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Wang J, Ma Y, Xu X, Huang G, Zhang R, Jia X, Dong L, Deng M, Zhang M, Huang F. Comparison of different longan polysaccharides during gut Bacteroides fermentation. Food Chem 2024; 461:140840. [PMID: 39154462 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The bioactivity of polysaccharide was closely related to its fermentation utilization by gut Bacteroides, and its utilization degree was determined by various gut Bacteroides species and different polysaccharides characteristics. The effects of longan polysaccharide (LP) and LP treated by ultrasonic-assisted hydrogen peroxide for 8 h (DLP-8) on gut Bacteroides growth, and their fermentation utilization were compared. The results of LP and DLP-8 on the proliferation of six Bacteroides species showed that Bacteroides uniformis had the highest proliferation index. In fermentation by B. uniformis, DLP-8 (with a lower molecular weight), the viable count of which was higher than that of LP, was degraded more and especially utilized more glucose and glucuronic acid. The microstructure of the two polysaccharides changed differently during fermentation. Moreover, DLP-8 promoted greater short-chain fatty acids production than LP. These results indicated that the fermentation properties of DLP-8 by B. uniformis were superior to those of LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidongtian Wang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yongxuan Ma
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Guitao Huang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Xuchao Jia
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Lihong Dong
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
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Cai JL, Wang JJ, Zhang Y, Gao H, Huang W, Cai YJ, Jia WX, Chen X, Sun HY. Characterization, expression and functional analysis of Hsp40 during LPS challenge in blood parrot Amphilophus citrinellus ×Vieja melanura. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 154:109910. [PMID: 39299406 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 40 belonging to heat shock protein family plays an important role in the immune responses of organisms. In this study, the full length cDNA of Hsp40 was 2426 bp including a 1368 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 455 amino acids with a molecular weight of 49.16 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 9.34 in blood parrot Vieja synspila ♀ × Amphilophus citrinellus ♂, an important ornamental fish in China. It had three conserved domains DnaJ, CRR and DnaJ_C. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequence of Hsp40 among species was conserved, and the blood parrot Hsp40 was closely related to Neolamprologus brichardi. Blood parrot Hsp40 mRNA could be detected in all of the tissues examined and mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. The expression of Hsp40 was upregulated during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Upregulated Hsp40 inhibited the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and activated protein 1 (AP-1) and reduced the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA expression. This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the role of Hsp40 gene in the anti-bacterial immunity of blood parrot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Li Cai
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Gao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Jie Cai
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Xin Jia
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Sun
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Zeng S, Wang K, Liu X, Hu Z, Zhao L. Potential of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) in functional food: A review of molecular mechanism-directing health benefit properties. Food Chem 2024; 437:137812. [PMID: 37897820 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) has received widespread attention worldwide as a therapeutic food with nutritional, economic, and medicinal value. Its fruit, seed, pericarp, and flower becoming dietary tools for health maintenance when it comes to targeting chronic diseases or sub-health conditions. In recent years, research focusing on longan and human health has intensified, and the high-value products of the whole fruit, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibiting peptides, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and Maillard reaction products etc., may have beneficial effects on human health by preventing the onset of chronic diseases and cancer, maintaining intestinal homeostasis and skin health. Here, we review and summarize the new available evidence on the bioactive role of phytochemicals in longan and explore the relationship between longan bioactive compounds and health benefits, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of the health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiai Zeng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuoyan Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Deng Y, Lai C, Zhang Y, Zhou P, Liu G, Tang X, Li P, Zhao Z, Zhang M, Wei Z. Effects of pretreatment methods on the physicochemical properties of dried longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) pulps. J Food Sci 2023. [PMID: 37421352 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Several pretreatment methods were used before hot air drying to determine the effects of pretreatment on the physicochemical properties of dried longan pulps to address issues of low efficiency and excessive browning of pulps in dried longan. The results showed that pretreatment methods such as sodium chloride steeping, hot blanching, and freeze-thawing reduced the moisture content in dried longan pulps and increased the hardness of dried longan pulps. Ultrasound, microwave, and hot blanching methods reduced the degree of browning of dried longan pulps. Freeze thawing led to a decrease in polysaccharide content in dried longan pulps. The use of ultrasound- and microwave-based pretreatment methods increased the contents of free phenolics and total phenolics and increased the oxygen radical absorbance capacity indices. Alkenes and alcohols constituted the primary volatile flavor substances in longan. It was inferred that it was favorable to use the hot blanching method before subjecting the samples to conditions of hot air drying as the moisture content and degree of browning could be reduced effectively. The results reported herein can potentially help manufacturers improve drying efficiency. The results provide a platform to produce high-quality products from dried longan pulps. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Longan pulps should be subjected to conditions of the hot blanching method before subjecting the samples to conditions of hot air drying to reduce the moisture content and degree of browning. The results reported herein can help manufacturers improve the drying efficiency of pulps. The results can be exploited to produce high-quality products from dried longan pulps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Deng
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chunxiang Lai
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guang Liu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Zhao
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhencheng Wei
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Ke Z, Tan S, Shi S. Physicochemical characteristics, polyphenols and antioxidant activities of Dimocarpus longan grown in different geographical locations. ANAL SCI 2023:10.1007/s44211-023-00352-2. [PMID: 37106280 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00352-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Longan is widely consumed due to its high nutritional value. The growing area has substantial effect on nutrient component and secondary metabolism of fruits. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in physicochemical characteristics, polyphenol profiles, and antioxidant activity of longan fruits grown in four regions of China. Two representative cultivars 'Shixia' and 'Chuliang' located in Chongqing, Guanxi, Zhanjiang and Hainan were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the fruit weights, edible rates, and total soluble solids were 5.63-12.57 g, 52.7-68.7% and 17.54-23.68%, respectively. The titratable acids, reducing sugars, vitamin C contents were 0.22-0.62%, 2.27-5.55% and 68.29-157.34 mg/100 g, respectively. Interestingly, contents of total polyphenols and antioxidant activities in longan pericarps from Chongqing were higher than those from low-latitude regions for two cultivars. In addition, 10 polyphenols were detected by UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS which showed that the content of polyphenols was much higher in longan pericarps than in pulps. The content of polyphenol profiles in longan was mainly influenced by its tissue distribution. Cultivar type may also affect the polyphenol profile of longan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunli Ke
- Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Si Tan
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China.
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100, China.
| | - Shengyou Shi
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China.
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100, China.
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Bakasatae N, Sangkaew W, Kunworarath N, Ontong JC, Phoopha S, Takahashi Yupanqui C, Voravuthikunchai SP, Joycharat N. The Standardized Wood Extract of Albizia myriophylla: Its Potential as an Active Ingredient in an Anti-inflammatory Herbal Gel Formulation. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:964-974. [PMID: 34359081 DOI: 10.1055/a-1535-2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Albizia myriophylla has been used in Thai folk medicine for treating inflammation-related diseases. The wood of this medicinal plant is traditionally used as a single herbal drug in the form of an aqueous decoction and as a component in several Thai herbal formulations for the remedy of fever, sore throat, and aphthous ulcers. This study aimed to evaluate in vivo the anti-inflammatory potential and possible mechanism of action of the standardized wood extract of A. myriophylla as well as to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity and physicochemical properties of the developed herbal gel formulation containing standardized wood extract of A. myriophylla. Results of quantitative HPLC analysis demonstrated that the standardized wood extract of A. myriophylla contained 22.95 mg/g of 8-methoxy-7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone, a bioactive marker compound of A. myriophylla. The standardized wood extract of A. myriophylla (1% w/v) exhibited remarkable inhibition (54.4 - 80.3%) in the croton oil model of topical inflammation at all assessment times, comparable to standard indomethacin (55.3 - 63.6%). Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to clarify the anti-inflammatory mechanism of standardized wood extract of A. myriophylla, and the result showed that this standardized extract decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner. The developed herbal gel containing standardized wood extract of A. myriophylla (1% w/w) had good physicochemical characteristics and exhibited potent inhibition (51.4 - 77.8%) of inflammation in a rat ear edema model at all assessment times, comparable to indomethacin gel (33.3 - 40.5%). The notable anti-inflammatory activity of standardized wood extract of A. myriophylla and its developed herbal gel formulation indicates their potential application as natural anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazneen Bakasatae
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Warissara Sangkaew
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Nongluk Kunworarath
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Julalak Chorachoo Ontong
- Cosmetic Technology and Dietary Supplement Products Program, Faculty of Agro and Bio Industry, Thaksin University, Phatthalung, Thailand
| | - Sathianpong Phoopha
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chutha Takahashi Yupanqui
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Nutraceutical and Functional Food, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
- Excellent Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Nantiya Joycharat
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Excellent Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Yue X, Chen Z, Zhang J, Huang C, Zhao S, Li X, Qu Y, Zhang C. Extraction, purification, structural features and biological activities of longan fruit pulp (Longyan) polysaccharides: A review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:914679. [PMID: 35958258 PMCID: PMC9358249 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.914679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimocarpus longan Lour. (also called as longan) is a subtropical and tropical evergreen tree belonging to the Sapindaceae family and is widely distributed in China, Southeast Asia and South Asia. The pulp of longan fruit is a time-honored traditional medicinal and edible raw material in China and some Asian countries. With the advancement of food therapy in modern medicine, longan fruit pulp as an edible medicinal material is expected to usher in its rapid development as a functional nutrient. As one of the main constituents of longan fruit pulp, longan fruit pulp polysaccharides (LPs) play an indispensable role in longan fruit pulp-based functional utilization. This review aims to outline the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics and biological activities (such as immunoregulatory, anti-tumor, prebiotic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and inhibition of AChE activity) of LPs. Besides, the structure-activity relationship, application prospect and patent application of LPs were analyzed and summarized. Through the systematic summary, this review attempts to provide a theoretical basis for further research of LPs, and promote the industrial development of this class of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhejie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuebo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang H, Ma C, Sun-Waterhouse D, Wang J, Neil Waterhouse GI, Kang W. Immunoregulatory polysaccharides from Apocynum venetum L. flowers stimulate phagocytosis and cytokine expression via activating the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways in RAW264.7 cells. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Structural and Functional Properties of Activator Protein-1 in Cancer and Inflammation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9797929. [PMID: 35664945 PMCID: PMC9162854 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9797929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional machinery is composed of numerous factors that help to regulate gene expression in cells. The function and the fundamental role of transcription factors in different human diseases and cancer have been extensively researched. Activator protein-1 (AP-1) is an inducible transcription factor that consists of a diverse group of members including Jun, Fos, Maf, and ATF. AP-1 involves a number of processes such as proliferation, migration, and survival in cells. Dysfunctional AP-1 activity is seen in several diseases, especially cancer and inflammatory disorders. The AP-1 proteins are controlled by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the NF-κB pathway. AP-1 inhibitors can be actively pursued as drug discovery targets in cancer therapy when used as a treatment to halt tumor progression. The consumption of phytochemicals in the diet is related to decreasing the incidence of cancer and proves to exhibit anticancer properties. Natural product targets AP-1 are effective cancer prevention and treatment options for various cancer types. Targeting AP-1 with natural products is an effective cancer treatment option for different cancer types. This review summarizes AP-1 subunit proteins, their structures, AP-1-related signaling, and its modulation by natural bioactive compounds.
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Cheng SM, Kumar VB, Wu LY, Chang HC, Kuo CH, Wei LS, Lin YM, Padma VV, Lee SD, Huang CY. Anti-apoptotic and pro-survival effects of longan flower extracts on rat hearts with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1021-1030. [PMID: 33475235 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of longan flower (LF) water extract on cardiac apoptotic and survival pathways in rat models of fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. The study findings revealed that the levels of glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were significantly increased in the HF group compared with the control group; whereas, the levels were decreased in the HFLF group. The expressions of Fas, FADD, and activated caspases 8 and 3, as well as the expressions of Bax, Bak, Bax/Bcl-2, Bak/Bcl-xL, cytosolic cytochrome c, and activated caspases 9 and 3 were increased in the HF group were significantly reversed in HFLF administrated group. Furthermore, LF extract increased IGF-1R, p-PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL expression compared to HF group. Taken together, the present findings help identify LF as a potential cardioprotective agent that can be effectively used in treating fructose-induced metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Min Cheng
- Department of Long Term Care, National Quemoy University, Kinmen County, Taiwan
| | - V Bharath Kumar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yi Wu
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chuan Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Shan Wei
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondria Related Diseases Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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Alhazmi HA, Najmi A, Javed SA, Sultana S, Al Bratty M, Makeen HA, Meraya AM, Ahsan W, Mohan S, Taha MME, Khalid A. Medicinal Plants and Isolated Molecules Demonstrating Immunomodulation Activity as Potential Alternative Therapies for Viral Diseases Including COVID-19. Front Immunol 2021; 12:637553. [PMID: 34054806 PMCID: PMC8155592 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have been extensively studied since ancient times and numerous important chemical constituents with tremendous therapeutic potential are identified. Attacks of microorganisms including viruses and bacteria can be counteracted with an efficient immune system and therefore, stimulation of body's defense mechanism against infections has been proven to be an effective approach. Polysaccharides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and lactones are the important phytochemicals, reported to be primarily responsible for immunomodulation activity of the plants. These phytochemicals may act as lead molecules for the development of safe and effective immunomodulators as potential remedies for the prevention and cure of viral diseases. Natural products are known to primarily modulate the immune system in nonspecific ways. A number of plant-based principles have been identified and isolated with potential immunomodulation activity which justify their use in traditional folklore medicine and can form the basis of further specified research. The aim of the current review is to describe and highlight the immunomodulation potential of certain plants along with their bioactive chemical constituents. Relevant literatures of recent years were searched from commonly employed scientific databases on the basis of their ethnopharmacological use. Most of the plants displaying considerable immunomodulation activity are summarized along with their possible mechanisms. These discussions shall hopefully elicit the attention of researchers and encourage further studies on these plant-based immunomodulation products as potential therapy for the management of infectious diseases, including viral ones such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadique A. Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahnaz Sultana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Bratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim M. Meraya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waquar Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M. E. Taha
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Zhou Y, Xu B. New insights into molecular mechanisms of "Cold or Hot" nature of food: When East meets West. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110361. [PMID: 34053554 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines are largely adopted in China and have a key importance in the world medical system. Cold-hot nature is the important characteristics of food and Chinese Materia Medica in the traditional Chinese medicine, relating to food functions in the organism. As compared to the studies on the cold and hot nature in Chinese medicine, the research studies carried out to establish the association between cold-hot nature and food are insufficient. Intending to investigate the criteria to discriminate the cold-hot nature of food and Chinese medicine scientifically, this review collected the cold-hot nature-related literature in recent 20 years in several popular databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. This review explored that the cold and hot natures are not only linked to the chemical components such as water, carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids, but also correlated to the biological effects, comprising of energy metabolism, inflammation response, oxidation reaction, immune response, and cell growth and proliferation. Besides, this review further put forward the possibility that cold-hot nature of food and Chinese medicine exert different biological effects on the inflammatory response via regulating the signaling pathways viz. NF-κB and MAPK. More extensive studies are needed to consider the overall connections between both the biological effects and chemical components and how food processing affects the cold-hot nature of the food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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13
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Pattnaik M, Pandey P, Martin GJO, Mishra HN, Ashokkumar M. Innovative Technologies for Extraction and Microencapsulation of Bioactives from Plant-Based Food Waste and their Applications in Functional Food Development. Foods 2021; 10:279. [PMID: 33573135 PMCID: PMC7911848 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The by-products generated from the processing of fruits and vegetables (F&V) largely are underutilized and discarded as organic waste. These organic wastes that include seeds, pulp, skin, rinds, etc., are potential sources of bioactive compounds that have health imparting benefits. The recovery of bioactive compounds from agro-waste by recycling them to generate functional food products is of increasing interest. However, the sensitivity of these compounds to external factors restricts their utility and bioavailability. In this regard, the current review analyses various emerging technologies for the extraction of bioactives from organic wastes. The review mainly aims to discuss the basic principle of extraction for extraction techniques viz. supercritical fluid extraction, subcritical water extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and pulsed electric field extraction. It provides insights into the strengths of microencapsulation techniques adopted for protecting sensitive compounds. Additionally, it outlines the possible functional food products that could be developed by utilizing components of agricultural by-products. The valorization of wastes can be an effective driver for accomplishing food security goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisha Pattnaik
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India; (M.P.); (P.P.); (H.N.M.)
| | - Pooja Pandey
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India; (M.P.); (P.P.); (H.N.M.)
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Gregory J. O. Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Hari Niwas Mishra
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India; (M.P.); (P.P.); (H.N.M.)
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Li H, Kim J, Tran HNK, Lee CH, Hur J, Kim MC, Yang HO. Extract of Polygala tenuifolia, Angelica tenuissima, and Dimocarpus longan Reduces Behavioral Defect and Enhances Autophagy in Experimental Models of Parkinson's Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2021; 23:428-443. [PMID: 33432492 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The 20% ethanol extract of Polygala tenuifolia, Angelica tenuissima, and Dimocarpus longan (WIN-1001X) was derived from a modified version of Korean traditional herbal formula 'Chungsimyeolda-tang' which has been used for the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders. The Parkinson's disease presents with impaired motor functions and loss of dopaminergic neurons. However, the treatment for Parkinson's disease is not established until now. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic advantages of WIN-1001X on animal models of Parkinson's disease. WIN-1001X administration successfully relieved the Parkinsonism symptoms in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease mice tested by rota-rod and pole tests. The loss of tyrosine hydroxylase activities in substantia nigra and striatum was also attenuated by administration of WIN-1001X. In mice with sub-chronical MPTP injections, autophagy-related proteins, such as LC3, beclin-1, mTOR, and p62, were measured using the immunoblot assay. The results were favorable to induction of autophagy after the WIN-1001X administration. WIN-1001X treatment on 6-hydroxydopamine-injected rats also exhibited protective effects against striatal neuronal damage and loss of dopaminergic cells. Such protection is expected to be due to the positive regulation of autophagy by administration of WIN-1001X with confirmation both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, an active compound, onjisaponin B was isolated and identified from WIN-1001X. Onjisaponin B also showed significant autophagosome-inducing effect in human neuroblastoma cell line. Our study suggests that relief of Parkinsonism symptoms and rescue of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in dopaminergic neurons are affected by autophagy enhancing effect of WIN-1001X which the onjisaponin B is one of the major components of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Joonki Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Huynh Nguyen Khanh Tran
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwan Lee
- Central Research Institute, WhanIn Pharm. Co., Ltd., Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyun Hur
- Central Research Institute, WhanIn Pharm. Co., Ltd., Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Cheol Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Yang
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea. .,College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Śliwiński T, Zajdel R. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Extracts and Pure Compounds Derived from Plants via Modulation of Signaling Pathways, Especially PI3K/AKT in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249605. [PMID: 33339446 PMCID: PMC7766727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom is a source of important therapeutic agents. Therefore, in this review, we focus on natural compounds that exhibit efficient anti-inflammatory activity via modulation signaling transduction pathways in macrophage cells. Both extracts and pure chemicals from different species and parts of plants such as leaves, roots, flowers, barks, rhizomes, and seeds rich in secondary metabolites from various groups such as terpenes or polyphenols were included. Selected extracts and phytochemicals control macrophages biology via modulation signaling molecules including NF-κB, MAPKs, AP-1, STAT1, STAT6, IRF-4, IRF-5, PPARγ, KLF4 and especially PI3K/AKT. Macrophages are important immune effector cells that take part in antigen presentation, phagocytosis, and immunomodulation. The M1 and M2 phenotypes are related to the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory agents, respectively. The successful resolution of inflammation mediated by M2, or failed resolution mediated by M1, may lead to tissue repair or chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation is strictly related to several disorders. Thus, compounds of plant origin targeting inflammatory response may constitute promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.M.-S.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.M.-S.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
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Structural elucidation, anti-inflammatory activity and intestinal barrier protection of longan pulp polysaccharide LPIIa. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Phytochemical constituents and biological activities of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruit: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Rakariyatham K, Zhou D, Rakariyatham N, Shahidi F. Sapindaceae (Dimocarpus longan and Nephelium lappaceum) seed and peel by-products: Potential sources for phenolic compounds and use as functional ingredients in food and health applications. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Zhou B, Li T, Yang M, Pang J, Min L, Han J. Characterization of the hot and cold medicinal properties of traditional Chinese herbs by spontaneous photon emission ratio of mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 243:112108. [PMID: 31349028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE One important therapeutic characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its properly-guided clinical prescription is considering the cold and hot medicinal properties of traditional Chinese herbs. According to the TCM theory, the hot and cold medicinal properties are defined by the general responses of a human body to a given herbal medicine. This definition is subjective and ambiguous which attenuates the modernization of TCM. Biological spontaneous photon emission (SE) is a normal phenomenon reflecting the transition of the quantum state of molecules inside an organism. The alteration of its level can indicate the changes of many aspects of the organism including metabolism. Thus, we can exploit this feature to develop a novel and scientific approach to quantitively and objectively characterize the hot and cold medicinal properties of traditional Chinese herbs. OBJECTIVE To determine whether SE can be used to characterize the hot and cold medicinal properties of traditional Chinese herbs, this study took advantage of the ultra-weak luminescence detection technology to examine the effects of traditional Chinese herbs with hot or cold medicinal property to the level of SE in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were intragastrically administered with twenty traditional Chinese herbs harboring cold or hot property for ten consecutive days respectively. During the course of treatment, SE intensity of the abdomen and the back of each individual mouse were measured and recorded. At the end of the treatment, the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity, Na+-K+-ATPase activity and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity in the liver of all mice were examined. RESULTS Ratio between the SE intensity of the abdomen and back of mice (defined as SE ratio) was able to distinguish the cold and hot medicinal properties of traditional Chinese herbs. Mice treated with hot herbs and cold herbs have higher and lower SE ratios respectively compared with control mice. Furthermore, levels of selected biochemical indexes in the liver were correlated with most of the SE ratio changes induced by herbal treatment. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a novel and promising approach to quantitatively investigate herbal properties and we propose that SE ratio defined in this study can serve as a sensitive parameter to characterize the cold and hot medicinal properties of traditional Chinese herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochen Zhou
- Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Taoyingnan Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Meina Yang
- Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Jingxiang Pang
- Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Lingyuan Min
- Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China.
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Targeting Inflammation by Flavonoids: Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194957. [PMID: 31597283 PMCID: PMC6801776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced metabolic profile is essential for normal human physiological activities. Disproportions in nutrition give rise to imbalances in metabolism that are associated with aberrant immune function and an elevated risk for inflammatory-associated disorders. Inflammation is a complex process, and numerous mediators affect inflammation-mediated disorders. The available clinical modalities do not effectively address the underlying diseases but rather relieve the symptoms. Therefore, novel targeted agents have the potential to normalize the metabolic system and, thus, provide meaningful therapy to the underlying disorder. In this connection, polyphenols, the well-known and extensively studied phytochemical moieties, were evaluated for their effective role in the restoration of metabolism via various mechanistic signaling pathways. The various flavonoids that we observed in this comprehensive review interfere with the metabolic events that induce inflammation. The mechanisms via which the polyphenols, in particular flavonoids, act provide a promising treatment option for inflammatory disorders. However, detailed clinical studies of such molecules are required to decide their clinical fate.
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21
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RTA 408 Inhibits Interleukin-1β-Induced MMP-9 Expression via Suppressing Protein Kinase-Dependent NF-κB and AP-1 Activation in Rat Brain Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112826. [PMID: 31185608 PMCID: PMC6600142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is characterized by the elevated expression of various inflammatory proteins, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), induced by various pro-inflammatory mediators, which play a critical role in neurodegenerative disorders. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has been shown to induce the upregulation of MMP-9 through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX)-reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent signaling pathways. N-(2-cyano-3,12-dioxo-28-noroleana-1,9(11)-dien-17-yl)-2-2-difluoropropanamide (RTA 408), a novel synthetic triterpenoid, has been shown to possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various types of cells. Here, we evaluated the effects of RTA 408 on IL-1β-induced inflammatory responses by suppressing MMP-9 expression in a rat brain astrocyte (RBA-1) line. IL-1β-induced MMP-9 protein and mRNA expression, and promoter activity were attenuated by RTA 408. The increased level of ROS generation in RBA-1 cells exposed to IL-1β was attenuated by RTA 408, as determined by using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and CellROX. In addition, the inhibitory effects of RTA 408 on MMP-9 expression resulted from the suppression of the IL-1β-stimulated activation of Pyk2 (proline-rich tyrosine kinase), platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ), Akt, ROS, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Pretreatment with RTA 408 attenuated the IL-1β-induced c-Jun phosphorylation, mRNA expression, and promoter activity. IL-1β-stimulated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 phosphorylation, translocation, and promoter activity were also attenuated by RTA 408. Furthermore, IL-1β-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) protein and mRNA expression, and cell migration were attenuated by pretreatment with RTA 408. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which RTA 408 attenuates IL-1β-mediated inflammatory responses and exerts beneficial effects for the management of brain diseases.
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22
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Zhang J, Liu N, Sun C, Sun D, Wang Y. Polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. ex Redoute induce an immune response in the RAW264.7 cell line via an NF-κB/MAPK pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17988-17994. [PMID: 35520543 PMCID: PMC9064608 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03023a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum (PSP) on RAW 264.7 cells together with the underlying signaling pathways. Water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from Polygonatum sibiricum and the immunological activity/mechanism was explored in depth in RAW 264.7 cells. Our results demonstrated that PSP induced dendritic-like morphological changes in RAW 264.7 cells, and increased the production of nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies revealed that PSP promoted the accumulation of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA and caused IκB-α degradation and NF-κB p65 translocation into the nucleus at both the transcriptional and translational levels. The expression of iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB and phosphorylated p38 MAPK was upregulated in PSP-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Water-soluble polysaccharides possess immunological activity and the immunostimulatory mechanism may be attributed to the NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways similar to the mechanism of lipopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaozhen Zhang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 PR China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250033 PR China
| | - Deqing Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250033 PR China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250033 PR China
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Zhu XR, Wang H, Sun J, Yang B, Duan XW, Jiang YM. Pericarp and seed of litchi and longan fruits: constituent, extraction, bioactive activity, and potential utilization. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 20:503-512. [PMID: 31090276 PMCID: PMC6568221 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) and longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruits have a succulent and white aril with a brown seed and are becoming popular worldwide. The two fruits have been used in traditional Chinese medicine as popular herbs in the treatment of neural pain, swelling, and cardiovascular disease. The pericarp and seed portions as the by-products of litchi and longan fruits are estimated to be approximately 30% of the dry weight of the whole fruit and are rich in bioactive constituents. In the recent years, many biological activities, such as tyrosinase inhibitory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-glycated, and anti-cancer activities, as well as memory-increasing effects, have been reported for the litchi and longan pericarp and seed extracts, indicating a potentially significant contribution to human health. With the increasing production of litchi and longan fruits, enhanced utilization of the two fruit by-products for their inherent bioactive constituents in relation to pharmacological effects is urgently needed. This paper reviews the current advances in the extraction, processing, identification, and biological and pharmacological activities of constituents from litchi and longan by-products. Potential utilization of litchi and longan pericarps and seeds in relation to further research is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-rong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Post-harvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xue-wu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yue-ming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Characterization and Prebiotic Potential of Longan Juice Obtained by Enzymatic Conversion of Constituent Sucrose into Fructo-Oligosaccharides. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102596. [PMID: 30309034 PMCID: PMC6222641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prebiotic potential of longan juice obtained by a commercial Viscozyme L for conversion of constituent sucrose to fructo-oligosaccharide was investigated. The physicochemical properties and carbohydrate composition of the longan juice was evaluated before and after enzymatic treatment. The stimulation effects of the treated longan juice on probiotic bacteria growth were also studied in vitro. The results showed that total soluble solids, yield and clarity of longan juice were all significantly improved after enzyme treatment. The water-soluble polysaccharide content, including pectin, was significantly increased. Compared with the natural longan pulp, the enzyme treated juice showed a significant decrease in sucrose content. Substantial fructo-oligosaccharides including 1-kestose and nystose were synthesized after enzyme treatment. The molecular weight distribution and the monosaccharide composition of the water-soluble polysaccharide were significantly changed by enzyme treatment. The treated longan juice and its ethanol-soluble sugar fraction promoted the growth of Streptococus thermophiles, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii, showing a good potential of the treated longan juice for producing functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Kim JE, Takanche JS, Yun BS, Yi HK. Anti-inflammatory character of Phelligridin D modulates periodontal regeneration in lipopolysaccharide-induced human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:816-824. [PMID: 29851069 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Phelligridin D is a hispidin analogue from the mushroom Phellinus baumii that is widely used as a food source in East Asia. This study tested phelligridin D for the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). The objective of this study was to clarify whether the anti-inflammatory function of phelligridin D affects periodontal regeneration for supporting the HPDLCs of teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS Primary HPDLCs were isolated from healthy teeth and then cultured. The anti-inflammatory function, mechanism and differentiation molecules were verified with reactive oxygen species generation and western blot analysis in LPS-induced HPDLCs. RESULTS HPDLCs showed increased inflammatory molecules (intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and decreased osteogenic proteins (bone morphogenetic protein-7, Osterix and runt-related transcription factor 2) by LPS treatment. Phelligridin D decreased inflammatory molecules and increased osteogenic molecules via downregulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-jun N-terminal kinases pathway among the mitogen-activated protein kinase, followed by blocking of nuclear factor kappa-B translocation from cytosol to nucleus. In addition, phelligridin D showed antioxidant properties by reducing reactive oxygen species activity. Finally, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant function of phelligridin D promoted the periodontal differentiation of HPDLCs. CONCLUSION These results suggest that phelligridin D supports teeth on the alveolar bone against outside stress, and may be used as an anti-inflammatory compound for the prevention of periodontitis or periodontal regenerative related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-E Kim
- Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - J-S Takanche
- Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - B-S Yun
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Biosource Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - H-K Yi
- Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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Li N, Lin Z, Chen W, Zheng Y, Ming Y, Zheng Z, Huang W, Chen L, Xiao J, Lin H. Corilagin from longan seed: Identification, quantification, and synergistic cytotoxicity on SKOv3ip and hey cells with ginsenoside Rh2 and 5-fluorouracil. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:133-140. [PMID: 29751073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Corilagin content from different parts of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Additionally, the potential synergistic effects of corilagin + ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2), and corilagin + 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on ovarian cancer cells, and cancer-preventing activities, including inhibition of tyrosinase, properties of antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging, and blocking of nitrosamine synthesis were investigated. The results showed the content of corilagin from different parts of longan varied widely, while corilagin content in longan seed was high with a value of 542.15 ± 10.30 μg/g. Then the corilagin from longan seed was chosen for further study, since longan seed was easily obtained from by-product of longan fruit processing with low cost. Furthermore, the combinations of corilagin + Rh2, and corilagin + 5-FU showed an increased synergistic cytotoxicity on SKOv3ip and Hey cells. Moreover, corilagin inhibited exhibited effects of inhibiting tyrosinase, antioxidation, scavenging nitrite and blocking nitrosamine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Zhican Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Yanlin Ming
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China.
| | - Zhizhong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Hetong Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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27
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Hennig B, Petriello MC, Gamble MV, Surh YJ, Kresty LA, Frank N, Rangkadilok N, Ruchirawat M, Suk WA. The role of nutrition in influencing mechanisms involved in environmentally mediated diseases. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2018; 33:87-97. [PMID: 29381475 PMCID: PMC5987536 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2017-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to environmental contaminants such as persistent chlorinated organics, heavy metals, pesticides, phthalates, flame retardants, electronic waste and airborne pollutants around the world, and especially in Southeast Asian regions, are significant and require urgent attention. Given this widespread contamination and abundance of such toxins as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the ecosystem, it is unlikely that remediation alone will be sufficient to address the health impacts associated with this exposure. Furthermore, we must assume that the impact on health of some of these contaminants results in populations with extraordinary vulnerabilities to disease risks. Further exacerbating risk; infectious diseases, poverty and malnutrition are common in the Southeast Asian regions of the world. Thus, exploring preventive measures of environmental exposure and disease risk through new paradigms of environmental toxicology, optimal and/or healthful nutrition and health is essential. For example, folic acid supplementation can lower blood arsenic levels, and plant-derived bioactive nutrients can lower cardiovascular and cancer risks linked to pollutant exposure. Data also indicate that diets enriched with bioactive food components such as polyphenols and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can prevent or decrease toxicant-induced inflammation. Thus, consuming healthy diets that exhibit high levels of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is a meaningful way to reduce the vulnerability to non-communicable diseases linked to environmental toxic insults. This nutritional paradigm in environmental toxicology requires further study in order to improve our understanding of the relationship between nutrition or other lifestyle modifications and toxicant-induced diseases. Understanding mechanistic relationships between nutritional modulation of environmental toxicants and susceptibility to disease development are important for both cumulative risk assessment and the design and implementation of future public health programs and behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Hennig
- University of Kentucky Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Michael C. Petriello
- University of Kentucky Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Mary V. Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY, USA
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742 08826, South Korea
| | - Laura A. Kresty
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Norbert Frank
- German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - William A. Suk
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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28
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Gao X, Ho CT, Li X, Lin X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Li B. Phytochemicals, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiproliferative, and Methylglyoxal Trapping Properties of Zijuan Tea. J Food Sci 2018; 83:517-524. [PMID: 29337349 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Zijuan tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) is a unique anthocyanin-rich tea cultivar in China. Although chemical component analysis of Zijuan tea and extraction technology of anthocyanins was widely documented, its functional properties have not been extensively explored. In this study, the anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and methylglyoxal (MGO) trapping activities of water extract (ZWE) and ethyl acetate extract (ZEE) of Zijuan tea were investigated for the 1st time. Results showed that ZWE and ZEE exhibited inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 production as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase protein (iNOS) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, Zijuan tea extracts exerted stronger antiproliferative activity against HCT-116 cells compared with HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and thus could induce apoptosis in HCT-116 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Zijuan tea extracts were effective in trapping MGO under simulated physiological conditions, and the T1/2 (the time for 50% MGO remaining) values of ZWE and ZEE were 3.69 and 6.20 min, respectively. Additionally, the contents of total phenolics and catechins in ZEE were 685.43 ± 16.00 and 454.96 ± 4.21 mg/g extract, respectively, and in ZWE were 422.59 ± 12.09 and 307.29 ± 0.85 mg/g extract, respectively. Therefore, ZEE exhibited better anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and MGO trapping properties than ZWE may be mainly attributed to its higher (P < 0.05) content of total phenolics, expecially catechins. These results suggest that Zijuan tea could be a potential natural resource for the development of functional tea beverage. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study revealed that Zijuan tea extracts possessed anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and methylglyoxal trapping potentials in vitro. With high anthocyanins and polyphenols, Zijuan tea can be developed into a healthy tea beverage or used as a natural component to reduce the level of methylglyoxal in Maillard reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Gao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Dept. of Food Science, Rutgers Univ., 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, U.S.A
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Dept. of Food Science, Rutgers Univ., 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, U.S.A
| | - Xiaofei Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaorong Lin
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhongzheng Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural Univ., 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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29
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Eom SJ, Hwang JE, Kim KT, Paik HD. Increased antioxidative and nitric oxide scavenging activity of ginseng marc fermented by Pediococcus acidilactici KCCM11614P. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 27:185-191. [PMID: 30263739 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the antioxidant and nitric oxide scavenging activities of ginseng marc fermented by Pediococcus acidilactici, thereby creating a biofunctional resource with improved anti-inflammatory capability. P. acidilactici was inoculated in 1% ginseng marc extract; cell viability, pH, and total titratable acidity were measured. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and colorimetric method. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), β-carotene, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) assays were used to evaluate functionality. Polyphenols and flavonoids totaled 33.7 ± 0.4 and 10.0 ± 0.4 mg/g of solid, respectively, at 24 h fermentation. P. acidilactici had 40 nM β-galactosidase and 20 nM β-glucosidase activities. Antioxidative activities increased up to 34.5 and 10.2%, respectively, as measured via FRAP and β-carotene assays. Anti-inflammatory activity of the fermented extract-as measured via SNP assay-increased 342%, suggesting that ginseng marc fermented by P. acidilactici could be used in food or pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Eom
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Ji Eun Hwang
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Kee-Tae Kim
- 2Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- 1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea.,2Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Korea
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30
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Bai Y, Liu L, Zhang R, Huang F, Deng Y, Zhang M. Ultrahigh pressure-assisted enzymatic extraction maximizes the yield of longan pulp polysaccharides and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 96:214-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Rathore AS, Sathiyanarayanan L, Deshpande S, Mahadik KR. Rapid and sensitive determination of major polyphenolic components inEuphoria longanaLam. seeds using matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction and UHPLC with hybrid linear ion trap triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4335-4343. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul S. Rathore
- Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University; Pune Maharashtra India
| | - L. Sathiyanarayanan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University; Pune Maharashtra India
| | | | - Kakasaheb R. Mahadik
- Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University; Pune Maharashtra India
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