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Jangra S, Gulia H, Singh J, Dang AS, Giri SK, Singh G, Priya K, Kumar A. Chemical leukoderma: An insight of pathophysiology and contributing factors. Toxicol Ind Health 2024; 40:479-495. [PMID: 38814634 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241257273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Chemical leukoderma, or chemical-based vitiligo, is a dermal disease triggered by exposure to chemicals and characterized by the emergence of depigmentation or hypopigmentation of the skin. The etiology of this condition is associated with exposure to various chemical substances present in both occupational and non-occupational settings. The precise mechanism that underlies chemical leukoderma remains elusive and is believed to result from the demise of melanocytes, which are responsible for producing skin pigments. This condition has gained particular prominence in developing countries like India. An interesting connection between chemical leukoderma and vitiligo has been identified; studies suggest that exposure to many household chemicals, which are derivatives of phenols and catechol, may serve as a primary etiological factor for the condition. Similar to autoimmune diseases, its pathogenesis involves contributions from both genetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, over the last few decades, various studies have demonstrated that exposure to chemicals plays a crucial role in initiating and progressing chemical leukoderma, including cases stemming from occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soniya Jangra
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Heena Gulia
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Jagphool Singh
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Amita S Dang
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Shiv K Giri
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Solan, India
| | - Gulab Singh
- Department of Bioscience, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University, Lakshmangarh, India
| | - Kanu Priya
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Sevastre-Berghian AC, Ielciu I, Bab T, Olah NK, Neculicioiu VS, Toma VA, Sevastre B, Mocan T, Hanganu D, Bodoki AE, Roman I, Lucaciu RL, Hangan AC, Hașaș AD, Decea RM, Băldea I. Betula pendula Leaf Extract Targets the Interplay between Brain Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and NFkB Pathways in Amyloid Aβ 1-42-Treated Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2110. [PMID: 38136229 PMCID: PMC10740548 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known as the primary and most common cause of dementia in the middle-aged and elderly population worldwide. Chemical analyses of B. pendula leaf extract (BPE), performed using spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods (LC/MS), revealed high amounts of polyphenol carboxylic acids (gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, trans-p-coumaric, ferulic, and salicylic acids), as well as flavonoids (apigenin, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, naringenin, hyperoside, quercetin, and quercitrin). Four groups of Wistar rats were used in this experiment (n = 7/group): control (untreated), Aβ1-42 (2 μg/rat intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.), Aβ1-42 + BPE (200 mg/Kg b.w.), and DMSO (10 μL/rat). On the first day, one dose of Aβ1-42 was intracerebroventricularly administered to animals in groups 2 and 3. Subsequently, BPE was orally administered for the next 15 days to group 3. On the 16th day, behavioral tests were performed. Biomarkers of brain oxidative stress Malondialdehyde (MDA), (Peroxidase (PRx), Catalase (CAT), and Superoxid dismutase (SOD) and inflammation (cytokines: tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α), Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX 2)) in plasma and hippocampus homogenates were assessed. Various protein expressions (Phospho-Tau (Ser404) (pTau Ser 404), Phospho-Tau (Ser396) (pTau Ser 396), synaptophysin, and the Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) signaling pathway) were analyzed using Western blot and immunohistochemistry in the hippocampus. The results show that BPE diminished lipid peroxidation and neuroinflammation, modulated specific protein expression, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, and improved spontaneous alternation behavior, suggesting that it has beneficial effects in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Cristina Sevastre-Berghian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
| | - Irina Ielciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Timea Bab
- PlantExtrakt Ltd., Rădaia, 407059 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (T.B.); (N.-K.O.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Neli-Kinga Olah
- PlantExtrakt Ltd., Rădaia, 407059 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (T.B.); (N.-K.O.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Vasile Goldiş” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Vlad Sever Neculicioiu
- Department of Microbiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Alexandru Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Babes-Bolyai University, 400371 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Sevastre
- Department of Clinical and Paraclinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.S.); (A.-D.H.)
| | - Teodora Mocan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Andreea Elena Bodoki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.B.); (A.C.H.)
| | - Ioana Roman
- Department of Experimental Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Research, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Roxana Liana Lucaciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana Corina Hangan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.B.); (A.C.H.)
| | - Alina-Diana Hașaș
- Department of Clinical and Paraclinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.S.); (A.-D.H.)
| | - Roxana Maria Decea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
| | - Ioana Băldea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.S.-B.); (T.M.); (R.M.D.); (I.B.)
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David L, Morosan V, Moldovan B, Filip GA, Baldea I. Goji-Berry-Mediated Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Promising Effect on Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Experimental Hyperglycemia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1489. [PMID: 37627484 PMCID: PMC10451488 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present report focuses on a rapid and convenient method applicable in the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using goji berry (Lycium barbarum-LB) extracts rich in antioxidant compounds, as well as on the structural analysis and evaluation of the induced antioxidant protection and anti-inflammatory effects of the synthesized gold nanoparticles upon endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to hyperglycemia. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), whereas the presence of bioactive compounds from the L. barbarum fruit extract on the surface of the nanoparticles was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antioxidant activity of the biosynthesized gold nanoparticles was evaluated on the HUVEC cell line. The results reveal that AuNPs with a predominantly spherical shape and an average size of 30 nm were obtained. The UV-Vis spectrum showed a characteristic absorption band at λmax = 536 nm of AuNPs. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids and carotenoids acting as capping and stabilizing agents of AuNPs. Both the L. barbarum extract and AuNPs were well tolerated by HUVECs, increased the antioxidant defense and decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines induced via hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita David
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babeş-Bolyai” University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.D.); (V.M.)
| | - Valentina Morosan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babeş-Bolyai” University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.D.); (V.M.)
| | - Bianca Moldovan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babeş-Bolyai” University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.D.); (V.M.)
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.A.F.); (I.B.)
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.A.F.); (I.B.)
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Kim M, Lim KM. Melanocytotoxic chemicals and their toxic mechanisms. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:417-435. [PMID: 36277364 PMCID: PMC9532501 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-022-00144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanocyte cell death can lead to various melanocyte-related skin diseases including vitiligo and leukoderma. Melanocytotoxic chemicals are one of the most well-known causes of nongenetic melanocyte-related diseases, which induce melanocyte cell death through apoptosis. Various chemicals used in cosmetics, medicine, industry and food additives are known to induce melanocyte cell death, which poses a significant risk to the health of consumers and industrial workers. This review summarizes recently reported melanocytotoxic chemicals and their mechanisms of toxicity in an effort to provide insight into the development of safer chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
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Vitamin A in Skin and Hair: An Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142952. [PMID: 35889909 PMCID: PMC9324272 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble micronutrient necessary for the growth of healthy skin and hair. However, both too little and too much vitamin A has deleterious effects. Retinoic acid and retinal are the main active metabolites of vitamin A. Retinoic acid dose-dependently regulates hair follicle stem cells, influencing the functioning of the hair cycle, wound healing, and melanocyte stem cells. Retinoic acid also influences melanocyte differentiation and proliferation in a dose-dependent and temporal manner. Levels of retinoids decline when exposed to ultraviolet irradiation in the skin. Retinal is necessary for the phototransduction cascade that initiates melanogenesis but the source of that retinal is currently unknown. This review discusses new research on retinoids and their effects on the skin and hair.
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Paim TDP, Alves dos Santos C, Faria DAD, Paiva SR, McManus C. Genomic selection signatures in Brazilian sheep breeds reared in a tropical environment. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Tiboc Schnell CN, Filip GA, Decea N, Moldovan R, Opris R, Man SC, Moldovan B, David L, Tabaran F, Olteanu D, Gheldiu AM, Baldea I. The impact of Sambucus nigra L. extract on inflammation, oxidative stress and tissue remodeling in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced subacute rhinosinusitis. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:753-769. [PMID: 33881685 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rhinosinusitis is a common disorder related to inflammation of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity mucosa. Herbal medicines could be an option in the treatment of rhinosinusitis due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. The study aims to investigate the effect of intranasal Sambucus nigra L. subsp. nigra (SN) extract against inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue remodeling in nasal and sinus mucosa, but also in serum, lungs, and brain, in Wistar rat model of subacute sinonasal inflammation induced by local administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from Escherichia Coli. The cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde) in nasal mucosa, blood, lungs, and brain were analyzed. In addition, a histopathological examination was performed, and NF-kB, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1 expressions were also evaluated in nasal mucosa. Both doses of LPS increased the production of cytokines in all the investigated tissues, especially in the nasal mucosa and blood (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05), and stimulated their secretion in the lungs, and partially in the brain. Malondialdehyde increased in all the investigated tissues (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). In parallel, upregulation of NF-kB and MMP2 expressions with downregulation of TIMP1, particularly at high dose of LPS, was observed. SN extract reduced the local inflammatory response, maintained low levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. In lungs, SN reduced all cytokines levels while in the brain, the protective effect was noticed only on IL-6. Additionally, SN diminished lipid peroxidation and downregulated NF-kB in animals exposed to a low dose of LPS, with increased TIMP1 expression, while in animals treated with a high dose of LPS, SN increased NF-kB, MMP2, and MMP9 levels. In conclusion, SN extract diminished the inflammatory response, reduced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, influenced MMPs expressions, suggesting the benficial effect of SN extract on tissue remodeling in subacute rhinosinusitis and on systemic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Tiboc Schnell
- Department of Pediatrics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor Street, No. 1-3, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - N Decea
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor Street, No. 1-3, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - R Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor Street, No. 1-3, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - R Opris
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor Street, No. 1-3, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - S C Man
- Department of Pediatrics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - B Moldovan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, "Babes-Bolyai" University, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - L David
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, "Babes-Bolyai" University, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - F Tabaran
- Department of Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400035, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - D Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor Street, No. 1-3, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A M Gheldiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - I Baldea
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor Street, No. 1-3, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sevastre-Berghian AC, Ielciu I, Mitre AO, Filip GA, Oniga I, Vlase L, Benedec D, Gheldiu AM, Toma VA, Mihart B, Mihuţ A, Bâldea I, Olteanu D, Chis IC, Clichici SV, Hanganu D. Targeting Oxidative Stress Reduction and Inhibition of HDAC1, MECP2, and NF-kB Pathways in Rats With Experimentally Induced Hyperglycemia by Administration of Thymus marshallianus Willd. Extracts. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:581470. [PMID: 33071792 PMCID: PMC7538623 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.581470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of two lyophilized extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Thymus marschallianus Willd. and harvested from wild flora (TMW) and obtained from culture (TMC) were evaluated in Wistar rats with experimentally induced hyperglycemia. The hyperglycemia was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) administration and the obtained results were evaluated in comparison for TMW and TMC. The polyphenolic composition of extracts was evaluated by spectrophotometrical and LC-MS methods. In vitro antioxidant capacity assays (DPPH, FRAP, EPR) were performed in order to preliminary establish the ability of tested samples to protect against free radical induced damage. Afterwards, the effects of these extracts were assessed in vivo on rats with experimental-induced hyperglycemia. Oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g. malondialdehyde-MDA), phosphorylated transcription factor subunit of nuclear kappaB (NF-kB) p65, methyl CpG binding protein (MECP) 2 and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) expressions in hippocampus and frontal lobe were assessed. Open Field Test (OFT) and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) were conducted on tested animals. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and HDAC1and MeCP2 expressions increased significantly in hippocampus (p<0.05) and frontal lobe (p<0.001) of diabetes group compared to the control group in parallel with decreasing of GSH/GSSG ratio. TMW and TMC administration reduced blood glucose levels and diminished lipid peroxidation, HDAC1 expression and enhanced antioxidant capacity in frontal lobe. TMW improved central locomotion of rats, increased phospho-NFkB p65 and diminished MECP2 expressions in hippocampus. Both tested samples exerted a beneficial effect by increasing the antioxidant defense. Our findings indicate that the administration of these extracts might represent a good option in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C. Sevastre-Berghian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Ielciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Otto Mitre
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela A. Filip
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ilioara Oniga
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Benedec
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Gheldiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad A. Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Biology, Institute of Biological Research, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Molecular and Biomolecular Physics, NIRD for Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Mihart
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andra Mihuţ
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Bâldea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina C. Chis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona V. Clichici
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Adetula AA, Liu X, Yang L, Fang C, Yu H, Li H, Li S. RAI14 in the blood feather regulates chicken pigmentation. Arch Anim Breed 2020; 63:231-239. [PMID: 34084896 PMCID: PMC8161265 DOI: 10.5194/aab-63-231-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on a resource
family consisting of white and colored chickens for identification of genes
related to plumage coloration using the Fixed and random model Circulating
Probability Unification (FarmCPU) package. GWAS identified three chromosomal
single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), demonstrating the polygenic basis of
plumage phenotypes. Herein, retinoic acid-induced protein 14 (RAI14), a developmentally
regulated gene that encodes a protein containing many ankyrin repeats, was
identified as a candidate gene involved in plumage color. In this study,
mRNA expression profiles of chicken RAI14 were determined, indel (insertion–deletion) variants were
identified, and their association was analyzed in white and colored
chickens. RA114 mRNA was expressed in all tissues tested (brain, spleen, liver,
heart, oviduct, kidney, lung, pituitary gland, ovary, muscle, feather bulb,
and skin). A relatively high RAI14 expression in white feather bulb compared to
colored feather bulb (P<0.01) indicated a potential association with plumage
color. Additionally, statistical analysis revealed that a 4 bp indel genetic
variation in RAI14 was associated with plumage phenotypes (P<0.01).
Together, our analysis of the identification of the RAI14 gene will enable us to
understand the genetic mechanisms behind chicken pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyinka Abiola Adetula
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomic Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liubin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengchi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Yu
- College of Life Science, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Life Science, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Laszló IP, Laszló MR, Toma V, Baldea I, Olteanu D, David L, Moldovan B, Ion RM, Moldovan R, Filip GA, Kacso G, Cainap C, Clichici S, Muresan A. The in vivo modulatory effects of Cornus mas extract on photodynamic therapy in experimental tumors. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101656. [PMID: 31926344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Martin F, Pop M, Kacso I, Grosu IG, Miclăuş M, Vodnar D, Lung I, Filip GA, Olteanu ED, Moldovan R, Nagy A, Filip X, Bâldea I. Ketoconazole- p-aminobenzoic Acid Cocrystal: Revival of an Old Drug by Crystal Engineering. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:919-932. [PMID: 31986050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The 1:1 cocrystal of the antifungal agent ketoconazole with p-aminobenzoic acid was successfully crystallized and systematically characterized by a physical and pharmacological point of view. Crystal structure determination confirmed the cocrystal identity, giving full insight in its crystal packing and degree of disorder. Powder dissolution measurements revealed a 10-fold aqueous solubility increase that induces a 6.7-fold oral bioavailability improvement compared to ketoconazole. In vitro cell assays showed a good toxicity profile of the cocrystal with lower oxidative stress and inflammation and enhanced antifungal activity against several Candida species. The in vivo study of the cocrystal indicated similar pharmacokinetic profiles and liver toxicity with increased transaminases, as reported for ketoconazole. Notably, besides minor signs of inflammation, no morphological changes in liver parenchyma or signs of fibrosis and necrosis were detected. The enhanced solubility and oral bioavailability of the cocrystal over ketoconazole, together with the improved antifungal activity and good in vitro/in vivo toxicity, indicate its potential use as an alternative antifungal agent to the parent drug. Our results bring evidence of cocrystallization as a successful approach for bioavailability improvement of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Martin
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Pop
- TeraCrystal, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Kacso
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Georgeta Grosu
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Miclăuş
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ildiko Lung
- Physics of Nanostructured Systems, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andras Nagy
- Department of Toxicology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Xenia Filip
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Bâldea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Flexural strength, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity of a polymethyl methacrylate denture resin enhanced with graphene and silver nanoparticles. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2713-2725. [PMID: 31734793 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study evaluates the effect of adding graphene-Ag nanoparticles (G-AgNp) to a PMMA auto-polymerizing resin, with focus on antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, monomer release, and mechanical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Auto-polymerizing acrylic resin (M) was loaded with 1 wt% G-AgNp (P1) and 2 wt% G-AgNp (P2). Methyl methacrylate monomer release (MMA) was measured after immersion of the samples in chloroform and cell medium respectively. Cell viability was assessed on dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK) and dental pulp stem cells. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response following exposure of dysplastic oral keratinocytes to the experimental resins was evaluated. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli and also flexural strength of the resins were assessed. RESULTS Residual monomer: For samples immersed in chloroform, MMA concentration reached high levels, 10.27 μg/g for sample P1; MMA increased at higher G-AgNp loading; 0.63 μg/g MMA was found in medium for P1, and less for sample P2. Cell viability: Both cell lines displayed a viability decrease, but remained above 75%, compared to controls, when exposed to undiluted samples. Inflammation: proinflammatory molecule TNF-α decreased when DOK cultures were exposed to G-AgNp samples. MDA levels indicated increased oxidative stress damage in cells treated with PMMA, confirmed by the antioxidant mechanism activation, while samples containing G-AgNp induced an antioxidant effect. All tested samples showed antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria. Samples containing G-AgNp also exhibited bactericide action on E. coli. Mechanical properties: both samples containing G-AgNp improved flexural strength compared to the sample resin, measured through elastic strength parameters. CONCLUSIONS PMMA resin loaded with G-AgNp presents promising antibacterial activity associated with minimal toxicity to human cells, in vitro, as well as improved flexural properties. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These encouraging results obtained in vitro support further in vivo investigation, to thoroughly check whether the PMMA loaded with graphene-silver nanoparticles constitute an improvement over current denture materials.
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A Novel Thiazolyl Schiff Base: Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects and In Vitro Oxidative Stress Modulation on Human Endothelial Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1607903. [PMID: 31687075 PMCID: PMC6811784 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1607903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Schiff bases (SBs) are chemical compounds displaying a significant pharmacological potential. They are able to modulate the activity of many enzymes involved in metabolism and are found among antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative drugs. A new thiazolyl-triazole SB was obtained and characterized by elemental and spectral analysis. The antibacterial and antifungal ability of the SB was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and against three Candida strains. SB showed good antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes and P. aeruginosa; it was two times more active than ciprofloxacin. Anti-Candida activity was twofold higher compared with that of fluconazole. The effect of the SB on cell viability was evaluated by colorimetric measurement on cell cultures exposed to various SB concentrations. The ability of the SB to modulate oxidative stress was assessed by measuring MDA, TNF-α, SOD1, COX2, and NOS2 levels in vitro, using human endothelial cell cultures exposed to a glucose-enriched medium. SB did not change the morphology of the cells. Experimental findings indicate that the newly synthetized Schiff base has antibacterial activity, especially on the Gram-negative P. aeruginosa, and antifungal activity. SB also showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Oliveira S, Costa J, Faria I, Guerreiro SG, Fernandes R. Vitamin A Enhances Macrophages Activity Against B16-F10 Malignant Melanocytes: A New Player for Cancer Immunotherapy? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E604. [PMID: 31540438 PMCID: PMC6780654 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The incidence of cutaneous melanoma has been increasing. Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer irresponsive to radiation and chemotherapy, rendering this cancer a disease with poor prognosis: In order to surpass some of the limitations addressed to melanoma treatment, alternatives like vitamins have been investigated. In the present study, we address this relationship and investigate the possible role of vitamin A. Materials and Methods: We perform a co-culture assay using a macrophage cell model and RAW 264.7 from mouse, and also a murine melanoma cell line B16-F10. Macrophages were stimulated with both Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as control, and also with LPS plus vitamin A. Results: Using B16-F10 and RAW 264.7 cell lines, we were able to demonstrate that low concentrations of vitamin A increase cytotoxic activity of macrophages, whereas higher concentrations have the opposite effect. Conclusion: These findings can constitute a new point of view related to immunostimulation by nutrients, which may be considered one major preventive strategy by enhancing the natural defense system of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Oliveira
- School of Health, Porto Polytechnic (ESS, P. Porto), 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José Costa
- School of Health, Porto Polytechnic (ESS, P. Porto), 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Faria
- School of Health, Porto Polytechnic (ESS, P. Porto), 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Susana G Guerreiro
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), Porto University, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Porto (FCNAUP), 4200 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- School of Health, Porto Polytechnic (ESS, P. Porto), 4200 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), Porto University, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
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Vitiligo Appearing after Oral Isotretinoin Therapy for Acne. Case Rep Dermatol Med 2018; 2018:3697260. [PMID: 30112221 PMCID: PMC6077457 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3697260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Isotretinoin is an effective treatment for severe and scarring acne. In this report, we describe a case developing vitiligo after isotretinoin therapy for scarring acne. It is not known whether this was a coincidence or might be precipitated by the treatment.
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Baldea I, Teacoe I, Olteanu DE, Vaida-Voievod C, Clichici A, Sirbu A, Filip GA, Clichici S. Effects of different hypoxia degrees on endothelial cell cultures-Time course study. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 172:45-50. [PMID: 29155057 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure of the endothelial cells to hypoxia, the decrease in oxygen supply can trigger an endothelial response. This response is involved in inflammatory diseases, tumorigenesis, and also with the micro vascular damage associated with aging. The aim of our study was to determine the hypoxia/re-oxygenation induced response in vitro, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultures, at different time points with focus on cell viability, apoptosis oxidative stress and angiogenesis stimulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were exposed to 10%, 5% or 0% O2 for 6h, 12h, and 24h. Viability was measured through colorimetry, apoptosis - annexin V-FITC staining, DNA lesions (γH2AX), endothelial activation (sICAM1), angiogenesis (HIF1α), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, superoxidismutase and NFκB activation) were determined by ELISA, Western Blot and spectrophotometry. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Hypoxia decreased viability, increased apoptosis, oxidative stress, endothelial activation and angiogenesis, depending on O2 concentration and time exposure. Short exposures to 5% and 10% O2, efficiently activated anti-apoptotic mechanisms through NFκB activation, HIF1α and γH2AX related DNA damage repair pathways. However, severe hypoxia and longer exposures to mild hypoxia induced high oxidative stress related damage and eventually led to apoptosis, through strong increases of HIF1α and accumulating DNA lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Baldea
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Teacoe
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Elena Olteanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Vaida-Voievod
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andra Clichici
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Sirbu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Simona Clichici
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Inhibition of retinoic acid receptor β signaling confers glycolytic dependence and sensitization to dichloroacetate in melanoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84210-84223. [PMID: 29137417 PMCID: PMC5663589 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of metabolism during melanoma progression is tightly associated with the acquisition of genetic and epigenetic alterations in regulators of metabolic pathways. Retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ) is epigenetically silenced in a large proportion of melanomas, but a link between RARβ and metabolic rewiring of melanoma has not been established. Here, we show that in primary human melanocytes, all-trans retinoic acid (a RARβ agonist) induced growth inhibition accompanied by a decrease in both glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, whereas selective inhibition of RARβ led to an increase in the basal glycolytic rate and increased sensitivity to inhibition of glycolysis. In melanoma cells, inhibition of RARβ promoted lower mitochondrial respiration and higher glycolytic activity, which led to energetic stress and activation of the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase. This metabolic shift increased the sensitivity to both glycolytic inhibition and stimulation of mitochondrial metabolism with dichloroacetate, an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. In melanoma cells harboring the BRAFV600E mutation, RARβ activation antagonized the effect of the BRAF inhibitor PLX4032 (vemurafenib). Collectively, these data suggest that RARβ signaling is involved in regulating cellular metabolism in melanoma and may provide a potential target in combination treatment strategies.
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Kawakami T, Ohgushi A, Hirobe T, Soma Y. Analysis of the effects of all-trans retinoic acid on human melanocytes and melanoblasts in vitro. J Dermatol 2017; 44:93-94. [PMID: 28052446 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamihiro Kawakami
- Department of Dermatology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Akiko Ohgushi
- Department of Dermatology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hirobe
- Department of Dermatology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Soma
- Department of Dermatology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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Tudor D, Nenu I, Filip GA, Olteanu D, Cenariu M, Tabaran F, Ion RM, Gligor L, Baldea I. Combined regimen of photodynamic therapy mediated by Gallium phthalocyanine chloride and Metformin enhances anti-melanoma efficacy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173241. [PMID: 28278159 PMCID: PMC5344368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma therapy is challenging, especially in advanced cases, due to multiple developed tumor defense mechanisms. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) might represent an adjuvant treatment, because of its bimodal action: tumor destruction and immune system awakening. In this study, a combination of PDT mediated by a metal substituted phthalocyanine-Gallium phthalocyanine chloride (GaPc) and Metformin was used against melanoma. The study aimed to: (1) find the anti-melanoma efficacy of GaPc-PDT, (2) assess possible beneficial effects of Metformin addition to PDT, (3) uncover some of the mechanisms underlining cell killing and anti-angiogenic effects. METHODS Two human lightly pigmented melanoma cell lines: WM35 and M1/15 subjected to previous Metformin exposure were treated by GaPc-PDT. Cell viability, death mechanism, cytoskeleton alterations, oxidative damage, were assessed by means of colorimetry, flowcytometry, confocal microscopy, spectrophotometry, ELISA, Western Blotting. RESULTS GaPc proved an efficient photosensitizer. Metformin addition enhanced cell killing by mechanisms dependent on the cell line, namely apoptosis in the metastatic M1/15 and necrosis in the radial growth phase, WM35. Cell death mechanism relied on the inhibition of nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB activation and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) sensitization, leading to TRAIL and TNF-α induced apoptosis. Metformin diminished the anti-angiogenic effect of PDT. CONCLUSIONS Metformin addition to GaPc-PDT increased tumor cell killing through enhanced oxidative damage and induction of proapoptotic mechanisms, but altered PDT anti-angiogenic effects. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Combination of Metformin and PDT might represent a solution to enhance the efficacy, leading to a potential adjuvant role of PDT in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Tudor
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iuliana Nenu
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Flaviu Tabaran
- Department of Pathology University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Mariana Ion
- Nanomedicine Research Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry - ICECHIM, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucian Gligor
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors, OSRAM Romania, Global City Business Park, Voluntari, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) contributes to control of melanogenesis in B16 F10 melanoma cells. Arch Dermatol Res 2017; 309:141-157. [PMID: 28084540 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-016-1711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies revealed the cooperation between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and α-MSH signaling, which results in enhanced melanogenesis in melanocytes and melanoma cells. However, the agonists of PPARα, such as fenofibrate, exert depigmenting effect. Therefore, we aimed to check how the PPARα expression level affects the antimelanogenic activity of fenofibrate and whether PPARα modulates melanogenesis independently of its agonist. To answer these questions, we used three B16 F10-derived cell lines, which varied in the PPARα expression level and were developed by stable transfection with plasmids driving shRNA-based PPARα silencing or overexpression of PPARα-emerald GFP fusion protein. Melanin contents were assessed with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy along with color component image analysis-a novel approach to pigment content characteristics in melanoma cells. B16 F10 wt and Ctrl shRNA lines showed intermediate pigmentation, whereas the pigmentation of the B16 F10-derived cell lines was inversely correlated with the PPARα expression level. We observed that cells overexpressing PPARα were almost amelanotic and cells with reduced PPARα protein level were heavily melanized. Furthermore, fenofibrate down-regulated the melanogenic apparatus (MITF, tyrosinase, and tyrosinase-related proteins) in the cells with the regular PPARα expression level resulting in their visibly lower total melanin content in all the cell lines. From these observations, we conclude that fenofibrate works as a strong depigmenting agent, which acts independently of PPARα, but in an additive fashion. Our results also indicate that alterations in PGC-1a acetylation and expression level might contribute to the regulation of melanogenesis by PPARα and fenofibrate.
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Melanogenesis and DNA damage following photodynamic therapy in melanoma with two meso-substituted porphyrins. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:402-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Baldea I, Olteanu DE, Filip AG, Cenariu M, Dudea D, Tofan A, Alb C, Moldovan M. Toxicity and efficiency study of plant extracts-based bleaching agents. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1315-1326. [PMID: 27324476 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tooth bleaching is one of the most required dental esthetic treatments. However, it can generate side effects like oral irritation, enamel alteration, tooth sensitivity, especially caused by hydrogen peroxide, the main bleaching component of the commercial products. Therefore, development of new tooth bleaching agents, based on natural products, with comparable esthetic results and lower side effects is needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological effects and bleaching efficacy of four experimental bleaching agents, derived from fruit juices, against the commercially available Opalescence (Ultradent, USA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Organic acid composition of the gels was characterized by HPLC. Bleaching efficiency was tested by spectrophotometry on composite restorative materials. Biological testing was done in vitro, on human fibroblasts. Cells were exposed to dilutions of the bleaching gel-conditioned medium. Viability was measured by MTS, apoptosis by FACS-AnnexinV FITC/Propidium iodide, NF-kB activation by western blot, malondyaldehide, and superoxide dismutase activity by spectrophotometry. RESULTS All gels exhibited physical stability and dental bleaching capabilities. Experimental gels induced significantly better viability and apoptosis rates, lower lipid peroxidation, and increased antioxidant defense, compared to Opalescence. CONCLUSIONS The studied experimental gel formulations exhibited a good safety profile in vitro, as well as bleaching efficiency on restorative composite materials. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data open new possibilities for the use of new natural products in dental bleaching treatments that can insure significant esthetic results and lower side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Elena Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Gabriela Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Dudea
- Department of Propedeutics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Tofan
- Department of Propedeutics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Camelia Alb
- Department of Propedeutics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Raluca Ripan Chemistry Research Institute, Department of Polymer Composites, Babes Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Baldea I, Olteanu DE, Bolfa P, Ion RM, Decea N, Cenariu M, Banciu M, Sesarman AV, Filip AG. Efficiency of photodynamic therapy on WM35 melanoma with synthetic porphyrins: Role of chemical structure, intracellular targeting and antioxidant defense. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 151:142-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Baldea I, Ion RM, Olteanu DE, Nenu I, Tudor D, Filip AG. Photodynamic therapy of melanoma using new, synthetic porphyrins and phthalocyanines as photosensitisers - a comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 88:175-80. [PMID: 26528068 PMCID: PMC4576792 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma, a cancer that arises from melanocytes, is one of the most unresponsive cancers to known therapies and has a tendency to produce early metastases. Several studies showed encouraging results of the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in melanoma, in different experimental settings in vitro and in vivo, as well as several clinical reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica-Mariana Ion
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Nanomedicine Research Group, Bucharest, Romania ; Materials Engineering Department, Valahia University, Targoviste, Romania
| | - Diana Elena Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iuliana Nenu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Tudor
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Gabriela Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Amann PM, Czaja K, Bazhin AV, R�hl R, Eichm�ller SB, Merk HF, Baron JM. LRAT Overexpression Diminishes Intracellular Levels of Biologically Active Retinoids and Reduces Retinoid Antitumor Efficacy in the Murine Melanoma B16F10 Cell Line. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 28:205-212. [DOI: 10.1159/000368806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sardana K, Ghunawat S. Rationale of using hypopigmenting drugs and their clinical application in melasma. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 8:123-34. [PMID: 25474082 DOI: 10.1586/17512433.2015.977255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Among the pigmentary disorders, melasma is the prototype disorder characterized by hyperpigmentation. Although, conventionally, triple combination creams are used, there is a need for alternatives to hydroquinone as the drug has restrictions on its widespread use. This needs an understanding of the steps involved in the melanogenesis and the drugs that inhibit the key steps. The data on in vitro inhibition need to be then translated into clinical in vivo results, before a rationale compounded fixed drug preparation is marketed that inhibits the major steps in the pigmentation pathway. There is also a need to look for drugs that are superior to hydroquinone, as only then will they have a meaningful clinical utility. For now, a few drugs like deoxyarbutin, ellagic acid, dioic acid, n-butylresorcinol and azelaic acid have such properties in clinical trials, while metformin is a recent addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir Sardana
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
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