Influence of the weight status on bone mineral content and bone mineral density in a group of Lebanese adolescent girls

Effects of the Type of Exercise Training on Bone Health Parameters in Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review

Interventional studies offer strong evidence for exercise's osteogenic impact on bone particularly during growth. With rising osteoporosis rates in older women, enhancing bone strength early in life is crucial. Thus, investigating the osteogenic effects of different types of physical activities in young females is crucial. Despite varied findings, only two systematic reviews tried to explore this topic without examining how different types of exercise may affect bone health in adolescent girls. The first aim of this systematic review was to assess the impact of exercise training on bone health parameters in adolescent girls, and the second aim was to investigate whether the type of exercise training can modulate this effect. A systematic literature search was conducted using common electronic databases from inception - January 2023. Seven studies (355 participants) were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. Two studies dealt with resistance training, 3 studies applied plyometric training, 1 study used team sports, and 1 study used dancing. Results indicate that plyometric training increases lumbar spine bone mass in adolescent girls. Well-designed randomized controlled trials with a proper training period (> 12 weeks) are needed to advocate a specific type of training which has the highest osteogenic effect.

The effects of a 1-year recreational football protocol on bone health parameters in a group of healthy inactive 50-year-old men

The main aim of the current study was to explore the effects of a 1-year recreational football protocol on bone health parameters (bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), femoral neck geometry and composite indices of femoral neck strength) in a group of healthy inactive 50-year-old men. 51 middle-aged men voluntarily participated in this study, but only 41 of them completed it. Thus, the study population included 11 former football (FF) players and 30 inactive men. Inactive men were assigned to 3 different groups: controls (n=10), recreational football 30 (RF30; n=10) and recreational football 60 (RF60; n=10). The RF30 group performed two sessions of recreational football per week; the duration of each session was 30 minutes. The RF60 group performed two sessions of recreational football per week; the duration of each session was 60 minutes. The current study has demonstrated that whole body (WB) BMC, femoral neck BMD, cross-sectional moment of inertia, compression strength index, bending strength index and impact strength index increased in both experimental groups (RF30 and RF60) but not in the control group. The percentages of variations in bone health parameters were not significantly different between RF30 and RF60. In conclusion, this study suggests that recreational football is an effective method to improve bone health parameters in middle-aged men. In the studied population, most of the bone health benefits occurred after a low volume training protocol (2 * 30 minutes of recreational football per week).

Does the severity of obesity influence bone density, geometry and strength in adolescents?

BACKGROUND

Relationships between the severity of obesity and bone health remain underexplored.

OBJECTIVES

To compare whole-body and localized bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS) and hip geometry and strength between adolescents with obesity versus extreme obesity.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 154 adolescents (12-15 years, 62% females) who were classified as having obesity (OG, [95th-99th] percentile) or extreme obesity (EOG, >99th percentile). Fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), BMC, BMD for total-body-less-head (TBLH), lumbar spine (LS), hip, TBS and geometric and strength indices at the narrow-neck (NN), femoral shaft (FS) and intertrochanteric regions (IT) were assessed by Dual-X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA).

RESULTS

There was no significant sex-interaction. For both sexes, TBLH BMC and BMD were not different between groups. TBS was lower in EOG compared with OG in both sexes in univariate analysis and after adjustment with maturation and body weight (p < 0.05). Hip BMD was significantly higher in the EOG compared to OG only after adjustment with maturation and fat mass percentage (p < 0.05 for men, p < 0.01 for women). For both sexes, TBLH, LS and hip BMC and BMD positively correlated with weight, BMI, LM and FM. TBS negatively correlated with BMI-percentile in both sexes, with a negative correlation with FM for males alone. Hip BMC and BMD, BMD, ACT and CSA at the three hip sites positively correlated with BMI-percentile in males.

CONCLUSIONS

Extreme obesity impacts bone health depending on anatomical sites, altering lumbar trabecular bone in both males and females adolescents.

Should pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria be treated with hypocalciuric agents?

BACKGROUND

Hypercalciuria is the most common metabolic risk factor for calcium urolithiasis and is associated with bone loss in adult patients. Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) was already described in idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) children, but the precise mechanisms of bone loss or inadequate bone mass gain remain unknown. Life-long hypercalciuria might be considered a risk to change bone structure and determine low bone mass throughout life. The peak of bone mass should occur without interferences. A beneficial effect of citrate formulations and thiazides on bone mass in adult and pediatric patients with IH have been shown.

AIM

To evaluate whether pharmacological therapy has a beneficial effect on bone mass in children and adolescents with IH.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study evaluated 40 hypercalciuric children non-responsive to lifestyle and diet changes. After a 2-mo run-in period of citrate formulation (Kcitrate) usage, the first bone densitometry (DXA) was ordered. In patients with sustained hypercalciuria, a thiazide diuretic was prescribed. The second DXA was performed after 12 mo. Bone densitometry was performed by DXA at lumbar spine (L2-L4). A 24-h urine (calcium, citrate, creatinine) and blood samples (urea, creatinine, uric acid, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, chloride, hemoglobin) were obtained. Clinical data included age, gender, weight, height and body mass index.

RESULTS

Forty IH children; median age 10.5 year and median time follow-up 6.0 year were evaluated. Nine patients were treated with Kcitrate (G1) and 31 with Kcitrate + thiazide (G2). There were no differences in age, gender, body mass index z-score and biochemical parameters between G1 and G2. There were no increases in total cholesterol, kalemia and magnesemia. Calciuria decreased in both groups after treatment. Lumbar spine BMD z-score increased after thiazide treatment in G2. There was no improvement in G1.

CONCLUSION

Results point to a beneficial effect of thiazide on lumbar spine BMD z-score in children with IH. Further studies are necessary to confirm the results of the present study.

Influence of weight status on bone mineral content measured by DXA in children

INTRODUCTION

Childhood obesity is a public health problem with repercussions in later life. As tissue formation peaks in childhood we determined how weight status influences bone mineral content.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We studied 553 children aged 4-18 years over 10 years (46.8% girls). We measured age, weight, height and through bone densitometry (DXA), bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and waist, arm and hip circumferences. The patients were divided into groups using the body mass index z-score: underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese and very obese.

RESULTS

BMC and BMD values were highest in the normal-weight and overweight groups. Logistic regression showed bone mineralization was inversely associated with waist circumference, the association being positive for weight and age. No differences were found according to sex.

DISCUSSION

Studies of the relationship between weight and bone mineralization report contradictory results, often because of different study designs. Moreover, studies in children are either few or with small samples. Our findings in a large sample show the importance of weight status in bone mineralization given the risk of bone fractures or osteoporosis.

CONCLUSIONS

Weight status influenced bone mineralization. BMC and BMD decreased in children with a higher degree of obesity. Waist circumference correlated negatively with bone mineralization.

Evolution of bone mineral density in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria: a 20-year longitudinal study

BACKGROUND

Several recent studies reported bone mineral density (BMD) reduction in pediatric patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH). This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate BMD evolution in IH patients through three bone densitometry studies conducted over 20 years on average. A second objective was to evaluate urine calcium and citrate excretion during this period.

METHODS

Case notes of 34 patients diagnosed with IH at age 7.9 ± 3, alongside results of two bone densitometry studies, performed at 10.5 ± 2.7 (BMD1) and 14.5 ± 2.7 (BMD2) years of age, were reviewed. Patients underwent a third densitometry study in adulthood (BMD3) aged 28.3 ± 2.9. Mean follow-up duration (time-lapse between BMD1 and BMD3) was 17.7 ± 1.4 years.

RESULTS

Statistically significant differences were found between z-BMD3 (- 0.85 ± 1.10) and z-BMD1 (- 1.47 ± 0.99) (P = 0.001) as well as between z-BMD3 and z-BMD2 (- 1.33 ± 1.20) (P = 0.016). At the end of follow-up, z-BMD3 was superior to z-BMD2 in 23 adult patients (67.6%) and lower in 11 patients (5M, 6F; 32.3%). Both men and women showed increased bone mass over time, although such increases were significant only for women. The gradual decrease observed in calcium/creatinine and citrate/creatinine ratios could be related to improvement in osteoblastic activity and especially reduction in osteoclastic activity.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with IH, BMD improves, which may be related especially to female sex, increment of body mass, and reduction in bone resorption. Upon reaching adulthood, urine calcium and citrate excretion tend to decrease so lithogenic risk still remains. The cause of the latter is unknown, although it likely relates to changes in bone activity.

Calcaneal Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation and Speed of Sound Measurements in a Population of Nigerian Children: Reference Data and the Influence of Sociodemographic Variables

OBJECTIVES

The aim of our study was to establish a reference database of calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and the speed of sound (SOS) in a healthy Nigerian population of children aged 6 to 14 years and also to investigate the influence of sociodemographic and anthropometric variables on them.

METHODS

The BUA and SOS of 1016 healthy children were measured by quantitative ultrasound densitometry. Height and weight were measured with a stadiometer and weighing balance, respectively, whereas the sociodemographic parameters of the participants were collected on a semistructured questionnaire. A multiple regression model using stepwise selection and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between the ultrasound parameters and sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters. Comparisons between various age groups were made by analysis of variance.

RESULTS

The mean BUA and SOS ± SD of the participants were 60.57 ± 16.21 dB/MHz and 1563.48 ± 21.74 m/s, respectively, for boys and 58.18 ± 15.16 dB/MHz and 1560.03 ± 22.32 m/s for girls. The BUA in both sexes was positively influenced by age and weight (P < .05), whereas only the father's educational status was its predictor (P < .05) in the boys. For the girls, the family size and mother's educational status were predictors of the BUA (P < .05). The SOS was marginally influenced by age and family size in the boys (P < .05), whereas the father's educational status was the predictor in the girls.

CONCLUSIONS

The established BUA and SOS values in this study are baseline values, and further study, which would also involve data from a large number of Nigerian children, would be needed to support their effectiveness as reference values.

Association between Anthropometric Indices, Body Composition and Bone Parameters in Thai Female Adolescents

OBJECTIVE

To investigate correlations between anthropometrics and body composition with bone parameters of the whole-body and lumbar spine in non-obese and obese Thai female adolescents.

METHODS

This study was performed in 135 female adolescents aged 15 to 18 y enrolled in secondary schools in southern Thailand. Subjects were grouped into non-obesity (underweight and normal-to-overweight) (BMI < 25) and obesity (BMI ≥ 25) groups. Anthropometric indices for obesity [body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI)] were recorded. Bone parameters (BMC, BMD, and Z-scores) of the whole-body and lumbar spine (L1-L4) and body composition (LBM, BFM, %fat, %lean, and %bone) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Correlations between anthropometrics, body composition, and bone parameters were evaluated and compared between subject groups.

RESULTS

The obesity group had significantly higher means of whole-body BMD, BMC and Z-score than non-obese group (p < 0.05). BMI and BW were positively associated with BFM and %fat (p < 0.05) for non-obese subjects. Obese subjects had greater lumbar spine BMC compared to non-obese subjects. BFM was correlated with whole-body BMC in obese group. BW was a positive determinant of BMC at both sites in all subject groups, particularly for obese subjects; BW had positive associations with all bone parameters at the lumbar spine.

CONCLUSIONS

BW can be used as a determinant of all bone parameters at lumbar spine, and BFM had a positive effect on whole-body BMC in Thai obese female adolescent subjects.

Bone mineral density in patients with multiple sclerosis, hereditary ataxia or hereditary spastic paraplegia after at least 10 years of disease - a case control study

Background

Although disability is considered the main cause of low bone mineral density (BMD) in multiple sclerosis (MS), other factors related to the disease process or treatment could also be involved. The aim of this study was to assess whether patients with MS are more likely to develop low BMD (osteopenia or osteoporosis) than patients with the non-inflammatory neurological diseases Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) and Hereditary Ataxia (HA).

Methods

We performed a case control study comparing BMD (spine, hip and total body) and biochemical measures of bone metabolism in 91 MS patients and 77 patients with HSP or HA, matched for age, gender and disability. Both patient groups had lived with the disease for at least 10 years.

Results

In total 74.7% of the patients with MS and 75.3% of the patients with HSP or HA had osteopenia (−2.5 < T- score < −1.0) or osteoporosis (T- score ≤ −2.5) in one or more sites. Osteoporosis was more common in patients with MS than with HSP/HA (44.0 vs 20.8%, p =0.001). This difference was not significant after correction for confounders (p = 0.07), nor were any of the biochemical markers.

Conclusion

Most patients with disabling neurological diseases like MS and HSP/HA develop osteopenia or osteoporosis. MS patients had osteoporosis more frequently than HA/HSP patients, though the difference was not significant after adjusting for confounders. Osteoporosis and bone health should be considered in all patients with both inflammatory and degenerative chronic neurological diseases.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12883-016-0771-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Physical activity and lifestyle effects on bone mineral density among young adults: sociodemographic and biochemical analysis

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess the possible role of physical activities, calcium consumption and lifestyle factors in both bone mineral density and bone metabolism indices in 350 young adult volunteers. [Subjects and Methods] All volunteers were recruited for the assessment of lifestyle behaviors and physical activity traits using validated questioners, and bone mineral density (BMD), serum osteocalcin (s-OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and calcium were estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analysis, and immunoassay techniques. [Results] Male participants showed a significant increase in BMD along with an increase in bone metabolism markers compared with females in all groups. However, younger subjects showed a significant increase in BMD, OC, BAP, and calcium compared with older subjects. Osteoporosis was more common in older subjects linked with abnormal body mass index and waist circumference. Bone metabolism markers correlated positively with BMD, physically activity and negatively with osteoporosis in all stages. Also, moderate to higher calcium and milk intake correlated positively with higher BMD. However, low calcium and milk intake along with higher caffeine, and carbonated beverage consumption, and heavy cigarette smoking showed a negative effect on the status of bone mineral density. Stepwise regression analysis showed that life style factors including physical activity and demographic parameters explained around 58-69.8% of the bone mineral density variation in young adults especially females. [Conclusion] body mass index, physical activity, low calcium consumption, and abnormal lifestyle have role in bone mineral density and prognosis of osteoporosis in young adults.

Fat mass increase in 7-year-old children: more bone area but lower bone mineral density

The main aims of this study were, to evaluate what effect a change in fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM) has on bone parameters over 2 years' time, in 7-year-old school children and to see what effect fitness had on bone parameters in these children. A repeated-measures design study was conducted where children born in 1999 from six elementary schools in Reykjavik, Iceland were measured twice. All children attending second grade in these six schools were invited to participate. Three hundred twenty-one children were invited, 211 underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at the age of seven, and 164 (78 %) of the 211 had DXA scans again 2 years later. Increase in both FM and LBM was associated with increased total body bone mineral content (BMC) and bone area (BA). An increase in FM was more strongly positively associated with BA while an increase in LBM was more strongly associated with an increase in BMC. An increase in FM was negatively associated with change in bone mineral density (BMD), but an increase in LBM was positively associated with change in BMD. Fitness was positively associated with bone parameters when weight, height and sex were accounted for. The present results suggest that an increase in fat mass over 2 years is associated with an increase in BA and BMC, but a decrease in BMD in the whole body. An increase in LBM accrual, on the other hand, is positively associated with all bone parameters in the body. Fitness is associated with both BMC and BMD but not BA.

Geometric indices of hip bone strength in obese, overweight, and normal-weight adolescent girls

The aim of this study was to compare hip bone strength indices in obese, overweight, and normal-weight adolescent girls using hip structure analysis (HSA). This study included 64 postmenarcheal adolescent girls (14 obese, 21 overweight, and 29 normal weight). The 3 groups (obese, overweight, and normal weight) were matched for maturity (years since menarche). Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) of whole body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). To evaluate hip bone strength, DXA scans were analyzed at the femoral neck (FN) at its narrow neck (NN) region, the intertrochanteric (IT), and the femoral shaft (FS) by the HSA program. Cross-sectional area and section modulus were measured from hip BMD profiles. Total hip BMD and FN BMD were significantly higher in obese and overweight girls in comparison with normal-weight girls (p < 0.05). However, after adjusting for weight, using a one-way analysis of covariance, there were no significant differences among the 3 groups regarding HSA variables. This study suggests that in obese and overweight adolescent girls, axial strength and bending strength indices of the NN, IT, and FS are adapted to the increased body weight.

Densidade mineral óssea associada a características físicas e estilo de vida em adolescentes

INTRODUÇÃO: No Brasil, ainda são poucos os estudos que apresentam dados relevantes sobre fatores relacionados às características físicas ou estilo de vida e a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) de adolescentes do sexo feminino. OBJETIVO: Identificar e verificar a contribuição das características físicas e de estilo de vida relacionadas à DMO de adolescentes do sexo feminino. MÉTODOS: A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 329 meninas com idades entre 10 e 20 anos. Como características físicas, foram avaliados: peso corporal, estatura, índice de massa corporal, estágio de maturação sexual, raça e pigmentação cutânea. Já para o estilo de vida, os seguintes fatores foram avaliados: consumo diário de cálcio, nível de atividade física (NAF) e nível socioeconômico (NSE). A densidade mineral óssea (DMO) do corpo inteiro, da coluna lombar e do colo do fêmur foram avaliados pela densitometria óssea. As relações existentes entre variáveis dependentes e independentes foram avaliadas pela correlação de Pearson (r) e regressão múltipla Stepwise (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: A DMO dos três sítios ósseos tende a aumentar conforme o aumento do peso corporal, estatura, IMC, idade e estágio de maturação sexual (r ≥ 0,43; p < 0,01). Por outro lado, somente o NAF (r = 0,12; p < 0,05) e o NSE (r = 0,14; p < 0,05) correlacionaram-se positivamente com a DMO. O peso corporal, estágio de maturação sexual, idade, consumo de cálcio, NSE e NAF explicaram de 48 a 68% da variação da DMO das adolescentes. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que a utilização de critérios como peso corporal, idade e maturação sexual sejam os mais indicados para controlar as variações da DMO de adolescentes do sexo feminino. Além disso, o NSE, o NAF e o consumo diário de cálcio possuem uma pequena participação na variação da DMO das adolescentes quando comparados com as características físicas.

Geometric indices of hip bone strength in obese, overweight, and normal-weight adolescent boys

The aim of this study was to compare hip bone strength indices in obese, overweight, and normal-weight adolescent boys using hip structure analysis. After adjusting for weight, obese boys displayed lower intertrochanteric cross-sectional moment of inertia and femoral shaft cross-sectional moment of inertia and section modulus in comparison to normal-weight and overweight boys. This study suggests that in obese adolescent boys, femoral shaft bending strength is not adapted to the increased body weight.

INTRODUCTION

The influence of being obese or overweight on bone strength in adolescents remains controversial. The main aim of this study was to compare hip bone strength indices in obese, overweight, and normal-weight adolescent boys using hip structure analysis. The second aim of this study was to explore the influence of lean mass and fat mass on hip bone strength indices in the same population.

METHODS

This study included 70 adolescent boys (25 obese, 25 normal weight, and 20 overweight). The three groups (obese, overweight, and normal weight) were matched for maturity (Tanner stage) and age. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). To evaluate hip bone strength, DXA scans were analyzed at the femoral neck (FN), the intertochanteric (IT), and the femoral shaft (FS) by the Hip Structure Analysis (HSA) program. Cross-sectional area (CSA), an index of axial compression strength, section modulus (Z), an index of bending strength, and cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), an index of structural rigidity were measured from bone mass profiles.

RESULTS

Body weight, lean mass, fat mass and BMI were significantly higher in obese and overweight boys in comparison to normal-weight boys (P < 0.05). Total hip (TH) BMD and femoral neck (FN) BMD were significantly higher in obese and overweight boys in comparison to normal-weight boys (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age or maturation index, obese and overweight boys displayed significantly higher TH and FN BMD, CSA, CSMI, and Z of the three sites (FN, IT, and FS) in comparison to normal-weight boys (P < 0.05). However, after adjusting for weight, obese boys displayed significantly lower IT CSMI and FS CSMI and Z in comparison to normal-weight and overweight boys (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that in obese adolescent boys, intertrochanteric structural rigidity and femoral shaft structural rigidity and bending strength are not adapted to the increased body weight.

Effect of thiazides on bone mineral density in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria

To determine the effect of thiazide treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) and osteopenia, we reviewed the case notes of 22 children aged 11.7 ± 2.7 years diagnosed with IH and osteopenia who had received thiazides for 2.4 years. The data on this group were compared with those of 32 IH children with osteopenia aged 11.2 ± 2.7 years who had not received thiazide treatment. By the end of the follow-up period, the z-BMD had improved spontaneously in 23 of the 32 control children (72%) and in 12 of the 22 patients on thiazides (54%). Although treated patients had a higher body mass index (BMI) and a higher BMD following treatment, the differences became statistically negligible when these parameters were expressed as z-BMD or as bone mineral apparent density (BMAD). In contrast, within the control group, there were significant differences in BMAD and z-BMD at the end of the follow-up. Patients who had an improved z-BMD at the end of the treatment also showed an increase in their BMI. Based on these results, we conclude that thiazide treatment does not improve the z-BMD in children with IH. More than half of the children suffering from IH enrolled in our study showed a spontaneous improvement in their z-BMD, which was more evident when the initial BMAD was not low and when their BMI increased during the follow-up period.

Hip bone strength indices in overweight and control adolescent boys

The influence of being overweight on bone strength in adolescents remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare hip bone strength indices in overweight and control adolescent boys using hip structure analysis (HSA). This study included 25 overweight adolescent boys [body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m(2)] and 31 maturation-matched controls (BMI <25 kg/m(2)). Body composition and bone mineral density were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). To evaluate hip bone strength, DXA scans were analyzed at femoral neck, intertrochanteric, and femoral shaft by the HSA program. Cross-sectional area (CSA), an index of axial compression strength, section modulus (Z), an index of bending strength, cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), cortical thickness (CT), and buckling ratio (BR) were measured from bone mass profiles. Body weight, lean mass, fat mass, and BMI were higher in overweight boys compared to controls (P < 0.001). CSA, CSMI, and Z of the three sites (femoral neck, intertrochanteric, and femoral shaft) were higher in overweight boys compared to controls (P < 0.01). BR was not significantly different between the two groups at the three sites. After adjustment for either body weight, BMI, or fat mass, using a one-way analysis of covariance, there were no differences between the two groups regarding the HSA variables (CSA, Z, CSMI, CT, and BR). After adjusting for lean mass, overweight boys displayed higher values of femoral shaft CSA, CSMI, and Z in comparison to controls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that overweight adolescent boys have greater indices of bone axial and bending strength in comparison to controls at the femoral neck, the intertrochanteric, and the femoral shaft.

Influence of age and morphological characteristics on whole body, lumbar spine, femoral neck and 1/3 radius bone mineral apparent density in a group of Lebanese adolescent boys

The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationships between age, morphological characteristics (weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat and lean mass), daily calcium intake (DCI), physical activity and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) of the whole body (WB), lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck (FN) and 1/3 radius in a group of Lebanese adolescent boys. This study included 60 Lebanese adolescent (16.8 ± 2.1 years old) boys. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). BMAD values of the WB, L2-L4, FN and 1/3 radius were calculated. Physical activity and DCI were assessed using questionnaires. Age was positively related to WB, L2-L4 and 1/3 radius BMD and BMAD. Weight, lean mass and BMI were positively related to WB, L2-L4, FN and 1/3 radius BMD. Moreover, weight, lean mass and BMI were positively associated with L2-L4 and FN BMAD but not with BMAD of the WB and the 1/3 radius, while fat mass percentage was negatively associated with WB BMAD. In conclusion, this study shows that weight, lean mass and BMI are positively associated with BMAD of the weight-bearing bones (L2-L4 and FN) but not with BMAD of the WB and the 1/3 radius in adolescent boys.