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Yuan N, Li Z, Shang Q, Liu X, Deng C, Wang C. High efficiency of drinking water treatment residual-based sintered ceramsite in biofilter for domestic wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120401. [PMID: 38382437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al)-based drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) has often been attempted to be recycled as dominant ingredient to produce sintered ceramsite for water treatment. This study aimed to determine the long-term performance of DWTR-based ceramsite in treating domestic wastewater based on a 385-d biofilter test and by using physicochemical, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic analyses. The results showed that the ceramsite-packed biofilter exhibited high and stable capability in removing phosphorus (P) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), with removal efficiencies of 92.6 ± 3.97% and 81.1 ± 14.0% for total P and COD, respectively; moreover, 88-100% of ammonium-nitrogen (N) was normally converted, and the total N removal efficiency reached 80-86% under proper aeration. Further analysis suggested that the forms of the removed P in the ceramsite were mainly NH4F- and NaOH-extractable. Microbial communities in the ceramsite biofilter exhibited relatively high activity. Typically, various organic matter degradation-related genes (e.g., hemicellulose and starch degradations) were enriched, and a complete N-cycling pathway was established, which is beneficial for enriching microbes involved in ammonium-N conversion, especially Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Jettenia, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrospira. In addition, the structures of the ceramsite had high stability (e.g., compressive strength and major compositions). The ceramsites showed limited metal and metalloid pollution risks and even accumulated copper from the wastewater. These results demonstrate the high feasibility of applying ceramsite prepared from Al-based DWTR for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Yuan
- Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qiannan Shang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Chengxun Deng
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Park S, Lee SJ, Noh W, Kim YJ, Kim JH, Back SM, Ryu BG, Nam SW, Park SH, Kim J. Production of safe cyanobacterial biomass for animal feed using wastewater and drinking water treatment residuals. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25136. [PMID: 38322884 PMCID: PMC10844260 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in microalgae and cyanobacteria biomass as an alternative to traditional animal feed is hindered by high production costs. Using wastewater (WW) as a cultivation medium could offer a solution, but this approach risks introducing harmful substances into the biomass, leading to significant safety concerns. In this study, we addressed these challenges by selectively extracting nitrates and phosphates from WW using drinking water treatment residuals (DWTR) and chitosan. This method achieved peak adsorption capacities of 4.4 mg/g for nitrate and 6.1 mg/g for phosphate with a 2.5 wt% chitosan blend combined with DWTR-nitrogen. Subsequently, these extracted nutrients were employed to cultivate Spirulina platensis, yielding a biomass productivity rate of 0.15 g/L/d, which is comparable to rates achieved with commercial nutrients. By substituting commercial nutrients with nitrate and phosphate from WW, we can achieve a 18 % reduction in the culture medium cost. While the cultivated biomass was initially nitrogen-deficient due to low nitrate levels, it proved to be protein-rich, accounting for 50 % of its dry weight, and contained a high concentration of free amino acids (1260 mg/g), encompassing all essential amino acids. Both in vitro and in vivo toxicity tests affirmed the biomass's safety for use as an animal feed component. Future research should aim to enhance the economic feasibility of this alternative feed source by developing efficient adsorbents, utilizing cost-effective reagents, and implementing nutrient reuse strategies in spent mediums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghwan Park
- Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Lee
- Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Noh
- Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Jin Kim
- Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hein Kim
- Human Risk Assessment Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seng-Min Back
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gon Ryu
- Microbial Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Nam
- Bioresources Collection & Bioinformation Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Park
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Kim
- Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Exposure & Toxicology Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
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3
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Lee SM, Kim JG, Jeong WG, Alessi DS, Baek K. Adsorption of antibiotics onto low-grade charcoal in the presence of organic matter: Batch and column tests. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140564. [PMID: 38303384 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics contaminate diverse ecosystems and threaten human health. In ecosystems including water, sediment, and soil, the amount of antibiotics present is tiny compared to the amount of natural organic matter. However, most studies have ignored the co-presence of natural organic matter in the adsorption of target antibiotics. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the effect of co-presenting natural organic matter on the adsorption of sulfamethazine (SMZ) through batch and column experiments using low-grade charcoal, an industrial by-product. SMZ was used as a model antibiotic compound and humic acid (HA) was used to represent natural organic matter. The co-presence of 2000 mg/L HA (400 times the concentration of SMZ) lowered the adsorption rate of SMZ from 0.023 g/mg·min to 0.007 g/mg·min, and the maximum adsorption capacity from 39.8 mg/g to 15.6 mg/g. HA blocked the charcoal's pores and covered its surface adsorption sites, which dramatically lowered its capacity to adsorb SMZ. Similar results were obtained in the flow-through column experiments, where the co-presence of natural organic matter shortened the lifetime of the charcoal. As a result, the co-presence of a relatively high concentration of natural organic matter can inhibit the adsorption of SMZ and likely other antibiotic compounds, and thus the presence of natural organic matter should be accounted for in the design of adsorption processes to treat antibiotics in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Won-Gune Jeong
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Chen D, Song Y, Li H, Ma M, Nan F, Huang P, Zhan W. Remarkable adsorption of As(V) by Fe 3+ and Mg 2+ modified alginate porous beads (Fe/Mg-SA) via a facile method. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127994. [PMID: 37952800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Although sodium alginate (SA) is frequently utilized because of its good gelling properties, the substance's dearth of adsorption active sites prevents it from effectively removing heavy metals. Herein, SA was used as the base material to form a cross-linked structure with Fe3+ and Mg2+, and gel beads with a diameter of 2.0 ± 0.1 mm with specific adsorption on As(V) were synthesized as adsorbent (Fe/Mg-SA). Fe/Mg-SA was systematically characterized, and its adsorption properties were investigated by varying several conditions. Fe/Mg-SA had a wide pH application range. The adsorption kinetics revealed that a quasi-secondary kinetic model was followed. The adsorption process is linked to the complexation of hydroxyl and AsO43-, chemisorption predominated the adsorption process. The maximal adsorption capacity of Fe/Mg-SA is determined by fitting the Langmuir model to be 37.4 mg/g. Compared to other adsorbents, it is simpler to synthesis, more effective and cheaper. Each treatment of 1 m3 wastewater of Fe/Mg-SA only costs ¥ 38.612. The novel gel beads synthesized provides a better option for purifying groundwater contaminated with As(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Chen
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yanqing Song
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Mengyu Ma
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Fangming Nan
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wei Zhan
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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5
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Sharma S, Ahammed MM. Application of modified water treatment residuals in water and wastewater treatment: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15796. [PMID: 37305496 PMCID: PMC10256853 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Large quantities of sludge known as water treatment residuals (WTRs) are generated from water treatment facilities across the world. Various attempts have been made to reuse these residuals. Among the different applications of WTRs, their reuse in water and wastewater treatment has received more attention. However, direct application of raw WTRs is associated with some limitations. In the last decade, in order to improve their characteristics, numerous investigators have modified WTRs by different methods. This paper reviews the different methods applied to WTRs to enhance their characteristics. The effects of these modifications on their characteristics are explained. The applications of modified WTRs as a filtration/adsorption medium for treating textile/dye wastewater, groundwater containing different anionic and cationic pollutants, storm water runoff, and as a substrate in constructed wetlands are presented in detail. Future research needs are highlighted. The review clearly indicates the potential of different modification methods to improve the removal of a variety of pollutants by WTRs from water and wastewater.
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Huang C, Yuan N, He X, Wang C. Ceramsite made from drinking water treatment residue for water treatment: A critical review in association with typical ceramsite making. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:117000. [PMID: 36502704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of ceramsite to construct filtration systems (e.g., biofilters) is a common method for water treatment. To promote such applications, the development of low-cost, high-performance, and environmentally friendly ceramsites has received increasing attention from scientists, and a critical step in the development is the preparation of raw materials. As an inevitable and non-hazardous by-product during potable water production, drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) is typically recycled to make water treatment ceramsite to promote recycling in filtration systems. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap regarding DWTR in making ceramsites for water treatment. The results suggest that the fabrication methods for DWTR-based ceramsite can be generally classified into sintering and non-sintering procedures. For the sintering method, owing to the heterogeneous properties (especially aluminum, iron, and calcium), DWTR has been applied as various sub-ingredients for raw materials preparations. In contrast, for the non-sintering method, DWTR is commonly applied as the main ingredient, and natural curing, physical crosslinking, and thermal treatment methods have been typically adopted to make ceramsite. However, DWTR-based ceramsites tend to have a high adsorption capability and favorable microbial effects to control different kinds of pollution (e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic matter). Future work is typically recommended to thoroughly evaluate the performance of DWTR-based ceramsite-constructed filtration systems to control water pollution concerning the making procedures, the potential to control pollution, the stability, and the safety of raw DWTR-based ceramsite, providing systematic information to design more proper planning for beneficial recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nannan Yuan
- School of Electronic Information, Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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7
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Reusing Drinking Water Sludge: Physicochemical Features, Environmental Impact and Applications in Building Materials: A Mini Review. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-023-00595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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8
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Raval NP, Kumar M. Development of novel Core-shell impregnated polyuronate composite beads for an eco-efficient removal of arsenic. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:127918. [PMID: 36087649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) can geogenically and anthropogenically contaminate the potable water resources and undoubtedly reduces its availability for human consumption. To circumvent this predicament, present study focuses on the development of a novel biosorbent by impregnating calcium cross-linked polyuronate (alginate) beads (CABs) with bilayer-oleic coated magnetite nanoparticles (CAB@BOFe) for As(V) removal. Initially, the system parameters (i.e., adsorbents dose (0.1- 3.0 g L-1), pH (4.0-13), reaction times (0-180 min) and sorbate concentrations (10-150 µg L-1)) were optimized to establish adsorbent at the lab-scale. CAB@BOFe had higher monolayer (ad)sorption capacity (∼62.5 µg g-1, 120 min) than CABs (∼17.9 µg g-1, 180 min). Electrostatic/Ion-dipole interactions and surface-complexation mechanisms mediated As(V) sorption onto CAB@BOFe mainly obeyed Langmuir isotherm (R2 ∼ 0.9) and well described by intraparticle diffusion process. Furthermore, it demonstrated an excellent arsenate removal performance from the single/multiple anionic contaminants simulated water samples which supported its prospective field applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav P Raval
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 355, India; Department of Earth and Environmental Science, KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj-Kachchh, Gujarat 370 001, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 355, India; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 007, India.
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9
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Nayeri D, Mousavi SA. A comprehensive review on the coagulant recovery and reuse from drinking water treatment sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115649. [PMID: 35834847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The main treatment unit in conventional systems for surface water is coagulation-flocculation (CF) process, which consumes huge quantities of coagulant, and produces large volume of sludge. The produced sludge is known as one of the components of water treatment sludge (WTS), which is considered as a global issue and hot topic require careful attention from the plant operators and sludge managers to be managed sustainably with applying an ecofriendly method. Among the suggested technologies, recovery and reuse of coagulants from WTS show the potential to decrease the waste disposal and chemicals usage for drinking water treatment significantly. So, this comprehensive review provides a useful insight into environmental and health problems of WTS, reports the sources, physicochemical properties of sludge, describes different sludge management methods by more focus on coagulant recovery (CR), which significantly point out the different aspects of WTS recovery and reuse, and eventually, economic evaluation of the CR process was also discussed. The results of this review confirm that coagulants can be recovered from WTS by different methods and also will be reused for multiple times in the removal of pollutants from water and wastewater. Moreover, the recovered coagulants can be used as building and construction materials, constructed wetlands substrate and other aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Nayeri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyyed Alireza Mousavi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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10
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Effect of operating variables on functions of sodium alginate granules based on drinking water treatment residues. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kim HB, Kim JG, Park J, Baek K. Control of arsenic release from paddy soils using alginate encapsulated calcium peroxide. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128751. [PMID: 35344889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mobilization of As in paddy soils is affected by iron redox cycles. In this regard, calcium peroxide (CaO2) can be used as an alternative to maintaining oxidizing conditions by liberating oxygen under flooding environments. Nevertheless, the problem of increase in pH by CaO2 dissolution remains unresolved. In this study, the encapsulation of CaO2 using alginate is proposed. Encapsulated CaO2 (CaO2-b) using 1% sodium alginate was applied to As-contaminated soil to evaluate the ability of pH control and As mobility during flooding conditions. The pH increased rapidly from 6.8 to 9.0 in unencapsulated CaO2 (CaO2-p) within 1 day, while CaO2-b increased slowly to 8.6 over 91 days. CaO2 created an oxidizing condition in the soil by providing oxygen, thus effectively prevented the reductive dissolution of iron. The mobility of As decreased by 50% (CaO2-p) and 83% (CaO2-b) compared with that of the control soil. Furthermore, the As in pore water was three times lower than CaO2-p because CaO2-b released 1.8 times more Ca2+ to form Ca-As complexes than CaO2-p. Consequently, the encapsulated CaO2 reduced the negative effects of CaO2 treatment on increasing pH of the soil and furnished a better environmental condition for inhibiting As mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Bin Kim
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Park
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil, Environmental, Resources and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Wang C, Huang C, Xu H, Yuan N, Liu X, Bai L, He X, Liu R. Ceramsite production using water treatment residue as main ingredient: The key affecting factors identification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 308:114611. [PMID: 35114517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an inevitable by-product of potable water production, drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) recycling to make ceramsite can provide both environmental and economic benefits in constructing filtration treatment system for water environment remediation. Given the varied properties of DWTR from different waterworks, this study aims to identify the key factors affecting ceramsite production from DWTR as main ingredient based on five different DWTR with using clay as the auxiliary material. The results showed that of sintering temperature (500-1000 °C), DWTR:clay ratio (5:5 to 9:1), sintering time (5-60 min), and granule diameter (5-15 mm), the sintering temperature was the key parameter. Increasing temperatures from 500 to 1000 °C gradually promoted DWTR sintering by enhancing Si and Al crystallization, which typically increased the formation of SiO2 and CaAl2Si2O8 crystals in ceramsite. Ceramsites made from different DWTR tended to have different properties, mainly resulting from varied contents of Si (20.2%-48.6%), K (0.0894%-2.39%), Fe (4.56%-14.3%), and loss on ignition (11.7%-39.5%). During ingredients preparation to produce up-to-standard ceramsite, supplying additional Si and diluting loss on ignition were necessary for all DWTR, while supplying K and diluting Fe may be required for specific DWTR, due to the potential varied DWTR compositions caused by different water production processes applied (e.g., type of flocculants). Further toxicity characteristic leaching procedure analysis indicated the increased leaching of Cu. However, DWTR based ceramsite was identified as non-hazardous material; even, sintering treatment reduced the leachability of Ba, Be, Cd, and Cr. DWTR based ceramsite also had relatively high specific surface area (22.1-50.5 m2/g) and could adsorb Cd, Cu, and Pb from solution. Overall, based on appropriate management, DWTR can be recycled as the main ingredient in the production of ceramsite for water environment remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Chenghao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huacheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Nannan Yuan
- School of Electronic Information, Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Leilei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Xuzhou Xinsheng Luyuan Cyclic Economy Industrial Investment & Development Co. Ltd., Xuzhou, 221003, China
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13
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Jo JY, Kim JG, Tsang YF, Baek K. Removal of ammonium, phosphate, and sulfonamide antibiotics using alum sludge and low-grade charcoal pellets. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130960. [PMID: 34289620 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Powder adsorbents perform well due to their large surface area but are difficult to use because of aggregation and channeling. In this study, pelletization of adsorbents was proposed as a solution to these operating problems. A three-component mixture was extruded into pellets and calcined under air or nitrogen conditions The pellet adsorbent removed 47, 71, 97, and 72% of ammonium, phosphate, sulfathiazole, and sulfamethoxazole, respectively. Bentonite improved greatly the strength of pellets, and a 10 wt% of bentonite was sufficient to maintain pellet shape and mass. No significant difference in individual adsorption and multi-pollutant adsorption was found. Pellet adsorbents with alum sludge, bentonite, and low-grade charcoal are low-cost materials that effectively remove multi-pollutants from the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeol Jo
- Department of Environment & Energy (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 57896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Guk Kim
- Department of Environment & Energy (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 57896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environment & Energy (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 57896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 57896, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Wang M, Bai S, Wang X. Enhanced removal of heavy metals and phosphate in stormwater filtration systems amended with drinking water treatment residual-based granules. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 280:111645. [PMID: 33246755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To address the clogging issues in stormwater filtration systems, a drinking water treatment residual (DWTR)-based granule (DBG) substrate was developed herein by pyrolyzing and granulating the DWTR with bentonite and corncob. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure studies indicated that fabricating into DBG stabilized the Al and heavy metals in DWTR and restrained the leaching risk. Then the removal performance of phosphate (PO₄-P) and heavy metal ions by the DWTR and DBG was evaluated in batch and laboratory-scale column experiments. Results from batch tests showed that the amount of Pb(Ⅱ) adsorbed by DBG (18.47 ± 0.56 mg g⁻1) was approximately 2.3 times of that adsorbed by DWTR (8.05 ± 0.19 mg g⁻1), whereas the PO₄-P adsorption capacity of DBG (8.63 ± 0.24 mg g⁻1) was much lower than that of DWTR (25.33 ± 0.81 mg g⁻1). This could be ascribed to the addition of corncob and bentonite (at a mass ratio of 20% and 40% in DBG, respectively), which provided extremely high cation exchange capacity for the Pb(Ⅱ) adsorption, while no effective PO₄-P adsorption component was involved. Moreover, the pyrolysis process could improve the Pb(Ⅱ) and PO₄-P adsorption capacity of the raw-mixture by 42% and 7%, whereas granulation process decreased those of the pyrolysis-mixture by 15% and 20%, respectively, owing to the reduction of accessible surface area in the DBG. Under various stormwater runoff conditions, the involvement of DBG in stormwater filtration systems exerted consistently fancy performance of Cu(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ) and PO₄-P removal, with average removal rates of over 86.20% and desorption rates of less than 3.50%, indicating irreversible and strong complexion between the contaminants and DBG. The DBG column manifested good permeability and stable hydraulic conductivity (2.74-2.52 m d⁻1) over a 54-day rainfall period, which was beneficial to address the clogging issue of DWTR. Overall, this study provides an alternative pathway to enhance the hydraulic condition and treatment performance of the stormwater filtration systems for urban runoff management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Shunwen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Xiuheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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15
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Everaert M, Bergmans J, Broos K, Hermans B, Michielsen B. Granulation and calcination of alum sludge for the development of a phosphorus adsorbent: From lab scale to pilot scale. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 279:111525. [PMID: 33168303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alum sludge, an Al-oxyhydroxide rich waste product from water treatment practices, has the potential to be valorized as a P adsorbent material. However, several challenges currently prevent its application as an adsorbent in industrial setting, i.e. a limited P adsorption capacity due to saturation by organic matter and a fine nature resulting in percolation problems in adsorption bed setups. In this study, granulation and subsequent calcination of alum sludge were proposed to overcome these issues and to improve the P adsorption properties of alum-based adsorbent (ABA) materials. The effect of calcination temperature on the physicochemical properties of granular material was examined using X-ray diffraction, mass-spectroscopy coupled thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry and specific surface area analysis, combined with density and crushing strength measurements. The ABA material obtained at 550 °C showed superior P adsorption properties and, therefore, this material was selected for further P adsorption testing and characterization (scanning electron microscopy and sieving). Batch P adsorption tests showed that this material had a maximum P adsorption capacity of 7.27 mg-P g-1. Kinetic adsorption tests determined the effect of the solid-to-liquid ratio and the granule particle size on the P removal. Finally, the performance of the ABA-550 material was tested in a pilot-scale adsorption setup, using a surface water stream (0.47 mg-P L-1) at a flow rate of 200 L h-1. During the test, the P removal efficiency always exceeded 86%, while the material maintained its structural stability. The results of this study illustrate the potential of granulated/calcined ABA materials for P adsorption, paving the way for the industrial application of this novel, sustainable P removal technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Everaert
- Unit Sustainable Materials Management, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium.
| | - Jef Bergmans
- Unit Sustainable Materials Management, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Kris Broos
- Unit Sustainable Materials Management, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Bart Michielsen
- Unit Sustainable Materials Management, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
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16
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Current Trends of Arsenic Adsorption in Continuous Mode: Literature Review and Future Perspectives. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13031186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic element for humans and a major pollutant in drinking water. Natural and anthropogenic sources can release As into water bodies. The countries with the greatest arsenic contamination issues lack the affordable technology to attain the maximum permitted concentrations. Adsorption can be a highly efficient and low-cost option for advanced water treatment, and the development of new cheap adsorbents is essential to expand access to water with a safe concentration of arsenic. This paper aims to review the state of the art of arsenic adsorption from water in continuous mode and the latest progress in the regeneration and recovery of arsenic. The disposal of the exhausted bed is also discussed. Fixed-bed column tests conducted with novel adsorbents like binary metal oxides and biosorbents achieved the highest adsorption capacities of 28.95 mg/g and 74.8 mg/g, respectively. Iron-coated materials presented the best results compared to adsorbents under other treatments. High recovery rates of 99% and several cycles of bed regeneration were achieved, which can aggregate economic value for the process. Overall, further pilot-scale research is recommended to evaluate the feasibility of novel adsorbents for industrial purposes.
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17
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Zeng H, Wang F, Xu K, Zhang J, Li D. Optimization and regeneration of chitosan-alginate hybrid adsorbent embedding iron-manganese sludge for arsenic removal. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Bustos-Terrones YA, Estrada-Vázquez R, Ramírez-Pereda B, Bustos-Terrones V, Rangel-Peraza JG. Kinetics of a fixed bed reactor with immobilized microorganisms for the removal of organic matter and phosphorous. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1956-1965. [PMID: 32358922 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradation of domestic wastewater contaminants has been carried out using microorganisms immobilized in sodium alginate gel (Alg-Na). A fixed bed reactor with immobilized microorganisms was used for the treatment of domestic wastewater. A wastewater pretreatment was carried out to remove the larger particulate matter, which consisted of a reactor packed with different materials (anthracite, zeolite, and activated carbon). Later, a second reactor packed with balls with immobilized microorganisms was used to eliminate organic matter and nutrients. 2.5% w/v of Alg-Na was used as a support to immobilize the microorganisms. According to the results, a total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 94.26% and 78.25% was obtained, respectively. In addition, the degradation rate for both organic matter and phosphorous was studied by using the kinetic model for fix bed reactor. © 2020 Water Environment Federation PRACTITIONER POINTS: Phosphorous and organic matter removal by adsorption and immobilized microorganisms. High removal efficiency of phosphorous and organic matter was found. An innovative wastewater treatment alternative is proposed. Kinetic model for fixed bed reactor is also proposed for scaling-up purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaneth A Bustos-Terrones
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, CONACYT-TecNM-Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán, Culiacán, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Estrada-Vázquez
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, TecNM-Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán, Culiacán, Mexico
| | - Blenda Ramírez-Pereda
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, CONACYT-TecNM-Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán, Culiacán, Mexico
| | - Victoria Bustos-Terrones
- Dirección Académica de Ingeniería en Tecnología Ambiental., Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos, Jiutepec, Mexico
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19
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Granulation of Drinking Water Treatment Residues: Recent Advances and Prospects. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Beneficial reuse of drinking water treatment plant residues (WTRs) has been intensively studied worldwide in the last decades, but few engineering applications can be found. The majority of WTRs were directly reused in cake form (after dewatering), e.g., alum sludge cake as main substrate used in constructed wetlands (CWs), or oven dried and ground powdery form, e.g., sorbent for pollutant removal. However, WTRs reuse in such forms has several drawbacks, i.e., difficulty of recovering and easy clogging (in CWs), which result in limited WTRs engineering applications. Granulation or pelleting could widen and be a wiser WTRs reuse route and also seems to be a promising strategy to overcome the “application bottleneck” issues. In the literature, a number of trials of WTRs granulation have been reported since 2008, including sintering ceramsite, gel entrapment and newly emerged techniques. Hence, there is a need to overlook these studies and promote WTRs granulation for further development. To this end, this review firstly provides a piece of updated comprehensive information and critical analysis regarding WTRs granulation/pelleting technology. It aims to enhance WTRs granulation studies in the developing stage and thus enlarge WTRs engineering applications.
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20
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Zeng H, Wang F, Xu K, Zhang J, Li D. Preparation of manganese sludge strengthened chitosan-alginate hybrid adsorbent and its potential for As(III) removal. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:1222-1231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Kim JG, Kim HB, Yoon GS, Kim SH, Min SJ, Tsang DCW, Baek K. Simultaneous oxidation and adsorption of arsenic by one-step fabrication of alum sludge and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121138. [PMID: 31518804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of trivalent arsenic (As(III)) to pentavalent arsenic (As(V)) is a common pretreatment to remove As(III) from the aqueous phase. The graphitic carbon nitride as a photocatalyst can transform As(III) to As(V), but the photocatalyst does not adsorb any species of arsenic. In this study, a new composite material to achieve the simultaneous oxidation and adsorption of arsenic was synthesized by co-pyrolyzing alum sludge and melamine. It was hypothesized that graphitic carbon nitride derived from melamine oxidizes As(III) to As(V) and pyrolyzed alum sludge provides strong adsorption sites for the oxidized As(V). The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) surface, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The composite material effectively converted As(III) to As(V) under the light, and the total arsenic concentration decreased in the aqueous phase via the adsorption of As(V). Speciation analysis of arsenic on the composite showed that both As(III) and As(V) species were present on the surface of adsorbent, from which desorption by mixing with deionized water was difficult. This new and green composite material can oxidize As(III) and adsorb arsenic simultaneously under the light, which can be used to treat arsenic-containing water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Bin Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Seok Yoon
- Geum River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environment Research, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Kim
- K-WATER, Water Quality Center, Daejeon, 34350, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Min
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Facile method to granulate drinking water treatment residues as a potential media for phosphate removal. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Patiño-Ruiz D, Bonfante H, De Ávila G, Herrera A. Adsorption kinetics, isotherms and desorption studies of mercury from aqueous solution at different temperatures on magnetic sodium alginate-thiourea microbeads. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2019.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Choi D, Oh JI, Lee J, Park YK, Lam SS, Kwon EE. Valorization of alum sludge via a pyrolysis platform using CO 2 as reactive gas medium. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:105037. [PMID: 31437646 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to seek a new technical platform for disposal of drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS: alum sludge), pyrolysis of DWTS was mainly investigated in this study. To establish a more sustainable thermolytic platform for DWTS, this study particularly employed CO2 as reactive gas medium. Thus, this study laid great emphasis on elucidating the mechanistic roles of CO2 during the thermolysis of DWTS. A series of the TGA tests of DWTS in CO2 in reference to N2 revealed no occurrence of the heterogeneous reaction between CO2 and the sample surface of DWTS. As such, at the temperature regime before initiating the Boudouard reaction (i.e., ≥700 °C), the mass decay patterns of DWTS in N2 and CO2 were nearly identical. However, the gaseous effluents from lab-scale pyrolysis of DWTS in CO2 in reference to N2 were different. In sum, the homogeneous reactions between CO2 and volatile matters (VMs) evolved from the thermolysis of DWTS led to the enhanced generation of CO. Also, CO2 suppressed dehydrogenation of VMs. Such the genuine mechanistic roles of CO2 in the thermolysis of DWTS subsequently led to the compositional modifications of the chemical species in pyrolytic oil. Furthermore, the biochar composite was obtained as byproduct of pyrolysis of DWTS. Considering that the high content of Al2O3 and Fe-species in the biochar composite imparts a strong affinity for As(V), the practical use of the biochar composite as a sorptive material for arsenic (V) was evaluated at the fundamental levels. This work reported that adsorption of As(V) onto the biochar composite followed the pseudo-second order model and the Freundlich isotherm model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongho Choi
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ik Oh
- Advanced Technology Department, Land & Housing Institute, Daejeon 34047, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, School of Ocean Engineering, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030 Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05005, Republic of Korea.
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Kang S, Choi JH, Park JG, Baek K. Pellet adsorbent derived from molasses and dewatered alum sludge for arsenic removal. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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