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Dugheri S, Squillaci D, Saccomando V, Marrubini G, Bucaletti E, Rapi I, Fanfani N, Cappelli G, Mucci N. An Automated Micro Solid-Phase Extraction (μSPE) Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Cyclophosphamide and Iphosphamide: Biological Monitoring in Antineoplastic Drug (AD) Occupational Exposure. Molecules 2024; 29:638. [PMID: 38338382 PMCID: PMC10856084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the considerable steps taken in the last decade in the context of antineoplastic drug (AD) handling procedures, their mutagenic effect still poses a threat to healthcare personnel actively involved in compounding and administration units. Biological monitoring procedures usually require large volumes of sample and extraction solvents, or do not provide adequate sensitivity. It is here proposed a fast and automated method to evaluate the urinary levels of cyclophosphamide and iphosphamide, composed of a miniaturized solid phase extraction (µSPE) followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The extraction procedure, developed through design of experiments (DoE) on the ePrep One Workstation, required a total time of 9.5 min per sample, with recoveries of 77-79% and a solvent consumption lower than 1.5 mL per 1 mL of urine sample. Thanks to the UHPLC-MS/MS method, the limits of quantification (LOQ) obtained were lower than 10 pg/mL. The analytical procedure was successfully applied to 23 urine samples from compounding wards of four Italian hospitals, which resulted in contaminations between 27 and 182 pg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Dugheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Donato Squillaci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Valentina Saccomando
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Giorgio Marrubini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Bucaletti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Ilaria Rapi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Niccolò Fanfani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Giovanni Cappelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicola Mucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (D.S.); (V.S.); (E.B.); (I.R.); (N.F.); (G.C.); (N.M.)
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2
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Ueta I, Sumiya K, Fujimura K, Ariizumi Y, Kikuchi R, Kawata K, Saito Y. Volatile anticancer drug determination by thermal desorption technique with polydimethylsiloxane-coated macroporous silica adsorbent in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:3-8. [PMID: 37878142 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method for quantifying the volatile anticancer drugs ifosfamide (IF) and cyclophosphamide (CP) in air was developed on the basis of thermal desorption (TD)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polydimethylsiloxane-coated macroporous silica was used as the adsorbent. The extraction tube was prepared by packing 0.2 g of adsorbent particles into a glass tube. The extraction and desorption efficiencies of the proposed method were quantitatively investigated in this study. The limits of detection of the proposed method for IF and CP were 3.3 ng L-1 at an air sampling volume of 3.0 L (30 min). The sensitivity of the proposed method was compared with using a Tenax TA packed tube that is widely used as the extraction medium in TD analysis. Finally, detection of IF and CP that evaporated from aqueous standard solution was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Ueta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, 400-8511, Japan.
| | - Katsunori Sumiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, 400-8511, Japan
| | - Koji Fujimura
- Shinwa Chemical Industries Ltd., 50-2 Kagekatsu, Fushimi, Kyoto, 612-8307, Japan
| | - Yuki Ariizumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, 400-8511, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kikuchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Keishi Kawata
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
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3
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Villa A, Geshkovska A, Bellagamba G, Baldi I, Molimard M, Verdun-Esquer C, Lehucher-Michel MP, Canal-Raffin M. Factors associated with internal contamination of nurses by antineoplastic drugs based on biomonitoring data from a previous study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 254:114264. [PMID: 37776759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Internal contamination of healthcare professionals by antineoplastic drugs (ADs) remains a current occupational health issue, particularly because these compounds are classified as dangerous to handle by the NIOSH. In order to improve preventive actions, a study of the factors associated with this internal contamination was conducted among nursing staff in health care institutions. This study is a statistical analysis of metadata from a cross-sectional observational study conducted among nurses in two French hospitals. The internal contamination of each nurse was assessed in a previous study and was defined by whether or not at least one studied AD was detected in at least one urine sample. Three urine samples and a self-questionnaire were collected for each participant. Analysis of five ADs (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, metabolite of 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, doxorubicin) were performed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. A multivariate stepwise descending regression model was used to determine factors associated with internal contamination by coupling data from a self-questionnaire with internal contamination data. A total of 74 nurses participated to the study and 68 were included for this work: 39 nurses with and 29 without detectable internal ADs contamination. Two protective factors of internal contamination could be identified: a high "glove wearing score" (OR: 0.957; 95%CI: 0.93-0.98; p < 0.01) and a high "total number of years handling ADs and/or caring for patients treated with ADs" (OR: 0.797; 95%CI: 0.67-0.91; p < 0.01). In addition, three factors contributing to internal contamination were identified, namely "feeling sufficiently informed about tasks exposing to ADs" (OR: 9.585; 95%CI: 2.23-57.05; p < 0.01), "disposal of a waste bin containing equipment used for administration of the ADs studied" (OR: 8.04; 95%CI: 1.87-46.08; p < 0.01) and "changing sheets and/or making bed of a patient treated by one of the ADs studied" (OR: 10.479; 95%CI: 1.43-133.30; p < 0.05). Thus, the use of gloves when handling ADs directly or indirectly and the contaminating nature of certain tasks should be taken into account when (1) implementing preventive actions in health care services and (2) training and informing exposed staff. Further studies would be desirable to confirm these results and extend them to other professional categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Villa
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Epicene Team, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; Centre régional de Consultations de Pathologies Professionnelles et Environnementales, APHM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Arna Geshkovska
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Epicene Team, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gauthier Bellagamba
- Centre régional de Consultations de Pathologies Professionnelles et Environnementales, APHM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Epicene Team, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; Service Santé Travail Environnement, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Molimard
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, AHEAD Team, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Marie-Pascale Lehucher-Michel
- Centre régional de Consultations de Pathologies Professionnelles et Environnementales, APHM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Mireille Canal-Raffin
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Epicene Team, UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
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4
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Liu Y, He Z, Liang H, Han M, Wang J, Liu Q, Guan Y. A high-throughput UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of eight anti-tumor drugs in plasma. Anal Biochem 2023:115230. [PMID: 37429484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly developing UPLC-MS/MS bioassays with high throughput and quality are challenging yet desired in routine clinics. METHODS & RESULTS: A high-throughput UPLC-MS/MS bioassay has been built for simultaneously quantifying gefitinib, ruxolitinib, dasatinib, imatinib, ibrutinib, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. After the protein precipitation with methanol, samples were separated on an Acquity BEH C18 column following a gradient elution system with methanol and 2 mM ammonium acetate in water at 40 °C with a run time of 3 min (flow rate 0.4 mL/min). Mass quantification in the positive ion SRM mode was then performed with electrospray ionization. The method of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, recovery, stability, dilution integrity and carryover were all validated as per the guideline of the China Food and Drug Administration whose values met the admissible limits. Application of the bioassay to therapeutic drug monitoring revealed important variability in the studied anti-tumour drugs. CONCLUSION: This validated approach was shown to be reliable and effective in clinical management, being a valuable support in therapeutic drug monitoring and subsequent individualized dosing optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 519000, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhichao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Heng Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Minzhen Han
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, Guizhou, 556000, China
| | - Jinxingyi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, Guizhou, 556000, China
| | - Qian Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, Guizhou, 556000, China; Guangdong RangerBio Technologies Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523000, China.
| | - Yanping Guan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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5
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Ndaw S, Remy A. Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic Drugs in Twelve French Health Care Setting: Biological Monitoring and Surface Contamination. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4952. [PMID: 36981860 PMCID: PMC10049707 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antineoplastic drugs used in the treatment of cancers have an intrinsic toxicity, because of their genotoxic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic properties. Their use is recognized as an occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs) who may be exposed. The purpose of this article is to present biological- and environmental-monitoring data collected in twelve French hospitals over eight years. Urine samples were collected from a wide range of HCWs (250 participants) from pharmacy and oncology units, including physicians, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, nurses, auxiliary nurses, and cleaners. The investigated drugs were cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, and α-fluoro-β-alanine, the main urinary metabolite of 5-fluorouracil. Wipe samples were collected from various locations in pharmacy and oncology units. More than 50% of participants, from all exposure groups, were contaminated with either drug, depending on the unit, the day, or the task performed. However, workers from oncology units were more frequently exposed than workers from pharmacy units. Significant contamination was detected on various surfaces in pharmacy and oncology units, highlighting potential sources of exposure. Risk-management measures should be implemented to reduce and maintain exposures at lowest-possible levels. In addition, regular exposure assessment, including biological and environmental monitoring, is recommended to ensure the long-term efficiency of the prevention measures.
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6
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Jara-Cornejo E, Khan S, Vega-Chacón J, Wong A, da Silva Neres LC, Picasso G, Sotomayor MDPT. Biomimetic Material for Quantification of Methotrexate Using Sensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polypyrrole Film and MWCNT/GCE. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010077. [PMID: 36810408 PMCID: PMC9944472 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates biomimetic sensors for the detection of methotrexate contaminants in environmental samples. Sensors inspired by biological systems are the focus of this biomimetic strategy. Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that is widely used for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Due to the widespread use of methotrexate and its rampant disposal into the environment, the residues of this drug are regarded as an emerging contaminant of huge concern, considering that exposure to the contaminant has been found to lead to the inhibition of some essential metabolic processes, posing serious risks to humans and other living beings. In this context, this work aims to quantify methotrexate through the application of a highly efficient biomimetic electrochemical sensor constructed using polypyrrole-based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrodeposited by cyclic voltammetry on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The electrodeposited polymeric films were characterized by infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The analyses conducted using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) yielded a detection limit of 2.7 × 10-9 mol L-1 for methotrexate, a linear range of 0.01-125 μmol L-1, and a sensitivity of 0.152 μA L mol-1. The results obtained from the analysis of the selectivity of the proposed sensor through the incorporation of interferents in the standard solution pointed to an electrochemical signal decay of only 15.4%. The findings of this study show that the proposed sensor is highly promising and suitable for use in the quantification of methotrexate in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Jara-Cornejo
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Lima 15333, Peru
| | - Sabir Khan
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Lima 15333, Peru
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-970, Brazil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Statistics, Federal Rural University of the Semi−Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Jaime Vega-Chacón
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Lima 15333, Peru
| | - Ademar Wong
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-970, Brazil
- National Institute of Alternative Technologies for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Agents (INCT−DATREM), Araraquara 14801-970, Brazil
| | | | - Gino Picasso
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Lima 15333, Peru
| | - Maria D. P. T. Sotomayor
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-970, Brazil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Statistics, Federal Rural University of the Semi−Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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7
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Rahimpoor R, Firoozichahak A, Alizadeh S, Serkan H, Nematollahi D. Application of MIL-53(Al)-NH 2 as a Dispersive Microsolid-Phase Extraction Material for Determination of Cyclophosphamide in Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36643-36652. [PMID: 36278040 PMCID: PMC9583078 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an aluminum-based metal-organic framework (MIL-53(Al)-NH2) was synthesized and employed as a well-known and efficient dispersive microsolid-phase extraction (Dμ-SPE) sorbent for reliable determination of cyclophosphamide in urine samples by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. The synthesized MIL-53(Al)-NH2 was characterized by FT-IR, PXRD, FE-SEM, and EDS for more details. Then, the effective parameters of the preconcentration and extraction of urinary cyclophosphamide including the amount of the solid sorbent, the pH of the sample, sample volume, extraction and desorption time, and the type and volume of elution solvent were thoroughly investigated and optimized. According to the results, a linear dynamic range of 0.14-120 μg mL-1 with a good correlation coefficient (R 2 = 0.998) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 μg mL-1 were obtained with intra- and interday relative standard deviations (n = 9) of 3.13 and 3.99% in optimized conditions, respectively. Furthermore, the absolute recovery of urinary cyclophosphamide at three concentrations (0.5, 50.0, and 100.0 μg mL-1) was 94.0%. Finally, the optimal condition of the developed method was successfully applied to the extraction and analysis of cyclophosphamide from the real urine samples with satisfactory recovery (94.0-97.0%) and acceptable precision (<4.1%). The findings proved that MIL-53(Al)-NH2 can be utilized as a suitable adsorbent for highly reliable extraction of cyclophosphamide in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razzagh Rahimpoor
- Department
of Occupational Health Engineering, Research Center for Health Sciences,
School of Health, Larestan University of
Medical Sciences, Larestan74319-75566, Iran
| | - Ali Firoozichahak
- Department
of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Social Determinants of
Health Research Center, Gonabad University
of Medical Science, Gonabad96917-93718, Iran
| | - Saber Alizadeh
- Department
of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University, Hamedan65178-38695, Iran
| | - Houman Serkan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran19585-466, Iran
| | - Davood Nematollahi
- Department
of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University, Hamedan65178-38695, Iran
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8
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Szpot P, Wachełko O, Zawadzki M. Toxicological Aspects of Methotrexate Intoxication: Concentrations in Postmortem Biological Samples and Autopsy Findings. TOXICS 2022; 10:572. [PMID: 36287852 PMCID: PMC9609116 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the establishment of a UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method to determine methotrexate in postmortem biological samples and quantify the postmortem distribution of methotrexate in a case of fatal intoxication of this drug. A volume of 100 μL or 100 mg of postmortem specimens was precipitated with 400 μL of cold methanol and then analyzed using UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. The validation parameters of the method were as follows: limit of quantification: 0.1−1.0 ng/mL or ng/g, coefficient of determination: >0.998 (R2), matrix effect, intra- and inter-day accuracies and precisions: not greater than 13.6%, 14.8% and 17.4%, respectively. The recoveries were: 89.0−113.6%. The postmortem distribution studies revealed methotrexate concentrations as follows: blood—7.2 ng/mL, vitreous humor—0.8 ng/mL, liver—43.7 ng/g, kidney—20.6 ng/g, bone marrow—29.9 ng/g, lumbar vertebra—20.0 ng/g. The highest concentrations of methotrexate after poisoning were found in the tissues with the most rapidly dividing cells. The method described is simple, precise and selective. Methotrexate concentrations can be routinely determined in postmortem specimens. Determination of methotrexate in the postmortem biological material is possible after a few days of intensive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Szpot
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 4 J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego Street, 50345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Olga Wachełko
- Institute of Toxicology Research, 45 Kasztanowa Street, 55093 Borowa, Poland
| | - Marcin Zawadzki
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 4 J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego Street, 50345 Wroclaw, Poland
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9
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Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Rapid and Selective Extraction and Detection of Methotrexatein Serum by HPLC-UV Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186084. [PMID: 36144817 PMCID: PMC9505160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, novel selective recognition materials, namely magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs), were prepared. The recognition materials were used as pretreatment materials for magnetic molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MSPE) to achieve the efficient adsorption, selective recognition, and rapid magnetic separation of methotrexate (MTX) in the patients' plasma. This method was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) to achieve accurate and rapid detection of the plasma MTX concentration, providing a new method for the clinical detection and monitoring of the MTX concentration. The MMIPs for the selective adsorption of MTX were prepared by the sol-gel method. The materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. The MTX adsorption properties of the MMIPs were evaluated using static, dynamic, and selective adsorption experiments. On this basis, the extraction conditions were optimized systematically. The adsorption capacity of MMIPs for MTX was 39.56 mgg-1, the imprinting factor was 9.40, and the adsorption equilibrium time was 60 min. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: the amount of MMIP was 100 mg, the loading time was 120 min, the leachate was 8:2 (v/v) water-methanol, the eluent was 4:1 (v/v) methanol-acetic acid, and the elution time was 60 min. MTX was linear in the range of 0.00005-0.25 mg mL-1, and the detection limit was 12.51 ng mL-1. The accuracy of the MSPE-HPLC-UV method for MTX detection was excellent, and the result was consistent with that of a drug concentration analyzer.
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10
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Villa A, Tremolet K, Martinez B, Petit M, Dascon X, Stanek J, Ducint D, Titier-Debeaupuis K, Verdun-Esquer C, Molimard M, Canal-Raffin M. Urine biomonitoring of occupational exposure to methotrexate using a highly sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method in MRM3 mode. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1209:123411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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11
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UETA I, MIYAZAKI A, YANO S, KIKUCHI R, NAKAGAMI K, SAITO Y, KAWATA K. Evaluation of Volatility of Bendamustine Using Solid Phase Extraction-Type Extraction Device. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2022. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2022.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Aya MIYAZAKI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Koki NAKAGAMI
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Keishi KAWATA
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Yamanashi Hospital
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12
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Verscheure E, Creta M, Vanneste D, Vanoirbeek J, Zakia M, Abdesselam T, Lebegge R, Poels K, Ghosh M, Duca RC, Godderis L. Quantification of three antineoplastic agents in urine using the UniSpray ionisation source. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1205:123331. [PMID: 35752139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many guidelines and safety measures led to a decrease in exposure to antineoplastic agents. Since healthcare workers are often exposed to lower concentrations than patients, a sensitive method is needed to quantify occupational exposure. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop and validate a sensitive method for simultaneous detection and quantification of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and paclitaxel in urine by use of UPLC-MS/MS with a UniSpray ionisation source. METHODS Compounds were extracted from urine using Novum simplified liquid extraction cartridges, separated on a C18 column, ionised by a UniSpray ionisation source and detected with MS/MS. In the second part of the study, a field study was performed to assess occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents. RESULTS Eighty-three samples from healthcare workers were analysed and resulted in seventeen samples containing quantifiable concentrations of at least one compound. In conclusion, a sensitive method for simultaneous detection and quantification of cyclophosphamide (LLOQ 0.05 ng/mL), ifosfamide (LLOQ 0.3 ng/mL) and paclitaxel (LLOQ 0.7 ng/mL) was developed and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Verscheure
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matteo Creta
- Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Dorian Vanneste
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Meziane Zakia
- Centre Hospitalo-universitaire, Service Médicine du Travail, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria; Faculty of Medicine, TOXICOMED Research Laboratory, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Taleb Abdesselam
- Centre Hospitalo-universitaire, Service Médicine du Travail, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria; Faculty of Medicine, TOXICOMED Research Laboratory, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Robin Lebegge
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Poels
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Radu-Corneliu Duca
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Lode Godderis
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Idewe, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Heverlee, Belgium.
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Leso V, Sottani C, Santocono C, Russo F, Grignani E, Iavicoli I. Exposure to Antineoplastic Drugs in Occupational Settings: A Systematic Review of Biological Monitoring Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063737. [PMID: 35329423 PMCID: PMC8952240 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The high toxicity of antineoplastic drugs (ADs) makes them dangerous not only for patients, but also for exposed workers. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an updated overview of the biological monitoring of occupational AD exposure in order to extrapolate information useful to improve risk assessment and management strategies in workplaces. Several studies demonstrated that remarkable portions of healthcare workers may have traces of these substances or their metabolites in biological fluids, although with some conflicting results. Nurses, directly engaged in AD handling, were the occupational category at higher risk of contamination, although, in some cases, personnel not involved in AD-related tasks also showed quantifiable internal doses. Overall, further research carried out on greater sample sizes appears necessary to gain deeper insight into the variability retrieved in the reported results. This may be important to understand the impact of the extent of ADs use, different handling, procedures, and cleaning practices, spill occurrence, training of the workforce, as well as the adoption of adequate collective and personal protective equipment in affecting the occupational exposure levels. This may support the achievement of the greatest clinical efficiency of such therapies while assuring the health and safety of involved workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veruscka Leso
- Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.L.); (C.S.); (F.R.)
| | - Cristina Sottani
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Salvatore Maugeri, 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Carolina Santocono
- Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.L.); (C.S.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesco Russo
- Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.L.); (C.S.); (F.R.)
| | - Elena Grignani
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Salvatore Maugeri, 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.L.); (C.S.); (F.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0817462430
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14
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Yin L, Ji Z, Cao H, Li Y, Huang J. Comparison of LC-MS 3 and LC-MRM strategy for quantification of methotrexate in human plasma and its application in therapeutic drug monitoring. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114345. [PMID: 34492453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A simple, highly selective and high throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry cubed (LC/MS3) method was developed and validated for quantification of methotrexate in human plasma. The MS3 detection is a scanning mode of QTrap MS systems or ion trap MS systems. After simple protein precipitation with methanol, methotrexate and methotrexate-d3 were separated on an Agilent Poroshell 120 SB-C18 column (4.6 × 50 mm, 2.7 µm) using isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisting of 60% 0.1% formic acid in water and 40% 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. The flow rate is 0.8 mL/min. MS3 detection in positive ion mode used the MRM3 transitions at m/z 455.2→308.2→175.1 for quantification of methotrexate and m/z 458.2→311.2→175.1 for quantification of methotrexate-d3. The total run time was only 3 min for each sample. The LC/MS3 assay was linear in the concentration range 10-3000 ng/mL(R2 ≥ 0.995) and the intra- and inter-day accuracies were< 3.72% and precisions were< 7.78% at all concentrations. The absolute recoveries (%) and matrix effect (%) for methotrexate in human plasma were between 92.6 and 114.3. The novelty of the presented methodology is the MS3 technique resulting in enhanced selectivity and sensitivity. The application of this LC-MS3 method was successfully completed on 46 human plasma samples and the quantitative results of identical human plasma samples were compared with another LC-MRM based method. Passing-Bablok regression coefficients demonstrated that there is no significant difference between the LC-MS3 method and LC-MRM method. Bland-Altman plots showed a concordant results, supporting the developed LC-MS3 method is a reliable and accurate assay for determination of methotrexate in human plasma. This work is also a proof of concept for using LC-MS3 technique to determination of chemicals in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street, Changchun 130061, PR China; School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, PR China.
| | - Zhengchao Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street, Changchun 130061, PR China
| | - Haiwei Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street, Changchun 130061, PR China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street, Changchun 130061, PR China.
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street, Changchun 130061, PR China.
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15
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Nurses' internal contamination by antineoplastic drugs in hospital centers: a cross-sectional descriptive study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:1839-1850. [PMID: 34021808 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess internal antineoplastic drugs (ADs) contamination in the nursing staff in French hospital centers, using highly sensitive analytical methods. METHODS This cross-sectional study included nurses practicing in care departments where at least one of the five ADs studied was handled (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, methotrexate). The nurses study participation lasted 24 h including collection of three urine samples and one self-questionnaire. All urine samples were assayed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods with very low value of the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). RESULTS 74 nurses were included, 222 urine samples and 74 self-questionnaires were collected; 1092 urine assays were performed. The percentage of nurses with internal AD contamination was 60.8% and low levels of urinary concentrations were measured. Regarding nurses with internal contamination (n = 45), 42.2% presented internal contamination by methotrexate, 37.8% by cyclophosphamide, 33.3% by ifosfamide, 17.8% by 5-fluorouracil metabolite and 6.7% by doxorubicine. Among the positive assays, 17.9% (n = 26/145) were not explained by exposure data from the self-questionnaire but this could be due to the skin contact of nurses with contaminated work surfaces. CONCLUSIONS This study reported high percentage of nurses with internal ADs contamination. The low LLOQ values of the used analytical methods, allowed the detection of ADs that would not have been detected with the current published methods: the percentage of contamination would have been 17.6% instead of the 60.8% reported here. Pending toxicological reference values, urine ADs concentrations should be reduced as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA principle).
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16
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Safaei M, Shishehbore MR. A review on analytical methods with special reference to electroanalytical methods for the determination of some anticancer drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples. Talanta 2021; 229:122247. [PMID: 33838767 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that cancer, the second leading cause of death, is a morbidity with big impacts on the global health. In the last few years, chemo-therapeutic treatment continually induces alone most lengthy consequents, which is extremely harmful for the physiological and psychological health of the patients. In the present research, we discuss the recent techniques for employed for extraction, and quantitative determination of such compounds in pharmaceutical, and biological specimens. In the frame of this information, this review aims to provide basic principles of chromatography, spectroscopy, and electroanalytical methods for the analysis of anticancer drugs published in the last three years. The review also describes the recent developments regarding enhancing the limit of detection (LOD), the linear dynamic range, and so forth. The results show that the LOD for the chromatographic techniques with the UV detector was obtained equaled over the range 2.0 ng mL-1-0.2 μg mL-1, whereas the LOD values for analysis by chromatographic technique with the mass spectrometry (MS) detector was found between 10.0 pg mL-1-0.002 μg mL-1. The biological fluids could be directly injected to capillary electrophoresis (CE) in cases where the medicine concentration is at the contents greater than mg L-1 or g L-1. Additionally, electrochemical detection of the anticancer drugs has been mainly conducted by the voltammetry techniques with diverse modified electrodes, and lower LODs were estimated between 3.0 ng mL-1-0.3 μg mL-1. It is safe to say that the analyses of anticancer drugs can be achieved by employing a plethora of techniques such as electroanalytical, spectroscopy, and chromatography techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Safaei
- Department of Chemistry, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
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17
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Ueta I, Sumiya K, Fujimura K, Yoshimura T, Kikuchi R, Saito Y, Kawata K. Extraction of Volatile Anticancer Drugs in Air Using a Solid-Phase Extraction Type Device Followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric Analysis. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:341-345. [PMID: 33012760 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ifosfamide (IF), cyclophosphamide (CP), and bendamustine (BD) are widely used anticancer drugs. These drugs have slight volatility; therefore, medical-staff exposure is of concern in the medical field. However, an accurate and quantitative detection method of these volatile drugs in air has not been reported. In this study, we developed the quantitative extraction and detection method of these volatile anticancer drugs in air. For the extraction of analytes, a solid-phase extraction-type collection device packed with styrene-divinylbenzene polymer particles was used. The extracted analytes were quantitatively eluted with 5 mL of ethanol, and the solution was concentrated to 100 μL with nitrogen purging. The analytes were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The limit of detection of the proposed method for IF and CP was 0.017 and 0.033 ng L-1, respectively in air at an air sampling volume of 300 L. IF and CP showed slight volatility, whereas BD was not detected in GC-MS due to its lower volatility. The spiked recoveries of IF and CP in the proposed method were within the range of 95.5 to 101%. Finally, the proposed method was applied to determine the exposure of IF and CP during the dispensing of CP within a hospital dispensary room. The investigated volatile anticancer drugs were not detected in real air samples, indicating that the protection measures employed are sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Ueta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | | | | | - Yoshihiro Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Keishi Kawata
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Yamanashi Hospital
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18
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A highly sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method for urine biological monitoring of occupational exposure to anthracycline antineoplastic drugs and routine application. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1156:122305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Development of Molecularly Imprinted Membranes for Selective Determination of Urinary Ultra-Trace 5-Fluorouracil as Antineoplastic Drug Used in Chemotherapy. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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P S S, Trivedi RK, Srinivas NR, Mullangi R. A review of bioanalytical methods for chronic lymphocytic leukemia drugs and metabolites in biological matrices. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 34:e4742. [PMID: 31749152 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Quantitation of drugs used for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in various biological matrices during both pre-clinical and clinical developments is very important, often in routine therapeutic drug monitoring. The first developed methods for quantitation were traditionally done on LC in combination with either UV or fluorescence detection. However, the emergence of LC with mass spectrometry in tandem in early 1990s has revolutionized the quantitation as it has provided better sensitivity and selectivity within a shorter run time; therefore it has become the choice of method for the analysis of various drugs. In this article, an overview of various bioanalytical methods (HPLC or LC-MS/MS) for the quantification of drugs for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, along with applicability of these methods, is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh P S
- Jubilant Biosys, 2nd Stage, Bangalore, India
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21
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Karami F, Ranjbar S, Ghasemi Y, Negahdaripour M. Analytical methodologies for determination of methotrexate and its metabolites in pharmaceutical, biological and environmental samples. J Pharm Anal 2019; 9:373-391. [PMID: 31890337 PMCID: PMC6931080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folate antagonist drug used for several diseases, such as cancers, various malignancies, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease. Due to its structural features, including the presence of two carboxylic acid groups and its low native fluorescence, there are some challenges to develop analytical methods for its determination. MTX is metabolized to 7-hydroxymethotrexate (7-OH-MTX), 2,4-diamino-N10-methylpteroic acid (DAMPA), and the active MTX polyglutamates (MTXPGs) in the liver, intestine, and red blood cells (RBCs), respectively. Additionally, the drug has a narrow therapeutic range; hence, its therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is necessary to regulate the pharmacokinetics of the drug and to decrease the risk of toxicity. Due to environmental toxicity of MTX; its sensitive, fast and low cost determination in workplace environments is of great interest. A large number of methodologies including high performance liquid chromatography equipped with UV-visible, fluorescence, or electrochemical detection, liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, UV-visible spectrophotometry, and electrochemical methods have been developed for the quantitation of MTX and its metabolites in pharmaceutical, biological, and environmental samples. This paper will attempt to review several published methodologies and the instrumental conditions, which have been applied to measure MTX and its metabolites within the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Karami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Sara Ranjbar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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22
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Villa A, Molimard M, Bignon E, Martinez B, Rouyer M, Mathoulin-Pelissier S, Baldi I, Verdun-Esquer C, Canal-Raffin M. Study protocol for the assessment of nurses internal contamination by antineoplastic drugs in hospital centres: a cross-sectional multicentre descriptive study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e033040. [PMID: 31712349 PMCID: PMC6858204 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antineoplastic drugs (AD) are potentially carcinogenic and/or reprotoxic molecules. Healthcare professionals are increasingly exposed to these drugs and can be potentially contaminated by them. Internal contamination of professionals is a key concern for occupational physicians in the assessment and management of occupational risks in healthcare settings. Objectives of this study are to report AD internal contamination rate in nursing staff and to identify factors associated with internal contamination. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This trial will be conducted in two French hospital centres: University Hospital of Bordeaux and IUCT-Oncopole of Toulouse. The target population is nurses practicing in one of the fifteen selected care departments where at least one of the five studied AD is handled (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, methotrexate). The trial will be conducted with the following steps: (1) development of analytical methods to quantify AD urine biomarkers, (2) study of the workplace and organization around AD in each care department (transport and handling, professional practices, personal and collective protection equipments available) (3) development of a self-questionnaire detailing professional activities during the day of inclusion, (4) nurses inclusion (urine samples and self-questionnaire collection), (5) urine assays, (6) data analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol has been approved by the French Advisory Committee on the Treatment of Information in Health Research (CCTIRS) and by the French Data Protection Authority (CNIL). Following the opinion of the Regional Committee for the Protection of Persons, this study is outside the scope of the provisions governing biomedical research and routine care (n°2014/87). The results will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and reported at suitable national and international meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03137641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Villa
- Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Consultation de Pathologie Professionnelle et de I'environnement, CHU Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France
- Univ. of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Molimard
- Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bignon
- Bordeaux PharmacoEpi (BPE, CIC 1401), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Béatrice Martinez
- Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Magali Rouyer
- Bordeaux PharmacoEpi (BPE, CIC 1401), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Simone Mathoulin-Pelissier
- Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- GH Pellegrin, Pôle de Santé Publique, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologies professionnelles, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Verdun-Esquer
- GH Pellegrin, Pôle de Santé Publique, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologies professionnelles, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mireille Canal-Raffin
- Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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23
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Shu P, Zhao T, Wen B, Mendelsohn-Victor K, Sun D, Friese CR, Pai MP. Application of an innovative high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous analysis of 18 hazardous drugs to rule out accidental acute chemotherapy exposures in health care workers. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2019; 26:794-802. [PMID: 31483750 DOI: 10.1177/1078155219870591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite safe handling guidelines published by several groups, health care worker exposure to hazardous drugs continues to occur due to suboptimal engineering controls and low use of protective equipment. Simple, multi-target and specific analytical methods are needed so that acute exposures to these drugs in the workplace can be assessed rapidly. Our aim was to develop an analytical method for simultaneous detection and quantification of widely used cancer drugs to rule out accidental acute chemotherapy exposures in health care workers. METHODS We examined the feasibility of alternate high-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry methods to simultaneously detect eighteen chemotherapy analytes in plasma and urine. The linear concentration ranges tested during assay development were 0.1-50 ng/mL. After development of a multi-analyte assay protocol, plasma samples (n = 743) from a multi-center cluster-randomized clinical trial (n = 12 sites) of an hazardous drug educational intervention were assayed. Confirmatory assays were performed based on the individual acute-spill case-histories. RESULTS An innovative HPLC-multiple reaction monitoring-information dependent acquisition-enhanced production ion (MRM-IDA-EPI) analytical method was developed to simultaneously detect: cytarabine, gemcitabine, dacarbazine, methotrexate, topotecan, mitomycin, pemetrexed, irinotecan, doxorubicin, vincristine, vinblastine, ifosamide, cyclophosphamide, vinorelbine, bendamustine, etoposide, docetaxel, and paclitaxel. The retention times ranged from 4 min to 13 min for the analytical run. The limit of detection (MRM-IDA-EPI) and limit of quantitation (MRM) was 0.25 ng/mL and 0.1 ng/mL, respectively for most analytes. No detectable plasma concentrations were measured at baseline, post-intervention and in cases of documented acute spills. Use of a secondary tandem mass spectrometry approach was able to successfully rule out false positive results. CONCLUSIONS Development of a sensitive high-throughput multi-analyte cancer chemotherapy assay is feasible using an MRM-IDA-EPI method. This method can be used to rapidly rule out systemic exposure to accidental acute chemotherapy spills in health care workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Manjunath P Pai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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24
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Chauchat L, Tanguay C, Therrien R, Dufour A, Gagné S, Caron NJ, Bussières JF. Biological Monitoring of 4 Antineoplastic Drugs in Health Care Workers from 2 Adult Hospitals: A Pilot Study. Can J Hosp Pharm 2019; 72:56-59. [PMID: 30828096 PMCID: PMC6391236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Chauchat
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, DPharm candidate with Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Cynthia Tanguay
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec
| | | | - Annick Dufour
- Department of Pharmacy, CISSS de la Montérégie-Centre, Greenfield Park, Quebec
| | - Sébastien Gagné
- Centre de toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Quebec
| | - Nicolas J Caron
- Centre de toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Quebec
| | - Jean-François Bussières
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec
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25
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Broto M, McCabe R, Galve R, Marco MP. A high-specificity immunoassay for the therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclophosphamide. Analyst 2019; 144:5172-5178. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00576e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Personalized medicine is pushing forward new diagnostic techniques to aid in controlling drug therapeutic levels and their toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Broto
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D)
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology (SNT)
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC)
- Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería
| | - Rita McCabe
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D)
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology (SNT)
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC)
- Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería
| | - Roger Galve
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D)
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology (SNT)
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC)
- Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería
| | - M.-Pilar Marco
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D)
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology (SNT)
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC)
- Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería
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26
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Tao R, Gao M, Liu F, Guo X, Fan A, Ding D, Kong D, Wang Z, Zhao Y. Alleviating the Liver Toxicity of Chemotherapy via pH-Responsive Hepatoprotective Prodrug Micelles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21836-21846. [PMID: 29897226 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers have been extensively utilized to enhance the anti-tumor performance of chemotherapy, but it is very challenging to eliminate the associated hepatotoxicity. This was due to the significant liver accumulation of cytotoxic drug-loaded nanocarriers as a consequence of systemic biodistribution. To address this, we report a novel type of nanocarrier that was made of hepatoprotective compound (oleanolic acid/OA) with a model drug (methotrexate/MTX) being physically encapsulated. OA was covalently connected with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) via a hydrazone linker, generating amphiphilic mPEG-OA prodrug conjugate that could self-assemble into pH-responsive micelles (ca. 100 nm), wherein the MTX loading was ca. 5.1% (w/w). The micelles were stable at pH 7.4 with a critical micelle concentration of 10.5 μM. At the acidic endosome/lysosome microenvironment, the breakdown of hydrazone induced the micelle collapse and fast release of payloads (OA and MTX). OA also showed adjunctive anti-tumor effect with a low potency, which was proved in 4T1 cells. In the mouse 4T1 breasttumor model, MTX-loaded mPEG-OA micelles demonstrated superior capability regarding in vivo tumorgrowth inhibition because of the passive tumor targeting of nanocarriers. Unsurprisingly, MTX induced significant liver toxicity, which was evidenced by the increased liver mass and increased levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase in serum as well as in liver homogenate. MTX-induced hepatotoxicity was also accompanied with augmented oxidative stress, for example, the increase of the malondialdehyde level and the reduction of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase concentration in the liver. As expected, mPEG-OA micelles significantly reduced the liver toxicity induced by MTX because of the hepatoprotective action of OA, which was supported by the reversal of all the above biomarkers and qualitative histological analysis of liver tissue. This work offers an efficient approach for reducing the liver toxicity associated with chemotherapy, which can be applied to various antitumor drugs and hepatoprotective materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Min Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xuliang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Aiping Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | | | | | - Zheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
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27
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Lepage N, Canal-Raffin M, Villa A. Propositions pour la mise en œuvre d’une surveillance biologique de l’exposition professionnelle aux médicaments anticancéreux. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Verdun-Esquer C, Atge B, Videau N, Delva F, Leclerc I, Goujon Y, Canal-Raffin M. Exposition du personnel des établissements de soin aux médicaments anticancéreux : de l’évaluation à la prévention. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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A review of high performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric urinary methods for anticancer drug exposure of health care workers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1060:316-324. [PMID: 28654869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review describes published high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) methods for the determination of anticancer drugs in human urine as non-invasive tool for monitoring of health care worker exposure to antineoplastic and cytotoxic drugs. HPLC-MS is a sensitive and specific method for analysis of anticancer drugs and their metabolites in biological fluids. In this review, a tabular summary and overview of published HPLC-MS methods are presented, as well as future trends and limitations in this area of research.
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