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El-Abid H, Amaral C, Cunha SC, Correia-da-Silva G, Fernandes JO, Moumni M, Teixeira N. Anti-cancer properties of hydroethanolic extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L. in breast cancer cells. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Un S, Quan NV, Anh LH, Lam VQ, Takami A, Khanh TD, Xuan TD. Effects of In Vitro Digestion on Anti-α-Amylase and Cytotoxic Potentials of Sargassum spp. Molecules 2022; 27:2307. [PMID: 35408706 PMCID: PMC9000548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the first study to examine the effects of in vitro digestion on biological activities of Sargassum spp., a broadly known brown seaweed for therapeutic potential. Three fractions (F1-F3) were obtained from hexane extract by column chromatography. Under in vitro simulated digestion, the anti-α-amylase capacity of F1 in oral and intestinal phases increases, while it significantly decreases in the gastric phase. The α-amylase inhibition of F2 promotes throughout all digestive stages while the activity of F3 significantly reduces. The cytotoxic activity of F1 against U266 cell-line accelerates over the oral, gastric, and intestinal stages. The fractions F2 and F3 exhibited the declined cytotoxic potentialities in oral and gastric phases, but they were strengthened under intestinal condition. Palmitic acid and fucosterol may play an active role in antidiabetic and cytotoxic activity against multiple myeloma U266 cell line of Sargassum spp. However, the involvement of other phytochemicals in the seaweed should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sovannary Un
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (S.U.); (L.H.A.)
| | - Nguyen Van Quan
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (S.U.); (L.H.A.)
| | - La Hoang Anh
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (S.U.); (L.H.A.)
| | - Vu Quang Lam
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; (V.Q.L.); (A.T.)
| | - Akiyoshi Takami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; (V.Q.L.); (A.T.)
| | - Tran Dang Khanh
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi 122000, Vietnam;
- Center for Agricultural Innovation, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Dang Xuan
- Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan; (S.U.); (L.H.A.)
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Gök HN, Orhan N, Özüpek B, Pekacar S, Selvi ŞN, Orhan DD. Standardization of Juniperus macrocarpa Sibt. & Sm. and Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. Extracts with Carbohydrate Digestive Enzyme Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:441-455. [PMID: 34904000 PMCID: PMC8653663 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.114838.15055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Juniperus species growing in Turkey are used for various medicinal purposes in traditional folk medicine. We aimed to evaluate in-vitro antidiabetic (α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays), antiobesity (pancreatic lipase inhibition assay), and antioxidant (ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing activity, metal chelating activity, and phosphomolybdenum assay) activities of the extracts obtained from branches, leaves, and fruits of Juniperus macrocarpa and Juniperus excelsa. The branch (IC50 = 67.1 ± 1.7 µg/mL) and leaf ethyl acetate extracts (IC50 = 83.4 ± 0.8 µg/mL) of J. macrocarpa exhibited the strongest activity on the α-glucosidase enzyme. Besides that, J. excelsa leaf methanol extract exerted remarkable α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 950.1 ± 3.5 µg/mL). Only J. macrocarpa branch and J. excelsa leaf ethyl acetate extract slightly inhibited pancreatic lipase enzyme with 2963.3 ± 736.4 and 2343 ± 557.8 µg/mL IC50 values, respectively. The RP-HPLC-DAD analysis results demonstrated that the more active J. macrocarpa extracts are richer in agathisflavone, amentoflavone, and umbelliferone than J. excelsa extracts. With this study, it is concluded that J. macrocarpa branch and leaf ethyl acetate extracts may be a new source of α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity and agathisflavone, amentoflavone can be used in the standardization of the extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasya Nazlı Gök
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burçin Özüpek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sultan Pekacar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Nur Selvi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Deliorman Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
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Peddie DA, Bryan SJ, Francis S, Alexander-Lindo RL. Hypoglycaemic activity of Smilax canellifolia Mill. rhizomes: a bioassay-guided isolation and identification of synergistic compounds. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Smilax canellifolia Mill. is a native shrub used in commercial root tonics as an aphrodisiac, stimulant, and pain reliever. Traditional medicine incorporates the rhizomes of S. canellifolia for the treatment of anaemia, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes in Jamaica and its diaspora. In particular, the use of this plant in the management of diabetes has yet to receive any scientific evaluation. In this study, the hexane crude extract of S. canellifolia rhizomes (SCH) was investigated to determine its hypoglycaemic activity in normal Sprague-Dawley rats and to identify the compounds contributing to this activity.
Methods
The hypoglycaemic compounds were isolated using bioactivity-guided purification which involved hypoglycaemic screening using an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (via intravenous administration of SCH and its fractions). Purification was performed using column chromatography, and the bioactive fractions were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques (IR; GC-MS; 1H NMR and 13C NMR).
Results
Administration of SCH at 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) to normal S-D rats produced a reduced glycaemic response, notably from the 90 to the 150-min intervals when compared with the control, dimethyl sulfoxide (p < 0.05). Purification of this extract yielded four main fractions, SCH1 – SCH4, of which SCH3 and SCH4 displayed significant hypoglycaemia. Further purification of both SCH3 and SCH4 led to the isolation of sub-fractions SCH3.6 and SCH4.2, respectively. Using spectroscopic techniques stigmasterol (1) and β-sitosterol (2) from SCH3.6; and the fatty acids palmitic acid (3), oleic acid (4), and stearic acid (5) from SCH4.2 were identified as the major compounds with significant hypoglycaemic activities comparable to that of glibenclamide.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that the rhizomes of Smilax canellifolia contain several bioactive constituents that are responsible for its hypoglycaemic activity and may be beneficial in the management of hyperglycaemia and complications associated with diabetes.
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Bhardwaj K, Silva AS, Atanassova M, Sharma R, Nepovimova E, Musilek K, Sharma R, Alghuthaymi MA, Dhanjal DS, Nicoletti M, Sharma B, Upadhyay NK, Cruz-Martins N, Bhardwaj P, Kuča K. Conifers Phytochemicals: A Valuable Forest with Therapeutic Potential. Molecules 2021; 26:3005. [PMID: 34070179 PMCID: PMC8158490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conifers have long been recognized for their therapeutic potential in different disorders. Alkaloids, terpenes and polyphenols are the most abundant naturally occurring phytochemicals in these plants. Here, we provide an overview of the phytochemistry and related commercial products obtained from conifers. The pharmacological actions of different phytochemicals present in conifers against bacterial and fungal infections, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are also reviewed. Data obtained from experimental and clinical studies performed to date clearly underline that such compounds exert promising antioxidant effects, being able to inhibit cell damage, cancer growth, inflammation and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, an attempt has been made with the intent to highlight the importance of conifer-derived extracts for pharmacological purposes, with the support of relevant in vitro and in vivo experimental data. In short, this review comprehends the information published to date related to conifers' phytochemicals and illustrates their potential role as drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Ana Sanches Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Vairão, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal;
- Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Porto, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Atanassova
- Scientific Consulting, Chemical Engineering, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1734 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (E.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (E.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Mousa A. Alghuthaymi
- Biology Department, Science and Humanities College, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India;
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Square Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India;
| | - Navneet Kumar Upadhyay
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Prerna Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (E.N.); (K.M.)
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Abu-Odeh AM, Talib WH. Middle East Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Diabetes: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:742. [PMID: 33572627 PMCID: PMC7867005 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a global health problem, and the number of diabetic patients is in continuous rise. Conventional antidiabetic therapies are associated with high costs and limited efficiency. The use of traditional medicine and plant extracts to treat diabetes is gaining high popularity in many countries. Countries in the Middle East region have a long history of using herbal medicine to treat different diseases, including diabetes. In this review, we compiled and summarized all the in vivo and in vitro studies conducted for plants with potential antidiabetic activity in the Middle East region. Plants of the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families are the most investigated. It is hoped that this review will contribute scientifically to evidence the ethnobotanical use of medicinal plants as antidiabetic agents. Work has to be done to define tagetes, mechanism of action and the compound responsible for activity. In addition, safety and pharmacokinetic parameters should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Abu-Odeh
- Department of pharmaceutical sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan
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Malik A, Ardalani H, Anam S, McNair LM, Kromphardt KJ, Frandsen RJN, Franzyk H, Staerk D, Kongstad KT. Antidiabetic xanthones with α-glucosidase inhibitory activities from an endophytic Penicillium canescens. Fitoterapia 2020; 142:104522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Krishnasamy R, Periyasamy S. Regulating role of ethyl acetate fraction of Tephrosia tinctoria pers. in carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108842. [PMID: 30954891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Tephrosia tinctoria (TT) is used as antimicrobial, larvicidal, antidiabetic and antioxidant agents. In the present study, the diabetes was induced in male albino - rats using alloxan (140 mg/kg b.w.) and treated with ethyl acetate extract (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of T. tinctoria (TTEA) orally for 28 days. The effects of TTEA on biochemical paramets were studied. The results of this comprehensive study revealed that the TTEA significantly restored the altered parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The diabetes-induced elevated levels of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis metabolism were significantly controlled by TTEA. In the same, the decreased glycogenesis, glycolysis and TCA cycle metabolisms were significantly increased by TTEA. The enzymatic and non- enzymatic antioxidant levels were significantly elevated in TTEA treated diabetic rats and also the total non-enzymatic antioxidants capacity of serum and liver homogenate were calculated though DPPH inhibition. To conclude, this study demonstrates the anti-diabetic effect of TTEA possibly mediated through regulating carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaram Krishnasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sureshkumar Periyasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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α-Mangostin Mediated Pharmacological Modulation of Hepatic Carbohydrate Metabolism in Diabetes Induced Wistar Rat. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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10
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Potential Use of Turkish Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Various Diseases. Molecules 2016; 21:257. [PMID: 26927038 PMCID: PMC6273156 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are sources of health-promoting substances, including phytochemicals and phytoalexins that comprise polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins A, C, E and several other constituents. Many studies have indicated that medicinal plants have been used to treat human diseases for thousands of years owing to their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Medicinal plants reduce the oxidative stress in cells and prevent cancer, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative and digestive system disorders. These potential beneficial effects have been attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds that show antioxidant properties by acting as free radical scavengers or metal chelators, reducing the reactions that produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Considering the importance of medicinal plants in terms of their beneficial health effects, some of the medicinally important plants grown in Turkey are covered in this review with respect to their antioxidant potential and phytochemical profile.
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Shen KP, Su CH, Lu TM, Lai MN, Ng LT. Effects of Grifola frondosa non-polar bioactive components on high-fat diet fed and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:705-709. [PMID: 25431253 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.939290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Consumption of medicinal mushrooms for disease prevention and maintaining health has a very long history in Asia. Grifola frondosa (Fr) S.F. Gray (GF) (Meripilaceae) is a medicinal fungus popularly used for enhancing immune systems, lowering blood glucose, and improving spleen, stomach, and nerve functions. OBJECTIVE This study examines the hypoglycemic effects of GF in vitro and in vivo, and analyzes the chemical profiles of its bioactive components. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro hypoglycemic effects of GF was evaluated enzymatically using α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays, whereas in vivo study was conducted on high-fat diet fed and streptozotocin (HFD + STZ)-induced hyperglycemic mice. GC-MS was used to determine the chemical profiles of bioactive components. RESULTS The non-polar fraction of GF exhibited a stronger anti-α-glucosidase activity (IC50: 0.0332 mg/ml) than acarbose, but its anti-α-amylase activity (IC50: 0.671 mg/ml) was weaker. Oral administration of GF at 600 mg/kg (GF600) significantly lowered the blood glucose, HbA1c, average blood glucose, and serum total cholesterol levels in hyperglycemic mice. Although GF was found to contain mainly oleic acid and linoleic acid, their levels in the fungus were low, suggesting that the effects of GF on HFD + STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice could be due to factors other than these fatty acids. CONCLUSION These results conclude that GF possesses anti-α-glucosidase activity, and hypoglycemic effect in HFD + STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ping Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University , Pingtung , Taiwan
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Assessing chemical constituents of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia stem bark: possible bioactive components accountable for the cytotoxic effect of M. caesalpiniifolia on human tumour cell lines. Molecules 2015; 20:4204-24. [PMID: 25751783 PMCID: PMC6272184 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mimosa caesalpiniifolia is a native plant of the Brazilian northeast, and few studies have investigated its chemical composition and biological significance. This work describes the identification of the first chemical constituents in the ethanolic extract and fractions of M. caesalpiniifolia stem bark based on NMR, GC-qMS and HRMS analyses, as well as an assessment of their cytotoxic activity. GC-qMS analysis showed fatty acid derivatives, triterpenes and steroid substances and confirmed the identity of the chemical compounds isolated from the hexane fraction. Metabolite biodiversity in M. caesalpiniifolia stem bark revealed the differentiated accumulation of pentacyclic triterpenic acids, with a high content of betulinic acid and minor amounts of 3-oxo and 3β-acetoxy derivatives. Bioactive analysis based on total phenolic and flavonoid content showed a high amount of these compounds in the ethanolic extract, and ESI-(-)-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS identified caffeoyl hexose at high intensity, as well as the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids. Furthermore, the evaluation of the ethanolic extract and fractions, including betulinic acid, against colon (HCT-116), ovarian (OVCAR-8) and glioblastoma (SF-295) tumour cell lines showed that the crude extract, hexane and dichloromethane fractions possessed moderate to high inhibitory activity, which may be related to the abundance of betulinic acid. The phytochemical and biological study of M. caesalpiniifolia stem bark thus revealed a new alternative source of antitumour compounds, possibly made effective by the presence of betulinic acid and by chemical co-synergism with other compounds.
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Nguyen TH, Kim SM. α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Fatty Acids Purified from the Internal Organ of Sea CucumberStichopus japonicas. J Food Sci 2015; 80:H841-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. H. Nguyen
- Dept. of Marine Food Science and Technology; Gangneung-Wonju Natl. Univ; 7 Jukheon-gil Gangneung 210-702 Republic of Korea
| | - S. M. Kim
- Dept. of Marine Food Science and Technology; Gangneung-Wonju Natl. Univ; 7 Jukheon-gil Gangneung 210-702 Republic of Korea
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Mir IA, Tiku AB. Chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of "naringenin," a flavanone present in citrus fruits. Nutr Cancer 2014; 67:27-42. [PMID: 25514618 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.976320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of deaths in developed countries and is emerging as a major public health burden in developing countries too. Changes in cancer prevalence patterns have been noticed due to rapid urbanization and changing lifestyles. One of the major concerns is an influence of dietary habits on cancer rates. Approaches to prevent cancer are many and chemoprevention or dietary cancer prevention is one of them. Therefore, nutritional practices are looked at as effective types of dietary cancer prevention strategies. Attention has been given to identifying plant-derived dietary agents, which could be developed as a promising chemotherapeutic with minimal toxic side effects. Naringenin, a phytochemical mainly present in citrus fruits and tomatoes, is a frequent component of the human diet and has gained increasing interest because of its positive health effects not only in cancer prevention but also in noncancer diseases. In the last few years, significant progress has been made in studying the biological effects of naringenin at cellular and molecular levels. This review examines the cancer chemopreventive/therapeutic effects of naringenin in an organ-specific format, evaluating its limitations, and its considerable potential for development as a cancer chemopreventive/therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ahmad Mir
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University of Kashmir , Kashmir , India
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15
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Su CH, Lu TM, Lai MN, Ng LT. Inhibitory potential of Grifola frondosa bioactive fractions on α-amylase and α-glucosidase for management of hyperglycemia. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2014; 60:446-52. [PMID: 24033596 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the inhibitory effects of Grifola frondosa (GF), a medicinal mushroom popularly consumed in traditional medicine and health food, on digestive enzymes related to type 2 diabetes; chemical profiles and inhibitory kinetics of its bioactive fractions were also analyzed. Results showed that all GF extracts showed weak anti-α-amylase activity; however, strong anti-α-glucosidase activity was noted on GF n-hexane extract (GF-H). Further fractionation confirmed that compared with acarbose (a commercial α-glucosidase inhibitor), the nonpolar fraction of GF possessed a stronger anti-α-glucosidase activity but a weaker anti-α-amylase activity. These activities were not derived from ergosterol and ergosterol peroxide, two major compounds of this fraction. The inhibitory kinetics of GF-H on α-glucosidase was competitive inhibition. GF-H was as good as acarbose in inhibiting the starch digestion in vitro. Oleic acid and linoleic acid could be the major active constituents that have contributed to the potency of GF in inhibiting α-glucosidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Su
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kumar V, Anwar F, Ahmed D, Verma A, Ahmed A, Damanhouri ZA, Mishra V, Ramteke PW, Bhatt PC, Mujeeb M. Paederia foetida Linn. leaf extract: an antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant activity. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:76. [PMID: 24564866 PMCID: PMC3936833 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The primary objective of the present investigation is to evaluate the antidiabetic, antihyperlidemic and antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract of the Paederia foetida Linn. (PF) leaf extract in the streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methods Single intraperitoneal injection (IP) of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight) was used for induction of diabetes is swiss albino (wistar strain) rats. The induction of diabetes was confirmed after 3 days as noticing the increase in blood sugar level of tested rats. PF at a once a daily dose of 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, p.o. along with glibenclamide 10 mg/kg, p.o. was also given for 28 days. On the 28th day rats from all the groups fasted overnight fasted and the blood was collected from the puncturing the retro orbit of the eye under mild anesthetic condition. There collected blood sample was used to determine the antihyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant parameters. Results The oral acute toxicity studies did not show any toxic effect till the dose at 2000 mg/kg. While oral glucose tolerance test showed better glucose tolerance in tested rats. The statistical data indicated that the different dose of the PF significantly increased the body weight, hexokinase, plasma insulin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxides. It also decreases the level of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, malonaldehyde, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1-6-biphosphate and glycated hemoglobin in STZ induced diabetic rats. The histopathology of STZ induce diabetic rats, as expected the test dose of PF extract considerably modulates the pathological condition of various vital organ viz. heart, kidney, liver, pancreas as shown in the histopathology examinations. Conclusions Our investigation has clearly indicated that the leaf extract of Paederia foetida Linn. showed remarkable antihyperglycemic activity due to its possible systematic effect involving in the pancreatic and extra pancreatic mechanism. Forever, the antihyperlipidemic activity was exerted possible by lowering the higher level of lipid profile and decreasing the intercalated disc space in the heart. The antioxidant activity of extract was due to inhibition of lipid peroxidation and increasing the SOD, GPx and CAT. It was corroborate that the extract shown the Paederia foetida Linn leaves potential to be act as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties.
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Kharbanda C, Sarwar Alam M, Hamid H, Bano S, Haider S, Nazreen S, Ali Y, Javed K. Trapa natans L. root extract suppresses hyperglycemic and hepatotoxic effects in STZ-induced diabetic rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:931-936. [PMID: 24333959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trapa natans L. has a folkloric reputation as nutrient, appetizer and astringent. Its utility as antidiabetic, anticancer, diuretic, aphrodisiac, antidiarrhoeal and in many other maladies is well reported in the literature. Therefore, the present study has been carried out to study the antihyperglycemic effect of root extract of Trapa natans L. and its various fractions. Furthermore, hepatotoxic effects and lipid peroxidation risks have also been evaluated. METHODS The ethanol extract and its successive fractions obtained from roots of Trapa natans have been administered in sucrose loaded and STZ- induced diabetic Wistar rats at doses of 50, 100 and 200mg/kg b.w. Glibenclamide was used as positive control. The evaluation of protective effects of extract as well as fractions against hepatotoxicity and lipid peroxidation at 600mg/kg b.w. has also been carried out. RESULTS The methanol fraction emerged as the most potent antihyperglycemic fraction. It has also been found that the ethanolic extract as well as its fractions did not cause any lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity risks. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the intense investigations of the methanol fraction obtained from Trapa natans root extract can be done to provide an alternative natural therapy for hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Kharbanda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohammad Sarwar Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India.
| | - Hinna Hamid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Sameena Bano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Saqlain Haider
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Syed Nazreen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Yakub Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Kalim Javed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
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Taviano MF, Marino A, Trovato A, Bellinghieri V, Melchini A, Dugo P, Cacciola F, Donato P, Mondello L, Güvenç A, Pasquale RD, Miceli N. Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus and Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. macrocarpa (Sibth. & Sm.) Ball. “berries” from Turkey: Comparative evaluation of phenolic profile, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:22-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Su CH, Hsu CH, Ng LT. Inhibitory potential of fatty acids on key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes. Biofactors 2013; 39:415-21. [PMID: 23355366 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the inhibitory mechanisms of fatty acids on key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes, and their effects on starch digestion rate. Among the 10 fatty acids analyzed, oleic acid showed the strongest anti-α-glucosidase activity, followed by linoleic acid, and their activities were more potent than acarbose, but they possessed a weaker anti-α-amylase activity. Kinetic assays demonstrated that oleic acid and linoleic acid were competitive inhibitors, and their interactions with α-glucosidase exhibited a character of static quenching, which indicates that they would bind to α-glucosidase to form a complex. However, they had little effects on the secondary structures of α-glucosidase. In vitro study showed that oleic acid and linoleic acid were more potent than acarbose in inhibiting starch digestion. Taken together, these results conclude that oleic acid and linoleic acid possess potent inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Su
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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