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Travassos R, Martins SA, Fernandes A, Correia JDG, Melo R. Tailored Viral-like Particles as Drivers of Medical Breakthroughs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6699. [PMID: 38928403 PMCID: PMC11204272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the recognized potential of nanoparticles, only a few formulations have progressed to clinical trials, and an even smaller number have been approved by the regulatory authorities and marketed. Virus-like particles (VLPs) have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional nanoparticles due to their safety, biocompatibility, immunogenicity, structural stability, scalability, and versatility. Furthermore, VLPs can be surface-functionalized with small molecules to improve circulation half-life and target specificity. Through the functionalization and coating of VLPs, it is possible to optimize the response properties to a given stimulus, such as heat, pH, an alternating magnetic field, or even enzymes. Surface functionalization can also modulate other properties, such as biocompatibility, stability, and specificity, deeming VLPs as potential vaccine candidates or delivery systems. This review aims to address the different types of surface functionalization of VLPs, highlighting the more recent cutting-edge technologies that have been explored for the design of tailored VLPs, their importance, and their consequent applicability in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Travassos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (R.T.); (S.A.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Sofia A. Martins
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (R.T.); (S.A.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Ana Fernandes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (R.T.); (S.A.M.); (A.F.)
| | - João D. G. Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (R.T.); (S.A.M.); (A.F.)
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Rita Melo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (R.T.); (S.A.M.); (A.F.)
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2
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Tatarūnas V, Čiapienė I, Giedraitienė A. Precise Therapy Using the Selective Endogenous Encapsidation for Cellular Delivery Vector System. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:292. [PMID: 38399346 PMCID: PMC10893373 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Interindividual variability in drug response is a major problem in the prescription of pharmacological treatments. The therapeutic effect of drugs can be influenced by human genes. Pharmacogenomic guidelines for individualization of treatment have been validated and used for conventional dosage forms. However, drugs can often target non-specific areas and produce both desired and undesired pharmacological effects. The use of nanoparticles, liposomes, or other available forms for drug formulation could help to overcome the latter problem. Virus-like particles based on retroviruses could be a potential envelope for safe and efficient drug formulations. Human endogenous retroviruses would make it possible to overcome the host immune response and deliver drugs to the desired target. PEG10 is a promising candidate that can bind to mRNA because it is secreted like an enveloped virus-like extracellular vesicle. PEG10 is a retrotransposon-derived gene that has been domesticated. Therefore, formulations with PEG10 may have a lower immunogenicity. The use of existing knowledge can lead to the development of suitable drug formulations for the precise treatment of individual diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vacis Tatarūnas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.T.); (I.Č.)
| | - Ieva Čiapienė
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.T.); (I.Č.)
| | - Agnė Giedraitienė
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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3
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Lorenzo E, Miranda L, Gòdia F, Cervera L. Downstream process design for Gag HIV-1 based virus-like particles. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2672-2684. [PMID: 37148527 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles-based vaccines have been gaining interest in recent years. The manufacturing of these particles includes their production by cell culture followed by their purification to meet the requirements of its final use. The presence of host cell extracellular vesicles represents a challenge for better virus-like particles purification, because both share similar characteristics which hinders their separation. The present study aims to compare some of the most used downstream processing technologies for capture and purification of virus-like particles. Four steps of the purification process were studied, including a clarification step by depth filtration and filtration, an intermediate step by tangential flow filtration or multimodal chromatography, a capture step by ion exchange, heparin affinity and hydrophobic interaction chromatography and finally, a polishing step by size exclusion chromatography. In each step, the yields were evaluated by percentage of recovery of the particles of interest, purity, and elimination of main contaminants. Finally, a complete purification train was implemented using the best results obtained in each step. A final concentration of 1.40 × 1010 virus-like particles (VLPs)/mL with a purity of 64% after the polishing step was achieved, with host cell DNA and protein levels complaining with regulatory standards, and an overall recovery of 38%. This work has resulted in the development of a purification process for HIV-1 Gag-eGFP virus-like particles suitable for scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elianet Lorenzo
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laia Miranda
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- University College London, London, UK
| | - Francesc Gòdia
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura Cervera
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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4
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Mellid-Carballal R, Gutierrez-Gutierrez S, Rivas C, Garcia-Fuentes M. Viral protein nanoparticles (Part 1): Pharmaceutical characteristics. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 187:106460. [PMID: 37156338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Viral protein nanoparticles fill the gap between viruses and synthetic nanoparticles. Combining advantageous properties of both systems, they have revolutionized pharmaceutical research. Virus-like particles are characterized by a structure identical to viruses but lacking genetic material. Another type of viral protein nanoparticles, virosomes, are similar to liposomes but include viral spike proteins. Both systems are effective and safe vaccine candidates capable of overcoming the disadvantages of both traditional and subunit vaccines. Besides, their particulate structure, biocompatibility, and biodegradability make them good candidates as vectors for drug and gene delivery, and for diagnostic applications. In this review, we analyze viral protein nanoparticles from a pharmaceutical perspective and examine current research focused on their development process, from production to administration. Advances in synthesis, modification and formulation of viral protein nanoparticles are critical so that large-scale production of viral protein nanoparticle products becomes viable and affordable, which ultimately will increase their market penetration in the future. We will discuss their expression systems, modification strategies, formulation, biopharmaceutical properties, and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Mellid-Carballal
- CiMUS Research Center, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sara Gutierrez-Gutierrez
- CiMUS Research Center, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Rivas
- CiMUS Research Center, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- CiMUS Research Center, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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5
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Hillebrandt N, Hubbuch J. Size-selective downstream processing of virus particles and non-enveloped virus-like particles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1192050. [PMID: 37304136 PMCID: PMC10248422 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1192050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-enveloped virus-like particles (VLPs) are versatile protein nanoparticles with great potential for biopharmaceutical applications. However, conventional protein downstream processing (DSP) and platform processes are often not easily applicable due to the large size of VLPs and virus particles (VPs) in general. The application of size-selective separation techniques offers to exploit the size difference between VPs and common host-cell impurities. Moreover, size-selective separation techniques offer the potential for wide applicability across different VPs. In this work, basic principles and applications of size-selective separation techniques are reviewed to highlight their potential in DSP of VPs. Finally, specific DSP steps for non-enveloped VLPs and their subunits are reviewed as well as the potential applications and benefits of size-selective separation techniques are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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6
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González-Davis O, Villagrana-Escareño MV, Trujillo MA, Gama P, Chauhan K, Vazquez-Duhalt R. Virus-like nanoparticles as enzyme carriers for Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT). Virology 2023; 580:73-87. [PMID: 36791560 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been used to treat a few of the many existing diseases which are originated from the lack of, or low enzymatic activity. Exogenous enzymes are administered to contend with the enzymatic activity deficiency. Enzymatic nanoreactors based on the enzyme encapsulation inside of virus-like particles (VLPs) appear as an interesting alternative for ERT. VLPs are excellent delivery vehicles for therapeutic enzymes as they are biodegradable, uniformly organized, and porous nanostructures that transport and could protect the biocatalyst from the external environment without much affecting the bioactivity. Consequently, significant efforts have been made in the production processes of virus-based enzymatic nanoreactors and their functionalization, which are critically reviewed. The use of virus-based enzymatic nanoreactors for the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases such as Gaucher, Fabry, and Pompe diseases, as well as potential therapies for galactosemia, and Hurler and Hunter syndromes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar González-Davis
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, Mexico
| | - Maria V Villagrana-Escareño
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, Mexico
| | - Mario A Trujillo
- School of Medicine, Universidad Xochicalco, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Pedro Gama
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, Mexico
| | - Kanchan Chauhan
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, Mexico
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, Mexico.
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7
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Abdelgalil RM, Elmorshedy YM, Elkhodairy KA, Teleb M, Bekhit AA, Khattab SN, Elzoghby AO. Engineered nanomedicines for augmenting the efficacy of colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1721-1745. [PMID: 36621872 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide. Immunotherapeutic agents for CRC treatment have shown limited efficacy due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this context, various types of nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to reverse the immunosuppressive TME, potentiate the effect of immunotherapeutic agents and reduce their systemic side effects. Many advantages could be offered by NPs, related to drug-loading efficiency, particle size and others that can potentially aid the delivery of immunotherapeutic agents. The recent research on how nano-based immunotherapy can remodel the immunosuppressive TME of CRC and hence boost the antitumor immune response, as well as the challenges that face clinical translation of NPs and future perspectives, are summarized in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham M Abdelgalil
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yomna M Elmorshedy
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Kadria A Elkhodairy
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Adnan A Bekhit
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health & Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, 32038, Riffa, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Sherine N Khattab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O Elzoghby
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.,Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA 02115, Boston, USA
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8
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9
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Hillebrandt N, Vormittag P, Dietrich A, Hubbuch J. Process Monitoring Framework for Cross‐flow Diafiltration‐based Virus‐like Particle Disassembly: Tracing Product Properties and Filtration Performance. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:1522-1538. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.28063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Hillebrandt
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Baden‐Württemberg Germany
| | - Philipp Vormittag
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Baden‐Württemberg Germany
| | - Annabelle Dietrich
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Baden‐Württemberg Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Baden‐Württemberg Germany
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10
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A Combined Ultrafiltration/Diafiltration Process for the Purification of Oncolytic Measles Virus. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020105. [PMID: 35207027 PMCID: PMC8880582 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Measles virus (MV) is an important representative of a new class of cancer therapeutics known as oncolytic viruses. However, process intensification for the downstream purification of this fragile product is challenging. We previously found that a mid-range molecular weight cut-off (300 kDa) is optimal for the concentration of MV. Here, we tested continuous and discontinuous diafiltration for the purification of MV prepared in two different media to determine the influence of high and low protein loads. We found that a concentration step before diafiltration improved process economy and MV yield when using either serum-containing or serum-free medium. We also found that discontinuous diafiltration conferred a slight benefit in terms of the permeate flow, reflecting the repetitive dilution steps and the ability to break down parts of the fouling layer on the membrane. In summary, the combined ultrafiltration/diafiltration process is suitable for the purification of MV, resulting in the recovery of ~50% infectious virus particles with a total concentration factor of 8 when using 5 diavolumes of buffer.
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11
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González-Félix MA, Mejía-Manzano LA, González-Valdez J. Biological nanoparticles: Relevance as novel target drug delivery systems and leading chromatographic isolation approaches. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:109-118. [PMID: 34791693 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century, and it is now presenting an enormous impact on target drug delivery. In this context, the recent use of natural vesicle-like nanoparticles such as extracellular vesicles (i.e., exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies) and virus-like particles is rendering encouraging results mostly because these delivery systems present cargo versatility, favorable body circulating advantages, biocompatibility, immunogenicity, and the capacity to be modified superficially to increase their affinity to a certain target or to control their entrance to the cell. However, some of the biggest challenges toward their clinical implementation are poorly standardized processing operations due to their inherent heterogeneity and expensive, long-lasting, and difficult to scale isolation procedures that can also affect the stability of the particles. Under these circumstances, chromatographic procedures represent an attractive and favorable alternative to overcome their downstream processing. Moreover, even when standardized chromatographic purification protocols are still in development, great achievements have been made using size exclusion, ionic exchange, hydrophobic interaction, and affinity protocols, mostly because of the correct harnessing of the nanovesicle membrane properties. In this sense, this review focuses on presenting the current understanding on the most promising therapeutic biological nanoparticles and the chromatographic isolation approaches employed in their recovery, providing at the same time recent findings and a general overview of the aspects that might impact the outcome of chromatographic techniques for this application.
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12
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Verdecia M, Kokai-Kun JF, Kibbey M, Acharya S, Venema J, Atouf F. COVID-19 vaccine platforms: Delivering on a promise? Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:2873-2893. [PMID: 34033528 PMCID: PMC8381795 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1911204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has brought into sharp focus the need for a vaccine to prevent this disease. Vaccines have saved millions of lives since their introduction to the public over 200 years ago. The potential for vaccination reached new heights in the mid-20th century with the development of technologies that expanded the ability to create novel vaccines. Since then, there has been continued technological advancement in vaccine development. The resulting platforms provide the promise for solutions for many infectious diseases, including those that have been with us for decades as well as those just now emerging. Each vaccine platform represents a different technology with a unique set of advantages and challenges, especially when considering manufacturing. Therefore, it is essential to understand each platform as a separate product and process with its specific quality considerations. This review outlines the relevant platforms for developing a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Verdecia
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Maura Kibbey
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sarita Acharya
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jaap Venema
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Fouad Atouf
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
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13
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Hamidi A, Hoeksema F, Velthof P, Lemckert A, Gillissen G, Luitjens A, Bines JE, Pullagurla SR, Kumar P, Volkin DB, Joshi SB, Havenga M, Bakker WAM, Yallop C. Developing a manufacturing process to deliver a cost effective and stable liquid human rotavirus vaccine. Vaccine 2021; 39:2048-2059. [PMID: 33744044 PMCID: PMC8062787 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite solid evidence of the success of rotavirus vaccines in saving children from fatal gastroenteritis, more than 82 million infants worldwide still lack access to a rotavirus vaccine. The main barriers to global rotavirus vaccine coverage include cost, manufacturing capacity and suboptimal efficacy in low- and lower-middle income countries. One vaccine candidate with the potential to address the latter is based on the novel, naturally attenuated RV3 strain of rotavirus, RV3-BB vaccine administered in a birth dose strategy had a vaccine efficacy against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis of 94% at 12 months of age in infants in Indonesia. To further develop this vaccine candidate, a well-documented and low-cost manufacturing process is required. A target fully loaded cost of goods (COGs) of ≤$3.50 per course of three doses was set based on predicted market requirements. COGs modelling was leveraged to develop a process using Vero cells in cell factories reaching high titers, reducing or replacing expensive reagents and shortening process time to maximise output. Stable candidate liquid formulations were developed allowing two-year storage at 2-8 °C. In addition, the formulation potentially renders needless the pretreatment of vaccinees with antacid to ensure adequate gastric acid neutralization for routine oral vaccination. As a result, the formulation allows small volume dosing and reduction of supply chain costs. A dose ranging study is currently underway in Malawi that will inform the final clinical dose required. At a clinical dose of ≤6.3 log10 FFU, the COGs target of ≤$3.50 per three dose course was met. At a clinical dose of 6.5 log10 FFU, the final manufacturing process resulted in a COGs that is substantially lower than the current average market price, 2.44 USD per dose. The manufacturing and formulation processes were transferred to BioFarma in Indonesia to enable future RV3-BB vaccine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahd Hamidi
- Batavia Biosciences BV, Zernikedreef 16, 2333CL Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Femke Hoeksema
- Batavia Biosciences BV, Zernikedreef 16, 2333CL Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pim Velthof
- Batavia Biosciences BV, Zernikedreef 16, 2333CL Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gert Gillissen
- Batavia Biosciences BV, Zernikedreef 16, 2333CL Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alfred Luitjens
- Batavia Biosciences BV, Zernikedreef 16, 2333CL Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Julie E Bines
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Swathi R Pullagurla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Sangeeta B Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Menzo Havenga
- Batavia Biosciences BV, Zernikedreef 16, 2333CL Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Christopher Yallop
- Batavia Biosciences BV, Zernikedreef 16, 2333CL Leiden, the Netherlands.
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14
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Nooraei S, Bahrulolum H, Hoseini ZS, Katalani C, Hajizade A, Easton AJ, Ahmadian G. Virus-like particles: preparation, immunogenicity and their roles as nanovaccines and drug nanocarriers. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:59. [PMID: 33632278 PMCID: PMC7905985 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are virus-derived structures made up of one or more different molecules with the ability to self-assemble, mimicking the form and size of a virus particle but lacking the genetic material so they are not capable of infecting the host cell. Expression and self-assembly of the viral structural proteins can take place in various living or cell-free expression systems after which the viral structures can be assembled and reconstructed. VLPs are gaining in popularity in the field of preventive medicine and to date, a wide range of VLP-based candidate vaccines have been developed for immunization against various infectious agents, the latest of which is the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the efficacy of which is being evaluated. VLPs are highly immunogenic and are able to elicit both the antibody- and cell-mediated immune responses by pathways different from those elicited by conventional inactivated viral vaccines. However, there are still many challenges to this surface display system that need to be addressed in the future. VLPs that are classified as subunit vaccines are subdivided into enveloped and non- enveloped subtypes both of which are discussed in this review article. VLPs have also recently received attention for their successful applications in targeted drug delivery and for use in gene therapy. The development of more effective and targeted forms of VLP by modification of the surface of the particles in such a way that they can be introduced into specific cells or tissues or increase their half-life in the host is likely to expand their use in the future. Recent advances in the production and fabrication of VLPs including the exploration of different types of expression systems for their development, as well as their applications as vaccines in the prevention of infectious diseases and cancers resulting from their interaction with, and mechanism of activation of, the humoral and cellular immune systems are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghi Nooraei
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. BOX: 14155-6343, Tehran, 1497716316, Iran
| | - Howra Bahrulolum
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. BOX: 14155-6343, Tehran, 1497716316, Iran
| | - Zakieh Sadat Hoseini
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. BOX: 14155-6343, Tehran, 1497716316, Iran
| | - Camellia Katalani
- Sari Agriculture Science and Natural Resource University (SANRU), Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajizade
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andrew J Easton
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
| | - Gholamreza Ahmadian
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. BOX: 14155-6343, Tehran, 1497716316, Iran.
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15
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Lasareishvili B, Shi H, Wang X, Hillstead KD, Tediashvili M, Jaiani E, Tarabara VV. Virus recovery by tangential flow filtration: A model to guide the design of a sample concentration process. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 37:e3080. [PMID: 32985140 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple model is developed to describe the instantaneous (rv ) and cumulative (Rv ) recovery of viruses from water during sample concentration by tangential flow filtration in the regime of constant water recovery, r. A figure of merit, M = rv r, is proposed as an aggregate performance metric that captures both the efficiency of virus recovery and the speed of sample concentration. We derive an expression for virus concentration in the sample as a function of filtration time with the rate-normalized virus loss, η = 1 - r v r , as a parameter. A practically relevant case is considered when the rate of virus loss is proportional to the permeation-driven mass flux of viruses to the membrane: d m ad dt ∼ Q p C f ≫ Q p C p . In this scenario, the instantaneous recovery is constant, the cumulative recovery is decreasing as a power function of time, R v = 1 - Q p V 0 t η , η mediates the trade-off between r and rv , and M is maximized at r = r opt = 1 2 η . The proposed model can guide the design of the sample concentration process and serve as a framework for quantification and interlaboratory comparison of experimental data on virus recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besarion Lasareishvili
- School of Engineering and Technologies, Agricultural University of Georgia, Kakha Bendukidze University Campus, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Xunhao Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Kyle D Hillstead
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Marina Tediashvili
- Giorgi Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ekaterine Jaiani
- Giorgi Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Volodymyr V Tarabara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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16
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Lothert K, Pagallies F, Eilts F, Sivanesapillai A, Hardt M, Moebus A, Feger T, Amann R, Wolff MW. A scalable downstream process for the purification of the cell culture-derived Orf virus for human or veterinary applications. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:221-230. [PMID: 32860824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The large demand for safe and efficient viral vector-based vaccines and gene therapies against both inherited and acquired diseases accelerates the development of viral vectors. One outstanding example, the Orf virus, has a wide range of applications, a superior efficacy and an excellent safety profile combined with a reduced pathogenicity compared to other viral vectors. However, besides these favorable attributes, an efficient and scalable downstream process still needs to be developed. Recently, we screened potential chromatographic stationary phases for Orf virus purification. Based on these previous accomplishments, we developed a complete downstream process for the cell culture-derived Orf virus. The described process comprises a membrane-based clarification step, a nuclease treatment, steric exclusion chromatography, and a secondary chromatographic purification step using Capto® Core 700 resin. The applicability of this process to a variety of diverse Orf virus vectors was shown, testing two different genotypes. These studies render the possibility to apply the developed downstream scheme for both genotypes, and lead to overall virus yields of about 64 %, with step recoveries of >70 % for the clarification, and >90 % for the chromatography train. Protein concentrations of the final product are below the detection limits, and the final DNA concentration of about 1 ng per 1E + 06 infective virus units resembles a total DNA depletion of 96-98 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keven Lothert
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Giessen, Germany
| | - Felix Pagallies
- Department of Immunology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Friederike Eilts
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Giessen, Germany
| | - Arabi Sivanesapillai
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Hardt
- Imaging Unit, Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna Moebus
- Imaging Unit, Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Feger
- Department of Immunology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Amann
- Department of Immunology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michael W Wolff
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Giessen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Giessen, Germany.
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17
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Junter GA, Lebrun L. Polysaccharide-based chromatographic adsorbents for virus purification and viral clearance. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:291-312. [PMID: 32292625 PMCID: PMC7104128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses still pose a significant threat to human and animal health worldwide. In the fight against viral infections, high-purity viral stocks are needed for manufacture of safer vaccines. It is also a priority to ensure the viral safety of biopharmaceuticals such as blood products. Chromatography techniques are widely implemented at both academic and industrial levels in the purification of viral particles, whole viruses and virus-like particles to remove viral contaminants from biopharmaceutical products. This paper focuses on polysaccharide adsorbents, particulate resins and membrane adsorbers, used in virus purification/removal chromatography processes. Different chromatographic modes are surveyed, with particular attention to ion exchange and affinity/pseudo-affinity adsorbents among which commercially available agarose-based resins (Sepharose®) and cellulose-based membrane adsorbers (Sartobind®) occupy a dominant position. Mainly built on the development of new ligands coupled to conventional agarose/cellulose matrices, the development perspectives of polysaccharide-based chromatography media in this antiviral area are stressed in the conclusive part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy-Alain Junter
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Laurent Lebrun
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 76000, Rouen, France
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18
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Masuda A, Lee JM, Miyata T, Sato T, Hayashi S, Hino M, Morokuma D, Karasaki N, Mon H, Kusakabe T. Purification and characterization of immunogenic recombinant virus-like particles of porcine circovirus type 2 expressed in silkworm pupae. J Gen Virol 2019; 99:917-926. [PMID: 29851377 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a primary causative agent of postweaningmultisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which has a significant economic impact on the swine industry. The capsid protein (Cap) encoded by ORF2 of the viral genome has been used effectively as a vaccine against PCV2 infection. The Cap protein can spontaneously assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs) that are safe and highly immunogenic for vaccine applications. Several expression systems, including bacteria, yeast and insect cells, have been utilized to produce PCV2 VLPs. However, in some cases, the recombinant Cap (rCap) proteins produced in bacteria and yeast do not assemble spontaneously. In this study, we expressed rCap protein using a silkworm-baculovirus expression vector system (silkworm-BEVS) for mass production of PCV2 VLPs and established a simple three-step protocol for its purification from pupae: extraction by detergent, ammonium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange column chromatography. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation showed that purified rCap proteins formed VLPs with a similar morphology to that of the original virus. Furthermore, the VLPs produced in silkworms were capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies against PCV2 in mice. Our results demonstrated that the silkworm system is a powerful tool for the production of PCV2 VLPs and will be useful for the development of a reliable and cost-effective PCV2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitsu Masuda
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sato
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Shizuka Hayashi
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Masato Hino
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Daisuke Morokuma
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Noriko Karasaki
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mon
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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19
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Loewe D, Grein TA, Dieken H, Weidner T, Salzig D, Czermak P. Tangential Flow Filtration for the Concentration of Oncolytic Measles Virus: The Influence of Filter Properties and the Cell Culture Medium. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9120160. [PMID: 31795406 PMCID: PMC6950090 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9120160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic use of oncolytic measles virus (MV) for cancer treatment requires >108 infectious MV particles per dose in a highly pure form. The concentration/purification of viruses is typically achieved by tangential flow filtration (TFF) but the efficiency of this process for the preparation of MV has not been tested in detail. We therefore investigated the influence of membrane material, feed composition, and pore size or molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) on the recovery of MV by TFF in concentration mode. We achieved the recovery of infectious MV particles using membranes with a MWCO ≤ 300 kDa regardless of the membrane material and whether or not serum was present in the feed. However, serum proteins in the medium affected membrane flux and promoted fouling. The severity of fouling was dependent on the membrane material, with the cellulose-based membrane showing the lowest susceptibility. We found that impurities such as proteins and host cell DNA were best depleted using membranes with a MWCO ≥ 300 kDa. We conclude that TFF in concentration mode is a robust unit operation to concentrate infectious MV particles while depleting impurities such as non-infectious MV particles, proteins, and host cell DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Loewe
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (D.L.); (T.A.G.); (H.D.); (T.W.); (D.S.)
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Tanja A. Grein
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (D.L.); (T.A.G.); (H.D.); (T.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Hauke Dieken
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (D.L.); (T.A.G.); (H.D.); (T.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (D.L.); (T.A.G.); (H.D.); (T.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Denise Salzig
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (D.L.); (T.A.G.); (H.D.); (T.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (D.L.); (T.A.G.); (H.D.); (T.W.); (D.S.)
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Project Group Bioresources, Winchesterstr. 3, 35394 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-309-2551
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20
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Moleirinho MG, Silva RJS, Alves PM, Carrondo MJT, Peixoto C. Current challenges in biotherapeutic particles manufacturing. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 20:451-465. [PMID: 31773998 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1693541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The development of novel complex biotherapeutics led to new challenges in biopharmaceutical industry. The potential of these particles has been demonstrated by the approval of several products, in the different fields of gene therapy, oncolytic therapy, and tumor vaccines. However, their manufacturing still presents challenges related to the high dosages and purity required.Areas covered: The main challenges that biopharmaceutical industry faces today and the most recent developments in the manufacturing of different biotherapeutic particles are reported here. Several unit operations and downstream trains to purify virus, virus-like particles and extracellular vesicles are described. Innovations on the different purification steps are also highlighted with an eye on the implementation of continuous and integrated processes.Expert opinion: Manufacturing platforms that consist of a low number of unit operations, with higher-yielding processes and reduced costs will be highly appreciated by the industry. The pipeline of complex therapeutic particles is expanding and there is a clear need for advanced tools and manufacturing capacity. The use of single-use technologies, as well as continuous integrated operations, are gaining ground in the biopharmaceutical industry and should be supported by more accurate and faster analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda G Moleirinho
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado, Oeiras, Portugal.,ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J S Silva
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula M Alves
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado, Oeiras, Portugal.,ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Manuel J T Carrondo
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Peixoto
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado, Oeiras, Portugal.,ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Oeiras, Portugal
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21
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Carvalho SB, Silva RJ, Moreira AS, Cunha B, Clemente JJ, Alves PM, Carrondo MJ, Xenopoulos A, Peixoto C. Efficient filtration strategies for the clarification of influenza virus-like particles derived from insect cells. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Bleckmann M, Schürig M, Endres M, Samuels A, Gebauer D, Konisch N, van den Heuvel J. Identifying parameters to improve the reproducibility of transient gene expression in High Five cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217878. [PMID: 31170233 PMCID: PMC6553862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-free, transient gene expression (TGE) in High Five cells was recently presented as an efficient protein production method. However, published TGE protocols have not been standardized to a general protocol. Therefore, reproducibility and implementation of the method in other labs remains difficult. The aim of this study is to analyse the parameters determining the reproducibility of the TGE in insect cells. Here, we identified that using linear 40 kDa PEI instead of 25 kDa PEI was one of the most important aspects to improve TGE. Furthermore, DNA amount, DNA:PEI ratio, growth phase of the cells before transfection, passage number, the origin of the High-Five cell isolates and the type of cultivation medium were considered. Interestingly, a correlation of the passage number to the DNA content of single cells (ploidy) and to the transfection efficacy could be shown. The optimal conditions for critical parameters were used to establish a robust TGE method. Finally, we compared the achieved product yields in High Five cells using our improved TGE method with both the baculoviral expression system and TGE in the mammalian HEK293-6E cell line. In conclusion, the presented robust TGE protocol in High Five cells is easy to establish and produces ample amounts of high-quality recombinant protein, bridging the gap in expression level of this method to the well-established mammalian TGE in HEK293 cells as well as to the baculoviral expression vector system (BEVS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Bleckmann
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression Facility, Rudolf Virchow Centre, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Margitta Schürig
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Michelle Endres
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression Facility, Rudolf Virchow Centre, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Anke Samuels
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Daniela Gebauer
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Nadine Konisch
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Joop van den Heuvel
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
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23
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Rüdt M, Vormittag P, Hillebrandt N, Hubbuch J. Process monitoring of virus-like particle reassembly by diafiltration with UV/Vis spectroscopy and light scattering. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1366-1379. [PMID: 30684365 PMCID: PMC6593973 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) have shown great potential as biopharmaceuticals in the market and in clinics. Nonenveloped, in vivo assembled VLPs are typically disassembled and reassembled in vitro to improve particle stability, homogeneity, and immunogenicity. At the industrial scale, cross-flow filtration (CFF) is the method of choice for performing reassembly by diafiltration. Here, we developed an experimental CFF setup with an on-line measurement loop for the implementation of process analytical technology (PAT). The measurement loop included an ultraviolet and visible (UV/Vis) spectrometer as well as a light scattering photometer. These sensors allowed for monitoring protein concentration, protein tertiary structure, and protein quaternary structure. The experimental setup was tested with three Hepatitis B core Antigen (HBcAg) variants. With each variant, three reassembly processes were performed at different transmembrane pressures (TMPs). While light scattering provided information on the assembly progress, UV/Vis allowed for monitoring the protein concentration and the rate of VLP assembly based on the microenvironment of Tyrosine-132. VLP formation was verified by off-line dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the experimental results provided evidence of aggregate-related assembly inhibition and showed that off-line size-exclusion chromatography does not provide a complete picture of the particle content. Finally, a Partial-Least Squares (PLS) model was calibrated to predict VLP concentrations in the process solution. Q 2 values of 0.947-0.984 were reached for the three HBcAg variants. In summary, the proposed experimental setup provides a powerful platform for developing and monitoring VLP reassembly steps by CFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rüdt
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation EngineeringKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)KarlsruheGermany
| | - Philipp Vormittag
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation EngineeringKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)KarlsruheGermany
| | - Nils Hillebrandt
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation EngineeringKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)KarlsruheGermany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation EngineeringKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)KarlsruheGermany
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24
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Reiter K, Aguilar PP, Wetter V, Steppert P, Tover A, Jungbauer A. Separation of virus-like particles and extracellular vesicles by flow-through and heparin affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1588:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Hasan T, Kumari K, Devi SC, Handa J, Rehman T, Ansari NA, Singh LR. Osmolytes in vaccine production, flocculation and storage: a critical review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 15:514-525. [PMID: 30273503 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1526585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecule osmolytes, responsible for protecting stresses have long been known to rescue proteins and enzymes from loss of function. In addition to protecting macromolecules integrity, many osmolytes also act as potential antioxidant and also help to prevent protein aggregation, amyloid formation or misfolding, and therefore are considered promising molecules for neurodegenerative and many other genetic diseases. Osmolytes are also known to be involved in the regulation of several key immunological processes. In the present review we discuss in detail the effect of these compounds on important aspects of vaccines i.e., increasing the efficiency, production and purification steps. The present review therefore will help researchers to make a better strategy in vaccine production to formulation by incorporating specific and appropriate osmolytes in the processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauheed Hasan
- a Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | - Kritika Kumari
- a Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | | | - Jaya Handa
- a Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | - Tabish Rehman
- a Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | - Nasim Akhtar Ansari
- a Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
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Donaldson B, Lateef Z, Walker GF, Young SL, Ward VK. Virus-like particle vaccines: immunology and formulation for clinical translation. Expert Rev Vaccines 2018; 17:833-849. [PMID: 30173619 PMCID: PMC7103734 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1516552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines face significant challenges in their translation from laboratory models, to routine clinical administration. While some VLP vaccines thrive and are readily adopted into the vaccination schedule, others are restrained by regulatory obstacles, proprietary limitations, or finding their niche amongst the crowded vaccine market. Often the necessity to supplant an existing vaccination regimen possesses an immediate obstacle for the development of a VLP vaccine, despite any preclinical advantages identified over the competition. Novelty, adaptability and formulation compatibility may prove invaluable in helping place VLP vaccines at the forefront of vaccination technology. AREAS COVERED The purpose of this review is to outline the diversity of VLP vaccines, VLP-specific immune responses, and to explore how modern formulation and delivery techniques can enhance the clinical relevance and overall success of VLP vaccines. EXPERT COMMENTARY The role of formation science, with an emphasis on the diversity of immune responses induced by VLP, is underrepresented amongst clinical trials for VLP vaccines. Harnessing such diversity, particularly through the use of combinations of select excipients and adjuvants, will be paramount in the development of VLP vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braeden Donaldson
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand.,b Department of Pathology , Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Zabeen Lateef
- c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Greg F Walker
- d School of Pharmacy , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Sarah L Young
- b Department of Pathology , Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Vernon K Ward
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
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27
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Rota RP, Palacios CA, Temprana CF, Argüelles MH, Mandile MG, Mattion N, Laimbacher AS, Fraefel C, Castello AA, Glikmann G. Evaluation of the immunogenicity of a recombinant HSV-1 vector expressing human group C rotavirus VP6 protein. J Virol Methods 2018; 256:24-31. [PMID: 29496429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Group C Rotavirus (RVC) has been associated globally with sporadic outbreaks of gastroenteritis in children and adults. RVC also infects animals, and interspecies transmission has been reported as well as its zoonotic potential. Considering its genetic diversity and the absence of effective vaccines, it is important and necessary to develop new generation vaccines against RVC for both humans and animals. The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize an HSV-1-based amplicon vector expressing a human RVC-VP6 protein and evaluate the humoral immune response induced after immunizing BALB/c mice. Local fecal samples positive for RVC were used for isolation and sequencing of the vp6 gene, which phylogenetically belongs to the I2 genotype. We show here that cells infected with the HSV[VP6C] amplicon vector efficiently express the VP6 protein, and induced specific anti-RVC antibodies in mice immunized with HSV[VP6C], in a prime-boost schedule. This work highlights that amplicon vectors are an attractive platform for the generation of safe genetic immunogens against RVC, without the addition of external adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana P Rota
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Palacios
- Centro de Virología Animal (CEVAN), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Facundo Temprana
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo H Argüelles
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo G Mandile
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora Mattion
- Centro de Virología Animal (CEVAN), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Laimbacher
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornell Fraefel
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alejandro A Castello
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Glikmann
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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28
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Wang N, Zhang Y, Lei X, Yu W, Zhan Y, Wang D, Zhang J, Wang A, Xiao L, Jiang P, Yang Y. Optimized conditions for preserving stability and integrity of porcine circovirus type2 virus-like particles during long-term storage. J Virol Methods 2017; 243:146-150. [PMID: 28131868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) virus-like particles (VLPs) have been successfully harvested from various protein expression systems, conditions to promote their stability and integrity during long-term storage have not been well defined since only the intact VLPs, instead of the monomeric capsid protein (Cap), can induce neutralizing antibodies in pigs in previous studies. In this study, freshly prepared PCV2 VLPs were stored in several media (various concentrations of NaCl, sorbitol, sucrose and trehalose) at three temperatures (4°C, -20°C and -80°C) and their stability and integration were evaluated after 7 month. Addition of 15% trehalose in storage buffer promoted long-term preservation of PCV2 VLPs. In contrast, storage buffer with 5% osmolytes (sucrose, trehalose and sorbitol) did not confer stabilization for long-term storage. These refined storage conditions for stabilization of PCV2 VLPs should enhance their use in vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naidong Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xinnuo Lei
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wanting Yu
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yang Zhan
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Aibing Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lehui Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP) and Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Steppert P, Burgstaller D, Klausberger M, Tover A, Berger E, Jungbauer A. Quantification and characterization of virus-like particles by size-exclusion chromatography and nanoparticle tracking analysis. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1487:89-99. [PMID: 28110946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The rapid quantification of enveloped virus-like particles (VLPs) requires orthogonal methods to obtain reliable results. Three methods-nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), size-exclusion HPLC (SE-HPLC) with UV detection, and detection with multi-angle light scattering (MALS)-for quantification of enveloped VLPs have been compared, and the lower and upper limits of detection and quantification have been evaluated. NTA directly counts the enveloped VLPs, and a particle number is obtained with a lower limit of detection (LLOD) of 1.7×107part/mL and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 3.4×108part/mL. SE-HPLC with UV detection was calibrated with standards characterized by NTA, and a LLOD of 6.9×109part/mL and LLOQ of 2.1×1010part/mL were found. SE-HPLC with MALS does not require a pre-calibrated sample because with a spherical model based on the Rayleigh-Gans-Debye approximation, the particle concentration can be directly deduced from the scattered light. A LLOD of 4.8×108part/mL and LLOQ of 2.1×109part/mL were measured and substantially lower compared to the UV method. The absolute particle concentration measured by SE-HPLC-MALS is one order of magnitude lower compared to measurement by NTA, which is explained by the wide size distribution of an enveloped VLP suspension. The model used for evaluation of light scattering data assumes monodisperse, homogeneous, and spherical particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Steppert
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Burgstaller
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam Klausberger
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria; ACIB GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
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Abstract
Although viruses are simple biological systems, they are capable of evolving highly efficient techniques for infecting cells, expressing their genomes, and generating new copies of themselves. It is possible to genetically manipulate most of the different classes of known viruses in order to produce recombinant viruses that express foreign proteins. Recombinant viruses have been used in gene therapy to deliver selected genes into higher organisms, in vaccinology and immunotherapy, and as important research tools to study the structure and function of these proteins. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are multiprotein structures that mimic the organization and conformation of authentic native viruses but lack the viral genome. They have been applied not only as prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines but also as vehicles in drug and gene delivery and, more recently, as tools in nanobiotechnology. In this chapter, basic and advanced features of viruses and VLPs are presented and their major applications are discussed. The different production platforms based on animal cell technology are explained, and their main challenges and future perspectives are explored. The implications of large-scale production of viruses and VLPs are discussed in the context of process control, monitoring, and optimization. The main upstream and downstream technical challenges are identified and discussed accordingly.
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31
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Carvalho SB, Freire JM, Moleirinho MG, Monteiro F, Gaspar D, Castanho MARB, Carrondo MJT, Alves PM, Bernardes GJL, Peixoto C. Bioorthogonal Strategy for Bioprocessing of Specific-Site-Functionalized Enveloped Influenza-Virus-Like Particles. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2386-2399. [PMID: 27652605 PMCID: PMC5080633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Virus-like
particles (VLPs) constitute a promising platform in
vaccine development and targeted drug delivery. To date, most applications
use simple nonenveloped VLPs as human papillomavirus or hepatitis
B vaccines, even though the envelope is known to be critical to retain
the native protein folding and biological function. Here, we present
tagged enveloped VLPs (TagE-VLPs) as a valuable strategy for the downstream
processing and monitoring of the in vivo production of specific-site-functionalized
enveloped influenza VLPs. This two-step procedure allows bioorthogonal
functionalization of azide-tagged nascent influenza type A hemagglutinin
proteins in the envelope of VLPs through a strain-promoted [3 + 2]
alkyne–azide cycloaddition reaction. Importantly, labeling
does not influence VLP production and allows for construction of functionalized
VLPs without deleterious effects on their biological function. Refined
discrimination and separation between VLP and baculovirus, the major
impurity of the process, is achieved when this technique is combined
with flow cytometry analysis, as demonstrated by atomic force microscopy.
TagE-VLPs is a versatile tool broadly applicable to the production,
monitoring, and purification of functionalized enveloped VLPs for
vaccine design trial runs, targeted drug delivery, and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia B Carvalho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João M Freire
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mafalda G Moleirinho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Francisca Monteiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Diana Gaspar
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel A R B Castanho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Manuel J T Carrondo
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.,Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Monte da Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paula M Alves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Peixoto
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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32
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Simple and efficient ultrafiltration method for purification of rotavirus VP6 oligomeric proteins. Arch Virol 2016; 161:3219-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-2991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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33
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Abstract
The ability to make a large variety of virus-like particles (VLPs) has been successfully achieved in the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS)/insect cell system. The production and scale-up of these particles, which are mostly sought as vaccine candidates, are currently being addressed. Furthermore, these VLPs are being investigated as delivery agents for use as therapeutics. The use of host insect cells allows mass production of VLPs in a proven scalable system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Thompson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, 2500, Chemin de Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc G Aucoin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3G1.
| | - Amine A Kamen
- National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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34
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Besnard L, Fabre V, Fettig M, Gousseinov E, Kawakami Y, Laroudie N, Scanlan C, Pattnaik P. Clarification of vaccines: An overview of filter based technology trends and best practices. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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35
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Ladd Effio C, Baumann P, Weigel C, Vormittag P, Middelberg A, Hubbuch J. High-throughput process development of an alternative platform for the production of virus-like particles in Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol 2015; 219:7-19. [PMID: 26707548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The production of safe vaccines against untreatable or new diseases has pushed the research in the field of virus-like particles (VLPs). Currently, a large number of commercial VLP-based human vaccines and vaccine candidates are available or under development. A promising VLP production route is the controlled in vitro assembly of virus proteins into capsids. In the study reported here, a high-throughput screening (HTS) procedure was implemented for the upstream process development of a VLP platform in bacterial cell systems. Miniaturized cultivations were carried out in 48-well format in the BioLector system (m2p-Labs, Germany) using an Escherichia coli strain with a tac promoter producing the murine polyomavirus capsid protein (VP1). The screening procedure incorporated micro-scale cultivations, HTS cell disruption by sonication and HTS-compatible analytics by capillary gel electrophoresis. Cultivation temperatures, shaking speeds, induction and medium conditions were varied to optimize the product expression in E. coli. The most efficient system was selected based on an evaluation of soluble and insoluble product concentrations as well as on the percentage of product in the total soluble protein fraction. The optimized system was scaled up to cultivation 2.5L shaker flask scale and purified using an anion exchange chromatography membrane adsorber, followed by a size exclusion chromatography polishing procedure. For proof of concept, purified VP1 capsomeres were assembled under defined buffer conditions into empty capsids and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The presented HTS procedure allowed for a fast development of an efficient production process of VLPs in E. coli. Under optimized cultivation conditions, the VP1 product totalled up to 43% of the total soluble protein fraction, yielding 1.63 mg VP1 per mL of applied cultivation medium. The developed production process strongly promotes the murine polyoma-VLP platform, moving towards an industrially feasible technology for new chimeric vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ladd Effio
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Pascal Baumann
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Claudia Weigel
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Philipp Vormittag
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anton Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
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36
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Improving the downstream processing of vaccine and gene therapy vectors with continuous chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4155/pbp.15.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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37
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Nestola P, Silva RJ, Peixoto C, Alves PM, Carrondo MJ, Mota JP. Robust design of adenovirus purification by two-column, simulated moving-bed, size-exclusion chromatography. J Biotechnol 2015; 213:109-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Qi Y, Fan J, Huang W, Zhao C, Wang Y, Kong FT, Kong W, Jiang C. Expression and characterization of hepatitis E virus-like particles and non-virus-like particles from insect cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:362-70. [PMID: 25824972 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) capsid antigen expressed in insect cell has been proposed as a candidate subunit vaccine for the prevention of hepatitis E. However, the expression and purification of HEV virus-like particles (VLPs) from insect cells have not been explored. We aimed to optimize the procedure to obtain HEV VLPs. In this study, two conformations of the HEV capsid proteins were expressed in insect cells, VLPs and non-VLPs, and they were purified separately. The physicochemical properties and the humoral immune responses induced by the two forms were analyzed and compared. We found that HEV VLPs were more immunogenic in mice than HEV non-VLPs. Therefore, we optimized the conditions that yielded high VLPs expression in insect cell cultures and developed an efficient purification method. The results suggest that the distinction and isolation of VLPs from non-VLPs are essential to generate a more immunogenic vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qi
- School of Life Science, Jinlin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually-Transmitted Virus Vaccines of the National Institutes for Food and. Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Fan
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually-Transmitted Virus Vaccines of the National Institutes for Food and. Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually-Transmitted Virus Vaccines of the National Institutes for Food and. Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyan Zhao
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually-Transmitted Virus Vaccines of the National Institutes for Food and. Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually-Transmitted Virus Vaccines of the National Institutes for Food and. Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Franklin T Kong
- Ann Arbor Pioneer High School, 601 West Stadium Blvd, Ann Arbor
| | - Wei Kong
- School of Life Science, Jinlin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlai Jiang
- School of Life Science, Jinlin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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39
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Jalilvand S, Marashi SM, Shoja Z. Rotavirus VP6 preparations as a non-replicating vaccine candidates. Vaccine 2015; 33:3281-7. [PMID: 26021725 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) structural proteins VP4 and VP7, located on the surface of viral particles, elicit neutralizing antibodies (Abs) and are therefore considered to be important components of RV vaccines. However, despite inducing neutralizing Abs, limits of cross-neutralizing activity and lack of full correlation with protection limit the usefulness of these proteins as protective agents against RV disease. VP6 protein, which forms the middle layer of RV particles, is discussed as an alternative vaccine candidate since it can induce cross-protective immune responses against different RV strains although the Ab raised is not neutralizing. This report reviews different functions of VP6 that can lead to considering it as an alternative vaccine against RV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Jalilvand
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Mahdi Marashi
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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40
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Effio CL, Hubbuch J. Next generation vaccines and vectors: Designing downstream processes for recombinant protein-based virus-like particles. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:715-27. [PMID: 25880158 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of novel recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) has been generating new perspectives for the prevention of untreated and arising infectious diseases. However, cost-reduction and acceleration of manufacturing processes for VLP-based vaccines or vectors are key challenges for the global health system. In particular, the design of rapid and cost-efficient purification processes is a critical bottleneck. In this review, we describe and evaluate new concepts, development strategies and unit operations for the downstream processing of VLPs. A special focus is placed on purity requirements and current trends, as well as chances and limitations of novel technologies. The discussed methods and case studies demonstrate the advances and remaining challenges in both rational process development and purification tools for large biomolecules. The potential of a new era of VLP-based products is highlighted by the progress of various VLPs in clinical phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ladd Effio
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe, Germany
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41
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Nestola P, Peixoto C, Silva RRJS, Alves PM, Mota JPB, Carrondo MJT. Improved virus purification processes for vaccines and gene therapy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:843-57. [PMID: 25677990 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The downstream processing of virus particles for vaccination or gene therapy is becoming a critical bottleneck as upstream titers keep improving. Moreover, the growing pressure to develop cost-efficient processes has brought forward new downstream trains. This review aims at analyzing the state-of-the-art in viral downstream purification processes, encompassing the classical unit operations and their recent developments. Emphasis is given to novel strategies for process intensification, such as continuous or semi-continuous systems based on multicolumn technology, opening up process efficiency. Process understanding in the light of the pharmaceutical quality by design (QbD) initiative is also discussed. Finally, an outlook of the upcoming breakthrough technologies is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Nestola
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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42
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Palomares LA, Realpe M, Ramírez OT. An Overview of Cell Culture Engineering for the Insect Cell-Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS). CELL ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10320-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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43
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Kramberger P, Urbas L, Štrancar A. Downstream processing and chromatography based analytical methods for production of vaccines, gene therapy vectors, and bacteriophages. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 11:1010-21. [PMID: 25751122 PMCID: PMC4514237 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1009817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Downstream processing of nanoplexes (viruses, virus-like particles, bacteriophages) is characterized by complexity of the starting material, number of purification methods to choose from, regulations that are setting the frame for the final product and analytical methods for upstream and downstream monitoring. This review gives an overview on the nanoplex downstream challenges and chromatography based analytical methods for efficient monitoring of the nanoplex production.
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Contreras-Gómez A, Sánchez-Mirón A, García-Camacho F, Molina-Grima E, Chisti Y. Protein production using the baculovirus-insect cell expression system. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:1-18. [PMID: 24265112 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The baculovirus-insect cell expression system is widely used in producing recombinant proteins. This review is focused on the use of this expression system in developing bioprocesses for producing proteins of interest. The issues addressed include: the baculovirus biology and genetic manipulation to improve protein expression and quality; the suppression of proteolysis associated with the viral enzymes; the engineering of the insect cell lines for improved capability in glycosylation and folding of the expressed proteins; the impact of baculovirus on the host cell and its implications for protein production; the effects of the growth medium on metabolism of the host cell; the bioreactors and the associated operational aspects; and downstream processing of the product. All these factors strongly affect the production of recombinant proteins. The current state of knowledge is reviewed.
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45
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Jere KC, O'Neill HG, Potgieter AC, van Dijk AA. Chimaeric virus-like particles derived from consensus genome sequences of human rotavirus strains co-circulating in Africa. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105167. [PMID: 25268783 PMCID: PMC4181975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus virus-like particles (RV-VLPs) are potential alternative non-live vaccine candidates due to their high immunogenicity. They mimic the natural conformation of native viral proteins but cannot replicate because they do not contain genomic material which makes them safe. To date, most RV-VLPs have been derived from cell culture adapted strains or common G1 and G3 rotaviruses that have been circulating in communities for some time. In this study, chimaeric RV-VLPs were generated from the consensus sequences of African rotaviruses (G2, G8, G9 or G12 strains associated with either P[4], P[6] or P[8] genotypes) characterised directly from human stool samples without prior adaptation of the wild type strains to cell culture. Codon-optimised sequences for insect cell expression of genome segments 2 (VP2), 4 (VP4), 6 (VP6) and 9 (VP7) were cloned into a modified pFASTBAC vector, which allowed simultaneous expression of up to four genes using the Bac-to-Bac Baculovirus Expression System (BEVS; Invitrogen). Several combinations of the genome segments originating from different field strains were cloned to produce double-layered RV-VLPs (dRV-VLP; VP2/6), triple-layered RV-VLPs (tRV-VLP; VP2/6/7 or VP2/6/7/4) and chimaeric tRV-VLPs. The RV-VLPs were produced by infecting Spodoptera frugiperda 9 and Trichoplusia ni cells with recombinant baculoviruses using multi-cistronic, dual co-infection and stepwise-infection expression strategies. The size and morphology of the RV-VLPs, as determined by transmission electron microscopy, revealed successful production of RV-VLPs. The novel approach of producing tRV-VLPs, by using the consensus insect cell codon-optimised nucleotide sequence derived from dsRNA extracted directly from clinical specimens, should speed-up vaccine research and development by by-passing the need to adapt rotaviruses to cell culture. Other problems associated with cell culture adaptation, such as possible changes in epitopes, can also be circumvented. Thus, it is now possible to generate tRV-VLPs for evaluation as non-live vaccine candidates for any human or animal field rotavirus strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuzwayo C. Jere
- Biochemistry, Centre of Human Metabonomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Hester G. O'Neill
- Biochemistry, Centre of Human Metabonomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - A. Christiaan Potgieter
- Biochemistry, Centre of Human Metabonomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Deltamune (Pty.) Ltd., Lyttelton, Centurion, South Africa
| | - Alberdina A. van Dijk
- Biochemistry, Centre of Human Metabonomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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46
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Gencoglu MF, Pearson E, Heldt CL. Porcine parvovirus flocculation and removal in the presence of osmolytes. J Biotechnol 2014; 186:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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47
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Vicente T, Burri S, Wellnitz S, Walsh K, Rothe S, Liderfelt J. Fully aseptic single-use cross flow filtration system for clarification and concentration of cytomegalovirus-like particles. Eng Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201300093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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48
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Nestola P, Silva RJS, Peixoto C, Alves PM, Carrondo MJT, Mota JPB. Adenovirus purification by two-column, size-exclusion, simulated countercurrent chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1347:111-21. [PMID: 24813933 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) was successfully separated by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) using a simple, yet efficient, two-column, quasi-continuous, simulated moving-bed process operated in an open-loop configuration. The operating cycle is divided into two identical half-cycles, each of them consisting of the following sequence of sub-steps: (i) elution of the upstream column and direction of the effluent of the downstream column to waste; (ii) elution of the upstream column and redirection of its effluent to waste while the downstream column is fed with the clarified bioreaction bulk and its effluent collected as purified product; (iii) operation of the system as in step (i) but collecting the effluent of the downstream column as product; (iv) elution of the upstream column and direction of its effluent to waste while the flow through the downstream column is temporarily halted. Clearance of impurities, namely DNA and host cell protein (HCP), were experimentally assessed. The pilot-scale run yielded a virus recovery of 86%, and a clearance of 90% and 89% for DNA and HCP, respectively, without any fine tunning of the predetermined operating parameters. These figures compare very favorably against single-column batch chromatography for the same volume of size-exclusion resin. However, and most importantly, the virus yield was increased from 57% for the batch system to 86% for the two-column SEC process because of internal recycling of the mixed fractions of contaminated Ad5, even though the two-column process was operated strictly in an open-loop configuration. And last, but not least, the productivity was increased by 6-fold with the two-column process. In conclusion, the main drawbacks of size-exclusion chromatography, namely low productivity and low product titer, were overcome to a considerable extent by an innovative two-column configuration that keeps the mixed fractions inside the system at all times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Nestola
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J S Silva
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Peixoto
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula M Alves
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Manuel J T Carrondo
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José P B Mota
- Requimte/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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49
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Kim HJ, Jin Y, Kim HJ. The concentration of carbon source in the medium affects the quality of virus-like particles of human papillomavirus type 16 produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94467. [PMID: 24714383 PMCID: PMC3979840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that virus-like particles (VLPs) recombinantly produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) are characterized by low structural stability, and that this is associated with reduced antigenicity and immunogenicity. However, little attention has been devoted to methods of improving the quality of the VLPs. Here, we investigated the effect of carbon source concentration in the medium on the antigenicity and immunogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 L1 VLPs expressed in S. cerevisiae from the galactose promoter. Media containing 2, 4, 6, and 8% carbon source, composed of both glucose and galactose in equal proportion, were used. VLP antigenicity was enhanced in cultures grown on media with 6 or 8% carbon source, compared to those from cultures with less than 6% carbon source. Moreover, the VLPs obtained from these cultures induced higher anti-HPV16 L1 IgG titers and neutralizing antibody titers in immunized mice than those purified from cultures with less than 6% carbon source. Our results indicate that the concentration of the carbon source in the medium plays a crucial role in determining the antigenicity and immunogenicity of HPV type16 L1 VLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yingji Jin
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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50
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Production of rotavirus core-like particles in Sf9 cells using recombinase-mediated cassette exchange. J Biotechnol 2014; 171:34-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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