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Pacheco BLB, Nogueira CP, Venancio EJ. IgY Antibodies from Birds: A Review on Affinity and Avidity. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3130. [PMID: 37835736 PMCID: PMC10571861 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IgY antibodies are found in the blood and yolk of eggs. Several studies show the feasibility of utilising IgY for immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis. These antibodies have been studied because they fulfil the current needs for reducing, replacing, and improving the use of animals. Affinity and avidity represent the strength of the antigen-antibody interaction and directly influence antibody action. The aim of this review was to examine the factors that influence the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies and the methodologies used to determine these variables. In birds, there are few studies on the maturation of antibody affinity and avidity, and these studies suggest that the use of an adjuvant-type of antigen, the animal lineage, the number of immunisations, and the time interfered with the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies. Regarding the methodologies, most studies use chaotropic agents to determine the avidity index. Studies involving the solution phase and equilibrium titration reactions are also described. These results demonstrate the need for the standardisation of methodologies for the determination of affinity and avidity so that further studies can be performed to optimise the production of high avidity IgY antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Parada Nogueira
- Scientific Initiation Programme, Animal Science Course, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil;
| | - Emerson José Venancio
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil
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2
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Pillai K, Mekkawy AH, Akhter J, Morris DL. Effect of Nebulized BromAc on Rheology of Artificial Sputum: Relevance to Muco-Obstructive Respiratory Diseases. Adv Respir Med 2023; 91:146-163. [PMID: 37102780 PMCID: PMC10135762 DOI: 10.3390/arm91020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis, COPD, and COVID-19 are difficult to treat owing to viscous secretions in the airways that evade mucocilliary clearance. Earlier studies have shown success with BromAc as a mucolytic agent. Hence, we tested the formulation on two gelatinous airway representative sputa models, to determine whether similar efficacy exist. Sputum lodged in an endotracheal tube was treated to aerosol N-acetylcysteine, bromelain, or their combination (BromAc). After measuring the particle size of aerosolized BromAc, the apparent viscosity was measured using a capillary tube method, whilst the sputum flow was assessed using a 0.5 mL pipette. Further, the concentration of the agents in the sputa after treatment were quantified using chromogenic assays. The interaction index of the different formulations was also determined. Results indicated that the mean particle size of BromAc was suitable for aerosol delivery. Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine affected both the viscosities and pipette flow in the two sputa models. BromAc showed a greater rheological effect on both the sputa models compared to individual agents. Further, a correlation was found between the rheological effects and the concentration of agents in the sputa. The combination index using viscosity measurements showed synergy only with 250 µg/mL bromelain + 20 mg/mL NAC whilst flow speed showed synergy for both combinations of bromelain (125 and 250 µg/mL) with 20 mg/mL NAC. Hence, this study indicates that BromAc may be used as a successful mucolytic for clearing airway congestion caused by thick mucinous immobile secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Pillai
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Ahmed H. Mekkawy
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Javed Akhter
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - David L. Morris
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
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3
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Behroozian S, Zlosnik JEA, Xu W, Li LY, Davies JE. Antibacterial Activity of a Natural Clay Mineral against Burkholderia cepacia Complex and Other Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from People with Cystic Fibrosis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010150. [PMID: 36677442 PMCID: PMC9862493 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an impending crisis in healthcare brought about by a new era of untreatable infections caused by bacteria resistant to all available antibiotics. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify novel antimicrobial agents to counter the continuing threat posed by formerly treatable infections. We previously reported that a natural mineral clay known as Kisameet clay (KC) is a potent inhibitor of the organisms responsible for acute infections. Chronic bacterial infections present another major challenge to treatment by antimicrobials, due to their prolonged nature, which results in repeated exposure to antibiotics and a constant selection for antimicrobial resistance. A prime example is bacteria belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), which particularly causes some of the most serious chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) associated with unpredictable clinical outcomes, poor prognosis, and high mortality rates. Eradication of these organisms from CF patients with limited effective antimicrobial options is a major challenge. Novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required. Here, we report the in vitro antibacterial activity of KC aqueous suspensions (1-10% w/v) and its aqueous extract (L100) against a collection of extensively and multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of Bcc, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from patients with CF. These findings present a potential novel therapy for further investigation in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekooh Behroozian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (J.E.D.)
| | - James E. A. Zlosnik
- Centre for Understanding and Preventing Infection in Children, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Wanjing Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Ln, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Loretta Y. Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Ln, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Julian E. Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (J.E.D.)
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4
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Rosalia M, Chiesa E, Tottoli EM, Dorati R, Genta I, Conti B, Pisani S. Tobramycin Nanoantibiotics and Their Advantages: A Minireview. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214080. [PMID: 36430555 PMCID: PMC9692674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a challenge for antibiotic therapy, mostly involving Gram-negative bacteria. Among the strategies activated to overcome AMR, the repurposing of already available antimicrobial molecules by encapsulating them in drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles (NPs) and also engineered NPs, seems to be promising. Tobramycin is a powerful and effective aminoglycoside, approved for complicated infections and reinfections and indicated mainly against Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Providencia, and Citrobacter species. However, the drug presents several side effects, mostly due to dose frequency, and for this reason, it is a good candidate for nanomedicine formulation. This review paper is focused on what has been conducted in the last 20 years for the development of Tobramycin nanosized delivery systems (nanoantibiotics), with critical discussion and comparison. Tobramycin was selected as the antimicrobial drug because it is a wide-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, and it is characterized by a fast bactericidal effect, even against multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Rosalia
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrica Chiesa
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Erika Maria Tottoli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Rossella Dorati
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ida Genta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Bice Conti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-03-8298-7378
| | - Silvia Pisani
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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5
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Antimicrobial peptides for tackling cystic fibrosis related bacterial infections: a review. Microbiol Res 2022; 263:127152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Elastase-Activated Antimicrobial Peptide for a Safer Pulmonary Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030319. [PMID: 35326782 PMCID: PMC8944445 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As bioactive small proteins with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities that are naturally produced by all living organisms, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have a marked potential as next-generation antibiotics. However, their development as antibacterial agents is limited by low stability and cytotoxicity. D-BMAP18, a membrane-permeabilizing antimicrobial peptide composed of D-amino acids, has shown good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities but also a non-negligible cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cell lines. In this study, a prodrug has been developed that extends the peptide with a negatively charged, inactivating sequence containing the cleavage site for neutrophil elastase (NE). The ultimate goal was to allow the activation of D-BMAP18 by endogenous elastase only at the site of infection/inflammation, enabling a slow and targeted release of the pharmacologically active peptide. In vitro activation of Pro-D-BMAP18 was confirmed using purified NE. Its antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities were tested in the presence and absence of elastase and compared to those of the parental form. The prodrug had minimal activity in the absence of elastase, while its proteolysis product retained an appreciable antimicrobial activity but lower cytotoxicity. Moreover, Pro-D-BMAP18 was found to be correctly converted to D-BMAP18 in the presence of CF sputum as a model of the lung environment and showed good antimicrobial activity under these conditions.
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Baldelli A, Etayash H, Oguzlu H, Mandal R, Jiang F, Hancock RE, Pratap-Singh A. Antimicrobial properties of spray-dried cellulose nanocrystals and metal oxide-based nanoparticles-in-microspheres. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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8
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Hill BM, Bisht K, Atkins GR, Gomez AA, Rumbaugh KP, Wakeman CA, Brown AMV. Lysis-Hi-C as a method to study polymicrobial communities and eDNA. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:1029-1042. [PMID: 34669257 PMCID: PMC9215119 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microbes interact in natural communities in a spatially structured manner, particularly in biofilms and polymicrobial infections. While next generation sequencing approaches provide powerful insights into diversity, metabolic capacity, and mutational profiles of these communities, they generally fail to recover in situ spatial proximity between distinct genotypes in the interactome. Hi‐C is a promising method that has assisted in analysing complex microbiomes, by creating chromatin cross‐links in cells, that aid in identifying adjacent DNA, to improve de novo assembly. This study explored a modified Hi‐C approach involving an initial lysis phase prior to DNA cross‐linking, to test whether adjacent cell chromatin can be cross‐linked, anticipating that this could provide a new avenue for study of spatial‐mutational dynamics in structured microbial communities. An artificial polymicrobial mixture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli was lysed for 1–18 h, then prepared for Hi‐C. A murine biofilm infection model was treated with sonication, mechanical lysis, or chemical lysis before Hi‐C. Bioinformatic analyses of resulting Hi‐C interspecies chromatin links showed that while microbial species differed from one another, generally lysis significantly increased links between species and increased the distance of Hi‐C links within species, while also increasing novel plasmid‐chromosome links. The success of this modified lysis‐Hi‐C protocol in creating extracellular DNA links is a promising first step toward a new lysis‐Hi‐C based method to recover genotypic microgeography in polymicrobial communities, with potential future applications in diseases with localized resistance, such as cystic fibrosis lung infections and chronic diabetic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bravada M Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Karishma Bisht
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Georgia Rae Atkins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Amy A Gomez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Kendra P Rumbaugh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Catherine A Wakeman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Amanda M V Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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9
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Elborn JS, Flume PA, Van Devanter DR, Procaccianti C. Management of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection with inhaled levofloxacin in people with cystic fibrosis. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:1087-1104. [PMID: 34384254 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are highly susceptible to bacterial infections of the airways. By adulthood, chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is the most prevalent infective organism and is difficult to eradicate owing to its adaptation to the CF lung microenvironment. Long-term suppressive treatment with inhaled antimicrobials is the standard care for reducing exacerbation frequency, improving quality of life and increasing measures of lung function. Levofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial) has been approved as an inhaled solution in Europe and Canada, for the treatment of adults with CF with chronic P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections. Here, we review the clinical principles relating to the use of inhaled antimicrobials and inhaled levofloxacin for the management of P. aeruginosa infections in patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stuart Elborn
- Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Patrick A Flume
- Departments of Medicine & Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Donald R Van Devanter
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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10
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Abstract
The management of difficult-to-treat acute and chronic respiratory infections (infections in cystic fibrosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, immunocompromised and mechanically ventilated patients) and difficult-to-treat pathogens (including multidrug-resistant strains) has become a challenge in clinical practice. The arsenal of conventional antibiotic drugs can be limited by tissue penetration, toxicities, or increasing antibiotic resistance. Inhaled antimicrobials are an interesting therapeutic approach for optimizing the management of respiratory infections. Due to extensive developments in liposome technology, a number of inhaled liposome-based antibiotic and antifungal formulations are available for human use and many products are undergoing clinical trials. Liposomes are biocompatible, biodegradable, and nontoxic vesicles able to encapsulate and carry antimicrobials, enhancing the therapeutic index of various agents and retention at the desired target within the lung. Liposomes reduce drug toxicity and improve tolerability, leading to better compliance and to decreased respiratory side effects. The aim of this article was to provide an up-to-date overview of nebulized liposomal antimicrobials for lung infections (with a special focus on liposomal amikacin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and amphotericin B for inhalation), discussing the feasibility and therapeutic potential of these new strategies of preventing and treating bacteria, mycobacterial and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bassetti
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy. .,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Antonio Vena
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Russo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maddalena Peghin
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Medicine, University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Udine, Italy
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11
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van Eijk M, van Dijk A, van der Ent CK, Arets HGM, Breukink E, van Os N, Adrichem R, van der Water S, Lino Gómez R, Kristensen M, Hessing M, Jekhmane S, Weingarth M, Veldhuizen RAW, Veldhuizen EJA, Haagsman HP. PepBiotics, novel cathelicidin-inspired antimicrobials to fight pulmonary bacterial infections. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129951. [PMID: 34147544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial peptides are considered potential alternatives to antibiotics. Here we describe the antibacterial properties of a family of novel cathelicidin-related (CR-) peptides, which we named PepBiotics, against bacteria typically present in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. METHODS Broth dilution assays were used to determine antibacterial activity of PepBiotics under physiological conditions, as well as development of bacterial resistance against these peptides. Toxicity was tested in mice and cell cultures while molecular interactions of PepBiotics with bacterial membrane components was determined using CD, ITC and LPS/LTA induced macrophage studies. RESULTS A relatively small number of PepBiotics remained highly antibacterial against CF-related respiratory pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, at high ionic strength and low pH. Interestingly, these PepBiotics also prevented LPS/LTA induced activation of macrophages and was shown to be non-toxic to primary human nasal epithelial cells. Furthermore, both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were unable to induce resistance against CR-163 and CR-172, two PepBiotics selected for their excellent antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Toxicity studies in mice indicated that intratracheal administration of CR-163 was well tolerated in vivo. Finally, interaction of CR-163 with bacterial-type anionic membranes but not with mammalian-type (zwitterionic lipid) membranes was confirmed using ITC and 31P solid state NMR. CONCLUSIONS PepBiotics are a promising novel class of highly active antimicrobial peptides, of which CR-163 showed the most potential for treatment of clinically relevant (CF-) pathogens in physiological conditions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These observations emphasize the therapeutic potential of PepBiotics against CF-related bacterial respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin van Eijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van Dijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis K van der Ent
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hubertus G M Arets
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nico van Os
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Roy Adrichem
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Sven van der Water
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Rita Lino Gómez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Maartje Kristensen
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Hessing
- U-Protein Express B.V., Life Science Incubator, Utrecht Science Park, Yalelaan 62, 3584CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Shehrazade Jekhmane
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Markus Weingarth
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud A W Veldhuizen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Immunology, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Henk P Haagsman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Molecular Host Defence, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
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12
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The Pseudomonas aeruginosa substrate-binding protein Ttg2D functions as a general glycerophospholipid transporter across the periplasm. Commun Biol 2021; 4:448. [PMID: 33837253 PMCID: PMC8035174 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01968-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ttg2D is the soluble periplasmic phospholipid-binding component of an ABC transport system thought to be involved in maintaining the asymmetry of the outer membrane. Here we use the crystallographic structure of Ttg2D at 2.5 Å resolution to reveal that this protein can accommodate four acyl chains. Analysis of the available structures of Ttg2D orthologs shows that they conform a new substrate-binding-protein structural cluster. Native and denaturing mass spectrometry experiments confirm that Ttg2D, produced both heterologously and homologously and isolated from the periplasm, can carry two diacyl glycerophospholipids as well as one cardiolipin. Binding is notably promiscuous, allowing the transport of various molecular species. In vitro binding assays coupled to native mass spectrometry show that binding of cardiolipin is spontaneous. Gene knockout experiments in P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant strains reveal that the Ttg2 system is involved in low-level intrinsic resistance against certain antibiotics that use a lipid-mediated pathway to permeate through membranes. Yero et al. elucidate the function of Ttg2D, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa periplasmic protein, in maintaining phospholipid asymmetry between the outer and inner membrane. Gram negative bacteria have inner and outer membranes that differ in phospholipd composition. Using X-ray crystallography and mass spectrometry, the authors show that Ttg2D can carry two diacyl glycerophospholipids or a cardiolipin. The authors also identify a role for Ttg2D in resistance against antibiotics that use a lipid-mediated pathway into the cell.
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IgY antibodies against Ebola virus possess post-exposure protection in a murine pseudovirus challenge model and excellent thermostability. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008403. [PMID: 33711011 PMCID: PMC7990235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is one of the most virulent pathogens that causes hemorrhagic fever and displays high mortality rates and low prognosis rates in both humans and nonhuman primates. The post-exposure antibody therapies to prevent EBOV infection are considered effective as of yet. However, owing to the poor thermal stability of mammalian antibodies, their application in the tropics has remained limited. Therefore, a thermostable therapeutic antibody against EBOV was developed modelled on the poultry(chicken) immunoglobulin Y (IgY). The IgY antibodies retaining their neutralising activity at 25°C for one year, displayed excellent thermal stability, opposed to conventional polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Laying hens were immunised with a variety of EBOV vaccine candidates and it was confirmed that VSVΔG/EBOVGP encoding the EBOV glycoprotein could induce high titer neutralising antibodies against EBOV. The therapeutic efficacy of immune IgY antibodies in vivo was evaluated in the newborn Balb/c mice who have been challenged with the VSVΔG/EBOVGP model. Mice that have been challenged with a lethal dose of the pseudovirus were treated 2 or 24 h post-infection with different doses of anti-EBOV IgY. The group receiving a high dose of 106 NAU/kg (neutralising antibody units/kilogram) showed complete protection with no symptoms of a disease, while the low-dose group was only partially protected. Conversely, all mice receiving naive IgY died within 10 days. In conclusion, the anti-EBOV IgY exhibits excellent thermostability and protective efficacy. Anti-EBOV IgY shows a lot of promise in entering the realm of efficient Ebola virus treatment regimens. Despite the amount of efficient Ebola virus therapeutic antibodies reported in recent years, their application in tropical endemic areas has remained limited due to the low thermal stability of mammalian antibodies. A highly thermostable therapeutic polyclonal antibody against EBOV was developed based on chicken immunoglobulin Y (IgY). The EBOV specific IgY antibodies displayed excellent thermal stability, retaining their neutralising activity at 25°C for one year. The newborn mice receiving the passive transfer of IgY achieved complete protection against a lethal dose of virus challenge proving that the anti-EBOV IgY provides a promising recourse to solve some of the current clinical application hindrances of Ebola antibody-based treatments in Africa due to thermal stability.
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14
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Bianchera A, Buttini F, Bettini R. Micro/nanosystems and biomaterials for controlled delivery of antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 30:983-1000. [PMID: 33078643 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1839415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microbial resistance is a severe problem for clinical practice due to misuse of antibiotics that promotes the development of surviving strategies by bacteria and fungi. Microbial cells surrounded by a self-produced polymer matrix, defined as biofilms, are inherently more difficult to eradicate. Biofilms endow bacteria with a unique resistance against antibiotics and other anti-microbial agents and play a crucial role in chronic infection. AREAS COVERED Biofilm-associated antimicrobial resistance in the lung and wounds. Existing inhaled therapies for treatment of biofilm-associated lung infections. Role of pharmaceutical nanotechnologies to fight resistant microbes and biofilms. EXPERT OPINION The effectiveness of antibiotics has gradually decreased due to the onset of resistance phenomena. The formation of biofilms represents one of the most important steps in the development of resistance to antimicrobial treatment. The most obvious solution for overcoming this criticality would be the discovery of new antibiotics. However, the number of new molecules with antimicrobial activity brought into clinical development has considerably decreased. In the last decades the development of innovative drug delivery systems, in particular those based on nanotechnological platforms, has represented the most effective and economically affordable approach to optimize the use of available antibiotics, improving their effectiveness profile. Abbreviations AZT: Aztreonam; BAT: Biofilm antibiotic tolerance; CF: Cystic Fibrosis; CIP: Ciprofloxacin; CRS: Chronic Rhinosinusitis; DPPG: 1,2-dipalmytoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol; DSPC: 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine sodium salt; EPS: extracellular polymeric substance; FEV1: Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second; GSNO: S-nitroso-glutathione; LAE: lauroyl arginate ethyl; MIC: Minimum inhibitory Concentration; NCFB: Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis; NTM: Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria; NTM-LD: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria Lung Disease PA: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; pDMAEMA: poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate);pDMAEMA-co-PAA-co-BMA: poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-co-propylacrylic acid-co-butyl methacrylate; PEG: polyethylene glycol; PEGDMA: polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate;PCL: Poly-ε-caprolactone; PLA: poly-lactic acid; PLGA: poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid; PVA: poli-vinyl alcohol; SA: Staphylococcus aureus; TIP: Tobramycin Inhalation Powder; TIS: Tobramycin Inhalation Solution; TPP: Tripolyphosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruggero Bettini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma , Parma, Italy
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15
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Somayaji R, Nichols DP, Bell SC. Cystic fibrosis - Ten promising therapeutic approaches in the current era of care. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1107-1124. [PMID: 32744089 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1805733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease affecting multiple organ systems. Research and innovations in novel therapeutic agents and health care delivery have resulted in dramatic improvements in quality of life and survival for people with CF. Despite this, significant disease burden persists for many and this is compounded by disparities in treatment access and care which globally necessitates further work to improve outcomes. Because of the advent of numerous therapies which include gene-targeted modulators in parallel with specialized care delivery models, innovative efforts continue. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the available data on investigational agents in clinical development and currently available treatments for CF. We also evaluate approaches to care delivery, consider treatment gaps, and propose future directions for advancement. EXPERT OPINION Since the discovery of the CF gene, CFTR modulators have provided a hallmark of success, even though it was thought not previously possible. This has led to reinvigorated efforts and innovations in treatment approaches and care delivery. Numerous challenges remain because of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, access issues, and therapeutic costs, but the collaborative approach between stakeholders for continued innovation fuels optimism. Abbreviations: CF cystic fibrosis; CFF Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (USA); CFTR cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator; CRISPR clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; COX cyclo oxygenase; FDA US Food and Drug Administration; FEV1% forced expiratory volume in one second % predicted; F508del deletion of phenylalanine (F) in the 508th position (most common mutation); G551D substitution of the amino acid glycine by aspartate at position 551 in the nucleotide binding domain-1 of the CFTR gene; LMIC low- and middle-income country; LTB4 leukotriene B4; MDT multi-disciplinary care team; NO nitric oxide; NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SLPI secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjani Somayaji
- Departments of Medicine; Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Disease; Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases , Calgary, AB, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health , Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dave P Nichols
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital , Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington , Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Research Institute , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott C Bell
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Children's Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute , Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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16
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates From a Cohort of Mexican Children With Cystic Fibrosis Show Adaptation to a Chronic Phenotype. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2020; 39:899-906. [PMID: 32453200 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term persistence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lung of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with progressive selection of diverse genotypes and phenotypes. This bacterial adaptation leads to chronic infection and increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence, clonal relatedness, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence-associated phenotypes of P. aeruginosa isolates in a cohort of 50 Mexican children with CF-associated chronic lung infection. METHODS Clonal relatedness of P. aeruginosa isolates was verified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by an automated system that performs bacterial identificación and antibiotic susceptibility testing (VITEK 2) and/or broth microdilution method. Biofilm formation was quantified with the crystal violet method; swarming motility was measured on soft agar, and susceptibility to normal human serum determined by reduction of colony formed units (CFUs). RESULTS High prevalence of P. aeruginosa colonization among Mexican children with CF was confirmed; 20% (10/49) of clones identified showed a multidrug-resistant phenotype and 8.2% (4/49) an extensive drug resistance phenotype; 26.5% (13/49) of the isolates were resistant to colistin, 42.9% (21/49) presented a phenotype of adaptation associated with chronic infection and 79.6% (39/49) showed increased ability to survive in normal human serum. CONCLUSIONS This cohort of children with CF reveals that colonizing P. aeruginosa strains predominantly display resistance to several first-line antibiotics, although most isolates were susceptible to meropenem and tobramycin; 42.9% of isolates showed a phenotype consistent with adaptation to chronic lung infection.
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17
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Silva E, Monteiro R, Grainha T, Alves D, Pereira MO, Sousa AM. Fostering Innovation in the Treatment of Chronic Polymicrobial Cystic Fibrosis-Associated Infections Exploring Aspartic Acid and Succinic Acid as Ciprofloxacin Adjuvants. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:441. [PMID: 32974221 PMCID: PMC7481398 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) disease provokes the accumulation of thick and viscous sputum in the lungs, favoring the development of chronic and polymicrobial infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main bacterium responsible for these chronic infections, and much of the difficulty involved in eradicating it is due to biofilm formation. However, this could be mitigated using adjuvant compounds that help or potentiate the antibiotic action. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to search for substances that function as adjuvants and also as biofilm-controlling compounds, preventing or dismantling P. aeruginosa biofilms formed in an in vitro CF airway environment. Dual combinations of compounds with subinhibitory (1 and 2 mg/L) and inhibitory concentrations (4 mg/L) of ciprofloxacin were tested to inhibit the bacterial growth and biofilm formation (prophylactic approach) and to eradicate 24-h-old P. aeruginosa populations, including planktonic cells and biofilms (treatment approach). Our results revealed that aspartic acid (Asp) and succinic acid (Suc) restored ciprofloxacin action against P. aeruginosa. Suc combined with 2 mg/L of ciprofloxacin (Suc-Cip) was able to eradicate bacteria, and Asp combined with 4 mg/L of ciprofloxacin (Asp–Cip) seemed to eradicate the whole 24-h-old populations, including planktonic cells and biofilms. Based on biomass depletion data, we noted that Asp induced cell death and Suc seemed somehow to block or reduce the expression of ciprofloxacin resistance. As far as we know, this kind of action had not been reported up till now. The presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Burkholderia cenocepacia did not affect the efficacy of the Asp–Cip and Suc–Cip therapies against P. aeruginosa and, also important, P. aeruginosa depletion from polymicrobial communities did not create a window of opportunity for these species to thrive. Rather the contrary, Asp and Suc also improved ciprofloxacin action against B. cenocepacia. Further studies on the cytotoxicity using lung epithelial cells indicated toxicity of Suc–Cip caused by the Suc. In conclusion, we provided evidences that Asp and Suc could be potential ciprofloxacin adjuvants to eradicate P. aeruginosa living within polymicrobial communities. Asp–Cip and Suc–Cip could be promising therapeutic options to cope with CF treatment failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Silva
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rosana Monteiro
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Tânia Grainha
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana Alves
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Olivia Pereira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Sousa
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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18
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Novel Aminoglycoside-Tolerant Phoenix Colony Variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.00623-20. [PMID: 32540981 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00623-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen and is known to produce biofilms. We previously showed the emergence of colony variants in the presence of tobramycin-loaded calcium sulfate beads. In this study, we characterized the variant colonies, which survived the antibiotic treatment, and identified three distinct phenotypes-classically resistant colonies, viable but nonculturable colonies (VBNC), and phoenix colonies. Phoenix colonies, described here for the first time, grow out of the zone of clearance of antibiotic-loaded beads from lawn biofilms while there are still very high concentrations of antibiotic present, suggesting an antibiotic-resistant phenotype. However, upon subculturing of these isolates, phoenix colonies return to wild-type levels of antibiotic susceptibility. Compared with the wild type, phoenix colonies are morphologically similar aside from a deficiency in green pigmentation. Phoenix colonies do not recapitulate the phenotype of any previously described mechanisms of resistance, tolerance, or persistence and, thus, form a novel group with their own phenotype. Growth under anaerobic conditions suggests that an alternative metabolism could lead to the formation of phoenix colonies. These findings suggest that phoenix colonies could emerge in response to antibiotic therapies and lead to recurrent or persistent infections, particularly within biofilms where microaerobic or anaerobic environments are present.
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19
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Mitri C, Xu Z, Bardin P, Corvol H, Touqui L, Tabary O. Novel Anti-Inflammatory Approaches for Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease: Identification of Molecular Targets and Design of Innovative Therapies. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1096. [PMID: 32848733 PMCID: PMC7396676 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disorder among Caucasians, estimated to affect more than 70,000 people in the world. Severe and persistent bronchial inflammation and chronic bacterial infection, along with airway mucus obstruction, are hallmarks of CF lung disease and participate in its progression. Anti-inflammatory therapies are, therefore, of particular interest for CF lung disease. Furthermore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in airway infection and inflammation in CF has led to the development of new therapeutic approaches that are currently under evaluation by clinical trials. These new strategies dedicated to CF inflammation are designed to treat different dysregulated aspects such as oxidative stress, cytokine secretion, and the targeting of dysregulated pathways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to abnormal lung inflammation in CF, as well as the new anti-inflammatory strategies proposed to CF patients by exploring novel molecular targets and novel drug approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Mitri
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France
| | - Zhengzhong Xu
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France.,Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pauline Bardin
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France
| | - Harriet Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France.,Département de Pédiatrie Respiratoire, Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France.,Equipe Mucoviscidose et Bronchopathies Chroniques, Département Santé Globale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Tabary
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France
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20
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Ahmadbeigi Y, Chirani AS, Soleimani N, Mahdavi M, Goudarzi M. Immunopotentiation of the engineered low-molecular-weight pilin targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A combination of immunoinformatics investigation and active immunization. Mol Immunol 2020; 124:70-82. [PMID: 32540517 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Several vaccine candidates have been introduced for immunization against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Despite extensive efforts in recent decades, there is no accurate immunogenic candidate against this pathogen in the market yet. Due to the rapid increase in several drug-resistant strains, P. aeruginosa has caused various health concerns worldwide. It encodes many specific virulence features, which can be used as an appropriate vaccine candidate. The primary stage of the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa is the expression of many dynamic adhesive molecules, such as type IV pili (T4P), which acts as a principal colonization factor. It has been confirmed that three different subtypes of T4P, including type IVa (T4aP), type IVb (T4bP) and tight adherence (Tad) pili are expressed by P. aeruginosa. The IVa fimbriae type is almost the main cause of challenges to design an effective pili based-immunotherapy method. Nevertheless, in terms of heterogeneity, variability and hidden conserved binding site of T4aP, this attitude has been remained controversial and there is no permitted human study based on IVa pilin commercially. The engineered synthetic peptide-based vaccines are highly talented to mimic the target. In this research, for the first time, some dominant immunogenic features of the Flp protein, such as both B- and T-cell-associated epitopes, presence of IgE-associated epitopes, solvent-accessible surface area were evaluated by analytical immunoinformatics methods. In addition, we designed the engineered Flp pilin as an effective immunogenic substance against several clinically important P. aeruginosa strains. Moreover, by practical active immunization approaches, the humoral and cellular immune response against the extremely conserved region of the engineered synthetic Flp (EFlp) formulated in Montanide ISA 266 compared to the control group. The results of active immunization against EFlp significantly signified that EFlp-Montanide ISA 266 (EFLP-M) strongly could induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. We concluded that Flp pilin has therapeutic potential against numerous clinically significant P. aeruginosa strains and can be served as a novel immunogen for further investigations for development of effective immunotherapy methods against P. aeruginosa as a dexterous pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Ahmadbeigi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Salimi Chirani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Soleimani
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Mahdavi
- Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunotherapy Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Science (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Departments of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Chanasit W, Gonzaga ZJC, Rehm BHA. Analysis of the alginate O-acetylation machinery in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2179-2191. [PMID: 31900562 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
O-acetylation of alginate produced by the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly contributes to its pathogenesis. Three proteins, AlgI, AlgJ and AlgF have been implicated to form a complex and act together with AlgX for O-acetylation of alginate. AlgI was proposed to transfer the acetyl group across the cytoplasmic membrane, while periplasmic AlgJ was hypothesised to transfer the acetyl group to AlgX that acetylates alginate. To elucidate the proposed O-acetylation multiprotein complex, isogenic knockout mutants of algI, algJ and algF genes were generated in the constitutively alginate overproducing P. aeruginosa PDO300 to enable mutual stability studies. All knockout mutants were O-acetylation negative and complementation with the respective genes in cis or trans restored O-acetylation of alginate. Interestingly, only the AlgF deletion impaired alginate production suggesting a link to the alginate polymerisation/secretion multiprotein complex. Mutual stability experiments indicated that AlgI and AlgF interact independent of AlgJ as well as impact on stability of the alginate polymerisation/secretion multiprotein complex. Deletion of AlgJ did not destabilise AlgX and vice versa. When the alginate polymerase, Alg8, was absent, then AlgI and AlgF stability was strongly impaired supporting a link of the O-acetylation machinery with alginate polymerisation. Pull-down experiments suggested that AlgI interacts with AlgJ, while AlgF interacts with AlgJ and AlgI. Overall, these results suggested that AlgI-AlgJ-AlgF form a multiprotein complex linked via Alg8 to the envelope-spanning alginate polymerisation/secretion multiprotein complex to mediate O-acetylation of nascent alginate. Here, we provide the first insight on how the O-acetylation machinery is associated with alginate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wankuson Chanasit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Pa Phayom, Patthalung, 93210, Thailand
| | - Zennia Jean C Gonzaga
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Don Young Road, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Don Young Road, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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22
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive, inherited congenital disease caused by the mutation of the family autosomal CF gene, with cumulative exocrine secretion characterized by inflammation, tracheal remodeling, and mucus accumulation. With the development of modern medical technology, CF patients are living longer lives and receiving more and more treatments, including traditional drugs, physical therapy, and gene therapy. Exercise is widely used to prevent and treat metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Regular exercise is beneficial to aerobic capacity and lung health. Exercise therapy has been of great interest since people realized that CF can be affected by exercise. Exercise alone can be used as an ACT (airway clearance technique), which promotes the removal of mucosal cilia. Exercise therapy is more easily accepted by any society, which helps to normalize the lives of CF patients, rather than placing a psychological burden on them. In this chapter, we will review the latest research progress about exercise in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengguang Ding
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chongjun Zhong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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23
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Thompson R, Stephenson D, Sykes HE, Perry JD, Stanforth SP, Dean JR. Detection of β-alanyl aminopeptidase as a biomarker for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis using exogenous volatile organic compound evolution. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10634-10645. [PMID: 35492910 PMCID: PMC9051645 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08386c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel, rapid and sensitive analytical method has been developed and applied to 105 sputum samples from patients with cystic fibrosis, including 5 samples from post-lung transplant patients. This new method is specifically targeted to measure β-alanyl aminopeptidase activity which is characteristic of some important Gram-negative pathogens. Of relevance to this study are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and pathogens of the Burkholderia cepacia complex both of which are commonly associated with respiratory infections as well as increased morbidity and mortality in adult cystic fibrosis patients. The analytical method involves the addition of a novel enzyme substrate (i.e. 3-amino-N-(3-fluorophenyl)propanamide) that interacts with β-alanyl aminopeptidase to generate an exogenous volatile organic compound 3-fluoroaniline (LOD 0.02 μg mL−1; LOQ 0.06 μg mL−1). 3-Fluoroaniline was determined at 20 times above its calculated limit of quantification in the sputum samples by HS-SPME-GC-MS and then the results compared with standard culture methods and bacterial identification using MALDI-TOF-MS. Detection of 3-fluoroaniline was possible after only 8 h incubation of the sputum samples with a 95% success rate; this increased to 100% at 24 h which was well within the typical routine timeframe of 48 h. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of detection of P. aeruginosa by use of a custom-designed substrate to liberate a detectable and unique VOC. The very high negative predictive value (100% in this study) means such an assay could be appropriate as a screening technique for patients who are not yet colonized by this pathogen. A novel, rapid and sensitive analytical method has been developed and applied to 105 sputum samples from patients with cystic fibrosis, including 5 samples from post-lung transplant patients.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Thompson
- Department of Applied Sciences
- Northumbria University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
| | - Dominic Stephenson
- Department of Applied Sciences
- Northumbria University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
- Department of Microbiology
| | - Hannah E. Sykes
- Department of Applied Sciences
- Northumbria University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
| | - John D. Perry
- Department of Microbiology
- Freeman Hospital
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
| | | | - John R. Dean
- Department of Applied Sciences
- Northumbria University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
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24
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Maisetta G, Grassi L, Esin S, Kaya E, Morelli A, Puppi D, Piras M, Chiellini F, Pifferi M, Batoni G. Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Sputum of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Patients with a Combinatorial Strategy Having Antibacterial and Anti-Virulence Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010069. [PMID: 31861859 PMCID: PMC6981532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) patients, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major opportunistic pathogen, frequently involved in chronic infections of the lower airways. Infections by this bacterial species correlates with a worsening clinical prognosis and recalcitrance to currently available therapeutics. The antimicrobial peptide, lin-SB056-1, in combination with the cation chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), was previously demonstrated to be bactericidal against P. aeruginosa in an artificial sputum medium. The purpose of this study was to validate the anti-P. aeruginosa activity of such a combination in PCD sputum and to evaluate the in vitro anti-virulence effects of EDTA. In combination with EDTA, lin-SB056-1 was able to significantly reduce the load of endogenous P. aeruginosa ex vivo in the sputum of PCD patients. In addition, EDTA markedly reduced the production of relevant bacterial virulence factors (e.g., pyocyanin, proteases, LasA) in vitro by two representative mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from the sputum of PCD patients. These results indicate that the lin-SB056-1/EDTA combination may exert a dual antimicrobial and anti-virulence action against P. aeruginosa, suggesting a therapeutic potential against chronic airway infections sustained by this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppantonio Maisetta
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.E.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-2213692; Fax: +39-050-2213711
| | - Lucia Grassi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.E.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Semih Esin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.E.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Esingül Kaya
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.E.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Andrea Morelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (D.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Dario Puppi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (D.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Martina Piras
- Section of Pneumology and Allergology, Unit of Pediatrics, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Federica Chiellini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (D.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Massimo Pifferi
- Section of Pneumology and Allergology, Unit of Pediatrics, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Giovanna Batoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.E.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
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25
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Clark ST, Guttman DS, Hwang DM. Diversification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa within the cystic fibrosis lung and its effects on antibiotic resistance. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:4834010. [PMID: 29401362 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution and diversification of bacterial pathogens within human hosts represent potential barriers to the diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening infections. Tremendous genetic and phenotypic diversity is characteristic of host adaptation in strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that infect the airways of individuals with chronic lung diseases and prove to be extremely difficult to eradicate. In this MiniReview, we examine recent advances in understanding within-host diversity and antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa populations from the lower airways of individuals with the fatal genetic disease cystic fibrosis and the potential impacts that this diversity may have on detecting and interpreting antimicrobial susceptibility within these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn T Clark
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 101 College Street, PMCRT - MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - David S Guttman
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5, Canada.,Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - David M Hwang
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 101 College Street, PMCRT - MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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Memariani H, Memariani M, Ghasemian A. An overview on anti-biofilm properties of quercetin against bacterial pathogens. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:143. [PMID: 31493142 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates enclosed in a self-created biopolymer matrix. Biofilm-producing bacteria have become a great public health problem worldwide because biofilms enable these microorganisms to evade several clearance mechanisms produced by host and synthetic sources. Over the past years, different flavonoids including quercetin have engrossed considerable interest among researchers owing to their potential anti-biofilm properties. To our knowledge, there is no review regarding effects of quercetin towards bacterial biofilms, prompting us to summarize experimental evidence on its anti-biofilm properties. Quercetin inhibits biofilm development by a diverse array of bacterial pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Prevention of bacterial adhesion, suppression of quorum-sensing pathways, disruption or alteration of plasma membrane, inhibition of efflux pumps, and blocking nucleic acid synthesis have been documented as major anti-biofilm mechanisms of quercetin. Overall, anti-biofilm activity of quercetin can open up new horizons in a wide range of biomedical areas, from food industry to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Memariani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Memariani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kiymaci ME, Gumustas M, Altanlar N, Akin A, Zenciroglu A, Ozkan SA. Determination of Probiotic Abilities and Lactic Acid Content of Pediococcus acidilactici. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180912130839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Probiotics are living microorganisms that have a healthy influence on a host.Objective:The aim of this study was to isolate a probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici strain from newborn faeces and develop and optimize a selective high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination and validation of its lactic acid content and also evaluate some probiotic characteristics.Methods:Isolated strains were identified by the API 50 CH system and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis and tested for antibiotic susceptibility, bile salt tolerance, low pH resistance, proteolytic, haemolytic activity, as well as the production of bacteriocin, hydrogen peroxide, and lactic acid. Antimicrobial activity of selected strain against standard test microorganisms was determined by the spot lawn method and the quantitation of lactic acid was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography on a Rezex ROA organic acid (300x7.8 mm) analytical column.Results:P. acidilactici M7 strain was evaluated as a potential probiotic due to its ability to survive at low pH values or in the presence of pepsin, pancreatin, and bile salts. The lactic acid amount of strain was found in the range between 5.59-5.94 mg mL-1 by HPLC. M7 strain was also found to be resistant to vancomycin, had no bacteriocin, and hydrogen peroxide production and was able to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis by its lactic acid content.Conclusion:This study explains a simple, selective, and fully validated procedure for the determination of lactic acid from probiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Eylul Kiymaci
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gumustas
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Department of Forensic Toxicology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurten Altanlar
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Akin
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Zenciroglu
- Neonatology, Ankara Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A. Ozkan
- Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Cutone A, Lepanto MS, Rosa L, Scotti MJ, Rossi A, Ranucci S, De Fino I, Bragonzi A, Valenti P, Musci G, Berlutti F. Aerosolized Bovine Lactoferrin Counteracts Infection, Inflammation and Iron Dysbalance in A Cystic Fibrosis Mouse Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Chronic Lung Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092128. [PMID: 31052156 PMCID: PMC6540064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder affecting several organs including airways. Bacterial infection, inflammation and iron dysbalance play a major role in the chronicity and severity of the lung pathology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional iron-chelating glycoprotein of innate immunity, in a CF murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic lung infection. To induce chronic lung infection, C57BL/6 mice, either cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-deficient (Cftrtm1UNCTgN(FABPCFTR)#Jaw) or wild-type (WT), were intra-tracheally inoculated with multidrug-resistant MDR-RP73 P. aeruginosa embedded in agar beads. Treatments with aerosolized bovine Lf (bLf) or saline were started five minutes after infection and repeated daily for six days. Our results demonstrated that aerosolized bLf was effective in significantly reducing both pulmonary bacterial load and infiltrated leukocytes in infected CF mice. Furthermore, for the first time, we showed that bLf reduced pulmonary iron overload, in both WT and CF mice. In particular, at molecular level, a significant decrease of both the iron exporter ferroportin and iron storage ferritin, as well as luminal iron content was observed. Overall, bLf acts as a potent multi-targeting agent able to break the vicious cycle induced by P. aeruginosa, inflammation and iron dysbalance, thus mitigating the severity of CF-related pathology and sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy.
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Stefania Lepanto
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Luigi Rosa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mellani Jinnett Scotti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alice Rossi
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Serena Ranucci
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Ida De Fino
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Bragonzi
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Piera Valenti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Musci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy.
| | - Francesca Berlutti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Klockgether J, Cramer N, Fischer S, Wiehlmann L, Tümmler B. Long-Term Microevolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Differs between Mildly and Severely Affected Cystic Fibrosis Lungs. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 59:246-256. [PMID: 29470920 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0356oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic airway infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa determine morbidity in most individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). P. aeruginosa may persist for decades in CF lungs, which provides a rare opportunity to study the long-term within-host evolution of a bacterial airway pathogen. In this work, we sought to resolve the genetic adaptation of P. aeruginosa in CF lungs from the onset of colonization until the patient's death or permanent replacement by another P. aeruginosa clone. We followed the microevolution of the first persisting P. aeruginosa clone by whole-genome sequencing of serial isolates from highly divergent clinical courses of airway infection, i.e., a fatal outcome because of respiratory insufficiency within less than 15 years, or a rather normal daily life 25-35 years after acquisition of P. aeruginosa. Nonneutral mutations predominantly emerged in P. aeruginosa genes relevant for protection against and communication with signals from the lung environment, i.e., antibiotic resistance, cell wall components, and two-component systems. Drastic and loss-of-function mutations preferentially happened during the severe courses of infection, and the bacterial lineages of the mild courses more proficiently incorporated extra metabolic genes into their accessory genome. P. aeruginosa followed different evolutionary paths depending on whether the bacterium had taken up residence in a patient with CF and normal or already compromised lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Klockgether
- 1 Clinical Research Group "Molecular Pathology of Cystic Fibrosis," Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, and
| | - Nina Cramer
- 1 Clinical Research Group "Molecular Pathology of Cystic Fibrosis," Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, and
| | - Sebastian Fischer
- 1 Clinical Research Group "Molecular Pathology of Cystic Fibrosis," Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, and
| | - Lutz Wiehlmann
- 1 Clinical Research Group "Molecular Pathology of Cystic Fibrosis," Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, and.,2 Research Core Unit Genomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Burkhard Tümmler
- 1 Clinical Research Group "Molecular Pathology of Cystic Fibrosis," Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, and.,3 Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
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30
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Maiden MM, Zachos MP, Waters CM. The ionophore oxyclozanide enhances tobramycin killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms by permeabilizing cells and depolarizing the membrane potential. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 74:894-906. [PMID: 30624737 PMCID: PMC6735725 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the ability of oxyclozanide to enhance tobramycin killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and elucidate its mechanism of action. METHODS Twenty-four hour biofilms formed by the P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 and cystic fibrosis (CF) isolates were tested for susceptibility to oxyclozanide and tobramycin killing using BacTiter-Glo™ and cfu. Biofilm dispersal was measured using crystal violet staining. Membrane potential and permeabilization were quantified using DiOC2(3) and TO-PRO-3, respectively. RESULTS Here we show that the ionophore anthelmintic oxyclozanide, combined with tobramycin, significantly increased killing of P. aeruginosa biofilms over each treatment alone. This combination also significantly accelerated the killing of cells within biofilms and stationary phase cultures and it was effective against 4/6 CF clinical isolates tested, including a tobramycin-resistant strain. Oxyclozanide enhanced the ability of additional aminoglycosides and tetracycline to kill P. aeruginosa biofilms. Finally, oxyclozanide permeabilized cells within the biofilm, reduced the membrane potential and increased tobramycin accumulation within cells of mature P. aeruginosa biofilms. CONCLUSIONS Oxyclozanide enhances aminoglycoside and tetracycline activity against P. aeruginosa biofilms by reducing membrane potential, permeabilizing cells and enhancing tobramycin accumulation within biofilms. We propose that oxyclozanide counteracts the adaptive resistance response of P. aeruginosa to aminoglycosides, increasing both their maximum activity and rate of killing. As oxyclozanide is widely used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of parasitic worm infections, this combination could offer a new approach for the treatment of biofilm-based P. aeruginosa infections, repurposing oxyclozanide as an anti-biofilm agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Maiden
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mitchell P Zachos
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christopher M Waters
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Das S, Maharana J, Mohanty S, Subuddhi U. Spectroscopic and computational insights into theophylline/β-cyclodextrin complexation: inclusion accomplished by diverse methods. J Microencapsul 2019; 35:667-679. [PMID: 30669907 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1572239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Current scenario in asthmatic prevalence worldwide calls for a facile, cost-effective, and energy efficient methodology to formulate the potent bronchodilator, theophylline (THP), into an effective dosage forms. Since the uses of THP are severely impeded by its poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability, solid inclusion complexes (ICs) of THP in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were prepared to overcome the limitations. The ICs were developed by conventional methods and also by microwave irradiation method, which is environmentally more benign and requires lesser reaction time. The complexation phenomenon was effectual by the co-precipitation, freeze-drying, and microwave methods as affirmed from various spectroscopic analyses. 1H NMR and molecular docking studies illustrated the total inclusion of THP into β-CD cavity. Better efficacy of the microwaved product was witnessed in terms of drug content, dissolution, and anti-biofilm activities. Thus microwave irradiation can be utilised as a naive and economical methodology to design β-CD-THP dosage formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhraseema Das
- a Department of Chemistry , National Institute of Technology Rourkela , Rourkela , India
| | - Jitendra Maharana
- b Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Distributed Information Centre , Assam Agricultural University , Jorhat , India
| | - Subhrajit Mohanty
- a Department of Chemistry , National Institute of Technology Rourkela , Rourkela , India
| | - Usharani Subuddhi
- a Department of Chemistry , National Institute of Technology Rourkela , Rourkela , India
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Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Antibiotic Killing and Regrowth of Biofilm-Residing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.01635-18. [PMID: 30297365 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01635-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-residing bacteria embedded in an extracellular matrix are protected from diverse physicochemical insults. In addition to the general recalcitrance of biofilm bacteria, high bacterial loads in biofilm-associated infections significantly diminish the efficacy of antimicrobials due to a low per-cell antibiotic concentration. Accordingly, present antimicrobial treatment protocols that have been established to serve the eradication of acute infections fail to clear biofilm-associated chronic infections. In the present study, we applied automated confocal microscopy on Pseudomonas aeruginosa to monitor dynamic killing of biofilm-grown bacteria by tobramycin and colistin in real time. We revealed that the time required for surviving bacteria to repopulate the biofilm could be taken as a measure for effectiveness of the antimicrobial treatment. It depends on the (i) nature and concentration of the antibiotic, (ii) duration of antibiotic treatment, (iii) application as monotherapy or combination therapy, and (iv) interval of drug administration. The vicious cycle of killing and repopulation of biofilm bacteria could also be broken in an in vivo model system by applying successive antibiotic dosages at intervals that do not allow full reconstitution of the biofilm communities. Treatment regimens that consider the important aspects of antimicrobial killing kinetics bear the potential to improve control of biofilm regrowth. This is an important and underestimated factor that is bound to ensure sustainable treatment success of chronic infections.
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Flume PA, Waters VJ, Bell SC, Van Devanter DR, Stuart Elborn J. Antimicrobial resistance in cystic fibrosis: Does it matter? J Cyst Fibros 2018; 17:687-689. [PMID: 30270113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Flume
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Valerie J Waters
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Scott C Bell
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Donald R Van Devanter
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - J Stuart Elborn
- Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, Queen's University Belfast, Ireland.
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Abbas AT, El-Kafrawy SA, Sohrab SS, Azhar EIA. IgY antibodies for the immunoprophylaxis and therapy of respiratory infections. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 15:264-275. [PMID: 30230944 PMCID: PMC6363154 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1514224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergence of drug resistance among the causative organisms for respiratory tract infections represents a critical challenge to the global health care community. Further, although vaccination can prevent disease, vaccine development is impeded by several factors. Therefore, novel approaches to treat and manage respiratory infections are urgently needed. Passive immunization represents a possible alternative to meet this need. Immunoglobulin Y antibodies (IgYs) from the yolk of chicken eggs have previously been used against bacterial and viral infections in human and animals. Their advantages include lack of reaction with mammalian Fc receptors, low production cost, and ease of extraction. Compared to mammalian IgGs, they have higher target specificity and greater binding avidity. They also possess remarkable pathogen-neutralizing activity in the respiratory tract and lungs. In this review, we provide an overview of avian IgYs and describe their potential therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymn Talat Abbas
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Gastroeneterology, Surgery Centre, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sherif Aly El-Kafrawy
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed Sartaj Sohrab
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam Ibraheem Ahmed Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Müller L, Murgia X, Siebenbürger L, Börger C, Schwarzkopf K, Sewald K, Häussler S, Braun A, Lehr CM, Hittinger M, Wronski S. Human airway mucus alters susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to tobramycin, but not colistin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 73:2762-2769. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Müller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (Fraunhofer ITEM), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Universitätscampus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, KIST Europe, Campus E7.1, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | | | - Konrad Schwarzkopf
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Klinikum Saarbrücken, Winterberg 1, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (Fraunhofer ITEM), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Häussler
- Helmholtz Institute for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, Hannover, Germany
| | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (Fraunhofer ITEM), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Universitätscampus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany
- PharmBioTec GmbH, Science Park 1, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Wronski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (Fraunhofer ITEM), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, Hannover, Germany
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Poulakou G, Matthaiou DK, Nicolau DP, Siakallis G, Dimopoulos G. Inhaled Antimicrobials for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Practical Aspects. Drugs 2018; 77:1399-1412. [PMID: 28741229 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-017-0787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Positive experience with inhaled antibiotics in pulmonary infections of patients with cystic fibrosis has paved the way for their utilization in mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients with lower respiratory tract infections. A successful antibiotic delivery depends upon the size of the generated particle and the elimination of drug impaction in the large airways and the ventilator circuit. Generated droplet size is mainly affected by the type of the nebulizer employed. Currently, jet, ultrasonic, and vibrating mesh nebulizers are marketed; the latter can deliver optimal antibiotic particle size. Promising novel drug-device combinations are able to release drug concentrations of 25- to 300-fold the minimum inhibitory concentration of the targeted pathogens into the pulmonary alveoli. The most important practical steps of nebulization include pre-assessment and preparation of the patient (suctioning, sedation, possible bronchodilation, adjustment of necessary ventilator settings); adherence to the procedure (drug preparation, avoidance of unnecessary tubing connections, interruption of heated humidification, removal of heat-moisture exchanger); inspection of the procedure (check for residual in drug chamber, change of expiratory filter, return sedation, and ventilator settings to previous status); and surveillance of the patient for adverse events (close monitoring of the patient and particularly of peak airway pressure and bronchoconstriction). Practical aspects of nebulization are very important to ensure optimal drug delivery and safe procedure for the patient. Therefore, the development of an operational checklist is a priority for every department adopting this modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garyphallia Poulakou
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Athens National and Kapodistrian University, Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital of Athens, 1 Rimini St, 12462, Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios K Matthaiou
- Department of Critical Care, University Hospital Attikon, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini St, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - David P Nicolau
- Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital, 80 Seymour Street, Hartford, CT, 06102, USA
| | - Georgios Siakallis
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Athens National and Kapodistrian University, Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital of Athens, 1 Rimini St, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - George Dimopoulos
- Department of Critical Care, University Hospital Attikon, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini St, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
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Gupta PV, Nirwane AM, Nagarsenker MS. Inhalable Levofloxacin Liposomes Complemented with Lysozyme for Treatment of Pulmonary Infection in Rats: Effective Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Strategy. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1454-1467. [PMID: 29464594 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of bacterial infections becomes increasingly complicated due to increasing bacterial resistance and difficulty in developing new antimicrobial agents. Emphasis should be laid on improvising the existing treatment modalities. We studied the improved antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of levofloxacin (LFX) and lysozyme (LYS) in microbiological studies. LFX at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration with LYS eradicated > 85% of preformed biofilm. LFX was actively loaded into the liposomes using pH gradient method and was spray-dried with LYS solution. Percent entrapment of LFX in liposome was > 80% and prolonged cumulative release of 85% LFX at the end of 12 h. In vitro lung deposition study and solid-state characterization for spray dried LFX liposome in combination with LYS (LFX liposome-LYS) was performed. Co-spray dried product had mass median aerodynamic diameter ranging < 5 μm. In pharmacodynamic study, Staphylococcus aureus infected rats were treated with LFX liposome-LYS. Lungs, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and nasal fluid were evaluated for microbial burden. Expression of cytokine levels in BALF and serum were also studied by ELISA. In addition, mRNA expression for lung inflammatory mediators and lung myeloperoxidase activity were carried out. Further, lungs and histological changes were observed grossly. Untreated infected rat lungs demonstrated higher mRNA expression for inflammatory markers, cytokine levels, and microbial load compared to vehicle control. Conversely, LFX liposome-LYS significantly abated these adverse repercussions. Histology findings were also in agreement of above. Acute toxicity study revealed safeness of LFX liposome-LYS. Our findings confirm LFX liposome-LYS exhibited prolonged, improved antibiofilm and antimicrobial efficacy in treating S. aureus infection.
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Abstract
Ceragenins were designed as non-peptide mimics of endogenous antimicrobial peptides, and they display broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities, including the ability to eradicate established biofilms. These features of ceragenins make them attractive potential therapeutics for persistent infections in the lung, including those associated with cystic fibrosis. A characteristic of an optimal therapeutic for use in the lungs and trachea is the exertion of potent antimicrobial activities without damaging the cilia that play a critical role in these tissues. In previous work, potent antimicrobial activities of ceragenin CSA-131 have been reported; however, we found in ex vivo studies that this ceragenin, at concentrations necessary to eradicate established biofilms, also causes loss of cilia function. By formulating CSA-131 in poloxamer micelles, cilia damage was eliminated and antimicrobial activity was unaffected. The ability of CSA-131, formulated with a poloxamer, to reduce the populations of fungal pathogens in tracheal and lung tissue was also observed in ex vivo studies. These findings suggest that CSA-131, formulated in micelles, may act as a potential therapeutic for polymicrobial and biofilm-related infections in the lung and trachea.
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Chirani AS, Majidzadeh R, Pouriran R, Heidary M, Nasiri MJ, Gholami M, Goudarzi M, Omrani VF. The effect of in silico targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa patatin-like protein D, for immunogenic administration. Comput Biol Chem 2018. [PMID: 29524839 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The vaccine candidates that have been introduced for immunization against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains are quite diverse. In fact, there has been no proper antigen to act as an effective immunogenic substance against this ubiquitous pathogen in the market as yet. The complications caused by this bacterium due to the rapid development of multiple drug resistant strains have led to clinical problems worldwide. P. aeruginosa encodes many specific virulence elements that could be used as appropriate vaccine candidates. Type Vd secretion system, also known as patatin-like protein D, is a novel P. aeruginosa auto-transporter system. It is known that cellular or humoral immune responses could be elevated by chimeric proteins carrying epitopes. It has been recognized that in silico tools are essential for the evaluation of new chimeric antigens. In this study, we have considered the patatin-like protein D (PlpD) molecule from P. aeruginosa and predicted some immunogenic properties of this strong cytotoxic phospholipase A2 with the use of in-depth computational and immunoinformatics assessment methods The novelty of our in silico study is the modeling and assessment of both humoral and cellular immune potential against the PlpD molecule. The molecule was considered by multiple sequence alignment and homology valuation. The extremely conserved regions in the PlpD were predicted. The allergenic and physicochemical property predictions on the PlpD state that the molecule is a non-allergic and stable molecule. High-resolution secondary and tertiary conformations were created. Indeed, the B-cell and T-cell epitope mapping on the chimeric target protein confirmed that the engineered protein contained a tremendous number of both B-cell and T-cell corresponding epitopes. This investigation magnificently attained the chimeric molecule as being a potent lipolytic enzyme composed of numerous B-cell and T-cell restricted epitopes and could induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. The results indicated that this molecule has therapeutic potential against several potent pathogenic P. aeruginosa strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Salimi Chirani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Robabeh Majidzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Pouriran
- School of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Gholami
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Fallah Omrani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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40
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Dhar S, Kumari H, Balasubramanian D, Mathee K. Cell-wall recycling and synthesis in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa – their role in the development of resistance. J Med Microbiol 2018; 67:1-21. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Supurna Dhar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hansi Kumari
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Kalai Mathee
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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41
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Sheikh Z, Ong HX, Pozzoli M, Young PM, Traini D. Is there a role for inhaled anti-inflammatory drugs in cystic fibrosis treatment? Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2018.1409110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zara Sheikh
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michele Pozzoli
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul M Young
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Banaschewski BJH, Baer B, Arsenault C, Jazey T, Veldhuizen EJA, Delport J, Gooyers T, Lewis JF, Haagsman HP, Veldhuizen RAW, Yamashita C. The Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Chicken Cathelicidin-2 combined with Exogenous Surfactant for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis-Associated Pathogens. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15545. [PMID: 29138462 PMCID: PMC5686076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by recurrent airway infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and chronic inflammation. Chicken cathelicin-2 (CATH-2) has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and to reduce inflammation. In addition, exogenous pulmonary surfactant has been suggested to enhance pulmonary drug delivery. It was hypothesized that CATH-2 when combined with an exogenous surfactant delivery vehicle, bovine lipid extract surfactant (BLES), would exhibit antimicrobial activity against CF-derived bacteria and downregulate inflammation. Twelve strains of CF-pathogens were exposed to BLES+CATH-2 in vitro and killing curves were obtained to determine bactericidal activity. Secondly, heat-killed bacteria were administered in vivo to elicit a pro-inflammatory response with either a co-administration or delayed administration of BLES+CATH-2 to assess the antimicrobial-independent, anti-inflammatory properties of BLES+CATH-2. CATH-2 alone exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against all clinical strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, while BLES+CATH-2 demonstrated a reduction, but significant antimicrobial activity against bacterial isolates. Furthermore, BLES+CATH-2 reduced inflammation in vivo when either co-administered with killed bacteria or after delayed administration. The use of a host-defense peptide combined with an exogenous surfactant compound, BLES+CATH-2, is shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant CF bacterial isolates and reduce inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Baer
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina Arsenault
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teah Jazey
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division of Molecular Host Defense, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Delport
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - James F Lewis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henk P Haagsman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division of Molecular Host Defense, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud A W Veldhuizen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory Yamashita
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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43
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Baker YR, Hodgkinson JT, Florea BI, Alza E, Galloway WRJD, Grimm L, Geddis SM, Overkleeft HS, Welch M, Spring DR. Identification of new quorum sensing autoinducer binding partners in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using photoaffinity probes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7403-7411. [PMID: 29163891 PMCID: PMC5674140 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01270e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacterial species, including the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, employ a mechanism of intercellular communication known as quorum sensing (QS), which is mediated by signalling molecules termed autoinducers. The Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) and 2-Heptyl-3H-4-Quinolone (HHQ) are autoinducers in P. aeruginosa, and they are considered important factors in the progress of infections by this clinically relevant organism. Herein, we report the development of HHQ and PQS photoaffinity-based probes for chemical proteomic studies. Application of these probes led to the identification of previously unsuspected putative HHQ and PQS binders, thereby providing new insights into QS at a proteomic level and revealing potential new small molecule targets for virulence attenuation strategies. Notably, we found evidence that PQS binds RhlR, the cognate receptor in the Rhl QS sub-system of P. aeruginosa. This is the first indication of interaction between the Rhl and PQS systems at the protein/ligand level, which suggests that RhlR should be considered a highly attractive target for antivirulence strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Baker
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , 2333 CC Leiden , The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - J T Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - B I Florea
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , 2333 CC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - E Alza
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - W R J D Galloway
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - L Grimm
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - S M Geddis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - H S Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , 2333 CC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - M Welch
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - D R Spring
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
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44
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Dhand R. The Rationale and Evidence for Use of Inhaled Antibiotics to Control Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2017; 31:121-138. [PMID: 29077527 PMCID: PMC5994662 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2017.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFBE) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by irreversible dilation of the bronchi, symptoms of persistent cough and expectoration, and recurrent infective exacerbations. The prevalence of NCFBE is on the increase in the United States and Europe, but no licensed therapies are currently available for its treatment. Although there are many similarities between NCFBE and cystic fibrosis (CF) in terms of respiratory symptoms, airway microbiology, and disease progression, there are key differences, for example, in response to treatment, suggesting differences in pathogenesis. This review discusses possible reasons underlying differences in response to inhaled antibiotics in people with CF and NCFBE. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are associated with the most severe forms of bronchiectasis. Suboptimal levels of antibiotics in the lung increase the mutation frequency of P. aeruginosa and lead to the development of mucoid strains characterized by formation of a protective polysaccharide biofilm. Mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa are associated with a chronic infection stage, requiring long-term antibiotic therapy. Inhaled antibiotics provide targeted delivery to the lung with minimal systemic toxicity and adverse events compared with oral/intravenous routes of administration, and they could be alternative treatment options to help address some of the treatment challenges in the management of severe cases of NCFBE. This review provides an overview of completed and ongoing trials that evaluated inhaled antibiotic therapy for NCFBE. Recently, several investigators conducted phase 3 randomized controlled trials with inhaled aztreonam and ciprofloxacin in patients with NCFBE. While the aztreonam trial results were not associated with significant clinical benefit in NCFBE, initial results reported from the inhaled ciprofloxacin (dry powder for inhalation and liposome-encapsulated/dual-release formulations) trials hold promise. A more targeted approach could identify specific populations of NCFBE patients who benefit from inhaled antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Dhand
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine , Knoxville, Tennessee
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45
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Gupta PV, Nirwane AM, Belubbi T, Nagarsenker MS. Pulmonary delivery of synergistic combination of fluoroquinolone antibiotic complemented with proteolytic enzyme: A novel antimicrobial and antibiofilm strategy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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46
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The Semi-Synthetic Peptide Lin-SB056-1 in Combination with EDTA Exerts Strong Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Conditions Mimicking Cystic Fibrosis Sputum. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091994. [PMID: 28926942 PMCID: PMC5618643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The ability of the bacterium to form biofilms and the presence of a thick and stagnant mucus in the airways of CF patients largely contribute to antibiotic therapy failure and demand for new antimicrobial agents able to act in the CF environment. The present study investigated the anti-P. aeruginosa activity of lin-SB056-1, a recently described semi-synthetic antimicrobial peptide, used alone and in combination with the cation chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Bactericidal assays were carried out in standard culture conditions and in an artificial sputum medium (ASM) closely resembling the CF environment. Peptide’s structure and interaction with large unilamellar vesicles in media with different ionic strengths were also investigated through infrared spectroscopy. Lin-SB056-1 demonstrated fast and strong bactericidal activity against both mucoid and non-mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa in planktonic form and, in combination with EDTA, caused significant reduction of the biomass of P. aeruginosa mature biofilms. In ASM, the peptide/EDTA combination exerted a strong bactericidal effect and inhibited the formation of biofilm-like structures of P. aeruginosa. Overall, the results obtained highlight the potential of the lin-SB056-1/EDTA combination for the treatment of P. aeruginosa lung infections in CF patients.
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47
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Stefani S, Campana S, Cariani L, Carnovale V, Colombo C, Lleo MM, Iula VD, Minicucci L, Morelli P, Pizzamiglio G, Taccetti G. Relevance of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis. Int J Med Microbiol 2017; 307:353-362. [PMID: 28754426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important issue for physicians who take care of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Here, we review the latest research on how P. aeruginosa infection causes lung function to decline and how several factors contribute to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa strains and influence the course of the infection course. However, many aspects of the practical management of patients with CF infected with MDR P. aeruginosa are still to be established. Less is known about the exact role of susceptibility testing in clinical strategies for dealing with resistant infections, and there is an urgent need to find a tool to assist in choosing the best therapeutic strategy for MDR P. aeruginosa infection. One current perception is that the selection of antibiotic therapy according to antibiogram results is an important component of the decision-making process, but other patient factors, such as previous infection history and antibiotic courses, also need to be evaluated. On the basis of the known issues and the best current data on respiratory infections caused by MDR P. aeruginosa, this review provides practical suggestions to optimize the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with CF who are infected with these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stefani
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - S Campana
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - L Cariani
- Cystic Fibrosis Microbiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - V Carnovale
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Cystic Fibrosis Center, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - C Colombo
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M M Lleo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - V D Iula
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy
| | - L Minicucci
- Microbiology Laboratory, Cystic Fibrosis Center, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - P Morelli
- Department of Paediatric, Cystic Fibrosis Center, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Pizzamiglio
- Respiratory Disease Department, Cystic Fibrosis Center Adult Section, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G Taccetti
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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48
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Mardirossian M, Pompilio A, Degasperi M, Runti G, Pacor S, Di Bonaventura G, Scocchi M. D-BMAP18 Antimicrobial Peptide Is Active In vitro, Resists to Pulmonary Proteases but Loses Its Activity in a Murine Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection. Front Chem 2017; 5:40. [PMID: 28674688 PMCID: PMC5474674 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistant-pathogens is driving the search for new antimicrobial compounds. Pulmonary infections experienced by cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are a dramatic example of this health-care emergency. Antimicrobial peptides could answer the need for new antibiotics but translating them from basic research to the clinic is a challenge. We have previously evaluated the potential of the small membranolytic peptide BMAP-18 to treat CF-related infections, discovering that while this molecule had a good activity in vitro it was not active in vivo because of its rapid degradation by pulmonary proteases. In this study, we synthesized and tested the proteases-resistant all-D enantiomer. In spite of a good antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates and of a tolerable cytotoxicity in vitro, D-BMAP18 was ineffective to treat P. aeruginosa pulmonary infection in mice, in comparison to tobramycin. We observed that different factors other than peptide degradation hampered its efficacy for pulmonary application. These results indicate that D-BMAP18 needs further optimization before being suitable for clinical application and this approach may represent a guide for optimization of other anti-infective peptides eligible for the treatment of pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arianna Pompilio
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy.,Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University FoundationChieti, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Runti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of TriesteTrieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pacor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of TriesteTrieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bonaventura
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-PescaraChieti, Italy.,Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University FoundationChieti, Italy
| | - Marco Scocchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of TriesteTrieste, Italy
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49
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Smith WD, Bardin E, Cameron L, Edmondson CL, Farrant KV, Martin I, Murphy RA, Soren O, Turnbull AR, Wierre-Gore N, Alton EW, Bundy JG, Bush A, Connett GJ, Faust SN, Filloux A, Freemont PS, Jones AL, Takats Z, Webb JS, Williams HD, Davies JC. Current and future therapies for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2017; 364:3868374. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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50
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Poulakou G, Siakallis G, Tsiodras S, Arfaras-Melainis A, Dimopoulos G. Nebulized antibiotics in mechanically ventilated patients: roadmap and challenges. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2017; 15:211-229. [DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2017.1268052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Poulakou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Athens National and Kapodistrian University, Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Siakallis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Athens National and Kapodistrian University, Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - S Tsiodras
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Athens National and Kapodistrian University, Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A Arfaras-Melainis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Athens National and Kapodistrian University, Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Dimopoulos
- Department of Critical Care, University Hospital ATTIKON, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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