1
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Cheng L, Wang W, Fan MZ. Characterization of in vitro stability for two processive endoglucanases as exogenous fibre biocatalysts in pig nutrition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9135. [PMID: 35650308 PMCID: PMC9160044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of highly efficacious exogenous fibre degradation enzymes can enhance efficiency of dietary fibre utilization and sustainability of global pork production. The objectives of this study were to investigate in vitro stability for two processive endoglucanases, referred to as GH5-tCel5A1 and GH5-p4818Cel5_2A that were overexpressed in CLEARCOLIBL21(DE3). Three-dimensional models predicted presence of Cys residues on the catalytic site surfaces of GH5-tCel5A1 and GH5-p4818Cel5_2A; and time course experimental results shown that both cellulases were susceptible to auto-oxidation by airborne O2 and were unstable. Furthermore, we examined these endoglucanases' stability under the mimicked in vitro porcine gastric and the small intestinal pH and proteases' conditions. Eadie-Hofstee inhibition kinetic analyses showed that GH5-tCel5A1 and GH5-p4818Cel5_2A respectively lost 18 and 68% of their initial activities after 2-h incubations under the gastric conditions and then lost more than 90% of their initial activities after 2-3 h of incubations under the small intestinal conditions. Therefore, further enzyme protein engineering to improve resistance and alternatively post-fermentation enzyme processing such as coating to bypass the gastric-small intestinal environment will be required to enable these two processive endoglucanases as efficacious exogenous fibre enzymes in pig nutrition application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Cheng
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) - Ontario Operation, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ming Z Fan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
- One Health Institute, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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2
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Arya PS, Yagnik SM, Rajput KN, Panchal RR, Raval VH. Understanding the Basis of Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Implications of Thermostable Alkaline Proteases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:4113-4150. [PMID: 34648116 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The group of hydrolytic enzymes synonymously known as proteases is predominantly most favored for the class of industrial enzymes. The present work focuses on the thermostable nature of these proteolytic enzymes that occur naturally among mesophilic and thermophilic microbes. The broad thermo-active feature (40-80 °C), ease of cultivation, maintenance, and bulk production are the key features associated with these enzymes. Detailing of contemporary production technologies, and controllable operational parameters including the purification strategies, are the key features that justify their industrial dominance as biocatalysts. In addition, the rigorous research inputs by protein engineering and enzyme immobilization studies add up to the thermo-catalytic features and application capabilities of these enzymes. The work summarizes key features of microbial proteases that make them numero-uno for laundry, biomaterials, waste management, food and feed, tannery, and medical as well as pharmaceutical industries. The quest for novel and/or designed and engineered thermostable protease from unexplored sources is highly stimulating and will address the ever-increasing industrial demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant S Arya
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Shivani M Yagnik
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Kiransinh N Rajput
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Rakeshkumar R Panchal
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Vikram H Raval
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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3
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Dawood A, Ma K. Applications of Microbial β-Mannanases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598630. [PMID: 33384989 PMCID: PMC7770148 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannans are main components of hemicellulosic fraction of softwoods and they are present widely in plant tissues. β-mannanases are the major mannan-degrading enzymes and are produced by different plants, animals, actinomycetes, fungi, and bacteria. These enzymes can function under conditions of wide range of pH and temperature. Applications of β-mannanases have therefore, been found in different industries such as animal feed, food, biorefinery, textile, detergent, and paper and pulp. This review summarizes the most recent studies reported on potential applications of β-mannanases and bioengineering of β-mannanases to modify and optimize their key catalytic properties to cater to growing demands of commercial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesa Dawood
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kesen Ma
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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4
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Kaira GS, Kapoor M. Molecular advancements on over-expression, stability and catalytic aspects of endo-β-mannanases. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 41:1-15. [PMID: 33032458 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1825320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The hydrolysis of mannans by endo-β-mannanases continues to gather significance as exemplified by its commercial applications in food, feed, and a rekindled interest in biorefineries. The present review provides a comprehensive account of fundamental research and fascinating insights in the field of endo-β-mannanase engineering in order to improve over-expression and to decipher molecular determinants governing activity-stability during harsh conditions, substrate recognition, polysaccharide specificity, endo/exo mode of action and multi-functional activities in the modular polypeptide. In-depth analysis of the available literature has also been made on rational and directed evolution approaches, which have translated native endo-β-mannanases into superior biocatalysts for satisfying industrial requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Singh Kaira
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mukesh Kapoor
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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5
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Protease—A Versatile and Ecofriendly Biocatalyst with Multi-Industrial Applications: An Updated Review. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Shi S, Lu G, Lin X, Xie C, Liu D, Yao D. A rational design for improving the pepsin resistance of cellulase E4 isolated from T. fusca based on the evaluation of the transition complex and molecular structure. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Wang H, Lin X, Li S, Lin J, Xie C, Liu D, Yao D. Rational molecular design for improving digestive enzyme resistance of beta-glucosidase from Trichoderma viride based on inhibition of bound state formation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 133:109465. [PMID: 31874695 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Beta-glucosidase (BGL1) is widely used in animal feed industries. However, degradation caused by digestive enzymes in the intestine hampers its application. Improving the resistance of feed enzymes against proteases is crucial in livestock farming. To improve the resistance of beta-glucosidase against pepsin and trypsin, a rational molecular design based on the inhibition of bound-state formation and secondary design was developed. The strategy includes: (1) prediction of the interaction surface of the pepsin-BGL1 complex structure, (2) prediction of key amino acids affecting the formation of the complex, (3) optimization of pepsin-resistant mutants by structural evaluation, (4) secondary molecular design based on pepsin-resistant mutants, and optimization of pepsin and trypsin-resistant mutants. Two BGL1 protein mutants (BGL1Q627C and BGL1Q627C/R543H/R646W) were constructed, and then mutated and wild-type BGL1s were expressed in Pichia pastoris. The half-life of BGL1Q627C and BGL1Q627C/R543H/R646W were 1.36 and 1.51 times that of the wild type upon pepsin exposure, respectively. For trypsin resistance, the half-life were 0.93 and 1.53 times that of the wild type, respectively. Compare to those of the wild type, most of the basic enzymatic properties of both mutants were not significantly changed except for increased Michaelis constants. The rational design method can be used as a guide for modifying other feed enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China; Department of Bioengineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China
| | - Xiangna Lin
- Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China; Department of Bioengineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China
| | - Jianlin Lin
- Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China
| | - Chunfang Xie
- Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China; Department of Bioengineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China
| | - Daling Liu
- Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China; Department of Bioengineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China.
| | - Dongsheng Yao
- Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510632, China.
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The state-of-the-art strategies of protein engineering for enzyme stabilization. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 37:530-537. [PMID: 31138425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes generated by natural recruitment and protein engineering have greatly contribute in various sets of applications. However, their insufficient stability is a bottleneck that limit the rapid development of biocatalysis. Novel approaches based on precise and global structural dissection, advanced gene manipulation, and combination with the multidisciplinary techniques open a new horizon to generate stable enzymes efficiently. Here, we comprehensively introduced emerging advances of protein engineering strategies for enzyme stabilization. Then, we highlighted practical cases to show importance of enzyme stabilization in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Combining computational enzyme design with molecular evolution will hold considerable promise in this field.
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Wang X, Du J, Zhang ZY, Fu YJ, Wang WM, Liang AH. A rational design to enhance the resistance of Escherichia coli phytase appA to trypsin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9647-9656. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Niu C, Yang P, Luo H, Huang H, Wang Y, Yao B. Engineering of Yersinia Phytases to Improve Pepsin and Trypsin Resistance and Thermostability and Application Potential in the Food and Feed Industry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7337-7344. [PMID: 28752758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Susceptibility to proteases usually limits the application of phytase. We sought to improve the pepsin and trypsin resistance of YeAPPA from Yersinia enterocolitica and YkAPPA from Y. kristensenii by optimizing amino acid polarity and charge. The predicted pepsin/trypsin cleavage sites F89/K226 in pepsin/trypsin-sensitive YeAPPA and the corresponding sites (F89/E226) in pepsin-sensitive but trypsin-resistant YkAPPA were substituted with S and H, respectively. Six variants were produced in Pichia pastoris for catalytic and biochemical characterization. F89S, E226H, and F89S/E226H elevated pepsin resistance and thermostability and K226H and F89S/K226H improved pepsin and trypsin resistance and stability at 60 °C and low pH. All the variants increased the ability of the proteins to hydrolyze phytate in corn meal by 2.6-14.9-fold in the presence of pepsin at 37 °C and low pH. This study developed a genetic manipulation strategy specific for pepsin/trypsin-sensitive phytases that can improve enzyme tolerance against proteases and heat and benefit the food and feed industry in a cost-effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canfang Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yao
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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11
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Engineering the residual side chains of HAP phytases to improve their pepsin resistance and catalytic efficiency. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42133. [PMID: 28186144 PMCID: PMC5301473 DOI: 10.1038/srep42133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong resistance to proteolytic attack is important for feed enzymes. Here, we selected three predicted pepsin cleavage sites, L99, L162, and E230 (numbering from the initiator M of premature proteins), in pepsin-sensitive HAP phytases YkAPPA from Yersinia kristensenii and YeAPPA from Y. enterocolitica, which corresponded to L99, V162, and D230 in pepsin-resistant YrAPPA from Y. rohdei. We constructed mutants with different side chain structures at these sites using site-directed mutagenesis and produced all enzymes in Escherichia coli for catalytic and biochemical characterization. The substitutions E230G/A/P/R/S/T/D, L162G/A/V, L99A, L99A/L162G, and L99A/L162G/E230G improved the pepsin resistance. Moreover, E230G/A and L162G/V conferred enhanced pepsin resistance on YkAPPA and YeAPPA, increased their catalytic efficiency 1.3–2.4-fold, improved their stability at 60 °C and pH 1.0–2.0 and alleviated inhibition by metal ions. In addition, E230G increased the ability of YkAPPA and YeAPPA to hydrolyze phytate from corn meal at a high pepsin concentration and low pH, which indicated that optimization of the pepsin cleavage site side chains may enhance the pepsin resistance, improve the stability at acidic pH, and increase the catalytic activity. This study proposes an efficient approach to improve enzyme performance in monogastric animals fed feed with a high phytate content.
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12
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Chen WB, Cheng MJ, Tian YB, Wang QH, Wang B, Li MJ, Fang RJ. Effects of Armillariella tabescens mycelia on the growth performance and intestinal immune response and microflora of early-weaned pigs. Anim Sci J 2017; 88:1388-1397. [PMID: 28183153 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate effects of Armillariella tabescens (A. tabescens) on the growth performance and intestinal immune response and microflora in early-weaned pigs when used as feed additive. A. tabescens mycelia were added to basal diets at concentrations of 0%, 0.1%, 0.3% or 0.9% (w/w). A total of 144 commercial cross-bred piglets were randomly allocated to one of these four diets and fed for 30 days. The growth performance of early-weaned piglets displayed improvement with diets containing 0.1% and 0.3% dried mycelia powder from A. tabescens. Supplementing with 0.1% or 0.3% A. tabescens mycelia induced a 2.6- and three-fold increase in secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) content in the jejunal mucosa, respectively, but had only a marginal effect on sIgA in the ileal mucosa. Expression of interleukin-2, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the jejunal mucosa were elevated with A. tabescens mycelia administration. Increased amounts of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. in the jejunum, and decreased amounts of Escherichia coli in the jejunum and ileum were observed with the administration of A. tabescens-containing diets. This study demonstrated that A. tabescens had beneficial effects on the growth performance and intestinal microflora of early-weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mao-Ji Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yun-Bo Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin-Hua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei-Jun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Re-Jun Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Hu W, Liu X, Li Y, Liu D, Kuang Z, Qian C, Yao D. Rational design for the stability improvement of Armillariella tabescens β-mannanase MAN47 based on N-glycosylation modification. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 97:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Production, properties, and applications of endo-β-mannanases. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:1-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Engineering the thermostability of β-glucuronidase from Penicillium purpurogenum Li-3 by loop transplant. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:9955-9966. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Feng X, Tang H, Han B, Lv B, Li C. Enhancing the Thermostability of β-Glucuronidase by Rationally Redesigning the Catalytic Domain Based on Sequence Alignment Strategy. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Feng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Tang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beijia Han
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Lv
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Niu C, Luo H, Shi P, Huang H, Wang Y, Yang P, Yao B. N-Glycosylation Improves the Pepsin Resistance of Histidine Acid Phosphatase Phytases by Enhancing Their Stability at Acidic pHs and Reducing Pepsin's Accessibility to Its Cleavage Sites. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:1004-1014. [PMID: 26637601 PMCID: PMC4751849 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02881-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Glycosylation can modulate enzyme structure and function. In this study, we identified two pepsin-resistant histidine acid phosphatase (HAP) phytases from Yersinia kristensenii (YkAPPA) and Yersinia rohdei (YrAPPA), each having an N-glycosylation motif, and one pepsin-sensitive HAP phytase from Yersinia enterocolitica (YeAPPA) that lacked an N-glycosylation site. Site-directed mutagenesis was employed to construct mutants by altering the N-glycosylation status of each enzyme, and the mutant and wild-type enzymes were expressed in Pichia pastoris for biochemical characterization. Compared with those of the N-glycosylation site deletion mutants and N-deglycosylated enzymes, all N-glycosylated counterparts exhibited enhanced pepsin resistance. Introduction of the N-glycosylation site into YeAPPA as YkAPPA and YrAPPA conferred pepsin resistance, shifted the pH optimum (0.5 and 1.5 pH units downward, respectively) and improved stability at acidic pH (83.2 and 98.8% residual activities at pH 2.0 for 1 h). Replacing the pepsin cleavage sites L197 and L396 in the immediate vicinity of the N-glycosylation motifs of YkAPPA and YrAPPA with V promoted their resistance to pepsin digestion when produced in Escherichia coli but had no effect on the pepsin resistance of N-glycosylated enzymes produced in P. pastoris. Thus, N-glycosylation may improve pepsin resistance by enhancing the stability at acidic pH and reducing pepsin's accessibility to peptic cleavage sites. This study provides a strategy, namely, the manipulation of N-glycosylation, for improvement of phytase properties for use in animal feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canfang Niu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Luo
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengjun Shi
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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18
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Recent advances in engineering proteins for biocatalysis. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:1273-87. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Improving the specific activity of β-mannanase from Aspergillus niger BK01 by structure-based rational design. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1844:663-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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