1
|
Huang D, Song M, Abe SK, Rahman MS, Islam MR, Saito E, De la Torre K, Sawada N, Tamakoshi A, Shu XO, Cai H, Hozawa A, Kanemura S, Kim J, Chen Y, Ito H, Sugawara Y, Park SK, Shin MH, Hirabayashi M, Kimura T, Gao YT, Wen W, Oze I, Shin A, Ahn YO, Ahsan H, Boffetta P, Chia KS, Matsuo K, Qiao YL, Rothman N, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D. Family history and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in Asia: a pooled analysis of more than half a million participants. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:701-713. [PMID: 38649672 PMCID: PMC11193690 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-024-01499-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The family history of gastric cancer holds important implications for cancer surveillance and prevention, yet existing evidence predominantly comes from case-control studies. We aimed to investigate the association between family history of gastric cancer and gastric cancer risk overall and by various subtypes in Asians in a prospective study. METHODS We included 12 prospective cohorts with 550,508 participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate study-specific adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between family history of gastric cancer and gastric cancer incidence and mortality, then pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Stratified analyses were performed for the anatomical subsites and histological subtypes. RESULTS During the mean follow-up of 15.6 years, 2258 incident gastric cancers and 5194 gastric cancer deaths occurred. The risk of incident gastric cancer was higher in individuals with a family history of gastric cancer (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.32-1.58), similarly in males (1.44, 1.31-1.59) and females (1.45, 1.23-1.70). Family history of gastric cancer was associated with both cardia (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.00-1.60) and non-cardia subsites (1.49, 1.35-1.65), and with intestinal- (1.48, 1.30-1.70) and diffuse-type (1.59, 1.35-1.87) gastric cancer incidence. Positive associations were also found for gastric cancer mortality (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.19-1.41). CONCLUSIONS In this largest prospective study to date on family history and gastric cancer, a familial background of gastric cancer increased the risk of gastric cancer in the Asian population. Targeted education, screening, and intervention in these high-risk groups may reduce the burden of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minkyo Song
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Krull Abe
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Md Shafiur Rahman
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Md Rashedul Islam
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiko Saito
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katherine De la Torre
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Seiki Kanemura
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yu Chen
- Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumi Sugawara
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Shin
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mayo Hirabayashi
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Ok Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kee Seng Chia
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - You-Lin Qiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hnatyszyn A, Szalata M, Zielińska A, Wielgus K, Danielewski M, Hnatyszyn PT, Pławski A, Walkowiak J, Słomski R. Mutations in Helicobacter pylori infected patients with chronic gastritis, intestinal type of gastric cancer and familial gastric cancer. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38867324 PMCID: PMC11167877 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-024-00282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of sequential changes of mucous leading to gastric cancer and familial cases of gastric cancer of intestinal type is widely connected with Helicobacter pylori infections. In this study we analysed variants of genes involved in cancerogenesis and inflammatory processes of intestines in patients infected with H.pylori. Our goal was to test whether mutations in these genes predestinate to development of gastric cancer, and whether there is a genetic factor that makes it more likely for infections with H.pylori to cause gastric cancer. As infections with H. pylori are relatively common, discovering such genetic predispositions could be used for establishing risk-groups and for planning treatments. METHODS Our studies cover analysis of variants in genes involved in cancerogenesis: TP53 (rs11540652, rs587782329, COSM10771), MSH2 (rs193922376), MLH1 (rs63750217), and inflammatory processes of intestine: NOD2 (rs2066847, rs2066842), IL1A (rs1800587) and IL1B (rs1143634) from H.pylori-infected patients. RESULTS Mutations were more common in the group of patients with gastric cancer of intestinal type and familial cases of gastric cancer in comparison with patients with chronic gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia or gastric cancer (p-value = 0.00824), with the prevalence of p53 mutations in patients with familial gastric cancer vs. patients with other changes of mucosa (p-value = 0.000049). Additionally, gastric cancer patients have mainly genotype TT or CT of the rs2066842 variant of the NOD2 gene. CONCLUSIONS The lack of statistically significant changes of other interleukin genes involved in inflammatory processes may suggest the presence of H.pylori infection as a potential trigger for the development of the inflammatory process of the mucosa, leading through microbiota dysbiosis to the development of enteric gastric cancer. Mutations in analysed genes correlated with more severe mucosal changes, with a much more frequent presence of TP53 gene mutations, with a limited presence of other mutations in the familial history of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Hnatyszyn
- Independent Public Health Care Centre in Nowa Sol, Multispecialty Hospital, Chalubinskiego 7, Nowa Sol, 67-100, Poland
| | - Marlena Szalata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, Poznań, 60-632, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zielińska
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, Poznań, 60-630, Poland
| | - Karolina Wielgus
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Danielewski
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Pławski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, Poznań, 60-479, Poland
- Department of General, Endocrinological Surgery and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Institute of Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poznań, 60-355, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, Poznań, 60-630, Poland.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, Poznań, 60-479, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mager LF, Krause T, McCoy KD. Interaction of microbiota, mucosal malignancies, and immunotherapy-Mechanistic insights. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:402-415. [PMID: 38521413 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome has emerged as a crucial modulator of host-immune interactions and clearly impacts tumor development and therapy efficacy. The microbiome is a double-edged sword in cancer development and therapy as both pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic bacterial taxa have been identified. The staggering number of association-based studies in various tumor types has led to an enormous amount of data that makes it difficult to identify bacteria that promote tumor development or modulate therapy efficacy from bystander bacteria. Here we aim to comprehensively summarize the current knowledge of microbiome-host immunity interactions and cancer therapy in various mucosal tissues to find commonalities and thus identify potential functionally relevant bacterial taxa. Moreover, we also review recent studies identifying specific bacteria and mechanisms through which the microbiome modulates cancer development and therapy efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas F Mager
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany; M3 Research Center for Malignom, Metabolome and Microbiome, Faculty of Medicine University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tim Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany; M3 Research Center for Malignom, Metabolome and Microbiome, Faculty of Medicine University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Acevedo S, Covarrubias AA, Haeger P, Pancetti F, Tala F, de la Fuente-Ortega E. Alginate Oligosaccharides Protect Gastric Epithelial Cells against Oxidative Stress Damage through Induction of the Nrf2 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:618. [PMID: 38790723 PMCID: PMC11117588 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric diseases represent a significant global public health challenge, characterized by molecular dysregulation in redox homeostasis and heightened oxidative stress. Although prior preclinical studies have demonstrated the cytoprotective antioxidant effects of alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs) through the Nrf2 pathway, whether such mechanisms apply to gastric diseases remains unclear. In this study, we used the GES-1 gastric cell line exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a damage model to investigate the impact of AOS on cell viability and its associated mechanisms. Our results revealed that pre-incubation with AOS for either 4 h or 24 h significantly improved the viability of GES-1 cells exposed to H2O2. In addition, AOS reduced the intracellular ROS levels, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, with increased Nrf2 protein and mRNA expression and a significant upregulation of the target genes HO-1 and NQO1. The activation of Nrf2 was correlated with decreased Keap1 protein expression and an increased level of the autophagy protein p62/SQSTM1, suggesting the activation of Nrf2 through a noncanonical pathway. This study suggests that AOS is a potential treatment for protecting gastric epithelial cells from oxidative stress by activating the p62/SQSTM1-Keap1-Nrf2 axis and laying the foundation for future investigations about its specific therapeutic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Acevedo
- Laboratorio de Estrés Celular y Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
| | - Alejandra A. Covarrubias
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad del Alba, La Serena 1700000, Chile
| | - Paola Haeger
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Conducta, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
- Millennium Nucleus of Neuroepigenetics and Plasticity (EpiNeuro), Santiago 8370186, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Prevención y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles (NiPTEC), Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
| | - Floria Pancetti
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Prevención y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles (NiPTEC), Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y Otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Fadia Tala
- Núcleo de Investigación en Prevención y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles (NiPTEC), Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y Otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera, SECOS, Santiago 7550000, Chile
| | - Erwin de la Fuente-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Estrés Celular y Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
- Núcleo de Investigación en Prevención y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles (NiPTEC), Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y Otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Q, Mu Y, Jiang X, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Shen Z. Causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and gastric cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1335149. [PMID: 38737547 PMCID: PMC11082308 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1335149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and its development is associated with a variety of factors. Previous observational studies have reported that thyroid dysfunction is associated with the development of gastric cancer. However, the exact relationship between the two is currently unclear. We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to reveal the causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and gastric cancer for future clinical work. Materials and methods This study is based on a two-sample Mendelian randomization design, and all data are from public GWAS databases. We selected hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as exposures, with gastric cancer as the outcome. We used three statistical methods, namely Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median, to assess the causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and gastric cancer. The Cochran's Q test was used to assess the heterogeneity among SNPs in the IVW analysis results, and MR-PRESSO was employed to identify and remove IVs with heterogeneity from the analysis results. MR-Egger is a weighted linear regression model, and the magnitude of its intercept can be used to assess the horizontal pleiotropy among IVs. Finally, the data were visualized through the leave-one-out sensitivity test to evaluate the influence of individual SNPs on the overall causal effect. Funnel plots were used to assess the symmetry of the selected SNPs, forest plots were used to evaluate the confidence and heterogeneity of the incidental estimates, and scatter plots were used to assess the exposure-outcome relationship. All results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). P<0.05 represents statistical significance. Results According to IVW analysis, there was a causal relationship between hypothyroidism and gastric cancer, and hypothyroidism could reduce the risk of gastric cancer (OR=0.936 (95% CI:0.893-0.980), P=0.006).This means that having hypothyroidism is a protective factor against stomach cancer. This finding suggests that hypothyroidism may be associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer.Meanwhile, there was no causal relationship between hyperthyroidism, FT4, and TSH and gastric cancer. Conclusions In this study, we found a causal relationship between hypothyroidism and gastric cancer with the help of a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study, and hypothyroidism may be associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer, however, the exact mechanism is still unclear. This finding provides a new idea for the study of the etiology and pathogenesis of gastric cancer, and our results need to be further confirmed by more basic experiments in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongliang Mu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yirui Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiutao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mostaghimi T, Bahadoran E, Bakht M, Taheri S, Sadeghi H, Babaei A. Role of lncRNAs in Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric cancers. Life Sci 2024; 336:122316. [PMID: 38035995 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (GC), and the role of co-infection with viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus, in carcinogenesis cannot be ignored. Furthermore, it is now known that genetic factors such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many diseases, including GC. On the other side, they can also be used as therapeutic goals. Modified lncRNAs can cause aberrant expression of genes encoding proximal proteins, which are essential for the development of carcinoma. In this review, we present the most recent studies on lncRNAs in GC, concentrating on their roles in H. pylori and EBV infections, and discuss some of the molecular mechanisms of these GC-related pathogens. There was also a discussion of the research gaps and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talieh Mostaghimi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakht
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shiva Taheri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hamid Sadeghi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Abouzar Babaei
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ko KP. Risk Factors of Gastric Cancer and Lifestyle Modification for Prevention. J Gastric Cancer 2024; 24:99-107. [PMID: 38225769 PMCID: PMC10774756 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2024.24.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has been consistently decreasing worldwide, whereas cardia gastric cancer is on the rise. This indicates that the exposure rates to epidemiological causes are changing. In this study, we aim to review the risk factors for gastric cancer with respect to cardia and non-cardia types. One of the most significant risk factors for gastric cancer is Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori infection is known as a risk factor for non-cardia gastric cancer, and there have been results indicating that H. pylori infection is not associated with cardia gastric cancer. However, in the East Asian region, there is epidemiological evidence suggesting that H. pylori infection might be a risk factor for cardia gastric cancer. Smoking and alcohol consumption are known risk factors for gastric cancer, regardless of anatomical location. Obesity is considered a factor in the development of cardia gastric cancer. However, further research is needed to understand the specific relationship with non-cardia gastric cancer. The consumption of high-salt and processed meat is more distinctly associated with non-cardia gastric cancer than in cardia gastric cancer. In addition to these factors, exposure to chemicals and radiation are considered risk factors for gastric cancer. Primary prevention of gastric cancer involves eliminating or avoiding risk factors such as H. pylori eradication and adopting a healthy lifestyle, including quitting smoking, reducing alcohol consumption, maintaining a healthy weight, and having a low-salt diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Pil Ko
- Clinical Preventive Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Entezam M, Sanaei MJ, Mirzaei Y, Mer AH, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Azadegan-Dehkordi F, Bagheri N. Current progress and challenges of immunotherapy in gastric cancer: A focus on CAR-T cells therapeutic approach. Life Sci 2023; 318:121459. [PMID: 36720453 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a severe malignancy, accounting for the third most common cancer death worldwide. Despite the development of chemo-radiation therapy, there has not been sufficient survival advantage in patients with GC who were treated by these methods. GC immunogenicity is hampered by a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment; therefore, further understanding of the molecular biology of GC is the potential to achieve new therapeutic strategies in GC therapy, including specific immunotherapy. Current immunotherapies are mainly based on cytokines, immune checkpoints, monoclonal antibodies (mAb), bispecific antibodies (BisAbs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). Immunotherapy has made significant progress in the treatment of GC, so that studies show that nivolumab as a programmed death 1 (PD1) inhibitor has proper safety and effectiveness as a third-line treatment for GC patients. Multiple monoclonal antibodies like ramucirumab and claudiximab were effective in treating GC patients, especially in combination with other treatments. Despite the challenges of CAR therapy in solid tumors, CAR therapy targets various GC cells targets; among them, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 CAR-T cell and CLDN18.2 CAR-T cell have shown promising results. Although responses to all these treatments are encouraging and in some cases, durable, these successes are not seen in all treated patients. The present review represents the development of various immunotherapies especially CAR-T cell therapy, its current use, clinical data in GC, and their limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahshad Entezam
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Yousef Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ali Hussein Mer
- Department of Nursing, Mergasour Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - Fatemeh Azadegan-Dehkordi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bispo IMC, Granger HP, Almeida PP, Nishiyama PB, de Freitas LM. Systems biology and OMIC data integration to understand gastrointestinal cancers. World J Clin Oncol 2022; 13:762-778. [PMID: 36337313 PMCID: PMC9630993 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v13.i10.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a set of diverse diseases affecting many parts/ organs. The five most frequent GI cancer types are esophageal, gastric cancer (GC), liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer (CRC); together, they give rise to 5 million new cases and cause the death of 3.5 million people annually. We provide information about molecular changes crucial to tumorigenesis and the behavior and prognosis. During the formation of cancer cells, the genomic changes are microsatellite instability with multiple chromosomal arrangements in GC and CRC. The genomically stable subtype is observed in GC and pancreatic cancer. Besides these genomic subtypes, CRC has epigenetic modification (hypermethylation) associated with a poor prognosis. The pathway information highlights the functions shared by GI cancers such as apoptosis; focal adhesion; and the p21-activated kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, transforming growth factor beta, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. These pathways show survival, cell proliferation, and cell motility. In addition, the immune response and inflammation are also essential elements in the shared functions. We also retrieved information on protein-protein interaction from the STRING database, and found that proteins Akt1, catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), E1A binding protein P300, tumor protein p53 (TP53), and TP53 binding protein 1 (TP53BP1) are central nodes in the network. The protein expression of these genes is associated with overall survival in some GI cancers. The low TP53BP1 expression in CRC, high EP300 expression in esophageal cancer, and increased expression of Akt1/TP53 or low CTNNB1 expression in GC are associated with a poor prognosis. The Kaplan Meier plotter database also confirmed the association between expression of the five central genes and GC survival rates. In conclusion, GI cancers are very diverse at the molecular level. However, the shared mutations and protein pathways might be used to understand better and reveal diagnostic/prognostic or drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iasmin Moreira Costa Bispo
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Henry Paul Granger
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Palloma Porto Almeida
- Division of Experimental and Translational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Patricia Belini Nishiyama
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Leandro Martins de Freitas
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Akbari A, Ashtari S, Tabaiean SP, Mehrdad‐Majd H, Farsi F, Shojaee S, Agah S. Overview of epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and risk factors of gastric cancer in Asia‐Pacific region. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2022; 18:493-505. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sara Ashtari
- Gastroenterology and Live Diseases Research Center Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Seidamir Pasha Tabaiean
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hassan Mehrdad‐Majd
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Farnaz Farsi
- Department of Nutrition School of public health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sajad Shojaee
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Biller LH, Creedon SA, Klehm M, Yurgelun MB. Lynch Syndrome-Associated Cancers Beyond Colorectal Cancer. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2022; 32:75-93. [PMID: 34798988 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is a common form of inherited cancer susceptibility, which predisposes to colorectal cancer (CRC) along with a wide array of other extracolonic malignancies, including other gastrointestinal cancers, cancers of the gynecologic and genitourinary tracts, and other organ sites. Recent data have provided novel insights into patient-specific factors that can help clinicians understand an individual LS carrier's risk of extracolonic cancers, including sex, specific LS gene, age, family history of cancer, and other factors. This summary seeks to provide an update on extracolonic cancer risks in LS and provide recommendations for surveillance and risk reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah H Biller
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Siobhan A Creedon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Margaret Klehm
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Matthew B Yurgelun
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kole C, Charalampakis N, Tsakatikas S, Kouris NI, Papaxoinis G, Karamouzis MV, Koumarianou A, Schizas D. Immunotherapy for gastric cancer: a 2021 update. Immunotherapy 2021; 14:41-64. [PMID: 34784774 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, the fifth most frequent cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths, accounts for a devastating death rate worldwide. Since the majority of patients with gastric cancer are diagnosed at advanced stages, they are not suitable for surgery and present with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Recent advances in immunotherapy have elicited a considerable amount of attention as viable therapeutic options for several cancer types. This work presents a summary of the currently ongoing clinical trials and critically addresses the efficacy of a large spectrum of immunotherapy approaches in the general population for gastric cancer as well as in relation to tumor genetic profiling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christo Kole
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, 115 27, Greece
| | | | - Sergios Tsakatikas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Athens, 185 37, Greece
| | - Nikolaos-Iasonas Kouris
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, 115 27, Greece
| | - George Papaxoinis
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, Agios Savas Anticancer Hospital, Athens, 115 22, Greece
| | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 115 27, Greece
| | - Anna Koumarianou
- Hematology Oncology Unit, Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, 124 62, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, 115 27, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Histórico familiar de câncer gástrico em pacientes dispépticos indicados à triagem endoscópica. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2021. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2021ao001985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
14
|
Saulino D, Chen R, Wang K, Shen M, Zhang X, Westerhoff M, Cheng J, Lin J, Zhang X, Feely M, Liu X. Characterization of Chronic Gastritis in Lynch Syndrome Patients With Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology Res 2021; 14:13-20. [PMID: 33737995 PMCID: PMC7935615 DOI: 10.14740/gr1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the Lynch syndrome (LS)-associated malignancies. Previous studies have suggested that LS patients with gastric cancer also had chronic atrophic gastritis in the background mucosa, but further histologic characterization was not attempted. This study aims to understand the histologic features of background chronic gastritis in LS patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods Eleven LS-associated gastric cancer cases were collected from five institutions. Demographics and clinical features were retrieved by review of medical charts. Pathological material was reviewed for tumor location and histologic type. In addition, non-neoplastic gastric mucosa was assessed for inflammation (chronic and active), atrophy, intestinal metaplasia (IM) in the antrum and body, as well as pyloric gland metaplasia and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia in the body. Results Eleven LS patients with gastric cancer (four male and seven female) with a mean age of 63 years (range: 23 - 83) were included. Ten (90.9%) had personal cancer histories; however none of the patients had family history of gastric cancer. Eight (72.7%) patients underwent gastrectomy and three had endoscopic resection. Nine (81.8%) patients had tumor in the fundus and/or body and two had tumor present in the antrum. Seven (63.6%) cases were intestinal type or mixed type carcinoma, and the remaining four were signet ring cell carcinoma. Eight (of 11, 72.7%) patients had chronic gastritis, five (45.4%) had atrophy, and four (36.3%) had intestinal metaplasia. Four of five patients with both antrum and body mucosa available for evaluation (80%), demonstrated body-predominant chronic gastritis. Four patients had germline MLH1 alterations and all of these patients had chronic gastritis, including one Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) gastritis and three H. pylori-negative gastritis. Conclusions None of LS patients with gastric cancer in our cohort had a family history of gastric cancer. Gastric adenocarcinomas in LS patients were primarily located in the fundus and/or body. Two-thirds of these tumors were of intestinal type and had a background chronic, H. pylori-negative gastritis. These results support a chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence in LS-related gastric tumorigenesis, particularly in MLH1-mutated LS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Saulino
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Minqian Shen
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Maria Westerhoff
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jerome Cheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jingmei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Michael Feely
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Șurlin P, Nicolae FM, Șurlin VM, Pătrașcu Ș, Ungureanu BS, Didilescu AC, Gheonea DI. Could Periodontal Disease through Periopathogen Fusobacterium Nucleatum be an Aggravating Factor for Gastric Cancer? J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123885. [PMID: 33260439 PMCID: PMC7761398 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease affects the supporting tissues of the teeth, being a chronic inflammatory disease caused by specific microorganisms from subgingival biofilm. Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that acts as a periodontal pathogen, being an important factor in linking Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in the periodontal biofilm, but its involvement in systemic diseases has also been found. Several studies regarding the implication of Fusobacterium nucleatum in gastro-enterological cancers have been conducted. The present review aims to update and systematize the latest information about Fusobacterium nucleatum in order to evaluate the possibility of an association between periodontal disease and the evolution of gastroenterological cancers through the action of Fusobacterium nucleatum, highlighting gastric cancer. This would motivate future research on the negative influence of periodontal pathology on the evolution of gastric cancer in patients suffering from both pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Șurlin
- Department of Periodontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Flavia Mirela Nicolae
- Department of Periodontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Correspondence: (F.M.N.); (V.M.S.)
| | - Valeriu Marin Șurlin
- Department 1st of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Correspondence: (F.M.N.); (V.M.S.)
| | - Ștefan Pătrașcu
- Department 1st of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| | - Andreea Cristiana Didilescu
- Department of Embriology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila of Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dan Ionuț Gheonea
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
de Angelis de Carvalho N, Niitsuma BN, Kozak VN, Costa FD, de Macedo MP, Kupper BEC, Silva MLG, Formiga MN, Volc SM, Aguiar Junior S, Palmero EI, Casali-da-Rocha JC, Carraro DM, Torrezan GT. Clinical and Molecular Assessment of Patients with Lynch Syndrome and Sarcomas Underpinning the Association with MSH2 Germline Pathogenic Variants. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1848. [PMID: 32659967 PMCID: PMC7408879 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome associated most frequently with epithelial tumors, particularly colorectal (CRC) and endometrial carcinomas (EC). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sarcomas and LS by performing clinical and molecular characterization of patients presenting co-occurrence of sarcomas and tumors from the LS spectrum. We identified 27 patients diagnosed with CRC, EC, and other LS-associated tumors who had sarcomas in the same individuals or families. Germline genetic testing, mismatch repair (MMR) protein immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability (MSI), and other molecular analyses were performed. Five LS patients presenting personal or family history of sarcomas were identified (3 MSH2 carriers and 2 MLH1), with 2 having Muir-Torre phenotypes. For two MSH2 carriers we confirmed the etiology of the sarcomas (one liposarcoma and two osteosarcomas) as LS-related, since the tumors were MSH2/MSH6-deficient, MSI-high, or presented a truncated MSH2 transcript. Additionally, we reviewed 43 previous reports of sarcomas in patients with LS, which revealed a high frequency (58%) of MSH2 alterations. In summary, sarcomas represent a rare clinical manifestation in patients with LS, especially in MSH2 carriers, and the analysis of tumor biological characteristics can be useful for definition of tumor etiology and novel therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathália de Angelis de Carvalho
- Genomics and Molecular Biology Group, International Research Center/CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (N.d.A.d.C.); (B.N.N.); (D.M.C.)
| | - Bianca Naomi Niitsuma
- Genomics and Molecular Biology Group, International Research Center/CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (N.d.A.d.C.); (B.N.N.); (D.M.C.)
| | - Vanessa Nascimento Kozak
- Oncogenetics Service, Hospital Erasto Gaertner, Curitiba 81520-060, Brazil; (V.N.K.); (J.C.C.-d.-R.)
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Brazil
| | - Felipe D’almeida Costa
- Anatomic Pathology Department, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (F.D.C.); (M.P.d.M.)
| | - Mariana Petaccia de Macedo
- Anatomic Pathology Department, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (F.D.C.); (M.P.d.M.)
| | - Bruna Elisa Catin Kupper
- Colorectal Cancer Department, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (B.E.C.K.); (S.A.J.)
| | | | | | - Sahlua Miguel Volc
- Faculdades Pequeno Principe, Curitiba 80230-020, Brazil; (S.M.V.); (E.I.P.)
- Oncogenetics Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Samuel Aguiar Junior
- Colorectal Cancer Department, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil; (B.E.C.K.); (S.A.J.)
| | - Edenir Inez Palmero
- Faculdades Pequeno Principe, Curitiba 80230-020, Brazil; (S.M.V.); (E.I.P.)
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-384, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Casali-da-Rocha
- Oncogenetics Service, Hospital Erasto Gaertner, Curitiba 81520-060, Brazil; (V.N.K.); (J.C.C.-d.-R.)
- Oncogenetics Department, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil;
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Genomics and Molecular Biology Group, International Research Center/CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (N.d.A.d.C.); (B.N.N.); (D.M.C.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics (INCITO), São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Giovana Tardin Torrezan
- Genomics and Molecular Biology Group, International Research Center/CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; (N.d.A.d.C.); (B.N.N.); (D.M.C.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics (INCITO), São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Machlowska J, Baj J, Sitarz M, Maciejewski R, Sitarz R. Gastric Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Genomic Characteristics and Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4012. [PMID: 32512697 PMCID: PMC7312039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 605] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and it is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. GC is a multifactorial disease, where both environmental and genetic factors can have an impact on its occurrence and development. The incidence rate of GC rises progressively with age; the median age at diagnosis is 70 years. However, approximately 10% of gastric carcinomas are detected at the age of 45 or younger. Early-onset gastric cancer is a good model to study genetic alterations related to the carcinogenesis process, as young patients are less exposed to environmental carcinogens. Carcinogenesis is a multistage disease process specified by the progressive development of mutations and epigenetic alterations in the expression of various genes, which are responsible for the occurrence of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julita Machlowska
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Kraków, Poland;
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Monika Sitarz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Robert Sitarz
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
- Department of Surgery, Center of Oncology of the Lublin Region St. Jana z Dukli, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Disease expression in juvenile polyposis syndrome: a retrospective survey on a cohort of 221 European patients and comparison with a literature-derived cohort of 473 SMAD4/BMPR1A pathogenic variant carriers. Genet Med 2020; 22:1524-1532. [PMID: 32398773 PMCID: PMC7462743 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-0826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) is a rare, autosomal-dominantly inherited cancer predisposition caused in approximately 50% of cases by pathogenic germline variants in SMAD4 and BMPR1A. We aimed to gather detailed clinical and molecular genetic information on JPS disease expression to provide a basis for management guidelines and establish open access variant databases. Methods We performed a retrospective, questionnaire-based European multicenter survey on and established a cohort of SMAD4/BMPR1A pathogenic variant carriers from the medical literature. Results We analyzed questionnaire-based data on 221 JPS patients (126 kindreds) from ten European centers and retrieved literature-based information on 473 patients. Compared with BMPR1A carriers, SMAD4 carriers displayed anemia twice as often (58% vs. 26%), and exclusively showed overlap symptoms with hemorrhagic telangiectasia (32%) and an increased prevalence (39% vs. 13%) of gastric juvenile polyps. Cancer, reported in 15% of JPS patients (median age 41 years), mainly occurred in the colorectum (overall: 62%, SMAD4: 58%, BMPR1A: 88%) and the stomach (overall: 21%; SMAD4: 27%, BMPR1A: 0%). Conclusion This comprehensive retrospective study on genotype–phenotype correlations in 694 JPS patients corroborates previous observations on JPS in general and SMAD4 carriers in particular, facilitates recommendations for clinical management, and provides the basis for open access variant SMAD4 and BMPR1A databases.
Collapse
|
19
|
Assumpção P, Araújo T, Khayat A, Ishak G, Santos S, Barra W, Acioli JF, Rossi B, Assumpção P. Hereditary gastric cancer: Three rules to reduce missed diagnoses. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1382-1393. [PMID: 32308342 PMCID: PMC7152522 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i13.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the most lethal cancers. The incidence and mortality rates are quite similar. The main reason for the high mortality is diagnosis at advanced stages of disease, when treatment options are poor. One of the supposed strategies to overcome late-stage diagnosis is identifying people at high risk with the aim of establishing rigorous clinical control, including routine endoscopy and biopsies. Hereditary gastric cancer (HGC) syndromes, though representing a sizeable group to monitor for prevention or, at least, for early diagnosis, are apparently extremely rare. The low rate of HGC diagnosis might be related to the low rates of suspicion, insufficient familiarity about clinical diagnosis criteria, and the supposed conditional necessity of a molecular diagnosis. In this review, we will discuss simple measures to increase HGC diagnosis by applying three rules that might provide an opportunity for precision care to benefit the families affected by this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Assumpção
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Taíssa Araújo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - André Khayat
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Ishak
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Williams Barra
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - João Felipe Acioli
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Benedito Rossi
- Centro de Oncologia e Aconselhamento Genético, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Paulo Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zheng S, Yang L, Dai Y, Jiang L, Wei Y, Wen H, Xu Y. Screening and Survival Analysis of Hub Genes in Gastric Cancer Based on Bioinformatics. J Comput Biol 2019; 26:1316-1325. [PMID: 31233344 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2019.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening for hub genes associated with gastric cancer and elucidating possible molecular mechanisms of gastric cancer. Five gastric cancer-related gene expression profiles were extracted from the GEO database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained using GEO2R. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were performed by DAVID, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed by STRING and Cytoscape software. Survival value for hub gene comes from the Kaplan-Meier plotter platform. In addition, potential miRNAs of hub genes were predicted by miRWalk. Four hundred seventy-six DEGs were identified in the five expression profiles, these genes are mainly involved in extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, chemical carcinogenesis, gastric acid secretion, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Combined with the results of the PPI network and CytoHubba, six hub genes were screened: SERPINH1, NPY, PTGDR, GPER, ADHFE1, and AKR1C1. These genes are highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, and the overexpression level of these genes is associated with poor survival. A series of miRNAs such as hsa-miRNA-92a-1, hsa-miRNA-647, and hsa-miRNA-507 may play a key role in hub gene regulation. Our studies indicate that SERPINH1, NPY, PTGDR, GPER, ADHFE1, and AKR1C1 may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunxin Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Tanzhong People's Hospital, Liuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liuhong Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Liuzhou Maternal and Children Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yisong Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Tanzhong People's Hospital, Liuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Tanzhong People's Hospital, Liuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Tanzhong People's Hospital, Liuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Tanzhong People's Hospital, Liuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yingfang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Tanzhong People's Hospital, Liuzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Epidemiology of gastric cancer: global trends, risk factors and prevention. GASTROENTEROLOGY REVIEW 2018; 14:26-38. [PMID: 30944675 PMCID: PMC6444111 DOI: 10.5114/pg.2018.80001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 610] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide, especially among older males. Based on GLOBOCAN 2018 data, stomach cancer is the 5th most common neoplasm and the 3rd most deadly cancer, with an estimated 783,000 deaths in 2018. Gastric cancer incidence and mortality are highly variable by region and highly dependent on diet and Helicobacter pylori infection. While strides in preventing and treating H. pylori infection have decreased the overall incidence of gastric cancer, they have also contributed to an increase in the incidence of cardia gastric cancer, a rare subtype of the neoplasm that has grown 7-fold in the past decades. A better understanding of the etiology and risk factors of the disease can help reach a consensus in approaching H. pylori infection. Dietary modification, smoking cessation, and exercise hold promise in preventing gastric cancer, while genetic testing is enabling earlier diagnosis and thus greater survival.
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee K, Krempely K, Roberts ME, Anderson MJ, Carneiro F, Chao E, Dixon K, Figueiredo J, Ghosh R, Huntsman D, Kaurah P, Kesserwan C, Landrith T, Li S, Mensenkamp AR, Oliveira C, Pardo C, Pesaran T, Richardson M, Slavin TP, Spurdle AB, Trapp M, Witkowski L, Yi CS, Zhang L, Plon SE, Schrader KA, Karam R. Specifications of the ACMG/AMP variant curation guidelines for the analysis of germline CDH1 sequence variants. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1553-1568. [PMID: 30311375 PMCID: PMC6188664 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The variant curation guidelines published in 2015 by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) provided the genetics community with a framework to assess variant pathogenicity; however, these rules are not gene specific. Germline pathogenic variants in the CDH1 gene cause hereditary diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer, a clinically challenging cancer predisposition syndrome that often requires a multidisciplinary team of experts to be properly managed. Given this challenge, the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Hereditary Cancer Domain prioritized the development of the CDH1 variant curation expert panel (VCEP) to develop and implement rules for CDH1 variant classifications. Here, we describe the CDH1 specifications of the ACMG/AMP guidelines, which were developed and validated after a systematic evaluation of variants obtained from a cohort of clinical laboratory data encompassing ∼827,000 CDH1 sequenced alleles. Comparing previously reported germline variants that were classified using the 2015 ACMG/AMP guidelines to the CDH1 VCEP recommendations resulted in reduced variants of uncertain significance and facilitated resolution of variants with conflicted assertions in ClinVar. The ClinGen CDH1 VCEP recommends the use of these CDH1-specific guidelines for the assessment and classification of variants identified in this clinically actionable gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Lee
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Fatima Carneiro
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | - Elizabeth Chao
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Joana Figueiredo
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuwei Li
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | | | - Carla Oliveira
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | | | | | | | - Thomas P. Slavin
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Mackenzie Trapp
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leora Witkowski
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kasmintan A. Schrader
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang JP, Lin J, Tzen CY, Huang WY, Tsai CC, Chen CJ, Lu YJ, Chou KF, Su YW. FANCA D1359Y mutation in a patient with gastric polyposis and cancer susceptibility: A case report and review of literature. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4412-4418. [PMID: 30344425 PMCID: PMC6189845 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i38.4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric polyposis is a rare disease. Not all polyps progress to cancer. Monoallelic mutation in Fanconi anemia (FA) genes, unlike biallelic gene mutations that causes typical FA phenotype, can increase risks of cancers in a sporadic manner. Aberrations in the FA pathway were reported in all molecular subtypes of gastric cancer. We studied a patient with synchronous gastric cancer from gastric polyposis by conducting a 13-year long-term follow up. Via pathway-driven massive parallel genomic sequencing, a germline mutation at FANCA D1359Y was identified. We identified several recurrent mutations in DNA methylation (TET1, V873I), the β-catenin pathway (CTNNB1, S45F) and RHO signaling pathway (PLEKHG5, R203C) by comparing the genetic events between benign and malignant gastric polyps. Furthermore, we revealed gastric polyposis susceptible genes and genetic events promoting malignant transformation using pathway-driven targeted gene sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Peng Huang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Johnson Lin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Tzen
- Department of Pathology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Good Clinical Research Center, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Tsai
- Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jung Lu
- ACT Genomics Co., Ltd., Taipei 11494, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Fang Chou
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wen Su
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ansari S, Gantuya B, Tuan VP, Yamaoka Y. Diffuse Gastric Cancer: A Summary of Analogous Contributing Factors for Its Molecular Pathogenicity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082424. [PMID: 30115886 PMCID: PMC6121269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and ranks as the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Incidence and mortality differ depending on the geographical region and gastric cancer ranks first in East Asian countries. Although genetic factors, gastric environment, and Helicobacter pylori infection have been associated with the pathogenicity and development of intestinal-type gastric cancer that follows the Correa’s cascade, the pathogenicity of diffuse-type gastric cancer remains mostly unknown and undefined. However, genetic abnormalities in the cell adherence factors, such as E-cadherin and cellular activities that cause impaired cell integrity and physiology, have been documented as contributing factors. In recent years, H. pylori infection has been also associated with the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Therefore, in this report, we discuss the host factors as well as the bacterial factors that have been reported as associated factors contributing to the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Boldbaatar Gantuya
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology unit, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar-14210, Mongolia.
| | - Vo Phuoc Tuan
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Endoscopy, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vial MT, Ibarra Á. ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Y TUMORES HEREDITARIOS. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
26
|
Mitochondrial Dynamics: In Cell Reprogramming as It Is in Cancer. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:8073721. [PMID: 28484497 PMCID: PMC5412136 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8073721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into a pluripotent cellular state similar to that of embryonic stem cells. Given the significant physiological differences between the somatic and pluripotent cells, cell reprogramming is associated with a profound reorganization of the somatic phenotype at all levels. The remodeling of mitochondrial morphology is one of these dramatic changes that somatic cells have to undertake during cell reprogramming. Somatic cells transform their tubular and interconnected mitochondrial network to the fragmented and isolated organelles found in pluripotent stem cells early during cell reprogramming. Accordingly, mitochondrial fission, the process whereby the mitochondria divide, plays an important role in the cell reprogramming process. Here, we present an overview of the importance of mitochondrial fission in both cell reprogramming and cellular transformation.
Collapse
|
27
|
Katona BW, Rustgi AK. Gastric Cancer Genomics: Advances and Future Directions. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 3:211-217. [PMID: 28275688 PMCID: PMC5331775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Advancement in the field of cancer genomics is revolutionizing the molecular characterization of a wide variety of different cancers. Recent application of large-scale, next-generation sequencing technology to gastric cancer, which remains a major source of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, has helped better define the complex genomic landscape of this cancer. These studies also have led to the development of novel genomically based molecular classification systems for gastric cancer, reinforced the importance of classic driver mutations in gastric cancer pathogenesis, and led to the discovery of new driver gene mutations that previously were not known to be associated with gastric cancer. This wealth of genomic data has significant potential to impact the future management of this disease, and the challenge remains to effectively translate this genomic data into better treatment paradigms for gastric cancer.
Collapse
Key Words
- ACRG, Asian Cancer Research Group
- CIN, chromosomal instability
- Driver Gene Mutations
- EBV, Epstein–Barr virus
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- GS, genomic stability
- Gastric Cancer
- Genomics
- MSI, microsatellite instability
- MSS, microsatellite stable
- NGS, next-generation sequencing
- Next-Generation Sequencing
- PD-L, programmed death-ligand
- RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryson W. Katona
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Bryson W. Katona, MD, PhD, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, 751 South Pavilion, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. fax: (215) 349-5915.Perelman Center for Advanced MedicineDivision of Gastroenterology3400 Civic Center Boulevard751 South PavilionUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104
| | | |
Collapse
|