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Jedrejek D, Pawelec S. Comprehensive Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Flavonoids in Dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale) Flowers and Food Products. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17368-17376. [PMID: 39056175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Taraxacum officinale, a cosmopolitan perennial, is widely used as an edible, fodder, honey, and medicinal plant. Interestingly, detailed LC-QTOF-MS profiling of the flower extract revealed the presence of several flavonoid signals, most likely lacking literature confirmation. Targeted isolation, including extraction based on DoE planning, led to the isolation of 11 flavonoids, three of which were new (16, 18, and 33). Their structures were determined by the NMR technique. Both biflavones (16 and 18) were structured by two luteolin molecules, linked by a C-C bond through IB (C-6') and IIA (C-6″ or C-8″) rings. Novel flavonolignan (33) was composed of tricin and an unusual carboxyl function containing a lignan moiety. The content of 28 flavonoids (glycosides, aglycones, biflavones, and flavonolignans) was determined by the LC-MS/MS method in raw flowers and dandelion syrups and tincture. Multivariate analyses showed the separation of spring and autumn flowers and a high diversity of food products and helped to identify metabolites correlated with the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Jedrejek
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Str., Puławy 24-100, Poland
| | - Sylwia Pawelec
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Str., Puławy 24-100, Poland
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Lee S, Lee CH, Lee J, Jeong Y, Park JH, Nam IJ, Lee DS, Lee HM, Ahn SY, Kim E, Jeong S, Yu SS, Lee W. Botanical formulation HX110B ameliorates PPE-induced emphysema in mice via regulation of PPAR/RXR signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305911. [PMID: 39052574 PMCID: PMC11271920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an inflammatory lung disease, causes approximately 3 million deaths each year; however, its pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether HX110B, a mixture of Taraxacum officinale, Dioscorea batatas, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia extracts, could suppress porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema in mice and its mechanism of action. The therapeutic efficacy of HX110B was tested using a PPE-induced emphysema mouse model and human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. In vivo data showed that the alveolar wall and air space expansion damaged by PPE were improved by HX110B administration. HX110B also effectively suppresses the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-6, IL-1β, MIP-2, and iNOS, while stimulating the expression of lung protective factors such as IL-10, CC16, SP-D, and sRAGE. Moreover, HX110B improved the impaired OXPHOS subunit gene expression. In vitro analysis revealed that HX110B exerted its effects by activating the PPAR-RXR signaling pathways. Overall, our data demonstrated that HX110B could be a promising therapeutic option for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungkyu Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonseon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyung Park
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Jeong Nam
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Suk Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Myung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Ahn
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Eujung Kim
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungyeon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Shin Yu
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
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Domingo-Fernández D, Gadiya Y, Mubeen S, Bollerman TJ, Healy MD, Chanana S, Sadovsky RG, Healey D, Colluru V. Modern drug discovery using ethnobotany: A large-scale cross-cultural analysis of traditional medicine reveals common therapeutic uses. iScience 2023; 26:107729. [PMID: 37701812 PMCID: PMC10494464 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
For millennia, numerous cultures and civilizations have relied on traditional remedies derived from plants to treat a wide range of conditions and ailments. Here, we systematically analyzed ethnobotanical patterns across taxonomically related plants, demonstrating that congeneric medicinal plants are more likely to be used for treating similar indications. Next, we reconstructed the phytochemical space covered by medicinal plants to reveal that (i) taxonomically related medicinal plants cover a similar phytochemical space, and (ii) chemical similarity correlates with similar therapeutic usage. Lastly, we present several case scenarios illustrating how mining this information can be used for drug discovery applications, including: (i) investigating taxonomic hotspots around particular indications, (ii) exploring shared patterns of congeneric plants located in different geographic areas, but which have been used to treat the same indications, and (iii) showing the concordance between ethnobotanical patterns among non-taxonomically related plants and the presence of shared bioactive phytochemicals.
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Fan M, Zhang X, Song H, Zhang Y. Dandelion ( Taraxacum Genus): A Review of Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects. Molecules 2023; 28:5022. [PMID: 37446683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dandelion (Taraxacum genus) is a perennial herb belonging to the Asteraceae family. As a well-known and extensively studied genus, dandelion comprises numerous species. Some species have been widely used in both complementary and alternative medicine to clear heat, detoxify, activate blood circulation, dispel stasis, and discharge urine. Multiple pharmacological studies have highlighted its therapeutic potential, including anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-rheumatic activities. Furthermore, bioactive compounds associated with these effects include sesquiterpenoids, phenolic compounds, essential oils, saccharides, flavonoids, sphingolipids, triterpenoids, sterols, coumarins, etc. Based on recent studies about the Taraxacum genus, the present review critically evaluates the current state of dandelion utilization and summarizes the significant roles of dandelion and its constituents in different diseases. We also focus on the reported phytology, chemical composition, pharmacology, and toxicity of dandelion, along with the main possible action mechanisms behind their therapeutic activities. Meanwhile, the challenges and future directions of the Taraxacum genus are also prospected in this review, thus highlighting its pharmaceutical research and practical clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Medical College, Pingliang 744000, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Sanitation Test Center, Pingliang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Pingliang 744000, China
| | - Huaping Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Medical College, Pingliang 744000, China
| | - Yakong Zhang
- Sanitation Test Center, Pingliang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Pingliang 744000, China
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Sengupta S, Abhinav N, Singh S, Dutta J, Mabalirajan U, Kaliyamurthy K, Mukherjee PK, Jaisankar P, Bandyopadhyay A. Standardised Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. fruit extract inhibits human neutrophil elastase and attenuates elastase-induced lung injury in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1011216. [PMID: 36569308 PMCID: PMC9768866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1011216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) along with asthma is a major and increasing global health problem. Smoking contributes to about 80%-90% of total COPD cases in the world. COPD leads to the narrowing of small airways and destruction of lung tissue leading to emphysema primarily caused by neutrophil elastase. Neutrophil elastase plays an important role in disease progression in COPD patients and has emerged as an important target for drug discovery. Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. is a mangrove plant belonging to family Sonneratiaceae. It is widely found in the Sundarban regions of India. While the fruits of this plant have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and astringent activities, fruit and leaf extracts have been shown to reduce the symptoms of asthma and cough. The aim of this study is to find whether hydro alcoholic fruit extracts of S. apetala inhibit neutrophil elastase and thus prevent the progression of neutrophil elastase-driven lung emphysema. The hydroalcoholic extract, ethanol: water (90:10), of the S. apetala Buch.-Ham. fresh fruits (SAM) were used for neutrophil elastase enzyme kinetic assay and IC50 of the extract was determined. The novel HPLC method has been developed and the extract was standardized with gallic acid and ellagic acid as standards. The extract was further subjected to LC-MS2 profiling to identify key phytochemicals. The standardized SAM extract contains 53 μg/mg of gallic acid and 95 μg/mg of ellagic acid, based on the HPLC calibration curve. SAM also reversed the elastase-induced morphological change of human epithelial cells and prevented the release of ICAM-1 in vitro and an MTT assay was conducted to assess the viability. Further, 10 mg/kg SAM had reduced alveolar collapse induced by neutrophil elastase in the mice model. Thus, in this study, we reported for the first time that S. apetala fruit extract has the potential to inhibit human neutrophil elastase in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Sengupta
- Cardiovascular Disease and Respiratory Disorders Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Nipun Abhinav
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, India
| | - Sabita Singh
- Molecular Pathobiology of Respiratory Diseases Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Joytri Dutta
- Molecular Pathobiology of Respiratory Diseases Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ulaganathan Mabalirajan
- Molecular Pathobiology of Respiratory Diseases Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Karthigeyan Kaliyamurthy
- Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, A.J.C.B. Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, India
| | | | - Parasuraman Jaisankar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India,Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,*Correspondence: Parasuraman Jaisankar, ; Arun Bandyopadhyay,
| | - Arun Bandyopadhyay
- Cardiovascular Disease and Respiratory Disorders Laboratory, Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India,*Correspondence: Parasuraman Jaisankar, ; Arun Bandyopadhyay,
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Effect of the Addition of Dried Dandelion Roots ( Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg.) on Wheat Dough and Bread Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247564. [PMID: 34946646 PMCID: PMC8707634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried and crushed dandelion roots (Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg.) (TO) were used as a formulation additive (at the amount of 0, 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 g 100 g−1 flour) to wheat bread. The farinographic properties of the dough and the physical and chemical properties of the bread were evaluated. It was found that the addition of dried flour caused a significant decrease in water absorption by the flour (1% and higher TO level), an increase in the development time (from 2% to 5% TO addition) and dough stability (3% and 4% TO level), and an increase in dough softening (4% and higher TO level). As the substitution of TO for wheat flour increased, there was a gradual decrease in loaf volume, an increase in specific weight and crumb hardness, and a darkening of the crumb color. The total polyphenol content increased linearly with the percentage increase of dried root additions TO from 0.290 to 0.394 mg GAE g−1 d.m., which translated into an increase in the antioxidant activity of the bread. It was found that dried crushed roots of Taraxacum officinale can be a recipe additive for wheat bread; however, due to their specific smell and bitter aftertaste, the level of this additive should not exceed 3 g 100 g−1 flour.
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Lee W, Lee CH, Lee J, Jeong Y, Park JH, Nam IJ, Lee DS, Lee HM, Lee J, Yun N, Song J, Choi S, Kim S. Botanical formulation, TADIOS, alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced acute lung injury in mice via modulation of the Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113795. [PMID: 33421604 PMCID: PMC7832766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE TADIOS is an herbal formulation prepared from a mixture of Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber ex F.H.Wigg, Dioscorea batatas Decaisne and Schizonepeta tenuifolia (Benth.) Briquet. These plants have traditionally been used in Asia to treat a variety of respiratory diseases. A bulk of literature on traditional Korean medicine describe their activities and functions for respiratory problems. Therefore, we hypothesized that the combination of these plants might be effective in alleviating respiratory symptoms. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we investigated whether TADIOS ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury via regulation of the Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The LPS-induced acute lung injury mouse model was used to determine the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of TADIOS. The amount of marker compounds contained in TADIOS was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The protein level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in culture supernatant was measured by ELISA. Changes in the RNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice lungs and RAW264.7 cells were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. The relative amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by DCF-DA assay. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate expression of cellular proteins. Effects of TADIOS on antioxidant responsive elements (AREs) were determined by luciferase assay. The severity of acute lung injury was evaluated by Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining. To test the effects of TADIOS on LPS-induced oxidative stress, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the total antioxidant capacity were measured. RESULTS TADIOS was prepared by extraction of a blend of these three plants by ethanol, and quality control was performed through quantification of marker compounds by HPLC and measurement of bioactivities using cell-based bioassays. In the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7, TADIOS effectively suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-1β, and also ROS induced by LPS. When RAW264.7 cells were transfected with a luciferase reporter plasmid containing nucleotide sequences for AREs, TADIOS treatment increased the level of relative luciferase units in a dose-dependent manner. In the LPS-induced acute lung injury mouse model, orally administered TADIOS alleviated lung damage and neutrophil infiltration induced by LPS. Consistent with the in vitro data, treatment with TADIOS inhibited the LPS-mediated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, and activated the Nrf2-HO-1 axis. CONCLUSION Our data suggest the potential for TADIOS to be developed as a safe and effective therapeutics for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonwoo Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Chang Hyung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Jungkyu Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Yoonseon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Jong-Hyung Park
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - In-Jeong Nam
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Doo Suk Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Myung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Jaehyun Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Nayoung Yun
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Jisun Song
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Sooyeon Choi
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, 07794, South Korea.
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Ge BJ, Zhao P, Li HT, Sang R, Wang M, Zhou HY, Zhang XM. Taraxacum mongolicum protects against Staphylococcus aureus-infected mastitis by exerting anti-inflammatory role via TLR2-NF-κB/MAPKs pathways in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113595. [PMID: 33212175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a traditional Chinese medicine, Taraxacum mongolicum has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of a variety of inflammatory and infectious diseases, and also clinically used as a remedy for mastitis. However, the scientific rationale and mechanism behind its use on mastitis in vivo are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and potential mechanism of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. (T. mongolicum) on mastitis infected by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). MATERIALS AND METHODS Female ICR mice were given intragastrically 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg of T. mongolicum extract twice per day for 6 consecutive days, and infected with S. aureus via teat canal to induce mastitis. Pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were determined by ELISA. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and distribution were measured by reagent kit and immunohistochemistry. Histopathological changes of mammary gland tissues were observed by H&E staining. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression, phosphorylations of related proteins in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways were detected by western blot. RESULTS T. mongolicum decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels, and reduced MPO activity and distribution in sera and mammary glands with S. aureus-infected mastitis. In addition, T. mongolicum effectively attenuated histopathological damages and cell necrosis of mammary gland tissues infected by S. aureus. Moreover, T. mongolicum inhibited the expression of TLR2, and the phosphorylations of inhibitor κBα (IκBα), p65, p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) proteins in mammary glands with S. aureus-infected mastitis. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that T. mongolicum protects against S. aureus-infected mastitis by exerting anti-inflammatory role, which is attributed to the inhibition of TLR2-NF-κB/MAPKs pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Jie Ge
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Hai-Tao Li
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China; Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Juye Street, Changchun, Jilin 132109, China.
| | - Rui Sang
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Hong-Yuan Zhou
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
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CHi X, Liang X, Shen J, Duan X, Zhou R, Liu P. Resveratrol exerts anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation via downregulation of antioxidant and inflammatory mediators. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_41_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Dandelion polyphenols protect against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice via activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:103-113. [PMID: 32172946 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the liver protective activity of dandelion polyphenols (DP) against acetaminophen (APAP; Paracetamol)-induced hepatotoxicity. Mice were acclimated for 1 week and randomly divided into the following groups (n = 9 per group): Control, APAP, APAP + DP (100 mg·kg-1), APAP + DP (200 mg·kg-1), and APAP + DP (400 mg·kg-1) groups. Mice were pretreated with DP (100, 200, and 400 mg·kg-1) by oral gavage for 7 d before being treated with 350 mg·kg-1 APAP for 24 h to induced hepatotoxicity. Severe liver injury was observed, and hepatotoxicity was analyzed after 24 h by evaluation of biochemical markers, protein expressions levels, and liver histopathology. Pretreatment with DP was able to restore serum liver characteristics (aspartate transaminase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; alkaline phosphatase, AKP), improve redox imbalance (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione, GSH; malondialdehyde, MDA), and decrease inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α; interleukin-1β, IL-1β). Pretreatment with DP also significantly inhibited the expression levels of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Furthermore, DP pretreatment could inhibit the apoptosis of liver cells caused by APAP through up-regulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of Bax and caspase-9 protein. DP also down-regulated p-JNK protein expression levels to inhibit APAP-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and up-regulated the expression of Nrf-2 and its target gene HO-1. The histopathological staining demonstrated that DP pretreatment could inhibit APAP-induced hepatocyte infiltration, congestion, and necrosis. Our results demonstrate that DP pretreatment could protect against APAP-induced hepatic injury by activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
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Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in a Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury and TNF-α-Stimulated NCI-H292 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030198. [PMID: 32111036 PMCID: PMC7139931 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora (SP) is traditionally used as an herbal remedy to treat fever, malaria, and emesis. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol extract of SP leaves in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. SP decreased the number of inflammatory cells and the levels of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissues of SP-treated mice. In addition, SP significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. SP significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and p65-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in LPS-induced ALI mice and TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. SP treatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) with upregulated antioxidant enzymes and suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in the lung tissues of LPS-induced ALI model and TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. Collectively, SP effectively inhibited airway inflammation and ROS-mediated oxidative stress, which was closely related to its ability to induce activation of Nrf2 and inhibit the phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-κB. These findings suggest that SP has therapeutic potential for the treatment of ALI.
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Jedrejek D, Lis B, Rolnik A, Stochmal A, Olas B. Comparative phytochemical, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and haemostatic studies of Taraxacum officinale root preparations. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 126:233-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Chen J, Wu W, Zhang M, Chen C. Taraxasterol suppresses inflammation in IL-1β-induced rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes and rheumatoid arthritis progression in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 70:274-283. [PMID: 30851708 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous study has indicated that taraxasterol (TAR), one of bioactive pentacyclic triterpenes mainly isolated from Chinese medicine herb Taraxacum officinale, displays considerable anti-inflammatory effects in various kinds of models. However, its effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have still not been elucidated. In this study, we aim to investigate its anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms of TAR against RA using both interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes rheumatoid arthritis (HFLS-RA) in vitro and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice in vivo. Firstly, our results demonstrated that TRA significantly suppressed the IL-1β-induced expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and IL-8 and productions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), like MMP-1 and MMP-3 in HFLS-RA in vitro. Moreover, TRA alleviated arthritis progressions and prevented inflammatory processes in the joint tissues of CIA mice in vivo. Further mechanism studies indicated that TRA blocked nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation via modulating inhibitor of kappa B (IκB), IκB kinase (IKK) and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Results also demonstrated that TRA suppressed the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes through blocking expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing (ASC), and caspase-1 in both IL-1β-induced HFLS-RA and CIA mice. In conclusions, current findings suggested that TRA might one of considerable therapeutic compounds for relieving rheumatoid arthritis progress via suppressing inflammations through modulating NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasomes pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Chen
- Department of Outpatient Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weibo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Outpatient Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caiming Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang, China.
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Jiang X, Chen L, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Wang X, Wei J. Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Engeletin on LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Inflammation 2018; 41:1259-1265. [PMID: 29704150 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious disease with morbidity and mortality in patients. Engeletin (dihydrokaempferol 3-rhamnoside) is a flavanonol glycoside. It can be found in the skin of white grapes and white wine and is widely distributed in southeast Asia. In our study, we evaluated the protective and therapeutic effects of engeletin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in animal model. We determined the level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), and IκBα by western blotting. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio in lung tissues were also detected. Histopathological changes and the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were determined by H&E staining and ELISA. The MPO activity and lung W/D ratio induced by LPS were attenuated by engeletin. The numbers of inflammatory cells and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were ameliorated by engeletin. Furthermore, the results also showed that engeletin significantly suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB activation. The expression of PPAR-γ was upregulated by treatment of engeletin. In conclusion, we found that engeletin had protective and therapeutic effects against LPS-induced ALI by activating PPAR-γ. Engeletin is a potentially effective agent for the treatment of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmacy College of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmacy College of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jicheng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Chung HJ, Noh Y, Kim MS, Jang A, Lee CE, Myung SC. Steroidogenic effects of Taraxacum officinale extract on the levels of steroidogenic enzymes in mouse Leydig cells. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2018; 22:407-414. [PMID: 30533263 PMCID: PMC6282421 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2018.1494628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the steroidogenic effect of Taraxacum officinale extract on mouse TM3 Leydig cells, which produce male hormones by increasing the levels of steroidogenic enzymes. Steroidogenic enzymes are involved in the production of testosterone in the testis. To date, the steroidogenic effect of T. officinale has not been reported. Therefore, we examined the steroidogenic effects of T. officinale extract (TOE) on mouse Leydig cells in vitro. Traditionally, plants have been used for the treatment of various kinds of ailments. For many years, some medicinal plants have been used to regulate steroidogenesis or late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). In particular, plants belonging to the genus Taraxacum have anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties. In this study, we determined whether the TOE exerts steroidogenic effects by increasing the levels of enzymes associated with steroidogenesis, such as the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), CYP11A1, and translocator protein (TSPO) in the mitochondria and CYP17A1 in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, in mouse Leydig cells. Our results showed that the TOE significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of steroidogenic enzymes, thereby increasing the testosterone levels in mouse Leydig cells. Thus, our results indicate that the TOE increases the levels of steroidogenic enzymes, and further studies are required to establish the potential of this plant in regulating steroidogenesis and improving LOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Chung
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Urogenital Diseases Research Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoohun Noh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Neurology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Su Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Jang
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Urogenital Diseases Research Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Lee
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Chul Myung
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Urogenital Diseases Research Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hu Y, Ren J, Wang L, Zhao X, Zhang M, Shimizu K, Zhang C. Protective effects of total alkaloids from Dendrobium crepidatum against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice and its chemical components. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 149:12-23. [PMID: 29438749 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium crepidatum was one of the sources of Herba Dendrobii, a famous and precious traditional Chinese medicine. Indolizine-type alkaloids are the main characteristic ingredients of D. crepidatum, which possesses a variety of changeable skeletons. In the present study, we found that the total alkaloids of D. crepidatum (TAD) can inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages and showed protective effects against LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice through downregulating the TLR4-mediated MyD88/MAPK signaling pathway. Further phytochemical study showed that six previously undescribed indolizine-type compounds, including a racemic mixture (dendrocrepidine A-E) were isolated from TAD. Meanwhile, dendrocrepidine F was separated into a pair of enantiomers by a chiral chromatography, and their absolute configurations were assigned by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The isomer (-)-dendrocrepidine F showed higher anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NO production in LPS-treated macrophages with an IC50 value of 13.3 μM. Taken together, indolizine-type alkaloids are the active components of D. crepidatum through downregulating the TLR4-mediated pathway, indicating some kind of therapy of TAD for ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Mian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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Choi J, Yoon KD, Kim J. Chemical constituents from Taraxacum officinale and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 28:476-481. [PMID: 29254644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three novel butyrolactones (1-3) and butanoates (4-6), namely taraxiroside A-F, were isolated from Taraxacum officinale along with twenty-two known compounds (7-28). Their chemical structures were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data and comparison with those of literatures. All isolates were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Novel compounds 1-6 (IC50 145.3-181.3 μM) showed inhibitory activities similar to that of acarbose (IC50 179.9 μM). Compound 7 and 12 were the most potent inhibitor with IC50 values of 61.2 and 39.8 μM respectively. Compounds 2 and 12 showed as mixed-type inhibition, whereas compound 7 and acarbose showed competitive inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janggyoo Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Dong Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Jeon D, Kim SJ, Kim HS. Anti-inflammatory evaluation of the methanolic extract of Taraxacum officinale in LPS-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:508. [PMID: 29187173 PMCID: PMC5707789 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease. Since even low-level endotoxemia constitutes a powerful and independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis, it is important to find therapies directed against the vascular effects of endotoxin to prevent atherosclerosis. Taraxacum officinale (TO) is used for medicinal purposes because of its choleretic, diuretic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties, but its anti-inflammatory effect on endothelial cells has not been established. Methods We evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of TO filtered methanol extracts in LPS-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by monocyte adhesion and western blot assays. HUVECs were pretreated with 100 μg/ml TO for 1 h and then incubated with 1 μg/ml LPS for 24 h. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the targets (pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules) were analyzed by real-time PCR and western blot assays. We also preformed HPLC analysis to identify the components of the TO methanol extract. Results The TO filtered methanol extracts dramatically inhibited LPS-induced endothelial cell–monocyte interactions by reducing vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. TO suppressed the LPS-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB, whereas it did not affect MAPK activation. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that methanol extracts of TO could attenuate LPS-induced endothelial cell activation by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. These results indicate the potential clinical benefits and applications of TO for the prevention of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-017-2022-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Tan X, Sun Z, Chen S, Chen S, Huang Z, Zhou C, Zou C, Liu Q, Ye H, Lin H, Ye C, Wang A. Effects of dietary dandelion extracts on growth performance, body composition, plasma biochemical parameters, immune responses and disease resistance of juvenile golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 66:198-206. [PMID: 28499965 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary dandelion extracts (DE) supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, plasma biochemical indices, immune responses, hepatic antioxidant abilities, and resistance to the pathogen Vibrio harveyi in Trachinotus ovatus. A basal diet supplemented with DE at 0, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 4.00 and 10.00 g kg-1 were fed to golden pompano for 8 weeks. The study indicated that dietary supplementation with DE could significantly improve final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency ratio (FER), feed intake (FI), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein deposit rate (PDR) (P < 0.05). The highest FBW, WGR, SGR, FI and PDR were observed in fish fed 1.00 g kg-1 dietary DE (P < 0.05). The highest FER and PER were recorded at 0.50 g kg-1 dietary DE (P < 0.05). Condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and survival were not significantly different among all groups. Fish fed 1.00 g kg-1 dietary DE showed significant increase in plasma total protein, complement 4 content and alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme, glutathione reductase (GSR) activity, but significant decrease in triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and aspartate aminotransferase activities compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD, T-AOC, CAT, GSH-Px, GSR) significantly increased whereas MDA content significantly decreased in fish fed 1.00 g kg-1 DE supplement (P < 0.05). After challenge with Vibrio harveyi, significant higher post-challenge survival was observed in fish fed DE supplement (P < 0.05). These results indicated that golden pompano fed a diet supplemented with DE (especially at 1.00 g kg-1 of fed supplement) could significantly promote its growth performance, feed utilization, body protein deposit, immune ability, hepatic and plasma antioxidative enzyme activities and improve its resistance to infection by Vibrio harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
| | - Zhenzhu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Silin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518116, PR China
| | - Chuanpeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
| | - Cuiyun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Qingying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Huaqun Ye
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Heizhao Lin
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518116, PR China.
| | - Chaoxia Ye
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Anli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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Sclareol ameliorate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through inhibition of MAPK and induction of HO-1 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:16-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kim HP, Lim H, Kwon YS. Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Their Constituents on Lung Inflammatory Disorders. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:91-104. [PMID: 27956716 PMCID: PMC5340533 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) are essentially lung inflammatory disorders. Various plant extracts and their constituents showed therapeutic effects on several animal models of lung inflammation. These include coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics, iridoids, monoterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenoids. Some of them exerted inhibitory action mainly by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and nuclear transcription factor-κB activation. Especially, many flavonoid derivatives distinctly showed effectiveness on lung inflammation. In this review, the experimental data for plant extracts and their constituents showing therapeutic effectiveness on animal models of lung inflammation are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Pyo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Republic of Korea
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Rodriguez-Casado A. The Health Potential of Fruits and Vegetables Phytochemicals: Notable Examples. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1097-107. [PMID: 25225771 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.755149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetables are essential components of a healthy diet. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends an intake of five to eight portions (400-600 g) daily of fruits and vegetables to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, poor cognitive performance, and other diet-related diseases, as well as for the prevention of micronutrient deficiencies. Much of their potential for disease prevention is thought to be provided by phytochemicals, among which the preventive activity of antioxidants is most well documented. Since numerous meta-studies published indicate variable and often contradictory results about the impact of isolated phytochemicals on health, their consumption as supplements must be carried out with care, because doses may exceed the recommended nutritional intake. Nonetheless, there is a general consensus that whole fruit and vegetable intake is more important in providing health benefits than that of only one of their constituent, because of additive and synergistic effects. This review describes the most recent literature regarding the health benefits of some selected fruits and vegetables. Importantly, since some phytochemicals regulate the same genes and pathways targeted by drugs, diets rich in fruits and vegetables in combination with medical therapies are being considered as novel approaches to treatment. Therefore, phytochemicals in fruits and vegetable might be a promising tool for the prevention and/or amelioration of a wide range of diseases.
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Hu G, Wang J, Hong D, Zhang T, Duan H, Mu X, Yang Z. Effects of aqueous extracts of Taraxacum Officinale on expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 in LPS-stimulated RMMVECs. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:38. [PMID: 28077102 PMCID: PMC5225575 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Mastitis gives rise to big financial burden to farm industry (mainly dairy production) and public health. Its incidence is currently high and therefore, highly effective treatments for therapy, especially with natural products are required. Taraxacum officinale has been reported to use for anti-inflammation. However, its effect on endothelium during mastitis has not been reported. Methods We firstly established inflammation experimental model of rat mammary microvascular endothelial cells (RMMVECs). We evaluated the effects of dandelion leaf aqueous extracts (DAE) on LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators in RMMVECs by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. We treated RMMVECs with 1 μg/ml LPS for 4 h and then incubated with 10, 100 and 200 μg/mL DAE for 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. The expression (mRNA and protein level) of targets (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) and Intracellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM1) was analyzed by employing real-time PCR and Western blots. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of DAE on mastitis within an Staphylococcus aureus-induced mouse model was also determined. Results The obtained results showed that dandelion extracts at the concentration of 100 and 200 μg/mL could significantly inhibit both TNF-α and ICAM-1 expression in all time points checked while 10 μg/mL of dandelion only suppress both expression at 8 and 12 h post-treatment. The in vivo tests showed that the DAE inhibited the expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions All results suggest that the endothelium may use as as a possible target of dandelion for anti-inflammation.
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Yang N, Dong Z, Tian G, Zhu M, Li C, Bu W, Chen J, Hou X, Liu Y, Wang G, Jia X, Di L, Feng L. Protective effects of organic acid component from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. against LPS-induced inflammation: Regulating the TLR4/IKK/NF-κB signal pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:395-402. [PMID: 27566210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE TMHM is a type of Chinese medicine commonly used in medical practice and has multiple functions, including clearing heat, detoxification, reducing swelling, and tumor therapy. Previous research has demonstrated that the OAC of TMHM (TMHM-OAC) displays advantageous therapeutic action against respiratory inflammation. However, the effect of TMHM-OAC on inflammatory injury and its anti-inflammatory role requires further clarification. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vitro inflammation damage model was employed using NHBE cells and 100ng/ml of (LPS). HPLC-DAD was conducted to analyze the components of TMHM-OAC. An ELISA was conducted to determine IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NO expression. An MTT assay was conducted to determine the cytotoxicity of TMHM-OAC. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, caspase-3, caspase-8, iNOS, TLR4p-nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (p-IκκB), and p-NF-κB p65 in cellular protein, as well as the mRNA levels, were determined using WB, IF testing, and Q-PCR. RESULTS TMHM-OAC significantly reduced LPS-induced NHBE cell inflammation, which was reflected in the reduced expression of relevant cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO, caspase-3, and caspase-8. In addition, this component suppressed TLR4, p-IKKβ, and p-NF-κB p65 levels in both mRNA and cellular protein. CONCLUSION TMHM-OAC can reduce LPS-induced inflammation in NHBE cells and this function could be linked to the regulation of the TLR4/IKK/NF-kB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Post-doctoral Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine & Jumpcan Pharmaceuticl Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, Taixing 225441, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Zibo Dong
- Post-doctoral Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine & Jumpcan Pharmaceuticl Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, Taixing 225441, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Gang Tian
- Post-doctoral Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine & Jumpcan Pharmaceuticl Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, Taixing 225441, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Maomao Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Post-doctoral Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine & Jumpcan Pharmaceuticl Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, Taixing 225441, PR China
| | - Weiquan Bu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China
| | - Liuqing Di
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Liang Feng
- Post-doctoral Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine & Jumpcan Pharmaceuticl Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, Taixing 225441, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100# Shizi Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, PR China.
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Short-Term Efficacy of Pudilan Keyanning Toothpaste in Treatment of Minor Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:9125327. [PMID: 27965713 PMCID: PMC5124687 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9125327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aim. To examine the potential of Pudilan Keyanning toothpaste (PKT) to treat minor aphthous ulcers (MiAU). Method. A double-blind clinical trial was conducted in which 80 volunteers were randomly assigned to the PKT group (N = 40) or the control group (N = 40). The control group used a placebo toothpaste containing no Pudilan extract. At baseline, after 3 days, and after 6 days the following parameters were recorded for the target ulcers: healing rate, healing period, pain (visual analogue scale, VAS), areas of the target ulcerated lesions, degree of exudation, and hyperemia. Results. At the end of the study, the healing rate in the PKT group was 80%, compared to 50% in the control group (p < 0.05). At day 6, the VAS scores, ulcer area, degree of exudation, and hyperemia were significantly different between the two groups, with better performance observed in the PKT group (p < 0.05). Conclusion. PKT toothpaste appears to promote effective healing of MiAU.
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Li J, Hua Y, Ji P, Yao W, Zhao H, Zhong L, Wei Y. Effects of volatile oils of Angelica sinensis on an acute inflammation rat model. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1881-1890. [PMID: 26853745 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1133660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Despite several pharmacological studies of volatile oils of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Umbelliferae) (VOAS), its anti-inflammatory mechanism remains unknown. Objective The study investigates the effects of VOAS on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammation rat model and analyzes its possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Materials and methods Fourty rats were randomly divided into the control, model, VOAS and dexamethasone (Dex) groups. The VOAS and Dex groups were given VOAS (0.176 mL/kg) and Dex (40 μg/kg), respectively. Rats in all groups except the control group were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (100 μg/kg), their exterior behaviour and liver pathological changes were observed, and the level of white blood cell (WBC), the number of neutrophils (NE)%, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, histamine (HIS), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) were detected. Results Compared with the model group, VOAS and Dex significantly accelerated the recovery of the exterior behaviour, the liver pathological changes of rats, and increased the level of IL-10, but decreased the level of WBC, NE%, GOT, GPT, ALP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, HIS, 5-HT, NO, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion VOAS exhibits anti-inflammatory and liver protection effects by inhibiting the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), the inflammatory mediators (HIS, 5-HT, PGE2 and NO), the inflammation-related enzymes (iNOS and COX-2), as well as promoting the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongli Hua
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ji
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Wanling Yao
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Haifu Zhao
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia Zhong
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanming Wei
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
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Guo Z, Xu HY, Xu L, Wang SS, Zhang XM. IN VIVO AND IN VITRO IMMUNOMODULATORY AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF TOTAL FLAVONOIDS OF ASTRAGALUS. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2016; 13:60-73. [PMID: 28852721 PMCID: PMC5566160 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Astragali Radix has long been used to improve immune function in
traditional Chinese medicine. However, its main active components and potential
immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory activities have not been elucidated. In the
present study, the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of total flavonoids
of Astragalus (TFA) isolated from Astragali Radix were
evaluated by using in vivo animal models and in vitro
cell models. Materials and Methods: The in vivo Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of TFA
were assessed by measuring macrophage phagocytic index, delayed type hypersensitivity,
serum hemolysin level and immune organ index in mice, ear edema test in mice, paw edema
test in rats, vascular permeability test in mice and granuloma test in rats. The
in vitro Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of TFA
were assessed by examining its effect on cytokine and mediator production in
un-stimulated and LPS-stimulated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Results: The results of in vivo experiments showed that TFA enhanced macrophage
phagocytic index, delayed type hypersensitivity, serum hemolysin level and immune organ
index in mice, and attenuated mouse ear edema, rat paw edema, mouse vascular
permeability and rat granuloma formation. The results of in vitro
experiments showed that TFA stimulated the production of NO and cytokine TNF-α,
IL-Ιβ, IL-6 and IFN-γ in un-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, and
inhibited the overproduction of these inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7
macrophages in a dose-dependent manner without exerting cytotoxicity. Conclusion: These results of this study indicate that TFA have potential immunostimulatory and
anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Guo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Hong-Yan Xu
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
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Wang S, Wang Y, Liu X, Guan L, Yu L, Zhang X. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of taraxasterol on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 187:42-48. [PMID: 27109342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Taraxasterol was isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Taraxacum which has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we determined the in vivo anti-arthritic effect of taraxasterol on arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were immunized with FCA by intradermal injection into the right hind metatarsal footpad, and were orally treated daily with taraxasterol at 2, 4 and 8mg/kg from day 2-28 after immunization. Paw swelling, arthritis index, body weight, spleen index and thymus index were evaluated. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2, OPG and RANKL in sera were measured using ELISA. Histopathological changes in joint tissues were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). RESULTS Taraxasterol significantly suppressed paw swelling and arthritis index, attenuated body weight loss, decreased the spleen index and thymus index induced by FCA. Furthermore, taraxasterol significantly inhibited the overproduction of serum TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2 and RANKL, and increased serum OPG production in FCA-induced rats. Histopathological examination indicated that taraxasterol attenuated synovial hyperplasia, bone and cartilage damage, and inflammatory cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that taraxasterol has the potential protective effect against FCA-induced arthritis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Wang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Lizeng Guan
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Longzheng Yu
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China.
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Hfaiedh M, Brahmi D, Zourgui L. Hepatoprotective effect of Taraxacum officinale leaf extract on sodium dichromate-induced liver injury in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:339-349. [PMID: 25270677 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber, commonly known as Dandelion, has been widely used as a folkloric medicine for the treatment of liver and kidney disorders and some women diseases such as breast and uterus cancers. The main objective of the present study was to assess the efficiency of T. officinale leaf extract (TOE) in treating sodium dichromate hazards; it is a major environmental pollutant known for its wide toxic manifestations witch induced liver injury. TOE at a dose of 500 mg/kg b.w was orally administered once per day for 30 days consecutively, followed by 10 mg/kg b.w sodium dichromate was injected (intraperitoneal) for 10 days. Our results using Wistar rats showed that sodium dichromate significantly increased serum biochemical parameters. In the liver, it was found to induce an oxidative stress, evidenced from increase in lipid peroxidation and changes in antioxidative activities. In addition, histopathological observation revealed that sodium dichromate causes acute liver damage, necrosis of hepatocytes, as well as DNA fragmentation. Interestingly, animals that were pretreated with TOE, prior to sodium dichromate administration, showed a significant hepatoprotection, revealed by a significant reduction of sodium dichromate-induced oxidative damage for all tested markers. These finding powerfully supports that TOE was effective in the protection against sodium dichromate-induced hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity and, therefore, suggest a potential therapeutic use of this plant as an alternative medicine for patients with acute liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbarka Hfaiedh
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, 2112, University of Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Dalel Brahmi
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, 2112, University of Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Zourgui
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, 2112, University of Gafsa, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology ISBAM Medenine, University of Gabes, Tunisia
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Piao T, Ma Z, Li X, Liu J. Taraxasterol inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 756:38-42. [PMID: 25797286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic degenerative joint disease, is a leading cause of disability among elderly patients. Taraxasterol, a pentacyclic-triterpene isolated from Taraxacum officinale, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, the protective effect of taraxasterol on OA remains unclear. In order to provide a scientific basis for the applicability of taraxasterol in OA, the anti-inflammatory effects of taraxasterol on IL-1β-stimulated osteoarthritic chondrocytes were investigated. Chondrocytes were pretreated with taraxasterol 1h before IL-1β treatment. The productions of MMP-1, MMP3, MMP13, PGE2 and NO were measured by ELISA and Griess reaction. The expression of COX-2, iNOS, and NF-κB was detected by western blot analysis. Our results demonstrated that taraxasterol dose-dependently suppressed MMP-1, MMP3, MMP13, PGE2 and NO production induced by IL-1β. The expression of COX-2 and iNOS was also inhibited by taraxasterol. Western blot analysis showed that taraxasterol suppressed IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, we found that taraxasterol protected human chondrocytes by inhibiting MMPs, NO and PGE2 production. Taraxasterol may be a useful agent for prevention and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taikui Piao
- Children׳s Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150010, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Children׳s Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150010, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, People׳s Republic of China.
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Wu G, Du L, Zhao L, Shang R, Liu D, Jing Q, Liang J, Ren Y. The total alkaloids of Aconitum tanguticum protect against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1483-1491. [PMID: 25102245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aconitum tanguticum has been widely used as a remedy for infectious diseases in traditional Tibetan medicine in China. The total alkaloids of Aconitum tanguticum (TAA) are the main active components of Aconitum tanguticum and have been demonstrated to be effective in suppressing inflammation. Our aim was to investigate the protective effects of TAA on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS TAA was extracted in 95% ethanol and purified in chloroform. After vacuum drying, the TAA powder was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups. Rats were given dexamethasone (DXM, 4 mg/kg) or TAA (60 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg) before LPS injection. The PaO2and PaO2/FiO2 values, lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio and histological changes in lung tissue were measured. The cell counts, protein concentration, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung tissue were determined at 6, 12 or 24 h after LPS treatment. In addition, the NF-κ B activation in lung tissue was analyzed by western blot. RESULTS In ALI rats, TAA significantly reduced the lung W/D ratio and increased the value of PaO2 or PaO2/FiO2 at 6, 12 or 24 h after LPS challenge. TAA also reduced the total protein concentration and the number of total cells, neutrophils or lymphocytes in BALF. In addition, TAA decreased MPO activity in the lung and attenuated histological changes in the lung. Furthermore, TAA inhibited the concentration of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in BALF at 6, 12 or 24 h after LPS treatment. Further study demonstrated that TAA significantly inhibited NF-κ B activation in lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS The current study proved that TAA exhibited a potent protective effect on LPS-induced ALI in rats through its anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotai Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Discovery, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Lidong Du
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Discovery, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Dongling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Qi Jing
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jianping Liang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Discovery, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China.
| | - Yuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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Xiong H, Cheng Y, Zhang X, Zhang X. Effects of taraxasterol on iNOS and COX-2 expression in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:753-757. [PMID: 24945401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Taraxasterol was isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Taraxacum officinale which has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. Our previous study has shown that taraxasterol inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. To elucidate the underlying mechanism responsible for these effects, in the present study, we investigated the effects of taraxasterol on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with 2.5, 5 and 12.5 μg/ml of taraxasterol 1 h prior to treatment with 1 μg/ml of LPS. The mRNA expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 were examined by RT-PCR. The protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2, and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPKs were measured by Western blot. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 were inhibited by taraxasterol in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that taraxasterol suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that taraxasterol inhibits iNOS and COX-2 expression by blocking ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhang Xiong
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China.
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Hypolipidemic effect of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extracts via fecal lipid excretion in C57BL/6 mice fed an atherogenic diet. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Huang GJ, Deng JS, Chen CC, Huang CJ, Sung PJ, Huang SS, Kuo YH. Methanol extract of Antrodia camphorata protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK pathways in mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5321-5329. [PMID: 24849405 DOI: 10.1021/jf405113g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata (AC) has been used as a herbal medicine for drug intoxication for the treatment of inflammation syndromes and liver-related diseases in Taiwan. This study demonstrates the protective effect of the methanol extract of AC (MAC) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Mice were treated with MAC 1 h before the intratracheal (I.T.) instillation of LPS challenge model. Lung injury was evaluated 6 h after LPS induction. Pretreatment with MAC markedly improved LPS-induced histological alterations and edema in lung tissues. Moreover, MAC also inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6 at 6 h in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) during LPS-induced lung injury. Furthermore, MAC reduced total cell number and protein concentrations in the BALF the pulmonary wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, and myeloperoxidase activity and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung tissues. MAC also efficiently blocked protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and inhibited the degradation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and IκBα. This is the first investigation in which MAC inhibited acute lung edema effectively, which may provide a potential target for treating ALI. MAC may utilize the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways and the regulation of SOD activity to attenuate LPS-induced nonspecific pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University , Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx Flavonoids Fraction Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:894515. [PMID: 25013450 PMCID: PMC4074978 DOI: 10.1155/2014/894515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) Hara, belonging to the Labiatae family, is widely used as an anti-inflammatory and antitumor drug for the treatment of different inflammations and cancers. Aim of the Study. To investigate therapeutic effects and possible mechanism of the flavonoids fraction of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) Hara (RJFs) in acute lung injury (ALI) mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods. Mice were orally administrated with RJFs (6.4, 12.8, and 25.6 mg/kg) per day for 7 days, consecutively, before LPS challenge. Lung specimens and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were isolated for histopathological examinations and biochemical analysis. The level of complement 3 (C3) in serum was quantified by a sandwich ELISA kit. Results. RJFs significantly attenuated LPS-induced ALI via reducing productions of the level of inflammatory mediators (TNF- α , IL-6, and IL-1 β ), and significantly reduced complement deposition with decreasing the level of C3 in serum, which was exhibited together with the lowered myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) and protein concentration in BALF. Conclusions. RJFs significantly attenuate LPS-induced ALI via reducing productions of proinflammatory mediators, decreasing the level of complement, and reducing radicals.
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Liu J, Xiong H, Cheng Y, Cui C, Zhang X, Xu L, Zhang X. Effects of taraxasterol on ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:787-793. [PMID: 23727181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Taraxasterol was isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Taraxacum officinale which has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we determined the in vivo protective effect of taraxasterol on allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA, and were orally treated daily with taraxasterol at 2.5, 5 and 10mg/kg from day 23 to 27 after sensitization. The number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was determined. Th2 cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-13 (IL-13) production in BALF and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) production in sera were measured using ELISA. Histological changes in lung tissues were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS). Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to inhaled methacholine was assessed. RESULTS Taraxasterol dramatically decreased the total inflammatory cell and main inflammatory cell counts, reduced the production of Th2 cytokine IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in BALF and OVA-specific IgE in sera, and suppressed AHR in a dose-dependent manner. Histological studies demonstrated that taraxasterol substantially suppressed OVA-induced inflammatory cells infiltration into lung tissues and goblet cell hyperplasia in airways. CONCLUSIONS This finding suggests that taraxasterol protects against OVA-induced allergic asthma in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Liu
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
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González-Castejón M, Visioli F, Rodriguez-Casado A. Diverse biological activities of dandelion. Nutr Rev 2012; 70:534-47. [PMID: 22946853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) is a member of the Asteraceae (Compositae) family, native to Europe but widely distributed in the warmer temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. Dandelion and its parts are habitually consumed as plant foods in several areas of the world, where they are also employed in phytotherapy. Indeed, dandelion contains a wide array of phytochemicals whose biological activities are actively being explored in various areas of human health. In particular, emerging evidence suggests that dandelion and its constituents have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that result in diverse biological effects. The present review provides a comprehensive analysis of the constituents of dandelion, an assessment of the pharmacological properties of dandelion, and a description of relevant studies that support the use of dandelion as a medicinal plant.
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Determination of carotenoids in Taraxacum formosanum by HPLC–DAD–APCI-MS and preparation by column chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 66:144-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang X, Xiong H, Liu L. Effects of taraxasterol on inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:206-211. [PMID: 22366673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Taraxasterol, a pentacyclic-triterpene, was isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Taraxacum officinale. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of taraxasterol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with 2.5, 5, or 12.5μg/ml of taraxasterol 1h prior to treatment with 1μg/ml of LPS. Nitric oxide (NO) level in supernatants from cells was examined by Griess reaction, the concentrations of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by ELISA. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation was evaluated by immunocytochemical analysis. RESULTS We found that taraxasterol inhibited NO, PGE(2), TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that taraxasterol prevented the LPS-induced NF-κB translocation from cytoplasm into nuclear. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that taraxasterol has anti-inflammatory effect by blocking NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Animal Medicine, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China.
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Xie JY, Di HY, Li H, Cheng XQ, Zhang YY, Chen DF. Bupleurum chinense DC polysaccharides attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:130-137. [PMID: 22112722 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bupleurum chinense DC had hepato-protective, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effect in traditional Chinese medicine. This study was to determine whether the crude polysaccharides isolated from the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC (BCPs) attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury in mice. Mice were challenged with LPS intratracheally 2h before BCPs (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) administration. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected 24h after LPS challenge. Treatment with BCPs reduced lung wet-to-dry weight ratio. The elevated number of total cells and protein concentration in BALF was reduced. The increased level of myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in BALF, and serum nitric oxide (NO) were also inhibited. BCPs significantly attenuated lung injury with improved lung morphology and reduced complement deposition. These results suggested that the effect of BCPs against ALI might be related with its inhibitory effect on excessive activation of complement and on the production of proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-yun Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Hostanska K, Melzer J, Amon A, Saller R. Suppression of interleukin (IL)-8 and human beta defensin-2 secretion in LPS-and/or IL-1β-stimulated airway epithelial A549 cells by a herbal formulation against respiratory infections (BNO 1030). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:228-233. [PMID: 21167927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY A special ethanolic-aqueous extract from seven traditional medicinal plants (BNO 1030) has been used for several decades to treat recurrent infections of the respiratory tract. Considering the potential role of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and human beta defensin-2 (hBD-2) in inflammation, we investigated the effect of BNO 1030 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa or IL-1β-induced inflammatory mediators in A549 human type II alveolar epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS A549 cells were stimulated with LPS (100 μg/ml) or IL-1β (50 ng/ml) in the presence of the preparation and the secretion of IL-8 and hBD-2 were measured after 18 h and 24h in cell free supernatants using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Cell viability and cell growth was investigated by propidium iodide uptake and WST-1 assay, respectively. RESULTS BNO 1030 inhibited the secretion of IL-8 and hBD-2 at non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.1-100 μg/ml; cell growth inhibitory concentration, 50% (IC(50))=678 ± 87.6 μg/ml). Stimulation by IL-1β led to a 7-fold activation of IL-8 secretion, which was reduced by 37.7 ± 4.1% (p<0.05) after incubation with 100 μg/ml BNO 1030. Inducible hBD-2 was suppressed by 91.8 ± 15.6% (p<0.01) at the same concentration of BNO 1030 (IC(50)=0.7 ± 0.1 μg/ml). The 2-fold increase of IL-8 secretion by LPS-stimulated cells was completely abolished at concentration of 50 μg/ml BNO 1030 (IC(50)=5.7±3.6 μg/ml). CONCLUSION BNO 1030 suppressed the secretion of IL-8 and hBD-2 in cultured epithelial A549 cells. These results support its use as a phytotherapeutic product prepared from traditional remedies in inflammatory diseases, especially those affecting the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Hostanska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Complementary Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Park CM, Park JY, Noh KH, Shin JH, Song YS. Taraxacum officinale Weber extracts inhibit LPS-induced oxidative stress and nitric oxide production via the NF-κB modulation in RAW 264.7 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:834-842. [PMID: 21075189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers, Asteraceae) has been widely used in folklore medicine to treat dyspepsia, heartburn, and spleen and liver disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY To compare the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of Taraxacum officinale methanol extract (TOME) and water extract (TOWE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and assess their constitutional differences, including luteolin, chicoric acid, and total phenol content. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antioxidative enzyme activities, nitric oxide (NO) production, and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB expression were estimated by biochemical analysis, the Griess reaction, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western hybridization, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. High-performance liquid chromatography and the Folin-Ciocalteau method were used to analyze functional phytochemicals and total phenol content. RESULTS TOME and TOWE significantly reduced NO production with an IC(50) of 79.9 and 157.5 μg/mL, respectively, without cytotoxicity. Depleted glutathione (GSH) and antioxidative enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, GSH-peroxidase, and GSH-reductase, were restored by dandelion extracts. Both extracts inhibited LPS-stimulated iNOS gene expression and that of its transcription factor, NF-κB, in parallel with nitrite reduction. TOME showed more potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capacities than TOWE, which was attributable to its high total phenol, luteolin, and chicoric acid content. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that TOME and TOWE inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory responses through elevated de novo synthesis of antioxidative enzymes and suppression of iNOS expression by NF-κB inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Mu Park
- Department of Smart Foods and Drugs, Inje University, Obang-dong 607, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 621-749, Republic of Korea
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