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Dai J, Zhao X, Mu S, Yang Q, Zhao C, Zhao Z. A novel polysaccharide-based bioflocculant produced by Bacillus subtilis 35A and its application in the treatment of dye decolorization, heavy metal ion adsorption and meat product wastewater. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1457909. [PMID: 39238890 PMCID: PMC11374711 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1457909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Optimizing the fermentation process of microorganisms with exceptional bioflocculant-producing capabilities is crucial for the production of bioflocculants. The application of bioflocculants to various pollutants highlights their significant advantages in water treatment. Therefore, the culture conditions of Bacillus subtilis 35A with exceptional bioflocculant-producing capabilities were optimized. The bioflocculant (MBF) was obtained by alcohol percipitation from the fermentation supernatant, and its physicochemical properties were analyzed to explore its application in the treatment of dyes, heavy metal ions, and organic wastewater. The results indicate that, using cyclodextrin and yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources, after 48 h of fermentation at the initial pH, the bioflocculant (MBF-35A) yielded 10.47 g/L with a flocculation rate of 96.57% for kaolin suspension. The chemical analysis demonstrated that MBF-35A is mainly composed of polysaccharide (81.74%) and protein (16.42%). FITR and XPS analysis indicated that MBF-35A mainly contains major elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, with functional groups (-OH, C-O, C-H, and C-O-C) that are beneficial for flocculation. MBF-35A exhibited a dye decolorization efficiency exceeding 95% and removed 41.05 and 48.93% of Cr6+ and Cu2+ ions, respectively. In meat wastewater treatment, the effective removal rates of ammonia nitrogen (26.87%), COD (51.16%), total nitrogen (37.76%), and total phosphorus (55.81%) highlight its potential in organic waste treatment. In brief, not only does MBF-35A exhibit efficient production and excellent flocculation performance as a bioflocculant, but it also shows significant biological and environmental benefits in dye, heavy metal ions, and organic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Dai
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Xingxiu Zhao
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Shengdong Mu
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Qinghuan Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Changqing Zhao
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Show S, Akhter R, Paul I, Das P, Bal M, Bhattacharya R, Bose D, Mondal A, Saha S, Halder G. Efficacy of exopolysaccharide in dye-laden wastewater treatment: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141753. [PMID: 38531498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The discharge of dye-laden wastewater into the water streams causes severe water and soil pollution, which poses a global threat to aquatic ecosystems and humans. A diverse array of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) of different compositions and exhibit great bioflocculation potency to sustainably eradicate dyes from water bodies. Nanomodified chemical composites of EPS enable their recyclability during dye-laden wastewater treatment. Nevertheless, the selection of potent EPS-producing strains and physiological parameters of microbial growth and the remediation process could influence the removal efficiency of EPS. This review will intrinsically discuss the fundamental importance of EPS from diverse microbial origins and their nanomodified chemical composites, the mechanisms in EPS-mediated bioremediation of dyes, and the parametric influences on EPS-mediated dye removal through sorption/bioflocculation. This review will pave the way for designing and adopting futuristic green and sustainable EPS-based bioremediation strategies for dye-laden wastewater in situ and ex situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramisa Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Indrani Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India
| | - Payal Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Manisha Bal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Riya Bhattacharya
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Debajyoti Bose
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Vedanta College, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Shouvik Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gopinath Halder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India.
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Qin S, Li Q, Dou J, Man Y, Wu L, Tian H, Jiang M, Liu G. Isolation and characterization of Stenotrophomonas pavanii GXUN74707 with efficient flocculation performance and application in wastewater treatment. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1367043. [PMID: 38737412 PMCID: PMC11082306 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1367043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of microorganisms with excellent flocculants-producing capability and optimization of the fermentation process are necessary for the wide-scale application of bioflocculants. Therefore, we isolated and identified a highly efficient flocculation performance strain of Stenotrophomonas pavanii GXUN74707 from the sludge. The optimal fermentation and flocculation conditions of strain S. pavanii GXUN74707 was in fermentation medium with glucose and urea as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, at pH 7.0 for 36 h, which treatment of kaolin suspension with 0.5 mL of the fermentation broth resulted in a flocculation rate of 99.0%. The bioflocculant synthesized by strain S. pavanii GXUN74707 was found mainly in the supernatant of the fermentation broth. Chemical analysis revealed that the pure bioflocculant consisted of 79.70% carbohydrates and 14.38% proteins. The monosaccharide components of MBF-GXUN74707 are mainly mannose (5.96 μg/mg), galactose (1.86 μg/mg), and glucose (1.73 μg/mg). Infrared spectrometric analysis showed the presence of carboxyl (COO-), hydroxyl (-OH) groups. The SEM images showed clumps of rod-shaped bacteria with adhesion of extracellular products. Furthermore, the strain decolored dye wastewater containing direct black, direct blue, and Congo red by 89.2%, 95.1%, 94.1%, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) removal rates after treatment of aquaculture wastewater with the fermentation broth were 68% and 23%, respectively. This study is the first to report the performance and application of strain Stenotrophomonas pavanii in wastewater flocculation. The results indicate that strain S. pavanii is a good candidate for the production novel bioflocculants and demonstrates its potential industrial practicality in biotechnology processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingguo Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
| | - Guofang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
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Rodrigues F, Faria M, Mendonça I, Sousa E, Ferreira A, Cordeiro N. Efficacy of bacterial cellulose hydrogel in microfiber removal from contaminated waters: A sustainable approach to wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170846. [PMID: 38342467 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Microfibers (MFs), the dominant form of microplastics in ecosystems, pose a significant environmental risk due to the inadequacy of existing wastewater treatments to remove them. Recognising the need to develop sustainable solutions to tackle this environmental challenge, this research aimed to find an eco-friendly solution to the pervasive problem of MFs contaminating water bodies. Unused remnants of bacterial cellulose (BC) were ground to form a hydrogel-form of bacterial cellulose (BCH) and used as a potential bioflocculant for polyacrylonitrile MFs. The flocculation efficiency was evaluated across various operational and environmental factors, employing response surface methodology computational modelling to elucidate and model their impact on the process. The results revealed that the BCH:MFs ratio and mixing intensity were key factors in flocculation efficiency, with BCH resilient across a range of environmental conditions, achieving a 93.6 % average removal rate. The BCH's strong retention of MFs released only 8.3 % of the MFs, after a 24-hour wash, and the flocculation tests in contaminated wastewater and chlorinated water yielded 89.3 % and 86.1 % efficiency, respectively. Therefore, BCH presents a viable, sustainable, and effective approach for removing MFs from MFs-contaminated water, exhibiting exceptional flocculation performance and adaptability. This pioneer study using BCH as a bioflocculant for MFs removal sets a new standard in sustainable wastewater treatment, catalysing research on fibrous pollutant mitigation for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Rodrigues
- LB3-Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Faria
- LB3-Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ivana Mendonça
- LB3-Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Edward Sousa
- LB3-Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Artur Ferreira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Águeda School of Technology and Management, University of Aveiro, Águeda, Portugal
| | - Nereida Cordeiro
- LB3-Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal.
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Sun X, Zhang G, Shi Y, Zhu D, Cheng L. Efficient flocculation pretreatment of coal gasification wastewater by halophilic bacterium Halovibrio variabilis TG-5. Extremophiles 2024; 28:11. [PMID: 38240933 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-023-01328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The isolated halophilic bacterial strain Halovibrio variabilis TG-5 showed a good performance in the pretreatment of coal gasification wastewater. With the optimum culture conditions of pH = 7, a temperature of 46 °C, and a salinity of 15%, the chemical oxygen demand and volatile phenol content of pretreated wastewater were decreased to 1721 mg/L and 94 mg/L, respectively. The removal rates of chemical oxygen demand and volatile phenol were over 90% and 70%, respectively. At the optimum salinity conditions of 15%, the total yield of intracellular compatible solutes and the extracellular transient released yield under hypotonic conditions were increased to 6.88 g/L and 3.45 g/L, respectively. The essential compatible solutes such as L-lysine, L-valine, and betaine were important in flocculation mechanism in wastewater pretreatment. This study provided a new method for pretreating coal gasification wastewater by halophilic microorganisms, and revealed the crucial roles of compatible solutes in the flocculation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangsheng Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamin Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Daling Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
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An Q, Deng SM, Zhao B, Huang C, Yang JX. Bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3 and behavior of polysaccharides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113436. [PMID: 37406463 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances (B-EPS), which were extracted from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3. The flocculation efficiency of B-EPS achieved about 80%- 95% with an initial pH of 4-7, kaolin concentrations of 3-7 g L-1, temperature of 25-100 ℃ and B-EPS dosage of 9-105 mg L-1. The bioflocculation process of B-EPS conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetic mode, suggesting that the bioflocculation belonged to chemical adsorption process. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments demonstrated that both polysaccharides and proteins were active components for bioflocculation. The polysaccharides were irregular aggregates with rough and porous surfaces and contained hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which helped to promote bridging effect. Ribose, glucose and galactose were the main monosaccharides of polysaccharides. The molecular weight of the polysaccharides was relatively small, but the relatively loose configuration exposed more ion bridging sites, thus promoting the bioflocculation. Optimizing the ingredients of culture medium and culture time for B-EPS were effective strategies to increase the yield of flocculation active components. When the conditions were 10% of 2 g L-1 KH2PO4 + 5 g L-1 K2HPO4, 0.05% of Tween-80, citrate as carbon source and 32-48 h of culture time, both proteins and polysaccharides in B-EPS were significantly improved. This study gives an in-deep understanding on the flocculation characteristics of a novel bioflocculant from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3, which is conducive to the widespread application of bioflocculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang An
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Shu Man Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Chuang Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Ji Xiang Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, PR China
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Mohamed Hatta NS, Lau SW, Chua HB, Takeo M, Sen TK, Mubarak NM, Khalid M, Zairin DA. Parametric and kinetic studies of activated sludge dewatering by cationic chitosan-like bioflocculant BF01314 produced from Citrobacter youngae. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115527. [PMID: 36822539 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial strains belonging to Citrobacter spp. were reported to produce polysaccharides consisting of N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine like chitosan, with high flocculation activity. In this work, the flocculation dewatering performance of activated sludge conditioned by a novel cationic chitosan-like bioflocculant (BF) named BF01314, produced from Citrobacter youngae GTC 01314, was evaluated under the influences of flocculant dosage, pH, and temperature. At BF dosage as low as 0.5 kg/t DS, the sludge dewaterability was significantly enhanced in comparison to the raw (untreated) sludge, featuring well-flocculated characteristic (reduction in CST from 22.0 s to 9.4 s) and good sludge filterability with reduced resistance (reduction in SRF by one order from 7.42 × 1011 to 9.59 × 1010 m/kg) and increased compactness of sludge (increase in CSC from 15.2 to 23.2%). Besides, the BF demonstrated comparable high sludge dewatering performance within the pH range between 2 and 8, and temperature range between 25 °C and 80 °C. Comparison between the BF, the pristine chitosan and the commercial cationic copolymer MF 7861 demonstrated equivalent performance with enhanced dewaterability at the dosage between 2.0 and 3.0 kg/t DS. Besides, the BF demonstrated strong flocculation activity (>99%) when added to the sludge suspension using moderate to high flocculation speeds (100-200 rpm) with at least 3-min mixing time. The BF's reaction in sludge flocculation was best fitted with a pseudo first-order kinetic model. Electrostatic charge patching and polymer bridging mechanisms are believed to be the dominant mechanistic phenomena during the BF's sludge conditioning process (coagulation-flocculation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syahirah Mohamed Hatta
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Shiew Wei Lau
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Han Bing Chua
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Masahiro Takeo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Tushar Kanti Sen
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Danial Aminin Zairin
- Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zhang M, Hou J, Yang Z, Wu M, Wu J, Miao L. A new efficient tannin-based flocculant made by a new modification idea: multiple rounds of Mannich reaction with aminated tannins as ammonia chloride. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34996-35008. [PMID: 36525193 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research provided a new modification idea and made a new high-efficiency plant-based flocculant through the three rounds of reactions using tannin, formaldehyde, and ammonia chloride. Tannins as a concerned natural flocculant are mainly through a round of Mannich reaction to cationic modification now. This research provided a new cationic modification idea with the three rounds of Mannich reactions to obtain a modified tannin with a larger molecular weight and more complex structure. The synthesis and flocculation tests were conducted to study the effects of rounds of reaction, reactants ratio, reaction time of each round, and pH on the flocculation ability of the synthetically modified tannins. The increased flocculation capacity of modified tannins occurred with the increased rounds of reactions by increasing the electric neutralization and bridging capacity. The results of this research showed the increased flocculation capacity of the modified tannins with the increased ratio ((formaldehyde or ammonium chloride)/tannin). The flocculation capacity of the modified tannins is the greatest in the appropriate reaction time of each round (4 + 4 h) and pH (pH = 2). According to model fitting, the optimal synthesis condition is 1:6.094:6.094, 7.092 h, and pH = 2.476, which has been tested experimentally. The new modification idea and new high-efficiency modified tannin are very meaningful to the application of environmentally friendly flocculants and to solve the disadvantages of traditional chemical flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development On Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development On Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Zijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development On Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Miao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development On Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development On Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Lingzhan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development On Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Mendonça I, Sousa J, Cunha C, Faria M, Ferreira A, Cordeiro N. Solving urban water microplastics with bacterial cellulose hydrogels: Leveraging predictive computational models. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137719. [PMID: 36592831 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of microplastics (MPs) in both urban and aquatic ecosystems is concerning, with wastewater treatment plants being considered one of the major sources of the issue. As the focus on developing sustainable solutions increases, unused remnants from bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes were ground to form BC hydrogels as potential bioflocculants of MPs. The influence of operational parameters such as BC:MPs ratio, hydrogel grinding, immersion and mixing time, temperature, pH, ionic strength, and metal cations on MPs flocculation and dispersion were evaluated. A response surface methodology based on experimental data sets was computed to understand how these parameters influence the flocculation process. Further, both the BC hydrogel and the hetero-aggregation of MPs were characterised by UV-Vis, ATR-FTIR, IGC, water uptake assays, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. These highlights that the BC hydrogel would be fully effective at hetero-aggregating MPs in naturally-occurring concentrations, thereby not constituting a limiting performance factor for MPs' optimal flocculation and aggregation. Even considering exceptionally high concentrations of MPs (2 g/L) that far exceed naturally-occurring concentrations, the BC hydrogel was shown to have elevated MPs flocculation activity (reaching 88.6%: 1.77 g/L). The computation of bioflocculation activity showed high reliability in predicting flocculation performance, unveiling that the BC:MPs ratio and grinding times were the most critical variables modulating flocculation rates. Also, short exposure times (5 min) were sufficient to drive robust particle aggregation. The microporous nature of the hydrogel revealed by electron microscopy is the likely driver of strong MPs bioflocculant activity, far outperforming dispersive commercial bioflocculants like xanthan gum and alginate. This pilot study provides convincing evidence that even BC remainings can be used to produce highly potent and circular bioflocculators of MPs, with prospective application in the wastewater treatment industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mendonça
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jessica Sousa
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - César Cunha
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Marisa Faria
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Artur Ferreira
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials and Águeda School of Technology and Management, University of Aveiro, 3754-909, Águeda, Portugal
| | - Nereida Cordeiro
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Liu Y, Zeng Y, Yang J, Chen P, Sun Y, Wang M, Ma Y. A bioflocculant from Corynebacterium glutamicum and its application in acid mine wastewater treatment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1136473. [PMID: 36926688 PMCID: PMC10011464 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1136473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many microorganisms have been found to produce bioflocculants, and bioflocculants have been considered as attractive alternatives to chemical flocculants in wastewater treatment, there are few reports on bioflocculants from the safe strain C. glutamicum, and the application of bioflocculants in acid wastewater treatment is also rare attributed to the high content of metal ions and high acidity of the water. In this study, a novel bioflocculant produced by Corynebacterium glutamicum Cg1-P30 was investigated. An optimal production of this bioflocculant with a yield of 0.52 g/L was achieved by Box-Behnken design, using 12.20 g/L glucose, 4.00 g/L corn steep liquor and 3.60 g/L urea as carbon and nitrogen source. The structural characterization revealed that the bioflocculant was mainly composed of 37.50% neutral sugar, 10.03% uronic acid, 6.32% aminosugar and 16.51% protein. Carboxyl, amine and hydroxyl groups were the functional groups in flocculation. The biofocculant was thermally stable and dependent on metal ions and acidic pH, showing a good flocculating activity of 91.92% at the dosage of 25 mg/L by aid of 1.0 mM Fe3+ at pH 2.0. Due to these unique properties, the bioflocculant could efficiently remove metal ions such as Fe, Al, Zn, and Pb from the real acid mine wastewater sample without pH adjustment, and meanwhile made the acid mine wastewater solution become clear with an increased neutral pH. These findings suggested the great potential application of the non-toxic bioflocculant from C. glutamicum Cg1-P30 in acid mine wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiangang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanxia Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
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11
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Zeng F, Zhou H, Lin X, Li Y, Liang Y, Xie Q, Atakpa EO, Shen C, Zhang C. Enhanced remediation of fracturing flowback fluids by the combined application of a bioflocculant/biosurfactant-producing Bacillus sp. SS15 and its metabolites. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134870. [PMID: 35537625 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fracturing flowback fluids (FFFs), which is generated from the process of oil and gas exploitation, is one of the major environmental concerns. In this study, a bacterial strain, Bacillus sp. SS15, capable of producing both bioflocculant (BF) and biosurfactant (BS), was isolated from oil-contaminated mudflat sediment. The BS produced by SS15 was identified as lipopeptide, which could reduce the surface tension of water from 74.2 mN/m to 36.6 mN/m with a critical micelle concentration of 44.4 mg/L. It also exhibited strong tolerance against a wide range of pH (2-12), temperature (4-60 °C), and salinity (0-100 g/L). Meanwhile, the BF produced by SS15 exhibited high flocculating activity (84.9%) for kaolin suspension, and was confirmed to be thermostable, salt-tolerant, and alkaliphilic. The combined treatment of bioremediation (introducing SS15 and BS) followed by flocculation (introducing BF) greatly promoted the removal of chroma (85.7% reduction), suspended solids (94.4% reduction), chemical oxygen demand (84.9% reduction), n-alkanes (50.0% reduction), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (66.5% reduction), respectively. The genome analysis showed that strain SS15 possessed abundant genes related to the synthesis of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid, which might play an important role in BF and BS synthesis. The findings in this study demonstrated that Bacillus sp. SS15 has promising prospect in the remediation of FFFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China; Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanghai Zhou
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lin
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China.
| | - Yanpeng Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Qinglin Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China
| | | | - Chaofeng Shen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Isolation of a Marine Bacterium and Application of Its Bioflocculant in Wastewater Treatment. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioflocculation has become the method of choice in wastewater treatment because of its effectiveness, environmental friendliness and innocuousness to humans. In this study, the bioflocculant-producing bacterium was isolated and its bioflocculant was used in wastewater treatment. The isolate was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Its culture conditions (inoculum size, carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, temperature and time) were optimised using the one-factor-at-a-time assay. The cytotoxicity of the bioflocculant was assessed on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco2) by tetrazolium-based colorimetric method. The ability of the bioflocculant to reduce biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater was evaluated using Jar test. The bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis CSM5 and the maximum flocculating activity of 92% was observed when fructose and urea were used as nutrients and the culture conditions were adjusted to 30 °C, pH 9, 160 rpm and 72 h of incubation. Caco2 exhibited 90% viability when the highest bioflocculant concentration of 200 µg/µL was used. The reduction of BOD and COD was achieved at 59 ± 3.1 and 75 ± 0.4%, respectively. In conclusion, B. subtilis CSM5 is a good candidate for bioflocculant production and its bioflocculant has good potential for use in wastewater treatment.
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Jebun N, Alam MZ, Mamun AA, Ahmad Raus R. Novel Myco-Coagulant Produced by Lentinus squarrosulus for Removal of Water Turbidity: Fungal Identification and Flocculant Characterization. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020192. [PMID: 35205945 PMCID: PMC8877031 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several river water fungal strains (RWF-1 to RWF-6) were isolated to investigate the potential of having coagulant properties from the metabolites produced by the fungus. The myco-coagulant produced from the liquid-state process was characterized and tested for flocculation of kaolin water. Molecular identification of the fungal strain isolated from river water and characterization of the myco-coagulant produced by the strain are presented in this paper. The genomic DNA of the fungal 18S ribosomal ribonucleic-acid (rRNA) and 28S rRNA genes were used and the species was identified as Lentinus squarrosulus strain 7-4-2 RWF-5. The characterization of myco-coagulant by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that hydroxyl, carbonyl, amide and amine groups as principal functional groups were present in the new myco-coagulant. The mean zeta potential value of the myco-coagulant was −7.0 mV while the kaolin solution was −25.2 mV. Chemical analyses of the extracellular myco-coagulant revealed that it contained total sugar (5.17 g/L), total carbohydrate (237 mg/L), protein (295.4 mg/L), glucosamine (1.152 mg/L); and exhibited cellulase activity (20 units/L) and laccase activity (6.22 units/L). Elemental analyses of C, H, O, N and S showed that the weight fractions of each element in the myco-coagulant was 40.9, 6.0, 49.8, 1.7 and 1.4%, respectively. The myco-coagulant showed 97% flocculation activity at a dose of 1.8 mg/L, indicating good flocculation performance compared to that of polyaluminum chloride (PAC). The present work revealed that the fungal strain, L. squarrosulus 7-4-2 RWF-5 is able to produce cationic bio-coagulant. The flocculation mechanism of the novel myco-coagulant was a combination of polymer bridging and charge neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessa Jebun
- Department of Biology, Presidency International School, Chattogram 4217, Bangladesh;
| | - Md Zahangir Alam
- Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre (BERC), Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-642144571; Fax: +60-3-64214442
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre (BERC), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia;
| | - Raha Ahmad Raus
- Bioprocess and Molecular Engineering Research Unit (BPMERU), Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia;
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Xia M, Zhou H, Amanze C, Hu L, Shen L, Yu R, Liu Y, Chen M, Li J, Wu X, Qiu G, Zeng W. A novel polysaccharides-based bioflocculant produced by Bacillus subtilis ZHX3 and its application in the treatment of multiple pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133185. [PMID: 34883128 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A high bioflocculant-producing bacterial strain was identified and named Bacillus subtilis ZHX3. Single-factor experiments suggested that 10 g/L starch and 5 g/L yeast extract were optimal for strain ZHX3 to produce bioflocculant MBF-ZHX3. The maximum flocculating rate reached 95.5%, and 3.14 g/L product was extracted after 3 days of cultivation. MBF-ZHX3 was mainly composed of polysaccharides (77.2%) and protein (14.8%). The polysaccharides contained 28.9% uronic acid and 3.7% amino sugar. Rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, and galacturonic acid in a molar ratio of 0.35:1.83:3.09:12.66:0.46:3.81 were detected. MBF-ZHX3 had a molecular weight of 10,028 Da and contained abundant groups (-OH, CO, >PO, C-O-C) contributing to flocculation. Adsorption and bridging was considered as the main flocculation mechanism. MBF-ZHX3 was more effective in decolorizing dyes, removing heavy metals and flotation reagents compared to polyacrylamide. The results implied that MBF-ZHX3 has the potential to substitute polyacrylamide in wastewater treatment because of its excellent biological and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchen Xia
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Han Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Charles Amanze
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lan Hu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Runlan Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yuandong Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Miao Chen
- CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xueling Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Guanzhou Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weimin Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China; CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
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Mohd-Salleh SNA, Mohd-Zin NS, Othman N, Gopalakrishnan Y, Abu-Bakar N. Treat-ability of Manihot esculenta Peel Extract as Coagulant Aid for Stabilised Leachate. PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.47836/pjst.29.3.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Agro-waste can be commercialised into another useful product such as natural coagulant for wastewater treatment. The purpose of this study was to quantify the ability of agro-waste (Manihot esculenta peel extract (MEP)) as an aid alongside the utilisation of chemical coagulant (polyaluminium chloride (PAC)) based on the removal percentages of selected parameters at the optimum coagulant dosage and pH of stabilised leachate. Series of jar tests were used to compare the leachate treatments using single and the dual coagulant of PAC and MEP with respective standard methods to analyse the removal parameters, i.e., Colorimetric (APHA Method:5220 C, HACH Method:8000) for chemical oxygen demand (COD), Conductimetric (APHA Method: 4500-N, HACH Method: 8038) for ammonia nitrogen (AN), Nephelometric (APHA Method:2130) for turbidity, Spectrophotometric (APHA Method: 2120 B, HACH Method: 8025) for colour, and Gravimetric (APHA Method:2540 D, HACH Method:630) for suspended solids (SS). Leachate treatment using the application of single PAC coagulant at the optimum conditions of 3,750 mg/L dosage and pH 6.0 of leachate managed to remove about 54.1%, 28%, 91.1%, 98%, and 98% for COD, AN, turbidity, colour, and SS, respectively. Meanwhile, by using dual coagulant at the optimum dosages of 3,500 mg/L (PAC) and 250 mg/L (MEP), and pH 7.0 of leachate, the treatment achieved higher removal except for the colour parameter. The final removal outcomes of this study were 58.3% of COD, 34% of AN, 96.9% of turbidity, 92.1% of colour, and 99% of SS. The application of MEP as coagulant aid also managed to reduce the aluminium (Al) content in PAC dosage from 577.5 mg/L to 539.0 mg/L without affecting much of its efficiency.
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Liu C, Sun D, Liu J, Zhu J, Liu W. Recent advances and perspectives in efforts to reduce the production and application cost of microbial flocculants. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:51. [PMID: 38650196 PMCID: PMC10992557 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial flocculants are macromolecular substances produced by microorganisms. Due to its non-toxic, harmless, and biodegradable advantages, microbial flocculants have been widely used in various industrial fields, such as wastewater treatment, microalgae harvest, activated sludge dewatering, heavy metal ion adsorption, and nanoparticle synthesis, especially in the post-treatment process of fermentation with high safety requirement. However, compared with the traditional inorganic flocculants and organic polymeric flocculants, the high production cost is the main bottleneck that restricts the large-scale production and application of microbial flocculants. To reduce the production cost of microbial flocculant, a series of efforts have been carried out and some exciting research progresses have been achieved. This paper summarized the research advances in the last decade, including the screening of high-yield strains and the construction of genetically engineered strains, search of cheap alternative medium, the extraction and preservation methods, microbial flocculants production as an incidental product of other biological processes, combined use of traditional flocculant and microbial flocculant, and the production of microbial flocculant promoted by inducer. Moreover, this paper prospects the future research directions to further reduce the production cost of microbial flocculants, thereby promoting the industrial production and large-scale application of microbial flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingrong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Fang K, Wang B, Zhang Y, Li H. Optimized production and characterization of cation-independent bioflocculant produced by Klebsiella sp. 59L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:7981-7993. [PMID: 33043421 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The cation-independent bioflocculant (59LF) extracted from Klebsiella sp. 59L was characterized. 59LF consisted of protein (4.8%) and total sugar (85.2%) with high molecular weight (93.82% of 2120 kDa), and total sugar was composed of 76.45% of neutral sugar, 3.65% of uronic acid, and 1.43% of amino sugar. Results indicated that 59LF was pH tolerant and thermally stable, and the maximum yield of 59LF was 4.078 g/L after 48 h culture. The optimal flocculating activity for Kaolin particles was obtained when the dosage of 59LF was 7.0 mg/L without additional metal ions as coagulant aids. Furthermore, the surface properties of 59LF were observed using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, whereas a porous structure was detected by a scanning electron microscope. Thus, a primary flocculation mechanism of 59LF was proposed. This study provided a potential cation-independent bioflocculant with high productivity and low dosage in future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Fang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Boji Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongjing Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Maćczak P, Kaczmarek H, Ziegler-Borowska M. Recent Achievements in Polymer Bio-Based Flocculants for Water Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3951. [PMID: 32906667 PMCID: PMC7559979 DOI: 10.3390/ma13183951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymer flocculants are used to promote solid-liquid separation processes in potable water and wastewater treatment. Recently, bio-based flocculants have received a lot of attention due to their superior advantages over conventional synthetic polymers or inorganic agents. Among natural polymers, polysaccharides show many benefits such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, ability to undergo different chemical modifications, and wide accessibility from renewable sources. The following article provides an overview of bio-based flocculants and their potential application in water treatment, which may be an indication to look for safer alternatives compared to synthetic polymers. Based on the recent literature, a new approach in searching for biopolymer flocculants sources, flocculation mechanisms, test methods, and factors affecting this process are presented. Particular attention is paid to flocculants based on starch, cellulose, chitosan, and their derivatives because they are low-cost and ecological materials, accepted in industrial practice. New trends in water treatment technology, including biosynthetic polymers, nanobioflocculants, and stimulant-responsive flocculants are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Maćczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
- Water Supply and Sewage Enterprise LLC, Przemysłowa 4, 99-300 Kutno, Poland
| | - Halina Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
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Vimala RTV, Lija Escaline J, Murugan K, Sivaramakrishnan S. An overview of organic matters in municipal wastewater: Removal via self-assembly flocculating mechanism and the molecular level characterization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 266:110572. [PMID: 32392138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On considering the critical issues in attaining stringent water quality standards and not creating any environmental impacts, we focused for the first time the economically feasible, emerging technology known as Self-assembly flocculating (Saf process). In which, the study investigated the applicability of bioflocculant (a biopolymer-self-assembly in nature) act as a surrogates on relying the removal of broad spectrum of substances under optimized conditions (Dosage: 90 mg/L; pH: 7; CaCl2). On using different techniques, the results have proved in removing the organic matter such as pharmaceuticals (Gentamycin, Cholecalciferol, Fluvoxamine, 3-OH Desogestrel, and Pheniramine), endocrine disturbing compounds [Phthalic acid, Benzene, 1, 2, 4 -Trimethoxy-5-(1-Propenyl)-, Benzene, 1, 2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-Propenyl)-, 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid, 3-Cyclohexen-1-ol], fluorescent components (Polysaccharide like material), and others. The toxicological assessment of self-assembly bioflocculant implemented on zebra fish were statistically correlated [r = 0.95, p < 0.01 and 0.05 for P1WW; r = 0.91, p < 0.01 and 0.05 for P2WW] and [r = 0.7 5, p < 0.05 for P1WT; r = 0.095, p < 0.01 and 0.05 for P2WT]. This integrated approach supplemented further information of zeta potential (-16 mV in P1WW and -14.6 mV in P2WW decreased to -1.05 mV and -1.56 mV) with particle size distribution to explain via Saf process. In this research, the new insight has established non-toxic, self-assembly, biodegradable, bioflocculant for effective bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T V Vimala
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - J Lija Escaline
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Kadarkarai Murugan
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - S Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India.
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Abbas SZ, Yong YC, Ali Khan M, Siddiqui MR, Hakami AAH, Alshareef SA, Otero M, Rafatullah M. Bioflocculants Produced by Bacterial Strains Isolated from Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Application in the Removal of Eriochrome Black T Dye from Water. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071545. [PMID: 32668712 PMCID: PMC7408152 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from a palm oil mill effluent (POME). The four bacterial strains were identified as Pseudomonas alcaliphila (B1), Pseudomonas oleovorans (B2), Pseudomonas chengduensis (B3), and Bacillus nitratireducens (B4) by molecular identification. Among the four bacterial strains, Bacillus nitratireducens (B4) achieved the highest flocculating activity (49.15%) towards kaolin clay suspension after eight hours of cultivation time and was selected for further studies. The optimum conditions for Eriochrome Black T (EBT) flocculation regarding initial pH, type of cation, and B4 dosage were determined to be pH 2, Ca2⁺ cations, and a dosage of 250 mL/L of nutrient broth containing B4. Under these conditions, above 90% of EBT dye removal was attained. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) analysis of the bioflocculant revealed the presence of hydroxyl, alkyl, carboxyl, and amino groups. This bioflocculant was demonstrated to possess a good flocculating activity, being a promissory, low-cost, harmless, and environmentally friendly alternative for the treatment of effluents contaminated with dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Zaghum Abbas
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (S.Z.A.); (Y.-C.Y.)
| | - Yang-Chun Yong
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (S.Z.A.); (Y.-C.Y.)
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.K.); (M.R.S.); (A.A.H.H.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Masoom Raza Siddiqui
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.K.); (M.R.S.); (A.A.H.H.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Afnan Ali Hussain Hakami
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.K.); (M.R.S.); (A.A.H.H.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Shareefa Ahmed Alshareef
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.K.); (M.R.S.); (A.A.H.H.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Marta Otero
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (M.R.)
| | - Mohd Rafatullah
- Division of Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (M.R.)
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Chouchane H, Najjari A, Neifar M, Cherif H, Askri R, Naili F, Ouzari HI, Cherif A. Unravelling the characteristics of a heteropolysaccharide-protein from an Haloarchaeal strain with flocculation effectiveness in heavy metals and dyes removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:2180-2195. [PMID: 30517064 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1556742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The production, characterization and potential application in heavy metals and dyes removal of a novel heteropolysaccharide-protein named, gpHb, produced by an Haloarchaeal strain Halogeometricum borinquense strain A52 were investigated. The highest gpHb yield of 13.96 ± 0.32 g/L was produced under optimized conditions by response surface methodology. We focused on the characteristics and flocculation performance of gpHb. An important attribute of protein with 16 protein types identified that occupied a total content of 50.2% in the gpHb. Additionally, carbohydrate that occupied 30.4% of the total bioflocculant content consisted of three monosaccharides. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy indicated the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine, amide, and sulphate groups. To further study flocculation activities, factors such as bioflocculant dosage, temperature, pH, salinity and cations addition were tested. In comparison to the chemical flocculant polyaluminium chloride, gpHb maintain high activity at large range of salinity and its flocculation activity was higher on both sides of pH 7. Addition of trivalent cation mainly Fe3+ enhances the flocculating rate indicating that the bioflocculant is negatively charged. Its practical applicability was established for heavy metals and dyes removal from saline aqueous solutions. The highest removal efficiency was observed with Cr3+ (91.4%) and Ni2+ (89.60%) and with basic blue 3 (83.8%) and basic red (78.6%). The excellent flocculation activity of gpHb under saline condition suggests its potential industrial utility for treatment of textile and tannery wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Chouchane
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Afef Najjari
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Cherif
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Refka Askri
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Naili
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Hadda Imene Ouzari
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
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22
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Yan Z, Peng L, Deng M, Lin J. Production of a bioflocculant by using activated sludge and its application in Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, the characteristics of a bioflocculant produced by using activated sludge as raw materials were investigated. The performance of this bioflocculant in the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution and the corresponding mechanisms were determined as well. After cultivating a bioflocculant-producing strain in an alkaline thermal pre-treatment sludge for 60 h, approximately 4.45 g of bioflocculant containing a protein backbone was harvested from 1 L of fermentation broth. This bioflocculant can remove 98.5% of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions under optimal conditions, which include a bioflocculant dosage of 6 mg/L and a CaCl2 concentration of 70 mg/L at a pH of 6.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Yan
- Chengdu University of Technology, College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chendu610059, China
- Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Deyang61800, China
- Deyang Research Center of Building Materials and Environmental Resource Engineering Technology, Deyang61800, China
| | - Li Peng
- Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Deyang61800, China
- Deyang Research Center of Building Materials and Environmental Resource Engineering Technology, Deyang61800, China
| | - Miao Deng
- Chengdu University of Technology, College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chendu610059, China
| | - Jinhui Lin
- Chengdu University of Technology, College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chendu610059, China
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23
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Morrissey KL, Fairbanks BD, Bull DS, Stoykovich MP, Bowman CN. Flocculation behavior and mechanisms of block copolymer architectures on silica microparticle and Chlorella vulgaris systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 567:316-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zou X, Sun J, Li J, Jia Y, Xiao T, Meng F, Wang M, Ning Z. High Flocculation of Coal Washing Wastewater Using a Novel Bioflocculant from Isaria cicadae GZU6722. Pol J Microbiol 2020; 69:1-10. [PMID: 32108451 PMCID: PMC7256762 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chanhua (Isaria cicadae) was known as a rare entomogenous fungus with various pharmacological activities since a long time ago in China, which has attracted considerable attention. However, less knowledge was maintained about its products as potential bioflocculants. In this work, a bioflocculant IC-1 produced by Isaria cicadae GZU6722, consisted mainly of protein (4%) and polysaccharides including neutral sugars (52.75%) and galacturonic acid (38.14%), was characterized. It presented high efficiency in flocculating coal washing wastewater, and the flocculating efficiency could reach 91.81% by addition of 24 mg l–1 IC-1 compared to the addition of 60 mg l–1 APAM (anionic polyacrylamide) under the same treatment conditions. The highest flocculating efficiency reached 95.8% in the presence of 2% CaCl2. Compared to APAM, the flocculating efficiency of coal washing wastewater by IC-1 varied little with the increasing dosage. Although the flocs in the APAM-assisted sediment were larger than that in the IC-1-assisted sediment after 1 min of sedimentation, few flocs were still found in the supernatant of both treated samples after 10 min of sedimentation. More interestingly, it was observed under the microscope that the flocs in the IC-1-assisted sediments were more compact than that in the APAM-assisted sediments, suggesting that polymer bridging might take place after IC-1 was added into the coal washing wastewater. The evaluation of costs indicated that the use of IC-1 to treat the coal-washing wastewater may be an economical and feasible way to avoid the extra cost for post-treatment of conventional flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zou
- Institute of Fungal Resources , Guizhou University , Guiyang , China
| | - Jialong Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering , Guizhou Institute of Technology , Guiyang , China
| | - Juan Li
- Institute of Fungal Resources , Guizhou University , Guiyang , China
| | - Yanlong Jia
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering , Guizhou Institute of Technology , Guiyang , China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta , Ministry of Education; School of Environmental Science and Engineering , Guangzhou University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Fanli Meng
- Guizhou Academy of Environmental Science and Design , Guiyang , China
| | - Maosheng Wang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Guizhou Institute of Technology , Guiyang , China
| | - Zengping Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry , Institute of Geochemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang , China
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25
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Araújo D, Concórdio-Reis P, Marques AC, Sevrin C, Grandfils C, Alves VD, Fortunato E, Reis MAM, Freitas F. Demonstration of the ability of the bacterial polysaccharide FucoPol to flocculate kaolin suspensions. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:287-295. [PMID: 29974822 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1497710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the flocculation properties of FucoPol, a bacterial extracellular polysaccharide, were investigated. FucoPol is a high molecular weight polymer and negatively charged due to the presence of glucuronic acid and the acyl groups succinyl and pyruvyl. High flocculation rate values (>70%) were achieved with a low bioflocculant dosage of 1 mg/L, for pH values in the range 3-5 and temperature within 15-20°C. The bioflocculant was also shown to be stable after freezing/thawing and heating up to 100°C. Given the polymer's anionic character, the size of flocs formed and their surface profile, bridging seems to be the main flocculation mechanism of FucoPol. This study demonstrated that FucoPol is a promising natural, biodegradable and biocompatible alternative to the currently used synthetic or inorganic hazardous products, with potential to be used as a novel flocculation agent in several applications, such as water treatment, food or mining. Further studies will involve evaluating the reduction of cation dosage on flocculation efficiency, as well as testing the applicability of FucoPol to flocculate different types of suspended solids, such as, for example, activated carbons, soil solids or yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Araújo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Concórdio-Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana C Marques
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Chantal Sevrin
- Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials (CEIB), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christian Grandfils
- Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials (CEIB), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vítor D Alves
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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Tian Z, Zhang L, Ni C. Preparation and flocculation properties of modified alginate amphiphilic polymeric nano-flocculants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32397-32406. [PMID: 31602600 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The novel nano-flocculants were synthesized through a conjugation of dodecylamine with partly oxidized sodium alginate. The structures of the flocculants were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR, TGA, and EA. The flocculants possessed amphiphilic structures and formed nano-micelles through self-assembly in water. The nano-micelles showed rod-like shapes about 100 nm. Removal rates of the flocculants for Pb2+ and bisphenol A were determined under different conditions, showing the removal rates as high as 97.20% and 88.66% for Pb2+ and bisphenol A, respectively. The flocculation mechanisms were revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. Isotherm adsorption studies indicated that the flocculation for Pb2+ accorded with the Langmuir single-layer adsorption model, and for bisphenol A accorded with the Freundlich multi-layer adsorption model. The quasi-second-order kinetic model was suitable for describing the adsorption kinetics. The new nano-flocculant was a promising agent for removing both heavy metal ions and organic pollutants of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenle Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Alphay Bio-technology Co. Ltd., Nantong, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Caihua Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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27
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Mohammed JN, Wan Dagang WRZ. Implications for industrial application of bioflocculant demand alternatives to conventional media: waste as a substitute. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:1807-1822. [PMID: 32144213 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradability and safety of the bioflocculants make them a potential alternative to non-biodegradable chemical flocculants for wastewater treatment. However, low yield and production cost has been reported to be the limiting factor for large scale bioflocculant production. Although the utilization of cheap nutrient sources is generally appealing for large scale bioproduct production, exploration to meet the demand for them is still low. Although much progress has been achieved at laboratory scale, Industrial production and application of bioflocculant is yet to be viable due to cost of the production medium and low yield. Thus, the prospects of bioflocculant application as an alternative to chemical flocculants is linked to evaluation and utilization of cheap alternative and renewable nutrient sources. This review evaluates the latest literature on the utilization of waste/wastewater as an alternative substitute for conventional expensive nutrient sources. It focuses on the mechanisms and metabolic pathways involved in microbial flocculant synthesis, culture conditions and nutrient requirements for bioflocculant production, pre-treatment, and also optimization of waste substrate for bioflocculant synthesis and bioflocculant production from waste and their efficiencies. Utilization of wastes as a microbial nutrient source drastically reduces the cost of bioflocculant production and increases the appeal of bioflocculant as a cost-effective alternative to chemical flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibrin Ndejiko Mohammed
- Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, PMB11, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria; Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor, Malaysia E-mail:
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28
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Mohd Nasir N, Mohd Yunos FH, Wan Jusoh HH, Mohammad A, Lam SS, Jusoh A. Subtopic: Advances in water and wastewater treatment harvesting of Chlorella sp. microalgae using Aspergillus niger as bio-flocculant for aquaculture wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 249:109373. [PMID: 31415924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have been increasingly used to generate biofuel, thus a sustainable technique should be implemented to harvest the biomass to ensure its existence in the environment. Aspergillus niger was used as bio-flocculant to harvest microalgae from aquaculture wastewater via flocculation technique over a range of pH and mixing rate. The bio-flocculant showed ability to adapt at a wide range of pH from 3.0 to 9.0 and at a mixing rate of 100-150 rpm, producing a harvesting efficiency of higher than 90%. The treated water possessed low concentration of chlorophyll-a (0.3-0.6 mg L-1) and cell density (2 × 106-3 × 106 cell mL-1). These indicate that Aspergillus niger is a promising bio-flocculant to be used in harvesting microalgae, thus promoting the use of flocculation as a green technology in aquaculture wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurfarahana Mohd Nasir
- School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | | | | | - Aqilah Mohammad
- School of Marine and Environment Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Eastern Corridor Renewable Energy Group, School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Jusoh
- School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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29
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Çırak M, Atay HY. Coagulation/flocculation process for marble processing plant effluent: Modelling and optimization through response surface methodology. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Çırak
- Department of Mining EngineeringMuğla Sıtkı Koçman University Muğla Turkey
| | - Hüsnügül Yilmaz Atay
- Department of Material Science and Engineeringİzmir Katip Çelebi University İzmir Turkey
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30
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Removal of Pollutants in Mine Wastewater by a Non-Cytotoxic Polymeric Bioflocculant from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16204001. [PMID: 31635051 PMCID: PMC6843956 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16204001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioflocculation is a physicochemical technique often employed to efficiently remove colloidal water pollutants. Consequently, in this study, a bioflocculant was produced, characterised and applied to remove pollutants in mine wastewater. The maximum flocculation activity of 92% was recorded at 30 °C, pH 9.0 when maltose and urea were used as energy sources and 72 h of fermentation at the inoculum size of 1% (v/v). K+ proved to be a favourable cation. The bioflocculant yield of 4 g/L was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a hexagonal-like structure of the bioflocculant. It is composed of carbohydrates and proteins in mass proportion of 88.6 and 9.5%, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed the presence of hydroxyl, amide and amino functional groups. More than 73% of the bioflocculant was obtained after exposure to 600 °C using the thermogravimetric analyser. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells exhibited 95% viability after being treated with 200 µg/µL of the bioflocculant. The flocculation mechanisms were proposed to be as a result of a double layer compression by K+, chemical reactions and bridging mechanism. The removal efficiencies of 59, 72, and 75% on biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and sulphur, were obtained respectively. Thus, the bioflocculant have potential use in wastewater treatment.
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31
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Liu W, Dong Z, Sun D, Chen Y, Wang S, Zhu J, Liu C. Bioconversion of kitchen wastes into bioflocculant and its pilot-scale application in treating iron mineral processing wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121505. [PMID: 31128543 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the feasibility of converting kitchen waste into bioflocculant using Bacillus agaradhaerens C9 was analyzed. The result showed that strain C9 could secrete various degrading enzymes, including amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, xylanase and pectinase, promoting the hydrolysis of kitchen waste. Strong alkaline fermentation condition was able to induce the bioflocculant production, and inhibit the growth of contaminated bacteria, which avoids the sterilization process of kitchen waste. The optimum fermentation condition for enzymatic hydrolysis and bioflocculant production was 40 g/L kitchen waste, 37 °C, pH 9.5, and the highest bioflocculant yield of 6.92 g/L was achieved. Furthermore, bioflocculant was applied to treat pilot-scale (30 L) of mineral processing wastewater for the first time, and the removal rate of 92.35% was observed when 9 mg/L bioflocculant was added into wastewater. Therefore, this study could promote the resource utilization of kitchen waste and recycling of mineral processing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xian 710069, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jingrong Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Culture optimization for production and characterization of bioflocculant by Aspergillus flavus grown on chicken viscera hydrolysate. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:121. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Optimization and Application of Bioflocculant Passivated Copper Nanoparticles in the Wastewater Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122185. [PMID: 31226768 PMCID: PMC6616601 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology offers a great opportunity for efficient removal of pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms in water. Copper nanoparticles were synthesized using a polysaccharide bioflocculant and its flocculation, removal efficiency, and antimicrobial properties were evaluated. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using thermogravimetry, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The highest flocculation activity (FA) was achieved with the lowest concentration of copper nanoparticles (0.2 mg/mL) with 96% (FA) and the least flocculation activity was 80% at 1 mg/mL. The copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) work well without the addition of the cation as the flocculation activity was 96% and worked best at weak acidic, neutral, and alkaline pH with the optimal FA of 96% at pH 7. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were found to be thermostable with 91% FA at 100 °C. The synthesized copper nanoparticles are also high in removal efficiency of staining dyes, such as safranin (92%), carbol fuchsine (94%), malachite green (97%), and methylene blue (85%). The high removal efficiency of nutrients such as phosphate and total nitrogen in both domestic wastewater and Mzingazi river water was observed. In comparison to ciprofloxacin, CuNPs revealed some remarkable properties as they are able to kill both the Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.
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Hosseini MR, Sadeghieh SM, Azizinia MR, Tabatabaei SH. Biological separation of quartz from kaolinite using Bacillus licheniformis. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1617738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Pandey A, Pathak VV, Kothari R, Black PN, Tyagi VV. Experimental studies on zeta potential of flocculants for harvesting of algae. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 231:562-569. [PMID: 30388653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An experimental study was performed to evaluate the comparative efficiency of bio-flocculant (waste egg shell), laboratory available calcium carbonate (LACC) and alum (Al2 (SO4)3) for harvesting of unicellular microalga, Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The influence of pH on zeta potential (ζ) was also studied to explain the chemistry of flocculation process. The maximum harvesting efficiency (99%) was obtained with alum with deformities in algal cell surfaces. Waste egg-shell material is developed as a low-cost bio-flocculant for harvesting of Chlorella pyrenoidosa using 100 mg egg-shell bio-flocculant/L and 100 mg LACC/L, zeta potential analysis was completed to further understand the chemistry of harvesting efficiency over the different ranges of pH (2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0). The optimized range for harvesting efficiency (HE) of pH is 4.0-8.0 for both flocculants. Maximal harvesting efficiency was achieved at pH 4.0 (99%) and pH 8.0 (95%) with bio-flocculant and LACC respectively. Hence, bio-flocculant based harvesting method is found as the best way to dewatering the algal biomass from aqueous medium with entire and intact algal cell surface with environment friendly and cost-effective approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Pandey
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P., India
| | - Vinayak V Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Manav Rachna University, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Richa Kothari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P., India; Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Institute, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Raya-Suchani, Bagla, Samba, J&K, India.
| | - Paul N Black
- Department of Biochemistry, Beadle Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - V V Tyagi
- School for Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, India
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Qiao N, Gao M, Zhang X, Du Y, Fan X, Wang L, Liu N, Yu D. Trichosporon fermentans biomass flocculation from soybean oil refinery wastewater using bioflocculant produced from Paecilomyces sp. M2-1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:2821-2831. [PMID: 30680435 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09643-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The soybean oil refinery (SOR) wastewater contains a high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and lipid, so the direct emissions of SOR wastewater will result in environmental pollution and waste of resources. Oleaginous yeast Trichosporon fermentans can consume organic materials in SOR wastewater to synthesize microbial oil, which achieves the purpose of SOR wastewater resource utilization. The effective harvesting technology of oleaginous yeasts can improve the utilization efficiency. In this study, Paecilomyces sp. M2-1 with high flocculating activity was isolated. The flocculants produced by M2-1 (MBF2-1) include 75% (w/w) polysaccharides, rely on cations, and display the flocculation percentage of above 77% in the range of pH 2-11. Especially under alkaline conditions, the flocculation percentage can be kept above 97%. The results of scanning electron microscope observation and zeta potential measurements suggested that the bridging, net trapping, and sweeping were the main flocculation mechanism of MBF2-1. MBF2-1 could flocculate T. fermentans that was used to reduce the organic matter in SOR wastewater and to produce microbial oil. Under the optimum conditions, the flocculation percentage of MBF2-1 against T. fermentans from SOR wastewater can reach 95%. Fatty acid content percent in microbial oil from T. fermentans was not almost affected by flocculation of MBF2-1. Moreover, MBF2-1 can further remove 55% and 53% of COD and oil content in the fermented SOR wastewater, respectively. The properties and high flocculating percentage displayed by MBF2-1 indicated its potential application prospect in oleaginous yeast harvest and food industry wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Mingxing Gao
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Xiuzhen Zhang
- Sci-Tech Center for Clean Conversion and High-valued Utilization of Biomass, Jilin Province, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Yundi Du
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Xue Fan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Sci-Tech Center for Clean Conversion and High-valued Utilization of Biomass, Jilin Province, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Dayu Yu
- Sci-Tech Center for Clean Conversion and High-valued Utilization of Biomass, Jilin Province, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China.
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37
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Ndejiko JM, Zana Wan Dagang WR. Flocculation behaviour of bioflocculant produced from chicken viscera. E3S WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019; 90:01013. [DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20199001013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The flocculation performance of bioflocculant produced by Aspergillus flavus S44-1 grown on chicken viscera hydrolysate was investigated. The investigations were carried out using jar testing and kaolin clay suspension as model wastewater. The bioflocculant yielded a minimum of 83.1% efficiency in flocculating 2-12 g L-1 kaolin clay suspension over a wide temperature range (4-80 °C) and functioned maximally at neutral pH. The bioflocculant significantly flocculated different suspended particles such as activated carbon (92%), soil solid (94.8%), and algae (69.4%) at varying concentrations. Bridging mediated by cation is suggested as the main mechanism of flocculation by the present bioflocculant.
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38
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Microbial Flocculants as an Alternative to Synthetic Polymers for Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Symmetry (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/sym10110556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and microalgae have been used to produce bioflocculants with various structures. These polymers are active substances that are biodegradable, environmentally harmless, and have flocculation characteristics. Most of the developed microbial bioflocculants displayed significant flocculating activity (FA > 70–90%) depending on the strain used and on the operating parameters. These biopolymers have been investigated and successfully used for wastewater depollution in the laboratory. In various cases, selected efficient microbial flocculants could reduce significantly suspended solids (SS), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (Nt), dye, and heavy metals, with removal percentages exceeding 90% depending on the bioflocculating materials and on the wastewater characteristics. Moreover, bioflocculants showed acceptable results for sludge conditioning (accepted levels of dry solids, specific resistance to filtration, moisture, etc.) compared to chemicals. This paper explores various bioflocculants produced by numerous microbial strains. Their production procedures and flocculating performance will be included. Furthermore, their efficiency in the depollution of wastewater will be discussed.
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39
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Agunbiade M, Pohl C, Ashafa O. Bioflocculant production from Streptomyces platensis and its potential for river and waste water treatment. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:731-741. [PMID: 29674102 PMCID: PMC6175721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterium isolated from Sterkfontein dam was confirmed to produce bioflocculant with excellent flocculation activity. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence analyses revealed the bacteria to have 99% similarity to Streptomyces platensis strain HBUM174787 and the sequence was deposited in the Genbank as Streptomyces platensis with accession number FJ 486385.1. Culture conditions for optimal production of the bioflocculant included glucose as a sole carbon source, resulting in flocculating activity of 90%. Other optimal conditions included: peptone as nitrogen source; presence of Mg2+ as cations and inoculum size of 1.0% (v/v) at neutral pH of 7. Optimum dose of the purified bioflocculant for the clarification of 4g/L kaolin clay suspension at neutral pH was 0.2mg/mL. Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed elemental composition of the purified bioflocculant in mass proportion (%w/w): carbon (21.41), oxygen (35.59), sulphur (26.16), nitrogen (0.62) and potassium (7.48). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxyl and amino group in the bioflocculant. The bioflocculant produced by S. platensis removed chemical oxygen demand (COD) in river water and meat processing wastewater at efficiencies of 63.1 and 46.6% respectively and reduced their turbidity by 84.3 and 75.6% respectively. The high flocculating rate and removal efficiencies displayed by S. platensis suggests its industrial application in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayowa Agunbiade
- University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Department of Plant Sciences, Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa; University of the Free State, Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Carolina Pohl
- University of the Free State, Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Omotayo Ashafa
- University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Department of Plant Sciences, Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa.
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Chouchane H, Mahjoubi M, Ettoumi B, Neifar M, Cherif A. A novel thermally stable heteropolysaccharide-based bioflocculant from hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S and its application in dye removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:859-872. [PMID: 28357896 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1313886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new bioflocculant named pKr produced by hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S (KC152976) was investigated. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis confirmed the high potential of the strain BU22S in the degradation of n-alkanes. Plackett-Burman experimental design and response surface methodology were carried out to optimize pKr production. Glucose, peptone and incubation time were found to be the most significant factors affecting bioflocculant production. Maximum pKr production was about 4.72 ± 0.02 g/L achieved with 15.61 g/L glucose, 6.45 g/L peptone and 3 days incubation time. Chemical analysis of pKr indicated that it contained 71.62% polysaccharides, 16.36% uronic acid and 2.83% proteins. Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that polysaccharides fraction consisted of galactose and xylose. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed the presence of many functional groups, hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxyl, acetyl and amide that likely contribute to flocculation. K. rosea pKr showed high flocculant potential using kaolin clay at different pH (2-11), temperature (0-100°C) and cation concentrations. The bioflocculant was particularly effective in flocculating soluble anionic dyes, Reactive Blue 4 and Acid Yellow, with a decolorization efficiency of 76.4% and 72.6%, respectively. The outstanding flocculating performances suggest that pKr could be useful for bioremediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Chouchane
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Mouna Mahjoubi
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
- b Faculty of Science of Bizerte , University of Carthage , Bizerte , Tunisia
| | - Besma Ettoumi
- c Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
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41
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Pu S, Ma H, Deng D, Xue S, Zhu R, Zhou Y, Xiong X. Isolation, identification, and characterization of an Aspergillus niger bioflocculant-producing strain using potato starch wastewater as nutrilite and its application. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190236. [PMID: 29304048 PMCID: PMC5755778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A bioflocculant (MBFA18) was produced by Aspergillus niger (A18) using potato starch wastewater (PSW) as nutrients. The cultivation processes and flocculating treatment for PSW purification were systematically studied. The flocculating rate of the MBFA 18 achieved 90.06% (kaolin clay) under the optimal cultivation condition (PSW with 5950 mg/L COD, 20 g/L glucose, 0.2 g/L urea and without phosphorus source addition and pH adjustment). Furthermore, effects of flocculant dosage, initial pH, coagulant aid (CaCl2) addition and sedimentation time on the PSW treatment were discussed and studied in detail. The optimum flocculation treatment conditions were determined according to the treatment efficiency, cost and flocculation conditions. During the PSW treatment, 2 mL/L bioflocculant (1.89 g/L) dosage and 0.5 mol/L coagulant aid addition were applied without pH adjustment and 91.15% COD and 60.22% turbidity removal rate could be achieved within 20 min. The comparative study between the bioflocculant and conventional chemical flocculants showed excellent flocculating efficiency of MBFA 18 with lower cost (4.7 yuan/t), which indicated that the bioflocculant MBFA 18 produced in PSW substrate has a great potential to be an alternative flocculant in PSW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Daili Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shengyang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xingying Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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42
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Characterization of a microbial polysaccharide-based bioflocculant and its anti-inflammatory and pro-coagulant activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 161:636-644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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43
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Tian Z, Zhang L, Ni C. Preparation of modified alginate nanoflocculant and adsorbing properties for Pb2+ in wastewater. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427217040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Fabrication of a cationic polysaccharide for high performance flocculation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Czemierska M, Szcześ A, Hołysz L, Wiater A, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A. Characterisation of exopolymer R-202 isolated from Rhodococcus rhodochrous and its flocculating properties. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Synthesis and application of ammonium-based poly(ionic liquids) as novel cationic flocculants. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-016-0058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Fu R, Yao K, Zhang Q, Jia D, Zhao J, Chi Y. Collagen Hydrolysates of Skin Shavings Prepared by Enzymatic Hydrolysis as a Natural Flocculant and Their Flocculating Property. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 182:55-66. [PMID: 27832513 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of collagen hydrolysates (CHs) were prepared from pigskin shavings by using pepsin (PCH), trypsin (TCH), Alcalase (ACH), HCl (HCH), and NaOH (NCH). Their physicochemical properties, including degree of collagen hydrolysis, molecular weight distribution, electric charge, and microstructure, were investigated, and their flocculation performance was evaluated in a kaolin suspension, at varied pHs and concentrations. PCH exhibited high flocculation capability under acidic and neutral conditions, and its efficiency for removing suspended particles was approximately 80% at a concentration of 0.05 g/L. TCH, ACH, HCH, and NCH showed almost no flocculation capability. The flocculation capability of PCH could be mainly due to a combination of optimal molecular weight distribution and electric charge. This study could provide an environment-friendly natural flocculant and also proposes a promising approach for the reuse of collagen wastes. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Fu
- Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yao
- Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- Sichuan Academy of Food and Fermentation Industries, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongying Jia
- Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayuan Zhao
- Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlong Chi
- Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China.
- Chengdu Food and Drug Administration Research Institute, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Li Y, Xu Y, Liu L, Jiang X, Zhang K, Zheng T, Wang H. First evidence of bioflocculant from Shinella albus with flocculation activity on harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:807-15. [PMID: 27423548 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioflocculant from Shinella albus xn-1 could be used to harvest energy-producing microalga Chlorella vulgaris biomass for the first time. In this study, we investigated the flocculation activity and mode of strain xn-1, the characteristics of bioflocculant, the effect of flocculation conditions and optimized the flocculation efficiency. The results indicated that strain xn-1 exhibited flocculation activity through secreting bioflocculant; the bioflocculant with high thermal stability, pH stability and low molecular weight was proved to be not protein and polysaccharide, and flocculation active component was confirmed to contain triple bond and cumulated double bonds; algal pH, temperature and metal ions showed great impacts on the flocculation efficiency of bioflocculant; the maximum flocculation activity of bioflocculant reached 85.65% after the response surface optimization. According to the results, the bioflocculant from S. albus xn-1 could be a good potential in applications for high-efficiency harvesting of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanting Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hailei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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49
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Zhong CY, Chen HG, Cao G, Wang J, Zhou JG. Bioflocculant production by Haloplanus vescus and its application in acid brilliant scarlet yellow/red removal. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:707-715. [PMID: 26901711 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel bioflocculant MBF057 produced by a salt-tolerant Haloplanus vescus HW0579 was investigated in this study. The effects of culture conditions such as initial pH, inoculum size, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of K-acid wastewater on MBF0579 production were studied. The result showed that 8.09 g/L purified MBF0579 was extracted with the following optimized conditions: 780 mg/L COD of K-acid wastewater as carbon source, inoculum size 12.5%, and initial pH 7.0. The biopolymer contained 78.6% polysaccharides and 21.1% proteins. The highest flocculating rate of 81.86 and 95.07% for the COD and chroma of acid brilliant scarlet gelb rot (yellow/red, GR) dye wastewater were achieved at a dosage of 150 mg/L, pH 2.0 and contact time 100 min. Overall, these findings indicate bioflocculation offers an effective alternative method of decreasing acid brilliant scarlet GR during dye wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ying Zhong
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China E-mail: ; Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anticancer Active Ingredients, Chemistry and Biology Science College, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China; These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hong-Gao Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China E-mail: ; These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China E-mail:
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China E-mail:
| | - Jian-Gang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China E-mail:
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50
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Cao G, Zhang Y, Chen L, Liu J, Mao K, Li K, Zhou J. Production of a bioflocculant from methanol wastewater and its application in arsenite removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 141:274-81. [PMID: 26291913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel bioflocculant (MBF83) prepared using methanol wastewater as nutrient resource was systematically investigated in the study. The optimal conditions for bioflocculant production were determined to be an inoculum size of 8.6%, initial pH of 7.5, and a methanol concentration of 100.8mgL(-1). An MBF83 of 4.61gL(-1) was achieved as the maximum yield. MBF83 primarily comprised polysaccharide (74.1%) and protein (24.2%). The biopolymer, which was found to be safe in zebrafish in toxicity studies, was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Additionally, conditions for the removal of arsenite by MBF83 were found to be MBF83 at 500mgL(-1), an initial pH of 7.0, and a contact time of 90min. Under the optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of arsenite was 86.1%. Overall, these findings indicate bioflocculation offers an effective alternative method of decreasing arsenite during wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Li Chen
- Central China Normal University Library, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Kewei Mao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Kangju Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
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