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Wani PA, Omobolanle LA, Hamid B, Fayokemi RA, Perveen K, Bukhari NA, Sayyed R, Mastinu A. Evaluation of destruction of bacterial membrane structure associated with anti-quorum sensing and ant-diabetic activity of Cyperus esculentus extract. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34128. [PMID: 39100488 PMCID: PMC11295847 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing demand for medicinal plants to control diseases for good health and well-being, as primary health facilities are inadequate in certain populations to cure infections. Since synthetic medicines are toxic to humans and other animals, the present research is thus focused on using traditional medicine for treating various ailments as they are harmless. Based on the above facts, the current study was conducted to assay the antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-cholinesterase, anti-oxidant, anti-quorum sensing, and anti-antibiotic resistance modifying effect of extracts of Cyperus esculentus. This study found 37 and 30 chemicals in butanol and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts using a gas chromatograph mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS). Most active compounds identified were benzofuran, 2,3-dihydro-, 1,2,3-benzenetriol, 3-bornanone, oxime and oleic acid by extracts of butanol whereas dichloromethane extracted three major active compounds (2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-, 4H-pyran-4-one 3-deoxy-d-mannoic lactone and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural). Both dichloromethane and butanol extracts showed the highest antimicrobial activity. Compared to aqueous extracts, dichloromethane, and butanol showed excellent anti-diabetic anti-cholinesterase activities and inhibited virulence factors regulated by quorum sensing (QS). Anti-oxidants increased in solvent extracts (DCM and butanol) compared to aqueous extracts. Results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transmission Infrared (FTIR) indicated damage to the cell membrane of S. aureus by the formation of pits and breakage in functional groups exposed to the extracts of butanol and dichloromethane compared to aqueous extracts. The above results confirmed that C. esculentus can be an alternative medicine for treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaze Ahmad Wani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Crescent University, Abeokuta, 111105, Nigeria
| | - Lawal Aolat Omobolanle
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Crescent University, Abeokuta, 111105, Nigeria
| | - Burhan Hamid
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Raheem Aishat Fayokemi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Crescent University, Abeokuta, 111105, Nigeria
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A. Bukhari
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - R.Z. Sayyed
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal's S. I. Patil Arts, G. B. Patel Science and STKV Sangh Commerce College, Shahada, 425409, India
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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Gutiérrez-Cuevas J, López-Cifuentes D, Sandoval-Rodriguez A, García-Bañuelos J, Armendariz-Borunda J. Medicinal Plant Extracts against Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated with Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:967. [PMID: 39065815 PMCID: PMC11280341 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has increasingly become a worldwide epidemic, as demonstrated by epidemiological and clinical studies. Obesity may lead to the development of a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. In addition to hypertension, there are other cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) such as visceral adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, elevated levels of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein, and others, all of which increase the risk of CVD events. The mechanisms involved between obesity and CVD mainly include insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and adipokine dysregulation, which cause maladaptive structural and functional alterations of the heart, particularly left-ventricular remodeling and diastolic dysfunction. Natural products of plants provide a diversity of nutrients and different bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, vitamins, minerals, fibers, and others, which possess a wide range of biological activities including antihypertensive, antilipidemic, antidiabetic, and other activities, thus conferring cardiometabolic benefits. In this review, we discuss the main therapeutic interventions using extracts from herbs and plants in preclinical and clinical trials with protective properties targeting CRFs. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of herb and plant extracts for the prevention and treatment of CRFs are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gutiérrez-Cuevas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Daniel López-Cifuentes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
- Doctorate in Sciences in Molecular Biology in Medicine, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Jesús García-Bañuelos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud (EMCS), Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
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Tangestani H, Jamshidi A, Farhadi A, Ghalandari H, Dehghani P, Moghaddas N, Safaei Z, Emamat H. The effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review of in vivo interventional studies. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38923154 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disorder in which excess fat accumulates in hepatocytes and can lead to serious complications. Oxidative stress is one of the leading causes of NAFLD. Pomegranates are considered antioxidant-rich fruit. This systematic review study was aimed to investigate the impact of pomegranate on NAFLD. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases/search engines (from inception up to July 2023) were searched for interventional studies (human and animal) that examined the effects of supplementation with different parts of pomegranate including fruits, peels, seeds, or flower on NAFLD outcomes. A total of 222 articles were retrieved following the initial search. After excluding duplicates, the title and abstract of 114 articles were screened. Afterward, irrelevant articles were removed and the full texts of the remaining 27 articles were reviewed. Eventually, 19 articles (16 animal and three human interventional studies) that met the inclusion criteria, published between 2009 and 2023, were included in this systematic review. Our study indicates the potential beneficial effects of different parts of pomegranate on the improvement of NAFLD. However, given that the majority of the included articles were animal studies, further investigations in the form of human clinical trials are warranted to suggest a clinical indication of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadith Tangestani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ali Jamshidi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Akram Farhadi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pardis Dehghani
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Nika Moghaddas
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Zahra Safaei
- Department of Library and Medical Information, School of Paramedical Sciences, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hadi Emamat
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Elhawary EA, Nilofar N, Zengin G, Eldahshan OA. Variation of the essential oil components of Citrus aurantium leaves upon using different distillation techniques and evaluation of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effect against Alzheimer's disease. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:73. [PMID: 38308284 PMCID: PMC10835836 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruit essential oil is considered one of the widely studied essential oils while its leaves attract less attention although being rich in nearly the same composition as the peel and flowers. The leaves of bitter orange or sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) were extracted using three different techniques namely; hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD), and microwave-assisted distillation (MV) to compare their chemical composition. The three essential oil samples were analyzed through GC/FID and GC/MS analyses. The samples were tested in vitro using different antioxidant techniques (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, PBD, and MCA), neuroprotective enzyme inhibitory activities (acetylcholine and butyl choline enzymes), and antidiabetic activities (α-amylase and α-glucosidase). The results showed that thirty-five volatile ingredients were detected and quantified. Monoterpenes represented the most abundant class in the three essential oils followed by sesquiterpenes. C. aurantium essential oil carried potential antioxidant activity where SD exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, with values arranged in the following order: FRAP (200.43 mg TE/g), CUPRAC (138.69 mg TE/g), ABTS (129.49 mg TE/g), and DPPH (51.67 mg TE/g). SD essential oil also presented the most potent α-amylase (0.32) inhibition while the MV essential oil showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibition (2.73 mmol ACAE/g), followed by HD (2.53 mmol ACAE/g), and SD (2.46 mmol ACAE/g). The SD essential oil exhibited the highest BChE and AChE inhibitory activities (3.73 and 2.06 mg GALAE/g), respectively). Thus, bitter orange essential oil can act as a potential source of potent antioxidant, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective activities for future drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa A Elhawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Nilofar Nilofar
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Parasher M, Pandey DK, Manhas RK. Traditionally used anti-diabetic plants in Kathua district of Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117087. [PMID: 37683931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhvi Parasher
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India; Department of Botany, Govt. Degree College, Marh, 181206, Jammu, JKUT, India.
| | - Devendra Kumar Pandey
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - R K Manhas
- Department of Botany, Govt. Degree College, Basohli, 184201, JKUT, India.
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Brahma S, Goyal AK, Dhamodhar P, Kumari MR, Jayashree S, Usha T, Middha SK. Can Polyherbal Medicine be used for the Treatment of Diabetes? - A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e140323214600. [PMID: 36918778 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230314093721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic medical condition, has attained a global pandemic status over the last few decades affecting millions of people. Despite a variety of synthetic drugs available in the market, the use of herbal medicines for managing diabetes is gaining importance because of being comparatively safer. This article reviews the result of a substantial literature search on polyherbal formulations (PHFs) developed and evaluated with potential for DM. The accumulated data in the literature allowed us to enlist 76PHFs consisting of different parts of 147 plant species belonging to 58 botanical families. The documented plant species are laden with bioactive components with anti-diabetic properties and thus draw attention. The most favoured ingredient for PHFs was leaves of Gymnema sylvestre and seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum used in 27 and 22 formulations, respectively. Apart from herbs, shilajit (exudates from high mountain rocks) formed an important component of 9 PHFs, whereas calcined Mytilus margaritiferus and goat pancreas were used in Dolabi, the most commonly used tablet form of PHF in Indian markets. The healing properties of PHFs against diabetes have been examined in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. However, the mechanism(s) of action of PHFs are still unclear and considered the pitfalls inherent in understanding the benefits of PHFs. From the information available based on experimental systems, it could be concluded that plant-derived medicines will have a considerable role to play in the control of diabetes provided the challenges related to their bioavailability, bioefficacy, optimal dose, lack of characterization, ambiguous mechanism of action, and clinical efficiency are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudem Brahma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, BTR, Assam, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, BTR, Assam, India
| | - Prakash Dhamodhar
- Department of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangaluru-560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Mani Reema Kumari
- Department of Botany, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
| | - S Jayashree
- School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru-560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
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Alami M, Boumezough K, Khalil A, Ramchoun M, Boulbaroud S, Fulop T, Morvaridzadeh M, Berrougui H. The Modulatory Bioeffects of Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) Polyphenols on Metabolic Disorders: Understanding Their Preventive Role against Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2023; 15:4879. [PMID: 38068738 PMCID: PMC10707905 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern research achievements support the health-promoting effects of natural products and diets rich in polyphenols. Pomegranate (PG) (Punica granatum L.) contains a considerable number of bioactive compounds that exert a broad spectrum of beneficial biological activities, including antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and atheroprotective properties. In this context, the reviewed literature shows that PG intake might reduce insulin resistance, cytokine levels, redox gene expression, blood pressure elevation, vascular injuries, and lipoprotein oxidative modifications. The lipid parameter corrective capabilities of PG-ellagitannins have also been extensively reported to be significantly effective in reducing hyperlipidemia (TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and TAGs), while increasing plasma HDL-C concentrations and improving the TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios. The health benefits of pomegranate consumption seem to be acheived through the amelioration of adipose tissue endocrine function, fatty acid utilization, GLUT receptor expression, paraoxonase activity enhancement, and the modulation of PPAR and NF-κB. While the results from animal experiments are promising, human findings published in this field are inconsistent and are still limited in several aspects. The present review aims to discuss and provide a critical analysis of PG's bioeffects on the components of metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia, as well as on certain cardiovascular-related diseases. Additionally, a brief overview of the pharmacokinetic properties, safety, and bioavailability of PG-ellagitannins is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alami
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (M.A.); (K.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (A.K.); (T.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Kaoutar Boumezough
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (M.A.); (K.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (A.K.); (T.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Mhamed Ramchoun
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (M.A.); (K.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Samira Boulbaroud
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (M.A.); (K.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Tamas Fulop
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (A.K.); (T.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (A.K.); (T.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (M.A.); (K.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (A.K.); (T.F.); (M.M.)
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Atiq-Ur-Rehman. GC-MS analysis of n-hexane extract of Fagonia indica Burm.f. with hypoglycaemic potential. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3702-3710. [PMID: 35776099 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2092731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical investigation of n-hexane extract of the aerial parts of Fagonia indica to identify hypoglycaemic compounds. Also, to investigate this extract for lactase enzyme inhibition responsible for hypoglycaemic activity. Phytochemical screening, GC-MS analysis and lactase inhibition of n-hexane extract was performed by the standard methods. GC-MS analytical study identified 15 compounds in this extract. The maximum percentage of lactase enzyme inhibition of n-hexane extract was 26.21 ± 1.25% (IC50 value of 311.2 ± 16.09 μg/mL) at 100 μg/mL concentration. The standard acarbose showed lactase inhibition of 63.21 ± 0.92% (IC50 value of 32.51 ± 0.85 µg/mL) at the same concentration. n-Hexane extract can be a potential source in the management of diabetes due to the presence of biologically active hypoglycaemic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiq-Ur-Rehman
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hajvery University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Nor I, Wirasutisna KR, Hartati R, Insanu M. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of avicularin and 4-O-methyl gallic acid isolated from Syzygium myrtifolium leaves. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101677. [PMID: 37448844 PMCID: PMC10336581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is the main cause of death on a global scale. In 2019, there were 463 million people with diabetes, and WHO predicts that by 2030, there will be 578 million. As an antidiabetic agent, α-glucosidase inhibitors are one of the methods employed to reduce the prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes is traditionally treated with Syzygium as a primary material, medicine, fruit, ornamental plant, and source of carpentry. This investigation aimed to examine the inhibitory effect of seven species of Syzygium against α-glucosidase enzyme using an in vitro assay and isolate active substances and ascertain their concentrations in each sample. As a solvent, ethanol was used in maceration to extract the substance. Afterward, the extract underwent a series of fractionation techniques, including liquid-liquid extraction, vacuum liquid chromatography, column chromatography, and preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) for purification and isolation. The compound's structures were elucidated using TLC, UV-Visible spectrophotometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Based on concentrations of 100 and 200 µg/mL, Syzygium myrtifolium exhibited the most significant inhibitory effect, followed by other species of Syzygium. The proportion of ethyl acetate had the strongest activity (IC50 0.40 ± 0.02 µg/mL) contrasted to positive control acarbose (IC50 55.39 ± 0.67 g/mL) and quercitrin (IC50 6.47 ± 0.40 µg/mL). Avicularin and 4-O-methyl gallic acid were discovered in the ethyl acetate fraction of Syzygium myrtifolium with IC50 values of 17.05 ± 0.75 µg/mL and 25.19 ± 0.21 µg/mL, respectively. As α-glucosidase inhibitory, the results of this study indicate Syzygium myrtifolium can be used as a dietary supplement to manage hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islan Nor
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
| | - Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rika Hartati
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Insanu
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
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Xue JY, Wu YY, Han YL, Song XY, Zhang MY, Cheng J, Lin B, Xia MY, Zhang YX. Anthraquinone metabolites isolated from the rhizosphere soil Streptomyces of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen target MMP2 to inhibit cancer cell migration. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116457. [PMID: 37088235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen belongs to the Araliaceae family. It has been used by traditional Chinese people in Northeast Asia for centuries as an antidiabetic, antioxidant, antitumor agent, etc. Endophytic or rhizospheric microorganisms play key roles in plant defense mechanisms, and they are essential in the discovery of pharmaceuticals and valuable new secondary metabolites. In particular, endophytic or rhizospheric microorganisms of traditional medicinal plants. AIM OF THE STUDY To discover valuable new secondary metabolites from rhizosphere soil Streptomyces sp. SYP-A7185 of P. notoginseng, and to explore potential bioactivities and targets of metabolites protrusive function. MATERIALS AND METHODS The metabolites were obtained via column chromatography and identified by multiple spectroscopic analyses. The antitumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiglycosidases effects of isolated metabolites were tested using 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetazolium bromide (MTT), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 96-well turbidimetric, and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays. The potential antitumor targets were predicted through network pharmacological approaches. The interactions between metabolites and target were verified by molecular docking and biolayer interferometry (BLI) assay. The effects of cancer cells migration were detected through wound healing assays in A549 and MCF-7. Other cellular validation experiments including reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT‒qPCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to confirm the hypothesis of network pharmacology. RESULTS Five different chemotypes of anthraquinone derivatives (1-10), including six new compounds (3, 6-10), were identified from Streptomyces sp. SYP-A7185. Compounds 1-6 and 9 displayed moderate to strong cytotoxicity on five human cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, MCF-7, MDA-MD-231, and MGC-803). Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) were predicted as a potential antitumor target of metabolites 1-6 and 9 by comprehensive network pharmacology analysis. Later, BLI assays revealed strong intermolecular interactions between MMP2 and antitumor metabolites, and molecular docking results showed the interaction of metabolites 1-6 and 9 with MMP2 was dependent on the crucial amino acid residues of LEU-83, ALA-84, LEU-117, HIS-131, PRO-135, GLY-136, ALA-140, PRO-141, TYR-143, and THR-144. These results implied that metabolites (1-6 and 9) might inhibit cancer cell migration besides cancer cell proliferation. After that, the cell wound healing assay showed that the cell migration processes were also inhibited after the treatments of compounds 1 and 3 in A549 and MCF-7 cells. In addition, the RT‒qPCR and WB results demonstrated that the gene expression levels of MMP2 were decreased after the treatment with compounds 1 and 3 in A549 and MCF-7 cells. Besides, compound 2 displayed moderate antioxidant activity (EC50, 27.43 μM), compounds 3 and 6 exhibited moderate antibacterial activity, and compound 3 inhibited α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 13.10 μM. CONCLUSIONS Anthraquinone metabolites, from rhizosphere soil Streptomyces sp. of P. notoginseng, possess antitumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiglycosidase activities. Moreover, metabolites 1 and 3 inhibit cancer cells migration through downregulating MMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yan Xue
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yu-Ling Han
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xin-Yu Song
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Meng-Yue Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ming-Yu Xia
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Hao Y, Guo T, Ren J, Wang Y, Wang L, Shi Y, Feng W. Characterization of a thermostable, protease-tolerant inhibitor of α-glycosidase from carrot: A potential oral additive for treatment of diabetes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1271-1279. [PMID: 35460754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting α-glucosidase activity is important in controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and, thus, helping to manage type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the present study, we purified a hypothetical protein of carrots called DCHP (Daucus Carrot hypoglycemic peptide), and their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase, as well as related mechanisms, were investigated. The recombinant DCHP protein with a molecular weight of 8 kDa showed strong inhibitory activity against α-glycosidase and maintained good stability in solution. DCHP exhibited no inhibitory activity but was tolerant to trypsin and chymotrypsin. Cellular experiments demonstrated that glucose consumption and lactic acid production increased rapidly when treated with DCHP in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells. DCHP crystal was generated, and the crystal structure, which was similar to that of rBTI and consisted of a central α-helix and a two-stranded β-sheet with a unique loop region. The interaction between DCHP and α-glycosidase was investigated by molecular docking and site-directed mutation, which revealed that Glu43, Pro46, Thr47 Thr48 and Gln49 are the key residues in DCHP that inhibit α-glycosidase activity. This work provides potential bioactive peptides as functional foods or nutraceutical supplements in preventing and managing T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jinqi Ren
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yawei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Wei Feng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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12
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A Comparative Study between Conventional and Advanced Extraction Techniques: Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Properties of Plant Extracts. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072074. [PMID: 35408473 PMCID: PMC9000874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the influence of extraction methods on the pharmaceutical and cosmetic properties of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs). For this purpose, the dried plant materials were extracted using advanced (microwave (MAE), ultrasonic (UAE), and homogenizer (HAE) assisted extractions) and conventional techniques (maceration, percolation, decoction, infusion, and Soxhlet). The tyrosinase, elastase, α-amylase, butyryl, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition were tested by using L-3,4 dihydroxy-phenylalanine, N-Succinyl-Ala-Ala-p-nitroanilide, butyryl, and acetylcholine as respective substrates. Antioxidant activities were studied by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP. In terms of extraction yield, advanced extraction techniques showed the highest values (MAE > UAE > HAE). Chemical profiles were dependent on the phenolic compounds tested, whereas the antioxidant activities were always higher, mainly in infusion and decoction as a conventional technique. In relation to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic properties, the highest inhibitory activities against α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase were observed for Soxhlet and macerated extracts, whereas the highest activity against tyrosinase was obtained with MAE > maceration > Soxhlet. Elastase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities were in the order of Soxhlet > maceration > percolation, with no activities recorded for the other tested methods. In conclusion, advanced methods afford an extract with high yield, while conventional methods might be an adequate approach for minimal changes in the biological properties of the extract.
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13
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Moorthy NSHN, Brás NF, Ramos MJ, Fernandes PA. Structure based virtual screening of natural product molecules as glycosidase inhibitors. In Silico Pharmacol 2021; 9:56. [PMID: 34722112 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-021-00115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective of the present investigation comprised of the application of in silico methods to discover novel natural product (NP) based potential inhibitors for carbohydrate mediated diseases. Structure based drug design studies (molecular docking and structure based pharmacophore analysis) were carried out on a series of natural product compounds to identify significant bioactive molecules to inhibit α-mannosidase (I and II) and β-galactosidase enzymes. Furthermore, protein ligand interaction fingerprint analysis, molecular dynamics simulations and molecular access system (MACCS) fingerprint analysis were performed to understand the binding behaviors of the studied molecules. The results derived from these analyses showed that the identified compounds exhibit significant binding interactions with the active site residues. The compounds, NP-51, NP-81 and NP-165 have shown significant docking score against the studied enzymes (α-mannosidases-I, α-mannosidases-II and β-galactosidases). The fingerprint studies showed that the presence of rings (aromatic or aliphatic) with sulfur atoms, nitrogen atoms, methyl groups, etc. have favorable effects on the α-mannosidase II inhibitory activity. However, the presence of halogen atoms substituted in the molecules have reduced inhibitory ability against α-mannosidase II. The compound, NP-165 has significant activity against both enzymes (α-mannosidases and β-galactosidases). These studies accomplished that the compounds identified through in silico methodologies can be used to develop semisynthetic derivatives of the glycosidase inhibitors and can be screened for the treatment of different carbohydrate mediated diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-021-00115-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Hari Narayana Moorthy
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, MP 484887 India.,UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 6874169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Natércia F Brás
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 6874169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J Ramos
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 6874169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro A Fernandes
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 6874169-007 Porto, Portugal
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A Review on Antidiabetic Activity of Centaurea spp.: A New Approach for Developing Herbal Remedies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5587938. [PMID: 34285703 PMCID: PMC8275385 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5587938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-life metabolic disorder, characterized by high blood glucose levels. The hyperglycemic condition generally leads to irreversible nerve injury and vascular damage. Among different types of diabetes, type 2 is more common and has spread all over the world. Although various therapeutic approaches have been developed to control type 2 DM, regulating blood glucose levels has still remained a controversial challenge for patients. Also, most prescription drugs cause different side effects, such as gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, developing novel and efficient antidiabetic agents possessing fewer adverse effects is in high demand. Method The literature was comprehensively surveyed via search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus using appropriate keywords. Results Medicinal plants, both extracts and isolated active components, have played a significant role in controlling the blood glucose levels. Good-to-excellent results documented in the literature have made them a precious origin for developing and designing drugs and supplements against DM. Centaurea spp. have been traditionally used for controlling high blood glucose levels. Also, the antidiabetic properties of different species of Centaurea have been confirmed in recent studies through in vitro assays as well as in vivo experiments. Conclusion Potent results encouraged us to review their efficacy to open a new horizon for development of herbal antidiabetic agents.
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15
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Ge S, Duo L, Wang J, Yang J, Li Z, Tu Y. A unique understanding of traditional medicine of pomegranate, Punica granatum L. and its current research status. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113877. [PMID: 33515685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pomegranate, Punica granatum L., has been used in traditional medicine in China and several regions of the world including Ayurveda, Islamic, and Persian for the treatment of atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and several types of cancer, as well as for peptic ulcer and oral diseases for hundreds of years. Presently, pomegranate is treated as both a "medicine food homology" herbal medicine and a healthy food supplemental product. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this work is to develop an overview of pomegranate in the context of the status of its traditional medicine theories, the spread along the Silk Road, ethnopharmacological uses, chemical compositions, pharmacological activities, toxicology, and the involved pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on P. granatum L. was acquired from published materials, including monographs on medicinal plants, ancient and modern recorded classical texts; and pharmacopoeias and electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wanfang Data). RESULTS Pomegranate has been used in many traditional medical systems throughout history. It is widely cultivated in Central Asia and spread throughout China along the Silk Road. Many phytochemicals, such as tannins, organic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and volatile oils have been identified from different parts of pomegranate, these compounds have a wide range of activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-oncogenic properties, as well as conferring resistance to cerebrovascular disease. Furthermore, A summary of the four promising pharmacological pathways is provided. CONCLUSIONS The traditional uses, chemical compositions, pharmacological activities, and signaling pathways of pomegranate are summarized comprehensively in the review. It can be treated as a guidance for the future clinical and basic research. The information provided in this review will be very useful for further studies to develop novel therapeutic directions for application of pomegranate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Ge
- Medical Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China; Development Research Center of TCM, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Duo
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Ya Tu
- Medical Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China; Development Research Center of TCM, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China.
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16
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Ma F, Liu H, Xu S, Cheng Y, Fei Q, Chen H. Isolation of an acidic polysaccharide from the flowers of Leucosceptrum canum Smith and its immunomodulatory activity evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:177-184. [PMID: 33421465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide (LCP-05) was isolated from the flowers of Leucosceptrum canum Smith. LCP-05 was an acidic polysaccharide with a molecular weight of approximately 8.9 kDa. Monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that LCP-05 was composed of Man, Rha, GlcA, GalA, Glc, Gal and Ara in a molar ratio of 0.83:1.68:0.33:2.15:1.00:1.45:1.22. The framework of LCP-05 was speculated to be a branched rhamnogalacturonan with the backbone consisting of α-1,2,4-linked Rhap and α-1,4-linked GalAp, and bearing branches at the O-4 position of the Rha residues. The side chains are terminated primarily with the Araf and Glcp residues. LCP-05 was found to be able to significantly induce the production of NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells, and to induce RAW 264.7 cell's suppressive effect on both cell growth and cell migration of 4 T1 mammary breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Ma
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hongbing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
| | - Su Xu
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Yongyou Cheng
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Qiang Fei
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Haijiang Chen
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
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Seyed Hashemi M, Namiranian N, Tavahen H, Dehghanpour A, Rad MH, Jam-Ashkezari S, Emtiazy M, Hashempur MH. Efficacy of Pomegranate Seed Powder on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Complement Med Res 2020; 28:226-233. [PMID: 33302270 DOI: 10.1159/000510986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pomegranate is known as a functional food which has multiple health-promoting activities. It has been assessed for patients with metabolic syndrome. Specifically, an antidiabetic activity of its juice and plausible mechanisms for its action have been shown in multitudinous studies. The aim of this study was assessing the effects of complementary treatment with pomegranate seed powder (PSP) oral supplementation on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Sixty patients were treated for 8 weeks by 5 g PSP or placebo, twice daily. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) were recorded as the outcome measures at the beginning and after the intervention. The findings were analyzed using the independent t test and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS After 8 weeks, the mean differences of FBG, HbA1c, cholesterol, and TG were significantly decreased in the PSP group when compared with the placebo group (p value <0.05). In addition, post-intervention values of FBG and HbA1c were significantly lower in patients treated with PSP compared to the placebo group (p values = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). However, the latter comparison regarding cholesterol and TG showed no significant differences (p values = 0.51 and 0.26, respectively). CONCLUSION It seems that complementary treatment with PSP may have beneficial effects on FBG and HbA1c of patients with T2DM. However, its effect on TG and cholesterol was equivocal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monire Seyed Hashemi
- Department of Persian Medicine, The School of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nasim Namiranian
- Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hemaseh Tavahen
- Department of Persian Medicine, The School of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Dehghanpour
- Department of Persian Medicine, The School of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Rad
- Agricultural and Natural Resource Research and Education Center, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Jam-Ashkezari
- Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Majid Emtiazy
- Department of Persian Medicine, The School of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Research Center of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashem Hashempur
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran, .,Department of Persian Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran,
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Ellagic Acid as a Tool to Limit the Diabetes Burden: Updated Evidence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121226. [PMID: 33287432 PMCID: PMC7761821 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes not only to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) but also to diabetic vascular complications. It follows that antioxidants might contribute to limiting the diabetes burden. In this review we focus on ellagic acid (EA), a compound that can be obtained upon intestinal hydrolysis of dietary ellagitannins, a family of polyphenols naturally found in several fruits and seeds. There is increasing research on cardiometabolic effects of ellagitannins, EA, and urolithins (EA metabolites). We updated research conducted on these compounds and (I) glucose metabolism; (II) inflammation, oxidation, and glycation; and (III) diabetic complications. We included studies testing EA in isolation, extracts or preparations enriched in EA, or EA-rich foods (mostly pomegranate juice). Animal research on the topic, entirely conducted in murine models, mostly reported glucose-lowering, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation effects, along with prevention of micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications. Clinical research is incipient and mostly involved non-randomized and low-powered studies, which confirmed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of EA-rich foods, but without conclusive results on glucose control. Overall, EA-related compounds might be potential agents to limit the diabetes burden, but well-designed human randomized controlled trials are needed to fill the existing gap between experimental and clinical research.
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Pomegranate: Nutraceutical with Promising Benefits on Human Health. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10196915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pomegranate is an old plant made up by flowers, roots, fruits and leaves, native to Central Asia and principally cultivated in the Mediterranean and California (although now widespread almost all over the globe). The current use of this precious plant regards not only the exteriority of the fruit (employed also for ornamental purpose) but especially the nutritional and, still potential, health benefits that come out from the various parts composing this one (carpellary membranes, arils, seeds and bark). Indeed, the phytochemical composition of the fruit abounds in compounds (flavonoids, ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins, mineral salts, vitamins, lipids, organic acids) presenting a significant biological and nutraceutical value. For these reasons, pomegranate interest is increased over the years as the object of study for many research groups, particularly in the pharmaceutical sector. Specifically, in-depth studies of its biological and functional properties and the research of new formulations could be applied to a wide spectrum of diseases including neoplastic, cardiovascular, viral, inflammatory, metabolic, microbial, intestinal, reproductive and skin diseases. In this review, considering the increasing scientific and commercial interest of nutraceuticals, we reported an update of the investigations concerning the health-promoting properties of pomegranate and its bioactive compounds against principal human pathologies.
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Mamache W, Amira S, Ben Souici C, Laouer H, Benchikh F. In vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterases, anti-α-amylase, and anti-α-glucosidase effects of Algerian Salvia aegyptiaca and Salvia verbenaca. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13472. [PMID: 33000487 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Salvia aegyptiaca and Salvia verbenaca aerial part decoction and methanol extracts (SAE DE, SAE ME, SVR DE, and SVR ME) were screened for their in vitro antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, and antidiabetic enzymes inhibition activities. The antioxidant properties of Salvia extracts were determined using DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging, Alkaline DMSO superoxide radical scavenging, β-carotene bleaching, reducing power, and metal chelating activity assays. All extracts showed high antioxidant capacity and the antioxidant properties with the best performance were detected in the SAE ME and SVR ME. The extracts of S. aegyptiaca and S. verbenaca showed a low inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), whereas, the methanol extract of S. aegyptiaca had the highest inhibitory activity on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (71.60 ± 4.33% for 100 µg/ml) compared to the other extracts. In vitro inhibitory effect on diabetic enzymes showed that the ME inhibited α-amylase enzyme with an IC50 86 and 101 µg/ml for SAE and SVR, respectively. Similarly, both extracts inhibited α-glucosidase with (IC50 97 and 150 µg/ml, respectively). The decoction extracts exhibited lower activity on both enzymes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: It is becoming evident that oxidative stress is involved in several acute and chronic diseases. Counteracting free radical generation has become one of the widest fields of research worldwide. This study deals with the in vitro antioxidant activity of two plants from the Salvia genus as well as the assessment of their in vitro inhibitory properties of four key enzymes implicated in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Concerning the practical applications of our work, it can be explored in its antioxidant part as a food supplement to prevent the excess of free radicals in the body and also in other industrial practices. Another potential use is in the prevention and amelioration of both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease symptoms for the extracts that had enzyme inhibitory activity, but this deserves further toxicological and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Mamache
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
| | - Smain Amira
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
| | - Chawki Ben Souici
- Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie (C.R.B.T) Constantine, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Hocine Laouer
- Laboratory of Valorization of Natural Biological Resources, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
| | - Fatima Benchikh
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
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Wang X, Yuan L, Deng H, Zhang Z. Structural characterization and stability study of green synthesized starch stabilized silver nanoparticles loaded with isoorientin. Food Chem 2020; 338:127807. [PMID: 32818865 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Isoorientin (Iso) is a natural flavonoid, the effect of metal nanoparticles loaded with it was unknown. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by corn starch and sodium citrate with the green synthesis method, and the structural characterization and stability of AgNPs loaded with Iso (AgNPs-Iso) were examined by UV-vis spectroscopy and zetasizer. Results showed that AgNPs (65 ± 0.87 nm, spheres) successfully loaded with Iso (117 ± 2.13 nm, loading efficiency: 76.60%). There are no significant changes of the stability of AgNPs and AgNPs-Iso in pH 5-9 and 0-0.30 M of NaCl solution. AgNPs-Iso was more stable than AgNPs in the simulated gastrointestinal digestion in vitro. Furthermore, AgNPs-Iso showed the lower erythrocytes hemolysis ratio and cytotoxicity, and exhibited a notably inhibitive effect on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. Therefore, this study could provide the basic support for the further development of highly stable and lowly cytotoxic AgNPs-Iso on Type II diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western China Fruit Resources, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western China Fruit Resources, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Deng
- Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western China Fruit Resources, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western China Fruit Resources, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
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Fazil M, Nikhat S, Ali I. An Insight into Unani Hypoglycemic Drugs and Their Mechanism of Action. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:165-176. [PMID: 32679015 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200717143540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus type-II is a major health problem characterized by hypoinsulinemia and insulin resistance, leading to hyperglycemia and its complications. In Unani medicine, it is known as ziyābetus. Several drugs are prescribed in Unani medicine as single and compound formulations for this disease. Most of these drugs have been studied on scientific parameters and shown significant activity in reducing the symptoms and complications of diabetes. OBJECTIVES Critical evaluation of Unani medicines for treating diabetes patients have been conducted. The aim of the study is to provide complete information on this subject with the action of the mechanism so that proper treatment should be done with prospective research. METHODS Unani literature was reviewed extensively via various search engines for the herbs, shrubs used for diabetes treatment. Ten drugs were selected for the present review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION There is convincing evidence to suggest that the selected drugs have promising actions against diabetes and its complications. In addition, none of the studies has reported any adverse effects with the drugs. Also, there is evidence to suggest that the method of usage described in Unani medicine may reduce or eliminate adverse events, if any. Further, there is a great need to do more research on making medicine more effective. Besides, the review article is useful for treating patients effectively by advancing the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fazil
- HAK Institute of Literary and Historical Research in Unani Medicine, CCRUM, JMI Campus, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Sadia Nikhat
- Department of Ilaj bit Tadbeer, School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi- 110062, India
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
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Chemical structure and inhibition on α-glucosidase of a novel polysaccharide from Hypsizygus marmoreus. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Eqbal K, Alam MA, Quamri MA, Sofi G, Ahmad Bhat MD. Efficacy of Qurs-e-Gulnar in Ziabetus (type 2 Diabetes Mellitus): a single blind randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 18:147-153. [PMID: 32554837 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Diabetes is a serious threat to global health that respects neither socioeconomic status nor national boundaries. Globally, diabetes is among the top 10 causes of death. Unani system argued the effectiveness of several anti-hyperglycemic drugs, and all such drugs looked-for to be validated on scientifically. Hence a clinical trial was contemplated to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Qurs-e-Gulnar in the management of Diabetes Mellitus. METHODS This study was conducted as single blind randomized control, on 40 patients of type 2 diabetes with the test (n=20) and control (n=20) groups for 45 days. Test group received Qurs-e-Gulnar at the dose of three Qurs twice a day, and control group received two capsules Diabeat® twice a day before meal. Subjective (at 0, 15th, 30th, and 45th) and objective parameters were assessed as pre-post treatment respectively. RESULTS After treatment with test compound significant reduction was observed in all the subjective parameters viz. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and tiredness in comparison of control group. The objective parameters FBS and PPBS was found to be significantly reduced (p<0.001) in both the groups where as HbA1c was found unchanged in test group but control drug showed highly significant reduction in HbA1c (p<0.001).The results were assessed statistically using two tailed Student's t-test, and Fischer exact test. CONCLUSION On the basis of above observation it is concluded that the test compound Qurs-e-Gulnar has significant anti-diabetic effect which is evidentially observed both in subjective and objective parameters in test group in comparison of control group (CTRI/2017/07/009060).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Eqbal
- Department of Moalajat, Sufiya Unani Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bara Chakia East Champaran, Bihar, India
| | - Md Anzar Alam
- Department of Moalajat, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India
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Cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of flavonoids from Lippia graveolens (Mexican oregano). Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Delgado NTB, Rouver WN, Dos Santos RL. Protective Effects of Pomegranate in Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:3684-3699. [PMID: 32250215 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200406152147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Punica granatum L. is an infructescence native of occidental Asia and Mediterranean Europe, popularly referred to as pomegranate. It has been used in ethnomedicine for several applications, including the treatment of obesity, inflammation, diabetes, and the regulation of blood lipid parameters. Thus, pomegranate has been linked to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases that have endothelial dysfunction as a common factor acting mainly against oxidative stress due to its high polyphenol content. Its biocomponents have antihypertensive, antiatherogenic, antihyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which promote cardiovascular protection through the improvement of endothelial function. METHODS Different electronic databases were searched in a non-systematic way to uncover the literature of interest. CONCLUSION This review article presents updated information on the role of pomegranate in the context of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. We have shown that pomegranate, or rather its components (e.g., tannins, flavonoids, phytoestrogens, anthocyanins, alkaloids, etc.), have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, improving parameters such as oxidative stress and the enzymatic antioxidant system, reducing reactive oxygen species formation and acting in an anti-inflammatory way. Thus, this review may contribute to a better understanding of pomegranate's beneficial actions on endothelial function and possibly to the development of strategies associated with conventional treatments of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie T B Delgado
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Wender N Rouver
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Roger L Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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Zahoor M, Bari WU, Zeb A, Khan I. Toxicological, anticholinesterase, antilipidemic, antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials of Grewia optiva Drummond ex Burret extracts. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 31:/j/jbcpp.ahead-of-print/jbcpp-2019-0220/jbcpp-2019-0220.xml. [PMID: 31926084 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background In this study, Grewia optiva Drummond ex Burret root extracts were assessed for use as a remedy for oxidative stress, diabetes mellitus and neurological disorders. Methods The antioxidative potentials of the extracts were determined using DPPH and ABTS assays, whereas their enzyme inhibitory potentials were determined against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-glucosidase and α-amylase. In the in vivo experiments, methanol extract was orally administered to mice (n = 5) at four doses of 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg kg-1 for 30 days and its effect on glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, etc. were investigated. Results The highest free radical scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals were recorded for the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts, and their respective IC50 values were 75 and 88 μg/mL. In addition, these two fractions were highly active in inhibiting AChE and BChE, with IC50 values of 120 and 185 μg/mL, respectively. Moderate inhibition (μg/mL) was recorded against α-glucosidase (69.02 ± 1.02 and 64.29 ± 2.41) and α-amylase (65.12 ± 2.02 and 63.29 ± 1.41) and these were comparable to the inhibitory activities exhibited by the standard, acarbose. All the extracts showed high phenolic and flavonoid contents, which correlated with their antioxidant, anticholinesterase, α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities. The phenolic compounds in the crude extract and fractions were determined using the standard HPLC method and bioactive compounds, namely, morin, ellagic acid, kaempferol-3-(p-coumaroyl-diglucoside)-7-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-(caffeoyl-diglucoside)-7-glucoside, etc., which were detected at various retention times. Significant decrease in cholesterol, triglyceride and blood glucose levels were observed. Conclusion G. optiva is a good source of antioxidants and other phytochemicals, some of which possess anticholinesterase, anti-glucosidase, and anti-amylase activities, and can be used to treat different health conditions such as oxidative stress, neurological disorders, and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor
- Biochemistry Department, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, 18800 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Ul Bari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Alam Zeb
- Biochemistry Department, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan
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Mkhwanazi BN, van Heerden FR, Mavondo GA, Mabandla MV, Musabayane CT. Triterpene derivative improves the renal function of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: a follow-up study on maslinic acid. Ren Fail 2019; 41:547-554. [PMID: 31234683 PMCID: PMC6598493 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1623818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Reports indicate that oral administration of plant-derived maslinic acid (MA) exhibits hypoglycemic and renoprotective effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Challenges with triterpenes such as MA include low bioavailabilty which affects treatment efficacy in experimental animals. The goal of this study was to synthesize the MA derivative phenylhydrazine (PH-MA) in an effort to improve the efficacy of MA. Methods: Separate groups of non-diabetic and STZ-induced diabetic rats (n = 6) were anesthetized and the jugular vein cannulated for the infusion of 0.077 M NaCl at 9 mL/h. The bladder was catheterized for collection the urine samples every 30 min. After 30.5 h equilibration period, consecutive 30 min urine collections were made over the subsequent 4 h of 1 h control, 1.5 h treatment, and 1.5 h recovery periods. PH-MA (22 µg/h) and MA (90 µg/h) were added during the treatment periods for analysis of proximal tubular Na+ handling, plasma aldosterone and arginine vasopressin in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Results: Intravenous infusion of PH-MA (22 µg/h) and MA (90 µg/h) significantly (p ˂ .05) increased Na+ output, fractional excretion of Na+ (FENa) and lithium (FELi). Interestingly, like MA, PH-MA significantly (p ˂ .05) increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over the treatment period and decreased plasma aldosterone levels. Our findings indicate that PH-MA inhibited sodium reabsorption in the proximal and distal tubule as shown by increased FENa and low plasma aldosterone levels, respectively. Conclusions: PH-MA is, therefore, a promising multitarget antidiabetic agent that may ameliorate kidney function of diabetic patients at a dose four times lower than the parent compound (MA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Nkazimulo Mkhwanazi
- a School of Agricultural, Earth & Environmental Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Scottsville , South Africa
| | | | - Greanious Alfred Mavondo
- c Faculty of Medicine , National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Bulawayao , Zimbabwe
| | - Musa Vuyisile Mabandla
- d School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
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The determination of α-glucosidase activity through a nano fluorescent sensor of F-PDA−CoOOH. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1080:170-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Shao T, Yuan P, Zhu L, Xu H, Li X, He S, Li P, Wang G, Chen K. Carbon Nanoparticles Inhibit Α-Glucosidase Activity and Induce a Hypoglycemic Effect in Diabetic Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183257. [PMID: 31500170 PMCID: PMC6767295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
New, improved therapies to reduce blood glucose are required for treating diabetes mellitus (DM). Here, we investigated the use of a new nanomaterial candidate for DM treatment, carbon nanoparticles (CNPs). CNPs were prepared by carbonization using a polysaccharide from Arctium lappa L. root as the carbon source. The chemical structure and morphology of the CNPs were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. CNPs were spherical, 10-20 nm in size, consisting of C, H, O, and N, and featuring various functional groups, including C=O, C=C, C–O, and C–N. In vitro, the as-prepared CNPs could inhibit α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 0.5677 mg/mL, which is close to that of the reference drug acarbose. Moreover, in vivo hypoglycemic assays revealed that the CNPs significantly reduced fasting blood-glucose levels in mice with diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozocin, lowering blood glucose after intragastric administration for 42 days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CNPs exhibiting α-glucosidase inhibition and a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of CNPs for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taili Shao
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Pingchuan Yuan
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Honggang Xu
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xichen Li
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Shuguang He
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ping Li
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China.
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China.
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China.
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Wan-Nadilah WA, Akhtar MT, Shaari K, Khatib A, Hamid AA, Hamid M. Variation in the metabolites and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Cosmos caudatus at different growth stages. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:245. [PMID: 31488132 PMCID: PMC6727405 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2655-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cosmos caudatus is an annual plant known for its medicinal value in treating several health conditions, such as high blood pressure, arthritis, and diabetes mellitus. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and total phenolic content of the leaf aqueous ethanolic extracts of the plant at different growth stages (6, 8. 10, 12 and 14 weeks) were determined in an effort to ascertain the best time to harvest the plant for maximum medicinal quality with respect to its glucose-lowering effects. METHODS The aqueous ethanolic leaf extracts of C. caudatus were characterized by NMR and LC-MS/MS. The total phenolic content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay, respectively. The statistical significance of the results was evaluated using one-way ANOVA with Duncan's post hoc test, and correlation among the different activities was performed by Pearson's correlation test. NMR spectroscopy along with multivariate data analysis was used to identify the metabolites correlated with total phenolic content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the C. caudatus leaf extracts. RESULTS It was found that the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and total phenolic content of the optimized ethanol:water (80:20) leaf extract of the plant increased significantly as the plant matured, reaching a maximum at the 10th week. The IC50 value for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (39.18 μg mL- 1) at the 10th week showed greater potency than the positive standard, quercetin (110.50 μg mL- 1). Through an 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach, the 10-week-old samples were shown to be correlated with a high total phenolic content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. From the partial least squares biplot, rutin and flavonoid glycosides, consisting of quercetin 3-O-arabinofuranoside, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, and quercetin 3-O-xyloside, were identified as the major bioactive metabolites. The metabolites were identified by NMR spectroscopy (J-resolve, HSQC and HMBC experiments) and further supported by dereplication via LC-MS/MS. CONCLUSION For high phytomedicinal quality, the 10th week is recommended as the best time to harvest C. caudatus leaves with respect to its glucose lowering potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ahmad Wan-Nadilah
- Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Kuliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Azizah Abdul Hamid
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhajir Hamid
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Effects of pomegranate aril juice and its punicalagin on some key regulators of insulin resistance and oxidative liver injury in streptozotocin-nicotinamide type 2 diabetic rats. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:3701-3711. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04813-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mandal P, Subba A, Sahu R, Bhardwaj S. Alpha glucosidase inhibiting activity and in vivo antidiabetic activity of Fraxinus floribunda bark in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacognosy Res 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_32_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Yue X, Su L, Chen X, Liu J, Zheng L, Zhang J. A new method for the in situ assay of α-glucosidase activity and inhibitor screening through an enzyme substrate-mediated DNA hybridization chain reaction. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01868a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The strategy is based on small molecule-mediated hybridization chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiquan Yue
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Lihong Su
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai 200072
- P. R. China
| | - Longpo Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai 200072
- P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing
- School of Life Sciences
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
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Zaidi H, Ouchemoukh S, Amessis-Ouchemoukh N, Debbache N, Pacheco R, Serralheiro ML, Araujo ME. Biological properties of phenolic compound extracts in selected Algerian honeys—The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase activities. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Akhtar N, Jafri L, Green BD, Kalsoom S, Mirza B. A Multi-Mode Bioactive Agent Isolated From Ficus microcarpa L. Fill. With Therapeutic Potential for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1376. [PMID: 30542284 PMCID: PMC6277780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder, characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. Natural products and its derived active compounds may be achievable alternatives for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In present study we investigated the antidiabetic potential of Ficus microcarpa and isolated bioactive compounds i.e., Plectranthoic acid A (PA-A) and 3,4,5,7-Flavantetrol (FL). Anti-hyperglycemic potential was evaluated via α-glucosidase, α-amylase and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) assays. 5'AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation potential was assessed by using primary hepatocytes. Distribution of PA-A in different parts of Ficus microcarpa was evaluated by using rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ethyl acetate fraction (FME) exhibited significant inhibition of α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPP-4, therefore, was selected for isolation of bioactive compounds. Among isolated compounds PA-A was more potent and possessed pleotropic inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 39.5, 55.5, and 51.4 μM against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPP-4, respectively. Our results showed that PA-A is also a potent activator of AMPK which is a central hub of metabolic regulation. Molecular docking studies confirmed the activity of PA-A against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPP-4. Rapid HPLC method revealed that maximum concentration of PA-A is present in the stem (2.25 μg/mg dry weight) of Ficus microcarpa. Both in vitro and in silico studies proposed that Ficus microcarpa and its isolated compound PA-A could be an important natural source for alleviating the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus and we suggest that PA-A should be explored further for its ultimate use for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Laila Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Brian D Green
- Advanced ASSET Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Saima Kalsoom
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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38
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Alam F, Shafique Z, Amjad ST, Bin Asad MHH. Enzymes inhibitors from natural sources with antidiabetic activity: A review. Phytother Res 2018; 33:41-54. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiaz Alam
- Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Zainab Shafique
- Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad Pakistan
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Prada AL, Keita H, de Souza TP, Lima ES, Acho LDR, da Silva MDJA, Carvalho JCT, Amado JRR. Cassia grandis Lf nanodispersion is a hypoglycemic product with a potent α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitor effect. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 27:191-199. [PMID: 30766429 PMCID: PMC6362179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect, antioxidant, α-glucosidase and lipase inhibitory activity, and the cytotoxicity of the Cassia grandis nanodispersion (CgND). Methods The hypoglycemic effect was evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The particle size, polydispersion index, ζ-potential, and conductivity, as well as the drug-loaded content, were monitored in shelf-live, along a year. The delivery profile was evaluated in simulated intestinal fluids at pH 6.5 and 7.4. The antioxidant effect was evaluated as DPPH and ABTS inhibition. The murine α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and the lipase-inhibitory effect were evaluated in vitro. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the Alamar blue test. Results CgND remained stable for a year in shelf conditions. The hypoglycemic effect in a dose of 10 mg/kg was not statistically different from glibenclamide 25 mg/kg. Nanoparticles released 100% of extract in 120 min at pH 6.5 and 7.4. Nanodispersion exhibited a potent α-glucosidase and lipase-inhibitory effect with IC50 of 3.96 and 0.58 µg/mL, respectively. A strong antioxidant activity against DPPH (IC50 0.65 µg/mL) and ABTS (0.48 µg/mL) was also observed. The hypoglycemic effect could occur, at least in part, via antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition. CgND is non-cytotoxic in MRC-5 line cell. This nanodispersion is a promising nanotechnological product that could be used in pharmaceuticals for the treatment of Type II diabetes and related complications as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Lafourcade Prada
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Oriente, Patricio Lumumba s/n, Santiago de Cuba, CP 84500 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.,Drug Research Laboratory, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 2, Jardim Marco Zero, CEP: 68903-419 Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Hady Keita
- Division of Postgraduate Studies in Health, University of La Sierra del Sur, Calle Guillermo Rojas Mijangos S/N, Esq. Av. Universidad Colonial, Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, C.P. 70800 Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Tatiane Pereira de Souza
- Laboratory of Innovation and Development in Pharmaceutical Technology (LIDETEF), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Ave Rodrigo Otavio Ramos, 6200, Barrio Coroado, CEP 69077-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, Federal University of Amazonas, Ave. Rodrigo Otavio Ramos 6200, Coroado, CEP 69077-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Leonard Domingo Rosales Acho
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, Federal University of Amazonas, Ave. Rodrigo Otavio Ramos 6200, Coroado, CEP 69077-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Márcia de Jesus Amazonas da Silva
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, Federal University of Amazonas, Ave. Rodrigo Otavio Ramos 6200, Coroado, CEP 69077-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Drug Research Laboratory, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 2, Jardim Marco Zero, CEP: 68903-419 Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Jesus Rafael Rodriguez Amado
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Oriente, Patricio Lumumba s/n, Santiago de Cuba, CP 84500 Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.,Laboratory of Innovation and Development in Pharmaceutical Technology (LIDETEF), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Ave Rodrigo Otavio Ramos, 6200, Barrio Coroado, CEP 69077-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
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40
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Cassia grandis fruit extract reduces the blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:421-428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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41
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Wang D, Özen C, Abu-Reidah IM, Chigurupati S, Patra JK, Horbanczuk JO, Jóźwik A, Tzvetkov NT, Uhrin P, Atanasov AG. Vasculoprotective Effects of Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.). Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:544. [PMID: 29881352 PMCID: PMC5977444 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), one of the oldest known edible fruits, is nowadays broadly consumed throughout the world. Its fruits and seeds as well as other anatomical compartments (e.g., flowers and leaves) are rich in numerous bioactive compounds and therefore, the scientific interest in this plant has been constantly growing in recent years. It has been shown that pomegranate and its extracts exhibit potent antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic properties. The present review summarizes some recent studies on pomegranate, highlighting mainly its vasculoprotective role attributed to the presence of hydrolyzable tannins ellagitannins and ellagic acid, as well as other compounds (e.g., anthocyanins and flavonoids). These in vitro and in vivo studies showed that substances derived from pomegranate reduce oxidative stress and platelet aggregation, diminish lipid uptake by macrophages, positively influence endothelial cell function, and are involved in blood pressure regulation. Clinical studies demonstrated that daily intake of pomegranate juice lessens hypertension and attenuates atherosclerosis in humans. Altogether, the reviewed studies point out the potential benefits of a broader use of pomegranate and its constituents as dietary supplements or as adjuvants in therapy of vascular diseases, such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and peripheral artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cigdem Özen
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Health Campus Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim M Abu-Reidah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jarosław O Horbanczuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Artur Jóźwik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Molecular Design and Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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42
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Colantuono A, Ferracane R, Vitaglione P. In vitro bioaccessibility and functional properties of polyphenols from pomegranate peels and pomegranate peels-enriched cookies. Food Funct 2018; 7:4247-4258. [PMID: 27722370 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00942e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an urgent social problem and new functional foods providing polyphenols and dietary fibers (DF) may be promising tools to modulate oxidative stress, inflammation and energy homeostasis. Pomegranate peels (PPe) are an agro-industrial by-product containing polyphenols such as ellagitannins (ETs), gallic acid (GA), ellagic acid (EA) and its derivatives (EAs), as well as DF. In this study, PPe enriched cookies (PPeC) were developed, and the bioaccessibility as well as the ability of their polyphenols to exert antioxidant activity along the Gastro-intestinal Tract (GiT) and to modulate digestive enzymes were evaluated in vitro. Data showed that the potential bioaccessibility of ETs was 40% lower from PPeC than PPe whereas EAs' and GA bioaccessibility increased by 93% and 52% for PPeC compared to PPe. The concentration of the polyphenols at each digestion step was associated with the total antioxidant capacity of the potentially bioaccessible material. Moreover the polyphenols released in the simulated duodenal phase upon PPeC digestion exhibited inhibitory activity towards α-glucosidase, α-amylase and lipase, being α-glucosidase > α-amylase > lipase. In conclusion, the data demonstrated that the inclusion of PPe at 7.5% in a bakery product potentially led to a high bioaccessibility of ETs' degradation products (mainly EA and EAs) in the duodenum, with a consequent antioxidant protection along the GiT and modulation of glucose metabolism. Further human studies are warranted to evaluate whether these effects also occur in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Colantuono
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Rosalia Ferracane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Paola Vitaglione
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy.
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43
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Lee CJ, Chen LG, Liang WL, Hsieh MS, Wang CC. Inhibitory effects of punicalagin from Punica granatum against type II collagenase-induced osteoarthritis. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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44
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Ovais M, Ayaz M, Khalil AT, Shah SA, Jan MS, Raza A, Shahid M, Shinwari ZK. HPLC-DAD finger printing, antioxidant, cholinesterase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory potentials of a novel plant Olax nana. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:1. [PMID: 29295712 PMCID: PMC5751879 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medicinal importance of a novel plant Olax nana Wall. ex Benth. (family: Olacaceae) was revealed for the first time via HPLC-DAD finger printing, qualitative phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, cholinesterase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays. METHODS The crude methanolic extract of O. nana (ON-Cr) was subjected to qualitative phytochemical analysis and HPLC-DAD finger printing. The antioxidant potential of ON-Cr was assessed via 1,1-diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radical scavenging assays. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) & butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities were performed using Ellman's assay, while α- glucosidase inhibitory assay was carried out using a standard protocol. RESULTS The qualitative phytochemical analysis of ON-Cr revealed the presence of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, saponins and terpenoids. The HPLC-DAD finger printing revealed the presence of 40 potential compounds in ON-Cr. Considerable anti-radical activities was revealed by ON-Cr in the DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 free radical scavenging assays with IC50 values of 71.46, 72.55 and 92.33 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, ON-Cr showed potent AChE and BChE inhibitory potentials as indicated by their IC50 values of 33.2 and 55.36 μg/mL, respectively. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, ON-Cr exhibited moderate inhibitory propensity with an IC50 value of 639.89 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS This study investigated Olax nana for the first time for detailed qualitative phytochemical tests, HPLC-DAD finger printing analysis, antioxidant, anticholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. The antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory results were considerable and can provide scientific basis for further studies on the neuroprotective and anti-Alzheimer's potentials of this plant. ON-Cr may further be subjected to fractionation and polarity guided fractionation to narrow down the search for isolation of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ovais
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Chakdara, 18000 Pakistan
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Afzal Shah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Chakdara, 18000 Pakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- National Institute for Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
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45
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Tang D, Liu L, Ajiakber D, Ye J, Xu J, Xin X, Aisa HA. Anti-diabetic Effect of Punica granatum Flower Polyphenols Extract in Type 2 Diabetic Rats: Activation of Akt/GSK-3β and Inhibition of IRE1α-XBP1 Pathways. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:586. [PMID: 30374328 PMCID: PMC6196233 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes with more than hundreds of millions of patients worldwide. However, the medicines for treatment of T2DM are very limited. In China, Punica granatum L. flower (PGF) has been used as an anti-diabetic herb in the herbal medicine. The activity involves in improvement of insulin sensitivity. However, the underlying mechanism of action is elusive. The current study was designed to address this issue by investigating the effect of polyphenols extract of PGF in diabetic rats. A rat model was orally administrated with PGF polyphenols extract at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was improved as indicated by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). At the molecular level, insulin signaling activity was improved with an elevation in insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1), Akt and GSK-3β. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signals including phosphorylation of inositol-requiring kinase1 (IRE1) and activation of X box binding protein (XBP-1) splicing were decreased by the PGF treatment. Expressions of IRE1α, XBPs, and CHOP were all decreased by PGF. Blood lipid profile, liver glycogen content and antioxidant status were improved by PGF in the rats. The observations suggest that PGF is able to lower glucose levels in T2DM rats by improving the insulin resistance. The mechanism is likely related to the activation of Akt-GSK3β signaling pathway and inhibition of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dildar Ajiakber
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Ye
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisisana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jianjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelei Xin
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xuelei Xin
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Haji Akber Aisa
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β-ecdysterone from Cyanotis arachnoidea exerts hypoglycemic effects through activating IRS-1/Akt/GLUT4 and IRS-1/Akt/GLUT2 signal pathways in KK-Ay mice. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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47
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Glycolytic enzyme inhibitory and antiglycation potential of rutin. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjps.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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48
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Xu J, Zhao Y, Aisa HA. Anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate flower in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:2095-2101. [PMID: 28832232 PMCID: PMC6130474 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1357737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Punica granatum L (Punicaceae) flower is an important diabetes treatment in oriental herbal medicine. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the inflammation effects of pomegranate flower (PFE) ethanol extract in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS PFE (10, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL) was applied to 1 μg/mL LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro. Levels of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-1β), interleukin (IL)-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the supernatant fraction were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) subgroups extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38, as well as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in extracts were detected via Western blot. RESULTS 10-100 μg/mL PFE decreased the production of NO (IC50 value = 31.8 μg/mL), PGE2 (IC50 value = 54.5 μg/mL), IL-6 (IC50 value = 48.7 μg/mL), IL-1β (IC50 value = 71.3 μg/mL) and TNF-α (IC50 value = 62.5 μg/mL) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells significantly. A mechanism-based study showed that phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, JNK and translocation of the NF-B p65 subunit into nuclei were inhibited by the PFE treatment. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results show that PFE produced potential anti-inflammatory effect through modulating the synthesis of several mediators and cytokines involved in the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
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Rakesh KP, Shantharam CS, Sridhara MB, Manukumar HM, Qin HL. Benzisoxazole: a privileged scaffold for medicinal chemistry. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:2023-2039. [PMID: 30108720 PMCID: PMC6072331 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00449d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The benzisoxazole analogs represent one of the privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and there has been an increasing number of studies on benzisoxazole-containing compounds. The unique benzisoxazole scaffold also exhibits an impressive potential as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycation agents and so on. This review examines the state of the art in medicinal chemistry as it relates to the comprehensive and general summary of the different benzisoxazole analogs, their use as starting building blocks of multifarious architectures on scales sufficient to drive human drug trials. The number of reports describing benzisoxazole-containing highly active compounds leads to the expectation that this scaffold will further emerge as a potential candidate in the field of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Rakesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Life Science , Wuhan University of Technology , 205 Luoshi Road , Wuhan , 430073 , PR China .
| | - C S Shantharam
- Department of Chemistry , Pooja Bhagavath Memorial Mahajana Education Centre , Mysuru-570016 , Karnataka , India . ; Tel: +91 8904386977
| | - M B Sridhara
- Department of Chemistry , Rani Channamma University , Vidyasangama , Belagavi-591156 , Karnataka , India
| | - H M Manukumar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology , University of Mysore , Manasagangotri , Mysuru-570006 , Karnataka , India
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Life Science , Wuhan University of Technology , 205 Luoshi Road , Wuhan , 430073 , PR China .
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50
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Dietary Anthocyanins and Insulin Resistance: When Food Becomes a Medicine. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101111. [PMID: 29023424 PMCID: PMC5691727 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is an abnormal physiological state that occurs when insulin from pancreatic β-cells is unable to trigger a signal transduction pathway in target organs such as the liver, muscles and adipose tissues. The loss of insulin sensitivity is generally associated with persistent hyperglycemia (diabetes), hyperinsulinemia, fatty acids and/or lipid dysregulation which are often prevalent under obesity conditions. Hence, insulin sensitizers are one class of drugs currently employed to treat diabetes and associated metabolic disorders. A number of natural products that act through multiple mechanisms have also been identified to enhance insulin sensitivity in target organs. One group of such compounds that gained interest in recent years are the dietary anthocyanins. Data from their in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies are scrutinized in this communication to show their potential health benefit through ameliorating insulin resistance. Specific mechanism of action ranging from targeting specific signal transduction receptors/enzymes to the general antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of insulin resistance are presented.
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