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Ai X, Yang J, Liu Z, Guo T, Feng N. Recent progress of microneedles in transdermal immunotherapy: A review. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124481. [PMID: 39025342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Since human skin is an immune organ, a large number of immune cells are distributed in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin. Transdermal immunotherapy shows great therapeutic advantages in innate immunotherapy and adaptive immunotherapy. To solve the problem that macromolecules are difficult to penetrate into the skin, the microneedle technology can directly break through the skin barrier using micron-sized needles in a non-invasive and painless way for transdermal drug delivery. Therefore, it is considered to be an effective technology to increase drug transdermal absorption. In this review, the types of preparation, the combinations with different techniques and the mechanisms of microneedles in transdermal immunotherapy were summarized. Compared with traditional immunotherapy like intramuscular injection and subcutaneous injection, the microneedle has many advantages in transdermal immunotherapy, such as reducing patient pain, enhancing vaccine stability, and inducing stronger immune responses. Although there are still some limitations to be solved, the application of microneedle technology in transdermal immunotherapy is undoubtedly a promising means of drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Ai
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenda Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Teng Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Nianping Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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2
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Saleemi MA, Zhang Y, Zhang G. Current Progress in the Science of Novel Adjuvant Nano-Vaccine-Induced Protective Immune Responses. Pathogens 2024; 13:441. [PMID: 38921739 PMCID: PMC11206999 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccinations are vital as they protect us from various illness-causing agents. Despite all the advancements in vaccine-related research, developing improved and safer vaccines against devastating infectious diseases including Ebola, tuberculosis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a significant challenge. In addition, some of the current human vaccines can cause adverse reactions in some individuals, which limits their use for massive vaccination program. Therefore, it is necessary to design optimal vaccine candidates that can elicit appropriate immune responses but do not induce side effects. Subunit vaccines are relatively safe for the vaccination of humans, but they are unable to trigger an optimal protective immune response without an adjuvant. Although different types of adjuvants have been used for the formulation of vaccines to fight pathogens that have high antigenic diversity, due to the toxicity and safety issues associated with human-specific adjuvants, there are only a few adjuvants that have been approved for the formulation of human vaccines. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) have gain specific attention and are commonly used as adjuvants for vaccine development as well as for drug delivery due to their excellent immune modulation properties. This review will focus on the current state of adjuvants in vaccine development, the mechanisms of human-compatible adjuvants and future research directions. We hope this review will provide valuable information to discovery novel adjuvants and drug delivery systems for developing novel vaccines and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guoquan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (M.A.S.); (Y.Z.)
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3
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Ray S, Puente A, Steinmetz NF, Pokorski JK. Recent advancements in single dose slow-release devices for prophylactic vaccines. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1832. [PMID: 35850120 PMCID: PMC9840709 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Single dose slow-release vaccines herald a new era in vaccine administration. An ideal device for slow-release vaccine delivery would be minimally invasive and self-administered, making these approaches an attractive alternative for mass vaccination programs, particularly during the time of a pandemic. In this review article, we discuss the latest advances in this field, specifically for prophylactic vaccines able to prevent infectious diseases. Recent studies have found that slow-release vaccines elicit better immune responses and often do not require cold chain transportation and storage, thus drastically reducing the cost, streamlining distribution, and improving efficacy. This promise has attracted significant attention, especially when poor patient compliance of the standard multidose vaccine regimes is considered. Single dose slow-release vaccines are the next generation of vaccine tools that could overcome most of the shortcomings of present vaccination programs and be the next platform technology to combat future pandemics. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayoni Ray
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Armando Puente
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Department of Radiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jonathan K. Pokorski
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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4
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Choo JJY, McMillan CLD, Young PR, Muller DA. Microarray patches: scratching the surface of vaccine delivery. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:937-955. [PMID: 37846657 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2270598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microneedles are emerging as a promising technology for vaccine delivery, with numerous advantages over traditional needle and syringe methods. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of MAPs in inducing robust immune responses over traditional needle and syringe methods, with extensive studies using vaccines targeted against different pathogens in various animal models. Critically, the clinical trials have demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and patient acceptance for MAP-based vaccines against influenza, measles, rubella, and SARS-CoV-2. AREAS COVERED This review provides a comprehensive overview of the different types of microarray patches (MAPs) and analyses of their applications in preclinical and clinical vaccine delivery settings. This review also covers additional considerations for microneedle-based vaccination, including adjuvants that are compatible with MAPs, patient safety and factors for global vaccination campaigns. EXPERT OPINION MAP vaccine delivery can potentially be a game-changer for vaccine distribution and coverage in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries. For MAPs to reach this full potential, many critical hurdles must be overcome, such as large-scale production, regulatory compliance, and adoption by global health authorities. However, given the considerable strides made in recent years by MAP developers, it may be possible to see the first MAP-based vaccines in use within the next 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovin J Y Choo
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher L D McMillan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul R Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David A Muller
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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5
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Sadeqi A, Kiaee G, Zeng W, Rezaei Nejad H, Sonkusale S. Hard polymeric porous microneedles on stretchable substrate for transdermal drug delivery. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1853. [PMID: 35115643 PMCID: PMC8813900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05912-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedles offer a convenient transdermal delivery route with potential for long term sustained release of drugs. However current microneedle technologies may not have the mechanical properties for reliable and stable penetration (e.g. hydrogel microneedles). Moreover, it is also challenging to realize microneedle arrays with large size and high flexibility. There is also an inherent upper limit to the amount and kind of drugs that can be loaded in the microneedles. In this paper, we present a new class of polymeric porous microneedles made from biocompatible and photo-curable resin that address these challenges. The microneedles are unique in their ability to load solid drug formulation in concentrated form. We demonstrate the loading and release of solid formulation of anesthetic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, namely Lidocaine and Ibuprofen. Paper also demonstrates realization of large area (6 × 20 cm2) flexible and stretchable microneedle patches capable of drug delivery on any body part. Penetration studies were performed in an ex vivo porcine model supplemented through rigorous compression tests to ensure the robustness and rigidity of the microneedles. Detailed release profiles of the microneedle patches were shown in an in vitro skin model. Results show promise for large area transdermal delivery of solid drug formulations using these porous microneedles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Sadeqi
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 161 College Ave, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Gita Kiaee
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 161 College Ave, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Hojatollah Rezaei Nejad
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA. .,Anodyne Nanotech Inc, 38 Wareham St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Sameer Sonkusale
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 161 College Ave, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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6
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Ma Y, Ying Z, Li J, Gu Q, Wang X, Cai L, Shi L, Sun M. Immunogenicity of fractional-dose of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine made from Sabin strains delivered by intradermal vaccination in Wistar rats. Biologicals 2022; 75:3-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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7
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Microneedle-Mediated Vaccination: Innovation and Translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:113919. [PMID: 34375682 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine administration by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection is the most commonly prescribed route for inoculation, however, it is often associated with some deficiencies such as low compliance, high professionalism, and risk of infection. Therefore, the application of microneedles for vaccine delivery has gained widespread interests in the past few years due to its high compliance, minimal invasiveness, and convenience. This review focuses on recent advances in the development and application of microneedles for vaccination based on different delivery strategies, and introduces the current status of microneedle-mediated vaccination in clinical translation. The prospects for its application including opportunities and challenges are further discussed.
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8
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Zuo W, Li J, Jiang W, Zhang M, Ma Y, Gu Q, Wang X, Cai L, Shi L, Sun M. Dose-Sparing Intradermal DTaP-sIPV Immunization With a Hollow Microneedle Leads to Superior Immune Responses. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:757375. [PMID: 34759909 PMCID: PMC8573275 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.757375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dose-sparing intradermal (ID) vaccination may induce the same immune responses as intramuscular (IM) vaccination, which can increase vaccine supplies and save costs. In this study, rats were immunized with fractional-dose of Sabin-derived IPV combined with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP-sIPV) intradermally with hollow microneedle devices called MicronJet600 and the vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy were evaluated and compared with those of full-dose intramuscular immunization. We tested levels of antibodies and the subclass distribution achieved via different immunization routes. Furthermore, gene transcription in the lung and spleen, cytokine levels and protection against Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) infection were also examined. The humoral immune effect of DTaP-sIPV delivered with MicronJet600 revealed that this approach had a significant dose-sparing effect and induced more effective protection against B. pertussis infection by causing Th1/Th17 responses. In conclusion, ID immunization of DTaP-sIPV with the MicronJet600 is a better choice than IM immunization, and it has the potential to be a new DTaP-sIPV vaccination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilun Zuo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Wenwen Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Qin Gu
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Lukui Cai
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Li Shi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Mingbo Sun
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
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9
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Stinson JA, Boopathy AV, Cieslewicz BM, Zhang Y, Hartman NW, Miller DP, Dirckx M, Hurst BL, Tarbet EB, Kluge JA, Kosuda KM. Enhancing influenza vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy through infection mimicry using silk microneedles. Vaccine 2021; 39:5410-5421. [PMID: 34391593 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Traditional bolus vaccine administration leads to rapid clearance of vaccine from lymphoid tissue. However, there is increasing evidence suggesting that the kinetics of antigen delivery can impact immune responses to vaccines, particularly when tailored to mimic natural infections. Here, we present the specific enhancements sustained release immunization confers to seasonal influenza vaccine, including the magnitude, durability, and breadth of humoral responses. To achieve sustained vaccine delivery kinetics, we have developed a microneedle array patch (MIMIX), with silk fibroin-formulated vaccine tips designed to embed in the dermis after a short application to the skin and release antigen over 1-2 weeks, mimicking the time course of a natural influenza infection. In a preclinical murine model, a single influenza vaccine administration via MIMIX led to faster seroconversion, response-equivalence to prime-boost bolus immunization, higher HAI titers against drifted influenza strains, and improved protective efficacy upon lethal influenza challenge when compared with intramuscular injection. These results highlight infection mimicry, achieved through sustained release silk microneedles, as a powerful approach to improve existing seasonal influenza vaccines, while also suggesting the broader potential of this platform technology to enable more efficacious next-generation vaccines and vaccine combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A Stinson
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Archana V Boopathy
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brian M Cieslewicz
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nickolas W Hartman
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David P Miller
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Matthew Dirckx
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brett L Hurst
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, 5600 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - E Bart Tarbet
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, 5600 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Jonathan A Kluge
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kathryn M Kosuda
- Vaxess Technologies, Inc., 790 Memorial Drive, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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10
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Yang L, Yang Y, Chen H, Mei L, Zeng X. Polymeric microneedle‐mediated sustained release systems: Design strategies and promising applications for drug delivery. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 17:70-86. [PMID: 35261645 PMCID: PMC8888142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenteral sustained release drug formulations, acting as preferable platforms for long-term exposure therapy, have been wildly used in clinical practice. However, most of these delivery systems must be given by hypodermic injection. Therefore, issues including needle-phobic, needle-stick injuries and inappropriate reuse of needles would hamper the further applications of these delivery platforms. Microneedles (MNs) as a potential alternative system for hypodermic needles can benefit from minimally invasive and self-administration. Recently, polymeric microneedle-mediated sustained release systems (MN@SRS) have opened up a new way for treatment of many diseases. Here, we reviewed the recent researches in MN@SRS for transdermal delivery, and summed up its typical design strategies and applications in various diseases therapy, particularly focusing on the applications in contraception, infection, cancer, diabetes, and subcutaneous disease. An overview of the present clinical translation difficulties and future outlook of MN@SRS was also provided.
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11
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Microarray patches enable the development of skin-targeted vaccines against COVID-19. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:164-186. [PMID: 33539853 PMCID: PMC8060128 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious threat to global health and the global economy. The ongoing race to develop a safe and efficacious vaccine to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent for COVID-19, highlights the importance of vaccination to combat infectious pathogens. The highly accessible cutaneous microenvironment is an ideal target for vaccination since the skin harbors a high density of antigen-presenting cells and immune accessory cells with broad innate immune functions. Microarray patches (MAPs) are an attractive intracutaneous biocargo delivery system that enables safe, reproducible, and controlled administration of vaccine components (antigens, with or without adjuvants) to defined skin microenvironments. This review describes the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and relevant antigenic targets for vaccination, summarizes key concepts of skin immunobiology in the context of prophylactic immunization, and presents an overview of MAP-mediated cutaneous vaccine delivery. Concluding remarks on MAP-based skin immunization are provided to contribute to the rational development of safe and effective MAP-delivered vaccines against emerging infectious diseases, including COVID-19.
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12
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Cárcamo-Martínez Á, Mallon B, Domínguez-Robles J, Vora LK, Anjani QK, Donnelly RF. Hollow microneedles: A perspective in biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120455. [PMID: 33676993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Microneedles (MN) have the potential to become a highly progressive device for both drug delivery and monitoring purposes as they penetrate the skin and pierce the stratum corneum barrier, allowing the delivery of drugs in the viable skin layers and the extraction of body fluids. Despite the many years of research and the different types of MN developed, only hollow MN have reached the pharmaceutical market under the path of medical devices. Therefore, this review focuses on hollow MN, materials and methods for their fabrication as well as their application in drug delivery, vaccine delivery and monitoring purposes. Furthermore, novel approaches for the fabrication of hollow MN are included as well as prospects of microneedle-based products on the market.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brónach Mallon
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita K Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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13
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Korkmaz E, Balmert SC, Carey CD, Erdos G, Falo LD. Emerging skin-targeted drug delivery strategies to engineer immunity: A focus on infectious diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:151-167. [PMID: 32924651 PMCID: PMC9355143 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1823964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infectious pathogens are global disrupters. Progress in biomedical science and technology has expanded the public health arsenal against infectious diseases. Specifically, vaccination has reduced the burden of infectious pathogens. Engineering systemic immunity by harnessing the cutaneous immune network has been particularly attractive since the skin is an easily accessible immune-responsive organ. Recent advances in skin-targeted drug delivery strategies have enabled safe, patient-friendly, and controlled deployment of vaccines to cutaneous microenvironments for inducing long-lived pathogen-specific immunity to mitigate infectious diseases, including COVID-19. AREAS COVERED This review briefly discusses the basics of cutaneous immunomodulation and provides a concise overview of emerging skin-targeted drug delivery systems that enable safe, minimally invasive, and effective intracutaneous administration of vaccines for engineering systemic immune responses to combat infectious diseases. EXPERT OPINION In-situ engineering of the cutaneous microenvironment using emerging skin-targeted vaccine delivery systems offers remarkable potential to develop diverse immunization strategies against pathogens. Mechanistic studies with standard correlates of vaccine efficacy will be important to compare innovative intracutaneous drug delivery strategies to each other and to existing clinical approaches. Cost-benefit analyses will be necessary for developing effective commercialization strategies. Significant involvement of industry and/or government will be imperative for successfully bringing novel skin-targeted vaccine delivery methods to market for their widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrullah Korkmaz
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen C. Balmert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cara Donahue Carey
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Geza Erdos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Louis D. Falo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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14
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Irvine DJ, Aung A, Silva M. Controlling timing and location in vaccines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 158:91-115. [PMID: 32598970 PMCID: PMC7318960 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most powerful technologies supporting public health. The adaptive immune response induced by immunization arises following appropriate activation and differentiation of T and B cells in lymph nodes. Among many parameters impacting the resulting immune response, the presence of antigen and inflammatory cues for an appropriate temporal duration within the lymph nodes, and further within appropriate subcompartments of the lymph nodes– the right timing and location– play a critical role in shaping cellular and humoral immunity. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of how vaccine kinetics and biodistribution impact adaptive immunity, and the underlying immunological mechanisms that govern these responses. We discuss emerging approaches to engineer these properties for future vaccines, with a focus on subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrell J Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Aereas Aung
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Murillo Silva
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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15
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Leone M, Romeijn S, Du G, Le Dévédec S, Vrieling H, O'Mahony C, Bouwstra J, Kersten G. Diphtheria toxoid dissolving microneedle vaccination: Adjuvant screening and effect of repeated-fractional dose administration. Int J Pharm 2020; 580:119182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Sabri AH, Kim Y, Marlow M, Scurr DJ, Segal J, Banga AK, Kagan L, Lee JB. Intradermal and transdermal drug delivery using microneedles - Fabrication, performance evaluation and application to lymphatic delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 153:195-215. [PMID: 31634516 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The progress in microneedle research is evidenced by the transition from simple 'poke and patch' solid microneedles fabricated from silicon and stainless steel to the development of bioresponsive systems such as hydrogel-forming and dissolving microneedles. In this review, we provide an outline on various microneedle fabrication techniques which are currently employed. As a range of factors, including materials, geometry and design of the microneedles, affect the performance, it is important to understand the relationships between them and the resulting delivery of therapeutics. Accordingly, there is a need for appropriate methodologies and techniques for characterization and evaluation of microneedle performance, which will also be discussed. As the research expands, it has been observed that therapeutics delivered via microneedles has gained expedited access to the lymphatics, which makes them a favorable delivery method for targeting the lymphatic system. Such opportunity is valuable in the area of vaccination and treatment of lymphatic disorders, which is the final focus of the review.
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17
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Donadei A, Kraan H, Ophorst O, Flynn O, O'Mahony C, Soema PC, Moore AC. Skin delivery of trivalent Sabin inactivated poliovirus vaccine using dissolvable microneedle patches induces neutralizing antibodies. J Control Release 2019; 311-312:96-103. [PMID: 31484041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The cessation of the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and the inclusion of inactivated poliovirus (IPV) into all routine immunization programmes, strengthens the need for new IPV options. Several novel delivery technologies are being assessed that permit simple yet efficacious and potentially dose-sparing administration of IPV. Current disadvantages of conventional liquid IPV include the dependence on cold chain and the need for injection, resulting in high costs, production of hazardous sharps waste and requiring sufficiently trained personnel. In the current study, a dissolvable microneedle (DMN) patch for skin administration that incorporates trivalent inactivated Sabin poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) was developed. Microneedles were physically stable in the ambient environment for at least 30 min and efficiently penetrated skin. Polio-specific IgG antibodies that were able to neutralize the virus were induced in rats upon administration using trivalent sIPV-containing microneedle patches. These sIPV-patch-induced neutralizing antibody responses were comparable to higher vaccine doses delivered intramuscularly for type 1 and type 3 poliovirus serotypes. Moreover, applying the patches to the flank elicited a significantly higher antibody response compared to their administration to the ear. This study progresses the development of a skin patch-based technology that would simplify vaccine administration of Sabin IPV and thereby overcome logistic issues currently constraining poliovirus eradication campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Donadei
- School of Pharmacy, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Heleen Kraan
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Olga Ophorst
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Olivia Flynn
- School of Pharmacy, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Conor O'Mahony
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Peter C Soema
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anne C Moore
- School of Pharmacy, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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18
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Enhancing humoral immunity via sustained-release implantable microneedle patch vaccination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:16473-16478. [PMID: 31358641 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1902179116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained exposure of lymphoid tissues to vaccine antigens promotes humoral immunity, but traditional bolus immunizations lead to rapid antigen clearance. We describe a technology to tailor vaccine kinetics in a needle-free platform translatable to human immunization. Solid pyramidal microneedle (MN) arrays were fabricated with silk fibroin protein tips encapsulating a stabilized HIV envelope trimer immunogen and adjuvant, supported on a dissolving polymer base. Upon brief skin application, vaccine-loaded silk tips are implanted in the epidermis/upper dermis where they release vaccine over a time period determined by the crystallinity of the silk matrix. Following MN immunization in mice, Env trimer was released over 2 wk in the skin, correlating with increased germinal center (GC) B cell responses, a ∼1,300-fold increase in serum IgG titers and a 16-fold increase in bone marrow (BM) plasma cells compared with bolus immunization. Thus, implantable MNs provide a practical means to substantially enhance humoral immunity to subunit vaccines.
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19
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Joyce JC, Sella HE, Jost H, Mistilis MJ, Esser ES, Pradhan P, Toy R, Collins ML, Rota PA, Roy K, Skountzou I, Compans RW, Oberste MS, Weldon WC, Norman JJ, Prausnitz MR. Extended delivery of vaccines to the skin improves immune responses. J Control Release 2019; 304:135-145. [PMID: 31071375 PMCID: PMC6613980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines prevent 2-3 million childhood deaths annually; however, low vaccine efficacy and the resulting need for booster doses create gaps in immunization coverage. In this translational study, we explore the benefits of extended release of licensed vaccine antigens into skin to increase immune responses after a single dose in order to design improved vaccine delivery systems. By administering daily intradermal injections of inactivated polio vaccine according to six different delivery profiles, zeroth-order release over 28 days resulted in neutralizing antibody titers equivalent to two bolus vaccinations administered one month apart. Vaccinations following this profile also improved immune responses to tetanus toxoid and subunit influenza vaccine but not a live-attenuated viral vaccine, measles vaccine. Finally, using subunit influenza vaccine, we demonstrated that daily vaccination by microneedle patch induced a potent, balanced humoral immunity with an increased memory response compared to bolus vaccination. We conclude that extended presentation of antigen in skin via intradermal injection or microneedle patch can enhance immune responses and reduce the number of vaccine doses, thereby enabling increased vaccination efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Joyce
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Hila E Sella
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. M/S C22, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Heather Jost
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. M/S C22, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Matthew J Mistilis
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - E Stein Esser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Pallab Pradhan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Randall Toy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Marcus L Collins
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. M/S C22, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Paul A Rota
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. M/S C22, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ioanna Skountzou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Richard W Compans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - M Steven Oberste
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. M/S C22, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - William C Weldon
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. M/S C22, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - James J Norman
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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20
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Courtenay AJ, Rodgers AM, McCrudden MTC, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Novel Hydrogel-Forming Microneedle Array for Intradermal Vaccination in Mice Using Ovalbumin as a Model Protein Antigen. Mol Pharm 2018; 16:118-127. [PMID: 30452868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Global vaccination strategies have traditionally relied on the hypodermic needle and syringe model. However, to facilitate increased immunization coverage and reduce costs, novel methods of vaccine delivery are warranted. Dissolving microneedle arrays (MNs) have been proposed as an alternative approach to the hypodermic needle, offering the prospect for self-vaccination and increased immunogenicity via direct targeting of skin dendritic cells. This study, for the first time, compares the use of novel hydrogel-forming MNs and dissolving MNs for the delivery of a model protein antigen ovalbumin (OVA). We provide comparative data on both MN types in terms of in vitro characteristics and in vivo immunogenicity. Herein, both MN platforms were tested and characterized in terms of mechanical integrity and insertion properties using a validated skin insertion model. A comparative in vivo vaccination study in BALB/c mice was conducted, whereby anti-OVA specific IgG was used as a measure of delivery efficacy and subsequent immune response. While vaccination of mice with both MN platforms resulted in IgG responses, those vaccinated with dissolving MNs had significantly higher IgG titers ( p < 0.0149), despite the quantity of OVA delivered being significantly less. This study highlights the importance of MN design and the potential impact of dissolving MN polymers on the immune response to vaccine antigens. Furthermore, detailed studies are therefore required to elucidate the effects of polymer-vaccine interactions and their subsequent effect on immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Courtenay
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queens University Belfast , 97 Lisburn Road , Belfast BT9 7BL , United Kingdom
| | - Aoife M Rodgers
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queens University Belfast , 97 Lisburn Road , Belfast BT9 7BL , United Kingdom
| | - Maelíosa T C McCrudden
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queens University Belfast , 97 Lisburn Road , Belfast BT9 7BL , United Kingdom
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queens University Belfast , 97 Lisburn Road , Belfast BT9 7BL , United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queens University Belfast , 97 Lisburn Road , Belfast BT9 7BL , United Kingdom
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21
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Leone M, Priester MI, Romeijn S, Nejadnik MR, Mönkäre J, O'Mahony C, Jiskoot W, Kersten G, Bouwstra JA. Hyaluronan-based dissolving microneedles with high antigen content for intradermal vaccination: Formulation, physicochemical characterization and immunogenicity assessment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 134:49-59. [PMID: 30453025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to optimize the manufacturing of dissolving microneedles (dMNs) and to increase the antigen loading in dMNs to investigate the effect on their physicochemical properties. To achieve this, a novel single-array wells polydimethylsiloxane mold was designed, minimizing antigen wastage during fabrication and achieving homogeneous antigen distribution among the dMN arrays. Using this mold, hyaluronan (HA)-based dMNs were fabricated and tested for maximal ovalbumin (OVA) content. dMNs could be fabricated with an OVA:HA ratio as high as 1:1 (w/w), without compromising their properties such as shape and penetration into the ex vivo human skin, even after storage at high humidity and temperature. High antigen loading did not induce protein aggregation during dMN fabrication as demonstrated by complementary analytical methods. However, the dissolution rate in ex vivo human skin decreased with increasing antigen loading. About 2.7 µg OVA could be delivered in mice by using a single array with an OVA:HA ratio of 1:3 (w/w). Intradermal vaccination with dMNs induced an immune response similar as subcutaneous injection and faster than after hollow microneedle injection. In conclusion, results suggest that (i) the polydimethylsiloxane mold design has an impact on the manufacturing of dMNs, (ii) the increase in antigen loading in dMNs affects the microneedle dissolution and (iii) dMNs are a valid alternative for vaccine administration over conventional injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Leone
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein I Priester
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Romeijn
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M Reza Nejadnik
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Juha Mönkäre
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Conor O'Mahony
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gideon Kersten
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Joke A Bouwstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 2300, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands.
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22
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Lim J, Tahk D, Yu J, Min DH, Jeon NL. Design rules for a tunable merged-tip microneedle. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2018; 4:29. [PMID: 31057917 PMCID: PMC6220166 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-018-0028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This publication proposes the use of an elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly for fabricating a microscale merged-tip structure out of a variety of biocompatible UV-curable polymers for use as a microneedle platform. In addition, the novel merged-tip microstructure constitutes a new class of microneedles, which incorporates the convergence of biocompatible polymer micropillars, leading to the formation of a sharp tip and an open cavity capable of both liquid trapping and volume control. When combined with biocompatible photopolymer micropillar arrays fabricated with photolithography, elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly provides a means for producing a complex microneedle-like structure without the use of micromolding or micromachining. This publication also explores and defines the design rules by which several fabrication aspects, such as micropillar dimensions, shapes, pattern array configurations, and materials, can be manipulated to produce a customizable microneedle array with controllable cavity volumes, fracture points, and merge profiles. In addition, the incorporation of a modular through-hole micropore membrane base was also investigated as a method for constitutive payload delivery and fluid-sampling functionalities. The flexibility and fabrication simplicity of the merged-tip microneedle platform holds promise in transdermal drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Lim
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Division of WCU Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Dongha Tahk
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Division of WCU Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - James Yu
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Dal-Hee Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Division of WCU Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
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23
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Abstract
Vaccine delivery to the skin using conventional needles is associated with needle-stick injuries and needle-phobia, which are all major obstacles to vaccination. The development of microneedles has enabled to overcome these limitations and as a result viral, DNA and bacterial vaccines have been studied for the delivery into the skin. Research has shown the superiority of microneedle vaccination over conventional needles in terms of immunogenicity, vaccine stability and dose-sparing abilities in animals and humans. Additional research on improving vaccine stability and delivering vaccines to other areas of the body besides the skin is ongoing as well. Thus, this review paper describes current advances in microneedles as a delivery system for vaccines as well as future perspectives for this research field.
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24
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Sanjay ST, Zhou W, Dou M, Tavakoli H, Ma L, Xu F, Li X. Recent advances of controlled drug delivery using microfluidic platforms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 128:3-28. [PMID: 28919029 PMCID: PMC5854505 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Conventional systematically-administered drugs distribute evenly throughout the body, get degraded and excreted rapidly while crossing many biological barriers, leaving minimum amounts of the drugs at pathological sites. Controlled drug delivery aims to deliver drugs to the target sites at desired rates and time, thus enhancing the drug efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability while maintaining minimal side effects. Due to a number of unique advantages of the recent microfluidic lab-on-a-chip technology, microfluidic lab-on-a-chip has provided unprecedented opportunities for controlled drug delivery. Drugs can be efficiently delivered to the target sites at desired rates in a well-controlled manner by microfluidic platforms via integration, implantation, localization, automation, and precise control of various microdevice parameters. These features accordingly make reproducible, on-demand, and tunable drug delivery become feasible. On-demand self-tuning dynamic drug delivery systems have shown great potential for personalized drug delivery. This review presents an overview of recent advances in controlled drug delivery using microfluidic platforms. The review first briefly introduces microfabrication techniques of microfluidic platforms, followed by detailed descriptions of numerous microfluidic drug delivery systems that have significantly advanced the field of controlled drug delivery. Those microfluidic systems can be separated into four major categories, namely drug carrier-free micro-reservoir-based drug delivery systems, highly integrated carrier-free microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems, drug carrier-integrated microfluidic systems, and microneedles. Microneedles can be further categorized into five different types, i.e. solid, porous, hollow, coated, and biodegradable microneedles, for controlled transdermal drug delivery. At the end, we discuss current limitations and future prospects of microfluidic platforms for controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma T. Sanjay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Wan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Maowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
| | - Hamed Tavakoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - XiuJun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
- Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
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25
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Lee H, Song C, Baik S, Kim D, Hyeon T, Kim DH. Device-assisted transdermal drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 127:35-45. [PMID: 28867296 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery is a prospective drug delivery strategy to complement the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems including oral and injectable methods. This delivery route allows both convenient and painless drug delivery and a sustained release profile with reduced side effects. However, physiological barriers in the skin undermine the delivery efficiency of conventional patches, limiting drug candidates to small-molecules and lipophilic drugs. Recently, transdermal drug delivery technology has advanced from unsophisticated methods simply relying on natural diffusion to drug releasing systems that dynamically respond to external stimuli. Furthermore, physical barriers in the skin have been overcome using microneedles, and controlled delivery by wearable biosensors has been enabled ultimately. In this review, we classify the evolution of advanced drug delivery strategies based on generations and provide a comprehensive overview. Finally, the recent progress in advanced diagnosis and therapy through customized drug delivery systems based on real-time analysis of physiological cues is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjae Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeong Song
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Baik
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Yin Z, Kuang D, Wang S, Zheng Z, Yadavalli VK, Lu S. Swellable silk fibroin microneedles for transdermal drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Chen MC, Lai KY, Ling MH, Lin CW. Enhancing immunogenicity of antigens through sustained intradermal delivery using chitosan microneedles with a patch-dissolvable design. Acta Biomater 2018; 65:66-75. [PMID: 29109028 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reducing the dosage required for vaccination is highly desirable, particularly in cases of epidemic emergencies. This study evaluated the potential of a chitosan microneedle (MN) system with a patch-dissolvable design for low-dose immunization. This system comprises antigen-loaded chitosan MNs and a hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinyl pyrrolidone supporting array patch, which provides extra strength to achieve complete MN insertion and then quickly dissolves in the skin to reduce patch-induced skin irritation. After insertion, MNs could be directly implanted in the dermal layer as an intradermal (ID) depot to allow a sustained release of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) for up to 28 days. We found that rats immunized with MNs containing low-dose OVA (approximately 200 μg) had persistently high antibody levels for 18 weeks, which were significantly higher than those observed after an intramuscular injection of full-dose OVA (approximately 500 μg), demonstrating at least 2.5-fold dose sparing. Moreover, OVA-encapsulated chitosan MNs had superior immunogenicity to OVA plus chitosan solution, indicating that MN-based delivery and prolonged skin exposure can further enhance chitosan's adjuvanticity. Therefore, this patch-dissolvable MN system offers a needle-free, accurate, and reliable ID delivery of antigens and has potential as a sustained ID delivery device to improve vaccine efficacy and facilitate dose sparing with existing vaccines. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This study developed implantable chitosan microneedles (MNs) with a patch-dissolvable design for the sustained intradermal (ID) delivery of antigens and demonstrated their antigen dose-sparing potential. We found that rats immunized with chitosan MNs containing low-dose OVA had persistently high antibody levels for 18 weeks, which were significantly higher than those observed after an intramuscular injection of full-dose OVA, demonstrating at least 2.5-fold dose sparing. Our results indicate that chitosan MNs can not only serve as an efficient vaccine delivery system but also exert their promising adjuvant activity by forming an ID depot for prolonged antigen exposure and activating dendritic cells for promoting immune responses.
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Lee H, Park JH, Park JH. Administration of a Sol-Gel Formulation of Phenylephrine Using Low-Temperature Hollow Microneedle for Treatment of Intermittent Fecal Incontinence. Pharm Res 2017; 34:2809-2816. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Du G, Hathout RM, Nasr M, Nejadnik MR, Tu J, Koning RI, Koster AJ, Slütter B, Kros A, Jiskoot W, Bouwstra JA, Mönkäre J. Intradermal vaccination with hollow microneedles: A comparative study of various protein antigen and adjuvant encapsulated nanoparticles. J Control Release 2017; 266:109-118. [PMID: 28943194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential of intradermal delivery of nanoparticulate vaccines to modulate the immune response of protein antigen using hollow microneedles. Four types of nanoparticles covering a broad range of physiochemical parameters, namely poly (lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) nanoparticles, liposomes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) were compared. The developed nanoparticles were loaded with a model antigen (ovalbumin (OVA)) with and without an adjuvant (poly(I:C)), followed by the characterization of size, zeta potential, morphology, and loading and release of antigen and adjuvant. An in-house developed hollow-microneedle applicator was used to inject nanoparticle suspensions precisely into murine skin at a depth of about 120μm. OVA/poly(I:C)-loaded nanoparticles and OVA/poly(I:C) solution elicited similarly strong total IgG and IgG1 responses. However, the co-encapsulation of OVA and poly(I:C) in nanoparticles significantly increased the IgG2a response compared to OVA/poly(I:C) solution. PLGA nanoparticles and liposomes induced stronger IgG2a responses than MSNs and GNPs, correlating with sustained release of the antigen and adjuvant and a smaller nanoparticle size. When examining cellular responses, the highest CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses were induced by OVA/poly(I:C)-loaded liposomes. In conclusion, the applicator controlled hollow microneedle delivery is an excellent method for intradermal injection of nanoparticle vaccines, allowing selection of optimal nanoparticle formulations for humoral and cellular immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsheng Du
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rania M Hathout
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Reza Nejadnik
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Tu
- Department of Supramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roman I Koning
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham J Koster
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Slütter
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Division of Biopharmaceutics, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Department of Supramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joke A Bouwstra
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Juha Mönkäre
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Hollow microneedle-mediated intradermal delivery of model vaccine antigen-loaded PLGA nanoparticles elicits protective T cell-mediated immunity to an intracellular bacterium. J Control Release 2017; 266:27-35. [PMID: 28917531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The skin is an attractive organ for immunization due to the presence of a large number of epidermal and dermal antigen-presenting cells. Hollow microneedles allow for precise and non-invasive intradermal delivery of vaccines. In this study, ovalbumin (OVA)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles with and without TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) were prepared and administered intradermally by hollow microneedles. The capacity of the PLGA nanoparticles to induce a cytotoxic T cell response, contributing to protection against intracellular pathogens, was examined. We show that a single injection of OVA-loaded PLGA nanoparticles, compared to soluble OVA, primed both adoptively transferred antigen-specific naïve transgenic CD8+ and CD4+ T cells with markedly high efficiency. Applying a triple immunization protocol, PLGA nanoparticles primed also endogenous OVA-specific CD8+ T cells. Immune response, following immunization with in particular anionic PLGA nanoparticles co-encapsulated with OVA and poly(I:C), provided protection against a recombinant strain of the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, secreting OVA. Taken together, we show that PLGA nanoparticle formulation is an excellent delivery system for protein antigen into the skin and that protective cellular immune responses can be induced using hollow microneedles for intradermal immunizations.
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Schipper P, van der Maaden K, Groeneveld V, Ruigrok M, Romeijn S, Uleman S, Oomens C, Kersten G, Jiskoot W, Bouwstra J. Diphtheria toxoid and N -trimethyl chitosan layer-by-layer coated pH-sensitive microneedles induce potent immune responses upon dermal vaccination in mice. J Control Release 2017; 262:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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