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Mol P, Gopalakrishnan L, Chatterjee O, Mangalaparthi KK, Kumar M, Durgad SS, Nair B, Shankar SK, Mahadevan A, Prasad TSK. Proteomic Analysis of Adult Human Hippocampal Subfields Demonstrates Regional Heterogeneity in the Protein Expression. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2293-2310. [PMID: 36039803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Distinct hippocampal subfields are known to get affected during aging, psychiatric disorders, and various neurological and neurodegenerative conditions. To understand the biological processes associated with each subfield, it is important to understand its heterogeneity at the molecular level. To address this lacuna, we investigated the proteomic analysis of hippocampal subfields─the cornu ammonis sectors (CA1, CA2, CA3, CA4) and dentate gyrus (DG) from healthy adult human cohorts. Findings: Microdissection of hippocampal subfields from archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections followed by TMT-based multiplexed proteomic analysis resulted in the identification of 5,593 proteins. Out of these, 890 proteins were found to be differentially abundant among the subfields. Further bioinformatics analysis suggested proteins related to gene splicing, transportation, myelination, structural activity, and learning processes to be differentially abundant in DG, CA4, CA3, CA2, and CA1, respectively. A subset of proteins was selected for immunohistochemistry-based validation in an independent set of hippocampal samples. Conclusions: We believe that our findings will effectively pave the way for further analysis of the hippocampal subdivisions and provide awareness of its subfield-specific association to various neurofunctional anomalies in the future. The current mass spectrometry data is deposited and publicly made available through ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the data set identifier PXD029697.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praseeda Mol
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Lathika Gopalakrishnan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Oishi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India.,Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066,India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Shwetha S Durgad
- Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Bipin Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Susarla K Shankar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India.,Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India.,Human Brain Tissue Repository, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
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Korovesi AG, Anagnostopoulos AK, Pierros V, Stravopodis DJ, Tsangaris GT. Normal Mouse Brain Proteome II: Analysis of Brain Regions by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 17:757-767. [PMID: 33099477 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Proteomics technologies provide fundamental insights into the high organizational complexity and diversity of the central nervous system. In the present study, high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) was applied in order to identify whole-proteome content of anatomically distinct and functionally specific mouse brain regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Brains from eight 8-week-old C57BL/6N normal male mice were separated into seven anatomically district regions. The protein content of each region was analyzed by high-throughput nano-liquid chromatography-MS/MS Orbitrap elite technology. RESULTS A total of 16,574 proteins were identified: 2,795 in cerebral cortex, 2,311 in olfactory bulb, 2,246 in hippocampus, 2,247 in hypothalamus, 2,250 in mid brain, 2,334 in cerebellum and 2,391 in medulla. Of these proteins, 534 were uniquely expressed in cerebral cortex, 323 in olfactory bulb, 230 in hippocampus, 272 in hypothalamus, 1,326 in mid brain, 320 in cerebellum and 268 in medulla. CONCLUSION These data represent the most comprehensive proteomic map of the normal mouse brain and they might further be used in studies related to brain diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemis G Korovesi
- Proteomics Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vasileios Pierros
- Proteomics Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios J Stravopodis
- Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Th Tsangaris
- Proteomics Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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3
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Mori Y, Oikawa S, Kurimoto S, Kitamura Y, Tada-Oikawa S, Kobayashi H, Yamashima T, Murata M. Proteomic analysis of the monkey hippocampus for elucidating ischemic resistance. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:167-173. [PMID: 33041514 PMCID: PMC7533853 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that the cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) sector of hippocampus is vulnerable for the ischemic insult, whereas the dentate gyrus (DG) is resistant. Here, to elucidate its underlying mechanism, alternations of protein oxidation and expression of DG in the monkey hippocampus after ischemia-reperfusion by the proteomic analysis were studied by comparing CA1 data. Oxidative damage to proteins such as protein carbonylation interrupt the protein function. Carbonyl modification of molecular chaperone, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1 (Hsp70.1) was increased remarkably in CA1, but slightly in DG. In addition, expression levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2 (SIRT2) was significantly increased in DG after ischemia, but decreased in CA1. Accordingly, it is likely that SIRT2 upregulation and negligible changes of carbonylation of Hsp70.1 exert its neuroprotective effect in DG. On the contrary, carbonylation level of dihydropyrimidinase related protein 2 (DRP-2) and l-lactate dehydrogenase B chain (LDHB) were slightly increased in CA1 as shown previously, but remarkably increased in DG after ischemia. It is considered that DRP-2 and LDHB are specific targets of oxidative stress by ischemia insult and high carbonylation levels of DRP-2 may play an important role in modulating ischemic neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Mori
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shota Kurimoto
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitamura
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8521, Japan
| | - Saeko Tada-Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,Department of Human Nutrition, School of Life Studies, Sugiyama Jogakuen University, 17-3 Hoshigaoka-motomachi, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8662, Japan
| | - Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsumori Yamashima
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Takakura-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Mariko Murata
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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4
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γ-Oryzanol Improves Cognitive Function and Modulates Hippocampal Proteome in Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040753. [PMID: 30935111 PMCID: PMC6520752 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the richest source of γ-oryzanol, a compound endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. γ-Oryzanol has been demonstrated to cross the blood-brain barrier in intact form and exert beneficial effects on brain function. This study aimed to clarify the effects of γ-oryzanol in the hippocampus in terms of cognitive function and protein expression. Adult mice were administered with γ-oryzanol 100 mg/kg or vehicle (control) once a day for 21 consecutive days following which cognitive behavior and hippocampal proteome were investigated. Cognitive tests using novel object recognition and Y-maze showed that long-term consumption of γ-oryzanol improves cognitive function in mice. To investigate the hippocampal proteome modulated by γ-oryzanol, 2D-difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) was performed. Interestingly, we found that γ-oryzanol modulates quantitative changes of proteins involved in synaptic plasticity and neuronal trafficking, neuroprotection and antioxidant activity, and mitochondria and energy metabolism. These findings suggested γ-oryzanol as a natural compound able to maintain and reinforce brain function. Although more intensive studies are needed, we propose γ-oryzanol as a putative dietary phytochemical for preserving brain reserve, the ability to tolerate age-related changes, thereby preventing clinical symptoms or signs of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Comparative characterization of rat hippocampal plasma membrane and mitochondrial membrane proteomes based on a sequential digestion-centered combinative strategy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3119-3131. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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6
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Nemethova M, Talian I, Danielisova V, Tkacikova S, Bonova P, Bober P, Matiasova M, Sabo J, Burda J. Delayed bradykinin postconditioning modulates intrinsic neuroprotective enzyme expression in the rat CA1 region after cerebral ischemia: a proteomic study. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:1391-1403. [PMID: 27393013 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyramidal cells in the CA1 brain region exhibit an ischemic tolerance after delayed postconditioning; therefore, this approach seems to be a promising neuroprotective procedure in cerebral postischemic injury improvement. However, little is known about the effect of postconditioning on protein expression patterns in the brain, especially in the affected hippocampal neurons after global cerebral ischemia. This study is focused on the examination of the ischemia-vulnerable CA1 neuronal layer and on the acquisition of protection from delayed neuronal death after ischemia. Ischemic-reperfusion injury was induced in Wistar rats and bradykinin was applied 2 days after the ischemic insult in an attempt to overcome delayed cell death. Analysis of complex peptide CA1 samples was performed by automated two dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) fractionation coupled to tandem matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI TOF/TOF) mass spectrometry instrumentation. We devoted our attention to differences in protein expression mapping in ischemic injured CA1 neurons in comparison with equally affected neurons, but with bradykinin application. Proteomic analysis identified several proteins occurring only after postconditioning and control, which could have a potentially neuroprotective influence on ischemic injured neurons. Among them, the prominent position occupies a regulator of glutamate level aspartate transaminase AATC, a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection after ischemia-reperfusion. We identified this enzyme in controls and after postconditioning, but AATC presence was not detected in the ischemic injured CA1 region. This finding was confirmed by two-dimensional differential electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS identification. Results suggest that bradykinin as delayed postconditioning may be associated with modulation of protein expression after ischemic injury and thus this procedure can be involved in neuroprotective metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Talian
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | | | - Sona Tkacikova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Petra Bonova
- Institute of Neurobiology, SAS, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Bober
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | | | - Jan Sabo
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Burda
- Institute of Neurobiology, SAS, Kosice, Slovakia
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7
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Aravidou E, Eleftheriades M, Malamitsi-Puchner A, Anagnostopoulos AK, Aravantinos L, Dontas I, Aravidis C, Creatsas G, Tsangaris G, Chrousos GP. Protein expression in the brain of rat offspring in relation to prenatal caloric restriction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:2707-14. [PMID: 26515516 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1102222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been associated with decreased supply of crucial substrates to the fetus and affects its growth and development by temporarily or permanently modifying gene expression and function. However, not all neonates born by calorie restricted mothers are IUGR and there are no reports regarding their brain protein expression vis-à-vis that of their IUGR siblings. Here, we investigated the expression of key proteins that regulate growth and development of the brain in non-IUGR newborn pups versus IUGR siblings and control pups. METHODS Rat brain proteins were isolated from each group upon delivery and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). RESULTS 14-3-3 Protein, calreticulin, elongation factor, alpha-enolase, fascin, heat-shock protein HSP90 and pyruvate kinase isozymes were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in samples obtained from IUGR newborn pups compared to non-IUGR. Conversely, collapsin response mediator proteins, heat-shock70 and peroxiredoxin2 were decreased in IUGR group compared to non-IUGR. CONCLUSIONS In our experimental study, IUGR pups showed an altered proteomic profile compared to their non-IUGR siblings and non-IUGR controls. Thus, not all offspring of calorie-restricted mothers become IUGR with the accompanying alterations in the expression of proteins. The differentially expressed proteins could modulate alterations in the energy balance, plasticity and maturation of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eftychia Aravidou
- a First Department of Pediatrics and.,b Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School , University of Athens , Greece
| | - Makarios Eleftheriades
- a First Department of Pediatrics and.,c Embryocare, Fetal Medicine Unit , Athens , Greece
| | - Ariadne Malamitsi-Puchner
- d Division of Neonatology , Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Athanassios K Anagnostopoulos
- e Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Greece
| | - Leon Aravantinos
- b Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School , University of Athens , Greece
| | - Ismene Dontas
- f Laboratory For Research of the Musculoskeletal System , School of Medicine, University of Athens , Greece
| | - Christos Aravidis
- g Cytogenetics Unit of Critical Care Department, Medical School, University of Athens , Greece
| | - Georgios Creatsas
- b Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School , University of Athens , Greece
| | - Georgios Tsangaris
- e Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Greece
| | - Georgios P Chrousos
- a First Department of Pediatrics and.,h Clinical Research Centre, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Greece
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8
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Yuce-Dursun B, Danis O, Demir S, Ogan A, Onat F. Proteomic changes in the cortex membrane fraction of genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg. J Integr Neurosci 2015; 13:633-44. [PMID: 25352154 DOI: 10.1142/s021963521450023x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a serious neurodegenerative disorder with a high incidence and a variety of presentations and causes. Studies on brain from various animal models including chronic models: Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) are very useful for understanding the fundamental mechanisms associated with human epilepsy. Individual regions of the brain have different protein composition in different conditions. Therefore, proteomic analyses of the brain compartments are preferred for the development of new therapeutic targets in different pathophysiological conditions like neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we describe a proteomic profiling of membrane fraction of cortex tissue from epileptic GAERS and non-epileptic Wistar rat brain by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy. Comparing the optical density of spots between groups, we found that one protein expression was significantly down-regulated (guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1) and one protein expression was significantly up-regulated (14-3-3 protein epsilon isoform) in GAERS group. Our results indicate that these proteins might have played a significant role in epilepsy and may be considered as valuable therapeutic targets in the absence of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Yuce-Dursun
- Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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F. El-Orab N, H. Abd-Elk O, D. Schwart D. Differential Expression of Hippocampal Genes under Heat Stress. INT J PHARMACOL 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2013.430.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Rashedinia M, Lari P, Abnous K, Hosseinzadeh H. Proteomic analysis of rat cerebral cortex following subchronic acrolein toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 272:199-207. [PMID: 23743302 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acrolein, a member of reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, is a major environmental pollutant. Acrolein is also produced endogenously as a toxic by-product of lipid peroxidation. Because of high reactivity, acrolein may mediate oxidative damages to cells and tissues. It has been shown to be involved in a wide variety of pathological states including pulmonary, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study we employed proteomics approach to investigate the effects of subchronic oral exposures to 3mg/kg of acrolein on protein expression profile in the brain of rats. Moreover effects of acrolein on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were investigated. Our results revealed that treatment with acrolein changed levels of several proteins in diverse physiological process including energy metabolism, cell communication and transport, response to stimulus and metabolic process. Interestingly, several differentially over-expressed proteins, including β-synuclein, enolase and calcineurin, are known to be associated with human neurodegenerative diseases. Changes in the levels of some proteins were confirmed by Western blot. Moreover, acrolein increases the level of MDA, as a lipid peroxidation biomarker and decreased GSH concentrations, as a non-enzyme antioxidant in the brain of acrolein treated rats. These findings suggested that acrolein induces the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the brain, and so that may contribute to the pathophysiology of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Rashedinia
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Raftogianni A, Stamatakis A, Papadopoulou A, Vougas K, Anagnostopoulos AK, Stylianopoulou F, Tsangaris GT. Effects of an early experience of reward through maternal contact or its denial on laterality of protein expression in the developing rat hippocampus. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48337. [PMID: 23118990 PMCID: PMC3485191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Laterality is a basic characteristic of the brain which is detectable early in life. Although early experiences affect laterality of the mature brain, there are no reports on their immediate neurochemical effects during neonatal life, which could provide evidence as to the mechanisms leading to the lateralized brain. In order to address this issue, we determined the differential protein expression profile of the left and right hippocampus of 13-day-old rat control (CTR) pups, as well as following exposure to an early experience involving either receipt (RER) or denial (DER) of the expected reward of maternal contact. Proteomic analysis was performed by 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by mass spectroscopy. The majority of proteins found to be differentially expressed either between the three experimental groups (DER, RER, CTR) or between the left and right hemisphere were cytoskeletal (34%), enzymes of energy metabolism (32%), and heat shock proteins (17%). In all three groups more proteins were up-regulated in the left compared to the right hippocampus. Tubulins were found to be most often up-regulated, always in the left hippocampus. The differential expression of β-tubulin, β-actin, dihydropyrimidinase like protein 1, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Heat Shock protein 70 revealed by the proteomic analysis was in general confirmed by Western blots. Exposure to the early experience affected brain asymmetry: In the RER pups the ratio of proteins up-regulated in the left hippocampus to those in the right was 1.8, while the respective ratio was 3.6 in the CTR and 3.4 in the DER. Our results could contribute to the elucidation of the cellular mechanisms mediating the effects of early experiences on the vulnerability for psychopathology, since proteins shown in our study to be differentially expressed (e.g. tubulins, dihydropyrimidinase like proteins, 14-3-3 protein, GFAP, ATP synthase, α-internexin) have also been identified in proteomic analyses of post-mortem brains from psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Androniki Raftogianni
- Laboratory of Biology-Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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12
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Aberrant expression of collapsin response mediator proteins‐1, ‐2 and ‐5 in the brain of intrauterine growth restricted rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2012; 31:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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13
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Föcking M, Chen WQ, Dicker P, Dunn MJ, Lubec G, Cotter DR. Proteomic analysis of human hippocampus shows differential protein expression in the different hippocampal subfields. Proteomics 2012; 12:2477-81. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Föcking
- Department of Psychiatry; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin; Ireland
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - Patrick Dicker
- Department of Epidemiology; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin; Ireland
| | - Michael J. Dunn
- Proteome Research Centre; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences; Dublin; Ireland
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - David R. Cotter
- Department of Psychiatry; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin; Ireland
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14
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Vanheel A, Daniels R, Plaisance S, Baeten K, Hendriks JJA, Leprince P, Dumont D, Robben J, Brône B, Stinissen P, Noben JP, Hellings N. Identification of protein networks involved in the disease course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35544. [PMID: 22530047 PMCID: PMC3328452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A more detailed insight into disease mechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS) is crucial for the development of new and more effective therapies. MS is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. The aim of this study is to identify novel disease associated proteins involved in the development of inflammatory brain lesions, to help unravel underlying disease processes. Brainstem proteins were obtained from rats with MBP induced acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well characterized disease model of MS. Samples were collected at different time points: just before onset of symptoms, at the top of the disease and following recovery. To analyze changes in the brainstem proteome during the disease course, a quantitative proteomics study was performed using two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) followed by mass spectrometry. We identified 75 unique proteins in 92 spots with a significant abundance difference between the experimental groups. To find disease-related networks, these regulated proteins were mapped to existing biological networks by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The analysis revealed that 70% of these proteins have been described to take part in neurological disease. Furthermore, some focus networks were created by IPA. These networks suggest an integrated regulation of the identified proteins with the addition of some putative regulators. Post-synaptic density protein 95 (DLG4), a key player in neuronal signalling and calcium-activated potassium channel alpha 1 (KCNMA1), involved in neurotransmitter release, are 2 putative regulators connecting 64% of the identified proteins. Functional blocking of the KCNMA1 in macrophages was able to alter myelin phagocytosis, a disease mechanism highly involved in EAE and MS pathology. Quantitative analysis of differentially expressed brainstem proteins in an animal model of MS is a first step to identify disease-associated proteins and networks that warrant further research to study their actual contribution to disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Vanheel
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ruth Daniels
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Plaisance
- VIB – Bioinformatics Training and Service Facility (BITS), Gent, Belgium
| | - Kurt Baeten
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jerome J. A. Hendriks
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Debora Dumont
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Johan Robben
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bert Brône
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Piet Stinissen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Noben
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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15
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Fragopoulou AF, Samara A, Antonelou MH, Xanthopoulou A, Papadopoulou A, Vougas K, Koutsogiannopoulou E, Anastasiadou E, Stravopodis DJ, Tsangaris GT, Margaritis LH. Brain proteome response following whole body exposure of mice to mobile phone or wireless DECT base radiation. Electromagn Biol Med 2012; 31:250-74. [DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2011.631068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Athina Samara
- Genetics and Gene Therapy Division, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anta Xanthopoulou
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | - Aggeliki Papadopoulou
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vougas
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | - Eugenia Koutsogiannopoulou
- Genetics and Gene Therapy Division, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | - Ema Anastasiadou
- Genetics and Gene Therapy Division, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Th. Tsangaris
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens,
Athens, Greece
| | - Lukas H. Margaritis
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Athens University,
Athens, Greece
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16
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Vanguilder HD, Freeman WM. The hippocampal neuroproteome with aging and cognitive decline: past progress and future directions. Front Aging Neurosci 2011; 3:8. [PMID: 21647399 PMCID: PMC3102218 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2011.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although steady progress on understanding brain aging has been made over recent decades through standard anatomical, immunohistochemical, and biochemical techniques, the biological basis of non-neurodegenerative cognitive decline with aging remains to be determined. This is due in part to technical limitations of traditional approaches, in which only a small fraction of neurobiologically relevant proteins, mRNAs or metabolites can be assessed at a time. With the development and refinement of proteomic technologies that enable simultaneous quantitative assessment of hundreds to thousands of proteins, neuroproteomic studies of brain aging and cognitive decline are becoming more widespread. This review focuses on the contributions of neuroproteomic investigations to advances in our understanding of age-related deficits of hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory. Accumulating neuroproteomic data demonstrate that hippocampal aging involves common themes of dysregulated metabolism, increased oxidative stress, altered protein processing, and decreased synaptic function. Additionally, growing evidence suggests that cognitive decline does not represent a "more aged" phenotype, but rather is associated with specific neuroproteomic changes that occur in addition to age-related alterations. Understanding if and how age-related changes in the hippocampal neuroproteome contribute to cognitive decline and elucidating the pathways and processes that lead to cognitive decline are critical objectives that remain to be achieved. Progress in the field and challenges that remain to be addressed with regard to animal models, behavioral testing, and proteomic reporting are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D Vanguilder
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Hershey, PA, USA
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17
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Deng MY, Lam S, Meyer U, Feldon J, Li Q, Wei R, Luk L, Chua SE, Sham P, Wang Y, McAlonan GM. Frontal-subcortical protein expression following prenatal exposure to maternal inflammation. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16638. [PMID: 21347362 PMCID: PMC3037372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal immune activation (MIA) during prenatal life is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders including schizophrenia and autism. Such conditions are associated with alterations in fronto-subcortical circuits, but their molecular basis is far from clear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry, with targeted western blot analyses for confirmation, we investigated the impact of MIA on the prefrontal and striatal proteome from an established MIA mouse model generated in C57B6 mice, by administering the viral analogue PolyI:C or saline vehicle (control) intravenously on gestation day (GD) 9. In striatum, 11 proteins were up-regulated and 4 proteins were down-regulated in the PolyI:C mice, while 10 proteins were up-regulated and 7 proteins down-regulated in prefrontal cortex (PFC). These were proteins involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, oxidation and auto-immune targets, including dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK), eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4A-II, creatine kinase (CK)-B, L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-B, WD repeat-containing protein and NADH dehydrogenase in the striatum; and guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein), 14-3-3 protein, alpha-enolase, olfactory maker protein and heat shock proteins (HSP) 60, and 90-beta in the PFC. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This data fits with emerging evidence for disruption of critical converging intracellular pathways involving MAPK pathways in neurodevelopmental conditions and it shows considerable overlap with protein pathways identified by genetic modeling and clinical post-mortem studies. This has implications for understanding causality and may offer potential biomarkers and novel treatment targets for neurodevelopmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y. Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Sylvia Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Urs Meyer
- Laboratory and Behavioral Neurobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Joram Feldon
- Laboratory and Behavioral Neurobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Lawrence Luk
- Genome Research Centre, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Siew Eng Chua
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Pak Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Grainne Mary McAlonan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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18
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Samara A, Vougas K, Papadopoulou A, Anastasiadou E, Baloyanni N, Paronis E, Chrousos G, Tsangaris G. Proteomics reveal rat hippocampal lateral asymmetry. Hippocampus 2010; 21:108-19. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Ciavardelli D, Silvestri E, Del Viscovo A, Bomba M, De Gregorio D, Moreno M, Di Ilio C, Goglia F, Canzoniero LMT, Sensi SL. Alterations of brain and cerebellar proteomes linked to Aβ and tau pathology in a female triple-transgenic murine model of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Dis 2010; 1:e90. [PMID: 21368863 PMCID: PMC3035905 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2010.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The triple-transgenic Alzheimer (3 × Tg-AD) mouse expresses mutant PS1(M146V), APP(swe), and tau(P301L) transgenes and progressively develops plaques and neurofibrillary tangles with a temporal- and region-specific profile that resembles the neuropathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we used proteomic approaches such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to investigate the alterations in protein expression occurring in the brain and cerebellum of 3 × Tg-AD and presenilin-1 (PS1) knock-in mice (animals that do not develop Aβ- or tau-dependent pathology nor cognitive decline and were used as control). Finally, using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis we evaluated novel networks and molecular pathways involved in this AD model. We identified several differentially expressed spots and analysis of 3 × Tg-AD brains showed a significant downregulation of synaptic proteins that are involved in neurotransmitter synthesis, storage and release, as well as a set of proteins that are associated with cytoskeleton assembly and energy metabolism. Interestingly, in the cerebellum, a structure not affected by AD, we found an upregulation of proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and protein catabolism. Our findings help to unravel the pathogenic brain mechanisms set in motion by mutant amyloid precursor protein (APP) and hyperphosphorylated tau. These data also reveal cerebellar pathways that may be important to counteract the pathogenic actions of Aβ and tau, and ultimately offer novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ciavardelli
- Molecular Neurology Unit, Center of Excellence on Aging, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
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20
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Katagiri T, Hatano N, Aihara M, Kawano H, Okamoto M, Liu Y, Izumi T, Maekawa T, Nakamura S, Ishihara T, Shirai M, Mizukami Y. Proteomic analysis of proteins expressing in regions of rat brain by a combination of SDS-PAGE with nano-liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. Proteome Sci 2010; 8:41. [PMID: 20659346 PMCID: PMC2918549 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-8-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most biological functions controlled by the brain and their related disorders are closely associated with activation in specific regions of the brain. Neuroproteomics has been applied to the analysis of whole brain, and the general pattern of protein expression in all regions has been elucidated. However, the comprehensive proteome of each brain region remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, we carried out comparative proteomics of six regions of the adult rat brain: thalamus, hippocampus, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, occipital cortex, and amygdala using semi-quantitative analysis by Mascot Score of the identified proteins. In order to identify efficiently the proteins that are present in the brain, the proteins were separated by a combination of SDS-PAGE on a C18 column-equipped nano-liquid chromatograph, and analyzed by quadrupole-time of flight-tandem-mass spectrometry. The proteomic data show 2,909 peptides in the rat brain, with more than 200 identified as region-abundant proteins by semi-quantitative analysis. The regions containing the identified proteins are membrane (20.0%), cytoplasm (19.5%), mitochondrion (17.1%), cytoskeleton (8.2%), nucleus (4.7%), extracellular region (3.3%), and other (18.0%). Of the identified proteins, the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein, GABA transporter 3, Septin 5, heat shock protein 90, synaptotagmin, heat shock protein 70, and pyruvate kinase were confirmed by immunoblotting. We examined the distributions in rat brain of GABA transporter 3, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and heat shock protein 70 by immunohistochemistry, and found that the proteins are localized around the regions observed by proteomic analysis and immunoblotting. IPA analysis indicates that pathways closely related to the biological functions of each region may be activated in rat brain. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that proteomics in each region of adult rat brain may provide a novel way to elucidate biological actions associated with the activation of regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Katagiri
- Center for Gene Research, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan.
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21
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van Nieuwenhuijzen PS, Kashem MA, Matsumoto I, Hunt GE, McGregor IS. A long hangover from party drugs: Residual proteomic changes in the hippocampus of rats 8 weeks after γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or their combination. Neurochem Int 2010; 56:871-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Liu X, Wen F, Yang J, Chen L, Wei YQ. A review of current applications of mass spectrometry for neuroproteomics in epilepsy. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:197-246. [PMID: 19598206 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The brain is unquestionably the most fascinating organ, and the hippocampus is crucial in memory storage and retrieval and plays an important role in stress response. In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the seizure origin typically involves the hippocampal formation. Despite tremendous progress, current knowledge falls short of being able to explain its function. An emerging approach toward an improved understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms that underlie functions of the brain and hippocampus is neuroproteomics. Mass spectrometry has been widely used to analyze biological samples, and has evolved into an indispensable tool for proteomics research. In this review, we present a general overview of the application of mass spectrometry in proteomics, summarize neuroproteomics and systems biology-based discovery of protein biomarkers for epilepsy, discuss the methodology needed to explore the epileptic hippocampus proteome, and also focus on applications of ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) in disease research. This neuroproteomics survey presents a framework for large-scale protein research in epilepsy that can be applied for immediate epileptic biomarker discovery and the far-reaching systems biology understanding of the protein regulatory networks. Ultimately, knowledge attained through neuroproteomics could lead to clinical diagnostics and therapeutics to lessen the burden of epilepsy on society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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23
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Manadas B, Santos AR, Szabadfi K, Gomes JR, Garbis SD, Fountoulakis M, Duarte CB. BDNF-Induced Changes in the Expression of the Translation Machinery in Hippocampal Neurons: Protein Levels and Dendritic mRNA. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:4536-52. [DOI: 10.1021/pr900366x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Manadas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, and Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Rita Santos
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, and Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Krisztina Szabadfi
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, and Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - João R. Gomes
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, and Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spiros D. Garbis
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, and Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Fountoulakis
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, and Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos B. Duarte
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, and Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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24
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Downregulation of PEBP1 in Rat Brain Cortex in Hypoxia. J Mol Neurosci 2009; 41:36-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-009-9275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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25
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Roncada P, Bortolato M, Frau R, Saba P, Flore G, Soggiu A, Pisanu S, Amoresano A, Carpentieri A, Devoto P. Gating deficits in isolation-reared rats are correlated with alterations in protein expression in nucleus accumbens. J Neurochem 2008; 108:611-20. [PMID: 19054277 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05806.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The isolation-rearing (IR) paradigm, consisting of the social deprivation for 6-9 weeks after weaning, induces a spectrum of aberrant behaviors in adult rats. Some of these alterations such as sensorimotor gating deficits are reminiscent of the dysfunctions observed in schizophrenia patients. Although gating impairments in IR rats have been linked to impairments in the cortico-mesolimbic system, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this relation are unclear. To elucidate the neurochemical modifications underlying the gating disturbances exhibited by IR rats, we compared their pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex with that of socially reared (SR) controls, and correlated this index to the results of proteomic analyses in prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens from both groups. As expected, IR rats exhibited significantly lower startle amplitude and PPI than their SR counterparts. Following behavioral testing, IR and SR rats were killed and protein expression profiles of their brain regions were examined using two-dimensional electrophoresis based proteomics. Image analysis in the Coomassie blue-stained gel revealed that three protein spots were differentially expressed in the nucleus accumbens of IR and SR rats. Mass spectrometry (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight and MS/MS) identified these spots as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), and 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta. While accumbal levels of HSP60 was decreased in IR rats, alpha-syn and 14-3-3 proteins were significantly increased in IR in comparison with SR controls. Notably, these two last alterations were significantly correlated with different loudness intensity-specific PPI deficits in IR rats. In view of the role of these proteins in synaptic trafficking and dopaminergic regulation, these findings might provide a neurochemical foundation for the gating alterations and psychotic-like behaviors in IR rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Roncada
- Istituto Sperimentale Italiano L. Spallanzani, Milano, Italy
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26
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Weitzdörfer R, Höger H, Shim KS, Cekici L, Pollak A, Lubec G. Changes of hippocampal signaling protein levels during postnatal brain development in the rat. Hippocampus 2008; 18:807-13. [PMID: 18493952 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Developmental regulation of individual signaling proteins in the brain has been reported, although no systematic approach to study postnatal signaling protein expression in the rat has been described. This formed the rationale to compare hippocampal protein levels in rat hippocampus at different developmental time points. Sprague-Dawley rats at 3 days, 3 weeks, and 3 months of age were used, hippocampi were extirpated, proteins extracted and run on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with subsequent identification of protein spots by mass spectrometry. Identified signaling proteins were quantified by specific software and for between group comparison Fisher's exact or Mann-Whitney U tests were applied. Annexin A3, GTP-binding nuclear protein RAN, phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, adenylyl cyclase associated protein 1, Rho-associated protein kinase 1, nucleoside diphosphate kinase A, LIM, and SH3 domain protein 1 were developmentally regulated. High-abundance hippocampal signaling proteins from several cascades in three different postnatal stages are presented, showing temporal regulation of signaling protein levels that have not been described in literature so far. Results are relevant for design and interpretation of further studies at the protein level and, moreover, an analytical tool concomitantly determining regulation of a large series of signaling proteins in the hippocampus is provided. These data contribute to the understanding that different time points may use different signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Weitzdörfer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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27
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Hippocampal levels of gamma-enolase, C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase and serotransferrin fluctuate over the estrous cycle in the rat. Neuroscience 2008; 154:1009-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 04/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Lohaus C, Nolte A, Blüggel M, Scheer C, Klose J, Gobom J, Schüler A, Wiebringhaus T, Meyer HE, Marcus K. Multidimensional chromatography: a powerful tool for the analysis of membrane proteins in mouse brain. J Proteome Res 2007; 6:105-13. [PMID: 17203954 DOI: 10.1021/pr060247g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the function of membrane proteins is of fundamental importance due to their crucial roles in many cellular processes and their direct association with human disorders. However, their analysis poses a special challenge, largely due to their highly amphipathic nature. Until recently, analyses of proteomic samples mainly were performed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), due to the unprecedented separation power of the technique. However, in conventional 2D-PAGE membrane proteins are generally underrepresented due to their tendency to precipitate during isoelectric focusing and their inefficient transfer from the first to the second dimension. As a consequence, several other separation techniques, primarily based on liquid chromatography (LC), have been employed for analysis of this group of proteins. In the present study, different LC-based methods were compared for the analysis of crude protein extracts. One- and two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatographic (1D- and 2D-HPLC) separations of brain protein tryptic digests with a predicted concentration range of up to 5 orders of magnitude were found to be insufficient, thus making a preceding fractionation step necessary. An additional protein separation step was introduced and a 3D-PAGE-HPLC analysis was performed. The results of these experiments are compared with results of 2D-PAGE/matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometric (MALDI MS) analyses of the same samples. Features, challenges, advantages, and disadvantages of the respective systems are discussed. The brain (mouse and human) was chosen as the analyzed tissue as it is of high interest in medical and pharmaceutical research into neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. The study is part of our ongoing research aimed at identifying new biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases.
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29
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Frommberger M, Zürbig P, Jantos J, Krahn T, Mischak H, Pich A, Just I, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Schiffer E. Peptidomic analysis of rat urine using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry. Proteomics Clin Appl 2007; 1:650-60. [PMID: 21136720 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have established and validated a protocol for the peptidomic analysis of rat urine using CE coupled to MS (CE-MS). In the first experiments, the reproducibility of the CE-MS set-up and of the established preparation procedure were assessed. To establish a first rat urinary peptidome map, samples were also analyzed using CE-FT-ICR. The subsequent analysis of independent samples from two different strains (WISTAR and CD) indicated strain-specific differences, which were validated in a blinded assessment. MS/MS revealed the presence of specific fragments from well-known urinary rat peptides, such as collagens, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and serum albumin. The CE-MS-based peptidomics platform may provide novel insights into body fluids of animal models, such as rat or mice. Together with peptide identification, the technology appears to be an excellent, complimentary, and non-invasive tool to analyze toxicological or other (patho)physiological effects of pharmaceutical compounds in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Frommberger
- Institute of Ecological Chemistry, GSF - National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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30
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Mo B, Callegari E, Telefont M, Renner KJ. Proteomic analysis of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (pars lateralis) in the female rat. Proteomics 2007; 6:6066-74. [PMID: 17051637 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of proteomics to study changes in the expression of CNS proteins, which may underlie the regulation of physiological and/or behavioral responses, represents an emerging application of this technology. In the current study, the Palkovits' microdissection method was evaluated as a means of obtaining proteomic data from discrete brain nuclei. The pars lateralis of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) was chosen for the initial studies because of its established role in the expression of gonadal hormone dependent female sexual behavior. The VMN from ovariectomized rats was microdissected from 300 microm frozen brain sections using a 500 microm punch. Total proteins were separated using 2-DE. A group consensus of 432 protein spots, visualized by SYPRO Ruby stain, was obtained from gels from four independent VMN samples. A low mean CV and high gel-to-gel correlation coefficients indicate that reproducible 2-DE gels can be generated from microdissected tissue samples. Proteins from the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) were also separated on 2-DE gels. Evaluation of the 2-DE maps from the VMN and the MBH revealed different protein profiles, and indicates that microdissection improves the detection of low-abundance proteins, and reduces the relative occurrence of abundant proteins on 2-DE maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Mo
- Department of Biology and Neuroscience Group, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
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31
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Hu J, Qian J, Borisov O, Pan S, Li Y, Liu T, Deng L, Wannemacher K, Kurnellas M, Patterson C, Elkabes S, Li H. Optimized proteomic analysis of a mouse model of cerebellar dysfunction using amine-specific isobaric tags. Proteomics 2006; 6:4321-34. [PMID: 16800037 PMCID: PMC2553677 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent proteomic applications have demonstrated their potential for revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. The present study quantifies cerebellar protein changes in mice that are deficient in plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 (PMCA2), an essential neuronal pump that extrudes calcium from cells and is abundantly expressed in Purkinje neurons. PMCA2-null mice display motor dyscoordination and unsteady gait deficits observed in neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis and ataxia. We optimized an amine-specific isobaric tags (iTRAQ)-based shotgun proteomics workflow for this study. This workflow took consideration of analytical variance as a function of ion signal intensity and employed biological repeats to aid noise reduction. Even with stringent protein identification criteria, we could reliably quantify nearly 1000 proteins, including many neuronal proteins that are important for synaptic function. We identified 21 proteins that were differentially expressed in PMCA2-null mice. These proteins are involved in calcium homeostasis, cell structure and chromosome organization. Our findings shed light on the molecular changes that underlie the neurological deficits observed in PMCA2-null mice. The optimized workflow presented here will be valuable for others who plan to implement the iTRAQ method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jin Qian
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Oleg Borisov
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sanqiang Pan
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Longwen Deng
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Kenneth Wannemacher
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Kurnellas
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs, East Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Christa Patterson
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs, East Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Stella Elkabes
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs, East Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
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Chen P, Li X, Sun Y, Liu Z, Cao R, He Q, Wang M, Xiong J, Xie J, Wang X, Liang S. Proteomic analysis of rat hippocampal plasma membrane: characterization of potential neuronal-specific plasma membrane proteins. J Neurochem 2006; 98:1126-40. [PMID: 16895580 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03934.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a distinct brain structure that is crucial in memory storage and retrieval. To identify comprehensively proteins of hippocampal plasma membrane (PM) and detect the neuronal-specific PM proteins, we performed a proteomic analysis of rat hippocampus PM using the following three technical strategies. First, proteins of the PM were purified by differential and density-gradient centrifugation from hippocampal tissue and separated by one-dimensional electophoresis, digested with trypsin and analyzed by electrospray ionization (ESI) quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Second, the tryptic peptide mixture from PMs purified from hippocampal tissue using the centrifugation method was analyzed by liquid chromatography ion-trap ESI-MS/MS. Finally, the PM proteins from primary hippocampal neurons purified by a biotin-directed affinity technique were separated by one-dimensional electrophoresis, digested with trypsin and analyzed by ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. A total of 345, 452 and 336 non-redundant proteins were identified by each technical procedure respectively. There was a total of 867 non-redundant protein entries, of which 64.9% are integral membrane or membrane-associated proteins. One hundred and eighty-one proteins were detected only in the primary neurons and could be regarded as neuronal PM marker candidates. We also found some hypothetical proteins with no functional annotations that were first found in the hippocampal PM. This work will pave the way for further elucidation of the mechanisms of hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Bierczynska-Krzysik A, Kang SU, Silberrring J, Lubec G. Mass spectrometrical identification of brain proteins including highly insoluble and transmembrane proteins. Neurochem Int 2006; 49:245-55. [PMID: 16616972 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2005] [Accepted: 01/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventional two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) is the main technique used for protein profiling of tissues and cells, however separation of strongly acidic, basic or highly insoluble proteins is still limited. A series of methods have been proposed to cope with this problem and the use of discontinuous gel electrophoresis in an acidic buffer system using the cationic detergent benzyldimethyl-n-hexadecylammonium chloride (16-BAC) with subsequent SDS-PAGE followed by mass spectrometry showed that results from 2DE can be complemented by this approach. It was the aim of this study to separate and identify proteins from whole mouse brain that were not demonstrated by 2DE. For this purpose samples were homogenised, soluble proteins were removed by ultracentrifugation and the water-insoluble pellet was resuspended in a mixture containing urea, 16-BAC, glycerol, pyronine Y and dithiothreitol. Electrophoresis was run in the presence of 16-BAC, the strip from the gel containing separated proteins was cut out and was re-run on SDS-PAGE. Protein spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry. One hundred and six individual proteins represented by 187 spots were unambiguously identified consisting of 42 proteins with predicted pI values of pI>8.0, 25 with a 6.0<pI<8.0 and 39 with a pI<6.0. Twelve proteins with transmembrane domains (ranging from 1 to 8) including channels and carriers were identified. The generated map revealed a series of important brain proteins that were not separated and identified previously. Therefore, this system may be relevant for protein chemical determination of channels and carriers independent of antibody availability and specificity. The fact that transmembrane, basic, acidic as well as hydrophobic proteins with a positive Gravy Index can be resolved warrants work on further improvement of this analytical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bierczynska-Krzysik
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Shin JH, Krapfenbauer K, Lubec G. Large-scale identification of cytosolic mouse brain proteins by chromatographic prefractionation. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:2799-813. [PMID: 16739224 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic studies on mouse brain protein expression are still holding center stage as the generation of a reference database for the brain proteome, a need for designing expressional studies at the protein level. We therefore decided to extend the amount of identified brain proteins by the use of prefractionation. In order to reduce the complexity of mouse brain proteome we applied chromatographic prefractionations, ion-exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, prior to 2-DE, followed by mass spectrometric identification (2-DE MALDI-MS). We analyzed about 17,000 protein spots in cytosolic fractions of mouse brain and identified about 10,000 spots. A total of 1841 proteins showing different pI or M(r), representing probably post-translational modifications or splice variants, were products of 789 different genes. Numerous proteins were clearly identified as metabolic, antioxidant, cytoskeleton, signaling, transcription/translation, nucleic acid-binding, proteolysis-related proteins. We additionally provided evidence for the existence of hypothetical proteins predicted from nucleic acid sequences. Moreover, observed pIs of proteins are listed thus enabling localization of proteins in a gel, information that cannot be obtained from theoretical pI's in databases. The results represent so far the largest database of mouse brain proteins and provide valuable information for the design of proteomic studies in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Pollak DD, John J, Hoeger H, Lubec G. An integrated map of the murine hippocampal proteome based upon five mouse strains. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:2787-98. [PMID: 16817167 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of proteomics technologies it is possible to simultaneously demonstrate the expression of hundreds of proteins. The information offered by proteomics provides context-based understanding of cellular protein networks and has been proven to be a valuable approach in neuroscience studies. The mouse hippocampus has been a major target of analysis in the search for molecular correlates to neuronal information storage. Although human and rat hippocampal samples have been successfully subjected to proteomic profiling, no elaborate analysis providing the fundamental experimental basis for protein-expression studies in the mouse hippocampus has been carried out as yet. This led us to construct a master map generated from the individual hippocampal proteomes of five different mouse strains. A proteomic approach, based upon 2-DE coupled to MS (MALDI-TOF/TOF) has been chosen in an attempt to establish a comprehensive reference database of proteins expressed in the mouse hippocampus. 469 individual proteins, represented by 1156 spots displaying various functional states of the respective gene products were identified. Proteomic profiling of the hippocampus, a brain region with a pivotal role for neuronal information processing and storage may provide insight into the characteristics of proteins serving this highly sophisticated function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D Pollak
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neuroscience, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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36
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Yang JW, Afjehi-Sadat L, Gelpi E, Kunze M, Höger H, Fleckner J, Berger J, Lubec G. Proteome Profiling in the Rat Harderian Gland. J Proteome Res 2006; 5:1751-62. [PMID: 16823983 DOI: 10.1021/pr060082b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Harderian gland is an orbital gland located behind the ocular bulb in most terrestrial vertebrates probably functioning for production of lipid secretion to protect the eye. We herein present a protein reference database of the rat Harderian gland that may serve as analytical tool for future proteomic work, report lipid and porphyrin handling cascades, address sequence conflicts and report structures that have not been so far described by proteomics methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Pollak DD, John J, Bubna-Littitz H, Schneider A, Hoeger H, Lubec G. Components of the protein quality control system are expressed in a strain-dependent manner in the mouse hippocampus. Neurochem Int 2006; 49:500-7. [PMID: 16678306 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inbred mouse strains are used in forward-genetic experiments, designed to uncover genes contributing to their highly distinct neurophenotypes and multiple reports of variations in mutant phenotypes due to genetic background differences in reverse-genetic approaches have been published. Information on strain-specific protein expression-phenotypes however, is limited and a comprehensive screen of an effect of strain on brain protein levels has not yet been carried out. Herein a proteomic approach, based upon two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled to mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF) was used to show significant genetic variation in hippocampal protein levels between five mouse strains. Considering recent evidence for the importance of the intracellular protein quality control system for synaptic plasticity-related mechanism we decided to focus on the analysis of molecular chaperones and components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Sixty-six spots, depicting 36 proteins have been unambiguously identified by mass spectrometry. Quantification revealed strain-dependent levels of 18 spots, representing 12 individual gene products. We thus present proteome analysis of hippocampal tissues of several mouse strains as suitable tool to address fundamental questions about genetic control of protein levels and to demonstrate molecular networks of protein metabolism and chaperoning. The findings are useful for designing future studies on these cascades and interpretation of results show that data on brain protein levels cannot be simply extrapolated among different mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D Pollak
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neuroscience, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Pollak DD, John J, Schneider A, Hoeger H, Lubec G. Strain-dependent expression of signaling proteins in the mouse hippocampus. Neuroscience 2006; 138:149-58. [PMID: 16361066 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2005] [Revised: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 11/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Individual mouse strains may differ significantly in terms of behavior and cognitive function. Hippocampal gene expression profiling on several mouse strains has been carried out and points toward substantial strain-specific variation of more than 200 genes including components of major signaling pathways involved in neuronal information storage. Strain-specific hippocampal protein expression, however, has not been investigated yet. A proteomic approach based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry has been chosen to address this question by determining strain-dependent expression of signaling proteins in hippocampi of four inbred and one outbred mouse strain. Forty-six spots corresponding to 37 different signaling proteins have been analyzed and quantified. Statistical analysis revealed strain-dependent expression of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1, serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A, large GTP binding protein OPA1, guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta, putative GTP-binding protein Ran, receptor of activated protein kinase C1, WASP-family protein member 1, voltage-dependent anion channel 2 and 14-3-3 protein gamma. Differential expression of signaling proteins in the hippocampus may contribute to the molecular understanding of strain-dependent behavioral and cognitive performance. Moreover, these data highlight the importance of the genetic background for the analysis of signaling pathways in the hippocampus in wild-type mice as well as in gene-targeting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Pollak
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neuroscience, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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39
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Current Awareness on Comparative and Functional Genomics. Comp Funct Genomics 2005. [PMCID: PMC2447491 DOI: 10.1002/cfg.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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