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Meng X, Zheng E, Hou D, Qin M, Meng F, Chen P, Qi Z. The effect of biochar types on carbon cycles in farmland soils: A meta analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172623. [PMID: 38653414 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Application of biochar has been demonstrated to be a successful strategy for boosting soil carbon sequestration and altering the agricultural soil carbon cycle. However, in the studies involving biochar worldwide, the effects of different types of biochar on the soil carbon component response direction and increase are not consistent. Therefore, to assess the effects of applying four types of biochar during the soil carbon cycle on carbon components on a farmland, we performed a meta-analysis of 1150 comparisons from 86 peer-reviewed publications. Generally speaking, the types of biochar raw materials have a significant impact on soil carbon cycle. The application of chaff biochar significantly inhibited (10.0 %) soil respiration, while the application of manure biochar (47.0 %), straw biochar (11.2 %) and wood biochar (8.7 %) showed a strong promotion effect on CO2 emission. In addition, although the soil organic C, microbial biomass C and dissolved organic C all had positive responses to the application of the four biochar types, the degree and increase in their response varied greatly due to the differences in biomass raw materials. Moreover, by increasing the biochar rates applied to coarse-textured soils with low average annual rainfall and an average temperature under controlled circumstances, the relative increase in SOC was encouraged. Meanwhile, applying low temperature pyrolytic biochar (≤400 °C) at a lower rate (<25 t/ha) in the long-term experiment (>3 years) is more beneficial to soil C sequestration and emission reduction. Hence, climatic conditions, agricultural management practices, and initial soil properties jointly constrained and influenced the ability of biochar to alter the soil C cycle. Based on this, our research offers a fresh viewpoint for making a profound study biochar-enhanced soil C cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanchen Meng
- School of Hydraulic and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Ennan Zheng
- School of Hydraulic and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Dingmu Hou
- School of Hydraulic and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Mengting Qin
- School of Hydraulic and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Fanxiang Meng
- School of Hydraulic and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Zhijuan Qi
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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2
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Xu P, Wang Q, Duan C, Huang G, Dong K, Wang C. Biochar addition promotes soil organic carbon sequestration dominantly contributed by macro-aggregates in agricultural ecosystems of China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121042. [PMID: 38703652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Soil aggregates play pivotal roles in soil organic carbon (SOC) preservation and climate change. Biochar has been widely applied in agricultural ecosystems to improve soil physicochemical properties. However, the underlying mechanisms of SOC sequestration by soil aggregation with biochar addition are not well understood at a large scale. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of 2335 pairwise data from 45 studies to explore how soil aggregation sequestrated SOC after biochar addition in agricultural ecosystems of China. Biochar addition markedly enhanced the proportions of macro-aggregates and aggregate stability, and the production of organic binding agents positively facilitated the formation of macro-aggregates and aggregate stability. Soil aggregate-associated organic carbon (OC) indicated a significantly increasement by biochar addition, which was attributed to direct and indirect inputs of OC from biochar and organic residues, respectively. Biochar stimulated SOC sequestration dominantly contributed by macro-aggregates, and it could be interpreted by a greater improvement in proportions and OC protection of macro-aggregates. Furthermore, the SOC sequestration of soil aggregation with biochar addition was regulated by climate conditions (mean annual temperature and precipitation), biochar attributes (biochar C/N ratio and pH), experimental practices (biochar addition level and duration), and agronomic managements (land type, cropping intensity, fertilization condition, and crop type). Collectively, our synthetic analysis emphasized that biochar promoted the SOC sequestration by improving soil aggregation in agricultural ecosystems of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peidong Xu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecological Protection and Native Grass Germplasm Innovation, College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Chengjiao Duan
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Guoyong Huang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kuanhu Dong
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecological Protection and Native Grass Germplasm Innovation, College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecological Protection and Native Grass Germplasm Innovation, College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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Sultan H, Li Y, Ahmed W, Yixue M, Shah A, Faizan M, Ahmad A, Abbas HMM, Nie L, Khan MN. Biochar and nano biochar: Enhancing salt resilience in plants and soil while mitigating greenhouse gas emissions: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120448. [PMID: 38422850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Salinity stress poses a significant challenge to agriculture, impacting soil health, plant growth and contributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In response to these intertwined challenges, the use of biochar and its nanoscale counterpart, nano-biochar, has gained increasing attention. This comprehensive review explores the heterogeneous role of biochar and nano-biochar in enhancing salt resilience in plants and soil while concurrently mitigating GHG emissions. The review discusses the effects of these amendments on soil physicochemical properties, improved water and nutrient uptake, reduced oxidative damage, enhanced growth and the alternation of soil microbial communities, enhance soil fertility and resilience. Furthermore, it examines their impact on plant growth, ion homeostasis, osmotic adjustment and plant stress tolerance, promoting plant development under salinity stress conditions. Emphasis is placed on the potential of biochar and nano-biochar to influence soil microbial activities, leading to altered emissions of GHG emissions, particularly nitrous oxide(N2O) and methane(CH4), contributing to climate change mitigation. The comprehensive synthesis of current research findings in this review provides insights into the multifunctional applications of biochar and nano-biochar, highlighting their potential to address salinity stress in agriculture and their role in sustainable soil and environmental management. Moreover, it identifies areas for further investigation, aiming to enhance our understanding of the intricate interplay between biochar, nano-biochar, soil, plants, and greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Sultan
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Yusheng Li
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Waqas Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mu Yixue
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Asad Shah
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Mohammad Faizan
- Botany Section, School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, 2751, Australia
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Mazhar Abbas
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Lixiao Nie
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Mohammad Nauman Khan
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
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Viana RDSR, Figueiredo CCD, Chagas JKM, Paz-Ferreiro J. Combined use of biochar and phosphate rocks on phosphorus and heavy metal availability: A meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120204. [PMID: 38278116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) and phosphate rocks (PR) are alternative nutrient sources with multiple benefits for sustainable agriculture. The combination of these soil amendments serves two main purposes: to increase soil phosphorus (P) availability and to remediate heavy metal (HM) contamination. However, a further demonstration of the benefits and risks associated with the combined use of BC and PR (BC + PR) is needed, considering the specific characteristics of raw materials, soil types, experimental conditions, and climatic contexts. This meta-analysis is based on data from 28 selected studies, including 581 paired combinations evaluating effects on extraction and fractionation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), and 290 paired combinations for soil labile and non-labile P. The results reveal that BC, PR, and BC + PR significantly increase soil labile and non-labile P, with BC + PR showing a 150% greater increase compared to BC alone. In tropical regions, substantial increases in P levels were observed with BC, PR, and BC + PR exhibiting increments of 317, 798, and 288%, respectively. In contrast, temperate climate conditions showed lower increases, with BC, PR, and BC + PR indicating 54, 123, and 88% rises in soil P levels. Moreover, BC, PR, and BC + PR effectively reduce the bioavailability of Cd and Pb in soil, with BC + PR demonstrating the highest efficacy in immobilizing Cd. The synergistic effect of BC + PR highlights their potential for Cd remediation. BC + PR effectively reduces the exchangeable fraction of Cd and Pb in soil, leading to their immobilization in more stable forms, such as the residual fraction. This study provides valuable insights into the remediation potential and P management benefits of BC and PR, highlighting their importance for sustainable agriculture and soil remediation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jhon Kenedy Moura Chagas
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, 70910-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jorge Paz-Ferreiro
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, 3001, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Dhamu VN, Somenahally AC, Paul A, Muthukumar S, Prasad S. Characterization of an In-Situ Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) via a Smart-Electrochemical Sensing Approach. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1153. [PMID: 38400311 PMCID: PMC10892086 DOI: 10.3390/s24041153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Soil is a vital component of the ecosystem that drives the holistic homeostasis of the environment. Directly, soil quality and health by means of sufficient levels of soil nutrients are required for sustainable agricultural practices for ideal crop yield. Among these groups of nutrients, soil carbon is a factor which has a dominating effect on greenhouse carbon phenomena and thereby the climate change rate and its influence on the planet. It influences the fertility of soil and other conditions like enriched nutrient cycling and water retention that forms the basis for modern 'regenerative agriculture'. Implementation of soil sensors would be fundamentally beneficial to characterize the soil parameters in a local as well as global environmental impact standpoint, and electrochemistry as a transduction mode is very apt due to its feasibility and ease of applicability. Organic Matter present in soil (SOM) changes the electroanalytical behavior of moieties present that are carbon-derived. Hence, an electrochemical-based 'bottom-up' approach is evaluated in this study to track soil organic carbon (SOC). As part of this setup, soil as a solid-phase electrolyte as in a standard electrochemical cell and electrode probes functionalized with correlated ionic species on top of the metalized electrodes are utilized. The surficial interface is biased using a square pulsed charge, thereby studying the effect of the polar current as a function of the SOC profile. The sensor formulation composite used is such that materials have higher capacity to interact with organic carbon pools in soil. The proposed sensor platform is then compared against the standard combustion method for SOC analysis and its merit is evaluated as a potential in situ, on-demand electrochemical soil analysis platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Narayanan Dhamu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (V.N.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Anil C Somenahally
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Overton, TX 75684, USA;
| | - Anirban Paul
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (V.N.D.); (A.P.)
| | | | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (V.N.D.); (A.P.)
- EnLiSense LLC, Allen, TX 75013, USA;
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Li B, Guo Y, Liang F, Liu W, Wang Y, Cao W, Song H, Chen J, Guo J. Global integrative meta-analysis of the responses in soil organic carbon stock to biochar amendment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119745. [PMID: 38061094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Applying biochar to soil has been recognized as a promising practice of climate-smart agriculture, with considerable potential in enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Previous studies showed that biochar-induced increases in SOC stock varied substantially among experiments, while the explanatory factors responsible for such variability are still not well assessed. Here, we conducted an integrative meta-analysis of the magnitude and efficiency of biochar-induced change in SOC stock, using a database including 476 field measurements at 101 sites across the globe. Biochar amendment increased SOC stock by 6.13 ± 1.62 (95% confidence interval, CI) and 7.01 ± 1.11 (95% CI) Mg C ha-1, respectively, compared to their unfertilized (R0) and mineral nitrogen (N) fertilized (Rn) references. Of which approx. 52% (R0) and 50% (Rn) were contributed directly by biochar-C input. Corresponding biochar carbon efficiencies in R0 and Rn datasets were estimated as 58.20 ± 10.37% and 65.58 ± 9.26% (95% CI), respectively. The change magnitude of SOC stock increased significantly (p < 0.01) with the increasing amount of biochar-C input, while carbon efficiency of biochar showed an opposite trend. Biochar amendment sequestered larger amounts of SOC with higher efficiency in acidic and loamy soils than in alkaline and sandy soils. Biochar amendments with higher C/N ratio caused higher SOC increase than those with lower C/N ratio. Random forest (RF) algorithm showed that accumulative biochar-C input, soil pH, and biochar C/N ratio were the three most-important factors regulating the SOC stock responses. Overall, these results suggest that applying high C/N ratio biochar in acidic soils is a recommendable agricultural practice from the perspective of enhancing organic carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binzhe Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanling Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fei Liang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Wenchao Cao
- Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - He Song
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jingsheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingheng Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Li X, Wu D, Liu X, Huang Y, Cai A, Xu H, Ran J, Xiao J, Zhang W. A global dataset of biochar application effects on crop yield, soil properties, and greenhouse gas emissions. Sci Data 2024; 11:57. [PMID: 38195633 PMCID: PMC10776752 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Biochar application is widely studied to mitigate the threats of soil degradation to food security and climate change. However, there are big variations in the effects of biochar application on crops, soils, and the atmosphere during crop production. This study provides a global dataset of biochar application effects on crop yield, soil properties, and greenhouse emissions. The dataset is extracted and integrated from 367 peer-reviewed studies with 891 independent field, laboratory, and incubation experiments across 37 countries. This dataset includes 21 variables before and after biochar application (including soil properties, crop yield, greenhouse gas emissions, etc.) of 2438 items, focusing on two main biochar application types: biochar application alone and combined with fertilizers. Background information on climate conditions, initial soil properties, management practices, and characteristics of biochar sources and production is also contained in the dataset. This dataset facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the impact of biochar application, supports the utilization of agricultural wastes for biochar production, and assists researchers in refining experimental protocols for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux AgroBio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Dong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yaping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Andong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College Natural of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiwei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Zhang N, Ye X, Gao Y, Liu G, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Liu E, Sun S, Ren X, Jia Z, Siddique KHM, Zhang P. Environment and agricultural practices regulate enhanced biochar-induced soil carbon pools and crop yield: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167290. [PMID: 37742948 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Using biochar in agriculture to enhance soil carbon storage and productivity has been recognized as an effective means of carbon sequestration. However, the effects on crop yield and soil carbon and nitrogen can vary depending on environmental conditions, field management, and biochar conditions. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to identify the factors contributing to these inconsistencies. We found that biochar application significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidized carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total nitrogen (TN), and the C:N ratio in topsoil (0-20 cm) and crop yields. Biochar was most effective in tropical regions, increasing SOC, Soil TN, and crop yield the most, with relatively moderate pyrolysis temperatures (550-650 °C) more conducive to SOC accumulation and relatively low pyrolysis temperatures (<350 °C) more conducive to increasing soil carbon components and crop yields. Biochar made from manure effectively increased soil carbon components and TN. Soil with low fertility (original SOC < 5 g kg-1; original TN < 0.6 g kg-1), coarse texture, and acidity (pH < 5.5) showed more effective results. However, biochar application rates should not be too high and should be combined with appropriate nitrogen fertilizer. And biochar application had long-term positive effects on soil carbon storage and crop yield. Overall, we recommend using small amounts of biochar with lower pyrolysis temperatures in soils with low fertility, coarse texture, and tropical regions for optimal economic and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhai Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Ye
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Enke Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shikun Sun
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhikuan Jia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA6001, Australia
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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9
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Zhang C, Miao Y, Malghani S, Liu G, Liao X. Biochar combined with different nitrogen fertilization rates increased crop yield and greenhouse gas emissions in a rapeseed-soybean rotation system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118915. [PMID: 37660420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Biochar as agricultural soil amendment has been extensively investigated for its potential to sequester carbon, to mitigate greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, to enhance soil fertility and enhance crop yields. In this study, we investigated the impact of varying N fertilization rates in conjunction with biochar on soil properties, crop yield, and GHGs emissions in a rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)-soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) rotation system for one year. Biochar and N fertilizer were applied following a factorial combination design of three biochar (B0: 0 t hm-2, B1: 15 t hm-2, and B2: 60 t hm-2) and three N fertilizer application rates (H: 100%, M: 75%, and L: 50% of the conventional application rates). In general, there was no significant effect of N fertilizer and its interaction with biochar application on soil water content, pH, and total carbon content, but the addition of biochar significantly increased these parameters (P < 0.05). The yield of both crops were significantly augmented by biochar up to 75% compared to using N fertilization alone, potentially due to enhanced N use efficiency. However, biochar significantly increased the cumulative N2O and CH4 emissions by as much as 2.2 times and 19 times, respectively, during the rapeseed season, thereby elevating the global warming potential (GWP) and the yield-scaled GWP. Nevertheless, the significantly increased soil carbon content following biochar addition might boost soil carbon sequestration, which could counterbalance the escalating GWP induced by GHGs. Therefore, we recommend a comprehensive and long-term evaluation of biochar's impact by considering crop yield, GHGs emissions, and carbon sequestration in agricultural systems to ensure sustainable agricultural management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Yulin Miao
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Saadatullah Malghani
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Guodong Liu
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Xiaolin Liao
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
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10
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Liao W, Halim MA, Kayes I, Drake JAP, Thomas SC. Biochar Benefits Green Infrastructure: Global Meta-Analysis and Synthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15475-15486. [PMID: 37788297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization has degraded ecosystem services on a global scale, and cities are vulnerable to long-term stresses and risks exacerbated by climate change. Green infrastructure (GI) has been increasingly implemented in cities to improve ecosystem functions and enhance city resilience, yet GI degradation or failure is common. Biochar has been recently suggested as an ideal substrate additive for a range of GI types due to its favorable properties; however, the generality of biochar benefits the GI ecosystem function, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we present a global meta-analysis and synthesis and demonstrate that biochar additions pervasively benefit a wide range of ecosystem functions on GI. Biochar applications were found to improve substrate water retention capacity by 23% and enhance substrate nutrients by 12-31%, contributing to a 33% increase in plant total biomass. Improved substrate physicochemical properties and plant growth together reduce discharge water volume and improve discharge water quality from GI. In addition, biochar increases microbial biomass on GI by ∼150% due to the presence of biochar pores and enhanced microbial growth conditions, while also reducing CO2 and N2O emissions. Overall results suggest that biochar has great potential to enhance GI ecosystem functions as well as urban sustainability and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Liao
- Institute of Forestry and Conservation, John H Daniels Faculty of Architecture Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada
| | - Md Abdul Halim
- Institute of Forestry and Conservation, John H Daniels Faculty of Architecture Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada
| | - Imrul Kayes
- Institute of Forestry and Conservation, John H Daniels Faculty of Architecture Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada
| | - Jennifer A P Drake
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Sean C Thomas
- Institute of Forestry and Conservation, John H Daniels Faculty of Architecture Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada
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11
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Liberati D, Ahmed SW, Samad N, Mugnaioni R, Shaukat S, Muddasir M, Marinari S, De Angelis P. Biochar amendment for reducing the environmental impacts of reclaimed polluted sediments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118623. [PMID: 37481915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Dredging activities produce large amounts of polluted sediments that require adequate management strategies. Sediment reuse and relocation can involve several environmental issues, such as the release of CO2 and nitrogen compounds in the environment, the transfer of metals to plant tissues and the persistence of phytotoxic compounds. In this framework, the aim of the present work is to evaluate the use of biochar at different doses, in combination with plant growth, to reduce the environmental impacts polluted dredged sediments. Irrespective to the plant treatment, the amendment of the sediment with the lowest dose of biochar (3%) reduced by 25% the CO2 emissions of the substrate, by 89% the substrate carbon loss and by 35% the amount of nitrogen released into the environment (average values of the three plant treatments). The negative priming effect of biochar on organic matter mineralization can be responsible for the beneficial reduction of carbon and nitrogen release in the environment. The lack of similar effects observed at the higher biochar doses can depend on the low albedo of the biochar particles, causing the substrate warming (+1 °C for highest biochar dose) and accelerating the organic matter mineralization. Finally, shrub growth in combination with 3% biochar was able to offset the CO2 emission of the sediment and to reduce the amount of nitrogen lost. This work provides new insight on the potential benefit related to the biochar amendment of organic matter-rich dredged sediments, suggesting that the use of moderate dose of wood biochar in combination with shrub plantation can reduce the release of CO2 and nitrogen compounds in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Liberati
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Syed Wasif Ahmed
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Nafeesa Samad
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Italy
| | - Roberta Mugnaioni
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Sundas Shaukat
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy; Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - Muhammad Muddasir
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Sara Marinari
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paolo De Angelis
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
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12
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Shrestha RK, Jacinthe PA, Lal R, Lorenz K, Singh MP, Demyan SM, Ren W, Lindsey LE. Biochar as a negative emission technology: A synthesis of field research on greenhouse gas emissions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2023; 52:769-798. [PMID: 36905388 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is one of the few nature-based technologies with potential to help achieve net-zero emissions agriculture. Such an outcome would involve the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from agroecosystems and optimization of soil organic carbon sequestration. Interest in biochar application is heightened by its several co-benefits. Several reviews summarized past investigations on biochar, but these reviews mostly included laboratory, greenhouse, and mesocosm experiments. A synthesis of field studies is lacking, especially from a climate change mitigation standpoint. Our objectives are to (1) synthesize advances in field-based studies that have examined the GHG mitigation capacity of soil application of biochar and (2) identify limitations of the technology and research priorities. Field studies, published before 2022, were reviewed. Biochar has variable effects on GHG emissions, ranging from decrease, increase, to no change. Across studies, biochar reduced emissions of nitrous oxide (N2 O) by 18% and methane (CH4 ) by 3% but increased carbon dioxide (CO2 ) by 1.9%. When biochar was combined with N-fertilizer, it reduced CO2 , CH4 , and N2 O emissions in 61%, 64%, and 84% of the observations, and biochar plus other amendments reduced emissions in 78%, 92%, and 85% of the observations, respectively. Biochar has shown potential to reduce GHG emissions from soils, but long-term studies are needed to address discrepancies in emissions and identify best practices (rate, depth, and frequency) of biochar application to agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj K Shrestha
- Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pierre-Andre Jacinthe
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rattan Lal
- CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management and Sequestration, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Klaus Lorenz
- CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management and Sequestration, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Maninder P Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott M Demyan
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Laura E Lindsey
- Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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13
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Zhang C, Zhao X, Liang A, Li Y, Song Q, Li X, Li D, Hou N. Insight into the soil aggregate-mediated restoration mechanism of degraded black soil via biochar addition: Emphasizing the driving role of core microbial communities and nutrient cycling. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115895. [PMID: 37054835 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbial communities are responsive to biochar application. However, few studies have investigated the synergistic effects of biochar application in the restoration of degraded black soil, especially soil aggregate-mediated microbial community changes that improve soil quality. From the perspective of soil aggregates, this study explored the potential microbial driving mechanism of biochar (derived from soybean straw) addition in black soil restoration in Northeast China. The results showed that biochar significantly improved the soil organic carbon, cation exchange capacity and water content, which play crucial roles in aggregate stability. The addition of biochar also significantly increased the concentration of the bacterial community in mega-aggregates (ME; 0.25-2 mm) compared with micro-aggregates (MI; <0.25 mm). Microbial co-occurrence networks analysis showed that biochar enhanced microbial interactions in terms of the number of links and modularity, particularly in ME. 16 S rRNA sequencing predicted that the expression of genes related to carbon (rbcL, acsA, gltS, aclB, and mcrA) and nitrogen (nifH and amoA) transformation increased after the addition of biochar. Furthermore, the functional microbes involved in carbon fixation (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) and nitrification (Proteobacteria) were significantly enriched and are the key regulators of carbon and nitrogen kinetics. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis further showed that the application of biochar promoted soil aggregates to positively regulate the abundance of soil nutrient conversion-related microorganisms, thereby increasing soil nutrient content and enzyme activities. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of soil restoration through biochar addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Aijie Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yunying Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Qiuying Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xianyue Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
| | - Ning Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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14
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Brown RW, Chadwick DR, Bott T, West HM, Wilson P, Hodgins GR, Snape CE, Jones DL. Biochar application to temperate grasslands: challenges and opportunities for delivering multiple ecosystem services. BIOCHAR 2023; 5:33. [PMID: 37325199 PMCID: PMC10261193 DOI: 10.1007/s42773-023-00232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Grasslands (natural, semi-natural and improved) occupy approximately one-third of the terrestrial biosphere and are key for global ecosystem service provision, storing up to 30% of soil organic carbon (SOC). To date, most research on soil carbon (C) sequestration has focused on croplands where the levels of native soil organic matter (SOM) are typically low and significant potential exists to replenish SOM stocks. However, with the renewed push to achieve "net zero" C emissions by 2050, grasslands may offer an additional C store, utilising tools such as biochar. Here, we critically evaluate the potential for biochar as a technology for increasing grassland C stocks, identifying a number of practical, economic, social and legislative challenges that need to be addressed before the widescale adoption of biochar may be achieved. We critically assess the current knowledge within the field of grassland biochar research in the context of ecosystem service provision and provide opinions on the applicability of biochar as an amendment to different types of grassland (improved, semi-improved and unimproved) and the potential effect on ecosystem provision using a range of application techniques in the topsoil and subsoil. We concluded that the key question remains, is it possible for managed grasslands to store more C, without causing a loss in additional ecosystem services? To address this question future research must take a more multidisciplinary and holistic approach when evaluating the potential role of biochar at sequestering C in grasslands to mitigate climate change. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42773-023-00232-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Brown
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2UW Gwynedd UK
| | - David R. Chadwick
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2UW Gwynedd UK
| | - Tom Bott
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK
| | - Helen M. West
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK
| | - Paul Wilson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD UK
| | - Genevieve R. Hodgins
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG7 2TU UK
| | - Colin E. Snape
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG7 2TU UK
| | - Davey L. Jones
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2UW Gwynedd UK
- Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems, Food Futures Institute, SoilsWest, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
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15
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Jin J, Khan S, Mohamed Eltohamy K, He S, Liu C, Li F, Liang X. Biochar-coupled organic fertilizer reduced soil water-dispersible colloidal phosphorus contents in agricultural fields. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138963. [PMID: 37201601 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soil water-dispersible colloidal phosphorus (WCP) presents high mobility, however, the regulatory effect of biochar-coupled organic fertilizer is rarely known, especially under different cropping patterns. This study investigated the P adsorption, soil aggregate stability, and WCP in three paddy and three vegetable fields. These soils were amended with different fertilizers (chemical fertilizer, CF; substitution of solid-sheep manure or liquid-biogas slurry organic fertilizer, SOF/LOF; substitution of biochar-coupled organic fertilizers, BSOF/BLOF). Results presented that the LOF averagely increased the WCP contents by 50.2% across the sites, but the SOF and BSOF/BLOF averagely decreased their contents by 38.5% and 50.7% in comparison with the CF. The WCP decline in the BSOF/BLOF-amended soils was mainly attributed to the intensive P adsorption capacity and soil aggregate stability. The BSOF/BLOF increased the amorphous Fe and Al contents in the fields in comparison with the CF, which improved the adsorption capacity of soil particles, further improving the maximum absorbed P (Qmax) and reducing the dissolved organic matter (DOC), leading to the improvement of > 2 mm water-stable aggregate (WSA>2mm) and subsequent WCP decrease. This was proved by the remarkable negative associations between the WCP and Qmax (R2 = 0.78, p < 0.01) and WSA>2mm (R2 = 0.74, p < 0.01). This study manifests that biochar-coupled organic fertilizer could effectively reduce soil WCP content via the improvement of P adsorption and aggregate stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Sangar Khan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Kamel Mohamed Eltohamy
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Department of Water Relations & Field Irrigation, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Shuang He
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Chunlong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 130102, PR China
| | - Fayong Li
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Xinjiang, 843300, PR China
| | - Xinqiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 130102, PR China.
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16
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Zhou R, Liu Y, Dungait JAJ, Kumar A, Wang J, Tiemann LK, Zhang F, Kuzyakov Y, Tian J. Microbial necromass in cropland soils: A global meta-analysis of management effects. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1998-2014. [PMID: 36751727 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microbial necromass is a large and persistent component of soil organic carbon (SOC), especially under croplands. The effects of cropland management on microbial necromass accumulation and its contribution to SOC have been measured in individual studies but have not yet been summarized on the global scale. We conducted a meta-analysis of 481-paired measurements from cropland soils to examine the management effects on microbial necromass and identify the optimal conditions for its accumulation. Nitrogen fertilization increased total microbial necromass C by 12%, cover crops by 14%, no or reduced tillage (NT/RT) by 20%, manure by 21%, and straw amendment by 21%. Microbial necromass accumulation was independent of biochar addition. NT/RT and straw amendment increased fungal necromass and its contribution to SOC more than bacterial necromass. Manure increased bacterial necromass higher than fungal, leading to decreased ratio of fungal-to-bacterial necromass. Greater microbial necromass increases after straw amendments were common under semi-arid and in cool climates in soils with pH <8, and were proportional to the amount of straw input. In contrast, NT/RT increased microbial necromass mainly under warm and humid climates. Manure application increased microbial necromass irrespective of soil properties and climate. Management effects were especially strong when applied during medium (3-10 years) to long (10+ years) periods to soils with larger initial SOC contents, but were absent in sandy soils. Close positive links between microbial biomass, necromass and SOC indicate the important role of stabilized microbial products for C accrual. Microbial necromass contribution to SOC increment (accumulation efficiency) under NT/RT, cover crops, manure and straw amendment ranged from 45% to 52%, which was 9%-16% larger than under N fertilization. In summary, long-term cropland management increases SOC by enhancing microbial necromass accumulation, and optimizing microbial necromass accumulation and its contribution to SOC sequestration requires site-specific management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer A J Dungait
- Carbon Management Centre, SRUC-Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lisa K Tiemann
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
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17
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Tian L, Chang Z, Ren Z, Chen Q, Wu M, Pan B, Xing B. Embedding of biochar in soil mineral fractions: Evidence from benzene polycarboxylic acids molecular biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159025. [PMID: 36167136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Investigators are debating on the positive and negative priming effects of biochar on native soil organic carbon (SOC), which is largely attributed to the technical barrier of identifying biochar contribution to the apparently measured SOC or mineralized CO2. We combined benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs) molecular biomarkers and soil particle density fractionation to identify biochar contributions to the carbon content in three representative allitic soils in Yunnan. The soil-biochar mixture was incubated for one-month to avoid significant biodegradation of biochar. The results showed that BPCAs were mainly distributed in free light fractions (fLF) up to 87 % of the total BPCAs contents after one month incubation. Recognition of BPCAs in occluded light fractions (oLF) and heavy fractions (HF) suggested a significant interaction between biochar and soil mineral particles. In addition, the percentage of B6CA is comparable or even higher in HF than in fLF or oLF. Thus, biochar-mineral interactions may be an additional stabilization mechanism besides the condensed aromatic structures in biochar. The apparently measured carbon contents increased after biochar application, and both positive and negative priming effects to native SOC were observed after deducting biochar contents based an accurate calculation from BPCAs. The most native SOC depletion (positive priming effects) was noted for the soil with the most favored biochar embedding in soil mineral compositions. This study emphasized that combining BPCAs molecular biomarkers and soil particle density fractionation could accurately quantify different carbon pools, and thus facilitate a comprehensive understanding on the stabilization and turnover of biochar in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhaofeng Chang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zexiao Ren
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
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18
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Qiu H, Liu J, Boorboori MR, Li D, Chen S, Ma X, Cheng P, Zhang H. Effect of biochar application rate on changes in soil labile organic carbon fractions and the association between bacterial community assembly and carbon metabolism with time. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158876. [PMID: 36152866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar aging affects the stability of soil carbon. Analyzing the effect of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC) forms and their relations with microbial community assembly and carbon metabolism with time is helpful for soil carbon sequestration (by adapting the farm management approach). Four treatments with no, low, medium, and high biochar application rates (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 4 % of the total dry weight of topsoil before winter wheat planting, abbreviated as control, LB, MB, and HB, respectively) were conducted in the field. The SOC and particulate organic carbon positively correlated with the biochar application rate. Biochar decreased readily oxidizable carbon (P < 0.05) after 8 months of application compared to the control; however, the difference disappeared with time. Biochar increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) but had no effect on water- soluble organic carbon (WSOC); DOC and WSOC decreased with time. Furthermore, LB and HB stabilized the bacterial alpha diversities with time. Based on high-throughput sequencing, HB reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota but increased that of Acidobacteria (P < 0.05) after 12 months of biochar application. Time-wise, the bacterial community assembly was determined by deterministic processes that were significantly affected by the available nitrogen, DOC, or WSOC. Compared with the control, biochar decreased bacterial links and improved bacterial metabolism of phenolic acids and polymers with time, as evidenced by Biolog EcoPlates. Structural equation modeling revealed that the contribution of bacterial assembly processes to carbon metabolism changed with time. Microbial carbon metabolism was most positively influenced by differences in the composition of bacterial specialists. These findings reinforced that changes in soil labile organic carbon were time-dependent but not necessarilty affected by the biochar application rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husen Qiu
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Jieyun Liu
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China.
| | - Mohammad Reza Boorboori
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - De Li
- Suzhou Meteorological Bureau of Anhui, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Xun Ma
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
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Dalle Fratte M, Montagnoli A, Anelli S, Armiraglio S, Beatrice P, Ceriani A, Lipreri E, Miali A, Nastasio P, Cerabolini BEL. Mulching in lowland hay meadows drives an adaptive convergence of above- and below-ground traits reducing plasticity and improving biomass: A possible tool for enhancing phytoremediation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1062911. [PMID: 36523619 PMCID: PMC9746715 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1062911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to understand the effect of mulching (i.e., cutting and leaving the crushed biomass to decompose in situ) on above- and below-ground plant functional traits and whether this practice may be a potential tool for enhancing the phytoremediation of lowland hay meadows. To this aim, we evaluated at the community level seven years of mulching application in a PCBs and HMs soil-polluted Site of National Interest (SIN Brescia-Caffaro) through the analysis of the floristic composition and the above- and below-ground plant traits. We found that the abandonment of agricultural activities led to a marked increase in the soil organic carbon and pH, and the over-imposed mulching additionally induced a slight increase in soil nutrients. Mulching favored the establishment of a productive plant community characterized by a more conservative-resource strategy, a higher biomass development, and lower plasticity through an adaptative convergence between above- and below-ground organs. In particular, the analysis of the root depth distribution highlighted the key role of roots living in the upper soil layer (10 cm). Mulching did not show a significant effect on plant species known to be effective in terms of PCB phytoremediation. However, the mulching application appears to be a promising tool for enhancing the root web that functions as the backbone for the proliferation of microbes devoted to organic contaminants' degradation and selects a two-fold number of plant species known to be metal-tolerant. However, besides these potential positive effects of the mulching application, favoring species with a higher biomass development, in the long term, may lead to a biodiversity reduction and thus to potential consequences also on the diversity of native species important for the phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Dalle Fratte
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonio Montagnoli
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Simone Anelli
- Ente Regionale per i Serivizi all’Agricoltura e alle Foreste della Lombardia (ERSAF), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Peter Beatrice
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Alex Ceriani
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Elia Lipreri
- Municipality of Brescia - Museum of Natural Sciences, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessio Miali
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paolo Nastasio
- Ente Regionale per i Serivizi all’Agricoltura e alle Foreste della Lombardia (ERSAF), Milan, Italy
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Qin W, Zhang J, Hou D, Li X, Jiang H, Chen H, Yu Z, Tomberlin JK, Zhang Z, Li Q. Effects of biochar amendment on bioconversion of soybean dregs by black soldier fly. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154605. [PMID: 35307415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is known to accelerate composting process and improve the quality of end-products. However, its effects on bioconversion of organic waste by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) remains largely unexamined. To investigate the effects of corn straw biochar (CS-BC) on bioconversion of soybean dregs (SD) by BSFL, SD was amended with four different dosages of CS-BC [0%, 2%, 5%, and 8% (w/w)] and digested by BSFL for ten days. The results indicated that the peak values of single larva wet weight in the treatments amended with CS-BC were advanced by 2-3 days and the reduction rate of SD increased from 72.09% to 85.37% with the increasing dosage of CS-BC. Meanwhile, SD mixed with 2%, 5% and 8% of CS-BC decreased ammonia (NH3) emission by 2.7%, 3.6% and 18.0%, respectively. The nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions reduced (-23.6%, -29.1% and -49.2%) with 2%, 5% and 8% CS-BC additions, respectively. In addition, the residual nitrogen of SD‑nitrogen proportionally increased with CS-BC application (28.3%, 28.6%, 30.1% and 35.0% for application at the dosage of 0%, 2%, 5% and 8%, respectively). Based on the comprehensive evaluation of bioconversion performance, alleviation of pollutant gas emission, and nitrogen conservation, we recommend the introduction of 8% (w/w) CS-BC during bioconversion of SD by BSFL. This study confirmed the feasibility of CS-BC as an amendment for the BSFL-based bioconversion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Qin
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dejia Hou
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ziniu Yu
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | | | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qing Li
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Study on the Profile Distribution and Morphology of Soil Humic Substances in Karst Area of Zunyi City, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14106145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Soil degradation in low soil humus content karst areas is a serious problem. Humus is composed of a series of polymer organic compounds, with no fixed form, therefore it is difficult to study, especially humin. In this study, 13C CP/MAS NMR was used to study the humic acids (HA), fulvic acids (FA), and humin (HM) components in the soil profiles of carbonate rocks and argillaceous rocks in the Northern Guizhou region. Through the vertical distribution of humus in soil, the transformation mechanism among functional groups of humus was studied. The content of HA and FA in the soil of Zunyi New Area was low, and the humification degree was low. FA was the main HA with simple molecules, which were directly related to the surface vegetation in the area. There may have been some genetic relationship between Aliphatic C and Aromatic C, Aliphatic C and Carboxyl C in the same group of humus. In the phylogenetic relationship of HA, FA, and HM, more transformations existed between HA and FA, and between HA and HM, while the transformations between FA and HM were very rare. This study provides an important scientific basis for the theory of the formation and transformation of soil humus in karst area.
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