL Research University; Paris Cedex 05 France
- UMR1145 GENIAL; AgroParisTech; Paris France
| | - Jérôme Vial
- Department of Analytical, Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization (LSABM), Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI) - ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 8231; PSL Research University; Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Patrick Sassiat
- Department of Analytical, Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization (LSABM), Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI) - ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 8231; PSL Research University; Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Didier Thiebaut
- Department of Analytical, Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization (LSABM), Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI) - ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 8231; PSL Research University; Paris Cedex 05 France
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Omar J, Olivares M, Alonso I, Vallejo A, Aizpurua-Olaizola O, Etxebarria N. Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Aromatic Plants by Means of Dynamic Headspace Extraction and Multiple Headspace Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J Food Sci 2016; 81:C867-73. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jone Omar
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology; Univ. of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); P.O. Box 644 Bilbao 48080 Basque Country Spain
| | - Maitane Olivares
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology; Univ. of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); P.O. Box 644 Bilbao 48080 Basque Country Spain
| | - Ibone Alonso
- IDOKI SFC, Technologic Park of Biscay; Ibaizabal Bidea. Building 502,4816 Derio Basque Country Spain
| | - Asier Vallejo
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology; Univ. of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); P.O. Box 644 Bilbao 48080 Basque Country Spain
| | - Oier Aizpurua-Olaizola
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology; Univ. of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); P.O. Box 644 Bilbao 48080 Basque Country Spain
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology; Univ. of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); P.O. Box 644 Bilbao 48080 Basque Country Spain
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13
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Rincón AA, Pino V, Ayala JH, Afonso AM. Multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction for quantifying volatile free fatty acids in cheeses. Talanta 2014; 129:183-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Zapata J, Lopez R, Herrero P, Ferreira V. Multiple automated headspace in-tube extraction for the accurate analysis of relevant wine aroma compounds and for the estimation of their relative liquid–gas transfer rates. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1266:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Jeleń HH, Majcher M, Dziadas M. Microextraction techniques in the analysis of food flavor compounds: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 738:13-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Alin J, Hakkarainen M. Migration from polycarbonate packaging to food simulants during microwave heating. Polym Degrad Stab 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Lei FF, Zhang XN, Gao YL, Han YH, Li XJ, Pan SY. Multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction using a new fiber for avoiding matrix interferences in the quantitative determination of ethyl carbamate in pickles. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1152-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Fen Lei
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Xue-Na Zhang
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Yuan-Li Gao
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Ya-Hong Han
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Xiu-Juan Li
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Si-Yi Pan
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
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Cobzac SC, Gocan S. CHROMATOGRAPHY: RECENT PROGRESS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.647193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cobzac SC, Gocan S. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY: RECENT PROGRESS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.588064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Codruta Cobzac
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Gocan
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Alin J, Hakkarainen M. Microwave heating causes rapid degradation of antioxidants in polypropylene packaging, leading to greatly increased specific migration to food simulants as shown by ESI-MS and GC-MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:5418-5427. [PMID: 21513311 DOI: 10.1021/jf1048639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Microwave heating of commercial microwavable polypropylene packaging in contact with fatty food simulants caused significant antioxidant degradation and increased specific migration as shown by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Degradation of the antioxidants Irgafos 168 and Irganox 1010 was not detected during conventional heating of polypropylene packaging at the same temperature. The migration into aqueous food simulants was primarily restricted by the water solubility of the migrants. Using isooctane as fatty food simulant caused significant swelling and greatly enhanced overall migration values compared to the other fatty food simulant, 99.9% ethanol, or the aqueous food simulants 10% ethanol, 3% acetic acid, or water. ESI-MS spectra clearly reflected the overall migration values, and the number and amount of compounds detected decreased as the hydrophilicity of the food simulant increased. ESI-MS was shown to be an excellent tool for the analysis of semivolatile migrants and a good complement to GC-MS analysis of volatile migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Alin
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
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Krylov VA, Krylov AV, Mosyagin PV, Matkivskaya YO. Liquid-phase microextraction preconcentration of impurities. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934811040101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Solventless sample preparation techniques based on solid- and vapour-phase extraction. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:277-300. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 09/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yu Y, Chen B, Shen C, Cai Y, Xie M, Zhou W, Chen Y, Li Y, Duan G. Multiple headspace single-drop microextraction coupled with gas chromatography for direct determination of residual solvents in solid drug product. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5158-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Novel techniques for enhancing sensitivity in static headspace extraction-gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2726-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hakkarainen M. Multiple headspace single-drop micro-extraction for quantitative determination of lactide in thermally-oxidized polylactide. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Poli D, Gagliano-Candela R, Strisciullo G, Colucci AP, Strada L, Laviola D, Goldoni M, Mutti A. Nitrous Oxide Determination in Postmortem Biological Samples: A Case of Serial Fatal Poisoning in a Public Hospital. J Forensic Sci 2010; 55:258-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01218.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pragst F. Application of solid-phase microextraction in analytical toxicology. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1393-414. [PMID: 17476482 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a miniaturized and solvent-free sample preparation technique for chromatographic-spectrometric analysis by which the analytes are extracted from a gaseous or liquid sample by absorption in, or adsorption on, a thin polymer coating fixed to the solid surface of a fiber, inside an injection needle or inside a capillary. In this paper, the present state of practical performance and of applications of SPME to the analysis of blood, urine, oral fluid and hair in clinical and forensic toxicology is reviewed. The commercial coatings for fibers or needles have not essentially changed for many years, but there are interesting laboratory developments, such as conductive polypyrrole coatings for electrochemically controlled SPME of anions or cations and coatings with restricted-access properties for direct extraction from whole blood or immunoaffinity SPME. In-tube SPME uses segments of commercial gas chromatography (GC) capillaries for highly efficient extraction by repeated aspiration-ejection cycles of the liquid sample. It can be easily automated in combination with liquid chromatography but, as it is very sensitive to capillary plugging, it requires completely homogeneous liquid samples. In contrast, fiber-based SPME has not yet been performed automatically in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography. The headspace extractions on fibers or needles (solid-phase dynamic extraction) combined with GC methods are the most advantageous versions of SPME because of very pure extracts and the availability of automatic samplers. Surprisingly, substances with quite high boiling points, such as tricyclic antidepressants or phenothiazines, can be measured by headspace SPME from aqueous samples. The applicability and sensitivity of SPME was essentially extended by in-sample or on-fiber derivatization. The different modes of SPME were applied to analysis of solvents and inhalation narcotics, amphetamines, cocaine and metabolites, cannabinoids, methadone and other opioids, fatty acid ethyl esters as alcohol markers, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, benzodiazepines, various other therapeutic drugs, pesticides, chemical warfare agents, cyanide, sulfide and metal ions. In general, SPME is routinely used in optimized methods for specific analytes. However, it was shown that it also has some capacity for a general screening by direct immersion into urine samples and for pesticides and other semivolatile substance in the headspace mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Pragst
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Charité, Hittorfstr. 18, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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