1
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Liu Y, Yang C, Zhang J, Ihsan A, Ares I, Martínez M, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Recent progress in adverse events of carboxylic acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (CBA-NSAIDs) and their association with the metabolism: the consequences on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and prevention with natural plant extracts. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38980754 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2378885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carboxylic acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (CBA-NSAIDs) are extensively used worldwide due to their antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects. CBA-NSAIDs have reasonable margin of safety at therapeutic doses, and in the current climate, do not possess addiction potential like opioid drugs. Studies have revealed that various adverse events of CBA-NSAIDs are related mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. AREAS COVERED This review article summarizes adverse events induced by CBA-NSAIDs, mechanisms of mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and metabolic interactions. Meanwhile, this review discusses the treatment and prevention of CBA-NSAIDs damage by natural plant extracts based on antioxidant effects. EXPERT OPINION CBA-NSAIDs can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mediate DNA, protein and lipid damage, lead to imbalance of cell antioxidant status, change of mitochondrial membrane potential, activate oxidative stress signal pathway, thus leading to oxidative stress and cell damage. Adverse events caused by CBA-NSAIDs often exhibit dose and time dependence. In order to avoid adverse events caused by CBA-NSAIDs, it is necessary to provide detailed patient consultation and eliminate influencing factors. Moreover, constructive research studies on the organ-specific toxicity and mechanism of natural plant extracts in preventing and treating metabolic abnormalities of CBA-NSAIDs, will provide important value for warning and guidance for use of CBA-NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jieying Zhang
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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Blanca-Lopez N, Agundez JAG, Fernández J, García-Martin E, Blanca M. Ibuprofen and Other Arylpropionics: The Relevance in Immediate Hypersensitivity Drug Reactions. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38830344 DOI: 10.1159/000539043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is the most frequent medication to be involved in hypersensitivity drug reactions (HDRs). Other analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs in the arylpropionic group are also relevant, albeit to a lesser extent. Ibuprofen is widely consumed by people of all ages, both on medical prescription and over the counter; moreover, it is an organic contaminant of surface waters and foods. While numerous drugs cause HDR, ibuprofen's underlying mechanisms are more intricate and involve both specific immunological and non-immunological mediated reactions. SUMMARY we concentrate on immediate responses, including urticaria with or without angioedema, anaphylaxis, and angioedema, classifying reactions according to whether they are caused by single or multiple NSAIDs and based on the mechanisms at play. Both groups may experience anaphylaxis, defined as an immediate, severe systemic reaction involving at least two organs, though the frequency and severity can vary. Following this classification, more clinical manifestations can be identified. Diagnosis is partly based on a detailed clinical history, including information about ibuprofen and/or other arylpropionic derivatives involved, the interval between drug intake and symptoms onset, clinical manifestations, number of episodes, and the patient's tolerance or response to other medications - mainly non-chemically related NSAID - both before and after reactions to ibuprofen and/or other arylpropionic drugs. A drug provocation test is frequently necessary to make a diagnosis. KEY MESSAGE Because ibuprofen is the most widely prescribed NSAID, it is reasonable to assume its role as the leading cause of HDR will only become more important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose A G Agundez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Avda de Las Ciencias s/n, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Allergy Section, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martin
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Avda de Las Ciencias s/n, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Miguel Blanca, Research consultant, Campoamor 2, Malaga, Spain
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3
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The Intestinal and Biliary Metabolites of Ibuprofen in the Rat with Experimental Hyperglycemia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134000. [PMID: 35807248 PMCID: PMC9268267 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is reported to be associated with oxidative stress. It can result in changes in the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes and membrane-integrated transporters, which can modify the fate of drugs and other xenobiotics; furthermore, it can result in the formation of non-enzyme catalyzed oxidative metabolites. The present work aimed to investigate how experimental hyperglycemia affects the intestinal and biliary appearance of the oxidative and Phase II metabolites of ibuprofen in rats. In vivo studies were performed by luminal perfusion of 250 μM racemic ibuprofen solution in control and streptozotocin-treated (hyperglycemic) rats. Analysis of the collected intestinal perfusate and bile samples was performed by HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS. No oxidative metabolites could be detected in the perfusate samples. The biliary appearance of ibuprofen, 2-hydroxyibuprofen, ibuprofen glucuronide, hydroxylated ibuprofen glucuronide, and ibuprofen taurate was depressed in the hyperglycemic animals. However, no specific non-enzymatic (hydroxyl radical initiated) hydroxylation product could be detected. Instead, the depression of biliary excretion of ibuprofen and ibuprofen metabolites turned out to be the indicative marker of hyperglycemia. The observed changes impact the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered in hyperglycemic individuals.
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Yogo Y, Yasuda K, Takita T, Yasukawa K, Iwai Y, Nishikawa M, Sugimoto H, Ikushiro S, Sakaki T. Metabolism of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by Streptomyces griseolus CYP105A1 and its variants. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 45:100455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2022.100455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Chen X, Chen Y, Xiao T, Dong X, Lu Y, Qian Y, Wang H, Zhou W. CYP2C9*3 Increases the Ibuprofen Response of Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus in the Infants with Gestational Age of More Than 30 Weeks. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:72-77. [PMID: 36939774 PMCID: PMC9590483 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-021-00028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) is a severe condition in newborns. Ibuprofen is an effective treatment to reduce the severe complications and the need for surgical treatment. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were related to the ibuprofen metabolism, treatment effects, and the onset of side effects. The effects of SNPs on hsPDA response after ibuprofen treatment are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we recruited hsPDA patients with standard ibuprofen treatment. Those patients had participated in China Neonatal Genomes Project (CNGP, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03931707) with next-generation sequencing data. We reanalyzed the sequencing data and compared the allele frequencies of known ibuprofen-related SNPs between ibuprofen Responder and Non-responder groups. In total, 185 hsPDA patients were recruited with gestational age (GA) ranging from 24 to 40 weeks. No significant differences were detected in the basic information, period of ibuprofen treatment, rate of conservative treatment, complications, and side effects between ibuprofen Responder group and Non-responder group. Totally, 17 hsPDA carried CYP2C9*3 and one with CYP2C9*2 were detected. In the GA group of more than 30 GA weeks (GA > 30 wks group), we found higher allele frequency of CYP2C9*3 in Responder group than in Non-responder group (16% vs. 0, p = 0.0391). In the GA group of less than 30 GA weeks (GA ≤ 30 wks group), the sum allele frequency of CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*2 had no stastical difference between two groups (Responder group vs. Non-responder group, 13% vs. 11%, p = 0.768). Therefore, we came to conclude that genetic tests of CYP2C9*3 site may benefit the prediction of ibuprofen treatment outcome for hsPDA patients with gestational age of more than 30 weeks. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43657-021-00028-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Departments of Neonatology, National Children’s Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Tiantian Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Xinran Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Yulan Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Yanyan Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Departments of Neonatology, National Children’s Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
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Macías Y, García-Menaya JM, Martí M, Cordobés C, Jurado-Escobar R, Cornejo-García JA, Torres MJ, Blanca-López N, Canto G, Blanca M, Laguna JJ, Bartra J, Rosado A, Fernández J, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Lack of Major Involvement of Common CYP2C Gene Polymorphisms in the Risk of Developing Cross-Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:648262. [PMID: 34621165 PMCID: PMC8490926 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.648262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a relatively common, non-allergic, adverse drug event triggered by two or more chemically unrelated NSAIDs. Current evidence point to COX-1 inhibition as one of the main factors in its etiopathogenesis. Evidence also suggests that the risk is dose-dependent. Therefore it could be speculated that individuals with impaired NSAID biodisposition might be at increased risk of developing cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. We analyzed common functional gene variants for CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 in a large cohort composed of 499 patients with cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs and 624 healthy individuals who tolerated NSAIDs. Patients were analyzed as a whole group and subdivided in three groups according to the main enzymes involved in the metabolism of the culprit drugs as follows: CYP2C9, aceclofenac, indomethacin, naproxen, piroxicam, meloxicam, lornoxicam, and celecoxib; CYP2C8 plus CYP2C9, ibuprofen and diclofenac; CYP2C19 plus CYP2C9, metamizole. Genotype calls ranged from 94 to 99%. No statistically significant differences between patients and controls were identified in this study, either for allele frequencies, diplotypes, or inferred phenotypes. After patient stratification according to the enzymes involved in the metabolism of the culprit drugs, or according to the clinical presentation of the hypersensitivity reaction, we identified weak significant associations of a lower frequency (as compared to that of control subjects) of CYP2C8*3/*3 genotypes in patients receiving NSAIDs that are predominantly CYP2C9 substrates, and in patients with NSAIDs-exacerbated cutaneous disease. However, these associations lost significance after False Discovery Rate correction for multiple comparisons. Taking together these findings and the statistical power of this cohort, we conclude that there is no evidence of a major implication of the major functional CYP2C polymorphisms analyzed in this study and the risk of developing cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. This argues against the hypothesis of a dose-dependent COX-1 inhibition as the main underlying mechanism for this adverse drug event and suggests that pre-emptive genotyping aiming at drug selection should have a low practical utility for cross-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Macías
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jesús M García-Menaya
- Allergy Service, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Manuel Martí
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Concepción Cordobés
- Allergy Service, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Raquel Jurado-Escobar
- Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A Cornejo-García
- Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - María J Torres
- ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.,Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Blanca-López
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriela Canto
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Laguna
- ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Allergy Unit and Allergy-Anaesthesia Unit, Hospital Central Cruz Roja, Faculty of Medicine, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Bartra
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Hospital Clinic, ARADyAL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Rosado
- Allergy Service, Alcorcón Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Allergy Unit, Regional University Hospital, Alicante, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Alicante, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José A G Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx, Cáceres, Spain.,ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
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Truong VL, Jun M, Jeong WS. Phytochemical and Over-The-Counter Drug Interactions: Involvement of Phase I and II Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Phase III Transporters. J Med Food 2021; 24:786-805. [PMID: 34382862 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of plant-derived natural products and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs is increasing on a global scale, and studies of phytochemical-OTC drug interactions are becoming more significant. The intake of dietary plants and herbs rich in phytochemicals may affect drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and transporters. These effects may lead to alterations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of OTC drugs when concomitantly administered. Some phytochemical-drug interactions benefit patients through enhanced efficacy, but many interactions cause adverse effects. This review discusses possible mechanisms of phytochemical-OTC drug interactions mediated by phase I and II DMEs and phase III transporters. In addition, current information is summarized for interactions between phytochemicals derived from fruits, vegetables, and herbs and OTC drugs, and counseling is provided on appropriate and safe use of OTC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Long Truong
- Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mira Jun
- Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Graduate School, Center for Silver-Targeted Biomaterials, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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8
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Garrigós-Martínez J, Weninger A, Montesinos-Seguí JL, Schmid C, Valero F, Rinnofner C, Glieder A, Garcia-Ortega X. Scalable production and application of Pichia pastoris whole cell catalysts expressing human cytochrome P450 2C9. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:90. [PMID: 33902608 PMCID: PMC8074423 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the numerous and versatile applications in pharmaceutical and chemical industry make the recombinant production of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) of great biotechnological interest. Accelerating the drug development process by simple, quick and scalable access of human drug metabolites is key for efficient and targeted drug development in response to new and sometimes unexpected medical challenges and needs. However, due its biochemical complexity, scalable human CYP (hCYP) production and their application in preparative biotransformations was still in its infancy. RESULTS A scalable bioprocess for fine-tuned co-expression of hCYP2C9 and its essential complementary human cytochrome P450 reductase (hCPR) in the yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is presented. High-throughput screening (HTS) of a transformant library employing a set of diverse bidirectional expression systems with different regulation patterns and a fluorimetric assay was used in order to fine-tune hCYP2C9 and hCPR co-expression, and to identify best expressing clonal variants. The bioprocess development for scalable and reliable whole cell biocatalyst production in bioreactors was carried out based on rational optimization criteria. Among the different alternatives studied, a glycerol carbon-limiting strategy at high µ showed highest production rates, while methanol co-addition together with a decrease of µ provided the best results in terms of product to biomass yield and whole cell activity. By implementing the mentioned strategies, up to threefold increases in terms of production rates and/or yield could be achieved in comparison with initial tests. Finally, the performance of the whole cell catalysts was demonstrated successfully in biotransformation using ibuprofen as substrate, demonstrating the expected high selectivity of the human enzyme catalyst for 3'hydroxyibuprofen. CONCLUSIONS For the first time a scalable bioprocess for the production of hCYP2C9 whole cell catalysts was successfully designed and implemented in bioreactor cultures, and as well, further tested in a preparative-scale biotransformation of interest. The catalyst engineering procedure demonstrated the efficiency of the employment of a set of differently regulated bidirectional promoters to identify transformants with most effective membrane-bound hCYP/hCPR co-expression ratios and implies to become a model case for the generation of other P. pastoris based catalysts relying on co-expressed enzymes such as other P450 catalysts or enzymes relying on co-expressed enzymes for co-factor regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Garrigós-Martínez
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Astrid Weninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - José Luis Montesinos-Seguí
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Christian Schmid
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Claudia Rinnofner
- Bisy GmbH, Wuenschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anton Glieder
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Bisy GmbH, Wuenschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria.
| | - Xavier Garcia-Ortega
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
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9
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Tiwari S, Yang J, Morisseau C, Durbin-Johnson B, Hammock BD, Gomes AV. Ibuprofen alters epoxide hydrolase activity and epoxy-oxylipin metabolites associated with different metabolic pathways in murine livers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7042. [PMID: 33782432 PMCID: PMC8007717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade oxylipins have become more recognized for their involvement in several diseases. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen are known to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, but how NSAIDs affect oxylipins, in addition to COX products, in animal tissues is not well understood. Oxylipins in livers from male and female mice treated with 100 mg/kg/day of ibuprofen for 7 days were investigated. The results showed that ibuprofen treated male livers contained 7 times more altered oxylipins than ibuprofen treated female livers. In male and female livers some prostaglandins were altered, while diols, hydroxy fatty acids and epoxides were significantly altered in male livers. Some soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) products, such as 9,10-DiHODE were found to be decreased, while sEH substrates (such as 9(10)-EpODE and 5(6)-EpETrE) were found to be increased in male livers treated with ibuprofen, but not in ibuprofen treated female livers. The enzymatic activities of sEH and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) were elevated by ibuprofen in both males and females. Analyzing the influence of sex on the effect of ibuprofen on oxylipins and COX products showed that approximately 27% of oxylipins detected were influenced by sex. The results reveal that ibuprofen disturbs not only the COX pathway, but also the CYP450 and lipoxygenase pathways in male mice, suggesting that ibuprofen is likely to generate sex related differences in biologically active oxylipins. Increased sEH activity after ibuprofen treatment is likely to be one of the mechanisms by which the liver reduces the higher levels of EpODEs and EpETrEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchita Tiwari
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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10
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Klenk JM, Kontny LH, Escobedo-Hinojosa W, Nebel BA, Hauer B. Oxyfunctionalization of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by filamentous-fungi. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:724-738. [PMID: 31173436 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to expand the microbial biocatalyst platform to generate essential oxyfunctionalized standards for pharmaceutical, toxicological and environmental research. In particular, we examined the production of oxyfunctionalized nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by filamentous-fungi. METHODS AND RESULTS Four NSAIDs; diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen and mefenamic acid were used as substrates for oxyfunctionalization in a biocatalytic process involving three filamentous-fungi strains; Beauveria bassiana, Clitocybe nebularis and Mucor hiemalis. Oxyfunctionalized metabolites that are major degradation intermediates formed by Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in human metabolism were produced in isolated yields of up to 99% using 1 g l-1 of substrate. In addition, a novel compound, 3',4'-dihydroxydiclofenac, was produced by B. bassiana. Proteomic analysis identified CYP548A5 that might be responsible for diclofenac oxyfunctionalization in B. bassiana. CONCLUSIONS Efficient fungi catalysed oxyfunctionalization was achieved when using NSAIDs as substrates. High purities and isolated yields of the produced metabolites were achieved. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The lack of current efficient synthetic strategies for oxyfunctionalization of NSAIDs is a bottleneck to perform pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicological analysis for the pharmaceutical industry. Additionally, oxyfunctionalized derivatives are needed for tracking the fate and impact of such metabolites in the environment. Herein, we described a fungi catalysed process that surpasses previously reported strategies in terms of efficiency, to synthesize oxyfunctionalized NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Klenk
- Department of Technical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - L H Kontny
- Department of Technical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - W Escobedo-Hinojosa
- Department of Technical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - B A Nebel
- Department of Technical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - B Hauer
- Department of Technical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Fürst MJLJ, Kerschbaumer B, Rinnofner C, Migglautsch AK, Winkler M, Fraaije MW. Exploring the Biocatalytic Potential of a Self‐Sufficient Cytochrome P450 from
Thermothelomyces thermophila. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bianca Kerschbaumer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB) Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Claudia Rinnofner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB) Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
- Bisy e.U. Wetzawinkel 20 8200 Hofstätten/Raab Austria
| | - Anna K. Migglautsch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of TechnologyNAWI Graz 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Margit Winkler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB) Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Marco W. Fraaije
- Molecular Enzymology GroupUniversity of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Rinnofner C, Kerschbaumer B, Weber H, Glieder A, Winkler M. Cytochrome P450 mediated hydroxylation of ibuprofen using Pichia pastoris as biocatalyst. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Winkler M, Geier M, Hanlon SP, Nidetzky B, Glieder A. Human Enzymes for Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13406-13423. [PMID: 29600541 PMCID: PMC6334177 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human enzymes have been widely studied in various disciplines. The number of reactions taking place in the human body is vast, and so is the number of potential catalysts for synthesis. Herein, we focus on the application of human enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions in course of the metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics. Some of these reactions have been explored on the preparative scale. The major field of application of human enzymes is currently drug development, where they are applied for the synthesis of drug metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Winkler
- Institute for Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
- acib GmbHPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
| | | | | | - Bernd Nidetzky
- acib GmbHPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical EngineeringGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 128010GrazAustria
| | - Anton Glieder
- Institute for Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
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14
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Winkler M, Geier M, Hanlon SP, Nidetzky B, Glieder A. Humane Enzyme für die organische Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margit Winkler
- Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie; Technische Universität Graz; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Österreich
- acib GmbH; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Österreich
| | | | | | - Bernd Nidetzky
- acib GmbH; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Österreich
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik; Technische Universität Graz; Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Anton Glieder
- Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie; Technische Universität Graz; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Österreich
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15
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Lesieur M, Genicot C, Pasau P. Development of a Flow Photochemical Aerobic Oxidation of Benzylic C–H Bonds. Org Lett 2018; 20:1987-1990. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lesieur
- UCB Biopharma, Avenue de l’industrie, 1420 Braine l’Alleud, Belgium
| | | | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma, Avenue de l’industrie, 1420 Braine l’Alleud, Belgium
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16
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Fernandes AR, Ferreira NR, Fangueiro JF, Santos AC, Veiga FJ, Cabral C, Silva AM, Souto EB. Ibuprofen nanocrystals developed by 2 2 factorial design experiment: A new approach for poorly water-soluble drugs. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1117-1124. [PMID: 30166898 PMCID: PMC6111112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduction of the particle size of drugs of pharmaceutical interest down to the nano-sized range has dramatically changed their physicochemical properties. The greatest disadvantage of nanocrystals is their inherent instability, due to the risk of crystal growth. Thus, the selection of an appropriate stabilizer is crucial to obtain long-term physicochemically stable nanocrystals. High pressure homogenization has enormous advantages, including the possibility of scaling up, lack of organic solvents and the production of small particles diameter with low polydispersity index. The sequential use of high shear homogenization followed by high pressure homogenization, can modulate nanoparticles’ size for different administration routes. The present study focuses on the optimization of the production process of two formulations composed of different surfactants produced by High Shear Homogenization followed by hot High Pressure Homogenization. To build up the surface response charts, a 22 full factorial design experiment, based on 2 independent variables, was used to develop optimized formulations. The effects of the production process on the mean particle size and polydispersity index were evaluated. The best ibuprofen nanocrystal formulations were obtained using 0.20% Tween 80 and 1.20% PVP K30 (F1) and 0.20% Tween 80 and 1.20% Span 80 (F2). The estimation of the long-term stability of the aqueous suspensions of ibuprofen nanocrystals was studied using the LUMISizer. The calculated instability index suggests that F1 was more stable when stored at 4 °C and 22 °C, whereas F2 was shown to be more stable when freshly prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - N R Ferreira
- CQ Pharna, (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J F Fangueiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - A C Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Innovation and Health Research, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Portugal
| | - F J Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Cabral
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology & Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC-IBILI), University of Coimbra, Po'lo das Ciências da Sau'de, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A M Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Biology and Environment, University of Tras-os Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - E B Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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17
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Yeom SM, Kim MS, Lingenfelter E, Broadwell J. A Methocarbamol Combination to Prevent Toxicity of Non-steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2017.49.2.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Yeom
- USFK, Army 2nd Infantry Division, Camp Hovey Combined Troops Medical Aid Station, Dongducheon, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Woo-suk University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- USFK, Army 2nd Infantry Division, Camp Hovey Combined Troops Medical Aid Station, Dongducheon, Korea
- College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eric Lingenfelter
- USFK, Army 2nd Infantry Division, Camp Hovey Combined Troops Medical Aid Station, Dongducheon, Korea
- Defense Health Agency, Washington, USA
| | - Jonathan Broadwell
- Army National Guard, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake, USA
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18
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Kern F, Khatri Y, Litzenburger M, Bernhardt R. CYP267A1 and CYP267B1 from Sorangium cellulosum So ce56 are Highly Versatile Drug Metabolizers. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:495-504. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.068486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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19
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Reinen J, Vredenburg G, Klaering K, Vermeulen NP, Commandeur JN, Honing M, Vos JC. Selective whole-cell biosynthesis of the designer drug metabolites 15- or 16-betahydroxynorethisterone by engineered Cytochrome P450 BM3 mutants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Ren X, Yorke JA, Taylor E, Zhang T, Zhou W, Wong LL. Drug Oxidation by Cytochrome P450BM3 : Metabolite Synthesis and Discovering New P450 Reaction Types. Chemistry 2015; 21:15039-47. [PMID: 26311271 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There is intense interest in late-stage catalytic C-H bond functionalization as an integral part of synthesis. Effective catalysts must have a broad substrate range and tolerate diverse functional groups. Drug molecules provide a good test of these attributes of a catalyst. A library of P450BM3 mutants developed from four base mutants with high activity for hydrocarbon oxidation produced human metabolites of a panel of drugs that included neutral (chlorzoxazone, testosterone), cationic (amitriptyline, lidocaine) and anionic (diclofenac, naproxen) compounds. No single mutant was active for all the tested drugs but multiple variants in the library showed high activity with each compound. The high conversions enabled full product characterization that led to the discovery of the new P450 reaction type of oxidative decarboxylation of an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid and the formation a protected imine from an amine, offering a novel route to α-functionalization of amines. The substrate range and varied product profiles suggest that this library of enzymes is a good basis for developing late-stage C-H activation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkun Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QR (UK)
| | - Jake A Yorke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QR (UK)
| | - Emily Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QR (UK)
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 (P. R. China)
| | - Weihong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 (P. R. China).
| | - Luet Lok Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3QR (UK).
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21
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Urinary metabolomic fingerprinting after consumption of a probiotic strain in women with mastitis. Pharmacol Res 2014; 87:160-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Kang JY, Ryu SH, Park SH, Cha GS, Kim DH, Kim KH, Hong AW, Ahn T, Pan JG, Joung YH, Kang HS, Yun CH. Chimeric cytochromes P450 engineered by domain swapping and random mutagenesis for producing human metabolites of drugs. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:1313-22. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Kang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ryu
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ha Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Su Cha
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Hee Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Taeho Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Pan
- Superbacteria Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejon Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Joung
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Yun
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea
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Coexpression of CPR from Various Origins Enhances Biotransformation Activity of Human CYPs in S. pombe. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:1751-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Metabolic fluxes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe grown on glucose and mixtures of glycerol and acetate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:5013-26. [PMID: 23389339 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Growth on glycerol has already been a topic of research for several yeast species, and recent publications deal with the regulatory mechanisms of glycerol assimilation by the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We investigated glycerol metabolism of S. pombe from a physiological point of view, characterizing growth and metabolism on a mixture of glycerol and acetate and comparing it to growth on glucose under respirative growth conditions in chemostat experiments. On glycerol/acetate mixtures, the cells grew with a maximum specific growth rate of 0.11 h(-1) where 46 % of the carbon was channeled into biomass and the key fermentation product ethanol was not detectable. (13)C-assisted metabolic flux analysis resolved substrate distributions through central carbon metabolism, proving that glycerol is used as a precursor for glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway, while acetate enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle via acetyl-CoA. Considering compartmentalization between cytosol and mitochondria in the metabolic model, we found compartmentalization of biosynthesis for the amino acids aspartate and leucine. Balancing of redox cofactors revealed an abundant production of cytosolic NADPH that must be finally regenerated via the respiratory chain shown by the simulated and measured CO2 production and oxygen consumption rates which were in good agreement.
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