Energy policy paradox on environmental performance: The moderating role of renewable energy patents

Interconnecting sustainable development goals 7 and 13: the role of renewable energy innovations towards combating the climate change

ABSTRACTThis research examines the trends in environmental footprints through energy innovations, digital trade, economic freedom, and environmental regulation from the context of G7 economies. Quarterly observations from 1998-2020 have been utilized for the advanced-panel model entitled Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR). The initial findings confirm slope heterogeneity, interdependence between the cross-sectional units, stationarity properties, and panel cointegration. The results through FM-OLS, D-OLS, and FE-OLS justify that energy innovations, digital trade, and environmental regulations control ecological damages. In contrast, economic freedom and growth are causing more damage to nature, like ecological footprints (EFP). Similarly, the results through MMQR confirm that the impact of energy innovations, digital trade, and environmental regulations is accepted as a panacea to control environmental degradation in G7. However, the magnitude of the coefficient varies across different quantiles. More specifically, the findings show that the impact of energy innovations is highly significant at 0.50th quantile. In contrast, through digital trade, the impact on EFP is only significant under medium and higher order quantiles (i.e. 0.50th, 0.75th-1.0th). Contrarily, economic freedom is causing more EFP across all the quantiles, where the findings are highly significant at 0.75th quantile. Besides, a few other policy implications are also discussed.

Urban energy performance improvement policy selection in China based on policy effect prediction: An analysis from the dimensions of economy, environment and well-being

The environmental pollution and social well-being issue caused by the huge energy consumption in cities reflect the urgency of improving urban energy performance from multiple dimensions of economy, environment, and well-being. As a result, various countries and cities have promulgated a series of policies. However, the complexity of the policies makes the categories and utilities need to be further clarified, and the diseconomy caused by the lag of policy effect evaluation makes the focus of policy implementation need to be clear in advance. Therefore, based on public choice theory, this research follows the idea of "prior analysis" and takes Chinese cities as the research object. Firstly, the collected energy performance improvement policies of Chinese cities were analyzed and classified by the content analysis method, and the main utilities of all policies and the specific utilities of each category were summarized. Based on the multiple dimensions of urban energy performance research (namely, economy, environment and well-being dimensions), this research summarized the policy utilities that help to improve the urban energy performance of each dimension, and also preset the policy utility values. Secondly, the effect prediction model for urban energy performance improvement policies in each dimension was constructed by Back-propagation (BP) neural network. Thirdly, the energy performance of Chinese cities in 2020 measured by Data Envelopment Analysis method was taken as the benchmark value, and the energy performance of Chinese cities in 2025 measured by the policy effect prediction model was taken as the comparison value. According to the results of performance improvement, the energy performance improvement policies of Chinese cities were selected respectively from the dimensions of economy, environment and well-being. This research shows that: the energy performance improvement policies of Chinese cities mainly include six categories, namely energy conservation and emission reduction policies, energy development policies, ecological environmental policies, fiscal and tax policies, industrial policies and economic and social policies. It is needed to focus on ecological environmental policies, fiscal and tax policies and industrial policies to improve urban energy performance from the economic dimension. For the environmental dimension, the key and priority policies are ecological environmental policies. Compared with the economic dimension, the focus of implementing policies adds economic and social policies in the well-being dimension. In the implementation of policies, the differences of energy performance among cities can be reduced through multi-feature analysis of cities or regions, appropriate adjustment of specific measures and targets, and improvement of digital information management of urban energy performance. This research can effectively help cities clarify which policies require higher implementation intensity and attention before and during policy implementation, thereby maximizing multi-dimensional urban energy performance.

Building ecological civilization: the importance of promoting green investments by Chinese companies

The study investigated "Building Ecological Civilization: the Importance of Promoting Green Investments by Chinese Companies" to examine the complex connections between the factors affecting Chinese businesses' ecological performance (EP). An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is used in the study to analyze the impact of green investments (GI), the policy environment (PE), government support (GS), public awareness and perception (PAP), and technological capability (TC) on companies' earnings per share (EPS). The results show a strong correlation between GI and EP, indicating that businesses' growing use of green initiatives is essential for raising environmental sustainability. The study also shows that PE, TC, and EP have an inverse relationship, indicating the need for more supportive governmental policies and regulations and the effective adoption and implementation of green technologies. The interaction of GS and PAP significantly reduces the ecological impact of green investments, highlighting the significance of citizen involvement and the role of government in advancing ecological civilization. The findings also demonstrated that green investments, policy environments, public perception, and technology influence the ecological performance of businesses. They also demonstrate statistical robustness with low p-values. This information is essential for developing policies that support an ecological civilization, which is necessary for China and globally in light of the current climate crisis.

Assessing the environmental effects of ICT and renewable energy: roles of financial development, innovation, and trade

In today's world of rapidly expanding economies, the fundamental aim of most nations is to raise the quality of living for their citizens. The investigation aims to analyze how environmental rules affect the emergence of environmentally conscious economies. This research focused on China's 26 provinces to investigate the elements influencing green economic development. These components included information and communication technology (ICT), industrial structure (IND), human capital (EDU), and foreign direct investment. Spatial modeling and SBM methods were utilized to show that there is still a connection between the variables after all these years using yearly time series data that began in 2000. Overall, the results suggest that environmental regulation helps green economic development (GDE), whereas industrial structure significantly hinders. Similar to the previous point, information and communication technology has a favorable influence on building a sustainable economy. The problem of ensuring long-term economic growth via information and communication technology is complicated and has scholars engaged in exciting discussion. The expansion of the green economy is also affected by factors such as human capital and foreign direct investment. This study's findings illuminate the economic effects of environmental regulations and support the contention that such laws are necessary for accomplishing the win-win goals of green economic development and environmental protection. This means that the research provides a fresh perspective to consider the monetary effects of environmental restrictions.

Exploring the carbon emission reduction effect of local government attention: an analysis based on an environmental policy perspective

Government attention and policy implementation are important for achieving environmental goals. This study uses 257 cities in China from 2013-2019 as the sample and measures local government attention through text mining, thus exploring the carbon emission reduction effect of government attention. Threshold regression is further used to examine the role and nonlinear relationship that environmental policies assume in the effect of government attention on carbon emission reduction. The conclusions are as follows: first, government attention can significantly reduce carbon emissions: with a 1% increase in local government attention to environmental protection, China's urban CO2 can be reduced by 0.04%. Second, the impact of government attention on carbon emissions is more significant in cities in non-air pollution prevention areas, in non-SO2 and acid rain control areas, with longer tenure of officials, and with female officials serving during the sample period. Third, the effect of government attention on carbon emission reduction can be significantly increased under policy influence, especially when two policies are implemented in concert. Fourth, market incentive policies play a stronger role in the first place, while traditional energy-saving policies have strong sustainability. In general, the study concludes that municipalities should allocate more attention to the environment, and it gives some reasons supporting policy choices.

An unexpected contribution of higher education towards the innovations: the moderate role of green technology

Understanding how environmental restrictions affect the relationship between economic stability and unbalanced technical innovation is crucial for optimizing environmental and financial policy frameworks in developing nations to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). Understanding the driving effect of green funding on green development is vital for promoting economic transformation and achieving long-term green growth. Green growth is one of the most exciting new strategies for sustained economic expansion. Despite environmental technology's significance, further study is required to ascertain whether and how environmental technologies affect green development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how environmental technology may promote green growth in the G7 by reducing reliance on renewable and non-renewable energy sources. Investing in higher education is the most powerful thing a society can do intellectually if it is serious about attaining sustainability by applying skills, providing consulting, delivering training, and disseminating knowledge. Thus, the paper analyzes how the G7 countries' pursuit of green economic development is affected by economic policy uncertainty, investments in renewable energy, human capital, and health expenditure. The G7 economies' panel data from 2005 to 2021 was used to verify the assertions using the GMM estimate. Additional generalized method of moment (GMM) tests, including a one-step test and a two-step test with a robust check, are used to estimate the variables in this study. The research shows that economic policy uncertainty and health expenditure have negative effects on green economic growth, whereas investments in renewable energy, green finance, human capital, and an ageing population have favorable effects. The research findings direct the formulation of policy implications that would maintain the role of green financing as a growth engine in the Chinese economy.

Does eco-friendly tourism necessary for entrepreneurship? The role of tourism and innovation in sustainable development

Recent years have seen a surge in international interest in the connections between tourism, technological development, and climate change. This research looks at how increased innovation and tourism might help the economies of the Group of Seven to grow sustainably. Multiple panel unit root tests confirmed the unit root properties of the variables, and the cross-sectional dependency of the panel data from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed. Pedroni and Kao's tests reveal a co-integration link between the variables. Full-modified OLS and dynamic OLS studies show that innovation, as measured by patents and scholarly papers, is associated with economic growth and reduced pollution. In order to estimate the variables, this research makes use of the augmented mean group (AMG) and CCEMG. These findings demonstrate tourism's enormous positive effect on lowering pollution levels and growing economies, two key indicators of sustainable progress. According to the study's findings, asylum seekers did not help boost national economies or participate in national environmental improvement initiatives. Evidence suggests that primary enrollment levels promote sustainable development by reducing environmental degradation and fostering economic growth. The findings suggest that the G7 economies would benefit from increased investment in innovation, tourism infrastructure, and technical higher education. These results provide valuable input for businesses, politicians, and the G7 economies' sustainable development goals.

Assessing financial performance through green bond markets and energy reliance in Asian economies

This article's overarching goal is to learn more about the effects of financial performance on the reliance upon or migration to energy efficiency sources in Asian countries using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and system GMM from 2017 to 2022. The results demonstrated the importance of relying on renewable energy sources when expanding the electricity sector effectively in an Asian environment. This same influence of green bond financing on energy investment during an eco-friendly improving economy is in addition to the proportion of renewable energy demands, power usage to gross domestic product, power manufacturing stretchability, electricity usage stretchability, or the overall impact of renewable energy transformation. The analysis revealed that the organizational climate has implicit implications that advance wage activity and that Asian financial systems drove a 30% point transition in the period studied from traditional power generation manufacturing and use methods toward sustainable energy. With this, we see a dramatic increase in the use of green power. This is largely attributable to the widespread use of green financing in constructing hydroelectric facilities throughout Asia. The theoretical underpinnings and empirical setting of the research are both original. Moreover, the association between green bond issuance and green, sustainable growth in industry and agriculture supports the response theory. Major governmental aspects include modernizing and expanding the finance system, updating national efficiency metrics, and creating a technological long-term infrastructure market. While previous studies have looked into the connections between green finance and economic growth, technological advancements in the energy sector, environmental responsibility, and renewable energy sources, this study is the first to focus on how green finance facilitates the shift to renewable energy in Asia's economies. The study's findings suggest how to manage renewable energy in Asia in a way that could work.

Does Psychological crisis matter for college students: Role of digitalization and employment

This paper aims to describe the psychological crisis's impact on college students in China. The present study has investigated the impact of the usage of digitalization, psychological crisis, employment and age on the college student in China. The study used annual time series data from 2005 to 2020 from provinces in China. This study adopts the Cup-FM test to estimate the long-term association between the variables. The study applied Cup-BC and by-FM estimations to calculate robust and reliable outcomes. The findings show that usage of digitalization and psychological crisis negatively impact college students, whereas employment and age positively impact the college student. Moreover, the result of the interaction term psychological crisis on the usage of digitalization, employment and age has positively impacted college students. The estimated results also provide important policy implications for the China region in designing an appropriate way forward for college students.

Coordination evaluation of urban tourism and urban development based on TOPSIS method-a case of Xiamen city

Facing the current situation of tourism and urban prosperity and development, whether there is a contradiction between urban tourism and urban development, and whether they can always coordinate with each other will affect the sustainable development of both. In this context, the coordination of urban tourism and urban development has become an urgent research object. Based on the statistics of twenty indicators of urban tourism and urban development in Xiamen from 2014 to 2018, the article uses the TOPSIS analysis method to develop the number of tourists. Research results show that (1) the selected indicators all showed significant growth characteristics, and over time the coordination coefficient increases year by year and gradually approaches the ideal optimal value. (2) Among them, 2018 has the highest coordination coefficient, 0.9534. (3) The occurrence of "big events" has a double-sided effect on urban tourism and development coordination.

Converging concepts of sustainability and supply chain networks: a systematic literature review approach

In recent years, companies have been under increasing pressure from consumers, grassroots and community organizations, governments, and shareholders to develop and practice sustainable business practices. Academic and corporate interest in sustainable supply chain management has risen considerably in recent years. This can be seen in the number of papers published. This paper aims to systematically investigate the discipline of supply chain management (SCM) within the context of sustainability. The two concepts are increasingly aligned, and sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) represents an evolving field where they explicitly interact. The study proposes a conceptual framework to classify various factors along the triple bottom-line pillars of sustainability issues in the context of supply chains. The findings indicate that the existing literature is primarily focused on individual sustainability and supply chain dimensions rather than taking a more integrated approach. Also, the economic benefits of developing a sustainable supply chain for an organization are discussed in addition to specific features of sustainable supply chains and limitations of existing research; this should stimulate further research. Our analysis revealed trends and gaps, allowing us to create a solid agenda for additional SSCM research.

The digital economy and the green and high-quality development of the industry-a study on the mechanism of action and regional heterogeneity

Consistently rising carbon emissions in the global economy make it more challenging to meet the goals of the Paris climate agreement. Knowing what factors play a role is essential to help shape strategies to reduce carbon emissions. While there is a wealth of material on how GDP expansion correlates with increases in carbon emissions, little is known about how democracy and renewable energy could improve environmental conditions in developing nations. The purpose of this article was to use fair data to assess the effect of renewable energy and green technology advances on carbon neutrality in 23 provinces across China from 2005 to 2020. The research used the dynamic ordinary least square, the fully modified ordinary least square, and the two-step GMM to determine that digitalization, industrial development, and health expenditures result in lower carbon emissions. Urbanization, tourism, and per capita income in certain Chinese provinces also drove carbon emissions. The study also showed that the impact of these factors on carbon emissions varies depending on the amount of economic growth. Environmental pollution is reduced due to the digitalization of tourist and healthcare costs, industrial development, and urbanization. According to the study's findings, we advise these nations to seek economic growth and invest in health care and renewable energy initiatives.

The response of green finance toward the sustainable environment: the role of renewable energy development and institutional quality

The problem for developed and developing economies is achieving sustainable development and cleaner production. Income, institutional regulations, institutional quality, and international trade are the primary factors of environmental externalities. This research looks at 29 provinces in China between 2000 and 2020 to determine the effect of green finance, environmental regulations, income, urbanization, and waste management on renewable energy generation. Similarly, the current study uses the CUP-FM and CUP-BC for the empirical estimation. More precisely, the study shows the positive influences of environmental taxes, green finance index, income, urbanization, and waste management in renewable energy investment. However, the different measures of green finance, such as financial depth, financial stability, and financial efficiency, also positively contribute to renewable energy investment. Therefore, it can be considered the best solution to environmental sustainability. However, imperative policy implications are given to attain the peak of renewable energy investment.

Assessment of the role of renewable energy financing and information and communication technology in carbon neutrality: evidence from RCEP economies

Understanding the correlation between the various forms of financing and their propensity to invest in renewable energy (RE) innovation is crucial for its successful financing. We investigate the "path" taken by innovators in the financial sector. The UN Secretary-General announced the Sustainable Energy for All Initiative in 2012 to ensure that all people can access reliable, modern energy services by 2030. Substantial monetary and technological investments at a rate much surpassing historical levels are required to accomplish this goal. This research is aimed at determining if the combination of REF and ICT may help improve environmental quality. Using econometric methods, we examine time series data from RCEP economies from 2000 to 2019. This study describes another determinant of carbon emission: economic growth, tourism, and trade openness. The study employs Cup-FM and Cup-BC tests to check the results of variables in this study. The effect of economic growth, tourism, and trade significantly positively impacts carbon emissions in this model. However, renewable energy finance and ICT adversely impact the carbon emission level. Moreover, the moderate effect of renewable energy finance on information and communication technology, tourism, and trade is found to have a negative impact on carbon emissions. The policy recommendations suggest how a country can minimize carbon emissions.

Assessing the nexus between COVID-19 pandemic-driven economic crisis and economic policy: lesson learned and challenges

This study examines China's budgetary policy during the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of China's insufficient ability to deal with a new crisis when the epidemic struck in March 2020 and as a result of the economic crisis that began in China in March 2020. In order to better comprehend China's economic status during COVID-19, the study relies on secondary data. The fiscal response of emerging market economies like India is less than in advanced economies. However, it is generally considered to be in line with the average for emerging market economies. As a result of the Disaster Management authority imposing a rigorous lockdown, unemployment rose, the trade cycle was interrupted, and manufacturing and service activities were affected. According to the study's findings, China's economic policies, namely its fiscal policy, responded in the years leading up to 2019 by increasing health expenditure, income transfer, welfare payments, subsidies, and reducing short-term unemployment. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, China's government has adopted a number of measures to minimize the damage to the economy. This article also focuses on China's numerous budgetary actions with COVID-19.

Assessing the impact of entrepreneurial education activity on entrepreneurial intention and behavior: role of behavioral entrepreneurial mindset

This study explores the relationship between Entrepreneurship Education (EE) and Entrepreneurial Intentions (EI) using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). From January through May of 2022, students from 10 Chinese institutions were surveyed using an online questionnaire. According to the research, students' EI scores rose significantly after participating in EE. In addition, students in China had a more significant impact on EI regarding factors like perceived feasibility and desirability. This study extends the body of knowledge about the connection between prior exposure and early intervention (EI) by demonstrating the beneficial effects of PE on EI. In addition, the results suggest that girls have lower EI than males, which is good news for gender equality. Lastly, the behavioral entrepreneur attitude has a favorable correlation with EI. Policymakers and university administrators might use the findings to understand better how and when extracurricular activities (EE) improve students' emotional intelligence (EI). A pioneering empirical study in a developing South-Asian setting shows the relevance of EE on EI among students at private universities. According to the study, EE generates EI, and entrepreneurial enthusiasm is crucial.

Does green technology advancement and renewable electricity standard impact on carbon emissions in China: role of green finance

Renewable energy growth should be accelerated in order to meet our goal of carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions. Laws like the Renewable Electricity Standard (RES) are becoming increasingly important in producing renewable energy. Using green technology advancements is seen as balancing economic growth with environmental security. Though the connection between green technology advancements and CO₂ emissions is poorly understood, empirical research is lacking, especially in developing countries. Climate change action now falls under a single overarching contract, signed in Paris on November 4, 2016. Global warming mitigation aims to keep temperature increases to no more than 2 °C above preindustrial levels. By 2060, China intends to reach carbon neutrality by developing green technologies (GTI). Because of these interconnections, this research explores the relationship between green technology innovation (GI) and renewable energy investment (REI) in selected Chinese provinces from 2005 to 2019. GI, REI, urbanization, industrial value-added, and income per capita were all considered in the STIRPAT model. We used a panel of chosen regions to test two relatively new panel estimation methods empirically: "continuously updated fully modified" (Cup-FM) and "continuously updated bias-corrected" (Cup-BC). According to our findings, urbanization and green technological developments positively impact CO₂ emission reduction. The panel also finds that investments in renewable energy and the industrial sector fail to reduce pollution levels. A positive and negative coefficient of income per capita indicates that the inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis is valid for the Chinese provinces. The results provide vital strategy insights and recommendations for the panel of experts and countries worldwide.

Assessing the impact of R&D Investments, government subsidies on energy efficiency: empirical analysis from the Chinese listed firms

China's "Made in China (2025)" strategic plan aims to increase the industrial sector's ability to innovate independently. Cleaner production and green technology will also be used to build green industrial systems. To help achieve these goals, the Chinese government has implemented research and development (R&D) preferential policies. Over the years 2010-2020, this article examines how government subsidies and R&D spending will affect China's energy-intensive enterprises' energy efficiency using the CS-ARDL approach. It also evaluates the effectiveness of economic growth, urbanization, and financial resources on energy efficiency. The outcome reveals that R&D expenditures and economic growth contribute to energy efficiency. Likewise, the findings of urbanization, financial resources, and government subsidies are inversely associated with energy efficiency. Moreover, the panel causality test results show the bi-directional association between urbanization and energy efficiency, government subsidies and energy efficiency, and economic growth and energy efficiency. Likewise, the one-way causal association from R&D expenditures to energy efficiency and from financial resources to energy efficiency. The findings suggest the imperative policies to boost the level of energy efficiency.

Assessing the impact of green finance and urbanization on the tourism industry-an empirical study in China

There is a dearth of empirical studies looking at the link between green economic development and tourism in quantifiable terms. Using panel data from China's 30 provinces from 2005 to 2018, this study investigates the impact of green finance on China's tourism industry. Using renewable energy, income per capita, carbon emissions, and urbanizations as explanatory factors is also utilized. According to estimation, the findings reveal that green finance substantially impacts the tourism business. This positive effect is more pronounced in provinces where economic and social conditions are better, thus boosting the region's tourism industry. The same holds for income per capita, renewable energy, and environmental factors. In addition, urbanization has a negligible effect on the variable being studied. A further way to boost the growth of tourism is through the use of green finance. The empirical findings can benefit China's green financial planning and environmental sustainability.

Policy, technical change, and environmental efficiency: Evidence of China's power system from dynamic and spatial perspective

Feed-in tariff (FIT) and renewable portfolio standard (RPS) policies have been implemented to facilitate wind and solar power technologies with the aim of achieving sustainable development in power system. It is essential to study how efficient these policies are in accelerating technical progress and how efficient the power system is in balancing development and environmental protection. Dynamic network data envelopment analysis and the global Malmquist productivity index are first employed to study the environmental efficiency and technical progress, after which a dynamic spatial Durbin model is applied to analyze the impact of policies on technical progress. The results reveal that both FIT and RPS lead to technical progress which is the main driving force in environmental efficiency improvement, but that RPS performs better than FIT. From a spatial perspective, the adjacent regions usually show similar characteristics in technical progress. Therefore, future policy design should carefully consider the regional agglomeration effects and should effectively strengthen the implementation of RPS policy.

Does green finance and energy policy paradox demonstrate green economic recovery: Role of social capital and public health

Green economy development has become a mainstream value orientation in social and global economic development to protect and improve the ecological environment. Multiple stakeholders are needed to address complex issues, such as climate change and its impact on the ecological environment and public health. This study investigates the impact of energy policy and green finance on green economic recovery via the controlling role of social capital and public health. An entropy approach was used to measure the green economic index in addition to an econometric approximation for interpreting the longitudinal dataset for the scenarios for E7 countries between 2010 and 2020. The findings show that the development of green finance significantly improves green productivity. Higher levels of economic and social conditions, a lower level of public involvement in environmental protection, and a higher level of pollution amplify this positive effect. On the other hand, energy policy can enhance the impact of green finance development. The findings suggest that the empirical findings benefit green finance planning and energy policy.

Assessing the impact of governance and health expenditures on carbon emissions in China: Role of environmental regulation

The current study tries to summarize the leading factors and their behavior toward the environmental quality. Therefore, this study investigates the environment-development linkage in China's economy covering the period of 1984-2018. In order to investigate the proposed objectives, the current study uses the dynamic ordinary least square, fully modified ordinary least square and canonical co-integration regression with granger causality test. The results reveal that there exists an inverted U-shaped relationship in China's economy. Likewise, urbanization positively contributes to environmental deterioration. Furthermore, the health expenditures also cause to deteriorate the environmental quality. In contrast, there exists the negative association between good governance and carbon emissions, while the rule of law in China's economy does not secure the environmental quality. Therefore, environmental regulation policies need to be revised in order to achieve a sustainable environment. As a result, we recommend that China continue to expand its economy and invest in health care and environmental initiatives.

Modeling the influencing factors of electronic word-of-mouth about CSR on social networking sites

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) information can now be disseminated via social networking sites. An organization's image and upcoming portfolios are directly affected by electronic word of mouth (eWOM). It generates from its customers, employees, and other stakeholders. We developed a critical model to enlighten the behavior to share and comment on a negative news story about CSR displayed on Wechat and QQ to figure out what was causing this behavior. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and the partial least squares regression (PLS) approach were used to conduct a self-administered survey of hotel customers in China. Social and environmental awareness, information usefulness, corporate image, and a company's motivation to comment and share on CSR news were all considered explanatory variables in our study. We asked 300 Wechat and QQ users to rate a fake environmental news story. We found that social and environmental awareness affects the effectiveness of information and the attitude toward behavior, which may describe the eWOM intent of the particular news. On the other hand, corporate reputation could discourage people from disseminating eWOM and sharing the news with their social linkage contacts. The findings of the study suggest having a better understanding of how specific CSR activities can increase customers' commitment, which leads to positive eWOM, will benefit the hotel industry.

Impact of financial inclusion and globalization on environmental quality: evidence from G20 economies

Sustainable development and addressing climate change are among the most pressing issues faced by countries around the world. This research investigates the dynamic associations between financial inclusion, globalization and CO2 emissions of G20 nations from 2005 to 2018, considering the effects of industrial structure, corruption, green energy utilization and economic growth as control variables. In this study, both financial inclusion and globalization index were measured using principal component analysis (PCA). This study examines long-term associations using cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) technique that offers more accurate outcomes. In addition, the VECM Granger causality method was applied to find causal relationships between study variables. Findings show that in financial inclusion, globalization has positive significant effect on carbon emissions. Moreover, corruption and economic have positive impact on carbon emissions, and renewable energy shows negative impact on environmental quality. The findings of this research are critical for achieving sustainable development and pollution control goals. Governments need to work to bring into line the financial inclusion goals with renewable energy consumption habits and environmental strategies.

Does green finance mitigate the effects of climate variability: role of renewable energy investment and infrastructure

Few researches have inspected the task of green finance in reducing CO2 emissions, while earlier studies have inspected the influence of economic development on carbon emissions. A green finance development index is built using four indicators to fill in this knowledge gap: green credit, green insurance, green securities, and green investing. Using data spanning the years 2005-2019, a panel quantile regression is applied to investigate the links between green finance, renewable energy, and CO2 emissions. Increases in renewable energy use and advances in the green finance development index have contributed to a reduction in CO2 emissions from BRICS countries. CO2 emissions on the other hand slowed the growth of renewable energy use, slowed the flow of investment to green projects, and ultimately hampered the development of green finance. There was also a clear policy-driven influence on renewable energy spending in the countries of the BRICS region. Green finance policies, on the other hand, have consistently failed to have a long-term impact. Therefore, rising the consumption of renewable energy and creating a carbon trading market are all part of this study's recommendations for green finance policy improvement.

Industry 4.0 technology and circular economy practices: business management strategies for environmental sustainability

Circular economy and Industry 4.0 are two of the most hotly debated topics in recent decades. They gradually attracted the attention of academics, practitioners, and policymakers from around the globe. The current research looks at the impact of Industry 4.0 on circular economy practices and blockchain technology in order to boost firm performance. The closed questionnaire was used to collect cross-sectional data of 330 respondents, and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) modeling framework was used to demonstrate the findings of the study. The results show that blockchain technology improves circular economy practices significantly in terms of green manufacturing (GM), recycling and remanufacturing (RR), and green design (GD) in India. In addition, Industry 4.0 has the potential to improve business operations as well as financial performance and environmental performance significantly. As a result, the current research work offers recommendations for businesses to achieve long-term goals by incorporating Industry 4.0 into manufacturing systems.

Assessing the Role of Green Finance and Education as New Determinants to Mitigate Energy Poverty

Energy poverty (EP) is a problem that affects developed and developing economies, and its mitigation is of great significance to social welfare. EP affects Latin American countries, and policymakers have recently attempted to address this issue, particularly in the aftermath of the recent economic crisis. It is essential to measure and evaluate EP to implement strategies and policies effectively. Using a panel quantile regression approach, we investigate the heterogeneous impact of green finance, renewable energy (RE), and energy efficiency (EE) on EP for 33 Latin American countries from 2000 to 2018. Furthermore, certain associated control variables are incorporated into our model to avoid an omitted variable bias. According to empirical results, the impact of independent variables on EP is heterogeneous. Specifically, green finance is an essential source of alleviating EP, and it has a significant positive effect across all quantiles, but it is especially strong in the middle quantiles. RE and EE significantly mitigate EP, with the strongest effects occurring at higher quantiles. By including green finance, RE, and EE as the main explanatory determinants of EP, the findings urge policymakers in Latin American countries to design a comprehensive energy conservation policy to minimize the effects of massive EP.

Does Green Financing Develop a Cleaner Environment for Environmental Sustainability: Empirical Insights From Association of Southeast Asian Nations Economies

One of the most frequently used terms in climate change discussions is environmental sustainability. With economic growth and foreign direct investment as moderator factors, this study investigates the influence of green finance and financial development on environmental sustainability and growth in ASEAN economies from 2012 to 2019. ADF and Phillip-Peron (PP) unit root tests, fully modified least square (FMOLS), were employed for long-run empirical estimates. A substantial body of evidence supports the study’s findings using VECM technology. Green financing was negatively associated with CO2 emissions. However, environmental sustainability in ASEAN is favorably associated with green financing. It is also worth noting that green financing promotes environmental sustainability at the expenditure of economic growth. Financial development, foreign direct investment, R&D investment, and green technology foster economic expansion at the price of environmental sustainability. There are still many fences to green finance that need to be addressed, including pricing CO2 emissions and reforming inefficient nonrenewable fossil fuel subsidies. Local governments play a vital role in eliminating these barriers and addressing disincentives. It is recommended that policymakers push the financial sector to adopt a green finance strategy to further the goals of long-term sustainable development. Industry must integrate multiple objectives, such as inclusive growth and environmental protection and productivity, through an even broader range of legislative frameworks ideal for decoupling growth from social and ecological unsustainability, at the heart of the green manufacturing process.

Economic-Environmental Law Guarantee of the Green and Sustainable Development: Role of Health Expenditure and Innovation

Environmental regulation is a tool for teaching social and fiscal development that is carbon neutral. The highly polluting food industry in China is a threat to the country's long-term environmental stability and affects public health in a significant way. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of environmental parameters on environmental quality in China's food industry using the cross-sectionally augmented ARDL (CS-ARDL) model over the period of 2010 to 2019. We find that environmental regulations negatively and significantly impact environmental quality. The U-shape relationship exists between environmental regulation and environmental quality. Moreover, government expenditure on health and technological innovation reduces carbon emissions. The study's findings suggest new policy implications supporting the Porter Hypothesis. Finally, this paper offers policy suggestions for China's food industry to enhance its environmental performance.

Sensitivity of environmental performance index based on stochastic dominance

The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a popular sustainability index. It is a composite index which ranks 180 countries based on their environmental performance in 32 indicators. Using the EPI data and stochastic dominance efficiency methodology, this paper examines the sensitivity to the subjective weights assigned to the indicators and categories of environmental performance. The findings show a remarkable variation in environmental performance based on alternative weights which are selected using Stochastic Dominance criteria. Except for 2020, the environmental health category in EPI gets relatively higher importance in the optimal scenario, and ecosystem vitality gets relatively higher weights in the inferior scenario, suggesting that the environmental health category achievements have been relatively higher for most countries over time. The ranking analysis also shows major variations in country rankings with alternative weights. Two countries, Maldives and Gabon, would have experienced more than 100 position changes in their rankings with alternative weights. Furthermore, 67 countries would have experienced 30 or more position changes in their rankings and 37 countries experienced an EPI score change of more than 50 (out of 100) with alternative weights. Overall, the results illustrate the importance of sensitivity analysis of composite indices to increase reliability and transparency.

New Schemes for Investment in of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises of China: Role of Access to Finance, Innovation, and Sustainability

Firm innovation relies heavily on financing, which is why it is a hot topic in the fields of finance and innovation management. Organizations can make strategic investments in production factors to develop competitive advantages because they have access to financial resources. This study investigated how financial literacy, innovativeness, and environmental sustainability influence the sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This was set as the primary objective in order to better understand the nature of the impact of financial literacy and innovation on the sustainability of SME firms. To test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied using data collected from 300 small businesses firms in China. The results revealed that financial literacy and innovativeness significantly influence small firms’ sustainability. Additionally, social inclusion significantly affects small firms’ sustainability, and sequentially has a significant effect on their performance. Research findings suggested that small businesses incorporate sustainability models into their operations and enhance financial knowledge in order to maintain sustainability.

How Do Green Finance and Energy Efficiency Mitigate Carbon Emissions Without Reducing Economic Growth in G7 Countries?

Climate change is one of the most serious threats facing the world today. Environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources have been highlighted by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), paving the way for modern concepts such as sustainable growth to be introduced. Therefore, this research explores the relationship between green finance, energy efficiency, and CO2 emissions in the G7 countries. The study uses panel data model technique to examine the dependence structure of green finance, energy efficiency, and CO2 emissions. Moreover, we use DEA to construct an energy efficiency index of G7 countries. A specific interval exists between the values of the energy efficiency indexes. Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States were named the most energy-efficient countries in the world, based on results obtained for five consecutive years in this category. However, according to the comparative rankings, France and Italy are the most successful of all the G7 members, followed by the United Kingdom and Germany. Our overall findings of the econometric model confirm the negative impact of green finance and energy efficiency on CO2 emissions; however, this relationship varies across the different quantiles of the two variables. The findings in the study confirm that green finance is the best financial strategy for reducing CO2 emissions.

Modeling and Analyzing the Impact of the Internet of Things-Based Industry 4.0 on Circular Economy Practices for Sustainable Development: Evidence From the Food Processing Industry of China

The Industry 4.0 concept proposes that new cutting-edge technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), will grow. The acceptance of IoT in the circular economy (CE) is still in its infancy, despite its enormous potential. In the face of growing environmental affairs, IoT based Industry 4.0 technologies are altering CE practices and existing business models, according to the World Economic Forum. This research investigates the function of IoT-based Industry 4.0 in circular CE practices, as well as their impact on economic and environmental performance, which in turn influences overall organizational performance. China-based enterprises provide information for the study, which includes data from 300 companies. Utilizing a structural equation modeling framework known as partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The major findings are presented in the study: (I) the IoT significantly improves the activities of the CE; (II) the IoT significantly improves the practices of the CE; and (III) the IoT meaningfully advances the practices of CE (green manufacturing, circular design, remanufacturing, and recycling). Moreover, the findings shows that environmentally friendly business practices help enhance environmental performance of firm, while also stimulating their economic performance; and improved environmental performance has a significant positive influence on firm performance. This research lays the groundwork for contributing nations/companies to attain economic and long-term sustainability goals at the same time by incorporating IoT-based Industry 4.0 technology into CE practices.

Does Green Governance Efficiency and Green Finance Polices Matters in Sustainable Environment: Implications for Public Health

Rapid and widespread changes in the environment and climate, such as rising temperatures, water and air pollution, floods, and droughts, disease vector migration are putting human health at risk. In this case, green governance is an essential driver for the restructuring of economic development and realizing a green technological revolution for sustainable development and its implications for public health. This article aims to explore the effects and interrelationships of green governance and green finance policies on sustainable development in various regions of China's from 2008 to 2018 using panel data estimation technique. The findings show that China's overall green governance index and green finance policies resulted in a substantial decrease in environmental pollution during the study time. Financial inclusion also be a factor to the reduction of CO₂ emissions and has a positive influence on environmental security investment projects, according to our findings. China is on track to become a world leader in an enactment of green finance concept, and controllers must speed up the development of green finance products and strengthen financial institutions' ability to provide green credit. Policymakers should promote green governance and green fiancé to keenly play a part in environmental security projects that boost green spending while minimizing the procedural risk.

A Review of Historical Changes of Tropical and Extra-Tropical Cyclones: A Comparative Analysis of the United States, Europe, and Asia

Tropical cyclones are highly destructive weather systems, especially in coastal areas. Tropical cyclones with maximum sustained winds exceeding 74 mph (≈119 kph) are classified as typhoons in the Northwest Pacific, whilst the term ‘hurricanes’ applies to other regions. This study aims to investigate the general characteristics of the most devastating and catastrophic tropical cyclones in the USA Europe, and Asia. To achieve the study objectives, the three most devastating typical tropical cyclones in each region were selected. The tropical cyclones were examined based on various features, such as the number of deaths, minimum pressure, highest wind speed, total financial losses, and frequency per year. In contrast to Europe and Asia, the USA has recorded the highest number of catastrophic tropical cyclones. The damage induced by hurricanes Katrina, Harvey, and Maria in the USA totalled approximately USD USD 380 billion. In addition, the present research highlights the demand to improve the public attitude and behaviour toward the impact of climate change along with the enhancement of climate change alleviation strategies. The number of intense tropical cyclones is expected to rise, and the tropical cyclone-related precipitation rate is expected to increase in warmer-climate areas. Stakeholders and industrial practitioners may use the research findings to design resilience and adaptation plans in the face of tropical cyclones, allowing them to assess the effects of climate change on tropical cyclone incidents from an academic humanitarian logistics viewpoint in the forthcoming years.

Determinants of Social Commerce Usage and Online Impulse Purchase: Implications for Business and Digital Revolution

Since their introduction in the early 2000s, the use of social networking websites has exploded. Many businesses are seeing increased revenue due to their social commerce strategy. Despite the popularity of social commerce websites, some consumers are still hesitate to use them. This study aims to evaluate the factors that influence the adoption of social commerce. A sample of 721 Chinese We Chat users took part in the research. The findings reveal that social capital mediates the positive effect of social commerce adoption and perceived ease of use (PERU) on techno-stress and online impulse purchasing. Likewise, information overloading mediates the positive effect of social commerce adoption and PERU on techno-stress and online impulse purchasing. The findings have implications for both practice and research in understanding social commerce adoption in emerging economies.

Assessing the role of energy finance, green policies, and investment towards green economic recovery

Settling a "green recovery" at the center of all economic recuperation procedures is progressively seen as the finest and as the only way nations could restore their economies. Therefore, this study assesses the role of energy finance, green policies, and investment towards green economic recovery in the USA by using a linear econometric approach and nonlinear (DSGE) model. Considering the fiscal tax-lowering rate, for instance, the study evaluates the effects of fiscal measures on local fiscal pressures in the USA regarding the pandemic. The regression analysis shows that both energy finance and green energy policies have positive and statistically significant impacts on green investment. The results from the linear econometric approach indicate that every additional state green energy policy tool adopted is associated with 1% more green investment in the USA. In addition, the findings show that green policies in human resources and R&D of green energy technologies prompt a sustainable green economy through labor and technology-oriented production activities. Implications for scholars, investors, technology managers, and policymakers are derived and discussed.

Assessing the role of energy finance, green policies, and investment towards green economic recovery

Settling a "green recovery" at the center of all economic recuperation procedures is progressively seen as the finest and as the only way nations could restore their economies. Therefore, this study assesses the role of energy finance, green policies, and investment towards green economic recovery in the USA by using a linear econometric approach and nonlinear (DSGE) model. Considering the fiscal tax-lowering rate, for instance, the study evaluates the effects of fiscal measures on local fiscal pressures in the USA regarding the pandemic. The regression analysis shows that both energy finance and green energy policies have positive and statistically significant impacts on green investment. The results from the linear econometric approach indicate that every additional state green energy policy tool adopted is associated with 1% more green investment in the USA. In addition, the findings show that green policies in human resources and R&D of green energy technologies prompt a sustainable green economy through labor and technology-oriented production activities. Implications for scholars, investors, technology managers, and policymakers are derived and discussed.

Assessing the role of financing in sustainable business environment

Speedy economy-wide transition to less carbon-intensive energy generations sources needs extra sizable financing on ground-breaking, nevertheless, risky and less carbon-intensive generation sources. Maximizing the maximum non-government financing needs using the appropriate policy tools, however, fiscal strategies and directives have been thoroughly studied, systematic quantifiable indications about the impacts of government explicit financing is inadequate. We equally give an initial measurable calculation of the impact of government explicit financing on non-government financing into conventional electricity generation sources for 22 OECD nations in the year 2001-2018. Applying FGLS and non-dynamic and non-static GMM regressors, we discover that government financing unilaterally has an explicit and nevertheless reliably the most impacts on non-government financing movements compared to feed-in tariffs (FiTs), taxes, and renewable purchase obligations (RPS) in all and regarding wind and solar sources differently. Ramifications for policy geared towards fast-tracking the energy transition are deliberated. We highlighted those important dedications to scale-up wind and solar energy demands organized by financiers such as asset funding. Furthermore, to arrive at the energy crossover to a carbon-free power system, government and non-government financiers have to continue financing and expand their activities in financing studies, demonstration, and initial scale-up. We reveal that the delivery of government finance is directly correlated with non-government funding movements. Furthermore, we postulate that government policy incentives for non-government financing, nevertheless, have impacts of unconventional energy sources share on non-government financing more than those of FiTs. Ultimately, the supply of conventional fuels is a significant impediment to solar energy financing, while the existence of other sources of cleaner energies promotes non-government climate finance.

Assessing the role of financing in sustainable business environment

Speedy economy-wide transition to less carbon-intensive energy generations sources needs extra sizable financing on ground-breaking, nevertheless, risky and less carbon-intensive generation sources. Maximizing the maximum non-government financing needs using the appropriate policy tools, however, fiscal strategies and directives have been thoroughly studied, systematic quantifiable indications about the impacts of government explicit financing is inadequate. We equally give an initial measurable calculation of the impact of government explicit financing on non-government financing into conventional electricity generation sources for 22 OECD nations in the year 2001-2018. Applying FGLS and non-dynamic and non-static GMM regressors, we discover that government financing unilaterally has an explicit and nevertheless reliably the most impacts on non-government financing movements compared to feed-in tariffs (FiTs), taxes, and renewable purchase obligations (RPS) in all and regarding wind and solar sources differently. Ramifications for policy geared towards fast-tracking the energy transition are deliberated. We highlighted those important dedications to scale-up wind and solar energy demands organized by financiers such as asset funding. Furthermore, to arrive at the energy crossover to a carbon-free power system, government and non-government financiers have to continue financing and expand their activities in financing studies, demonstration, and initial scale-up. We reveal that the delivery of government finance is directly correlated with non-government funding movements. Furthermore, we postulate that government policy incentives for non-government financing, nevertheless, have impacts of unconventional energy sources share on non-government financing more than those of FiTs. Ultimately, the supply of conventional fuels is a significant impediment to solar energy financing, while the existence of other sources of cleaner energies promotes non-government climate finance.