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Seo SB, Lee J, Kim E, Lim J, Jang S, Son SU, Jeong Y, Kang T, Jung J, Lee KG, Lee SW, Kim K, Lim EK. On-site detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) utilizing G-quadruplex based isothermal exponential amplification reaction (GQ-EXPAR). Talanta 2024; 275:126073. [PMID: 38688085 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has a high incidence in infectious hospitals and communities, highlighting the need for early on-site detection due to its resistance to methicillin antibiotics. The present study introduces a highly sensitive detection system for mecA, a crucial methicillin marker, utilizing an RCA-based isothermal exponential amplification reaction. The G-quadruplex-based isothermal exponential amplification reaction (GQ-EXPAR) method designs probes to establish G-quadruplex secondary structures incorporating thioflavin T for fluorescence. The system, unlike conventional genetic detection methods, works with portable isothermal PCR devices (isoQuark), facilitating on-site detection. A detection limit of 0.1 fmol was demonstrated using synthetic DNA, and effective detection was proven using thermal lysis. The study also validated the detection of targets swabbed from surfaces within bacterial 3D nanostructures using the GQ-EXPAR method. After applying complementary sequences to the padlock probe for the target, the GQ-EXPAR method can be used on various targets. The developed method could facilitate rapid and accurate diagnostics within MRSA strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Beom Seo
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Lee
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Nano-Bioengineering, Research Center for Bio Materials and Process, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea; Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Lim
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, 123, Osongsaengmyeong-ro, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Jang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Uk Son
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Jeong
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejeoon Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Jung
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung G Lee
- Center for Nanobio Develpment, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyujung Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyung Lim
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Lee J, Soltis I, Tillery SA, Lee SH, Kim H, Yeo WH. Long-term stable pH sensor array with synergistic bilayer structure for 2D real-time mapping in cell culture monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 254:116223. [PMID: 38518561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Pursuing accurate, swift, and durable pH sensors is important across numerous fields, encompassing healthcare, environmental surveillance, and agriculture. In particular, the emphasis on real-time pH monitoring during cell cultivation has become increasingly pronounced in the current scientific environment-a crucial element being diligently researched to ensure optimal cell production. Both polyaniline (PANi) and iridium oxide (IrOx) show their worth in pH sensing, yet they come with challenges. Single-PANi-layered pH sensors often grapple with diminished sensitivity and lagging responses, while electrodeposited IrOx structures exhibit poor adhesion, leading to their separation from metallic substrates-a trait undesirable for a consistently stable, long-term pH sensor. This paper introduces a bi-layered PANi-IrOx pH sensor, strategically leveraging the advantages of both materials. The results presented here underscore the sensitivity enhancement of binary-phased framework, faster response time, and more robust structure than prior work. Through this synergistic strategy, we demonstrate the potential of integrating different phases to overcome the inherent constraints of individual materials, setting the stage for advanced pH-sensing solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Lee
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; IEN Center for Wearable Intelligent Systems and Healthcare at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Ira Soltis
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; IEN Center for Wearable Intelligent Systems and Healthcare at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Sayre A Tillery
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hodam Kim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; IEN Center for Wearable Intelligent Systems and Healthcare at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; IEN Center for Wearable Intelligent Systems and Healthcare at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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3
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Liu X, Yin B, Yang C, Wu S. Passivation strategies for enhancing sensitivity and repeatability of microelectrode electrochemical sensors. Talanta 2024; 273:125946. [PMID: 38508127 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The sensitivity and repeatability are crucial for the practical application of electrochemical sensors. Many studies have focused on sensing materials and electrode structure to enhance sensitivity and repeatability rather than insulating layers. In this paper, polyaniline (PANI) microelectrode arrays were prepared to explore the influence of the insulating layer on sensitivity and repeatability of electrochemical sensors. The effects of different types of insulating layers, the sizes of the electrodes, and the thicknesses of the insulating layers were studied by experiment and simulation. The research findings indicated that the kind of organic insulating layers (Polyimide (PI) and SU-8) did not have a significant effect on the performance of the sensors. However, as the electrode area increased, the PANI film deposited on the electrode exhibited improved uniformity and density, leading to significant improvements in sensitivity and repeatability of the sensors. Additionally, the thickness of the insulating layer also had a significant impact on the performance of the device. The microelectrode with thinner insulating layers exhibited improved performance in sensitivity, repeatability and signal-to-noise ratio. The research findings indicated that increasing the electrode size and reducing the thickness of the insulating layer led to a more uniform and dense PANI film, resulting in an array electrode that exhibits excellent performance and remarkable repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Liu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Bing Yin
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Shuo Wu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China.
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Chiba K, Harada Y, Matsumoto H, Matsui H, Ito N, Sekine T, Nagamine K. Screen-printed wearable skin surface pH sensor for real-time monitoring of the buffering capacity of human skin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1635-1645. [PMID: 38294529 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
This study demonstrated for the first time that skin surface pH can be monitored in real-time, using a screen-printed wearable pH sensor, to evaluate the buffering capacity of the human skin. The screen-printed pH sensor was composed of a polyaniline-based pH-sensitive electrode and a nitrocellulose membrane-based liquid junction type of Ag/AgCl reference electrode. This sensor showed a reliable and reversible potentiometric response to pH with long-term potential stability. Intermittent monitoring of the buffering capacity of skin surface pH demonstrated the reliability of the proposed wearable pH sensor, which was comparable to that of a commercially available flat-tip pH sensor. We found that contact of the wearable pH sensor with the subject's skin via aqueous electrolyte solutions was necessary for the sensor to continuously monitor the skin surface pH while sustaining the natural buffer capacity of the human skin surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Chiba
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yutaro Harada
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymeric and Organic Materials Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymeric and Organic Materials Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Naoya Ito
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Tomohito Sekine
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymeric and Organic Materials Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Nagamine
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan.
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymeric and Organic Materials Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan.
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5
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Zhu X, Sun H, Yu B, Xu L, Xiao H, Fu Z, Gao T, Yang X. A flexible pH sensor based on polyaniline@oily polyurethane/polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5627-5637. [PMID: 38352672 PMCID: PMC10863422 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07878g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
To fabricate a two-electrode flexible pH sensor based on polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric (PP SF), oily polyurethane (OPU) was first coated on the surface of PP SF to obtain OPU/PP SF. Then, silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) paste, used as the reference electrode and conductive carbon (C) paste were transferred to the OPU/PP SF surface through screen printing. Polyaniline (PANI) was deposited on the surface of the C paste to form a sensing working electrode via the electro-chemical deposition method. The results showed that the surface of the obtained PANI@OPU/PP SF flexible pH sensor (3D PANI pH sensor) presented a three-dimensional (3D) porous network structure. The 3D PANI pH sensor had good mechanical properties, an excellent Nernst response (-67.67 mV pH-1) and linearity (R2 = 0.99) in the pH range from 2.00 to 8.00 in the normal state. In the bent state, the 3D PANI pH sensor retained similar sensitivity (-68.87 mV pH-1) and linearity (R2 = 0.99). Moreover, the 3D PANI pH sensor exhibited a short response time (8 s), excellent reversibility (1.20 mV), low temperature drift (-0.0872 mV pH-1 °C-1) and long-term stability (0.83 mV h-1) in the normal state. Furthermore, the 3D PANI pH sensor can be effectively applied for pH monitoring of liquids and fruits with irregular curved surfaces. The error margin is no more than 0.16 compared to a commercial pH meter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Zhu
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
- School of Textile and Clothing and Art and Media, Suzhou Institute of Trade & Commerce 287 Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 Jiangsu China
| | - Hao Xiao
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
| | - Zhuan Fu
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
| | - Tian Gao
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing 312000 China
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6
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Gao Y, Yin B, Liu X, Wu S. Difunctional Microelectrode Arrays for Single-Cell Electrical Stimulation and pH Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2087-2093. [PMID: 38275169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Due to its direct effect on biomolecules and cells, electrical stimulation (ES) is now widely used to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and neurostimulation and is even used in the clinic for pain relief, treatment of nerve damage, and muscle rehabilitation. Conventional ES is mostly studied on cell populations, but the heterogeneity of cancer cells results in the inability to access the response of individual cells to ES. Therefore, detecting the extracellular pH change (ΔpHe) after ES at the single-cell level is important for the application of ES in tumor therapy. In this study, cellular ΔpHe after periodic impulse electrostimulation (IES) was monitored in situ by using a polyaniline (PANI)-modified gold microelectrode array. The PANI sensor had excellent sensitivity (53.68 mV/pH) and linear correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999) over the pH range of 5.55-7.41. The cells showed different degrees of ΔpHe after the IES with different intervals and stimulation potential. A shorter pulse interval and a higher stimulation potential could effectively enhance stimulation and increase cellular ΔpHe. At 0.5 V potential stimulation, the cellular ΔpHe increased with decreasing pulse interval. However, if the pulse interval was long enough, even at a higher potential of 0.7 V, there was no significant additional ΔpHe due to the insufficient stimulus strength. Based on the above conclusions, the prepared PANI microelectrode arrays (MEAs) were capable of stimulating and detecting single cells, which contributed to the deeper application of ES in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yin
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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7
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Eldeeb MA, Dhamu VN, Paul A, Muthukumar S, Prasad S. Espial: Electrochemical Soil pH Sensor for In Situ Real-Time Monitoring. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2188. [PMID: 38138357 PMCID: PMC10745296 DOI: 10.3390/mi14122188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a first-of-its-kind electrochemical sensor that demonstrates direct real-time continuous soil pH measurement without any soil pre-treatment. The sensor functionality, performance, and in-soil dynamics have been reported. The sensor coating is a composite matrix of alizarin and Nafion applied by drop casting onto the working electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and squarewave voltammetry (SWV) studies were conducted to demonstrate the functionality of each method in accurately detecting soil pH. The studies were conducted on three different soil textures (clay, sandy loam, and loamy clay) to cover the range of the soil texture triangle. Squarewave voltammetry showed pH-dependent responses regardless of soil texture (while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy's pH detection range was limited and dependent on soil texture). The linear models showed a sensitivity range from -50 mV/pH up to -66 mV/pH with R2 > 0.97 for the various soil textures in the pH range 3-9. The validation of the sensor showed less than a 10% error rate between the measured pH and reference pH for multiple different soil textures including ones that were not used in the calibration of the sensor. A 7-day in situ soil study showed the capability of the sensor to measure soil pH in a temporally dynamic manner with an error rate of less than 10%. The test was conducted using acidic and alkaline soils with pH values of 5.05 and 8.36, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Eldeeb
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | | | - Anirban Paul
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | | | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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8
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Youssef K, Ullah A, Rezai P, Hasan A, Amirfazli A. Recent advances in biosensors for real time monitoring of pH, temperature, and oxygen in chronic wounds. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100764. [PMID: 37674780 PMCID: PMC10477692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds are among the major healthcare issues affecting millions of people worldwide with high rates of morbidity, losses of limbs and mortality. Microbial infection in wounds is a severe problem that can impede healing of chronic wounds. Accurate, timely and early detection of infections, and real time monitoring of various wound healing biomarkers related to infection can be significantly helpful in the treatment and care of chronic wounds. However, clinical methodologies of periodic assessment and care of wounds require physical visit to wound care clinics or hospitals and time-consuming frequent replacement of wound dressing patches, which also often adversely affect the healing process. Besides, frequent replacements of wound dressings are highly expensive, causing a huge amount of burden on the national health care systems. Smart bandages have emerged to provide in situ physiochemical surveillance in real time at the wound site. These bandages integrate smart sensors to detect the condition of wound infection based on various parameters, such as pH, temperature and oxygen level in the wound which reduces the frequency of changing the wound dressings and its associated complications. These devices can continually monitor the healing process, paving the way for tailored therapy and improved quality of patient's life. In this review, we present an overview of recent advances in biosensors for real time monitoring of pH, temperature, and oxygen in chronic wounds in order to assess infection status. We have elaborated the recent progress in quantitative monitoring of several biomarkers important for assessing wounds infection status and its detection using smart biosensors. The review shows that real-time monitoring of wound status by quantifying specific biomarkers, such as pH, temperature and tissue oxygenation to significantly aid the treatment and care of chronic infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Youssef
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Pouya Rezai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Alidad Amirfazli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Yoon ES, Park HJ, Kil MS, Kim J, Lee KG, Choi BG. Preparation of nanopillar array electrode of iridium oxide for high performance of
pH
sensor and its real‐time sweat monitoring. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seop Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National University Samcheok South Korea
| | - Hong Jun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National University Samcheok South Korea
| | - Min Sik Kil
- Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National University Samcheok South Korea
| | - Jueun Kim
- Center for Nano Bio Development National NanoFab Center Daejeon South Korea
| | - Kyoung G. Lee
- Center for Nano Bio Development National NanoFab Center Daejeon South Korea
| | - Bong Gill Choi
- Center for Nano Bio Development National NanoFab Center Daejeon South Korea
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10
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Zhao Y, Yu Y, Zhao S, Zhu R, Zhao J, Cui G. Highly sensitive pH sensor based on flexible polyaniline matrix for synchronal sweat monitoring. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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11
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Wang RR, Zheng ML, Zhang WC, Liu J, Li T, Dong XZ, Jin F. Micropattern of Silver/Polyaniline Core-Shell Nanocomposite Achieved by Maskless Optical Projection Lithography. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9823-9830. [PMID: 36473163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the development of device miniaturization, a flexible and fast preparation method is in demand for achieving microstructures with desired patterns. We develop a novel photoreduction-polymerization method for preparing conductive metal-polymer patterns. Ag/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized by maskless optical projection lithography (MOPL) technology, which is based on multiphoton absorption and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. The individualized design and synthesis of the nanocomposite patterns at the micro-nano scale are flexibly realized on a variety of substrates. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) is demonstrated on the microstructure of a square maze-shaped Ag/PANI nanocomposite. The electrical conductivity of the as-prepared nanocomposite is obtained. The preparation protocol proposed in this study opens up new avenues for the fabrication of micro-nano devices such as sensors and detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Wang
- Laboratory of Organic NanoPhotonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqihu Campus, Beijing 101407, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zheng
- Laboratory of Organic NanoPhotonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Cai Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic NanoPhotonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqihu Campus, Beijing 101407, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratory of Organic NanoPhotonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Teng Li
- Laboratory of Organic NanoPhotonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqihu Campus, Beijing 101407, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zi Dong
- Laboratory of Organic NanoPhotonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Jin
- Laboratory of Organic NanoPhotonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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Pan M, Luo S, Yan B, Ye J, Zhang S. A Novel TiO2-SnO2 Micro-arc Oxidation Film pH Sensor prepared by Micro-arc Oxidation. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Kim Y, Lee T, Kim M, Park S, Hu J, Lee K, Hong Y, Park I, Lee G. Fast Responsive, Reversible Colorimetric Nanoparticle-Hydrogel Complexes for pH Monitoring. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4081. [PMID: 36432366 PMCID: PMC9699376 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels containing redox-sensitive colorimetric nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to sense ambient pH in many fields owing to their simple and fast visualization capabilities. However, real-time pH monitoring still has limitations due to its poor response rate and irreversibility. Herein, we developed a fast responsive colorimetric hydrogel called ferrocene adsorption colorimetric hydrogel (FACH). Ferrocene, an organometallic compound, plays a vital role as an electron transfer mediator (i.e., redox catalyst) within the hydrogel network. FACH shows fast color change performance with high reactivity and penetrability to ambient pH changes. In detail, FACH shows distinct color change within 2 min under various pH conditions from four to eight, with good reliability. The speed for color change of FACH is approximately six times faster than that of previously developed colorimetric hydrogels, suggesting the fastest hydrogel-based colorimetric pH sensor. Furthermore, FACH shows reversibility and repeatability of the redox process, indicating scalable utility as a sustainable pH monitoring platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeha Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiashu Hu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoochan Hong
- Department of Medical Device, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daegu 42994, Republic of Korea
| | - Insu Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyudo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
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14
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Simple electrochromic sensor for the determination of amines based on the proton sensitivity of polyaniline film. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Laffitte Y, Gray BL. Potentiometric pH Sensor Based on Flexible Screen-Printable Polyaniline Composite for Textile-Based Microfluidic Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1376. [PMID: 36143999 PMCID: PMC9503819 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Skin pH can be used for monitoring infections in a healing wound, the onset of dermatitis, and hydration in sports medicine, but many challenges exist in integrating conventional sensing materials into wearable platforms. We present the development of a flexible, textile-based, screen-printed electrode system for biosensing applications, and demonstrate flexible polyaniline (PANI) composite-based potentiometric sensors on a textile substrate for real-time pH measurement. The pH response of the optimized PANI/dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid/screen-printing ink composite is compared to electropolymerized and drop-cast PANI sensors via open circuit potential measurements. High sensitivity was observed for all sensors between pH 3-10, with a composite based on PANI emeraldine base, demonstrating sufficient response time and a linear sensitivity of -27.9 mV/pH. This exceeded prior flexible screen-printed pH sensors in which all parts of the sensor, including the pH sensing material, are screen-printed. Even better sensitivity was observed for a PANI emeraldine salt composite (-42.6 mV/pH), although the response was less linear. Furthermore, the sensor was integrated into a screen-printed microfluidic channel demonstrating sample isolation during measurement for wearable, micro cloth-based analytical devices. This is the first fully screen-printed flexible PANI composite pH sensor demonstrated on a textile substrate that can additionally be integrated with textile-based microfluidic channels.
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16
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Sadeghi-Avalshahr AR, Molavi AM, Nokhasteh S, Harati Z. Recent advances in fabrication of smart dressings for real-time monitoring of pH in chronic wounds—a review. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Abstract
An optimized mixture of polydopamine (PDA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is employed as the surface functionalizing agent and reducing agent to encapsulate individual polypropylene (PP) fibers of polypropylene micromembrane (PPMM). The functionalized PPMM becomes hydrophilic to allow the formation of Au nuclei for subsequent electroless Au deposition. The metalized PPMM is further deposited with IrO2 nanoparticles, and evaluated as a flexible and porous pH sensor. Images from scanning electron microscope confirms the uniform formation of IrO2 nanoparticles on Au-coated PP fibers. For pH-sensing performance, the IrO2-decorated metalized PPMM reveals a super-Nernstian response for a sensing slope of -74.45 mV/pH in aqueous solutions with pH value ranging between 2 and 12. In addition, the pH-sensing performance is properly maintained after 5000 bending cycles and hysteresis is modest in an acidic environment. The cell viability test indicates a negligible bio-toxicity. Our strategy of using a conductive polymeric membrane decorated with IrO2 nanoparticles enables possible sensing applications in wearable and implantable electronics.
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18
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Zhao H, Su R, Teng L, Tian Q, Han F, Li H, Cao Z, Xie R, Li G, Liu X, Liu Z. Recent advances in flexible and wearable sensors for monitoring chemical molecules. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1653-1669. [PMID: 35040855 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06244a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, real-time health management has received increasing attention, benefiting from the rapid development of flexible and wearable devices. Conventionally, flexible and wearable devices are used for collecting health data such as electrophysiological signals, blood pressure, heart rate, etc. The monitoring of chemical factors has shown growing significance, providing the basis for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of many diseases. Nowadays, in order to understand the health status of the human body more comprehensively and accurately, researchers in the community have started putting effort into developing wearable devices for monitoring chemical factors. Progressively, more flexible chemical sensors with wearable real-time health-monitoring functionality have been developed thanks to advances relating to wireless communications and flexible electronics. In this review, we describe the variety of chemical molecules and information that can currently be monitored, including pH levels, glucose, lactate, uric acid, ion levels, cytokines, nutrients, and other biomarkers. This review analyzes the pros and cons of the most advanced wearable chemical sensors in terms of wearability. At the end of this review, we discuss the current challenges and development trends relating to flexible and wearable chemical sensors from the aspects of materials, electrode designs, and soft-hard interface connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Rui Su
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Lijun Teng
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Qiong Tian
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Fei Han
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Hanfei Li
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Zhengshuai Cao
- Center for Opto-Electronic Engineering and Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Ruijie Xie
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Guanglin Li
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Xijian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Neural Engineering Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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19
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Siddiqui J, Taheri M, Alam AU, Deen MJ. Nanomaterials in Smart Packaging Applications: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2101171. [PMID: 34514693 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Food wastage is a critical and world-wide issue resulting from an excess of food supply, poor food storage, poor marketing, and unstable markets. Since food quality depends on consumer standards, it becomes necessary to monitor the quality to ensure it meets those standards. Embedding sensors with active nanomaterials in food packaging enables customers to monitor the quality of their food in real-time. Though there are many different sensors that can monitor food quality and safety, pH sensors and time-temperature indicators (TTIs) are the most critical metrics in indicating quality. This review showcases some of the recent progress, their importance, preconditions, and the various future needs of pH sensors and TTIs in food packaging for smart sensors in food packaging applications. In discussing these topics, this review includes the materials used to make these sensors, which vary from polymers, metals, metal-oxides, carbon-based materials; and their modes of fabrication, ranging from thin or thick film deposition methods, solution-based chemistry, and electrodeposition. By discussing the use of these materials, novel fabrication process, and problems for the two sensors, this review offers solutions to a brighter future for the use of nanomaterials for pH indicator and TTIs in food packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Siddiqui
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Mahtab Taheri
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Arif Ul Alam
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - M Jamal Deen
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
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20
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Yang L, Liu X, Yin B, Deng X, Lin X, Song J, Wu S. High-Throughput and Real-Time Monitoring of Single-Cell Extracellular pH Based on Polyaniline Microarrays. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13852-13860. [PMID: 34612621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of extracellular pH (pHe) at the single-cell level is critical for elucidating the mechanisms of disease development and investigating drug effects, with particular importance in cancer cells. However, there are still some challenges for analyzing and measuring pHe due to the strong heterogeneity of cancer cells. Thus, it is necessary to develop a reliable method with good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability for achieving the pHe heterogeneity of cancer cells. In this paper, we report a high-throughput, real-time measuring technique based on polyaniline (PANI) microelectrode arrays for monitoring single-cell pHe. The PANI microelectrode array not only has a high sensitivity (57.22 mV/pH) ranging from pH 6.0 to 7.6 but also exhibits a high reliability (after washing, the PANI film was still smooth, dense, and with a sensitivity of 55.9 mV/pH). Our results demonstrated that the pHe of the cancer cell region is lower than that of the surrounding blank region, and pHe changes of different cancer cells exhibit significant cellular heterogeneity during cellular respiration and drug stimulation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Bing Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Xunxun Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Shuo Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China
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21
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Zea M, Texidó R, Villa R, Borrós S, Gabriel G. Specially Designed Polyaniline/Polypyrrole Ink for a Fully Printed Highly Sensitive pH Microsensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33524-33535. [PMID: 34227800 PMCID: PMC8397255 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
pH sensing for healthcare applications requires sensors with mechanically stable materials of high sensitivity and high reproducibility combined with low-cost fabrication technologies. This work proposes a fully printed pH sensor based on a specially formulated conducting polymer deposited on a microelectrode in a flexible substrate. A formulation, which combined polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) with integrated polyelectrolyte poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS), was specially prepared to be printed by inkjet printing (IJP). The sensor has good sensitivity in the physiological region (pH 7-7.5) key for the healthcare biosensor. This mixture printed over a commercial gold ink, which has a singular chemical functionalization with phthalocyanine (Pc), increased the sensor sensitivity, showing an excellent reproducibility with a linear super-Nernstian response (81.2 ± 0.5 mV/pH unit) in a wide pH range (pH 3-10). This new ink together with the IJP low-cost technique opens new opportunities for pH sensing in the healthcare field with a single device, which is disposable, highly sensitive, and stable in the whole pH range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Zea
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- PhD
in Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Texidó
- Grup
d’Enginyeria de Materials, Institut
Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, vía Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Villa
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup
d’Enginyeria de Materials, Institut
Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, vía Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Gabriel
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
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22
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Srinivas S, Ashokkumar K, Sriraghavan K, Senthil Kumar A. A prototype device of microliter volume voltammetric pH sensor based on carbazole-quinone redox-probe tethered MWCNT modified three-in-one screen-printed electrode. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13905. [PMID: 34230547 PMCID: PMC8260652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As an alternate for the conventional glass-based pH sensor which is associated with problems like fragile nature, alkaline error, and potential drift, the development of a new redox-sensitive pH probe-modified electrode that could show potential, current-drift and surface-fouling free voltammetric pH sensing is a demanding research interest, recently. Herein, we report a substituted carbazole-quinone (Car-HQ) based new redox-active pH-sensitive probe that contains benzyl and bromo-substituents, immobilized multiwalled carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon (GCE/MWCNT@Car-HQ) and screen-printed three-in-one (SPE/MWCNT@Car-HQ) electrodes for selective, surface-fouling free pH sensor application. This new system showed a well-defined surface-confined redox peak at an apparent standard electrode potential, Eo' = - 0.160 V versus Ag/AgCl with surface-excess value, Γ = 47 n mol cm-2 in pH 7 phosphate buffer solution. When tested with various electroactive chemicals and biochemicals such as cysteine, hydrazine, NADH, uric acid, and ascorbic acid, MWCNT@Car-HQ showed an unaltered redox-peak potential and current values without mediated oxidation/reduction behavior unlike the conventional hydroquinone, anthraquinone and other redox mediators based voltammetry sensors with serious electrocatalytic effects and in turn potential and current drifts. A strong π-π interaction, nitrogen-atom assisted surface orientation and C-C bond formation on the graphitic structure of MWCNT are the plausible reasons for stable and selective voltammetric pH sensing application of MWCNT@Car-HQ system. Using a programed/in-built three-in-one screen printed compatible potentiostat system, voltammetric pH sensing of 3 μL sample of urine, saliva, and orange juice samples with pH values comparable to that of milliliter volume-based pH-glass electrode measurements has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Srinivas
- Nano and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Krishnan Ashokkumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Kamaraj Sriraghavan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
| | - Annamalai Senthil Kumar
- Nano and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
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23
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Abstract
Nowadays, we are assisting in the exceptional growth in research relating to the development of wearable devices for sweat analysis. Sweat is a biofluid that contains useful health information and allows a non-invasive, continuous and comfortable collection. For this reason, it is an excellent biofluid for the detection of different analytes. In this work, electrochemical sensors based on polyaniline thin films deposited on the flexible substrate polyethylene terephthalate coated with indium tin oxide were studied. Polyaniline thin films were abstained by the potentiostatic deposition technique, applying a potential of +2 V vs. SCE for 90 s. To improve the sensor performance, the electronic substrate was modified with reduced graphene oxide, obtained at a constant potential of −0.8 V vs. SCE for 200 s, and then polyaniline thin films were electrodeposited on top of the as-deposited substrate. All samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, static contact angle and FT-IR/ATR analysis to correlate the physical-chemical features with the performance of the sensors. The obtained electrodes were tested as pH sensors in the range from 2 to 8, showing good behavior, with a sensitivity of 62.3 mV/pH, very close to a Nernstian response, and a reproducibility of 3.8%. Interference tests, in the presence of competing ions, aimed to verify the selectivity, were also performed. Finally, a real sweat sample was collected, and the sweat pH was quantified with both the proposed sensor and a commercial pH meter, showing an excellent concordance.
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24
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Saikrithika S, Kumar AS. A selective voltammetric pH sensor using graphitized mesoporous carbon/polyaniline hybrid system. J CHEM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-021-01908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Kim KH, Hwang A, Song Y, Lee WS, Moon J, Jeong J, Bae NH, Jung YM, Jung J, Ryu S, Lee SJ, Choi BG, Kang T, Lee KG. 3D Hierarchical Nanotopography for On-Site Rapid Capture and Sensitive Detection of Infectious Microbial Pathogens. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4777-4788. [PMID: 33502164 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Effective capture and rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria causing pandemic/epidemic diseases is an important task for global surveillance and prevention of human health threats. Here, we present an advanced approach for the on-site capture and detection of pathogenic bacteria through the combination of hierarchical nanostructures and a nuclease-responsive DNA probe. The specially designed hierarchical nanocilia and network structures on the pillar arrays, termed 3D bacterial capturing nanotopographical trap, exhibit excellent mechanical reliability and rapid (<30 s) and irreversible bacterial capturability. Moreover, the nuclease-responsive DNA probe enables the highly sensitive and extremely fast (<1 min) detection of bacteria. The bacterial capturing nanotopographical trap (b-CNT) facilitates the on-site capture and detection of notorious infectious pathogens (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus) from kitchen tools and food samples. Accordingly, the usefulness of the b-CNT is confirmed as a simple, fast, sensitive, portable, and robust on-site capture and detection tool for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hoon Kim
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Hwang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Younseong Song
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang Sik Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Moon
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Jeong
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Ho Bae
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwa Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jae Lee
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Gill Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejoon Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung G Lee
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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26
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Chmayssem A, Verplanck N, Tanase CE, Costa G, Monsalve-Grijalba K, Amigues S, Alias M, Gougis M, Mourier V, Vignoud S, Ghaemmaghami AM, Mailley P. Development of a multiparametric (bio)sensing platform for continuous monitoring of stress metabolites. Talanta 2021; 229:122275. [PMID: 33838777 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing need for real-time monitoring of metabolic products that could reflect cell damages over extended periods. In this paper, we report the design and development of an original multiparametric (bio)sensing platform that is tailored for the real-time monitoring of cell metabolites derived from cell cultures. Most attractive features of our developed electrochemical (bio)sensing platform are its easy manufacturing process, that enables seamless scale-up, modular and versatile approach, and low cost. In addition, the developed platform allows a multiparametric analysis instead of single-analyte analysis. Here we provide an overview of the sensors-based analysis of four main factors that can indicate a possible cell deterioration problem during cell-culture: pH, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide/nitrite and lactate. Herein, we are proposing a sensors platform based on thick-film coupled to microfluidic technology that can be integrated into any microfluidic system using Luer-lock connectors. This platform allows obtaining an accurate analysis of the secreting stress metabolites during cell/tissues culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Chmayssem
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Nicolas Verplanck
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, LSMB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Constantin Edi Tanase
- Immunology & Immuno-Bioengineering Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Guillaume Costa
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Simon Amigues
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Mélanie Alias
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Gougis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Véronique Mourier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Séverine Vignoud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Amir M Ghaemmaghami
- Immunology & Immuno-Bioengineering Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Mailley
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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Morshed M, Wang J, Gao M, Wang Z. Poly-2-amino-benzonitrile, a wide dynamic pH linear responding material. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tian H, Dai Y, Fu W, Liu H, Li M, Lv M, Yin X. Dansyl-modified carbon dots with dual-emission for pH sensing, Fe 3+ ion detection and fluorescent ink. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36971-36979. [PMID: 35521248 PMCID: PMC9057030 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06097f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a multifunctional ratiometric fluorescence (FL) nanohybrid (CSCDs@DC) was synthesized from chitosan based carbon dots (CSCDs) and dansyl chloride (DC) at room temperature. The CSCDs@DC revealed strong FL intensity, great stability and excellent anti-photobleaching properties. Herein, CSCDs@DC was responsive to pH value in the range of 1.5-4.0 and exhibited color-switchable FL properties between acidic and alkaline environments. In addition, CSCDs@DC showed good selectivity and sensitivity towards Fe3+ ions. A good linear relationship for the Fe3+ ion detection was obtained in the range from 0 μM to 100 μM, with a detection limit of 1.23 μM. What's more, CSCDs@DC can be used as a fluorescent ink. It expressed superior optical properties after 3 months of storage or continuous exposure to UV light for 24 h. This study suggested that CSCDs@DC had potential in the detection of pH and metal ions, as well as showing promising application in the anti-counterfeiting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tian
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Yongcheng Dai
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Wenzhe Fu
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Haifang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Haikou Municipal People Hospital) Haikou Hainan 570208 P. R. China
| | - Mengting Li
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Meiyuan Lv
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Xueqiong Yin
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
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Wang P, Hu M, Wang H, Chen Z, Feng Y, Wang J, Ling W, Huang Y. The Evolution of Flexible Electronics: From Nature, Beyond Nature, and To Nature. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001116. [PMID: 33101851 PMCID: PMC7578875 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The flourishing development of multifunctional flexible electronics cannot leave the beneficial role of nature, which provides continuous inspiration in their material, structural, and functional designs. During the evolution of flexible electronics, some originated from nature, some were even beyond nature, and others were implantable or biodegradable eventually to nature. Therefore, the relationship between flexible electronics and nature is undoubtedly vital since harmony between nature and technology evolution would promote the sustainable development. Herein, materials selection and functionality design for flexible electronics that are mostly inspired from nature are first introduced with certain functionality even beyond nature. Then, frontier advances on flexible electronics including the main individual components (i.e., energy (the power source) and the sensor (the electric load)) are presented from nature, beyond nature, and to nature with the aim of enlightening the harmonious relationship between the modern electronics technology and nature. Finally, critical issues in next-generation flexible electronics are discussed to provide possible solutions and new insights in prospective exploration directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Mengmeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Zhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Yuping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Wei Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
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Park YM, Ahn J, Choi YS, Jeong JM, Lee SJ, Lee JJ, Choi BG, Lee KG. Flexible nanopillar-based immunoelectrochemical biosensor for noninvasive detection of Amyloid beta. NANO CONVERGENCE 2020; 7:29. [PMID: 32870415 PMCID: PMC7462961 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-020-00239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The noninvasive early detection of biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is essential for the development of specific treatment strategies. This paper proposes an advanced method for fabricating highly ordered and flexible nanopillar-based electrochemical biosensors by the combination of soft/photolithography and metal evaporation. The nanopillar array (NPA) exhibits high surface area containing 1500 nm height and 500 nm diameter with 3:1 ratio. In regard with physical properties of polyurethane (PU) substrate, the developed NPA is sustainable and durable to external pressure such as bending and twisting. To manipulate the NPA surface to biocompatible, the gold was uniformly deposited on the PU substrate. The thiol chemistry which is stably modified on the gold surface as a form of self-assembled monolayer was employed for fabricating the NPA as a biocompatible chip by covalently immobilize the antibodies. The proposed nanopillar-based immunoelectrochemical biosensor exhibited good and stable electrochemical performance in β-amyloid (Aβ) detection. Moreover, we successfully confirmed the performance of the as-developed sensor using the artificial injection of Aβ in human tear, with sensitivity of 0.14 ng/mL and high reproducibility (as a standard deviation below 10%). Our findings show that the developed nanopillar-based sensor exhibits reliable electrochemical characteristics and prove its potential for application as a biosensor platform for testing at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Min Park
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensor/Chip Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyoung Ahn
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Choi
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensor/Chip Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Jeong
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Seok Jae Lee
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensor/Chip Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jong Lee
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong Gill Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, 25913, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoung G Lee
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensor/Chip Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Park HJ, Jeong JM, Yoon JH, Son SG, Kim YK, Kim DH, Lee KG, Choi BG. Preparation of ultrathin defect-free graphene sheets from graphite via fluidic delamination for solid-contact ion-to-electron transducers in potentiometric sensors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 560:817-824. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Yoon JH, Kim SM, Park HJ, Kim YK, Oh DX, Cho HW, Lee KG, Hwang SY, Park J, Choi BG. Highly self-healable and flexible cable-type pH sensors for real-time monitoring of human fluids. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 150:111946. [PMID: 31929084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Development of sensing technology with wearable chemical sensors is realizing non-invasive, real-time monitoring healthcare and disease diagnostics. The advanced sensor devices should be compact and portable for use in limited space, easy to wear on human body, and low-cost for personalized healthcare markets. Here, we report a highly sensitive, flexible, and autonomously self-healable pH sensor cable developed by weaving together two carbon fiber thread electrodes coated with mechanically robust self-healing polymers. The pH sensor cable showed excellent electrochemical performances of sensitivity, repeatability, and durability. Spontaneous and autonomous sensor healing efficiency of the pH sensor cable was demonstrated by measuring sensitivity during four cycles of cutting and healing process. The pH sensor cable could measure pH in small volumes of real human fluid samples, including urine, saliva, and sweat, and the results were similar to those of a commercial pH meter. Taken together, successful real-time pH monitoring for human sweat was demonstrated by fabricating a wearable sensing system in which the pH sensor cable was knitted into a headband integrated with wireless electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Gangwon-do, 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Kim
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Gangwon-do, 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Kyun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Gangwon-do, 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeop X Oh
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Won Cho
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung G Lee
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National Nanofab Center, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Hwang
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeyoung Park
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong Gill Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Gangwon-do, 25913, Republic of Korea.
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Fan YZ, Dong JX, Zhang Y, Li N, Liu SG, Geng S, Ling Y, Luo HQ, Li NB. A smartphone-coalesced nanoprobe for high selective ammonia sensing based on the pH-responsive biomass carbon nanodots and headspace single drop microextraction. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 219:382-390. [PMID: 31059890 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia concentration together with pH values are important and closely linked indexes for aqueous systems. Rapid on-site determination of ammonia or pH is of great significance to environmental monitoring. In this work, a pH-switchable nanoprobe based on biomass carbon dots (CDs) is developed using a smartphone as a simple and handy instrument. The CDs demonstrate sensitive pH response in wide linear ranges of 6.1-13.6, and 2.0-13.6 with colorimetric and fluorescent channels, respectively. It is the pH-induced aggregation that governs the color and fluorescence switch. With the pH evolution caused by the dissolution of ammonia, the smartphone-integrated nanoprobe is applied to ammonia detection with a broad range of 0.5-300 mM. Moreover, the headspace single drop microextraction strategy can concentrate ammonia from matrix, offering a remarkably high selectivity for ammonia determination. Finally, the practical applications of this method for ammonia analysis obtained satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Xue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Geng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ling
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Qun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nian Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Ghoneim MT, Nguyen A, Dereje N, Huang J, Moore GC, Murzynowski PJ, Dagdeviren C. Recent Progress in Electrochemical pH-Sensing Materials and Configurations for Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 119:5248-5297. [PMID: 30901212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
pH-sensing materials and configurations are rapidly evolving toward exciting new applications, especially those in biomedical applications. In this review, we highlight rapid progress in electrochemical pH sensors over the past decade (2008-2018) with an emphasis on key considerations, such as materials selection, system configurations, and testing protocols. In addition to recent progress in optical pH sensors, our main focus in this review is on electromechanical pH sensors due to their significant advances, especially in biomedical applications. We summarize developments of electrochemical pH sensors that by virtue of their optimized material chemistries (from metal oxides to polymers) and geometrical features (from thin films to quantum dots) enable their adoption in biomedical applications. We further present an overview of necessary sensing standards and protocols. Standards ensure the establishment of consistent protocols, facilitating collective understanding of results and building on the current state. Furthermore, they enable objective benchmarking of various pH-sensing reports, materials, and systems, which is critical for the overall progression and development of the field. Additionally, we list critical issues in recent literary reporting and suggest various methods for objective benchmarking. pH regulation in the human body and state-of-the-art pH sensors (from ex vivo to in vivo) are compared for suitability in biomedical applications. We conclude our review by (i) identifying challenges that need to be overcome in electrochemical pH sensing and (ii) providing an outlook on future research along with insights, in which the integration of various pH sensors with advanced electronics can provide a new platform for the development of novel technologies for disease diagnostics and prevention.
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Park HJ, Yoon JH, Lee KG, Choi BG. Potentiometric performance of flexible pH sensor based on polyaniline nanofiber arrays. NANO CONVERGENCE 2019; 6:9. [PMID: 30880366 PMCID: PMC6421353 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-019-0179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report potentiometric performance of a polyaniline nanofiber array-based pH sensor fabricated by combining a dilute chemical polymerization and low-cost and simple screen printing process. The pH sensor had a two-electrode configuration consisting of polyaniline nanofiber array sensing electrode and Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Measurement of electromotive force between sensing and reference electrodes provided various electrochemical properties of pH sensors. The pH sensor show excellent sensor performances of sensitivity of 62.4 mV/pH, repeatability of 97.9% retention, response time of 12.8 s, and durability of 3.0 mV/h. The pH sensor could also measure pH changes as the milk is spoiled, which is similar to those of a commercial pH meter. The pH sensors were highly flexible, and thus can measure the fruit decay on the curved surface of an apple. This flexible and miniature pH sensor opens new opportunities for monitoring of water, product process, human health, and chemical (or bio) reactions even using small volumes of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346 Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913 Republic of Korea
| | - Jo Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346 Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung G. Lee
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Gill Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346 Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913 Republic of Korea
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Yang G, Pang G, Pang Z, Gu Y, Mantysalo M, Yang H. Non-Invasive Flexible and Stretchable Wearable Sensors With Nano-Based Enhancement for Chronic Disease Care. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2018; 12:34-71. [PMID: 30571646 DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2018.2887301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Advances in flexible and stretchable electronics, functional nanomaterials, and micro/nano manufacturing have been made in recent years. These advances have accelerated the development of wearable sensors. Wearable sensors, with excellent flexibility, stretchability, durability, and sensitivity, have attractive application prospects in the next generation of personal devices for chronic disease care. Flexible and stretchable wearable sensors play an important role in endowing chronic disease care systems with the capability of long-term and real-time tracking of biomedical signals. These signals are closely associated with human body chronic conditions, such as heart rate, wrist/neck pulse, blood pressure, body temperature, and biofluids information. Monitoring these signals with wearable sensors provides a convenient and non-invasive way for chronic disease diagnoses and health monitoring. In this review, the applications of wearable sensors in chronic disease care are introduced. In addition, this review exploits a comprehensive investigation of requirements for flexibility and stretchability, and methods of nano-based enhancement. Furthermore, recent progress in wearable sensors-including pressure, strain, electrophysiological, electrochemical, temperature, and multifunctional sensors-is presented. Finally, opening research challenges and future directions of flexible and stretchable sensors are discussed.
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37
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Yu Y, Joshi PC, Wu J, Hu A. Laser-Induced Carbon-Based Smart Flexible Sensor Array for Multiflavors Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:34005-34012. [PMID: 30215506 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a flexible sensor array electronic tongue system that is fabricated on a polymer substrate by the laser direct writing process for multiflavor detection. Electronic tongue is a sensing system that is applied to detect different elements with the same sensor array. By analyzing responses from different measurement units, it enables a cross-sensitivity, namely, the ability of the system to responding to a range of different analytes in solution without specific functionalization of sensors. In this article, a six-unit sensing array system was fabricated by a laser direct writing process. Sensing units were introduced on a flexible polyamide surface. A high surface-volume ratio porous carbon structure was created by a laser-induced carbonization process, which provides stable conductive carbon electrodes with high sensitivity. Different surface treatments, such as gold plating, reduced-graphene oxide coating, and polyaniline coating, were accomplished for different measurement units. By applying principal component analysis, this sensing system shows a promising result for the detection of multiple flavors. The detection limit for each element is about 0.1 mM for NaCl and sugar solutions. Also, it is able to detect 10-4 times diluted commercial table vinegar solution, which originally contains 5% acetic acid. The detection limit is theoretically lower than the human threshold of 10 mM for NaCl and sugar. Besides, the sensing system shows a high sensitivity and selectivity for mixed elements. By mapping the data points, the sensor system could detect flavor combinations and provide a reliable prediction of analyte concentration ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pooran C Joshi
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831-6061 , United States
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38
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Ultrasonic fabrication of flexible antibacterial ZnO nanopillar array film. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 170:172-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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39
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Thu VT, Tien BQ, Ngoc Nga DT, Thanh LC, Sinh LH, Le TC, Lam TD. Reduced graphene oxide-polyaniline film as enhanced sensing interface for the detection of loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification products by open circuit potential measurement. RSC Adv 2018; 8:25361-25367. [PMID: 35539802 PMCID: PMC9082585 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04050h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of low cost, portable diagnostic tools for in-field detection of viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms is in great demand but remains challenging. In this study, a novel approach based on reduced graphene oxide-polyaniline (rGO-PANi) film for the in situ detection of loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification (LAMP) products by means of open circuit potential measurement is proposed. The pH-sensitive conducting polymer PANi was electro-deposited onto rGO coated screen printed electrodes and tuned to be at the emeraldine state at which the pH sensitivity was maximized. By combining PANi and rGO, the pH sensitivity of the system was modulated up to about −64 mV per pH unit. This enabled the number of amplified amplicons resulting from the isothermal amplification process to be monitored. The sensor was then examined for monitoring LAMP reactions using Hepatitis B virus (HBV) as a model. This simple, low-cost, reproducible and sensitive interfacing layer is expected to provide a new possibility for designing point-of-care sensors under limited-resource conditions. A novel disposable sensor based on reduced graphene oxide-polyaniline (rGO-PANi) for detection of loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification (LAMP) products.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thi Thu
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH)
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
- Center for High Technology Development (HTD)
| | - Bui Quang Tien
- Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST)
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
- Military Academy of Logistics
| | - Dau Thi Ngoc Nga
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH)
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
- Center for High Technology Development (HTD)
| | - Ly Cong Thanh
- Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST)
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy
| | | | - Tu Cam Le
- School of Engineering
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Tran Dai Lam
- Center for High Technology Development (HTD)
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST)
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40
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Sensors and Biosensors for C-Reactive Protein, Temperature and pH, and Their Applications for Monitoring Wound Healing: A Review. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17122952. [PMID: 29257113 PMCID: PMC5750823 DOI: 10.3390/s17122952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wound assessment is usually performed in hospitals or specialized labs. However, since patients spend most of their time at home, a remote real time wound monitoring would help providing a better care and improving the healing rate. This review describes the advances in sensors and biosensors for monitoring the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), temperature and pH in wounds. These three parameters can be used as qualitative biomarkers to assess the wound status and the effectiveness of therapy. CRP biosensors can be classified in: (a) field effect transistors, (b) optical immunosensors based on surface plasmon resonance, total internal reflection, fluorescence and chemiluminescence, (c) electrochemical sensors based on potentiometry, amperometry, and electrochemical impedance, and (d) piezoresistive sensors, such as quartz crystal microbalances and microcantilevers. The last section reports the most recent developments for wearable non-invasive temperature and pH sensors suitable for wound monitoring.
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Fabrication of newspaper-based potentiometric platforms for flexible and disposable ion sensors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 508:167-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jin LN, Shao F, Jin C, Zhang JN, Liu P, Guo MX, Bian SW. High-performance textile supercapacitor electrode materials enhanced with three-dimensional carbon nanotubes/graphene conductive network and in situ polymerized polyaniline. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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