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Horvat B, Shikakura Y, Ohtani M, Demura T, Kikuchi A, Watanabe KN, Oguchi T. Heterogeneous Expression of Arabidopsis Subclass II of SNF1-Related Kinase 2 Improves Drought Tolerance via Stomatal Regulation in Poplar. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:161. [PMID: 38276290 PMCID: PMC10817443 DOI: 10.3390/life14010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is the most important phytohormone involved in the response to drought stress. Subclass II of SNF1-related kinase 2 (SnRK2) is an important signaling kinase related to ABA signal transduction. It regulates the phosphorylation of the target transcription factors controlling the transcription of a wide range of ABA-responsive genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. The transgenic poplars (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides, clone T89) ectopically overexpressing AtSnRK2.8, encoding a subclass II SnRK2 kinase of A. thaliana, have been engineered but almost no change in its transcriptome was observed. In this study, we evaluated osmotic stress tolerance and stomatal behavior of the transgenic poplars maintained in the netted greenhouse. The transgenic poplars, line S22, showed a significantly higher tolerance to 20% PEG treatment than non-transgenic controls. The stomatal conductance of the transgenic poplars tended to be lower than the non-transgenic control. Microscopic observations of leaf imprints revealed that the transgenic poplars had significantly higher stomatal closures under the stress treatment than the non-transgenic control. In addition, the stomatal index was lower in the transgenic poplars than in the non-transgenic controls regardless of the stress treatment. These results suggested that AtSnRK2.8 is involved in the regulation of stomatal behavior. Furthermore, the transgenic poplars overexpressing AtSnRK2.8 might have improved abiotic stress tolerance through this stomatal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borislav Horvat
- Degree Program in Life and Earth Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuhei Shikakura
- Degree Program in Life and Earth Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Misato Ohtani
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8562, Chiba, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taku Demura
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Kanagawa, Japan
- Center for Digital Green-Innovation, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Nara, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuo N. Watanabe
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Taichi Oguchi
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
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Fuertes A, Oliveira N, Cañellas I, Sixto H, Rodríguez-Soalleiro R, Hanewinkel M, Sperlich D. Assessing the potential of poplar short rotation plantations to contribute to a low-carbon bioeconomy under water-limited conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 347:119062. [PMID: 37783085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Poplar short rotation coppice (SRC) systems are important for biomass production and for short-to medium-term carbon (C) sequestration, contributing to a low-carbon bioeconomy and thus helping to mitigate global warming. The productivity and profitability of these plantations are, however, challenged under restrictive irrigation associated with climate change. This study compares the above- and below-ground C sequestration potential and economic viability of a 12-year plantation cycle (4 rotations of 3 years each) under Mediterranean conditions with optimum irrigation (T1) and 50% irrigation reduction (T2), analysing other promising biomass uses in the form of bioproducts. A total of 138 trees of the highly productive hybrid ('AF2') in a SRC-trial were sampled monthly (first rotation). Additionally, data from an extensive poplar plantation network (30 sites) was used to complete data for the plantation cycle. The average C content for above- and below-ground biomass was 17.04 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 (T1), falling by 24% in T2. The net present value (NPV) in T1 (6461 € ha-1) was 52% lower under T2 conditions. Extra payments for C sequestration increased the NPV to 8023 for T1 and 4331 € ha-1 for T2. Roots represent an important C storage in the soil, accumulating 29.9 Mg C ha-1 (T1) and 22.8 Mg C ha-1 (T2) by the end of the cycle in our study. The mitigation potential is strongly fortified when the share of bioproducts in biomass end-use increases. Assuming a distribution of 50% bioenergy and 50% bioproducts, emission were reduced between -114 Mg CO2eq ha-1 (T1) and -88 Mg CO2eq ha-1 (T2) compared to BAU until end of the century. This scenario plays a crucial sink-effect role by storing C contained in biomass, which is not immediately released into the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fuertes
- Institute of Forest Science (INIA-CSIC), Crta. De La Coruña km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; Sustainable Forest Management Group, University of Santiago De Compostela (USC), C/Benigno Ledo s/n, E-27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - N Oliveira
- Institute of Forest Science (INIA-CSIC), Crta. De La Coruña km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Cañellas
- Institute of Forest Science (INIA-CSIC), Crta. De La Coruña km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - H Sixto
- Institute of Forest Science (INIA-CSIC), Crta. De La Coruña km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Rodríguez-Soalleiro
- Sustainable Forest Management Group, University of Santiago De Compostela (USC), C/Benigno Ledo s/n, E-27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - M Hanewinkel
- Chair of Forestry Economics and Forest Planning, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacherstr. 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - D Sperlich
- Chair of Forestry Economics and Forest Planning, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacherstr. 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Wang Z, Yan W, Peng Y, Wan M, Farooq TH, Fan W, Lei J, Yuan C, Wang W, Qi Y, Chen X. Biomass Production and Carbon Stocks in Poplar-Crop Agroforestry Chronosequence in Subtropical Central China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2451. [PMID: 37447011 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Agroforest systems have been widely recognized as an integrated approach to sustainable land use for addressing the climate change problem because of their greater potential to sequester atmospheric CO2 with multiple economic and ecological benefits. However, the nature and extent of the effects of an age-sequence of agroforestry systems on carbon (C) storage remain largely unknown. To reveal the influence of different aged poplar-crop systems on C stocks, we investigated the variation in biomass and C storage under four aged poplar-crop agroforest systems (3-, 9-, 13-, and 17-year-old) in the Henan province of China. The results showed that stand biomass increased with forest age, ranging from 26.9 to 121.6 t/ha in the corresponding four aged poplar-crop systems. The poplar tree biomass accounted for >80% of the total stand biomass in these poplar-crop agroforestry systems, except in the 3-year-old agroforestry system. The average stand productivity peaked in a 9-year-old poplar-crop system (11.8 t/ha/yr), the next was in 13- and 17-year-old agroforestry systems, and the minimum was found in 3-year-old poplar-crop stands (4.8 t/ha/yr). The total C stocks increased, with aging poplar-crop systems ranging from 99.7 to 189.2 t/ha in the studied agroforestry systems. The proportion of C stocks accounted for about 6, 25, and 69% of the total C stocks in the crop, poplar tree, and soil components in all studied agroforestry ecosystems, respectively. Our results suggested that the poplar-crop system, especially in productive and mature stages, is quite an effective agroforestry model to increase the study site's biomass production and C stocks. This study highlighted the importance of agroforestry systems in C storage. It recommended the poplar-crop agroforest ecosystems as a viable option for sustainable production and C mitigation in the central region of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Wende Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yuanying Peng
- College of Arts and Sciences, Lewis University, Romeoville, IL 60446, USA
| | - Meng Wan
- Henan Forestry Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Taimoor Hassan Farooq
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Bangor College China, a Joint Unit of Bangor University and Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Henan Forestry Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Junjie Lei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Chenglin Yuan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Wancai Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yaqin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Arts and Sciences, Governors State University, University Park, IL 60484, USA
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Tian P, Liu Y, Ou J. Meta-analysis of the impact of future climate change on the area of woody plant habitats in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1139739. [PMID: 37008491 PMCID: PMC10050603 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1139739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate change poses a very serious threat to woody plants, and it is important to study its impact on the distribution dynamics of woody plants in China. However, there are no comprehensive quantitative studies on which factors influence the changes in the area of woody plant habitats in China under climate change. In this meta-analysis, we investigated the future suitable habitat area changes of 114 woody plant species in 85 studies based on MaxEnt model predictions to summarize the future climate change impacts on woody plant habitat area changes in China. It was found that climate change will result in a 3.66% increase in the overall woody plant suitable areas and a 31.33% decrease in the highly suitable areas in China. The mean temperature of the coldest quarter is the most important climatic factor, and greenhouse gas concentrations were inversely related to the area of future woody plant suitable areas. Meanwhile, shrubs are more climate-responsive than trees, drought-tolerant plants (e.g., Dalbergia, Cupressus, and Xanthoceras) and plants that can adapt quickly (e.g., Camellia, Cassia, and Fokienia) and their appearance will increase in the future. Old World temperate, Trop. Asia and Trop. Amer. disjuncted, and the Sino-Himalaya Floristic region are more vulnerable. Quantitative analysis of the possible risks to future climate change in areas suitable for woody plants in China is important for global woody plant diversity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Tian
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yifu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ou
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Robertson SM, Sakariyahu SK, Bolaji A, Belmonte MF, Wilkins O. Growth-limiting drought stress induces time-of-day-dependent transcriptome and physiological responses in hybrid poplar. AOB PLANTS 2022; 14:plac040. [PMID: 36196395 PMCID: PMC9521483 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress negatively impacts the health of long-lived trees. Understanding the genetic mechanisms that underpin response to drought stress is requisite for selecting or enhancing climate change resilience. We aimed to determine how hybrid poplars respond to prolonged and uniform exposure to drought; how responses to moderate and more severe growth-limiting drought stresses differed; and how drought responses change throughout the day. We established hybrid poplar trees (Populus × 'Okanese') from unrooted stem cutting with abundant soil moisture for 6 weeks. We then withheld water to establish well-watered, moderate and severe growth-limiting drought conditions. These conditions were maintained for 3 weeks during which growth was monitored. We then measured photosynthetic rates and transcriptomes of leaves that had developed during the drought treatments at two times of day. The moderate and severe drought treatments elicited distinct changes in growth and development, photosynthetic rates and global transcriptome profiles. Notably, the time of day of sampling produced the strongest effect in the transcriptome data. The moderate drought treatment elicited global transcriptome changes that were intermediate to the severe and well-watered treatments in the early evening but did not elicit a strong drought response in the morning. Stable drought conditions that are sufficient to limit plant growth elicit distinct transcriptional profiles depending on the degree of water limitation and on the time of day at which they are measured. There appears to be a limited number of genes and functional gene categories that are responsive to all of the tested drought conditions in this study emphasizing the complex nature of drought regulation in long-lived trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Robertson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | | | - Ayooluwa Bolaji
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Mark F Belmonte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Transgenic poplar trees overexpressing AtGolS2, a stress-responsive galactinol synthase gene derived from Arabidopsis thaliana, improved drought tolerance in a confined field. Transgenic Res 2022; 31:579-591. [PMID: 35997870 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-022-00321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Drought is an abiotic stress that limits plant growth and productivity, and the development of trees with improved drought tolerance is expected to expand potential plantation areas and to promote sustainable development. Previously we reported that transgenic poplars (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides, T89) harboring the stress-responsive galactinol synthase gene, AtGolS2, derived from Arabidopsis thaliana were developed and showed improved drought stress tolerance in laboratory conditions. Herein we report a field trial evaluation of the AtGolS2-transgenic poplars. The rainfall-restricted treatments on the poplars started in late May 2020, 18 months after transplanting to the field, and were performed for 100 days. During these treatments, the leaf injury levels were observed by measuring photosynthetic quantum yields twice a week. Observed leaf injury levels varied in response to soil moisture fluctuation and showed a large difference between transgenic and non-transgenic poplars during the last month. Comparison of the leaf injury levels against three stress classes clustered by the machine learning approach revealed that the transgenic poplars exhibited significant alleviation of leaf injuries in the most severe stress class. The transgenes and transcript levels were stable in the transgenic poplars cultivated in the field conditions. These results indicated that the overexpression of AtGolS2 significantly improved the drought stress tolerance of transgenic poplars not only in the laboratory but also in the field. In future studies, molecular breeding using AtGolS2 will be an effective method for developing practical drought-tolerant forest trees.
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A global database of woody tissue carbon concentrations. Sci Data 2022. [PMCID: PMC9184483 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01396-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Woody tissue carbon (C) concentration is a key wood trait necessary for accurately estimating forest C stocks and fluxes, which also varies widely across species and biomes. However, coarse approximations of woody tissue C (e.g., 50%) remain commonplace in forest C estimation and reporting protocols, despite leading to substantial errors in forest C estimates. Here, we describe the Global Woody Tissue Carbon Concentration Database (GLOWCAD): a database containing 3,676 individual records of woody tissue C concentrations from 864 tree species. Woody tissue C concentration data—i.e., the mass of C per unit dry mass—were obtained from live and dead woody tissues from 130 peer-reviewed sources published between 1980–2020. Auxiliary data for each observation include tissue type, as well as decay class and size characteristics for dead wood. In GLOWCAD, 1,242 data points are associated with geographic coordinates, and are therefore presented alongside 46 standardized bioclimatic variables extracted from climate databases. GLOWCAD represents the largest available woody tissue C concentration database, and informs studies on forest C estimation, as well as analyses evaluating the extent, causes, and consequences of inter- and intraspecific variation in wood chemical traits. Measurement(s) | wood carbon concentrations | Technology Type(s) | elemental analyzer | Factor Type(s) | species | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Plant | Sample Characteristic - Environment | terrestrial biome | Sample Characteristic - Location | Globe |
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Abstract
Cropping patterns are defined as the sequence and spatial arrangement of annual crops on a piece of land. Knowledge of cropping patterns is crucial for crop production and land-use intensity. While cropping patterns are related to crop production and land use intensity, they are rarely reported in agricultural statistics, especially those relating to small farms in developing countries. Remote sensing has enabled mapping cropping patterns by monitoring crops’ spatial and temporal dynamics. In this paper, we reviewed remote sensing studies of single, sequential and intercropping patterns of annual crops practiced at local and regional scales. A total of 90 studies were selected from 753 publications based on their cropping pattern types and relevance to the scope of this review. The review found that despite the increase in single cropping pattern studies due to the Sentinel missions, studies on intercropping patterns are rare, suggesting that mapping intercropping is still challenging. More so, microwave remote sensing for mapping intercropping has not been fully explored. Given the complexities in mapping intercropping, our review highlights how less frequently used vegetation indices (VIs) that benefit from red-edge and SWIR spectral bands may improve intercropping mapping.
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9
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Models to estimate the above and below ground carbon stocks from a subtropical scrub forest of Pakistan. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Wang C, Xue L, Dong Y, Jiao R. Soil organic carbon fractions, C-cycling hydrolytic enzymes, and microbial carbon metabolism in Chinese fir plantations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143695. [PMID: 33257064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which planting density affects soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions, C-cycling associated hydrolytic enzyme activities, and microbial carbon metabolism remain unclear. We evaluated the influences of five planting densities (D1: 1667 stems·ha-1, D2: 3333 stems·ha-1, D3: 4444 stems·ha-1, D4: 5000 stems·ha-1, and D5: 6667 stems·ha-1) on the concentrations of SOC, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidizable carbon (EOC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the activities of invertase, cellulase, and β-glucosidase, and microbial carbon metabolism activities in 5- and 35-year-old Chinese fir plantations. Generally, no significant differences in the SOC and DOC concentrations among five planting densities in 5-year-old plantations were found, but the SOC and DOC were significantly higher in high-density plantations (D3, D4, and D5) than in low-density plantations (D1 and D2) in 35-year-old plantations. The EOC concentration in low-density plantations was lower than that in high-density plantations in both 5- and 35-year-old plantations. The high planting density was associated with higher MBC, activities of invertase and β-glucosidase, and microbial carbon metabolism activity in 5-year-old plantations, but the opposite was found in 35-year-old plantations. The high-density plantations exhibited a significant decrease in cellulase activity in 35-year-old plantations. These results highlight that although increased planting density would enrich SOC storage after a long-term rotation of plantations, it also reduces microbial and enzymatic activities. This has important implications in the formulation of planting density management strategies to increase SOC stocks while maintaining soil fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lin Xue
- Department of Cartography, GIS and Remote Sensing, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Yuhong Dong
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ruzhen Jiao
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
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Fan L, Wang J, Liu X, Luo H, Zhang K, Fu X, Li M, Li X, Jiang B, Chen J, Fu S, Mo Y, Li L, Chen W, Cheng L, Chen F, Ji L, Ma D, Zhang X, Anderson BC. Whether the carbon emission from green roofs can be effectively mitigated by recycling waste building material as green roof substrate during five-year operation? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40893-40906. [PMID: 32677017 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Green roof (GF) as an important role of urban ecosystem services is more and more focused on carbon sequestration for the mitigation of climate change, which there is still a gap of longer period of investigation on carbon sequestration on GF. This work aims to quantify the carbon sequestration on green roofs from 2012 to 2017 by measuring and calculating parameter on substrate organic carbon and plant organic carbon, when using waste building material substrate (WBMS) as GF substrate for the recycling of waste solid. Green roof group 2 (waste building material substrate (WBMS) as substrate) and green roof group 1 (local natural soil (LNS) as substrate), planting same three native plants (N. auriculata, L. spicata, and L. vicaryi), were both three substrate depth of 20 cm, 25 cm, and 30 cm, respectively. Results show that both innovative WBMS and LNS were a great capability of carbon sequestration and carbon storage on green roofs. Carbon storage of green roof group 1 and green roof group 2 was 65.6 kg C m-2 and 72.6 kg C m-2, respectively. Annual mean carbon sequestration of the WBMS was 1.8 times higher than LNS. The overall average carbon sequestration (12.8 kg C m-2 year-1) in green roof group 2 using WBMS was 1.1 times than corresponding in green roof group 1 (11.4 kg C m-2 year-1 using LNS). WBMS substrate and L. vicaryi could be considered as the most adaptable green roof configuration, which can be a recommendation to promote the carbon sequestration and the function of green roof for the better urban ecosystem services. Future work may focus on the GF carbon model, water interface, long-term monitoring, environmental impact, water quality and quantity, synthesized effect on GF ecosystem, low impact development (LID), management and simulation, and combination on intelligent urban system, based on LCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqian Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Jingting Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College, Chengdu, 611231, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China.
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China.
- Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Xiaoying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mei Li
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Laboratory Center, College of Chemical and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- College of Business, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Shuzhi Fu
- College of Business, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - You Mo
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Fenghui Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Lin Ji
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bruce C Anderson
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
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Growth, Carbon Storage, and Optimal Rotation in Poplar Plantations: A Case Study on Clone and Planting Spacing Effects. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11080842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poplar, as the most widely cultivated fast-growing tree species in the middle latitude plain, provides important wood resources and plays an important role in mitigating climate change. In order to understand the response of growth, biomass production, carbon storage to poplar clones, planting spacings, and their interaction, a field trial was established in 2007. In 2018, we destructively harvested 24 sample trees for biomass measurements and stem analyses. Biomass production and carbon storage for the single tree of three clones enhanced as planting spacing increasing at the age of 13, but both the biomass production and carbon storage of clones NL-895 and NL-95 were higher than the clone NL-797 at the spacings of 6 × 6 m and 5 × 5 m. The average carbon concentration of the tested clones was in the order of stem > branches > leaves, and showed significant variation between different components (p < 0.05). Large spacing stimulated more biomass to be partitioned to the canopy. Based on the prediction values of tree volume growth by established Chapman–Richards models, the quantitative maturity ages of stand volume varied among the investigating plantations, ranging from 14 to 17 years old. Our results suggest that the selecting clones NL-895 and NL-95 with 6 × 6 m spacing would be recommended at similar sites for future poplar silviculture of larger diameter timber production, as well as for carbon sequestration.
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Özcan Y, Makineci E, Özdemir E. Biomass, carbon and nitrogen in single tree components of grey poplar (Populus × canescens) in an uncultivated habitat in Van, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:363. [PMID: 32405707 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biomass, carbon and nitrogen storage in the single tree components (foliage, branch, crown, bark, stem and total aboveground) of the grey poplar (Populus × canescens) in its distribution in Eastern Anatolia (Van, Turkey) were determined and modelled. The biomass, carbon and nitrogen storages were not estimated at a stand level but were based on single trees. Regression models based on the tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and total tree height (H) were developed to estimate the biomass, carbon (C) storage and nitrogen (N) storage of the different tree components of a total of 28 grey poplar trees. The two main regression models in the power function were developed based only on the DBH (Model 1) and the combination of the DBH and height (D2H) (Model 2). All regression models, except for those of the foliage components, developed to estimate the biomass and C and N storages of the tree components were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). The partitioning of the total aboveground biomass in the bark, foliage, branches and stems was 0.7, 9, 17 and 73%, respectively. The average C concentrations of the tree components ranged from 48 (foliage) to 50% (bark, branch and stem), while the N concentrations ranged from 0.35 (stem) to 1.32% (foliage). Higher biomass and lower nitrogen concentrations of foliage compared with cultivated poplars were likely related to the natural site conditions, low soil nitrogen and/or characteristics of single tree growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yüksel Özcan
- Faculty of Forestry, Soil Science and Ecology Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Bahcekoy, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ender Makineci
- Faculty of Forestry, Soil Science and Ecology Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Bahcekoy, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Emrah Özdemir
- Faculty of Forestry, Forest Yield and Biometry Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Bahcekoy, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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Long-Term Monitoring of Soil Carbon Sequestration in Woody and Herbaceous Bioenergy Crop Production Systems on Marginal Lands in Southern Ontario, Canada. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12093901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration on marginal lands in Canada using bioenergy crops has been proposed. However, factors influencing system-level C gain (SLCG) potentials of maturing bioenergy cropping systems, including belowground biomass C and soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation, are not well documented. This study, therefore, quantified the long-term C sequestration potentials at the system-level in nine-year-old (2009–2018) woody (poplar clone 2293–29 (Populus spp.), hybrid willow clone SX-67 (Salix miyabeana)), and herbaceous (miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus var. Nagara), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)) bioenergy crop production systems on marginal lands in Southern Ontario, Canada. Results showed that woody cropping systems had significantly higher aboveground biomass C stock of 10.02 compared to 7.65 Mg C ha−1 in herbaceous cropping systems, although their belowground biomass C was not significantly different. Woody crops and switchgrass were able to increase SOC significantly over the tested period. However, when long term soil organic carbon (∆SOC) gains were compared, woody and herbaceous biomass crops gained 11.0 and 9.8 Mg C ha−1, respectively, which were not statistically different. Results also indicate a significantly higher total C pool [aboveground + belowground + soil organic carbon] in the willow (103 Mg ha−1) biomass system compared to other bioenergy crops. In the nine-year study period, woody crops had only 1.35 Mg C ha−1 more SLCG, suggesting that the influence of woody and herbaceous biomass crops on SLCG and ∆SOC sequestrations were similar. Further, among all tested biomass crops, willow had the highest annual SLCG of 1.66 Mg C ha−1 y−1.
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Fu D, Bu B, Wu J, Singh RP. Investigation on the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation along a heavy traffic load expressway. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 241:549-557. [PMID: 30318160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon sequestration by vegetation plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. More emphasis on the carbon sequestration of roadside vegetation will help to reduce the total carbon emissions from the transportation sector. In the current study, the Shanghai-Nanjing G42 expressway in east China was selected to investigate and calculate the carbon sequestration of roadside vegetation including trees, shrubs and herbs. Findings of the current study revealed that the total carbon sequestration of all the vegetation was about 97,000 tons per year. Results also indicated that trees have a higher carbon sequestration capacity (γ) in unit land area compared to shrubs and herbs. The γ value of most of the shrubs was lower than that of tree; however, species such as Nerium indicum, Jasminum mesnyi and Forsythia suspense have better carbon sequestration capacity than some other tree species. The γ value of herbs was too low, compared with trees and shrubs. The findings of the current study will be of great benefit to make the vegetation planting strategy for express highways in the areas with similar geographic characteristics and climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafang Fu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Bei Bu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jiaguo Wu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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16
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Fortier J, Truax B, Gagnon D, Lambert F. Abiotic and biotic factors controlling fine root biomass, carbon and nutrients in closed-canopy hybrid poplar stands on post-agricultural land. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6296. [PMID: 31000761 PMCID: PMC6472364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine roots (diameter <2 mm) have a pivotal role in resource acquisition, symbiosis development, and for elemental cycling in forests. Various abiotic and biotic factors affect their biomass and nutrient content. Understanding the effect of these factors on root traits could improve biogeochemical modelling, nutrient management and ecosystem services provision in planted forests. Data from 14-year old poplars planted along a fertility/climatic gradient in Southeastern Canada, show that live fine root biomass varied with genotype and environment, was negatively correlated to soil fertility, and uncorrelated to tree size. Dead fine root biomass varied with genotype and peaked during fall and in colder environments with slower element cycling. Root chemistry also varied with environment, genotype and season. The genotype producing recalcitrant leaf litter had the highest root biomass, suggesting a compensation strategy. Along the studied gradient, plasticity level observed for some root traits (biomass, element contents) was genotype-specific and high for some genotypes. Regionally, such plasticity patterns should be considered in elemental budgets, for nutrient management and ecosystem services provision in plantations (carbon storage, nutrient retention). The small inter-site aboveground productivity differences observed suggest that plasticity in fine root growth may contribute to overcome nutrient limitations on less fertile marginal lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Fortier
- Fiducie de recherche sur la forêt des Cantons-de-l'Est/Eastern Townships Forest Research Trust, 1 rue Principale, Saint-Benoît-du-Lac, Qc, J0B 2M0, Canada.
| | - Benoit Truax
- Fiducie de recherche sur la forêt des Cantons-de-l'Est/Eastern Townships Forest Research Trust, 1 rue Principale, Saint-Benoît-du-Lac, Qc, J0B 2M0, Canada
| | - Daniel Gagnon
- Fiducie de recherche sur la forêt des Cantons-de-l'Est/Eastern Townships Forest Research Trust, 1 rue Principale, Saint-Benoît-du-Lac, Qc, J0B 2M0, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Sk, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - France Lambert
- Fiducie de recherche sur la forêt des Cantons-de-l'Est/Eastern Townships Forest Research Trust, 1 rue Principale, Saint-Benoît-du-Lac, Qc, J0B 2M0, Canada
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17
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Gupta R, Sharma LK. The process-based forest growth model 3-PG for use in forest management: A review. Ecol Modell 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Feng T, Wei W, Chen L, Cerdà A, Yang L, Yu Y. Combining land preparation and vegetation restoration for optimal soil eco-hydrological services in the Loess Plateau, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:535-547. [PMID: 30550916 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In semiarid terrestrial ecosystems, optimized eco-rehabilitation strategies, such as land preparations and planting vegetation, are keys to achieve a successful ecological restoration. Land preparations and vegetation are supposed to have the coupled and respective impacts on soil ecosystem services, which are still unclear now. In this study, eighteen experimental plots with six different combinations and repetitions of land preparations and vegetation were built in the Chinese Loess Plateau in 2014 and soil moisture storages (SMS), soil carbon stocks (SCS) and other soil nutrient stocks were calculated at 0-100 cm, also the effects of land preparations and planting vegetation on soil eco-hydrological services are analyzed by mathematical methods. The results show that leveled ditches-M. sativa had the highest SMS (125 mm) while zig terraces-P. tabulaeformis had the lowest values (88 mm). Fish-scale pits-P. tabulaeformis had the most SCS (9804 g/m2) and leveled ditches-M. sativa had the lowest values (8163 g/m2). For soil nutrient stocks, leveled benches-C. microphylla and fish-scale pits-P. tabulaeformis had the highest levels while leveled ditches-M. sativa had the lowest values. The partial redundancy analysis (pRDA) and variation partitioning (VP) analysis indicated that soil nutrient stocks were most affected by the coupling effects of land preparation and vegetation. SMS at surface (0-10 cm) were mainly affected by precipitation (58.8%). Furthermore, SMS at subsurface (10-60 cm) and deep soil layer (60-100 cm) were affected by the shared effects of vegetation and land preparation (61.3%), and vegetation (72.2%), respectively. The findings quantified the coupling and respective contributions of vegetation restoration and land preparation to soil eco-hydrological services and demonstrate that the optimal combination of eco-rehabilitation strategies can achieve a sustainable land restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Feng
- Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Liding Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Artemi Cerdà
- Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Department of Geography, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibáñez, 28, 46010 València, Spain
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Sediment Research, China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048
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19
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A review of factors affecting carbon sequestration at green roofs. JOURNAL OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/jfm-11-2017-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis paper aims to assess factors that affect carbon sequestration on green roofs.Design/methodology/approachThe most current academic literature related to carbon sequestration and green roofs carbon sequestration performance was reviewed.FindingsFactors affecting carbon sequestration were discussed and classified into the following factors: plants, physical and maintenance factors. The authors’ findings are significant because they can be used to optimize green roofs performance for carbon sequestration.Originality/valueFactors affecting carbon sequestration will optimize intensive green roofs performance.
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20
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Nabel M, Schrey SD, Poorter H, Koller R, Nagel KA, Temperton VM, Dietrich CC, Briese C, Jablonowski ND. Coming Late for Dinner: Localized Digestate Depot Fertilization for Extensive Cultivation of Marginal Soil With Sida hermaphrodita. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1095. [PMID: 30131816 PMCID: PMC6090160 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Improving fertility of marginal soils for the sustainable production of biomass is a strategy for reducing land use conflicts between food and energy crops. Digestates can be used as fertilizer and for soil amelioration. In order to promote plant growth and reduce potential adverse effects on roots because of broadcast digestate fertilization, we propose to apply local digestate depots placed into the rhizosphere. We grew Sida hermaphrodita in large mesocosms outdoors for three growing seasons and in rhizotrons in the greenhouse for 3 months both filled with marginal substrate, including multiple sampling dates. We compared digestate broadcast application with digestate depot fertilization and a mineral fertilizer control. We show that depot fertilization promotes a deep reaching root system of S. hermaphrodita seedlings followed by the formation of a dense root cluster around the depot-fertilized zone, resulting in a fivefold increased biomass yield. Temporal adverse effects on root growth were linked to high initial concentrations of ammonium and nitrite in the rhizosphere in either fertilizer application, followed by a high biomass increase after its microbial conversion to nitrate. We conclude that digestate depot fertilization can contribute to an improved cultivation of perennial energy-crops on marginal soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Nabel
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Silvia D. Schrey
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Poorter
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Robert Koller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Kerstin A. Nagel
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Charlotte C. Dietrich
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christoph Briese
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Nicolai D. Jablonowski
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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21
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Planting Density and Site Effects on Stem Dimensions, Stand Productivity, Biomass Partitioning, Carbon Stocks and Soil Nutrient Supply in Hybrid Poplar Plantations. FORESTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/f9060293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Allometric Equations for Estimating Compartment Biomass and Stem Volume in Mature Hybrid Poplars: General or Site-Specific? FORESTS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/f8090309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Meifang Y, Lu W, Honghui R, Xinshi Z. Biomass production and carbon sequestration of a short-rotation forest with different poplar clones in northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:1135-1140. [PMID: 28222922 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Short Rotation Forestry (SRF) is of interest as producers of biomass for bio-energy, but also as carbon (C) sinks to mitigate CO2 emission. To investigate biomass production and C sequestration of SRF, ecosystem C stock (including C stored in tree biomass, litter and soil), NPP (net primary productivity), heterotrophic respiration (Rh) and NEP (net ecosystem productivity) of three poplar clone plantations were estimated by repeated field sampling in northwest China. Ecosystem C stock (105.62MgCha-1) was significantly lower in PB (P. balsamifera) stand than in PD (P. deltoids) and PE (P.×euramericana) stands (P<0.01). Biomass C stock was greatly affected by clone type (P<0.01), while significant difference in soil C stock was not detected. Averaged NPP was 8.80MgCha-1yr-1 across all clone stands, but the most productive clone of PD yielded up to 10.72MgCha-1yr-1. NEP was found to be significantly different among the clone stands, increasing from 0.21MgCha-1yr-1 in PB to 6.77MgCha-1yr-1 in PD stand. With soil C outputs (Rh) being smaller than C sequestrations, the plantations all acted as C sinks, averagely absorbing 3.45MgCha-1 during a year. Our results suggest that clone type is a main factor influencing C sequestration capacity of a plantation, along with determining the amount of biomass yield. The success of poplar plantations as a bio-energy resource largely depends on the selection of hybrid varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Meifang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingzexi Street, Taiyuan 030024, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Wang Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingzexi Street, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ren Honghui
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China; College of Mine Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingzexi Street, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Zhang Xinshi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China
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Yao Y, Wang X, Zeng Z, Liu Y, Peng S, Zhu Z, Piao S. The Effect of Afforestation on Soil Moisture Content in Northeastern China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160776. [PMID: 27513001 PMCID: PMC4981471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread afforestation programs sequester carbon from the atmosphere and mitigate the rising of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Meanwhile, afforestation carbon sequestration may cost soil water. However, changes in soil moisture content (SMC) after large-scale afforestation or reforestation have rarely been quantified. In this study, we measured changes in SMC following afforestation using a paired plots method with data from 757 plots in Northeastern China. We found a marginally significant decline in soil moisture content of the top 1-m soil (SMC0-1m) after afforestation (P = 0.08) at the regional scale. The SMC responses to afforestation also vary across species. For example, significant SMC decrease are found for Populus spp. plantations (P < 0.05) and plantations of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (P < 0.05). Splitting the first meter of the soil profile into different depth intervals revealed that SMC declined significantly in shallow layers (0–30 cm) for Populus spp. and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. We also found that when SMC in the control exceeded a specific threshold, SMC for all five tree species considered tended to decrease, suggesting that the effects of afforestation on soil hydrology vary across different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Yao
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zeng
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongwen Liu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shushi Peng
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zaichun Zhu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- * E-mail:
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Thinning Intensity Affects Soil-Atmosphere Fluxes of Greenhouse Gases and Soil Nitrogen Mineralization in a Lowland Poplar Plantation. FORESTS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/f7070141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Brunet‐Navarro P, Jochheim H, Muys B. Modelling carbon stocks and fluxes in the wood product sector: a comparative review. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:2555-2569. [PMID: 26824792 PMCID: PMC4949703 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In addition to forest ecosystems, wood products are carbon pools that can be strategically managed to mitigate climate change. Wood product models (WPMs) simulating the carbon balance of wood production, use and end of life can complement forest growth models to evaluate the mitigation potential of the forest sector as a whole. WPMs can be used to compare scenarios of product use and explore mitigation strategies. A considerable number of WPMs have been developed in the last three decades, but there is no review available analysing their functionality and performance. This study analyses and compares 41 WPMs. One surprising initial result was that we discovered the erroneous implementation of a few concepts and assumptions in some of the models. We further described and compared the models using six model characteristics (bucking allocation, industrial processes, carbon pools, product removal, recycling and substitution effects) and three model-use characteristics (system boundaries, model initialization and evaluation of results). Using a set of indicators based on the model characteristics, we classified models using a hierarchical clustering technique and differentiated them according to their increasing degrees of complexity and varying levels of user support. For purposes of simulating carbon stock in wood products, models with a simple structure may be sufficient, but to compare climate change mitigation options, complex models are needed. The number of models has increased substantially over the last ten years, introducing more diversity and accuracy. Calculation of substitution effects and recycling has also become more prominent. However, the lack of data is still an important constraint for a more realistic estimation of carbon stocks and fluxes. Therefore, if the sector wants to demonstrate the environmental quality of its products, it should make it a priority to provide reliable life cycle inventory data, particularly regarding aspects of time and location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Brunet‐Navarro
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)Institute of Landscape Systems AnalysisEberswalder Straße 8415374MünchebergGermany
- Division Forest, Nature and LandscapeUniversity of LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200E‐2411BE‐3001LeuvenBelgium
| | - Hubert Jochheim
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)Institute of Landscape Systems AnalysisEberswalder Straße 8415374MünchebergGermany
| | - Bart Muys
- Division Forest, Nature and LandscapeUniversity of LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200E‐2411BE‐3001LeuvenBelgium
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Li T, Ren B, Wang D, Liu G. Spatial variation in the storages and age-related dynamics of forest carbon sequestration in different climate zones-evidence from black locust plantations on the Loess Plateau of China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121862. [PMID: 25799100 PMCID: PMC4370400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the long-term influences of climate change on the amount of potential carbon (C) sequestration in forest ecosystems, including age-related dynamics, remains unclear. This study used two similar age-sequences of black locust forests (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in the semi-arid and semi-humid zones of China’s Loess Plateau to assess the variation in C stocks and age-related dynamics. Our results demonstrated that black locust forests of the semi-humid zone stored significantly more C than did forests in the semi-arid zone, across the chronosequence (p < 0.001). The C carrying capacity of the plantations was measured at 166.4 Mg C ha−1 (1 Mg = 106 g) in the semi-humid zone, while the semi-arid zone had a capacity of only 79.4 Mg C ha−1. Soil organic C (SOC) increased continuously with stand age in the semi-arid zone (R2 = 0.84, p = 0.010). However, in the semi-humid zone, SOC declined sharply by 47.8% after the initial stage (5 to 10 y). The C stock in trees increased continuously with stand age in the semi-humid zone (R2 = 0.83, p = 0.011), yet in the semi-arid zone, it decreased dramatically from 43.0 Mg C ha−1 to 28.4 Mg C ha−1 during the old forest stage (38 to 56 y). The shift from being a net C sink to a net C source occurred at the initial stage in the semi-humid zone versus at the old forest stage in the semi-arid zone after reforestation. Surprisingly, with the exception of the initial and later stages (55 y), the patterns of C allocation among trees, soils, understory and litter were not statistically different between the two climate zones. Our results suggest that climate factors can alter the potential amount and age-related dynamics of forest C sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taijun Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yang Ling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bowen Ren
- College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yang Ling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dahui Wang
- College of veterinary medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yang Ling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yang Ling, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yang Ling, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail:
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Agostini F, Gregory AS, Richter GM. Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? BIOENERGY RESEARCH 2015; 8:1057-1080. [PMID: 26855689 PMCID: PMC4732603 DOI: 10.1007/s12155-014-9571-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) changes associated with land conversion to energy crops are central to the debate on bioenergy and their potential carbon neutrality. Here, the experimental evidence on SOC under perennial energy crops (PECs) is synthesised to parameterise a whole systems model and to identify uncertainties and knowledge gaps determining PECs being a sink or source of greenhouse gas (GHG). For Miscanthus and willow (Salix spp.) and their analogues (switchgrass, poplar), we examine carbon (C) allocation to above- and belowground residue inputs, turnover rates and retention in the soil. A meta-analysis showed that studies on dry matter partitioning and C inputs to soils are plentiful, whilst data on turnover are rare and rely on few isotopic C tracer studies. Comprehensive studies on SOC dynamics and GHG emissions under PECs are limited and subsoil processes and C losses through leaching remain unknown. Data showed dynamic changes of gross C inputs and SOC stocks depending on stand age. C inputs and turnover can now be specifically parameterised in whole PEC system models, whilst dependencies on soil texture, moisture and temperature remain empirical. In conclusion, the annual net SOC storage change exceeds the minimum mitigation requirement (0.25 Mg C ha-1 year-1) under herbaceous and woody perennials by far (1.14 to 1.88 and 0.63 to 0.72 Mg C ha-1 year-1, respectively). However, long-term time series of field data are needed to verify sustainable SOC enrichment, as the physical and chemical stabilities of SOC pools remain uncertain, although they are essential in defining the sustainability of C sequestration (half-life >25 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Agostini
- Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ UK
| | - Andrew S. Gregory
- Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ UK
| | - Goetz M. Richter
- Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ UK
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Fortier J, Truax B, Gagnon D, Lambert F. Root biomass and soil carbon distribution in hybrid poplar riparian buffers, herbaceous riparian buffers and natural riparian woodlots on farmland. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:539. [PMID: 24255839 PMCID: PMC3825063 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to compare coarse root (diameter > 2 mm) and fine root (diameter < 2 mm) biomass, as well as distribution of soil carbon stocks in 3 types of riparian land uses across 4 sites located in farmland of southern Québec, Canada: (1) hybrid poplar buffers (9th growing season); (2) herbaceous buffers; (3) natural woodlots (varying in tree species and age). For all land uses most of the root biomass was within the 0–20 cm depth range. Total coarse root biomass, to a 60 cm depth, ranged from 8.8-73.7 t/ha in woodlots, 0.6-1.3 t/ha in herbaceous buffers, and 9.2-27.3 t/ha in poplars. Total fine root biomass ranged from 2.68-8.64 t/ha in woodlots, 2.60-3.29 t/ha in herbaceous buffers, and 1.86-2.62 t/ha in poplars. Total root biomass was similar or higher in poplar buffers compared to a 27 year-old grey birch forest. This indicates that poplar buffers accelerated riparian soil colonisation by roots compared to natural secondary succession. Generally, fine root biomass in the surface soil (0–20 cm) was lower in poplar than in herbaceous buffers; the reverse was observed at greater depth. Highest coarse root biomass in the 40–60 cm depth range was observed in a poplar buffer, highlighting the deep rooted nature of poplars. On average, total soil C stocks (0–60 cm) were greater in woodlots than in riparian buffers. On most sites, soil C stocks tended to be lower in poplar buffers compared to adjacent herbaceous buffers, especially in surface soil, probably because of lower fine root biomass in poplar buffers. Across all sites and land uses, highest soil C stocks at the different soil depths were found in the soil layers of woodlots that also had the greatest fine root biomass. Strong positive linear relationships between fine root biomass and soil C stocks in the 0–20 cm depth range (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001), and in the whole soil profile (0–60 cm) (R2 = 0.65, p < 0.01), highlight the central role of fine root biomass in maintaining or increasing soil C stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Fortier
- Fiducie de recherche sur la forêt des Cantons-de-l'Est / Eastern Townships Forest Research Trust, 1 rue Principale, J0B 2M0 Saint-Benoît-du-Lac, QC Canada ; Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, H3C 3P8 succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC Canada
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Above Ground Leafless Woody Biomass and Nutrient Content within Different Compartments of a P. maximowicii × P. trichocarpa Poplar Clone. FORESTS 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/f4020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fang S, Liu D, Tian Y, Deng S, Shang X. Tree species composition influences enzyme activities and microbial biomass in the rhizosphere: a rhizobox approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61461. [PMID: 23637838 PMCID: PMC3630193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoculture causes nutrient losses and leads to declines in soil fertility and biomass production over successive cultivation. The rhizosphere, a zone of usually high microbial activities and clearly distinct from bulk soil, is defined as the volume of soil around living roots and influenced by root activities. Here we investigated enzyme activities and microbial biomass in the rhizosphere under different tree compositions. Six treatments with poplar, willow, and alder mono- or mixed seedlings were grown in rhizoboxes. Enzyme activities associated with nitrogen cycling and microbial biomass were measured in all rhizosphere and bulk soils. Both enzyme activities and microbial biomass in the rhizosphere differed significantly tree compositions. Microbial biomass contents were more sensitive to the changes of the rhizosphere environment than enzyme activities. Tree species coexistence did not consistently increase tested enzyme activities and microbial biomass, but varied depending on the complementarities of species traits. In general, impacts of tree species and coexistence were more pronounced on microbial composition than total biomass, evidenced by differences in microbial biomass C/N ratios stratified across the rhizosphere soils. Compared to poplar clone monoculture, other tree species addition obviously increased rhizosphere urease activity, but greatly reduced rhizosphere L-asparaginase activity. Poplar growth was enhanced only when coexisted with alder. Our results suggested that a highly productive or keystone plant species in a community had greater influence over soil functions than the contribution of diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzuo Fang
- College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Liu
- College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiping Deng
- College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Xulan Shang
- College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Liu Y, Liu C, Wang S, Guo K, Yang J, Zhang X, Li G. Organic carbon storage in four ecosystem types in the karst region of southwestern China. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56443. [PMID: 23451047 PMCID: PMC3581528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Karst ecosystems are important landscape types that cover about 12% of the world's land area. The role of karst ecosystems in the global carbon cycle remains unclear, due to the lack of an appropriate method for determining the thickness of the solum, a representative sampling of the soil and data of organic carbon stocks at the ecosystem level. The karst region in southwestern China is the largest in the world. In this study, we estimated biomass, soil quantity and ecosystem organic carbon stocks in four vegetation types typical of karst ecosystems in this region, shrub grasslands (SG), thorn shrubbery (TS), forest - shrub transition (FS) and secondary forest (F). The results showed that the biomass of SG, TS, FS, and F is 0.52, 0.85, 5.9 and 19.2 kg m(-2), respectively and the corresponding organic cabon storage is 0.26, 0.40, 2.83 and 9.09 kg m(-2), respectively. Nevertheless, soil quantity and corresponding organic carbon storage are very small in karst habitats. The quantity of fine earth overlaying the physical weathering zone of the carbonate rock of SG, TS, FS and F is 38.10, 99.24, 29.57 and 61.89 kg m(-2), respectively, while the corresponding organic carbon storage is only 3.34, 4.10, 2.37, 5.25 kg m(-2), respectively. As a whole, ecosystem organic carbon storage of SG, TS, FS, and F is 3.81, 4.72, 5.68 and 15.1 kg m(-2), respectively. These are very low levels compared to other ecosystems in non-karst areas. With the restoration of degraded vegetation, karst ecosystems in southwestern China may play active roles in mitigating the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Ke Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinshi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhong L, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Sui P, Wang J, Wang M. Antimicrobial flavonoids from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides. Nat Prod Res 2011; 26:307-13. [PMID: 21416454 DOI: 10.1080/14786411003675667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract from the twigs of the hybrid poplar 'Neva', Populus nigra L. × Populus deltoides Marsh, led to the isolation of three flavonoids, which were identified by means of spectrometric and physicochemical analysis as 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-flavone (1), 5,7-dihydoxy-flavone (2) and 5,7-dihydroxy-flavonol (3). These compounds were further screened for their antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens, including three bacteria (Pseudomonas lachrymans, Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas vesicatoria) and one fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae). Compounds 2 and 3 showed significant antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 15 to 25 µg mL(-1), and median inhibitory concentrations (IC(50) values) from 4 to 18 µg mL(-1). The results obtained provide promising baseline information for the potential use of the extract and flavonoids from this plant as antimicrobial agents to help control plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang J, Shangguan T, Meng Z. Changes in soil carbon flux and carbon stock over a rotation of poplar plantations in northwest China. Ecol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-010-0772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rooney DC, Killham K, Bending GD, Baggs E, Weih M, Hodge A. Mycorrhizas and biomass crops: opportunities for future sustainable development. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2009; 14:542-9. [PMID: 19748301 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Central to soil health and plant productivity in natural ecosystems are in situ soil microbial communities, of which mycorrhizal fungi are an integral component, regulating nutrient transfer between plants and the surrounding soil via extensive mycelial networks. Such networks are supported by plant-derived carbon and are likely to be enhanced under coppiced biomass plantations, a forestry practice that has been highlighted recently as a viable means of providing an alternative source of energy to fossil fuels, with potentially favourable consequences for carbon mitigation. Here, we explore ways in which biomass forestry, in conjunction with mycorrhizal fungi, can offer a more holistic approach to addressing several topical environmental issues, including 'carbon-neutral' energy, ecologically sustainable land management and CO(2) sequestration.
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