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Villeda-González JD, Gómez-Olivares JL, Baiza-Gutman LA. New paradigms in the study of the cholinergic system and metabolic diseases: Acetyl-and-butyrylcholinesterase. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31274. [PMID: 38605655 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are enzymes that belong to the neuromuscular cholinergic system, their main function is to hydrolyze the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), through their hydrolysis these enzymes regulate the neuronal and neuromuscular cholinergic system. They have recently attracted considerable attention due to the discovery of new enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions. These discoveries have aroused the interest of numerous scientists, consolidating the relevance of this group of enzymes. Recent investigations have revealed a positive correlation between several risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the expression of cholinesterases (ChE's), which underscore the impact of high ChE's activity on the pro-inflammatory state associated with MetS. In addition, the excessive hydrolysis of ACh and other choline esters (succinylcholine, propionylcholine, butyrylcholine, etc.) by both ChE's results in the overproduction of fatty acid precursor metabolites, which facilitate the synthesis of very low-density lipoproteins and triacylglycerols. Participation in these processes may represent the link between ChE's and metabolic disorders. However, further scientific research is required to fully elucidate the involvement of ChE's in metabolic diseases. This review aims to collect recent research studies that contribute to understanding the association between the cholinergic system and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan David Villeda-González
- Estancia Posdoctoral CONAHCYT, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Luis Gómez-Olivares
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México City, México
| | - Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman
- Laboratorio en Biología del Desarrollo, Unidad de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, México
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Monserrat-Mesquida M, Bouzas C, García S, Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Mateos D, Ugarriza L, Gómez C, Sureda A, Tur JA. Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) Dietary Emissions Are Related to Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in Adult Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:5050. [PMID: 38140309 PMCID: PMC10745332 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a primary greenhouse gas (GHG) causing global temperature to rise. Unsustainable diets induce an increment in the risk of obesity and noncommunicable diseases but also contribute to the global GSG burden. OBJECTIVE To assess whether CO2 dietary emissions influence the inflammatory and oxidative status of subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS As part of the PREDIMED-Plus study, 100 adults (55-75 years old) from the Balearic Islands, Spain, were recruited and classified according to their dietary CO2 emissions. Anthropometric parameters were determined, fasting blood samples were collected and plasma, neutrophils, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained. Dietary inflammatory index (DII), adherence to a Mediterranean diet (ADM), fatty liver index (FLI), and estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) were calculated. Clinical biochemical parameters, blood count, and oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarker levels were also determined. RESULTS DII was higher in participants with high dietary CO2 emissions. Adherence to the MedDiet was inversely associated with CO2 emissions. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher in urine and plasma samples from subjects with high dietary CO2 emissions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by PBMCs was greater in participants with high CO2 emissions. Interleukin-15, resistin, and leptin plasma levels were increased in participants with high dietary CO2 emissions. CONCLUSION Dietary CO2 emissions influence oxidative status and inflammation in relation to the increased prooxidative and proinflammatory status in PBMCs and plasma. These biomarkers were useful for monitoring diet sustainability and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Silvia García
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - David Mateos
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- C.S. Camp Redó, IBSalut, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Gómez
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, 07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (S.G.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Alizadeh F, Mirzaie Bavil F, Keyhanmanesh R, Lotfi H, Ghiasi F. Association of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory proteins with atherosclerosis index in obese male subjects. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2023:hmbci-2022-0022. [PMID: 36592952 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Investigation the association of pro-inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β and IL- 10 expression, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), and ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 (ABCA1) inflammatory proteins with atherosclerosis index (homocysteine) in normal-weight and obese male subjects. METHODS 59 males including 30 obese (Body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2) and 29 normal-weight (BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) were joined to this study. Plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-10 (pg/mL), CRP (pg/mL), COX-2 (ng/mL), APOA1 (mg/dL), ABCA1 (ng/mL), HDL, Cholesterol, and Triglyceride (TG) (mg/dL), and homocysteine (µmol/L) was measured. Association of these biomarkers with homocysteine was determined. RESULTS Obese subjects had higher serum levels of IL10, IL1β, CRP, COX-2, TG, and cholesterol concentrations (all p<0.05 except IL-10 and cholesterol) and low levels of HDL, APOA1, and ABCA1 (non-significant differences) in comparison to normal-weight group. Homocysteine levels were high in obese men with no significant differences between the two groups. In obese subjects, homocysteine had a significant inverse correlation with APOA1, ABCA1, and HDL, and a strong and moderate positive correlation was found with CRP and TG levels, respectively. CONCLUSIONS High level of homocysteine and its correlation with inflammation proteins and markers in obese subjects appear to be contributed with atherosclerosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaie Bavil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajie Lotfi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghiasi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Belmadani S, Matrougui K. Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 in Cardiovascular Diseases. Inflammation 2022; 45:1864-1874. [PMID: 35386038 PMCID: PMC11145736 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous, highly conserved nuclear and cytosolic protein that has diverse biological roles depending on its cellular location and posttranslational modifications. The HMGB1 is localized in the nucleus but can be translocated to the cytoplasm to modulate the intracellular signaling and eventually secreted outside the cells. It is widely established that HMGB1 plays a key role in inflammation; however, the role of HMGB1 in the cardiovascular diseases is not well understood. In this review, we will discuss the latest reports on the pathophysiological link between HMGB1 and cardiovascular complications, with special emphasis on the inflammation. Thus, the understanding of the role of HMGB1 may provide new insights into developing new HMGB1-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Belmadani
- Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, Virginia, 23501, USA
| | - Khalid Matrougui
- Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, Virginia, 23501, USA.
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Rahimi GRM, Yousefabadi HA, Niyazi A, Rahimi NM, Alikhajeh Y. Effects of Lifestyle Intervention on Inflammatory Markers and Waist Circumference in Overweight/Obese Adults With Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Biol Res Nurs 2021; 24:94-105. [PMID: 34702086 DOI: 10.1177/10998004211044754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and an imbalanced diet could lead to some cardio metabolic risk factors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of lifestyle modification on inflammatory indicators and waist circumference (WC) in overweight/obese subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). DATA SOURCES A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. STUDY SELECTION The selection criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of lifestyle interventions on inflammation and WC from inception to 20 December 2020. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between interventions were computed using a random or fixed-effects model. RESULTS Six RCTs (including 1246 MS patients who had, on average, overweight/obesity) met all inclusion criteria. Interventions lasted 6 to 12 months (2-5 sessions per week). Lifestyle intervention significantly reduced C-reactive protein (WMD: -0.52 mg/ml, 95% CI: -0.72, -0.33), IL-6 (WMD: -0.50 pg/ml, 95% CI: -0.56, -0.45), and increased adiponectin (WMD: 0.81 µg/ml, 95% CI, 0.64, 0.98). Moreover, lifestyle modification significantly decreased WC (WMD: -3.12 cm, 95% CI, -4.61, -1.62). CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that lifestyle alterations, including physical activity and diet, can lead to significant improvement in abdominal obesity, measured by WC and some inflammation markers among overweight/obese individuals with MS. Further high-quality research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the effect of such interventions on this population's inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arghavan Niyazi
- Sanabad Institution of Higher Education Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Alikhajeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Oxidative Stress and Plasma Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults with Normal Weight, Overweight and Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050813. [PMID: 34065281 PMCID: PMC8161114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is an important pathology in public health worldwide. Obese patients are characterized by higher cardiovascular risk and a pro-inflammatory profile. Objective: To assess the oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and inflammatory biomarkers in plasma in adults with normal weight, overweight and obesity. Methods: One hundred and fifty adults (55-80-years-old; 60% women) from the Balearic Islands, Spain, were recruited and classified according to body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric measurements were carried out, fasting blood samples were collected and plasma and PBMCs were obtained. Biochemical parameters, hemogram, antioxidant enzyme activities and protein levels, reactive oxygen species production (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and cytokine (tumour necrosis factor, TNFα, and interleukin 6, IL-6) levels were measured. Results: Glycaemia, triglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were higher, and HDL-cholesterol was lower in obese patients. MDA and TNFα plasma levels were higher in the obese compared to normal-weight group, while the levels of IL-6 were higher in both obese and overweight subjects with respect to normal-weight peers. The activities of all antioxidant enzymes in PBMCs as well as the production ROS progressively increased with BMI. The protein levels of catalase in PBMCs were higher in obese and glutathione reductase in obese and overweight subjects compared to normal-weight peers. No other differences were observed. Conclusion: The current results show that overweight and obesity are related to an increase in pro-oxidant and proinflammatory status in plasma and PBMCs. The studied biomarkers may be useful for monitoring the progression/reversal of obesity.
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Ferland DJ, Mullick AE, Watts SW. Chemerin as a Driver of Hypertension: A Consideration. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:975-986. [PMID: 32453820 PMCID: PMC7759724 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein chemerin (tazarotene-induced gene, TIG2; RARRES2) is a relatively new adipokine. Many studies support that circulating chemerin levels associate strongly and positively with body mass index, visceral fat, and blood pressure. Here, we focus on the specific relationship of chemerin and blood pressure with the goal of understanding whether and how chemerin drives (pathological) changes in blood pressure such that it could be interfered with therapeutically. We dissect the biosynthesis of chemerin and how current antihypertensive medications change chemerin metabolism. This is followed with a review of what is known about where chemerin is synthesized in the body and what chemerin and its receptors can do to the physiological function of organs important to blood pressure determination (e.g., brain, heart, kidneys, blood vessels, adrenal, and sympathetic nervous system). We synthesize from the literature our best understanding of the mechanisms by which chemerin modifies blood pressure, with knowledge that plasma/serum levels of chemerin may be limited in their pathological relevance. This review reveals several gaps in our knowledge of chemerin biology that could be filled by the collective work of protein chemists, biologists, pharmacologists, and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Ferland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Adam E Mullick
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Luo G, Wang R, Zhou H, Liu X. ALDOA protects cardiomyocytes against H/R-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress by regulating the VEGF/Notch 1/Jagged 1 pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:775-783. [PMID: 33089381 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a myocardial necrosis disease caused by continuous ischemia and hypoxia. Abnormal expression of aldolase A (ALDOA) has been reported in cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure and other cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The present study aims to explore the effects of ALDOA on hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R)-induced oxidative stress, and investigate the underlying mechanisms. ALDOA was expressed at a low level in blood samples from MI patients and H/R-induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of ALDOA suppressed H/R-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Using co-immunoprecipitation and protein blots, we demonstrated that ALDOA modulates the Notch 1-Jagged 1 signalling pathway by upregulating VEGF. Taken together, our data reveal that ALDOA protects cardiomyocytes from H/R-induced oxidative stress through the VEGF/Notch 1/Jagged 1 axis, and should be investigated as a therapeutic target for the treatment of MI in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaiying Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an No 5 Hospital, No. 112 West Main Street, Lianhu District, Xi'an, 710082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Wang
- The Five Ward of Internal Medicine, Xi'an No 5 Hospital, Xi'an, 710082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- The Five Ward of Internal Medicine, Xi'an No 5 Hospital, Xi'an, 710082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an No 5 Hospital, No. 112 West Main Street, Lianhu District, Xi'an, 710082, Shaanxi, China.
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Antonioli L, Moriconi D, Masi S, Bottazzo D, Pellegrini C, Fornai M, Anselmino M, Ferrannini E, Blandizzi C, Taddei S, Nannipieri M. Differential Impact of Weight Loss and Glycemic Control on Inflammasome Signaling. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:609-615. [PMID: 32020775 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin (IL)-1β is involved in obesity-associated inflammation and in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus. Our aim was to correlate serum IL-1β and caspase-1 levels with weight loss, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance (IR) after bariatric surgery. METHODS A total of 32 patients with morbid obesity and T2D (Ob-T2D) and 29 patients with morbid obesity and normal glucose tolerance (Ob-NGT), treated by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, were studied before and 1 year after surgery. Sixteen healthy individuals served as a control (HC) group. IR was assessed by the oral glucose insulin sensitivity method. Plasma IL-1β levels and caspase-1 were measured. RESULTS Presurgery BMI was similar in Ob-NGT and Ob-T2D. IR was progressively impaired in Ob-NGT and Ob-T2D (P < 0.0001). Fasting plasma IL-1β and caspase-1 levels were lower in HCs than in patients with Ob-NGT or Ob-T2D (P < 0.02; P = 0.05), and both were inversely correlated with IR (P = 0.01; P = 0.02). After surgery, BMI decreased and IR improved to a similar extent in Ob-NGT and Ob-T2D (P < 0.0001). Plasma caspase-1 concentrations normalized in both groups (P < 0.0001), whereas plasma IL-1β levels normalized only in Ob-NGT. CONCLUSIONS Plasma IL-1β and caspase-1 levels were inversely correlated with IR. Caspase-1 levels normalized after weight loss, whereas IL-1β normalized only in people without T2D, suggesting the persistence of a systemic inflammatory condition in people with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Moriconi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dario Bottazzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Pellegrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Fornai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Anselmino
- Division of Bariatric Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- National Research Council Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Corrado Blandizzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Nannipieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Yuan X, Chen R, Ouyang Q, Lin X, Ai Z, Zhang Y, Yang X. Novel associations of serum adropin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein versus lipid profiles in childhood obesity. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:265-270. [PMID: 31953997 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The relationship between cytokines and lipid metabolism has garnered attention given their potential metabolic interaction. However, the relationship between adropin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and obesity-related inflammation has not been reported, as well as their relationship with serum lipid profiles. Objective This study analyzed the association of serum adropin, leptin, LBP levels and lipid profiles in obese children ranging from 5 to 14 years old. Methods Plasma lipid measurements included total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) by standard methods, and serum adropin, leptin and LBP levels was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results One hundred and twenty-four children (9.25 ± 1.59 years) with obesity and 42 controls (8.81 ± 1.94 years) were assessed. Compared with the control group, the serum adropin concentrations in the obesity group were significantly lower, whereas the serum leptin and LBP levels were significantly higher. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that serum adropin levels negatively correlated with TG, waist to hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI), and positively correlated with HDL-c. Serum LBP levels positively correlated with LDL-c and WHR. After adjusting for LBP, the correlation coefficients of adropin with TG, HDL-c and leptin were more robust. Also, after adjusting for serum LBP, the correlation coefficient of leptin with TG was attenuated, yet remained statistically significant, and the correlation coefficient of leptin with HDL-c was enhanced. Conclusions Children with obesity have decreased serum adropin levels and elevated leptin and LBP levels. Each of the three serum cytokines were associated with lipid metabolism, and this association warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, No. 145, 817 Middle Road, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Qian Ouyang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangquan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Ai
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Xavier-Santos D, Bedani R, Lima ED, Saad SMI. Impact of probiotics and prebiotics targeting metabolic syndrome. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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12
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Morais TC, Honorio-França AC, Fujimori M, de Quental OB, Pessoa RS, França EL, de Abreu LC. Melatonin Action on the Activity of Phagocytes from the Colostrum of Obese Women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55100625. [PMID: 31548499 PMCID: PMC6843511 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Breastfeeding promotion is an important public health strategy for counter-balancing the negative effects of maternal overweight and obesity. Colostrum contains melatonin, which can attenuate the impacts of excessive maternal weight and boost the infant’s immune system. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects of melatonin on mononuclear (MN) phagocytes from the colostrum of women with pre-gestational obesity. Materials and Methods: Colostrum samples were collected postpartum from 100 women at a public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The donors were divided into two groups: the control group and the high body mass index (BMI) group. Melatonin levels in the colostrum were determined by an ELISA Kit, and the functional activity of MN cells was assessed using the phagocytosis assay by flow cytometry, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular calcium, and apoptosis were assessed by fluorimetry using a microplate reader. Results: The colostrum of mothers with pre-gestational high BMI exhibited higher melatonin levels (p < 0.05) and lower phagocytosis (p < 0.05) and ROS release (p < 0.05). Superoxide release was similar between the normal and high BMI groups (p > 0.05). Intracellular calcium release and apoptosis were also higher in the high BMI group (p < 0.05). Melatonin levels likely increased the phagocytosis rate and reduced intracellular calcium release and the apoptosis index (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that melatonin is a possible mechanism for maternal–infant protection against obesity and restores the functional activity of colostrum phagocytes in obese mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassiane C Morais
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil.
| | - Adenilda C Honorio-França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, MT 78600-000, Brazil.
| | - Mahmi Fujimori
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, MT 78600-000, Brazil.
| | - Ocilma B de Quental
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil.
- Department of Nursing, Faculdade Santa Maria (FSM), Cajazeiras, PB 58900-000, Brazil.
| | - Rafael S Pessoa
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, MT 78600-000, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo L França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, MT 78600-000, Brazil.
| | - Luiz C de Abreu
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil.
- Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local da Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Vitória 29045-402, Brazil.
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
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13
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Awadallah S, Hasan H, Attlee A, Raigangar V, Unnikannan H, Madkour M, Abraham MS, Rashid LM. Waist circumference is a major determinant of oxidative stress in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2541-2547. [PMID: 31405674 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in pathogenic mechanisms associated with metabolic syndrome (Mets) yet the main component of Mets contributing most to OS is not well elucidated. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative-antioxidative status in Mets subjects and to determine the main predicting component of OS. METHODS Anthropometric measures, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes [catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl were assessed in 172 adult UAE residents. International Diabetes Federation criteria were used for Mets diagnosis. Mets Scores (0-5) were calculated and assigned per subject based on number of components. RESULTS Of all participants, 22.1% had Mets and 49.4% had large waist circumference (WC). Significant lower levels of catalase, SOD, GPx and GSH, and higher levels of MDA and protein carbonyl were observed in subjects with Mets. In addition, catalase, SOD, GPx, and GSH correlated negatively, while MDA and protein carbonyl correlated positively with almost all Mets components. Similar trend of correlations was noticed with Mets Scores. When adjusted for age and gender, linear regression analysis revealed that subjects with large WC demonstrated significantly lower levels of antioxidative enzymes and GSH, and higher levels of MDA and protein carbonyl. Consequently, WC emerged as the best predictor of OS. CONCLUSIONS The degree of OS is dependent on the Mets Scores, and WC contributes independently to increased OS among adults in UAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Awadallah
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hayder Hasan
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amita Attlee
- Nutrition and Health Department, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Veena Raigangar
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hema Unnikannan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Madkour
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mini Sara Abraham
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Latifa M Rashid
- Head of Nutrition Section, Ministry of Health and Prevention, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Reddy P, Lent-Schochet D, Ramakrishnan N, McLaughlin M, Jialal I. Metabolic syndrome is an inflammatory disorder: A conspiracy between adipose tissue and phagocytes. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 496:35-44. [PMID: 31229566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) describes a cluster of cardio-metabolic factors that predispose to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). While 35% of Americans suffer from this disorder, the specific pathways related to this disease are largely underexplored. The prevailing consensus is that inflammatory pathways contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease, and therefore new research has uncovered how inflammation plays a critical role in the development and progression of MetS. The purpose of this review is to understand the role of major inflammatory mechanisms and their role in MetS. Our review identifies that adipose tissue (AT) contributes to the inflammatory pathways through the release of pro-inflammatory adipokines such as leptin and chemerin and dysregulation of anti-inflammatory adiponectin. Chemokines and cytokines deriving from monocytes are also altered and promote inflammation and insulin resistance. Circulating inflammatory biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, Serum amyloid A (SAA), cytokines, and chemokines have also been linked to the pathogenesis of MetS. Researchers have identified the significance of CRP levels in predicting future sequelae of MetS such as ASCVD. Mast cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) promote both inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, both AT and phagocyte activity define MetS as an inflammatory disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Reddy
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | | | - Neeraj Ramakrishnan
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Matthew McLaughlin
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Ishwarlal Jialal
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; VA Medical Center, Mather, CA 95757, USA.
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15
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Skuratovskaia D, Litvinova L, Vulf M, Zatolokin P, Popadin K, Mazunin I. From Normal to Obesity and Back: The Associations between Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Gender, and Body Mass Index. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050430. [PMID: 31075887 PMCID: PMC6562937 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes core subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes and, as a result of intricate regulatory crosstalk between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, the total number of mtDNA copies fits the requirements of each cell type. Deviations from the physiological number of mtDNA copies are expected to be deleterious and might cause some inherited diseases and normal ageing. We studied 46 obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) one year after a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The results were compared with normal-weight patients without T2DM (control group 1) (body mass index (BMI) = 22.5 ± 3.01 kg/m2) and patients with obesity without T2DM (control group 2) (BMI = 36 ± 3.45 kg/m2). We detected an increase of mtDNA copy number in the cells of the buffy coat obtained from peripheral blood, sampled one year after bariatric surgery. We also found that average mtDNA copy number as well as its dynamics (before and after the surgery) are gender-specific. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence for the restoration of mtDNA copy number in obese patients after LSG and RYGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Skuratovskaia
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Maria Vulf
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Pavel Zatolokin
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
- Department of Reconstructive and Endoscopic Surgery, Kaliningrad Regional Hospital, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Konstantin Popadin
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236040, Russia.
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ilia Mazunin
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
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16
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Raspberry ketone and Garcinia Cambogia rebalanced disrupted insulin resistance and leptin signaling in rats fed high fat fructose diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 110:500-509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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17
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Jakubczyk A, Świeca M, Gawlik-Dziki U, Dziki D. Nutritional potential and inhibitory activity of bread fortified with green coffee beans against enzymes involved in metabolic syndrome pathogenesis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Talbert EE, Lewis HL, Farren MR, Ramsey ML, Chakedis JM, Rajasekera P, Haverick E, Sarna A, Bloomston M, Pawlik TM, Zimmers TA, Lesinski GB, Hart PA, Dillhoff ME, Schmidt CR, Guttridge DC. Circulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is associated with cachexia in treatment-naïve pancreatic cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:358-368. [PMID: 29316343 PMCID: PMC5879958 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated wasting, termed cancer cachexia, has a profound effect on the morbidity and mortality of cancer patients but remains difficult to recognize and diagnose. While increases in circulating levels of a number of inflammatory cytokines have been associated with cancer cachexia, these associations were generally made in patients with advanced disease and thus may be associated with disease progression rather than directly with the cachexia syndrome. Thus, we sought to assess potential biomarkers of cancer-induced cachexia in patients with earlier stages of disease. METHODS A custom multiplex array was used to measure circulating levels of 25 soluble factors from 70 pancreatic cancer patients undergoing attempted tumour resections. A high-sensitivity multiplex was used for increased sensitivity for nine cytokines. RESULTS Resectable pancreatic cancer patients with cachexia had low levels of canonical pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Even in our more sensitive analysis, these cytokines were not associated with cancer cachexia. Of the 25 circulating factors tested, only monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was increased in treatment-naïve cachectic patients compared with weight stable patients and identified as a potential biomarker for cancer cachexia. Although circulating levels of leptin and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were found to be decreased in the same cohort of treatment-naïve cachectic patients, these factors were closely associated with body mass index, limiting their utility as cancer cachexia biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Unlike in advanced disease, it is possible that cachexia in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer is not associated with high levels of classical markers of systemic inflammation. However, cachectic, treatment-naïve patients have higher levels of MCP-1, suggesting that MCP-1 may be useful as a biomarker of cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Talbert
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Heather L. Lewis
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Matthew R. Farren
- Department of Hematology and Medical OncologyThe Winship Cancer Institute of Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Mitchell L. Ramsey
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Jeffery M. Chakedis
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Priyani Rajasekera
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Ericka Haverick
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Angela Sarna
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | | | - Timothy M. Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Teresa A. Zimmers
- Department of SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA
| | - Gregory B. Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical OncologyThe Winship Cancer Institute of Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Phil A. Hart
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Mary E. Dillhoff
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Carl R. Schmidt
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Denis C. Guttridge
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Cachexia ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOH43210USA
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19
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Jialal I, Jialal G, Devaraj S, Adams-Huet B. The effect of increasing tertiles of waist circumference on cardio-metabolic risk, adipokines and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in nascent metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Complications 2018; 32:379-383. [PMID: 29478813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The effect of waist circumference (WC) on cardio-metabolic features and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation and adipose tissue dysregulation is poorly defined in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Hence the aim of this study was to examine the effect of increasing tertiles of WC on the cardio metabolic risk profile, pro-oxidant state, pro-inflammatory state and adipose tissue dysregulation in nascent MetS patients (n = 59) without diabetes or CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS None of the main cardio-metabolic features including blood pressure, blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, HOMA-IR, and free fatty acids increased with increasing WC tertiles except for hsCRP. In addition, none of the biomarkers of oxidative stress increased with increasing WC. Other circulating and cellular bio-mediators of inflammation and adipokines did not show significant increase with increasing WC. Using the waist to height ratio (WHtR) also did not reveal any major findings with increasing tertiles. CONCLUSION In conclusion, in a well-defined cohort of MetS we failed to show any superiority of either WC or WHtR compared to BMI in capturing the cardio-metabolic cluster, adipose tissue dysregulation and the increased burden of oxidative stress and inflammation in this pilot study. These observations need confirmation in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwarlal Jialal
- California North-state University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - Ganesh Jialal
- California North-state University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Beverley Adams-Huet
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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