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McCarthy MM, Fletcher J, Wright F, Del Giudice I, Wong A, Aouizerat BE, Vaughan Dickson V, Melkus GD. Factors Associated With the Cardiovascular Health of Black and Latino Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. Biol Res Nurs 2024; 26:438-448. [PMID: 38448370 DOI: 10.1177/10998004241238237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to assess the levels of cardiovascular health (CVH) of Black and Latino adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and examine the association of individual and microsystem level factors with their CVH score. METHODS This was a cross-sectional design in 60 Black and Latino Adults aged 18-40 with T2D. Data were collected on sociodemographic, individual (sociodemographic, diabetes self-management, sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, quality of life, and the inflammatory biomarkers IL-6 and hs-CRP) and microsystem factors (family functioning), and American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 metrics of CVH. Factors significantly associated with the CVH score in the bivariate analyses were entered into a linear regression model. RESULTS The sample had a mean age 34 ± 5 years and was primarily female (75%) with a mean CVH score was 8.6 ± 2.2 (possible range of 0-14). The sample achieved these CVH factors at ideal levels: body mass index <25 kg/m2 (8%); blood pressure <120/80 (42%); hemoglobin A1c < 7% (57%); total cholesterol <200 mg/dL (83%); healthy diet (18%); never or former smoker > one year (95%); and physical activity (150 moderate-to-vigorous minutes/week; 45%). In the multivariable model, two factors were significantly associated with cardiovascular health: hs-CRP (B = -0.11621, p < .0001) and the general health scale (B = 0.45127, p = .0013). CONCLUSIONS This sample had an intermediate level of CVH, with inflammation and general health associated with overall CVH score.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Fletcher
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fay Wright
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inés Del Giudice
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Agnes Wong
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Chen X, Hou Y, Liao A, Pan L, Yang S, Liu Y, Wang J, Xue Y, Zhang M, Zhu Z, Huang J. Integrated Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Adipose Transcriptome Reveals Beneficial Effects of Resistant Dextrin from Wheat Starch on Insulin Resistance in Kunming Mice. Biomolecules 2024; 14:186. [PMID: 38397423 PMCID: PMC10886926 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic chronic inflammation is recognized as a significant contributor to the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. Previous studies have revealed the physiological benefits of resistant dextrin (RD), including obesity reduction, lower fasting glucose levels, and anti-inflammation. The present study investigated the effects of RD intervention on insulin resistance (IR) in Kunming mice, expounding the mechanisms through the gut microbiome and transcriptome of white adipose. In this eight-week study, we investigated changes in tissue weight, glucose-lipid metabolism levels, serum inflammation levels, and lesions of epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) evaluated via Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Moreover, we analyzed the gut microbiota composition and transcriptome of eWAT to assess the potential protective effects of RD intervention. Compared with a high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHSD) group, the RD intervention significantly enhanced glucose homeostasis (e.g., AUC-OGTT, HOMA-IR, p < 0.001), and reduced lipid metabolism (e.g., TG, LDL-C, p < 0.001) and serum inflammation levels (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, p < 0.001). The RD intervention also led to changes in the gut microbiota composition, with an increase in the abundance of probiotics (e.g., Parabacteroides, Faecalibaculum, and Muribaculum, p < 0.05) and a decrease in harmful bacteria (Colidextribacter, p < 0.05). Moreover, the RD intervention had a noticeable effect on the gene transcription profile of eWAT, and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that differential genes were enriched in PI3K/AKT, AMPK, in glucose-lipid metabolism, and in the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes signaling pathways. The findings demonstrated that RD not only ameliorated IR, but also remodeled the gut microbiota and modified the transcriptome profile of eWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Chen
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yinchen Hou
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Aimei Liao
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Long Pan
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shengru Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Yingying Liu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yingchun Xue
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhitong Zhu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jihong Huang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
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3
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Wang S, Wu J, Chen Z, Wu W, Lu L, Cheng Y, Li S, Chen L, Tan X, Yang L, Wang C, Song Y. DNA methylation reprogramming mediates transgenerational diabetogenic effect induced by early-life p,p'-DDE exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140907. [PMID: 38092165 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that an adverse environment during the early fetal development can affect the epigenetic modifications on a wide range of diabetes-related genes, leading to an increased diabetic susceptibility in adulthood or even in subsequent generations. p,p'-Dichlorodiphenoxydichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) is a break-down product of the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). p,p'-DDE has been associated with various health concerns, such as diabetogenic effect. However, the precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, p,p'-DDE was given by gavage to pregnant rat dams from gestational day (GD) 8 to GD15 to generate male germline to investiagate the transgenerational effects. We found that early-life p,p'-DDE exposure increased the transgenerational diabetic susceptibility through male germline inheritance. In utero exposure to p,p'-DDE altered the sperm DNA methylome in F1 progeny, and a significant number of those differentially methylated genes could be inherited by F2 progeny. Furthermore, early-life p,p'-DDE exposure altered DNA methylation in glucose metabolic genes Gck and G6pc in sperm and the methylation modification were also found in liver of the next generation. Our study demonstrate that DNA methylation plays a critical role in mediating transgenerational diabetogenic effect induced by early-life p,p'-DDE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Center for Genomics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11021 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Lu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhou Cheng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Li
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Charles Wang
- Center for Genomics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11021 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Yang Song
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China.
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Fan Y, Yan Z, Li T, Li A, Fan X, Qi Z, Zhang J. Primordial Drivers of Diabetes Heart Disease: Comprehensive Insights into Insulin Resistance. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:19-36. [PMID: 38173376 PMCID: PMC10850268 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance has been regarded as a hallmark of diabetes heart disease (DHD). Numerous studies have shown that insulin resistance can affect blood circulation and myocardium, which indirectly cause cardiac hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling, participating in the pathogenesis of DHD. Meanwhile, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia associated with insulin resistance can directly impair the metabolism and function of the heart. Targeting insulin resistance is a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of DHD. Currently, the role of insulin resistance in the pathogenic development of DHD is still under active research, as the pathological roles involved are complex and not yet fully understood, and the related therapeutic approaches are not well developed. In this review, we describe insulin resistance and add recent advances in the major pathological and physiological changes and underlying mechanisms by which insulin resistance leads to myocardial remodeling and dysfunction in the diabetic heart, including exosomal dysfunction, ferroptosis, and epigenetic factors. In addition, we discuss potential therapeutic approaches to improve insulin resistance and accelerate the development of cardiovascular protection drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Aolin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinbiao Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongwen Qi
- Institute of Gerontology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Li S, Li H, Kong H, Wu SY, Cheng CK, Xu J. Endogenous and microbial biomarkers for periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1292596. [PMID: 38149100 PMCID: PMC10750125 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1292596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been well documented that there is a two-way relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Diabetes mellitus represents an established risk factor for chronic periodontitis. Conversely, chronic periodontitis adversely modulates serum glucose levels in diabetic patients. Activated immune and inflammatory responses are noted during diabetes and periodontitis, under the modulation of similar biological mediators. These activated responses result in increased activity of certain immune-inflammatory mediators including adipokines and microRNAs in diabetic patients with periodontal disease. Notably, certain microbes in the oral cavity were identified to be involved in the occurrence of diabetes and periodontitis. In other words, these immune-inflammatory mediators and microbes may potentially serve as biomarkers for risk assessment and therapy selection in diabetes and periodontitis. In this review, we briefly provide an updated overview on different potential biomarkers, providing novel diagnostic and therapeutic insights on periodontal complications and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjun Li
- Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) Hospital, Institute of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT), Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongwen Li
- Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) Hospital, Institute of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiying Kong
- Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) Hospital, Institute of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shang Ying Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) Hospital, Institute of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Longgang Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Wang Y, Zhou W, Liu D, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Wan X, Yu H, Yan S. Exploration of the molecular mechanism of insulin resistance in adipose tissue of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a bioinformatic analysis. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2023; 48:440-446. [PMID: 37534872 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.22.03771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine the cis-expression Quantitative Trait Loci (cis-eQTL) and trans-eQTL of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in insulin resistance (IR) related pathways. METHODS The expression profile data for insulin sensitivity (IS) and IR in the adipose tissue of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Then, the Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) methods were performed to identify the significant enrichment of potential Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways between IS and IR groups, and the Wilcoxon rank sum test was carried out to identify the DEGs related to KEGG pathways. Finally, the cis-eQTLs and trans-eQTLs that can affect the expression of DEGs were screened from the eQTLGen database. RESULTS The GSEA and GSVA analysis indicated that the mTOR signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway and T2DM had a strong correlation with the pathological process of T2DM. Furthermore, six genes (ACACA, GYS2, PCK1, PRKAR1A, SLC2A4, and VEGFA) were found to be significantly differentially expressed in IR-related pathways. Finally, we have identified a total of 1073 cis-eQTLs and 24 trans-eQTLs. CONCLUSIONS We screened out six genes that were significantly differentially expressed in IR-related pathways, including ACACA, GYS2, PCK1, PRKAR1A, SLC2A4, and VEGFA. Moreover, we discovered that these six genes were affected by 1073 cis-eQTLs and 24 trans-eQTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiyu Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dana Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanxin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaojing Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiqiao Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China -
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El-Gendy MS, El-Gezawy ES, Saleh AA, Alhotan RA, Al-Badwi MAA, Hussein EOS, El-Tahan HM, Kim IH, Cho S, Omar SM. Investigating the Chemical Composition of Lepidium sativum Seeds and Their Ability to Safeguard against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Dysfunction. Foods 2023; 12:4129. [PMID: 38002187 PMCID: PMC10670087 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most frequently used food additives that endanger public health. The antioxidant, hyperlipidemic, and cytoprotective properties of Lepidium sativum seeds (LSS) as a natural remedy can minimize the harmful effects of MSG. This study investigated the potential protective effect of LSS against MSG-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male albino Sprague Dawley rats (n = 24) were equally divided into four groups for 30 days: the control group (G1) received a basal diet without supplement, group (G2) was fed a basal diet + MSG (30 g/kg b.w.) as a model group, group (G3) was fed a basal diet + MSG (30 g/kg b.w.) + LSS (30 g/kg b.w.), and group (G4) was fed a basal diet + MSG (30 g/kg b.w.) + LSS (60 g/kg b.w.). LSS enhanced serum alkaline phosphatase activity as well as total cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels. It can decrease peroxide content in serum lipids and inhibit glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase in hepatic cells. The dietary supplementation with LSS provided cytoprotection by enhancing the histoarchitecture of the liver and decreasing the number of apoptotic cells. Due to their antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, LSS effectively protect against the hepatotoxicity of MSG. These findings are of the highest significance for drawing attention to incorporating LSS in our food industry and as a health treatment in traditional medicine to combat MSG-induced hepatic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Salah El-Gendy
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Tanta 31732, Egypt
| | - Eman Sobhy El-Gezawy
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Tanta 31732, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 333516, Egypt
| | - Rashed A. Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. A. Al-Badwi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Osman Sewlim Hussein
- AlKhumasia for Feed and Animal Products, Riyadh-Olaya-Al Aqareyah 2-Office 705, P.O. Box 8344, Riyadh 11982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam M. El-Tahan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki 12611, Egypt
- Animal Resource and Science Department, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 330714, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Animal Resource and Science Department, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 330714, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Animal Resource and Science Department, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 330714, Republic of Korea
| | - Sara Mahmoud Omar
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Tanta 31732, Egypt
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Chobe MP, Nanjundaiah RM, Chobe S, Raghuram N. Effect of yoga on adipokine levels among overweight and obese people: A systematic review. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100813. [PMID: 38041935 PMCID: PMC10711476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines have an important role in the pathophysiology of overweight and obesity and associated inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE The present review aims to evaluate the role of Yoga on adipokines among people with overweight and obesity. METHODS Authors performed a systematic search for relevant research studies as per the PRISMA guidelines in Google Scholar, Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsychInfo electronic databases. Two independent authors conducted the selection of articles, data extraction, assessment of the risk of bias for individual studies. Any disagreements were resolved by discussion with the third author. RESULTS Eight randomized trials and four uncontrolled trials involving a total of 1054 participants were included. Yoga with varying frequencies was administered for different durations. The studied adipokines among overweight and obese were leptin, adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), chemerin, visfatin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). The methodological quality of the included studies was low to moderate on the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The higher the frequency and duration of Yoga practice, the more significant changes in the adipokine levels were seen. CONCLUSION The present review indicates that Yoga practices positively impacts adipokines among people with overweight and obesity. However, the present study precludes the generalizability of results due to the methodological heterogeneity, the type of Yoga intervention, and settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi P Chobe
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India; Department of Yoga, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Ramesh Mavathur Nanjundaiah
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India
| | - Shivaji Chobe
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India; Department of Yoga, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India.
| | - Nagaratna Raghuram
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India
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Wiecek M, Szymura J, Kusmierczyk J, Lipowska M, Szygula Z. Whole-Body Cryotherapy Improves Asprosin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Postmenopausal Women-Perspectives in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1602. [PMID: 38002284 PMCID: PMC10669023 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a global problem. The effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on metabolism in humans is postulated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of WBC on asprosin concentrations, glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with T2DM. Changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, asprosin, insulin-resistance indices (HOMA-IR, Quicki), the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. Determination was carried out after 30 WBCs (3 min, -120 °C), applied in six series of five treatments, with 2-day breaks in postmenopausal women with T2DM and the results were compared to changes in postmenopausal women without T2DM (CON). Blood was collected before 1 WBC (T0), after 30 WBCs (T1) and 2 weeks after their completion (T2). In the T2DM group, there was a significant decrease in FBG and HbA1c in T1 and T2, as well as a significant decrease in insulin, HOMA-IR and CRP, and an increase in the Quicki index in T2. In the CON group, the concentration of asprosin at T2 was significantly lower than at T0. There was a significantly positive correlation between asprosin and FBG and HOMA-IR, and a trend towards a decrease of asprosin concentration in T2 in postmenopausal women with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wiecek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Szymura
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Kusmierczyk
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Lipowska
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Szygula
- Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
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Mallardo M, Signoriello E, Lus G, Daniele A, Nigro E. Adiponectin Alleviates Cell Injury due to Cerebrospinal Fluid from Multiple Sclerosis Patients by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Response. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1692. [PMID: 37371787 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common disabling neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation and neuronal cell viability impairment. Based on previous studies reporting that adiponectin exhibits neuroprotective effects in some models of neurodegenerative diseases, we analyzed the effects of AdipoRon treatment, alone or in combination with the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with MS (MS-CSF), to verify whether this adipokine acts on the basal neuronal cellular processes. To this aim, SH-SY5Y and U-87 cells (models of neuronal and glial cells, respectively) were exposed to MS-CSF alone or in co-treatment with AdipoRon. The cell viability was determined via MTT assay, and the possible underlying mechanisms were investigated via the alterations of oxidative stress and inflammation. MTT assay confirmed that AdipoRon alone did not affect the viability of both cell lines; whereas, when used in combination with MS-CSF, it reduces MS-CSF inhibitory effects on the viability of both SH-SY5Y and U-87 cell lines. In addition, MS-CSF treatment causes an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, whereas it determines the reduction in anti-inflammatory IL-10. Interestingly, the co-administration of AdipoRon counteracts the MS-CSF-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, whereas it determines an enhancement of IL-10. In conclusion, our data suggest that AdipoRon counteracts the cytotoxic effects induced by MS-CSF on SH-SY5Y and U-87 cell lines and that one of the potential molecular underlying mechanisms might occur via reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are essential to confirm whether adiponectin could be a neuro-protectant candidate against neuronal cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mallardo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Signoriello
- Centro di Sclerosi Multipla, II Clinica Neurologica, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lus
- Centro di Sclerosi Multipla, II Clinica Neurologica, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, "Federico II" Università degli Studi di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
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11
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Yadav U, Kumar N, Sarvottam K. Role of obesity related inflammation in pathogenesis of peripheral artery disease in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:175-188. [PMID: 37255816 PMCID: PMC10225462 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as one of the greatest global health challenges of twenty-first century. Visceral obesity is one of the most important determinant of insulin resistance (IR) as well as T2DM complications. Therefore this review focuses on the molecular mechanism of obesity induced inflammation, signaling pathways contributing to diabetes, as well as role of lifestyle interventions and medical therapies in the prevention and management of T2DM. Method Articles were searched on digital data base PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The key words used for search included Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance, vascular inflammation and peripheral arterial disease. Result Visceral obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation and activation of immune systems which are involved in pathogenesis of obesity related IR and T2DM. Conclusion Metabolic dysregulation of adipose tissue leads to local hypoxia, misfolded/unfolded protein response and increased circulating free fatty acids, which in turn initiate inflammatory signaling cascades in the population of infiltrating cells. Mechanism that relates the role of adipocytokines with insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis might throw a light on the development of therapeutic interventions and subsequently might result in the reduction of vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umashree Yadav
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Nilesh Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Kumar Sarvottam
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
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12
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Kumar S, Chhimwal J, Kumar S, Singh R, Patial V, Purohit R, Padwad YS. Phloretin and phlorizin mitigates inflammatory stress and alleviate adipose and hepatic insulin resistance by abrogating PPARγ S273-Cdk5 interaction in type 2 diabetic mice. Life Sci 2023; 322:121668. [PMID: 37023949 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and accompanying insulin resistance is alarming globally. Natural and synthetic agonists of PPARγ are potentially attractive candidates for diabetics and are known to efficiently reverse adipose and hepatic insulin resistance, but related side effects and escalating costs are the causes of concern. Therefore, targeting PPARγ with natural ligands is advantageous and promising approach for the better management of T2DM. The present research aimed to assess the antidiabetic potential of phenolics Phloretin (PTN) and Phlorizin (PZN) type 2 diabetic mice. MAIN METHODS In silico docking was performed to check the effect of PTN and PZN on PPARγ S273-Cdk5 interactions. The docking results were further validated in preclinical settings by utilizing a mice model of high fat diet-induced T2DM. KEY FINDINGS Computational docking and further MD-simulation data revealed that PTN and PZN inhibited the activation of Cdk5, thereby blocking the phosphorylation of PPARγ. Our in vivo results further demonstrated that PTN and PZN administration significantly improved the secretory functions of adipocytes by increasing adiponectin and reducing inflammatory cytokine levels, which ultimately reduced the hyperglycaemic index. Additionally, combined treatment of PTN and PZN decreased in vivo adipocyte expansion and increased Glut4 expression in adipose tissues. Furthermore, PTN and PZN treatment reduced hepatic insulin resistance by modulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory markers. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, our findings strongly imply that PTN and PZN are candidates as nutraceuticals in the management of comorbidities related to diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Jyoti Chhimwal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Vikram Patial
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India.
| | - Yogendra S Padwad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India.
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13
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Zang P, Yang C, Lei H, Guo Q, Wang W, Shao J. Ghrelin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose-induced islet cells through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:768-775. [PMID: 36718083 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin may have therapeutic value in mitigating insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, based on which we further explore the action mechanism of ghrelin on islet cells in this research. In the course of experiments, MIN6 cells were induced by glucose and then treated with acylated or unacylated ghrelin. The effects of ghrelin on the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and insulin release of high glucose-induced islet cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Meanwhile, cells were treated with LY294002 to explore whether and how the inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-AKT) signaling pathway participated in the internal mechanism of ghrelin-regulating islet cells. Western blotting was performed to quantify the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, Cleaved caspase-3, PI3K, and AKT. As a result, ghrelin alleviated high glucose-induced suppression of viability and proliferation and promotion on apoptosis of MIN6 cells. Ghrelin also attenuated the inhibitory effects of high glucose on expression levels of PI3K-Akt signaling axis-related proteins and insulin release in MIN6 cells. Besides, ghrelin weakened the impacts of high glucose on boosting MIN6 cell apoptosis and hindering proliferation through the PI3K-Akt signaling axis. Collectively, ghrelin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose-induced islet cells through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuihua Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyu Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Moroni-González D, Sarmiento-Ortega VE, Diaz A, Brambila E, Treviño S. Pancreas-Liver-Adipose Axis: Target of Environmental Cadmium Exposure Linked to Metabolic Diseases. TOXICS 2023; 11:223. [PMID: 36976988 PMCID: PMC10059892 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium has been well recognized as a critical toxic agent in acute and chronic poisoning cases in occupational and nonoccupational settings and environmental exposure situations. Cadmium is released into the environment after natural and anthropogenic activities, particularly in contaminated and industrial areas, causing food pollution. In the body, cadmium has no biological activity, but it accumulates primarily in the liver and kidney, which are considered the main targets of its toxicity, through oxidative stress and inflammation. However, in the last few years, this metal has been linked to metabolic diseases. The pancreas-liver-adipose axis is largely affected by cadmium accumulation. Therefore, this review aims to collect bibliographic information that establishes the basis for understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms linked to cadmium with carbohydrate, lipids, and endocrine impairments that contribute to developing insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Moroni-González
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Diaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 22 South. FCQ9, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
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15
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Carica Papaya Reduces High Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Development of Inflammation in Adipocyte via IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α Mediated Signaling Mechanisms in Type-2 Diabetic Rats. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:852-884. [PMID: 36826001 PMCID: PMC9956039 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in contemporary society has brought attention to how serious it is all around the world. Obesity, a proinflammatory condition defined by hypertrophied adipocytes and immune cells that reside in adipose tissue, is characterized by elevated circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines. The pro-inflammatory mediators trigger a number of inflammatory pathways and affect the phosphorylation of a number of insulin-signaling pathways in peripheral tissues. In this work, we pointed the outcome of the leaves of Carica papaya (C. papaya) on the inflammatory molecules by in vivo and in silico analysis in order to prove its mechanisms of action. Adipocytokines, antioxidant enzymes, gene and protein expression of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules (mTOR, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IKKβ) by q-RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, as well as histopathological analysis, in adipose tissues were carried out. C. papaya reinstated the levels of adipocytokines, antioxidant enzymes and mRNA levels of mTOR, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IKKβ in the adipose tissues of type 2 diabetic rats. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation studies revealed that caffeic acid, transferulic acid and quercetin had the top hit rates against IKKβ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and mTOR. This study concludes that C. papaya put back the altered effects in fatty tissue of type 2 diabetic rats by restoring the adipocytokines and the gene expression.
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Effect of Berberis vulgaris Fruit Powder on Visfatin and Metabolic Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. J Herb Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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17
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Qin S, Liu M, Tang S, Shuai E, Wang Z, Yu K, Cai W. Rapid Characterization and Action Mechanism of the Antidiabetic Effect of Diospyros lotus L Using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS and Network Pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:8000126. [PMID: 36624749 PMCID: PMC9825215 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diospyros lotus L, F. Ebenaceae, is an edible fruit that is widely distributed in China and other Asian countries. Presently, Diospyros lotus L can be used to treat patients with diabetes; however, its chemical composition and pharmacological profiles remain to be elucidated. This study investigated the potential bioactive compounds of Diospyros lotus L and their mechanisms of action using LC-MS and network pharmacology analysis. First, the components of Diospyros lotus L were identify using a reliable strategy for UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry combined with parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) in the negative ion mode. Second, a network pharmacology study, including target gene prediction and functional enrichment, was applied to screen the main quality markers of Diospyros lotus L and explore its potential mechanism for the treatment of diabetes. The results showed that a total of 159 compounds were identified from Diospyros lotus L, among which, 140 were reported for the first time. Furthermore, 40 active components, such as quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol, were proposed as active components of Diospyros lotus L for the treatment of diabetes based on network pharmacology analysis. In addition, 92 relevant antidiabetic targets were mainly related to positive regulation of transcription from the RNA polymerase II promoter, extracellular space, and protein binding, suggesting the involvement of TNF, PI3K-Akt, and HIF-1 signaling pathways in the antidiabetic effect of Diospyros lotus L. Our results may provide a useful approach to identify potential active components and molecular mechanisms of Diospyros lotus L for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Mingjuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Sunv Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - E. Shuai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Kaiquan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
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Relationships between Sclerostin, Leptin and Metabolic Parameters in Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Males. J Pers Med 2022; 13:jpm13010031. [PMID: 36675692 PMCID: PMC9864785 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin is an inhibitor of the Wnt-beta-catenin pathway. The relationship between sclerostin and adipose tissue or between sclerostin and nutritional status has been the subject of research interest in the last decade. Sclerostin concentrations are elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Leptin is an adipocytokine which inhibits food intake by stimulating the satiety center in the hypothalamus. Leptin concentrations rise with the reduction of eGFR (glomerular filtration rate). The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between sclerostin and leptin, between sclerostin and selected poor prognostic factors of CKD progression, and between sclerostin and nutritional parameters in non-dialysis CKD male patients. 101 men with non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 were included in the study. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) was used to measure body composition. Blood samples were drawn to measure the serum concentrations of sclerostin, leptin, creatinine, hemoglobin (Hgb), parathormone (PTH), inflammatory markers, and markers of nutritional status. We also measured homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as blood pressure. We observed a significant, positive relationship between sclerostin and age, leptin, and glycated hemoglobin (HgbA1c) concentrations. A significant, negative association was observed between sclerostin and eGFR. Sclerostin is associated with leptin in non-dialysis CKD male patients. Sclerostin is also related to metabolic disturbances such as hyperglycemia in this population.
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19
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Nishikai-Shen T, Hosono-Fukao T, Ariga T, Hosono T, Seki T. Cinnamon extract improves abnormalities in glucose tolerance by decreasing Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family 1 expression in adipocytes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12574. [PMID: 35869105 PMCID: PMC9307619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWe previously demonstrated that cinnamon extract (CE) alleviates streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in rats. The present study aimed to elucidate the detailed molecular target of cinnamon in cultured adipocytes and epididymal adipose tissue of type 2 diabetes model mice. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was employed to determine the molecular target of cinnamon in adipocytes. The function of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family-1 (ACSL1), a molecular target of cinnamon that was identified in this study, was further investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using specific inhibitors. Type 2 diabetes model mice (KK-Ay/TaJcl) were used to investigate the effect of CE on glucose tolerance, ACSL1 expression, and related signal molecules in vivo. CE decreased ACSL1 mRNA and protein expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes but increased glucose uptake and AMPK signaling activation; moreover, a similar effect was observed with an ACSL1 inhibitor. CE improved glucose tolerance and downregulated ACSL1 in mice adipose tissue in vivo. ACSL1 was demonstrated as a molecular target of CE in type 2 diabetes both in a cell culture system and diabetic mouse model.
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20
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Xu F, Ning X, Zhao T, Lu Q, Chen H. Visfatin is negatively associated with coronary artery lesions in subjects with impaired fasting glucose. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1405-1411. [PMID: 36128447 PMCID: PMC9449683 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is not determined whether serum visfatin levels are related to the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in non-diabetic subjects. In this study, a total of 65 consecutive non-diabetic participants who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled. Serum visfatin and fasting glucose, as well as the serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride, were measured in all participants before the procedure. The extent of coronary artery lesions was determined by Gensini score. Serum visfatin levels were significantly lower in patients with CAD compared to participants with normal coronary arteries. Inversely, the circulating levels of fasting glucose were found to be elevated in patients with CAD compared with the control subjects. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that visfatin and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were independently associated with the presence of CAD in non-diabetics. No significant relationship was found between serum visfatin and fasting glucose levels in IFG subjects. However, there was a negative association between visfatin concentrations and Gensini score in participants with IFG. Both circulating visfatin concentrations and IFG are independently associated with CAD in non-diabetics. Serum visfatin levels are negatively related to the angiographic severity of CAD in subjects with IFG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Xiang Ning
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Huiqiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
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The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091616. [PMID: 36141228 PMCID: PMC9498506 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by the abnormal or excessive accumulation of body fat, affecting more than 1 billion people worldwide. Obesity is commonly associated with other metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and cancers. Factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, and other environmental and genetic conditions can cause obesity. Many molecules and signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), adhesion molecules, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Commonly used strategies of obesity management and treatment include exercise and dietary change or restriction for the early stage of obesity, bariatric surgery for server obesity, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medicines such as semaglutide and liraglutide that can be used as monotherapy or as a synergistic treatment. In addition, psychological management, especially for patients with obesity and distress, is a good option. Gut microbiota plays an important role in obesity and its comorbidities, and gut microbial reprogramming by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics shows promising potential in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Many clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the therapeutic effects of different treatments. Currently, prevention and early treatment of obesity are the best options to prevent its progression to many comorbidities.
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22
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Venojärvi M, Lindström J, Aunola S, Nuutila P, Atalay M. Improved Aerobic Capacity and Adipokine Profile Together with Weight Loss Improve Glycemic Control without Changes in Skeletal Muscle GLUT-4 Gene Expression in Middle-Aged Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148327. [PMID: 35886175 PMCID: PMC9320448 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
(1) Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the role of adipokines in the regulation of glucose metabolism in middle-aged obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance in response to a long-term exercise and dietary intervention. (2) Methods: Skeletal muscle, plasma and serum samples were examined in 22 subjects from an exercise−diet intervention study aiming to prevent type 2 diabetes. The subjects were further divided into two subgroups (non-responders n = 9 and responders n = 13) based on their achievement in losing at least 3 kg. (3) Results: The two-year exercise−diet intervention reduced leptin levels and increased adiponectin levels in responders; the changes in leptin levels were significantly associated with changes in their weights (r = 0.662, p < 0.01). In responders, insulin sensitivity (Bennett and McAuley index) increased and was associated with changes in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) (r = 0.831, p < 0.010 and r = 0.890, p < 0.01). In addition, the VO2peak and oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle improved in responders, but not in non-responders. However, there were no changes between the two groups in expressions of the glucose transporter protein-4 (GLUT-4) gene or of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-α1 or AMPK-α2 proteins. (4) Conclusions: The exercise−diet intervention decreased serum leptin and increased serum adiponectin concentrations, improved glucose control without affecting GLUT-4 gene expression in the skeletal muscle in responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Sirkka Aunola
- Functional Capacity Unit, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 20740 Turku, Finland;
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- PET Centre, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland;
| | - Mustafa Atalay
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
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Investigation of the mechanism of Shen Qi Wan prescription in the treatment of T2DM via network pharmacology and molecular docking. In Silico Pharmacol 2022; 10:9. [PMID: 35673584 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-022-00124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Shen Qi Wan (SQW) prescription has been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for thousands of years, but its pharmacological mechanism is still unclear. The network pharmacology method was used to reveal the potential pharmacological mechanism of SQW in the treatment of T2DM in this study. Nine core targets were identified through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, which were AKT1, INSR, SLC2A1, EGFR, PPARG, PPARA, GCK, NOS3, and PTPN1. Besides, this study found that SQW treated the T2DM through insulin resistance (has04931), insulin signaling pathway (has04910), adipocytokine signaling pathway (has04920), AMPK signaling pathway (has04152) and FoxO signaling pathway (has04068) via ingredient-hub target-pathway network analysis. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the drug-target interaction network in this research. This study provides a certain explanation for treating T2DM by SQW prescription, and provides a certain angle and method for researchers to study the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of complex diseases. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-022-00124-2.
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Differential Association of Selected Adipocytokines, Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, Visfatin and Chemerin, with the Pathogenesis and Progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia: A Case Control Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050735. [PMID: 35629157 PMCID: PMC9143828 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sedentary lifestyles, urbanization and improvements in socio-economic status have had serious effects on the burden of diabetes across the world. Diabetes is one of the 10 leading causes of death globally, and individuals with diabetes have a 2–3-fold increased risk of all-cause mortality. Adipose tissue is increasingly understood as a highly active endocrine gland that secretes many biologically active substances, including adipocytokines. However, the exact and discrete pathophysiological links between obesity and T2DM are not yet fully elucidated. Methods: In the current study, we present the association of five diverse adipocytokines, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and chemerin, with T2DM in 87 patients (46 males and 41 females) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 85 healthy controls (44 males and 41 females) from the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. The patients were divided into four groups: normal BMI, overweight, obese and severely obese. The baseline biochemical characteristics, including HbA1c and anthropometric lipid indices, such as BMI and waist–hip ratio, were determined by standard procedures, whereas the selected adipokine levels were assayed by ELISA. Results: The results showed significantly decreased levels of adiponectin in the T2DM patients compared to the control group, and the decrease was more pronounced in obese and severely obese T2DM patients. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in the females compared to the males in the controls as well as all the four groups of T2DM patients. In the male T2DM patients, a progressive increase was observed in the leptin levels as the BMI increased, although these only reached significantly altered levels in the obese and severely obese patients. The serum leptin levels were significantly higher in the severely obese female patients compared to the controls, patients with normal BMI, and overweight patients. The leptin/adiponectin ratio was significantly higher in the obese and severely obese patients compared to the controls, patients with normal BMI, and overweight patients in both genders. The serum resistin levels did not show any significant differences between the males and females in thr controls or in the T2DM groups, irrespective of the BMI status of the T2DM patients. The visfatin levels did not reveal any significant gender-based differences, but significantly higher levels of visfatin were observed in the T2DM patients, irrespective of their level of obesity, although the higher values were observed in the obese and highly obese patients. Similarly, the serum chemerin levels in the controls, as well as in T2DM patients, did not show any significant gender-based differences. However, in the T2DM patients, the chemerin levels showed a progressive increase, with the increase in BMI reaching highly significant levels in the obese and severely obese patients, respectively. Conclusion: In summary, it is concluded that significantly altered concentrations of four adipokines, adiponectin, leptin, visfatin and chemerin, were found in the T2DM patient group compared to the controls, with more pronounced alterations observed in the obese and highly obese patients. Thus, it can be surmised that these four adipokines play a profound role in the onset, progression and associated complications of T2DM. In view of the relatively small sample size in our study, future prospective studies are needed on a large sample size to explore the in-depth relationship between adipokines and T2DM.
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25
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Ungurianu A, Zanfirescu A, Grădinaru D, Ionescu-Tîrgoviște C, Dănciulescu Miulescu R, Margină D. Interleukins and redox impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: mini-review and pilot study. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:511-522. [PMID: 35067142 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2033049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a leading cause of morbidity and premature mortality, low-grade inflammation being acknowledged as a key contributor to its development and progression. A tailored therapeutic approach, based on sensitive and specific biomarkers, could allow a more accurate analysis of disease susceptibility/prognostic and of the response to treatment. OBJECTIVES This mini-review and pilot study had two main goals: (1) reviewing the most recent literature encompassing the use of interleukins as inflammatory markers influenced by the redox imbalances in T2DM and (2) assessing parameters that conjunctly evaluate the redox impairment and inflammatory burden of T2DM patients, taking into consideration smoking status, as such group-specific biomarkers are scarcely reported in literature. METHODS Firstly, PubMed database was surveyed to select and review the relevant studies employing interleukins as T2DM biomarkers and to assess if studies using combined inflammatory-redox indices were reported. Then, routine biochemical parameters were assessed in a pilot study -T2DM patients with 3 subgroups: non-smokers, smokers and ex-smokers, were compared to a control group of non-diabetic, apparently healthy non-smokers. Protein (AOPPs, AGEs), lipid/HDL (Amplex Red-based method) oxidative damage and inflammatory status (CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) biomarkers were assessed. Cytokine ratios and 2 oxidative-inflammatory status indices were developed (IH1 and IH2) and evaluated. RESULTS We observed significant differences in terms of serum redox and inflammatory status (AOPPs, AGEs, CRP, CRP/HDL, CRP/IL-6, IL-10/IL-6, IH1) between T2DM patients compared to control and, moreover, between the subgroups formed considering smoking status (CRP, CRP/HDL, IH1). Glycemic control strongly influenced inflammatory status biomarkers: glycemia was positively correlated with the inflammatory parameters (CRP/IL-10) and inversely with the anti-inflammatory ones (IL-10, IL-10/IL-1β ratio). CONCLUSIONS Several of the assessed parameters may possess prognostic value for diabetics, especially when comparing subgroups with a different smoking history and could prove useful in clinical practice for assessing disease progress and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Ungurianu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Zanfirescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Grădinaru
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Rucsandra Dănciulescu Miulescu
- N. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Margină
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Wu Q, Xia MF, Gao X. Metabolically healthy obesity: Is it really healthy for type 2 diabetes mellitus? World J Diabetes 2022; 13:70-84. [PMID: 35211245 PMCID: PMC8855137 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i2.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals are reported to have a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in comparison with individuals with metabolic syndrome. However, the association between MHO and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is still controversial. Some studies indicated that MHO is a favorable phenotype for T2DM, but more studies showed that MHO individuals have an increased risk of developing T2DM compared with metabolically healthy normal-weight individuals, especially among those who would acquire metabolically unhealthy obesity. This has been supported by finding insulin resistance and low-grade inflammatory responses in MHO individuals with a tendency for impaired beta-cell dysfunction. Studies also showed that liver fat accumulation increased the risk of incidence of T2DM in MHO. Here, we reviewed current literature on the relationship between MHO and T2DM, discussed the determinants for the development of diabetes in MHO, and summarized the measures for the prevention of T2DM in MHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ming-Feng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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27
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Zhang C, Han M, Zhang X, Tong H, Sun X, Sun G. Ginsenoside Rb1 Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Regulating the Adipocytokine Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:71-83. [PMID: 35023944 PMCID: PMC8743619 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s348866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Obesity and diabetes are often accompanied by chronic inflammation and insulin resistance, which lead to complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy. Ginsenoside Rb1 has been used to treat diabetes and obesity and reduce inflammation as well as risk of heart diseases. However, the role of ginsenoside Rb1 in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy remains unclear. Methods Diabetic mice were administered ginsenoside Rb1 for 12 weeks, and their body weight, body fat, and blood glucose levels as well as and serum insulin, lipids, and adipocytokine levels were assessed. Lipid accumulation, pathological morphology of the adipose tissue, liver, and heart were examined. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to investigate the molecular changes in response to ginsenoside Rb1 treatment. Results Ginsenoside Rb1 treatment significantly reduced body weight and body fat, attenuated hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and ameliorated insulin resistance and abnormal levels of adipocytokines in diabetic mice. In addition, lipid accumulation and inflammation reduced while the functions of heart improved in the ginsenoside Rb1-treated group. Furthermore, antioxidant function improved in the ginsenoside Rb1-treated diabetic hearts. PCR and Western blotting analyses revealed that the lipid-lowering effect of ginsenoside Rb1 and the resulting improvement of cardiac function could be attributed to the adipocytokine pathway, which promoted energy homeostasis and alleviated cardiac dysfunction. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rb1 lowered lipid levels in a adipocytokine-mediated manner and attenuated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia-induced oxidative stress, hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixin Han
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongna Tong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Chu H, Ji Y, Bosnjak Z, Ao H, Li T. Which BMI for Diabetes Patients is Better? From the View of the Adipose Tissue Macrophage-Derived Exosome. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:141-153. [PMID: 35046685 PMCID: PMC8763208 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s345890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes, as a group of metabolic diseases, can elevate blood glucose, thus leading to the development of life-threatening complications. It is difficult to define the outcome for diabetics with different BMI. This review will illustrate the adipose tissue macrophage-derived exosome in the diabetics with different BMI. PATIENTS AND METHODS Insulin resistance in peripheral tissues can cause diabetes. The peripheral tissues include liver, muscle, or the adipose depots. Communication between these organs is fatal to the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. This review will illustrate this communication. Obesity is closely linked with diabetes. There are different changes in fat distribution in diabetic patients. Adipose tissue macrophages can secrete various hormones, including adiponectin, leptin, resistin and other classical cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6. Studies illustrated that exosomes from the adipose tissue, can modulate inter-organ cross-talk by regulating gene expression in other tissues. RESULTS Adipose tissue macrophages exosomes links thin and fat individuals in the development of diabetes. CONCLUSION The molecular pathways initiated by exosomes such as miRNA in the situations of metabolic stress could help us gain a deeper knowledge of the pathophysiology of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haichen Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhi Ji
- Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeljko Bosnjak
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hushan Ao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hushan Ao Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-10-68006210 Email
| | - Tianjun Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjun Li Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-10-82913035 Email
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29
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A new immunometabolic perspective of intervertebral disc degeneration. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:47-60. [PMID: 34845360 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common finding on spine imaging that increases in prevalence with age. IVD degeneration is a frequent cause of low back pain, which is a leading cause of disability. The process of IVD degeneration consists of gradual structural change accompanied by severe alterations in metabolic homeostasis. IVD degeneration, like osteoarthritis, is a common comorbidity in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, two metabolic syndrome pathological conditions in which adipokines are important promoters of low-grade inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation and fibrosis. Impairment in white adipose tissue function, due to the abnormal fat accumulation in obesity, is characterized by increased production of specific pro-inflammatory proteins such as adipokines by white adipose tissue and of cytokines such as TNF by immune cells of the stromal compartment. Investigations into the immunometabolic alterations in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and their interconnections with IVD degeneration provide insights into how adipokines might affect the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration and impair IVD function and repair. Toll-like receptor-mediated signalling has also been implicated as a promoter of the inflammatory response in the metabolic alterations associated with IVD and is thus thought to have a role in IVD degeneration. Pathological starvation, obesity and adipokine dysregulation can result in immunometabolic alterations, which could be targeted for the development of new therapeutics.
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Association of TNF-α 308G/A and LEPR Gln223Arg Polymorphisms with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010059. [PMID: 35052401 PMCID: PMC8796026 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify the association of the TNF-α- 308G/A and leptin receptor (LEPR) Gln223Arg polymorphisms with the risk of development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 160 volunteers were studied: 108 with T2DM and 52 participants as control, who served as the control group. Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for the genomic region of TNF-α- 308G/A and LEPR Gln223Arg were carried out. Results: The frequency of LEPR Gln223Arg genotypes in T2DM and control groups showed significant differences in the distribution of genotypes (p < 0.05). The frequency also of TNF-α- 308G/A genotypes in T2DM and control subjects showed significant differences in the distribution of genotypes (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that there are significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between the individuals with T2DM and control subjects (p < 0.05).
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Li X, Wei T, Wu M, Chen F, Zhang P, Deng ZY, Luo T. Potential metabolic activities of raspberry ketone. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14018. [PMID: 34913499 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel food and food compounds interventions have attracted a lot of attention nowadays for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. Raspberry ketone (RK) is aromatic compound found within red fruits and berries, has been used as an over-the-counter product for weight loss. However, actually, the effect of RK on weight loss is still controversial, and the mechanism is largely unknown. Besides, in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of RK on the development of other metabolic diseases. In this review, we comprehensively highlighted the synthesis, bioavailability, and metabolism of RK, and summarized the progress made in our understanding of the potential biological activities of RK, including antiobesity, antidiabetes, cardioprotection, and hepatoprotection, as well as their underlying mechanisms. This paper provides a critical overview about the current findings and proposes the future studies in the area of RK on human health. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Raspberry ketone (RK) has been used for weight control for years, but this effect is controversial considering food intake. Additionally, RK is beneficial for T2DM, liver and heart injury. The underlying mechanisms of the protective effect of RK including accelerating fatty acid oxidation, balancing serum glucose level, anti-inflammation, antioxidant process, and so on. In this context, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the benefits of RK against many metabolic diseases and discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms. We hope our work will be helpful for further researches on RK and improve its public recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Teng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ze-Yuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Shady NH, Hassan HA, Elrehany MA, Kamel MS, Ali Saber E, Maher SA, Abo-Elsoud FA, Sayed AM, Abdelmohsen UR, Gaber SS. Hyphaene thebaica (doum)-derived extract alleviates hyperglycemia in diabetic rats: a comprehensive in silico, in vitro and in vivo study. Food Funct 2021; 12:11303-11318. [PMID: 34643201 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02025k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the hypoglycemic effect of different extracts (i.e. organic and aqueous) derived from the fruits of Hyphaene thebaica (doum) on male streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels as well as the relative gene expression of insulin, TNF-α, and TGF-β were determined in the pancreatic tissue of the experimental animals. Treatment of STZ-induced diabetic rats with aqueous extracts of the plant fruit over 7 weeks significantly reduced the elevated blood glucose and increased the relative expression of insulin, while the relative expression of inflammatory mediators (i.e. TNF-α and TGF-β) was significantly reduced. Histopathological investigation also revealed that the aqueous extract treatment effectively reversed the β-cell necrosis induced by STZ and restored its normal morphology. Furthermore, liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and in silico chemical investigation of the aqueous extract elucidated its major bioactive phytochemicals (i.e. flavonoids) and putatively determined the pancreatic KATP channel as a target for these bioactive components. In vitro insulin secretion assay revealed that myricetin, luteolin, and apigenin were able to induce insulin secretion by human pancreatic cells (insulin production = 20.9 ± 1.3, 13.74 ± 1.8, and 11.33 ± 1.1 ng mL-1, respectively). Using molecular docking and dynamics simulations, we were able to shed the light on the insulin secretagogue's mode of action through these identified bioactive compounds and to determine the main structural elements required for its bioactivity. This comprehensive investigation of this native fruit will encourage future clinical studies to recommend edible and widely available fruits like doum to be a part of DM treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt.
| | - Heba Ali Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrehany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Salah Kamel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt. .,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Entesar Ali Saber
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.,Delegated to Deraya University, Universities Zon, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
| | - Sherif A Maher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Abo-Elsoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, 62513 Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt. .,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Shereen S Gaber
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Gong X, You L, Li F, Chen Q, Chen C, Zhang X, Zhang X, Xuan W, Sun K, Lao G, Wang C, Li Y, Xu M, Ren M, Yan L. The association of adiponectin with risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes in different subgroups: cluster analysis of a general population in south China. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:1410-1419. [PMID: 34612844 PMCID: PMC8630761 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone with an important role in glucose metabolism. The present study explored the effect of adiponectin in diverse population groups on pre-diabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes. METHODS A total of 3300 individuals were enrolled and their data were collected in the analyses dataset from December 2018 to October 2019. Cluster analysis was conducted based on age, BMI, waistline, body fat, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and glycosylated hemoglobin 1c. Cluster analysis divided the participants into four groups: a young-healthy group, an elderly-hypertension group, a high glucose-lipid group, and an obese group. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Compared with the first quartile of adiponectin, the risk of pre-diabetes of fourth quartile was decreased 61% (aOR = 0.39, 95% CI (0.20-0.73)) in the young-healthy group; and the risk of diabetes of fourth quartile was decreased 85% (aOR = 0.15, 95% CI (0.02-0.67)) in the obese group. There were no significant correlations between the adiponectin level and diabetes/pre-diabetes in the other two groups. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that adiponectin could significantly improve the diagnosis based on models in the young-healthy group (from 0.640 to 0.675) and the obese group (from 0.714 to 0.761). CONCLUSIONS Increased adiponectin levels were associated with decreased risk of pre-diabetes in the young-healthy population, and with a decreased the risk of diabetes in the obese population. An increased adiponectin level is an independent protective factor for pre-diabetes and diabetes in a specific population in south China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili You
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Chen
- Department of Medical Examination Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaogang Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenting Xuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guojuan Lao
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingtong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Ren or L Yan: or
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Ren or L Yan: or
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Liu C, Li Q, Feng X, Zhu J, Li Q. Deterioration of diabetic nephropathy via stimulating secretion of cytokines by atrial natriuretic peptide. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:204. [PMID: 34663293 PMCID: PMC8525036 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00867-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiovascular and metabolic hormone that has been identified recently as being associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) without diabetes. Cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and adiponectin (ADP) contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim here was to investigate the relationships of ANP with cytokine levels and clinical variables in T2DM nephropathy patients. METHODS A total of 81 participants with T2DM were recruited, including 37 patients with normoalbuminuria, 23 patients with microalbuminuria and 21 patients with macroalbuminuria. Serum concentrations of ANP and cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The correlations between ANP and clinical variables were analyzed. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression models were constructed to test the associations between ANP and the severity and presence of albuminuria. RESULTS The macroalbuminuria patients exhibited higher plasma levels of ANP, TNF-α, IL-6, and ADP; higher serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN); and longer duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) than the patients with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria. Plasma ANP level was significantly associated with TNF-α (r = 0.876, p < 0.001), IL-6 (r = 0.816, p < 0.001) and ADP (r = 0.772, p < 0.001), independent of the duration of DM or the BUN concentration. CONCLUSION ANP is higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus nephropathy subjects, especially those who have macroalbuminuria, which is associated with compensatory responses to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxiao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Angelidi AM, Filippaios A, Mantzoros CS. Severe insulin resistance syndromes. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:142245. [PMID: 33586681 DOI: 10.1172/jci142245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe insulin resistance syndromes are a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by profound insulin resistance, substantial metabolic abnormalities, and a variety of clinical manifestations and complications. The etiology of these syndromes may be hereditary or acquired, due to defects in insulin potency and action, cellular responsiveness to insulin, and/or aberrations in adipose tissue function or development. Over the past decades, advances in medical technology, particularly in genomic technologies and genetic analyses, have provided insights into the underlying pathophysiological pathways and facilitated the more precise identification of several of these conditions. However, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance have not yet been fully elucidated for all syndromes. Moreover, in clinical practice, many of the syndromes are often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. The majority of these disorders associate with an increased risk of severe complications and mortality; thus, early identification and personalized clinical management are of the essence. This Review aims to categorize severe insulin resistance syndromes by disease process, including insulin receptor defects, signaling defects, and lipodystrophies. We also highlight several complex syndromes and emphasize the need to identify patients, investigate underlying disease mechanisms, and develop specific treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki M Angelidi
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andreas Filippaios
- Department of Medicine, Lowell General Hospital, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Biomediators in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091350. [PMID: 34572562 PMCID: PMC8467803 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is extremely heterogeneous in terms of clinical manifestations. The variability of the syndrome's phenotype is derived from the genetic and molecular heterogeneity, with a great deal of environmental factors that may have long-term health consequences, such as metabolic and cardiovascular (CV) diseases. There is no doubt that women with PCOS suffer from metabolic complications more than their age-matched counterparts in the general population and at an earlier age. Obesity, low steroid hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, and compensatory hyperinsulinemia are biomediators and early predictors of metabolic complications in PCOS. Doubts remain about the real risk of CV diseases in PCOS and the molecular mechanisms at the basis of CV complications. Based on that assumption, this review will present the available evidence on the potential implications of some biomediators, in particular, hyperandrogenism, estrogen-progesterone imbalance, insulin resistance, and low SHBG, in the processes leading to CV disease in PCOS, with the final aim to propose a more accurate CV risk assessment.
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Moosavian SP, Rahimlou M, Asbaghi O, Moradi S, Marx W, Paknahad Z. The effect of soy products on circulating adiponectin and leptin concentration in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14100. [PMID: 33619795 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human clinical trials that have investigated the effect of soy product consumption on adipokines have reported inconsistent results. Our objective was to elucidate the role of soy product consumption on adiponectin and leptin in adults through a systematic review and meta-analysis of available randomised placebo-controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS The systematic search included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EmBase, Google Scholar and Cochrane database from inception to July 2020. Human clinical trials that reported the effect of soy product consumption on leptin and adiponectin were included. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated by the random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were reported using standard methods. Quality assessment was performed using Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. RESULTS Overall, 13 RCTs with 824 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Our analysis showed that soy product consumption did not significantly affect leptin (WMD: 0.01 ng/mL; 95% CI, -0.16, 0.18; P = .88) and adiponectin (WMD: -0.09 ng/mL; 95% CI, -0.29, 0.12; P = .39) concentration in comparison with control. Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated that the effect remained non-significant when analysed by study design, participant demographics and intervention characteristics. Based on the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool, seven studies were considered good quality and six studies were fair. CONCLUSION The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that soy product consumption had no significant effect on leptin and adiponectin levels in adults. However, future larger and well-designed trials are still needed to further explore this research area and to address the heterogeneous study design used in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Parisa Moosavian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Food & Mood Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Amatruda M, Gembillo G, Giuffrida AE, Santoro D, Conti G. The Aggressive Diabetic Kidney Disease in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Potential Therapies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57090868. [PMID: 34577791 PMCID: PMC8467670 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Youth-onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) represents a major burden worldwide. In the last decades, the prevalence of T2DM became higher than that of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), helped by the increasing rate of childhood obesity. The highest prevalence rates of youth-onset T2DM are recorded in China (520 cases/100,000) and in the United States (212 cases/100,000), and the numbers are still increasing. T2DM young people present a strong hereditary component, often unmasked by social and environmental risk factors. These patients are affected by multiple coexisting risk factors, including obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and inflammation. Juvenile T2DM nephropathy occurs earlier in life compared to T1DM-related nephropathy in children or T2DM-related nephropathy in adult. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is T2DM major long term microvascular complication. This review summarizes the main mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the DKD in young population and the recent evolution of treatment, in order to reduce the risk of DKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Amatruda
- Unit of Pediatric Nephrology with Dialysis, AOU Policlinic G Martino, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Guido Gembillo
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.G.); (A.E.G.); (D.S.)
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Alfio Edoardo Giuffrida
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.G.); (A.E.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.G.); (A.E.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Giovanni Conti
- Unit of Pediatric Nephrology with Dialysis, AOU Policlinic G Martino, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Activation of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR- α/ γ) and the Fatty Acid Metabolizing Enzyme Protein CPT1A by Camel Milk Treatment Counteracts the High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. PPAR Res 2021; 2021:5558731. [PMID: 34306045 PMCID: PMC8285205 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5558731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Camel milk (CM) has a unique composition rich in antioxidants, trace elements, immunoglobulins, insulin, and insulin-like proteins. Treatment by CM demonstrated protective effects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat cholesterol-rich diet (HFD-C) in rats. CM dampened the steatosis, inflammation, and ballooning degeneration of the hepatocytes. It also counteracted hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance (IR), glucose intolerance, and oxidative stress. The commencement of NAFLD triggered the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α), carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1 (CPT1A), and fatty acid-binding protein-1 (FABP1) and decreased the PPAR-γ expression in the tissues of the animals on HFD-C. This was associated with increased levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and leptin and declined levels of the anti-inflammatory adiponectin. Camel milk treatment to the NAFLD animals remarkably upregulated PPARs (α, γ) and the downstream enzyme CPT1A in the metabolically active tissues involved in cellular uptake and beta-oxidation of fatty acids. The enhanced lipid metabolism in the CM-treated animals was linked with decreased expression of FABP1 and suppression of IL-6, TNF-α, and leptin release with augmented adiponectin production. The protective effects of CM against the histological and biochemical features of NAFLD are at least in part related to the activation of the hepatic and extrahepatic PPARs (α, γ) with consequent activation of the downstream enzymes involved in fat metabolism. Camel milk treatment carries a promising therapeutic potential to NAFLD through stimulating PPARs actions on fat metabolism and glucose homeostasis. This can protect against hepatic steatosis, IR, and diabetes mellitus in high-risk obese patients.
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Guo J, Huang J, Wang Q, Fang L, Zhang S, Li B, Lv L, Chen M, Wang C. Maternal exposure to phenanthrene during gestation disturbs glucose homeostasis in adult mouse offspring. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:128635. [PMID: 33757275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have indicated that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were related to diabetes and insulin resistance. However, studies in mammals on the development of diabetes caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are lacking. Pregnant mice were orally exposed to phenanthrene (0, 60 and 600 μg kg-1 body weight) once every 3 days during gestation. In adult mouse offspring, in-utero phenanthrene exposure caused glucose intolerance and decreased insulin levels in females, while caused elevated fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in males. Serum resistin and interleukin-6 levels were elevated in offspring of both sexes. Serum adiponectin levels were decreased in females but increased in males. The insulin receptor signals were upregulated in the liver and downregulated in the skeletal muscle of F1 females, while they were inhibited in both tissues of F1 males. The visceral fat weight and body weight of the treated mice were not increased, suggesting that phenanthrene is not an obesogen, which is supported by the nonsignificant alteration in pparγ transcription in visceral adipose tissue. The transcription of retn in visceral adipose tissue was upregulated in both sexes, and that of adipoq was downregulated in females but upregulated in males, which were matched with the promoter methylation levels of these genes. The results indicated that phenanthrene exposure during gestation could disturb adipocytokine levels via epigenetic modification in adult offspring, and further influence glucose metabolism. These results might be helpful for understanding nonobesogenic pollutant-induced insulin resistance and preventing against diabetes without obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Shenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Bingshui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Liangju Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Wang Y, Chen M. Association between the omentin-1 gene rs2274907 A>T polymorphism and colorectal cancer in the Chinese Han population: a case-control study. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211006522. [PMID: 33823642 PMCID: PMC8033482 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211006522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between the omentin-1 gene rs2274907 A>T polymorphism and colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Chinese Han population. METHODS rs2274907 A>T was assessed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Plasma omentin-1 expression from 358 patients with CRC and 286 healthy controls was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CRC and control groups were divided into subgroups according to the body mass index (BMI) threshold of 25 kg/m2. RESULTS No significant differences were observed between CRC and control groups in terms of genotype or allele frequencies of rs2274907 A>T. Compared with individuals with BMI <25 kg/m2 and the rs2274907 TT genotype, those with AA+AT genotypes and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 had a 3.027-fold increased risk of CRC. A significant tendency toward a higher stage of colorectal adenocarcinomas and depth of invasion was observed in individuals with the rs2274907 AA genotype compared with other genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The omentin-1 gene rs2274907 A>T polymorphism does not seem to play a critical role in the development of CRC in the Chinese Han population, but an interaction between the rs2274907 A allele and BMI may increase the CRC risk. The rs2274907 AA genotype is a potential biomarker for CRC stage progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- Division of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Youmin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Peoples Republic of China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diabetes Prevention, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Chang GR, Hou PH, Wang CM, Wu CF, Su HK, Liao HJ, Chen TP. Chronic everolimus treatment of high-fat diet mice leads to a reduction in obesity but impaired glucose tolerance. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00732. [PMID: 33715287 PMCID: PMC7955951 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Everolimus, which inhibits mTOR kinase activity and is clinically used in graft rejection treatment, may have a two‐sided influence on metabolic syndrome; its role in obesity and hyperglycemic in animals and humans, however, has been explored insufficiently. This study further determined how continual everolimus treatment affects glucose homeostasis and body weight control in C57BL6/J mice with obesity. An obesity mouse model was developed by administering a high‐fat diet (HFD) to C57BL6/J mice over 12 weeks. The experimental group, while continuing their HFD consumption, were administered everolimus daily for 8 weeks. Metabolic parameters, glucose tolerance, fatty liver score, endocrine profile, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), insulin resistance (IR) index, and Akt phosphorylation, GLUT4, TNF‐α, and IL‐1 levels were measured in vivo. Compared with the control group, the everolimus group gained less body weight and had smaller adipocytes and lower fat pad weight; triglyceride (serum and hepatic), patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing 3, and fatty acid synthase levels; fatty liver scores; and glucose tolerance test values—all despite consuming more food. However, the everolimus group exhibited decreased ISI and muscle Akt phosphorylation and GLUT4 expression as well as impaired glucose tolerance and serum TNF‐α and IL‐1β levels—even when insulin levels were high. In conclusion, continual everolimus treatment may lead to diabetes with glucose intolerance and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Ruei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Hou
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Wu
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Kai Su
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jyuan Liao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - To-Pang Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Nosrati-Oskouie M, Asghari G, Yuzbashian E, Aghili-Moghaddam NS, Zarkesh M, Safarian M, Mirmiran P. Does Dietary Intake Impact Omentin Gene Expression and Plasma Concentration? A Systematic Review. Lifestyle Genom 2021; 14:49-61. [PMID: 33626523 DOI: 10.1159/000513885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omentin is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects that can play a protective role against cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim was to systematically review and summarize the existing evidence on the association between overall dietary intake and omentin gene expression and circulation. SUMMARY A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to September 2019. Of the 1,940 retrieved articles, 20 relevant studies were included, 6 of which were observational, 11 were clinical trials in humans, and 3 were animal studies. Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had a high risk of bias (RoB), 1 had "some concerns", and 2 had a low RoB. Among the nonrandomized studies with comparators, 4 had a serious RoB and 2 had a moderate RoB. In the experimental animal studies with a moderate RoB, conflicting results for omentin serum concentration were found for high-fat and low-fat diets. A high-fat diet (HFD) was shown to reduce omentin gene expression in one animal study. In the observational studies, omentin serum concentration was reduced by Ramadan fasting and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake, and an increase in omentin gene expression was observed with monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake. There was no association of dietary inflammatory index (DII), macronutrient intake, or total calorie intake with omentin plasma concentrations. In the human interventional studies, omentin plasma concentration increased with a long-term low-calorie, low-fat diet (LFD), and no change was seen with a HFD or a short-term low-calorie diet (LCD). Key Messages: It seems that a long-term diet with a lower fat content and a balanced distribution of fatty acids, i.e., a higher MUFA and lower SFA intake, may effectively increase omentin plasma concentration, possibly via improved insulin resistance and reduced inflammation, but more research is needed to confirm or refute this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nosrati-Oskouie
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golaleh Asghari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Yuzbashian
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Nazanin Sadat Aghili-Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarkesh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Safarian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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44
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Santhanam P, Rowe SP, Solnes LB, Quainoo B, Ahima RS. A systematic review of imaging studies of human brown adipose tissue. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1495:5-23. [PMID: 33604891 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is involved in energy dissipation and has been linked to weight loss, insulin sensitivity, and reduced risk of atherosclerotic disease. BAT is found most often in the supraclavicular region, as well as mediastinal and paravertebral areas, and it is predominantly seen in young persons. BAT is activated by cold temperature and the sympathetic nervous system. In humans, BAT was initially detected via 2-deoxy-2-[18 F]fluoro-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), a high-resolution molecular imaging modality used to identify and stage malignancies. Recent studies have shown that BAT can be localized using conventional imaging modalities, such as CT or magnetic resonance imaging, as well as radiotracers used for single-photon emission CT. In this systematic review, we have summarized the evidence for BAT detection in humans using various imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Santhanam
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lilja B Solnes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brittany Quainoo
- Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Rexford S Ahima
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland
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45
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Hou J, Zhou X, Wang P, Zhao C, Qin Y, Liu F, Yu L, Xu H. An Integrative Pharmacology-Based Approach for Evaluating the Potential Effects of Purslane Seed in Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap and TCMIP V2.0. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:593693. [PMID: 33603663 PMCID: PMC7884824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.593693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L., known as the “vegetable for long life,” is an annual succulent herb that is widely distributed worldwide. Many clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that purslane seed (MCXZ) can be used as an adjunctive and alternative therapy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the underlying active constituents and pharmacological mechanisms through which MCXZ exerts effects in DM remain unclear. In the present study, we confirmed that MCXZ treatment resulted in hypoglycemic activity, lowering the fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Then, ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry was used to systematically analyze the chemical profile of MCXZ, resulting in the identification of 84 constituents, including 31 organic acids and nine flavonoids. Finally, the Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine was employed to analyze the key active components of MCXZ and the molecular mechanisms through which these components acted in DM. Ten key active compounds were identified based on the topological importance of their corresponding putative targets within the known DM-associated therapeutic target network of known MCXZ putative targets. Functionally, these candidate targets play critical anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-hyperglycemia, immunity regulation, and inflammatory roles involving DM-related pathways, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway and Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, which indicated that MCXZ exhibited anti-diabetic activity through multi-faced actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuewen Qin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Medical College, Shaanxi Institute of International Trade and Commerce, Xianyang, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Guangzhou Zhongda Pharmaceutical Development Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Medical College, Shaanxi Institute of International Trade and Commerce, Xianyang, China
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46
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Morishita K, Ito Y, Otake K, Takahashi K, Yamamoto M, Kitao T, Ozawa SI, Hirono S, Shirahase H. Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel Series of 2,7-Substituted-6-tetrazolyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives as Selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Partial Agonists. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:333-351. [PMID: 33790079 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 7-substituted-2-[3-(2-furyl)acryloyl]-6-tetrazolyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized to clarify structure-activity relationships for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) partial agonist activity and identify more efficacious PPARγ partial agonists with minor adverse effects. Among the derivatives synthesized, compound 26v with a 2-(2,5-dihydropyrrol-1-yl)-5-methyloxazol-4-ylmethoxy group at the 7-position of the tetrahydroisoquinoline structure exhibited stronger PPARγ agonist and antagonist activities (EC50 = 6 nM and IC50 = 101 nM) than previously reported values for compound 1 (EC50 = 13 nM and IC50 = 512 nM). Compound 26v had very weak protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity and showed higher oral absorption (Cmax = 11.4 µg/mL and area under the curve (AUC) = 134.7 µg·h/mL) than compound 1 (Cmax = 7.0 µg/mL and AUC = 63.9 µg·h/mL) in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. A computational docking calculation revealed that 26v bound to PPARγ in a similar manner to that of compound 1. In male Zucker fatty rats, 26v and pioglitazone at 10 and 30 mg/kg for 4 weeks similarly reduced plasma triglyceride levels, increased plasma adiponectin levels, and attenuated increases in plasma glucose levels in the oral glucose tolerance test, while only pioglitazone decreased hematocrit values. In conclusion, 6-tetrazolyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives provide a novel scaffold for selective PPARγ partial agonists and 26v attenuates insulin resistance possibly by adiponectin enhancements with minor adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Morishita
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Yuma Ito
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Kazuya Otake
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Megumi Yamamoto
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Tatsuya Kitao
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | | | | | - Hiroaki Shirahase
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
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47
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Halvatsiotis P, Siatelis A, Koulouvaris P, Batrinou A, Vougiouklaki D, Routsi E, Papapanou M, Trapali M, Houhoula D. Comparison of Q223R leptin receptor polymorphism to the leptin gene expression in Greek young volunteers. AIMS MEDICAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/medsci.2021025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract><sec>
<title>Objective</title>
<p>The objective of the present study was to identify the leptin gene expression and the leptin receptor polymorphisms in blood samples and to correlate gene expression values with anthropometric characteristics.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Blood from 140 Greek young volunteers was subjected to polymerase chain reaction–restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP), for the genomic region of Q223R polymorphism at codon 223 in the leptin receptor gene (<italic>LEPR</italic>) coding region. RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis and Quantitative Real-Time PCR was performed for assessing the expression of the leptin gene (<italic>LEP</italic>).</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Leptin gene was identified in all tested specimens and the gene was expressed in 88.9% of all volunteers with BMI < 25. In addition, it was observed that gene expression is affected by various external factors, such as Body Mass Index (BMI), eating behavior, gender and age. It was also shown that as for the Q223R polymorphism (A to G) allele G occurs with a frequency of 100% in men with BMI > 30 and 75.9% in men and 88.9% in women with BMI 25–30. Volunteers with BMI 25–30 who were homozygous on the G allele were 50% and 77.8% in men and women respectively. All subjects with a BMI > 30 were homozygous on the G allele at 100%.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>In this small-scale study, results have shown that the leptin gene expression correlates with BMI and that the allele G in Q223R polymorphism is linked to overweight individuals.</p>
</sec></abstract>
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48
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Matsinkou RS, Oumbe VAS, Ngondi JL, Oben JE. Protective effects of peel extracts of Irvingia wombolu on metabolic disorders in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundDiabetes is widely recognized as associated with several structural and functional liver, kidney, and heart abnormalities. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of peel extracts ofIrvingia womboluagainst diabetes complications.MethodsDiabetes was induced by intravenous administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) through the right jugular vein on rats and animals with blood glucose values of at least 250 mg/dl received orally aqueous extract of peel (AEP), hydroethanolic extract of peel (HEP), tolbutamide and DMSO 10%. Their effects on the concentration of blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in diabetic and normal rats were investigated using standard methods.ResultsTwenty-one days of treatment with AEP and HEP at a dose of 400 mg/kg significantly (P < 0,05) reduced the fasting blood glucose to a point of reaching normal value. The antihyperlipidemic assessment of extracts revealed a significant (P < 0,05) decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL levels, and a significant (P < 0,05) increase in HDL level in the plasma of treated diabetic rats. Furthermore, plasma biomarkers of liver and kidney dysfunction were significantly reduced in treated diabetic rats. We also observed increased activities of catalase, SOD, and reduced glutathione in diabetic treated rats.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that AEP and HEP have a protective effect on liver, kidney, and heart in experimental diabetic rats which can be beneficial in the management of diabetes and its complications.
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Kalantarhormozi M, Jouyan N, Asadipooya K, Nabipour I, Mirzaei K. Evaluation of adipokines, adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin, in uncomplicated type I diabetes patients before and after treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:1723-1727. [PMID: 32342445 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is potentially a lethal complication of uncontrolled, especially type 1, diabetes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying adipokine involvement in the regulation of glucose metabolism is important to prevent complications of hyperglycemia. The role of novel adipokines during DKA in human remains unclear. METHOD The method is to determine the changes in the circulating levels of adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin after treating DKA in the patients referred to Shohadaye Khalij-e-Fars hospital at the Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. Measuring adipokines (adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin) in 31 patients with DKA who are admitted in Shohadaye Khalij-e-Fars hospital at the Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. Adipokines are measured at the time of admission and after recovery from DKA, using ELISA method. RESULTS After recovery from DKA, omentin-1 serum concentration decreased significantly (from 183 to 165), but adiponectin and visfatin did not change significantly. CONCLUSION Omentin-1 may play a significant role in insulin resistance during the DKA and could be potentially recommended as a marker of recovery in DKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kalantarhormozi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Boostan 19 Alley, Imam Khomeini St, 75147-63448, Bushehr, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - N Jouyan
- The Internal Medicine Department, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - K Asadipooya
- Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - I Nabipour
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Boostan 19 Alley, Imam Khomeini St, 75147-63448, Bushehr, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - K Mirzaei
- Community Medicine Specialist Medical School, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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50
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Li Q, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Du H, Xu T, Xu X, Zhang J, Kuang T, Lai X, Fan G, Zhang Y. 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Coupled With Molecular Docking Reveal the Anti-Diabetic Effects and Potential Active Components of Berberis vernae on Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:932. [PMID: 32636751 PMCID: PMC7317004 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dried stem bark of Berberis vernae C.K.Schneid., known as “Xiao-bo-pi” in Chinese, is a representative anti-diabetic herb in traditional Tibetan medical system. However, its anti-diabetic mechanisms and active components remain unclear. In this study, 1H NMR-based metabolomics, biochemistry assay, molecular docking, and network analysis were integrated to evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of B. vernae extract on type 2 diabetic rats, and to explore its active components and underlying mechanisms. Diabetes was induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. After 30 days of treatment, B. vernae extract significantly decreased the serum levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance index, glycated serum protein, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, whereas significantly increased the serum levels of insulin sensitivity index in type 2 diabetic rats. A total of 28 endogenous metabolites were identified by 1H NMR-based metabolomics, of which 9 metabolites that were changed by diabetes were significantly reversed by B. vernae extract. The constructed compound-protein-metabolite-disease (CPMD) interaction network revealed the correlation between chemical constituents, target proteins, differential metabolites, and type 2 diabetes. Ferulic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, bufotenidine, jatrorrhizine, and berberine showed good hit rates for both the 30 disease-related proteins and 14 differential metabolites-related proteins, indicating that these four compounds might be the active ingredients of B. vernae against type 2 diabetes. Moreover, pathway analysis revealed that the anti-diabetic mechanisms of B. vernae might be related to its regulation of several metabolic pathways (e.g., butanoate metabolism) and disease-related signal pathways (e.g., adipocytokine signaling pathway). In summary, B. vernae exerts a significant anti-diabetic effect and has potential as a drug candidate for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunsen Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Du
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Xu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinmei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Kuang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianrong Lai
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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