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Sherif AH, Toulan AE, El-Kalamwi N, Farag EAH, Mahmoud AE. Silymarin enhances the response to oxytetracycline treatment in Oreochromis niloticus experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16235. [PMID: 37758826 PMCID: PMC10533510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43270-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many governments have approved the use of oxytetracycline as an antibiotic additive to food fish, with oxytetracycline now routinely used in many nations. However, oxytetracycline is known to have immunosuppression impacts. We, therefore, evaluated the immunological, antioxidative, and histopathological status of Nile tilapia fed a diet containing silymarin (100 mg/kg fish feed) for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. The protective effects of silymarin against Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) infection and oxytetracycline treatment were evaluated. Blood parameters (erythrocyte count, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume) improved over time in fish fed on dietary silymarin. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were lower in fish fed on dietary silymarin, whereas serum levels of aspartate transferase (AST)and alkaline phosphatase (ALK) were unchanged. Dietary silymarin affected serum lipid profiles as decreases in serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and a trend toward lower cholesterol levels, whereas serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were increased compared to fish fed on the control diet. Dietary silymarin resulted in an increase of serum total protein levels and globulin fractions. Significant and progressive increases in catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels were observed after six weeks of feeding on a dietary silymarin before decreasing to control levels at the end of the experimental period. Fish fed on dietary silymarin, interleukin-1 and fish tumor necrosis factor-alpha were upregulated in hepatic tissues; however, interleukin-10 levels decreased to comparable levels to controls after eight weeks. Fish infected with A. hydrophila displayed septicemia (opaque eye, hemorrhagic ulcers, dentated fins, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly). Reduced mortality was observed in Nile tilapia infected with A. hydrophila and fed a diet containing silymarin, indicating that silymarin improves fish responses to oxytetracycline with a 37% reduction in mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Sherif
- Fish Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARC, Kafrelsheikh, 12619, Egypt.
| | - Adel E Toulan
- Sakha Unit, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Agriculture Research Center ARC, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Naglaa El-Kalamwi
- Pathology Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARC, Dokki, 12619, Egypt
| | - Enas A H Farag
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARC, Benha, 12619, Egypt
| | - Abeer E Mahmoud
- Fish Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARC, Dokki, 12619, Egypt
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Abdel-Wahhab KG, Ashry M, Hassan LK, Gadelmawla MHA, Elqattan GM, El-Fakharany EM, Mannaaa FA. Nano-chitosan/bovine lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin formulation modulates the hepatic deterioration induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. COMPARATIVE CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-023-03510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
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3
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Oh MR, Jung SJ, Chae SW, Park BH, Lee SO. Lycium chinense Miller fruit extract lowers liver enzyme levels in subjects with mild hepatic dysfunction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1415-1425. [PMID: 36629892 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In our previous study, we showed that Lycium chinense Miller fruit extract (LFE) exerted hepatoprotective effects in mice. In the current study, we examined the effect of LFE on liver enzyme levels in subjects with mild hepatic dysfunction. METHODS A total of 90 subjects, aged 19 to 70 years old, with abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, were randomly placed into either an LFE (n = 45) treatment group or a placebo group (n = 45). During the 12-week clinical trial, subjects in each group received either LFE or placebo capsules, and were instructed to take four tablets per day (1760 mg/day). The primary outcome of the study was the changes of ALT and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in each subject. The safety of LFE supplementation was assessed and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS LFE supplementation for 12 weeks resulted in a significant reduction of ALT (P = 0.0498) and GGT (P = 0.0368) levels in comparison to the placebo. No clinically significant changes were observed in any safety parameters. CONCLUSION These results suggest that LFE can be applied to subjects with mild hepatic dysfunction with no possible side effects. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered at the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) as no. KCT0003985.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ra Oh
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Jung
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Ok Lee
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54907, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Zhou H, Ding S, Sun C, Fu J, Yang D, Wang X, Wang CC, Wang L. Lycium barbarum Extracts Extend Lifespan and Alleviate Proteotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Nutr 2022; 8:815947. [PMID: 35096951 PMCID: PMC8790518 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.815947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum berry (Ningxia Gouqi, Fructus lycii, goji berry, or wolfberry), as a traditional Chinese herb, was recorded beneficial for longevity in traditional Chinese medical scriptures and currently is a natural dietary supplement worldwide. However, under modern experimental conditions, the longevity effect of L. barbarum berry and the underlying mechanisms have been less studied. Here, we reported that total water extracts of L. barbarum berry (LBE), which contains 22% polysaccharides and other components, such as anthocyanins, extended the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans without side effects on worm fertility and pharyngeal pumping. Interestingly, we found that the lifespan extension effect was more prominent in worms with shorter mean lifespan as compared to those with longer mean lifespan. Furthermore, we showed that the lifespan extension effect of LBE depended on deacetylase sir-2.1. Remarkably, LBE rescued heat shock transcription factor-1 (hsf-1) deficiency in wild-type worms with different mean lifespans, and this effect also depended on sir-2.1. In addition, we found that LBE extended lifespan and alleviated toxic protein aggregation in neurodegenerative worms with hsf-1 deficiency. Our study suggested that LBE may be a potential antiaging natural dietary supplement especially to individuals with malnutrition or chronic diseases and a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by hsf-1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Central Laboratory, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- Central Laboratory, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Chuanxin Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi'e Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Chih-Chen Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Yang M, Yin Y, Wang F, Zhang H, Ma X, Yin Y, Tan B, Chen J. Supplementation With Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Reduce Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Modulation of Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:719967. [PMID: 34512598 PMCID: PMC8427603 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.719967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) have been proved to prevent obesity and modulate gut microbiota. However, the underlying mechanisms of LBPs’ regulating lipid metabolism remain entirely unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether LBPs are able to modulate the gut microbiota to prevent obesity. The results showed that oral administration of LBPs alleviated dyslipidemia by decreasing the serum levels of total triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and elevating the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in obese mice. Furthermore, LBP treatment decreased the number and size of adipocytes in epididymal adipose tissues and downregulated the expression of adipogenesis-related genes, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that LBPs increased the diversity of bacteria, reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and improved the gut dysbiosis induced by a high-fat diet; for example, LBPs increased the production of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria Lacticigenium, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Butyricicoccus. LBPs treatment also increased the content of fecal short-chain fatty acids, including butyric acid. These findings illustrate that LBPs might be developed as a potential prebiotic to improve lipid metabolism and intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yexin Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaokang Ma
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiashun Chen
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Changsha, China
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6
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Zingiber roseum Rosc. rhizome: A rich source of hepatoprotective polyphenols. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111673. [PMID: 33965729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiber roseum is native to Bangladesh and widely used in folk medicine. This present study was designed to assess the ameliorative potential of Zingiber roseum rhizome extract in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in mice model. Seven phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC analysis in the plant extract, including quercetin, myricetin, catechin hydrate, trans-ferulic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, (-) epicatechin, and rosmarinic acid. Hepatotoxicity was induced by administrating a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (10 mL/kg) on 7th day of treatment. The results revealed that plant extract at all doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations, and these effects were comparable to that of standard drug silymarin. Histopathological examination also revealed the evidence of recovery from CCL4 induced cellular damage when pretreated with Z. roseum rhizome extract. The in-vivo hepatoprotective effects were further investigated by the in-silico study of the aforementioned compounds with liver-protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxiredoxin, and catalase. The strong binding affinities (ranging from -7.3359 to -9.111 KCal/mol) between the phenolic compounds (except trans-cinnamic acid) and oxidative stress enzymes inhibit ROS production during metabolism. The compounds were also found non-toxic in computational prediction, and a series of biological activities like antioxidant, anticarcinogen, cardio-protectant, hepato-protectant have been detected.
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Dorsaf H, Sabrine M, Houda BL, Khémais BR, Mohsen S, Olfa T. Pecan pericarp extract protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury through oxidative mechanism in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:652-660. [PMID: 33178425 PMCID: PMC7640928 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to quantify the proanthocyanidin content of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) pericarp extract (PPE) and to assess its useful impacts against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1: received intraperitoneal injection of saline solution, Group 2: was injected with PPE (25 mg/kg body weight) for 10 consecutive days, Group 3: received CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg, subcutaneous injection), Group 4: was coadministred with PPE + CCl4. The CCl4 was administered every 3 days during 10 days. Results revealed the presence of a high amount of total proanthocyanidins in the PPE (81.01 ± 0.21 mg TAE.g-1DW). CCl4 injection induced significant reductions in hepatic antioxidants but increased hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) as well as serum injury biomarkers. However, cotreatment with PPE significantly (P < 0.05) inverted CCl4-induced increase in plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities, respectively to 74%, 77%, 60%, and 82% compared with CCl4 group. No significant toxic effects were observed following treatment with plant extract alone. PPE cotreatment also decreased significant (P < 0.05) the hepatic malondialdehyde formation (21%) and enhanced the liver catalase activity (107%) in CCl4-intoxicated rats. The histopathological examination showed inflammatory infiltration and degenerative changes in the hepatic tissue following CCl4 injection. The hepatoprotective activity of PPE against CCl4 exposure was supported by the maintenance of structural integrity of liver histopathology. In conclusion, the current study illustrated that PPE pretreatment significantly improved all examined parameters, restored the hepatic architecture and successfully alleviates oxidative damage induced by CCl4 intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallegue Dorsaf
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Moujahed Sabrine
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Ben Lamine Houda
- Laboratory of Pathologic Anatomy, Menzel Bourguiba Hospital, 5 Palestina Road, Menzel Bourguiba, Bizerte 7050, Tunisia
| | - Ben Rhouma Khémais
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Sakly Mohsen
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Tebourbi Olfa
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
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8
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Meng J, Lv Z, Sun C, Qiao X, Chen C. An extract of Lycium barbarum mimics exercise to improve muscle endurance through increasing type IIa oxidative muscle fibers by activating ERRγ. FASEB J 2020; 34:11460-11473. [PMID: 33411401 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000136r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum berry (gouqi, Goji, goji berry, or wolfberry), a traditional medicine and functional food, has a wide range of biological effects, including immuno-modulation, anti-aging, antitumor, neuro-protection, and hepato-protection. However, thus far, little is known about the traditional effects of L. barbarum on strengthening muscles. Therefore, this study focused on the effects of an extract of L. barbarum on skeletal muscles. First, the extract of L. barbarum significantly increased the mass of the tibial anterior muscle and gastrocnemius muscle and improved the average running distance of mice. Then, in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the extract enhanced muscle endurance by increasing the proportion of type IIa oxidative muscle fibers and aerobic respiration. In an in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of these effects, we found that the extract upregulated the proportion of type IIa oxidative muscle fibers by activating ERRγ and that the PKA-CREB signaling pathway was involved in its activation. This study is the first to show that L. barbarum extract modulates skeletal muscle remodeling and has mimetic effects on skeletal muscles in a manner similar to exercise. It provides a scientific explanation based on modern biological technologies and concepts for the traditional function of L. barbarum in improving muscle fitness. This study lays a theoretical foundation for the application of L. barbarum in skeletal muscles as an exercise mimetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Meng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Lv
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanxin Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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Kim BH, Jung SH, Jung S. Beet root (Beta vulgaris) protects lipopolysaccharide and alcohol-induced liver damage in rat. Toxicol Res 2020; 36:275-282. [PMID: 32685432 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-019-00030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of beet root (Beta vulgaris var. rubra) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and alcohol induced liver damage. Beta vulgaris ethanol extract (BVEE) showed good antioxidant activity in the contents of polyphenol and flavonoid compounds, and the electron-donating ability and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity. As for anti-inflammatory effect in RAW 264.7 cells, inhibition rate of nitric oxide production was increased in dose dependent manner. In hepatotoxicity model induced by LPS and alcohol in rat, BVEE significantly decreased serum AST, ALT and γ-GTP concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. The histopathological changes after H&E staining showed that fat accumulation and inflammatory cell infiltration were decreased by BVEE. The collagen fibers around the central lobule observed by Masson's trichrome staining were also decreased by BVEE. In addition, as for the immunohistochemical staining and Transmission electron microscopy, BVEE improved morphological characteristics of damaged liver lesion. The increased mRNA expressions of NF-κB, MAPK1, MAPK3, CYP2E1, and α-SMA were significantly decreased in BVEE treated group. These results indicated that BVEE would have protective effects in hepatotoxicity by altering various indicators related to the liver damage induced by LPS or alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Jung
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinju Health College, Jinju, Korea
| | - Suryun Jung
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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El-Hadary AE, Elsanhoty RM, Ramadan MF. In vivo protective effect of Rosmarinus officinalis oil against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. PHARMANUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2019.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Shin GM, Koppula S, Chae YJ, Kim HS, Lee JD, Kim MK, Song M. Anti-hepatofibrosis effect of Allium senescens in activated hepatic stellate cells and thioacetamide-induced fibrosis rat model. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:632-642. [PMID: 31070527 PMCID: PMC6282452 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1529801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Allium senescens Linn. (Liliaceae) (ASL) has been traditionally used in Korea and other Asian countries for improving digestive and liver functions. OBJECTIVE The anti-hepatofibrosis effect of ASL ethanol extract in cellular and experimental fibrosis rat model was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro cell viability, cell cycle and apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were studied using MTT assay, flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Thioacetamide (TAA; 200 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced liver fibrosis model using Sprague Dawley rats (n = 10) was developed in vivo by injecting TAA twice per week for 13 weeks. ASL (25 and 100 mg/kg) and silymarin (50 mg/kg) were administered through oral gavage 2 times per week from 7th to 13th week. Specific fibrotic-related biomarkers such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), glutathione and hydroxyproline levels in serum were analyzed by spectrophotometer using commercial kits. Morphological, histopathological and fibrotic-related gene expression such as TGF-β, Col1α1 and α-SMA in liver tissues was estimated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Picrosirius red stain and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS ASL (0.1 mg/mL) and silymarin (0.05 mg/mL) treatment induced apoptosis (4.06% and 8.67%) in activated HSC-T6 cells, compared with control group (3.7%). The altered morphology in activated primary HSCs was also restored by ASL (0.1 mg/mL) treatment. Further, ASL (100 and 25 mg/kg) ameliorated the TAA-induced altered fibrotic-related biomarkers, histopathological changes and fibrotic-related gene expression significantly (p < 0.05 ∼ p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS ASL can potentially be developed as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang-Mo Shin
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, Chungju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jin Chae
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, Chungju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Su Kim
- Daesowon Food, Chungju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Dong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Ki Kim
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chingbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - MinDong Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, Chungju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Owatari MS, Alves Jesus GF, Brum A, Pereira SA, Lehmann NB, de Pádua Pereira U, Martins ML, Pedreira Mouriño JL. Sylimarin as hepatic protector and immunomodulator in Nile tilapia during Streptococcus agalactiae infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:565-572. [PMID: 30176337 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the use of silymarin, an extract obtained from the milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and its effects as a possible hepatoprotector in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Silymarin was used as feed additive to the diet at a concentration of 0.1% (1 kg per ton of dry ration) with the commercial product named Di-Heptarine S® (16% silymarin phosphatide). A total of 90 juvenile tilapia with approximately 45 days old and mean weight of 0.72 ± 0.04 g were distributed in two groups, one fed with a diet with the hepatoprotector and the other without the additive. At the end of the assay (55 days after feeding), samples of blood were collected for hematological, immunological, histological (liver, spleen and intestine) and enzymatic analysis such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). After 55 days all fish were challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae serotype Ib to verify the sylimarin effects on the immunological parameters and its protection effect while challenged. During the challenge period another biological material sample was collected for hematological, immunological and histopathological analysis (liver, spleen and intestine). Before the challenge, an increase on the count of thrombocyte was found in the supplemented fish. In the liver, dilation of the sinusoids was observed in unsupplemented fish while supplemented fish the alteration was less severe. No significant alteration was found in SOD, CAT and GST between the groups. Histological changes after the challenge were provoked by bacterial toxins as a result of inflammatory processes. Periacinar degeneration was less intense in unsupplemented fish when compared to supplemented fish. On the other hand, eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltrate did occur in unsupplemented fish differently from supplemented fish which did not show the alteration. The survival was 28% higher in silymarin supplemented fish when compared to unsupplemented fish that presented no survival. Silymarin supplementation in the diet provided a hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effect on Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Shizuo Owatari
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Aline Brum
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Scheila Anelise Pereira
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicollas Breda Lehmann
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ulisses de Pádua Pereira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Bacteriology in Fish (LABBEP), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Sultana B, Yaqoob S, Zafar Z, Bhatti HN. Escalation of liver malfunctioning: A step toward Herbal Awareness. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:104-119. [PMID: 29309862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE About 2-5% of the world's population is suffering from liver toxicity including Pakistan with the second highest rate of hepatitis prevalence. Liver is a vital body organ which not only performs metabolic activities but also aids in detoxification, storage and digestion of food. Now a day's malnutrition, alcohol consumption and drug addiction are major causes of liver diseases throughout the world. In fact, there is no possible outcome to compensate liver malfunction for long term, and transplantation of liver is the only option left after the irretrievable injury of hepatic function. Subsequently, natural based therapeutic approaches are in the process of scrupulous testing as strong hepatoprotective mediator. In this regard plants are well thought hepatoprotective agents having multiple active components. In this review, based on species' pharmacology and safety we have compiled some plants which show strong hepatoprotective activity, main phytoconstituents with biological activities and few commercially used herbal formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnopharmacological information was gathered by an extensive literature survey like WHO monographs on selected herbal medicinal plants (Vol 1-Vol 4); Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy, Mills S and Bone K, Churchill Livingstone, London, UK; Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals, Wichtl M Medpharm Press, Stuttgart 3rd edn; Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica Vols 1 and 2, Chang H-M and But P P-H World Scientific, Singapore; British Herbal Compendium Vol. 2, Bradley P British Herbal Medicine Association, Bournemouth, UK; ESCOP Monographs 2nd edn. Thieme, Stuttgart, Germany; as well as by using electronic databases such as Pubchem, Chemspider, http://www.herbal-ahp.org; http://www.ahpa.org; http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2003/9241546271.pdf; http://www.escop.com, Pubmed, HubMed and Scopus. RESULTS Data for more about 29 plants have been accomplished for their bioactive constituent(s), biological activities and medicinal uses. Some of the plants have been identified as strong hepato-modulator. Such knowledge about traditional medicinal plants can be globally applied for safe and evidence based use in pharmacological applications. CONCLUSION With the rise in liver risks a meek struggle has been made to draw attention toward herbal therapy. Hepatoprotective constituents of said plants are expressed with chemical structures. However, for certain plants active constituents are not still isolated/purified but overall plant extract was found effective in providing protection against hepatic injury. As a future perspective, there is need to purify plant active constituents for ethnomedical rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sadaf Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zohaib Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Byun JH, Kim J, Choung SY. Hepaprotective Effect of Standardized Ecklonia stolonifera Formulation on CCl 4-Induced Liver Injury in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:218-223. [PMID: 29129047 PMCID: PMC5839501 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is an essential organ for the detoxification of exogenous xenobiotics, drugs and toxic substances. The incidence rate of non-alcoholic liver injury increases due to dietary habit change and drug use increase. Our previous study demonstrated that Ecklonia stolonifera (ES) formulation has hepatoprotective effect against alcohol-induced liver injury in rat and tacrine-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells. This present study was designated to elucidate hepatoprotective effects of ES formulation against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in Sprague Dawley rat. Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups. The rats were treated orally with ES formulation and silymarin (served as positive control, only 100 mg/kg/day) at a dose of 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Seven days after treatment, liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (1.5 ml/kg, twice a week for 14 days). The administration of CCl4 exhibited significant elevation of hepatic enzymes (like AST and ALT), and decrease of antioxidant related enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) and glutathione. Then, it leaded to DNA damages (8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde). Administration of ES formulation inhibited imbalance of above factors compared to CCl4 induced rat in a dose dependent manner. Real time PCR analysis indicates that CYP2E1 was upregulated in CCl4 induced rat. However, increased gene expression was compromised by ES formulation treatment. These findings suggests that ES formulation could protect hepatotoxicity caused by CCl4 via two pathways: elevation of antioxidant enzymes and normalization of CYP2E1 enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuk Byun
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choung
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Pharmacy and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Yao R, Heinrich M, Weckerle CS. The genus Lycium as food and medicine: A botanical, ethnobotanical and historical review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 212:50-66. [PMID: 29042287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lycium is widely distributed in the arid to semi-arid environments of North and South America, Africa, and Eurasia. In recent years, Lycium barbarum and L. chinense have been advertised as "superfood" with healthy properties. Despite of its popularity, there is a lack of an integrated and critical appraisal of the existing evidence for the use of Lycium. AIM OF THE STUDY There is a need to understand: 1) Which species were used and how the uses of Lycium developed spatially and over time, 2) how uses differ among regions with different culture backgrounds, and 3) how traditional and current therapeutic and preventive health claims correlate with pharmacological findings. METHODS Information was retrieved from floras, taxonomic, botanical, and ethnobotanical databases, research articles, recent editions of historical Chinese herbals over the last 2000 years, and pharmacopoeias. RESULTS Of totally 97 species, 31 have recorded uses as food and/or medicine worldwide. Usually the fruits are used. While 85% of the Lycium species occur in the Americas and Africa, 26% of them are used, but 9 out of 14 species in Eurasia. In China, seven species and two varieties of the genus Lycium occur, of which four species have been used by different ethnic groups. Only L. barbarum and L. chinense have been transformed into globally traded commodities. In China, based on the name "", their use can be traced back over the last two millennia. Lycium fruits for anti-aging, improving eyesight and nourishment were documented already in 500C.E. (Mingyi Bielu). Recent findings explain the pharmacological foundations of the traditional uses. Especially polysaccharides, zeaxanthin dipalmitate, vitamins, betaine, and mixed extracts were reported to be responsible for anti-aging, improving eyesight, and anti-fatigue effects. CONCLUSIONS The integration of historical, ethnobotanical, botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological data has enabled a detailed understanding of Lycium and its wider potential. It highlights that the focus so far has only been on two species and that the genus can potentially yield a wide range of other products with different properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Yao
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Research Cluster Biodiversity and Medicine / Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N1AX, United Kingdom.
| | - Caroline S Weckerle
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.
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Chen Y, Mo Q, Xie B, Ma B, Zang X, Zhou G, Cheng L, Zhou JH, Wang Y. Hepatoprotective Activity of Yigan Mingmu Oral Liquid against Isoniazid/Rifampicin-Induced Liver Injuries in Rats. Chin Med 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2018.94010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Chien KJ, Horng CT, Huang YS, Hsieh YH, Wang CJ, Yang JS, Lu CC, Chen FA. Effects of Lycium barbarum (goji berry) on dry eye disease in rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:809-818. [PMID: 29115477 PMCID: PMC5780158 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum (goji berry) has long been used as a food and traditional herbal medicine. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of the goji berry on dry eye disease in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats with induced dry eye disease were randomly assigned to four groups: Vehicle (control), low-dose goji berry extract [GBE; 250 mg/kg/body weight (bw)], median-dose GBE (350 mg/kg/bw), and high-dose GBE (500 mg/kg/bw). Three methods, Schirmer's test, tear break-up time (BUT) measurement and keratoconjunctival fluorescein staining, were used to evaluate the effect of GBE on symptoms of dry eye disease experienced by the rats. The results of the present study revealed that both the Schirmer's test score and tear BUT significantly increased following 1 week of GBE administration. Furthermore, the severity of the keratoconjunctival staining decreased significantly. In addition, the results suggested that administration of GBE may ameliorate dry eye disease symptoms in a dose-dependent manner. There were no mortalities and no apparent abnormal histopathology changes in the liver or kidney tissues of rats administered GBE for 21 consecutive days. Polysaccharides and betaine present in GBE may have important effects in alleviating dry eye disease induced by oxidative stress and inflammation. In conclusion, the goji berry is a safe, functional food with beneficial effects in alleviating dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaung-Jen Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Ting Horng
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Syuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shang Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shang Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fu-An Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan, R.O.C
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18
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Rjeibi I, Feriani A, Ben Saad A, Ncib S, Sdayria J, Saidi I, Souid S, Hfaiedh N, Allagui MS. Phytochemical characterization and bioactivity of Lycium europaeum: A focus on antioxidant, antinociceptive, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1441-1450. [PMID: 28946192 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the antioxidant, antinociceptive, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective properties and the bioactive composition of Lycium europaeum were investigated. Polyphenols and total tannin contents were measured by colorimetric methods The antioxidant activity in vitro was evaluated using the reducing power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and phosphomolybdenum assays. The hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity effects were studied using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver and renal injuries in mice. The analgesic activity was explored using the hot-plate and acetic acid tests in mice. Results showed that the methanol fraction of L. europaeum (LEM) had the highest level of total phenolic, total tannin, and flavonoid. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of twelve compounds among them caffeic acid was the major compound (140.18μg/g of extract). This fraction also showed the best antioxidant activity in vitro in the three used assays. In vivo, in the mice studies, CCl4 administration induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity by a significant rise in the levels of serum liver biomarkers (gamma glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aminotransferases) and serum renal biomarkers (urea, creatinine, and uric acid). Similarly, levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in both tissues were found increased by CCl4 intoxication. Pretreatment with LEM and quercetin significantly restored the majority of these biological parameters to normal levels, as well as an improvement of histopathological changes. In addition, LEM showed an interesting analgesic activity. LEM decreased significantly the number of writhing induced by acetic acid and prolonged the reaction time in response to thermal stimulus in mice. Therefore, it was speculated that the obtained results highlighted the potential use of L. europaeum as a source of bioactive compounds with pharmacological advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhem Rjeibi
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia.
| | - Anouar Feriani
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia; Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Science of Sfax, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Anouar Ben Saad
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Sana Ncib
- Common Services Unit for Research, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Jazia Sdayria
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Issam Saidi
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Sami Souid
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Najla Hfaiedh
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
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Potential mechanism of protection effect of exopolysaccharide from Lachnum YM406 and its derivatives on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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20
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Supplementation with Lycium chinense fruit extract attenuates methionine choline-deficient diet-induced steatohepatitis in mice. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Hou YM, Wang J, Zhang XZ. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide exhibits cardioprotection in an experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion damage. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2653-2658. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Vulić JJ, Čanadanović-Brunet JM, Ćetković GS, Djilas SM, Tumbas Šaponjac VT, Stajčić SS. Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Goji fruits (Lycium barbarumL.) Cultivated in Serbia. J Am Coll Nutr 2016; 35:692-698. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2016.1142404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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El-Hadary AE, Ramadan Hassanien MF. Hepatoprotective effect of cold-pressed Syzygium aromaticum oil against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1364-1372. [PMID: 26440388 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1078381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Contexts: Exposure to environmental pollutants such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) causes liver injuries. There are claims that extracts from Syzygium aromaticum (Linn.) Merrill & L.M.Perry, (Myrtaceae) protects from such injuries. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the protective effects of cold-pressed S. aromaticum oil (CO) against CCl4-induced liver toxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS CO was orally administered to rats in two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg) along with CCl4 (1 mL/kg in olive oil) for 8 weeks. Indices of liver and kidney functions, lipid profile, and peroxidation were evaluated in rats' serum and tissues. Fatty acids and bioactive lipids of CO were analyzed. RESULTS High levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (39.7%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (42.1%) were detected in CO. The oil contained high amounts of tocols and phenolics. The LD50 value at 24 h was approximately 5950 mg/kg. Treatment with 200 mg/kg CO resulted in a decrease of creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels to 0.86, 32.6, and 2.99 mg/dL, respectively. Levels of TL, TC, TAG, LDL-C, and VLDL-C were decreased to 167, 195.3, 584.5, 74.6, and 39.0 mg/L, respectively, after 8 weeks of treatment. Hepatic malondialdehyde levels were reduced and glutathione levels were elevated in CO-treated rats. CO reduced the activities of AST, ALT, and ALP as well as kidney function markers, protein, and lipid profiles, respectively. Histopathological examination of liver indicated that CO treatment reduced fatty degenerations, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and necrosis. CONCLUSION CO possessed a protective effect against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, mediated possibly by the antioxidant properties of the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla E El-Hadary
- a Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Agriculture, Banha University , Banha , Egypt and
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Wei W, Xiao HT, Bao WR, Ma DL, Leung CH, Han XQ, Ko CH, Lau CBS, Wong CK, Fung KP, Leung PC, Bian ZX, Han QB. TLR-4 may mediate signaling pathways of Astragalus polysaccharide RAP induced cytokine expression of RAW264.7 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 179:243-252. [PMID: 26743224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polysaccharides of Radix Astragali (Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge.; Huangqi) are able to induce cytokine production of macrophages and are considered the main active ingredient for the immune-enhancing effect of this commonly used medicinal herb. AIM OF STUDY To investigate the molecular mechanism of immunomodulating activities of a reported Astragalus polysaccharide, RAP, which is a hyperbranched heteroglycan with average molecular weight of 1334kDa. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytokine production of RAW264.7 cells were analyzed by using ELISA assays while cell viability was assessed by MTT method. Western blot analysis was used for determining protein contents of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, the level of IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS It has been found that RAP itself did not have any cytotoxic effect on mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells, but it significantly enhanced cytotoxicity of the supernatant of RAW264.7cells on 4T1 cells. Furthermore, RAP enhanced the production of NO and cytokines in RAW264.7 cells, and significantly up-regulated gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS. All these bioactivities were blocked by the inhibitor of TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4), suggesting that TLR4 is a receptor of RAP and mediates its immunomodulating activity. Further analyses demonstrated that RAP rapidly activated TLR4-related MAPKs, including phosphorylated ERK, phosphorylated JNK, and phosphorylated p38, and induced translocation of NF-κB as well as degradation of IκB-α. These results are helpful to better understand the immunomodulating effects of Radix Astragali. CONCLUSIONS RAP may induce cytokine production of RAW264.7 cells through TLR4-mediated activation of MAPKs and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Tao Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wan-Rong Bao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Hay Ko
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Quan-Bin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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El-Hadary AE, Ramadan MF. Potential Protective Effect of Cold-Pressed C
oriandrum Sativum
Oil Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department; Faculty of Agriculture; Zagazig University; Zagazig 44519 Egypt
- Scientific Research Deanship; Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Ganaie MA, Khan TH, Siddiqui NA, Ansari MN. Ameliorative effect of methanol extract of Rumex vesicarius on CCl4-induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1163-1167. [PMID: 25702903 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.967782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rumex vesicarius L. (Polygonaceae), an edible plant, is reported to have many bioactive phytochemicals, especially flavonoids and anthraquinones with antioxidant and detoxifying properties. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the methanolic extract of R. vasicarius (MERV) for hepatoprotective activity in rats against CCl4-induced liver damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS The whole plant extract was prepared and investigated for its hepatoprotective activity. Rats were pretreated with MERV (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 7 d prior to the induction of liver damage by CCl4. Animals were then sacrificed 24 h after CCl4 administration for the biochemical (AST, ALT, and ALP activity in serum; lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) levels in liver tissue) and histological analyses. RESULTS CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was confirmed by an increase (p < 0.05) in serum AST (4.55-fold), ALT (3.51-fold), and ALP (1.82-fold) activities. CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was also manifested by an increase (p < 0.05) in LPO (3.88-fold) and depletion of reduced glutathione (3.14-fold) activity in liver tissue. The multiple dose MERV administration at 200 mg/kg showed promising hepatoprotective activity as evident from significant decrease levels of serum AST (230.01 ± 13.21), serum ALT (82.15 ± 5.01), serum ALP (504.75 ± 19.72), hepatic LPO (3.38 ± 0.33), and increased levels of hepatic glutathione (0.34 ± 0.04) towards near normal. Further, biochemical results were confirmed by histopathological changes as compared with CCl4-intoxicated rats. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results obtained from this study indicate hepatoprotective activity of Rumex plant against CCl4-induced liver toxicity; hence, it can be used as a hepatoprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ahmad Ganaie
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and
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Morrone LA, Rombolà L, Corasaniti MT, Bagetta G, Nucci C, Russo R. Natural compounds and retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2015; 220:257-81. [PMID: 26497795 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness in the world, is a chronic optic neuropathy often associated with increased intraocular pressure and characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons degeneration and death leading to typical optic nerve head damage and distinctive visual field defects. Although the pathogenesis of glaucoma is still largely unknown, it is hypothesized that RCGs become damaged through various insults/mechanisms, including ischemia, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, defective axonal transport, trophic factor withdrawal, and neuroinflammation. In this review, we summarize the potential benefits of several natural compounds for RGCs neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Antonio Morrone
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; University Consortium for Adaptive Disorders and Head Pain (UCHAD), Section of Neuropharmacology of Normal and Pathological Neuronal Plasticity, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
| | - Laura Rombolà
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | | | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; University Consortium for Adaptive Disorders and Head Pain (UCHAD), Section of Neuropharmacology of Normal and Pathological Neuronal Plasticity, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Carlo Nucci
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Russo
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Mohamad NE, Yeap SK, Lim KL, Yusof HM, Beh BK, Tan SW, Ho WY, Sharifuddin SA, Jamaluddin A, Long K, Nik Abd Rahman NMA, Alitheen NB. Antioxidant effects of pineapple vinegar in reversing of paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice. Chin Med 2015; 10:3. [PMID: 25699088 PMCID: PMC4333164 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-015-0030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pineapple (Ananas comosus) was demonstrated to be hepatoprotective. This study aims to investigate the reversing effects of pineapple vinegar on paracetamol-induced liver damage in murine model. Methods Pineapple juice was fermented via anaerobic and aerobic fermentation to produce pineapple vinegar. Male BALB/c mice (n = 70) were separated into 7 treatment groups (n = 10). Pineapple vinegar (0.08 and 2 mL/kg BW) and synthetic vinegar were used to treat paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice. The hepatoprotective effects were determined by serum biochemistry profiles (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and triglyceride (TG)), liver antioxidant levels (ferric-reducing ability plasma (FRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and reduced glutathione assays (GSH)) and histopathological examination with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The effects were further evaluated by the expression levels of iNOS, NF-κB, and cytochrome P450 2E1 by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Vinegar samples were also tested for in vitro antioxidant (FRAP, 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and total phenolic content (TPC)). Soluble phenolic acid contents in the samples were identified by HPLC. Results Pineapple vinegar contained 169.67 ± 0.05 μg GAE/mL of TPC, with 862.61 ± 4.38 μg/mL gallic acid as the main component. Oral administration of pineapple vinegar at 2 mL/kg BW reduced serum enzyme biomarker levels, including AST (P = 0.008), ALT (P = 0.006), ALP (P= 0.002), and TG (P = 0.006) after 7 days of paracetamol treatment. Liver antioxidant levels such as hepatic glutathione (P = 0.003), SOD (P < 0.001), lipid peroxidation (P = 0.002) and FRAP (P <0.001) were restored after the treatment. Pineapple vinegar reduced the expressions of iNOS (P = 0.003) and NF-kB (P = 0.003) and the level of NO (P = 0.003) significantly. Pineapple vinegar also downregulated liver cytochrome P450 protein expression. Conclusions Oral administration of pineapple vinegar at 0.08 and 2 mL/kg BW reduced serum enzyme biomarker levels, restored liver antioxidant levels, reduced inflammatory factor expressions, and down regulated liver cytochrome P450 protein expression in paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Elyani Mohamad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Kian Lam Lim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang, 43000 Selangor Malaysia
| | - Hamidah Mohd Yusof
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Boon Kee Beh
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang, 43000 Selangor Malaysia
| | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Shaiful Adzni Sharifuddin
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Anisah Jamaluddin
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Kamariah Long
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 Malaysia
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Ho WY, Beh BK, Lim KL, Mohamad NE, Yusof HM, Ky H, Tan SW, Jamaluddin A, Long K, Lim CL, Alitheen NB, Yeap SK. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of the food seasoning curry leaves Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. (Rutaceae). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19154h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The curry leaf water extract, which is rich in gallic acid, reversed paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Kim MK, Nam PW, Lee SJ, Lee KG. Antioxidant activities of volatile and non-volatile fractions of selected traditionally brewed Korean rice wines. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina K. Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Dongguk University-Seoul; 3-26 Pil-dong, Jung-gu Seoul 100-715 Korea
| | - Pil-Woo Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Dongguk University-Seoul; 3-26 Pil-dong, Jung-gu Seoul 100-715 Korea
| | - Seung-Joo Lee
- Department of Food Service Management; Sejong University; 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-747 Korea
| | - Kwang-Geun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Dongguk University-Seoul; 3-26 Pil-dong, Jung-gu Seoul 100-715 Korea
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Kim IS, Yang M, Cho KK, Goo YM, Kim TW, Park JH, Cho JH, Jo C, Lee M, Lee OH, Kang SN. Effect of Medicinal Plant Extracts on the PhysiCochemical Properties and Sensory Characteristics of Gelatin Jelly. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Il-Suk Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Technology; Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology; Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Yang
- Department of Animal Resources Technology; Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology; Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Technology; Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology; Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Goo
- Sanchung Oriental Medicinal Herb Institute; Chancheong Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- Dongshin University Center for Organic Agri-food Industrialization (COAFI); Naju Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Hyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Institute of Food Science; Pukyong National University; Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Cho
- Institute of Life Science; College of Veterinary Medicine; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology; Chungnam National University; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Mooha Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology; Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-921 Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 200-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Nam Kang
- Department of Animal Resources Technology; Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology; Jinju Republic of Korea
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Salicylic acid treatment enhances expression of chalcone isomerase gene and accumulation of corresponding flavonoids during fruit maturation of Lycium chinense. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ahn M, Park JS, Chae S, Kim S, Moon C, Hyun JW, Shin T. Hepatoprotective effects of Lycium chinense Miller fruit and its constituent betaine in CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1104-12. [PMID: 24998029 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective activities of Lycium chinense Miller (LC) fruit extract and its component betaine were investigated under carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The treatment of LC fruit extract significantly suppressed the increase of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the sera of CCl4 injured rats, and restored the decreased levels of anti-oxidant enzymes such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and suppressed the expression of inflammatory mediators including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2. To visualize the potential activity of betaine, a component of LC fruit, betaine was substituted for LC extract in CCl4 injured rats. The biochemical profile in CCl4 injured rats co-treated with betaine matched those of LC fruit treated CCl4 injured rats. The ameliorative effects of LC extract, as well as betaine, were also confirmed by histopathological examination. Collectively, the present findings imply that LC fruit, via its component betaine, mitigate CCl4-induced hepatic injury by increasing antioxidative activity and decreasing inflammatory mediators including iNOS and COX-1/COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meejung Ahn
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Sungwook Chae
- Aging Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- School of Medicine and Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyun Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
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Yang M, Ding J, Zhou X, Zhang X, Tao H, Wang Y, Li G. Effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharides on neuropeptide Y and heat-shock protein 70 expression in rats exposed to heat. Biomed Rep 2014; 2:687-692. [PMID: 25054012 DOI: 10.3892/br.2014.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of high ambient temperature on the neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA level in the hypothalamus, the plasma concentration of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), cortisol (Cor), heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and epinephrine (EPI), and the intervention of lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) in rats. Compared to the control (CN) group, the plasma levels of CRH, Cor, HSP70 and EPI were markedly increased, and the level of NPY mRNA was downregulated in the high ambient temperature (HT) group. By contrast, rats in the HT + LBP (HTL) group had: i) a significantly enhanced expression of HSP70 compared to the HT and CN groups; ii) clearly increased plasma levels of CRH, Cor and EPI compared to the CN group; and iii) a markedly upregulated expression of NPY mRNA compared to the HT group. Thus, the results showed that high-temperature environments may damage the body, and LBPs have a potentially protective function by increasing the expression of HSP70 and NPY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Juan Ding
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Hong Tao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Guanghua Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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Ulbricht C, Bryan JK, Costa D, Culwell S, Giese N, Isaac R, Nummy K, Pham T, Rapp C, Rusie E, Weissner W, Windsor RC, Woods J, Zhou S. An Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Goji (Lycium spp.) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J Diet Suppl 2014; 12:184-240. [PMID: 24806435 DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2014.904128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An evidence-based systematic review of goji (Lycium spp.) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration consolidates the safety and efficacy data available in the scientific literature using a validated, reproducible grading rationale. This article includes written and statistical analysis of clinical trials, plus a compilation of expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.
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Eidi A, Moghadam JZ, Mortazavi P, Rezazadeh S, Olamafar S. Hepatoprotective effects of Juglans regia extract against CCl4-induced oxidative damage in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:558-565. [PMID: 23373712 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.749920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Different parts of the walnut [Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae)] have been used in folk medicine for protection against liver injury, although its actual efficacy remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the protective effect of walnut leaf extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were randomly divided into seven groups: control, CCl4 (i.p., 0.5 mL/kg b.w., 50% CCl4 in olive oil), walnut extract (at dose level of 0.2 g/kg b.w.) alone, walnut extract (at dose levels of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 g/kg b.w.) with CCl4, and treatment was carried out accordingly. On the 28th day, rats were sacrificed and blood was withdrawn by cardiac puncture. Liver damage was assessed by serum biochemical parameters (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and albumin), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and histopathological observation. RESULTS Administration of walnut leaf extract (ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 g/kg b.w.) significantly lowered serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels in CCl4-treated rats. Walnut leaf extract increased antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and catalase. Histopathological examination of livers showed that walnut leaves extract reduced fatty degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis in CCl4-treated rats. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results suggest that walnut extract has a protective effect over CCl4-induced oxidative damage in rat liver. These results demonstrate that walnut extract acts as a good hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent in attenuating hepatocellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Eidi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Diffusion Profiles of Health Beneficial Components from Goji Berry ( Lyceum barbarum) Marinated in Alcohol and Their Antioxidant Capacities as Affected by Alcohol Concentration and Steeping Time. Foods 2013; 2:32-42. [PMID: 28239094 PMCID: PMC5302230 DOI: 10.3390/foods2010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit (goji berry) of Lycium barbarum, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in health diets due to its potential role in the prevention of chronic diseases. One of the most popular applications of goji berry is to make goji wine in China by steeping goji berry in grain liquor. However, how the steeping process affects antioxidant capacities and phytochemicals of goji berry is not yet fully understood. Therefore, to provide scientific data for the utilization of goji berry in the nutraceutical industry, the diffusion rate of betaine, β-carotene, phenolic compounds in goji berry and their antioxidant capacities affected by alcohol concentration and steeping time were determined by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The results showed that low alcohol concentration (15% or 25%) would promote the diffusion of betaine and increase antioxidant activity, while high concentration (55% or 65%) would generally increase the diffusion of flavonoids and reduce antioxidant activity. The steeping time had no significant effect on the diffusion of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. However, all goji berry wine steeped for 14 days with different alcohol concentrations exhibited the highest betaine concentration. Current findings provide useful information for the nutraceutical industries to choose proper steeping time and alcohol concentration to yield desired health promotion components from goji.
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Suriyakalaa U, Antony JJ, Suganya S, Siva D, Sukirtha R, Kamalakkannan S, Pichiah PBT, Achiraman S. Hepatocurative activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles fabricated using Andrographis paniculata. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 102:189-94. [PMID: 23018020 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current investigation was aimed to determine the hepatocurative role of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized rapidly using Andrographis paniculata. The nanoparticles fabricated at varying temperatures were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) alongside zeta potential measurement. UV-vis spectroscopic readings indicated a prominent peak at 423 nm. TEM analysis indicated that the biosynthesized nanospheres were in the size range of 13-27 nm. EDX spectrum indicated strong signal for AgNPs with 90.1% purity. The total concentration of AgNps was 216.7 mg/L after synthesis as by ICP-OES. Zeta potential was -34.3 mV indicating stable AgNPs. In vitro radical scavenging assay proved strong antioxidant effect of the AgNPs compared to 5% aqueous leaf extract. CCl(4) was used to induce hepatic injury in mice model. The biosynthesized AgNPs at three different doses (25, 50, 100mg/kg BW of the animal) were used for treatment. Silymarin was used as a standard. Low dose (25mg/kg BW) was effective in revival of all biological parameters to near normal in all intoxicated groups indicating the curing effects on CCl(4) induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhayaraj Suriyakalaa
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 24, Tamil Nadu, India
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Protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on neonatal rat primary cultured hippocampal neurons injured by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion. J Mol Histol 2012; 43:535-42. [PMID: 22562802 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-012-9420-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on alleviating injury from oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/RP) in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Cultured hippocampal neurons were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 2 h followed by a 24 h re-oxygenation. The MTT assay and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were used to determine the neuron viability. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by spectrophotometry using commercial kits. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in hippocampal neurons were measured using the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Treatment with LBP (10-40 mg/l) significantly attenuated neuronal damage and inhibited LDH release in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, LBP enhanced activities of SOD and GSH-PX but it decreased their MDA content, inhibited [Ca(2+)](i) elevation and decrease of MMP in ischemia-reperfusion treated hippocampal neurons. These findings suggested that LBP may be a potential neuroprotective agent for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Hsieh PC, Ho YL, Huang GJ, Huang MH, Chiang YC, Huang SS, Hou WC, Chang YS. Hepatoprotective Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Flemingia macrophylla on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatotoxicity in Rats Through Anti-Oxidative Activities. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 39:349-65. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x11008877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Flemingia macrophylla (AFM) against hepatic injury induced by CCl4. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected as biomarkers in the blood to indicate hepatic injury. Product of lipid peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were evaluated for oxidative stress in hepatic injury. Moreover, histopathological observation was assayed for the degree of hepatic injury. After oral administration of AFM, 0.5 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg doses significantly decreased ALT and AST, attenuated the histopathology of hepatic injury, ameliorated oxidative stress in hepatic tissue, and increased the activities of CAT, SOD and GSH-Px. The hepatoprotective effect of daidzein and genistein were consistent to that of AFM. This study demonstrated for the first time that AFM has hepatoprotective effect on acute liver injuries induced by CCl4, and the results suggested that the effect of AFM against CCl4-induced liver damage was related to antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chow Hsieh
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Ho
- Department of Nursing, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsing Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 707, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Chiang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Hou
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Shiun Chang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Chinese Crude Drug Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Anti-inflammatory effect of Lycium Fruit water extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 13:181-9. [PMID: 22483979 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lycium Fruit has been used as a traditional drug for low back pain and chronic cough in east-Asian countries. However, inhibitory effects of Lycium Fruit water extract (LFWE) on inflammation remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of LFWE on pro-inflammatory mediator production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. LFWE inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG) E₂, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 production as well as their synthesizing enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 gene expression. Furthermore, LFWE inhibited phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) as well as suppression of IκBα degradation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB upon LPS stimulation. In addition, LFWE suppressed NO, PGE₂, TNF-α and IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophage cells. Taken together, our results suggest that LFWE inhibits the production of various inflammatory mediators via blockade on the MAPKs and NF-κB pathways. This finding first explains the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect by LFWE in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells.
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42
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Wu WB, Hung DK, Chang FW, Ong ET, Chen BH. Anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of flavonoids isolated from Lycium barbarum Linnaeus on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Food Funct 2012; 3:1068-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30051f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Zhou JR, Morsy MAM, Kunika K, Yokomizo K, Miyata T. Ergogenic Capacity of a 7-Chinese Traditional Medicine Extract in Aged Mice. Chin Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2012.34032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ghosh N, Ghosh R, Mandal V, Mandal SC. Recent advances in herbal medicine for treatment of liver diseases. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:970-988. [PMID: 21595500 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.558515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liver disease is a serious ailment and the scenario is worsened by the lack of precise therapeutic regimens. Currently available therapies for liver ailments are not apposite and systemic toxicity inhibits their long term use. Medicinal plants have been traditionally used for treating liver diseases since centuries as the toxicity factor appears to be on the lower side. OBJECTIVE Several phytochemials have been identified which have significant hepatoprotective activity with minimal systemic adverse effects which could limit their long term use. The scenario calls for extensive investigations which can lead to development of lead molecules for hepatoprotective molecules of future. This review deals with the biological activity, mode of action and toxicity and forthcoming application of some of these leads. METHODS These generally have strong antioxidative potential and cause induction of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and catalase. Additional mechanisms of hepatoprotection include stimulation of heme oxygenase-1 activity, inhibition of nitric oxide production, hepatocyte apoptosis and nuclear factor-κB activation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Out of the several leads obtained from plant sources as potential hepatoprotective agents, silymarin, andrographolide, neoandrographolide, curcumin, picroside, kutkoside, phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, and glycyrrhizin have been established as potent hepatoprotective agents. The hepatoprotective potential of several herbal medicines has been clinically evaluated. Significant efficacy has been seen with silymarin, glycyrrhizin and Liv-52 in treatment of hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease and liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Ghosh
- Dr. BC Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, India.
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Harish R, Shivanandappa T. Hepatoprotective potential of Decalepis hamiltonii (Wight and Arn) against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2011; 2:341-5. [PMID: 21180469 PMCID: PMC2996063 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.72137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoprotective activity of the roots of Decalepis hamiltonii (Wight and Arn) was studied using carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) induced liver injury model in albino rats. The hepatotoxicity produced by acute CCl(4) administration was found to be inhibited by pretreating the rats with crude methanolic extract of the roots of D. hamiltonii (Dh) prior to CCl(4) induction. Hepatotoxic inhibition was measured with the decreased levels of hepatic serum marker enzymes (glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lipid peroxide formation. Imbalance level of glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were normalized in rats pretreated with Dh extract followed by CCl(4) administration. Pathological changes of hepatic lesions caused by CCl(4) were also improved by pretreatment with the Dh root extract. The results of this study indicate that roots of D. hamiltonii could afford a significant protective action in the alleviation of CCl(4)-induced hepatic damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Harish
- Department of Microbiology, Pooja Bhagavat Memorial Mahajana Post Graduate Centre, wing of SBRR Mahajana Education Centre, Mysore, India
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Jeong JW, Nam PW, Lee SJ, Lee KG. Antioxidant activities of Korean rice wine concentrates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:7039-7044. [PMID: 21591772 DOI: 10.1021/jf200901j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant activities of six Korean rice wine (KRW) concentrates were measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and lipid/malonaldehyde (MA) assays. In the DPPH assay, the antioxidant activities of the KRW concentrates, including Maesilju (MSJ), Kookhwaju-1 (KHJ-1), Kookhwaju-2 (KHJ-2), Gugijaju (GGJ), Sasamju (SSJ), and Sogokju (SGJ), were 40%, 66%, 64%, 35%, 35%, and 63%, respectively. Furthermore, the concentrates inhibited the formation of MA from cod liver oil by 49%, 83%, 75%, 82%, 89%, and 90%, respectively, according to the lipid/MA assay. The sample wines were also analyzed for pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids (°Bx), and reducing sugars. The antioxidant activities of volatile extracts of the KRWs extracted by a solvent assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) apparatus were evaluated by aldehyde/carboxylic acid assay. The volatile extracts of MSJ, KHJ-1, KHJ-2, GGJ, SSJ, and SGJ inhibited the oxidation of hexanal by 97%, 99%, 90%, 90%, 50%, and 51%, respectively. Among the nonvolatile extracts of KRWs, KHJ-2 showed the highest inhibitory effect on MA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea
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Yao X, Peng Y, Xu LJ, Li L, Wu QL, Xiao PG. Phytochemical and Biological Studies of Lycium Medicinal Plants. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:976-1010. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Cheng D, Kong H. The effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on alcohol-induced oxidative stress in rats. Molecules 2011; 16:2542-50. [PMID: 21415835 PMCID: PMC6259835 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16032542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide (LBP) on alcohol-induced liver damage in rats. A total of 36 rats were divided into control, ethanol and ethanol + LBP groups. Rats in the ethanol group were fed 7 g ethanol/kg body weight by gastric infusion, three times a day, for 30 consecutive days, while rats in the control group received the same volume of physiological saline instead of ethanol, and rats in ethanol + LBP group were fed both ethanol (7 g/kg body weight) and LBP (300 mg/Kg body weight/day). Alcoholic liver injury was examined by serum ALT and AST activities, alcoholic fatty liver was assessed by lipid levels, and oxidative stress was evaluated by SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSH and MDA assays. In the ethanol group, a significant elevation of enzymes and lipid in serum, increased MDA level and depletion of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and GSH in liver were observed. LBP administration significantly ameliorated liver injury, prevented the progression of alcohol-induced fatty liver, and improved the antioxidant functions when compared with the ethanol group. Histopathological examination of rat liver revealed that LBP administration protected liver cells from the damage induced by ethanol. The results suggest that LBP is a promising agent to protect the liver from hepatotoxicity and fatty liver induced by ethanol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daye Cheng
- Department of Transfusion, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-24-83283040; Fax: +86-24-83283040
| | - Hong Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; E-Mail:
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Li SY, Yang D, Yeung CM, Yu WY, Chang RCC, So KF, Wong D, Lo ACY. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides reduce neuronal damage, blood-retinal barrier disruption and oxidative stress in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16380. [PMID: 21298100 PMCID: PMC3027646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal cell death, glial cell activation, retinal swelling and oxidative injury are complications in retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP), extracts from the wolfberries, are good for “eye health” according to Chinese medicine. The aim of our present study is to explore the use of LBP in retinal I/R injury. Retinal I/R injury was induced by surgical occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Prior to induction of ischemia, mice were treated orally with either vehicle (PBS) or LBP (1 mg/kg) once a day for 1 week. Paraffin-embedded retinal sections were prepared. Viable cells were counted; apoptosis was assessed using TUNEL assay. Expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) and nitrotyrosine (NT) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. The integrity of blood-retinal barrier (BRB) was examined by IgG extravasations. Apoptosis and decreased viable cell count were found in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the vehicle-treated I/R retina. Additionally, increased retinal thickness, GFAP activation, AQP4 up-regulation, IgG extravasations and PAR expression levels were observed in the vehicle-treated I/R retina. Many of these changes were diminished or abolished in the LBP-treated I/R retina. Pre-treatment with LBP for 1 week effectively protected the retina from neuronal death, apoptosis, glial cell activation, aquaporin water channel up-regulation, disruption of BRB and oxidative stress. The present study suggests that LBP may have a neuroprotective role to play in ocular diseases for which I/R is a feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Yee Li
- Eye Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Di Yang
- Eye Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chung-Man Yeung
- Eye Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Yan Yu
- Eye Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - David Wong
- Eye Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- St. Paul's Eye Unit, The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amy C. Y. Lo
- Eye Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- * E-mail:
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50
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Kuriakose GC, Kurup MG. Antioxidant and antihepatotoxic effect of Spirulina laxissima against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Food Funct 2011; 2:190-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0fo00163e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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